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Gao Y, Liu C, Wang X, Zhou H, Mai K, He G. EPA and DHA promote cell proliferation and enhance activity of the Akt-TOR-S6K anabolic signaling pathway in primary muscle cells of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:1483-1494. [PMID: 38814520 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Fish growth and health are predominantly governed by dietary nutrient supply. Although the beneficial effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation have been shown in a number of fish species, the underlying mechanisms are still mostly unknown. In this study, we conducted an investigation into the effects of EPA and DHA on cell proliferation, nutrient sensing signaling, and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) transporting in primary turbot muscle cells. The findings revealed that EPA and DHA could stimulate cell proliferation, promote protein synthesis and inhibit protein degradation through activation of target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway, a pivotal nutrient-sensing signaling cascade. While downregulating the expression of myogenin and myostatin, EPA and DHA increased the level of myogenic regulatory factors, such as myoD and follistatin. Furthermore, we observed a significant increase in the concentrations of intracellular BCAAs following treatment with EPA or DHA, accompanied by an upregulation of the associated amino acid transporters. Our study providing valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying the growth-promoting effects of omega-3 fatty acids in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Gao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Chengdong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Huihui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Gen He
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266003, China
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2
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Pethe A, Joshi S, Ali Dar T, Poddar NK. Revisiting the role of phospholipases in alzheimer's: crosstalk with processed food. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-19. [PMID: 39002140 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2377290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Phospholipases such as phospholipase-A, phospholipase-B, phospholipase-C and phospholipase-D are important functional enzymes of the cell membrane responsible for a variety of functions such as signal transduction, production of lipid mediators, metabolite digestion and playing a pathological role in central nervous system diseases. Phospholipases have shown an association with Alzheimer's disease and these enzymes have found a correlation with several metabolic pathways that can lead to the activation of inflammatory signals via astrocytes and microglial cells. We also highlighted unhealthy practices like smoking and consuming processed foods, rich in nitroso compounds and phosphatidic acid, which contribute to neuronal damage in AD through phospholipases. A few therapeutic approaches such as the use of inhibitors of phospholipase-D,phospholipase A2 as well as autophagy-mediated inhibition have been discussed to control the onset of AD. This paper serves as a crosstalk between phospholipases and their role in neurodegenerative pathways as well as their influence on other biomolecules of lipid membranes, which are acquired through unhealthy diets and possible methods to treat these anomalies occurring due to their metabolic disorder involving phospholipases acting as major signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atharv Pethe
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Siddhi Joshi
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Tanveer Ali Dar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar Poddar
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Kawatani K, Holm ML, Starling SC, Martens YA, Zhao J, Lu W, Ren Y, Li Z, Jiang P, Jiang Y, Baker SK, Wang N, Roy B, Parsons TM, Perkerson RB, Bao H, Han X, Bu G, Kanekiyo T. ABCA7 deficiency causes neuronal dysregulation by altering mitochondrial lipid metabolism. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:809-819. [PMID: 38135757 PMCID: PMC11153016 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02372-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
ABCA7 loss-of-function variants are associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Using ABCA7 knockout human iPSC models generated with CRISPR/Cas9, we investigated the impacts of ABCA7 deficiency on neuronal metabolism and function. Lipidomics revealed that mitochondria-related phospholipids, such as phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin were reduced in the ABCA7-deficient iPSC-derived cortical organoids. Consistently, ABCA7 deficiency-induced alterations of mitochondrial morphology accompanied by reduced ATP synthase activity and exacerbated oxidative damage in the organoids. Furthermore, ABCA7-deficient iPSC-derived neurons showed compromised mitochondrial respiration and excess ROS generation, as well as enlarged mitochondrial morphology compared to the isogenic controls. ABCA7 deficiency also decreased spontaneous synaptic firing and network formation in iPSC-derived neurons, in which the effects were rescued by supplementation with phosphatidylglycerol or NAD+ precursor, nicotinamide mononucleotide. Importantly, effects of ABCA7 deficiency on mitochondria morphology and synapses were recapitulated in synaptosomes isolated from the brain of neuron-specific Abca7 knockout mice. Together, our results provide evidence that ABCA7 loss-of-function contributes to AD risk by modulating mitochondria lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Kawatani
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Marie-Louise Holm
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Skylar C Starling
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Yuka A Martens
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- SciNeuro Pharmaceuticals, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Center for Regenerative Biotherapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Wenyan Lu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Center for Regenerative Biotherapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Yingxue Ren
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Zonghua Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Peizhou Jiang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Yangying Jiang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Samantha K Baker
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Ni Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Bhaskar Roy
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Tammee M Parsons
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Center for Regenerative Biotherapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Ralph B Perkerson
- Center for Regenerative Biotherapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Hanmei Bao
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Guojun Bu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Takahisa Kanekiyo
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
- Center for Regenerative Biotherapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
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4
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Liss KHH, Mousa M, Bucha S, Lutkewitte A, Allegood J, Cowart LA, Finck BN. Dynamic changes in the mouse hepatic lipidome following warm ischemia reperfusion injury. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3584. [PMID: 38351300 PMCID: PMC10864394 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54122-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver failure secondary to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become the most common cause for liver transplantation in many parts of the world. Moreover, the prevalence of MASLD not only increases the demand for liver transplantation, but also limits the supply of suitable donor organs because steatosis predisposes grafts to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). There are currently no pharmacological interventions to limit hepatic IRI because the mechanisms by which steatosis leads to increased injury are unclear. To identify potential novel mediators of IRI, we used liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to assess temporal changes in the hepatic lipidome in steatotic and non-steatotic livers after warm IRI in mice. Our untargeted analyses revealed distinct differences between the steatotic and non-steatotic response to IRI and highlighted dynamic changes in lipid composition with marked changes in glycerophospholipids. These findings enhance our knowledge of the lipidomic changes that occur following IRI and provide a foundation for future mechanistic studies. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying such changes will lead to novel therapeutic strategies to combat IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim H H Liss
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Muhammad Mousa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nutritional Science and Obesity Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shria Bucha
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrew Lutkewitte
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nutritional Science and Obesity Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeremy Allegood
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - L Ashley Cowart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Brian N Finck
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nutritional Science and Obesity Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Silva E, Ferchaud‐Roucher V, Kramer A, Madi L, Pantham P, Chassen S, Jansson T, Powell TL. Oleic acid stimulation of amino acid uptake in primary human trophoblast cells is mediated by phosphatidic acid and mTOR signaling. FASEB Bioadv 2024; 6:1-11. [PMID: 38223199 PMCID: PMC10782470 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2023-00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Normal fetal development is critically dependent on optimal nutrient supply by the placenta, and placental amino acid transport has been demonstrated to be positively associated with fetal growth. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a positive regulator of placental amino acid transporters, such as System A. Oleic acid (OA) has been previously shown to have a stimulatory role on placental mTOR signaling and System A amino acid uptake in primary human trophoblast (PHT) cells. We investigated the mechanistic link between OA and System A activity in PHT. We found that inhibition of mTOR complex 1 or 2, using small interfering RNA to knock down raptor or rictor, prevented OA-stimulated System A amino acid transport indicating the interaction of OA with mTOR. Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a key intermediary for phospholipid biosynthesis and a known regulator of the mTOR pathway; however, phospholipid biosynthetic pathways have not been extensively studied in placenta. We identified placental isoforms of acyl transferase enzymes involved in de novo phospholipid synthesis. Silencing of 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate-O-acyltransferase-4, an enzyme in this pathway, prevented OA mediated stimulation of mTOR and System A amino acid transport. These data indicate that OA stimulates mTOR and amino acid transport in PHT cells mediated through de novo synthesis of PA. We speculate that fatty acids in the maternal circulation, such as OA, regulate placental functions critical for fetal growth by interaction with mTOR and that late pregnancy hyperlipidemia may be critical for increasing nutrient transfer to the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Silva
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | | | - Anita Kramer
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Lana Madi
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Priyadarshini Pantham
- Ob/Gyn & Reproductive SciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Stephanie Chassen
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of NeonatologyUniversity of Colorado, Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Thomas Jansson
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Theresa L. Powell
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of NeonatologyUniversity of Colorado, Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
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6
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Hays H, Gu Z, Mai K, Zhang W. Transcriptome-based nutrigenomics analysis reveals the roles of dietary taurine in the muscle growth of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2023; 47:101120. [PMID: 37597366 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
The present study explored transcriptomics and gene regulation variations in the muscle of turbot fed with dietary taurine. A 70-day feeding trial was conducted using turbot (initial body weight: 3.66 ± 0.02 g) fed with different levels of dietary taurine: 0 % (C), 0.4 % (T2), 1.2 % (T4) and 2.0 % (T6). Two methods were used to analyze and verify the taurine effects on muscle growth: (1) real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) for the key muscle growth-related genes and (2) transcriptomic analysis by next-generation sequencing (NGS). The results showed that 1.2 % of dietary taurine supplementation significantly increased the expression of muscle growth stimulatory genes, including TauT, myoD, Myf5, myogenin and follistatin. And also, the 1.2 % level significantly decreased the expression of the muscle growth-restricting gene (myostatin). Meanwhile, transcriptomics analysis found that 1.2 % dietary taurine supplementation significantly increased the number of up-regulated genes linked to metabolic pathways. In contrast, taurine significantly enriched the actin cytoskeleton and metabolic pathways in the T4 and T2 groups, respectively. These findings align with the gene ontology (GO) analysis, which indicated a higher number of cellular component (CC) gene expressions at a 1.2 % of dietary taurine compared to a 0.4 % of dietary taurine supplementation. In conclusion, dietary taurine had positive impacts on the growth-stimulatory genes. Moreover, 1.2 % of dietary taurine supplementation is important to the metabolic pathway enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasi Hays
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biotechnology (IBMBB), University of Colombo, 90, Cumaratunga Munidasa Mawatha, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka. https://twitter.com/hasihays
| | - Zhixiang Gu
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
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7
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Meng X, Bi Q, Ma Q, Wei Y, Li Y, Liang M, Xu H. Dietary Cholesterol Differentially Regulates the Muscle Lipidomics of Farmed Turbot and Tiger Puffer. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101632. [PMID: 37238062 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Exogenous cholesterol has been supplemented into aqua-feeds due to the reduced proportions of fishmeal and fish oil. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary cholesterol supplementation on the muscle lipidomics of two marine fish species, turbot and tiger puffer. A 70-day feeding trial was conducted, where two low-fishmeal diets supplemented with 0 or 1% cholesterol were used. The lipidomic analysis with targeted tandem mass spectrometry showed that, in turbot, a total of 49 individual lipids exhibited significant differences in their abundance in response to dietary cholesterol, whereas the number was 30 for tiger puffer. Dietary cholesterol up-regulated the abundance of cholesterol and cholesterol ester in both species. In turbot, the dietary cholesterol also increased the abundance of triacylglycerol and acylcarnitine, whereas in tiger puffer, it primarily regulated the abundance of phospholipids and BMP. This was the first time the responses of marine fish muscle lipidomics to dietary cholesterol supplementation have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Meng
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, 1 Haida Road, Zhanjiang 524008, China
| | - Qingzhu Bi
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuliang Wei
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanlu Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mengqing Liang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Houguo Xu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
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Ellingsen S, Narawane S, Fjose A, Verri T, Rønnestad I. The zebrafish cationic amino acid transporter/glycoprotein-associated family: sequence and spatiotemporal distribution during development of the transport system b 0,+ (slc3a1/slc7a9). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:1507-1525. [PMID: 34338990 PMCID: PMC8478756 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00984-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
System b0,+ absorbs lysine, arginine, ornithine, and cystine, as well as some (large) neutral amino acids in the mammalian kidney and intestine. It is a heteromeric amino acid transporter made of the heavy subunit SLC3A1/rBAT and the light subunit SLC7A9/b0,+AT. Mutations in these two genes can cause cystinuria in mammals. To extend information on this transport system to teleost fish, we focused on the slc3a1 and slc7a9 genes by performing comparative and phylogenetic sequence analysis, investigating gene conservation during evolution (synteny), and defining early expression patterns during zebrafish (Danio rerio) development. Notably, we found that slc3a1 and slc7a9 are non-duplicated in the zebrafish genome. Whole-mount in situ hybridization detected co-localized expression of slc3a1 and slc7a9 in pronephric ducts at 24 h post-fertilization and in the proximal convoluted tubule at 3 days post-fertilization (dpf). Notably, both the genes showed co-localized expression in epithelial cells in the gut primordium at 3 dpf and in the intestine at 5 dpf (onset of exogenous feeding). Taken together, these results highlight the value of slc3a1 and slc7a9 as markers of zebrafish kidney and intestine development and show promise for establishing new zebrafish tools that can aid in the rapid screening(s) of substrates. Importantly, such studies will help clarify the complex interplay between the absorption of dibasic amino acids, cystine, and (large) neutral amino acids and the effect(s) of such nutrients on organismal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ståle Ellingsen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Postbox 7803, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Postbox 7803, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Shailesh Narawane
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Postbox 7803, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders Fjose
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Postbox 7803, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Postbox 7803, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tiziano Verri
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Ivar Rønnestad
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Postbox 7803, N-5020, Bergen, Norway.
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Wang N, Zhang X, Liu C, Wang X, Zhou H, Mai K, He G. Fine-Tuning of Postprandial Responses via Feeding Frequency and Leucine Supplementation Affects Dietary Performance in Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). J Nutr 2021; 151:2957-2966. [PMID: 34255073 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Feeding-induced cell signaling and metabolic responses affect utilization of dietary nutrients but are rarely taken advantage of to improve animal nutrition. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that by modulating postprandial kinetics and signaling, improved dietary utilization and growth performance could be achieved in animals. METHODS Juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) with an initial mean ± SD weight of 10.1 ± 0.01 g were used. Two feeding frequencies (FFs), either 1 or 3 meals/d at a fixed 2.4% daily body weight ration, and 2 diets that were or were not supplemented with 1% crystalline leucine (Leu), were used in the 10-wk feeding trial. At the end of the trial, a 1-d force-feeding experiment was conducted using the aforementioned FF and experimental diets. Samples were collected for the analysis of postprandial kinetics of aminoacidemia, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling activities, protein deposition, as well as the mRNA expression levels of key metabolic checkpoints at consecutive time points after feeding. RESULTS Increased FF and leucine supplementation significantly enhanced fish growth by 7.68% ± 0.53% (means ±SD) and 7.89% ± 1.25%, respectively, and protein retention by 4.01% ± 0.59% and 4.44% ± 1.63%, respectively, in feeding trial experiments. The durations of postprandial aminoacidemia and mTOR activation were extended by increased FF, whereas leucine supplementation enhanced mTOR signaling without influencing the postprandial free amino acids kinetics. Increased FF and leucine supplementation enhanced muscle protein deposition 21.6% ± 6.85% and 22.3% ± 1.52%, respectively, in a 24-h postfeeding period. CONCLUSIONS We provided comprehensive characterization of the postprandial kinetics of nutrient sensing and metabolic responses under different feeding regimens and leucine supplementation in turbot. Fine-tuning of postprandial kinetics could provide a new direction for better dietary utilization and animal performances in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengdong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Huihui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Gen He
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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10
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Phosphatidic Acid Stimulates Myoblast Proliferation through Interaction with LPA1 and LPA2 Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031452. [PMID: 33535610 PMCID: PMC7867176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a bioactive phospholipid capable of regulating key biological functions, including neutrophil respiratory burst, chemotaxis, or cell growth and differentiation. However, the mechanisms whereby PA exerts these actions are not completely understood. In this work, we show that PA stimulates myoblast proliferation, as determined by measuring the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA and by staining the cells with crystal violet. PA induced the rapid phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2, and pretreatment of the cells with specific small interferin RNA (siRNA) to silence the genes encoding these kinases, or with selective pharmacologic inhibitors, blocked PA-stimulated myoblast proliferation. The mitogenic effects of PA were abolished by the preincubation of the myoblasts with pertussis toxin, a Gi protein inhibitor, suggesting the implication of Gi protein-coupled receptors in this action. Although some of the effects of PA have been associated with its possible conversion to lysoPA (LPA), treatment of the myoblasts with PA for up to 60 min did not produce any significant amount of LPA in these cells. Of interest, pharmacological blockade of the LPA receptors 1 and 2, or specific siRNA to silence the genes encoding these receptors, abolished PA-stimulated myoblast proliferation. Moreover, PA was able to compete with LPA for binding to LPA receptors, suggesting that PA can act as a ligand of LPA receptors. It can be concluded that PA stimulates myoblast proliferation through interaction with LPA1 and LPA2 receptors and the subsequent activation of the PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK1-2 pathways, independently of LPA formation.
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Comparative transcriptomics and host-specific parasite gene expression profiles inform on drivers of proliferative kidney disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2149. [PMID: 33495500 PMCID: PMC7835236 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77881-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The myxozoan parasite, Tetracapsuloidesbryosalmonae has a two-host life cycle alternating between freshwater bryozoans and salmonid fish. Infected fish can develop Proliferative Kidney Disease, characterised by a gross lymphoid-driven kidney pathology in wild and farmed salmonids. To facilitate an in-depth understanding of T.bryosalmonae-host interactions, we have used a two-host parasite transcriptome sequencing approach in generating two parasite transcriptome assemblies; the first derived from parasite spore sacs isolated from infected bryozoans and the second from infected fish kidney tissues. This approach was adopted to minimize host contamination in the absence of a complete T.bryosalmonae genome. Parasite contigs common to both infected hosts (the intersect transcriptome; 7362 contigs) were typically AT-rich (60–75% AT). 5432 contigs within the intersect were annotated. 1930 unannotated contigs encoded for unknown transcripts. We have focused on transcripts encoding proteins involved in; nutrient acquisition, host–parasite interactions, development, cell-to-cell communication and proteins of unknown function, establishing their potential importance in each host by RT-qPCR. Host-specific expression profiles were evident, particularly in transcripts encoding proteases and proteins involved in lipid metabolism, cell adhesion, and development. We confirm for the first time the presence of homeobox proteins and a frizzled homologue in myxozoan parasites. The novel insights into myxozoan biology that this study reveals will help to focus research in developing future disease control strategies.
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Liss KH, Ek SE, Lutkewitte AJ, Pietka TA, He M, Skaria P, Tycksen E, Ferguson D, Blanc V, Graham MJ, Hall AM, McGill MR, McCommis KS, Finck BN. Monoacylglycerol Acyltransferase 1 Knockdown Exacerbates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice With Hepatic Steatosis. Liver Transpl 2021; 27:116-133. [PMID: 32916011 PMCID: PMC7785593 DOI: 10.1002/lt.25886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most common indication for liver transplantation. The growing prevalence of NAFLD not only increases the demand for liver transplantation, but it also limits the supply of available organs because steatosis predisposes grafts to ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) and many steatotic grafts are discarded. We have shown that monoacylglycerol acyltransferase (MGAT) 1, an enzyme that converts monoacylglycerol to diacylglycerol, is highly induced in animal models and patients with NAFLD and is an important mediator in NAFLD-related insulin resistance. Herein, we sought to determine whether Mogat1 (the gene encoding MGAT1) knockdown in mice with hepatic steatosis would reduce liver injury and improve liver regeneration following experimental IRI. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) were used to knockdown the expression of Mogat1 in a mouse model of NAFLD. Mice then underwent surgery to induce IRI. We found that Mogat1 knockdown reduced hepatic triacylglycerol accumulation, but it unexpectedly exacerbated liver injury and mortality following experimental ischemia/reperfusion surgery in mice on a high-fat diet. The increased liver injury was associated with robust effects on the hepatic transcriptome following IRI including enhanced expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines and suppression of enzymes involved in intermediary metabolism. These transcriptional changes were accompanied by increased signs of oxidative stress and an impaired regenerative response. We have shown that Mogat1 knockdown in a mouse model of NAFLD exacerbates IRI and inflammation and prolongs injury resolution, suggesting that Mogat1 may be necessary for liver regeneration following IRI and that targeting this metabolic enzyme will not be an effective treatment to reduce steatosis-associated graft dysfunction or failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim H.H. Liss
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Shelby E. Ek
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Terri A. Pietka
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Mai He
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Priya Skaria
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Eric Tycksen
- Department of Genome Technology Access Center, McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Daniel Ferguson
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Valerie Blanc
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Angela M. Hall
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Mitchell R. McGill
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Kyle S. McCommis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Brian N. Finck
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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Goto-Inoue N, Sato T, Morisasa M, Igarashi Y, Mori T. Characterization of Metabolite Compositions in Wild and Farmed Red Sea Bream ( Pagrus major) Using Mass Spectrometry Imaging. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7197-7203. [PMID: 31240934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nutritional profiles and consumer preferences differ between wild and farmed fish, and identification of fish sources can be difficult. We analyzed the metabolite molecules of wild and farmed red sea bream ( Pagrus major) to identify specific metabolic differences. The total lipid content and molecular composition of wild and farmed red sea bream muscles were analyzed using thin-layer chromatography and mass spectrometry imaging. Triacylglycerol levels were significantly higher in farmed fish. Wild fish contained saturated-fatty-acid-containing triacylglycerols as a major molecular species, while docosahexaenoic-acid-containing triacylglycerol levels were significantly higher in farmed fish than in wild fish. The localization of each muscle-fiber-type-specific marker demonstrated that wild fish exhibit myosin heavy chain (MHC)-type-IIb-specific phospholipids, while farmed fish exhibit MHC-type-IIa-specific phospholipids in their white muscle. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analyses separated the identified myosins and revealed that farmed fish possess additional myosin isoforms when compared to wild fish. In addition, we found a farmed-fish-specific distribution of anserine in their white muscle. These molecules can be used as new molecular markers for determining the geographic origins of wild versus farmed red sea bream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Goto-Inoue
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, College of Bioresource Sciences , Nihon University , 1866 Kameino , Fujisawa , Kanagawa 252-0880 , Japan
| | - Tomohiko Sato
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, College of Bioresource Sciences , Nihon University , 1866 Kameino , Fujisawa , Kanagawa 252-0880 , Japan
| | - Mizuki Morisasa
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, College of Bioresource Sciences , Nihon University , 1866 Kameino , Fujisawa , Kanagawa 252-0880 , Japan
| | - Yuika Igarashi
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, College of Bioresource Sciences , Nihon University , 1866 Kameino , Fujisawa , Kanagawa 252-0880 , Japan
| | - Tsukasa Mori
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, College of Bioresource Sciences , Nihon University , 1866 Kameino , Fujisawa , Kanagawa 252-0880 , Japan
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Jagot S, Sabin N, Le Cam A, Bugeon J, Rescan PY, Gabillard JC. Histological, transcriptomic and in vitro analysis reveal an intrinsic activated state of myogenic precursors in hyperplasic muscle of trout. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:865. [PMID: 30509177 PMCID: PMC6276237 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dramatic increase in myotomal muscle mass in post-hatching fish is related to their ability to lastingly produce new muscle fibres, a process termed hyperplasia. The molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying fish muscle hyperplasia largely remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to characterize intrinsic properties of myogenic cells originating from hyperplasic fish muscle. For this purpose, we compared in situ proliferation, in vitro cell behavior and transcriptomic profile of myogenic precursors originating from hyperplasic muscle of juvenile trout (JT) and from non-hyperplasic muscle of fasted juvenile trout (FJT) and adult trout (AT). RESULTS For the first time, we showed that myogenic precursors proliferate in hyperplasic muscle from JT as shown by in vivo BrdU labeling. This proliferative rate was very low in AT and FJT muscle. Transcriptiomic analysis revealed that myogenic cells from FJT and AT displayed close expression profiles with only 64 differentially expressed genes (BH corrected p-val < 0.001). In contrast, 2623 differentially expressed genes were found between myogenic cells from JT and from both FJT and AT. Functional categories related to translation, mitochondrial activity, cell cycle, and myogenic differentiation were inferred from genes up regulated in JT compared to AT and FJT myogenic cells. Conversely, Notch signaling pathway, that signs cell quiescence, was inferred from genes down regulated in JT compared to FJT and AT. In line with our transcriptomic data, in vitro JT myogenic precursors displayed higher proliferation and differentiation capacities than FJT and AT myogenic precursors. CONCLUSIONS The transcriptomic analysis and examination of cell behavior converge to support the view that myogenic cells extracted from hyperplastic muscle of juvenile trout are intrinsically more potent to form myofibres than myogenic cells extracted from non-hyperplasic muscle. The generation of gene expression profiles in myogenic cell extracted from muscle of juvenile trout may yield insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms controlling hyperplasia and provides a useful list of potential molecular markers of hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Jagot
- INRA, LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomic Laboratory, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Nathalie Sabin
- INRA, LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomic Laboratory, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Aurélie Le Cam
- INRA, LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomic Laboratory, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jérôme Bugeon
- INRA, LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomic Laboratory, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Rescan
- INRA, LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomic Laboratory, 35000 Rennes, France
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