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Osama HM, Khadrawy SM, El-Nahass ES, Othman SI, Mohamed HM. Eltroxin and Hesperidin mitigate testicular and renal damage in hypothyroid rats: amelioration of oxidative stress through PPARγ and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Lab Anim Res 2024; 40:19. [PMID: 38745206 PMCID: PMC11092223 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-024-00204-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate growth, development and function of different tissues. Hypothyroidism is a common clinical disorder characterized by deficiency in THs and adversely affects the development and functions of several organs. This work aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of eltroxin (ELT), a hypothyroidism medication, and hesperidin (HSP), a flavonoid, against testicular and renal toxicity in hypothyroid rats. Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups and treated orally for 12 weeks. Group I (control), group II (hypothyroidism) received 20 mg/kg carbimazole (CBZ), group III received CBZ and 0.045 mg/kg ELT, and group IV received CBZ and 200 mg/kg HSP. RESULTS CBZ administration induced biochemical and histopathological changes in testis and kidney. Co-administration of ELT or HSP significantly (P < 0.05) ameliorated THs, reduced urea and creatinine while raised follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone in serum. Testicular and renal malondialdehyde level as a lipid peroxidation indicator, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased while glutathione content, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione-s-transferase activities were significantly (P < 0.05) increased. The histopathological changes were also diminished. Decreased mRNA and protein expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARγ) in hypothyroid rats were up-regulated after ELT or HSP treatment. CONCLUSIONS ELT and HSP showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against CBZ-induced testicular and renal toxicity, and these effects may be promoted via activating Nrf2/HO-1 and PPARγ signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel M Osama
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Sally M Khadrawy
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - El-Shaymaa El-Nahass
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Sarah I Othman
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. BOX 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanaa M Mohamed
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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González-Arostegui LG, Muñoz-Prieto A, García-López G, Cerón JJ, Tvarijonaviciute A, Rubio CP. Changes in biomarkers of the redox status in whole blood and red blood cell lysates in canine hypothyroidism. Vet Res Commun 2024:10.1007/s11259-024-10382-4. [PMID: 38662314 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Hypothyroidism is the most commonly diagnosed endocrine disease in dogs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in the redox status in canine hypothyroidism using whole blood (WB) and red blood cell (RBCs) lysates. For this purpose, a panel of five antioxidants and five oxidants biomarkers was measured in WB and RBCs lysates of 30 dogs with hypothyroidism, 26 dogs with non-thyroidal illnesses and 15 healthy dogs. The antioxidants measured were cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), thiol and paraoxonase type-1 (PON-1). Oxidants measured include the total oxidant status (TOS), peroxide-activity (POX-Act), reactive oxygen-derived metabolites (d-ROMs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). WB showed a significant decrease of the antioxidants CUPRAC, TEAC and thiol, and also an increase in TBARS and a decrease in AOPP in dogs with hypothyroidism compared to healthy dogs. Meanwhile, RBCs lysates showed a significant increase in FRAP and PON-1 in dogs with hypothyroidism. The changes in the redox biomarkers in this study show that WB in canine hypothyroidism had a higher number of changes in biomarkers of the redox status than RBCs lysates, making it a promising sample type for the evaluation of the redox status in this disease. In addition, WB is easier and simpler to process than RBCs lysates and unlike serum, it does not have any hemolysis interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G González-Arostegui
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - A Muñoz-Prieto
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - G García-López
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - J J Cerón
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - A Tvarijonaviciute
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - C P Rubio
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain.
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Badini F, Bayrami A, Mirshekar MA, Shahraki S, Fanaei H. Levothyroxine attenuates behavioral impairment and improves oxidative stress and histological alteration 3-nitropropionic acid induced experimental Huntington's disease in rats. Behav Brain Res 2024; 461:114864. [PMID: 38220060 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by degeneration of the striatum; it results in oxidative stress and motor deficits. Thyroid hormones regulate oxidative metabolism. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of administration of levothyroxine (LT-4) on neurobehavioral, oxidative stress, and histological changes in a rat model of HD. Forty-eight Wistar male rats were divided into the following six groups (n = 8): Group 1 (control) received physiological saline intraperitoneally (ip). Groups 2 and 3 received L-T4,30 and L-T4100 (μg/kg, ip, respectively) daily for 7 days. Group 4 (HD) received 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) (25 mg/kg, ip) daily for 7 days. Groups 5 and 6 received L-T4,30 and L-T4100 (μg/kg, ip, respectively) 30 min after 3-NP (25 mg/kg, ip) injection for the same duration. On the 8th day, behavioral parameters were evaluated with the Rotarod, Narrow beam walk, and Limb withdrawal tests. Oxidative markers such as Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione (GSH) levels and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, in striatum tissue were measured. Moreover, striatum tissues were analyzed by Hematoxylin-eosin staining for histological alterations. We found that 3-NP administration caused motor incoordination and induced oxidative stress increased but reduced free radical scavenging. Also, increased amounts of lipid peroxides caused striatal damage as shown by histopathological evaluation. Administration of L-T4 led to increased falling time in the Rotarod, but reduced the time taken in Narrow beam walking and Limb withdrawal test. Furthermore, L-T4 increased antioxidant activity, decreased lipid peroxidation and ameliorated 3-NP-induced degeneration in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Badini
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Bayrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mirshekar
- Clinical Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Samira Shahraki
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hamed Fanaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Pregnancy Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Liu W, Zhi FH, Zheng SY, Yang HS, Geng XJ, Luo HH, Feng YF, Lei YY. Hypothyroidism reduces the risk of lung cancer through oxidative stress response and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway: An RNA-seq and Mendelian randomization study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22661. [PMID: 38107290 PMCID: PMC10724660 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypothyroidism has been suggested to play a role in tumor progression. However, the causal association between hypothyroidism and lung cancer remains unknow. To elucidate the potential association between hypothyroidism and lung cancer risk, we employ a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. MR was performed to analyze pooled data from the International Lung Cancer Consortium (11,348 cases and 15,861 controls; European ancestry) to determine the causal relationship between hypothyroidism and lung cancer. We used 36, 83, and 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms as instrumental variables for hypothyroidism/myxoedema, hypothyroidism, and exercise, respectively. We further investigated the mechanisms involved in transcriptome analysis using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression database. We conducted an initial validation of intermediary factor using a two-step MR analysis. Genetically predicted hypothyroidism was significantly related to the risk of overall lung cancer, specifically the risk of lung squamous cell cancer (LSCC) but not with the risk of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) as assessed using the inverse-variance weighted (IVM) method. A similar causal association was found between hypothyroidism/myxoedema and the risk of lung cancer, LSCC, and LUAD. Transcriptome analysis showed that genes associated with hypothyroidism, lung cancer, and LSCC were enriched in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and oxidative stress response. However, genes related to hypothyroidism and LUAD did not exhibit enrichment in these pathways. Hypothyroidism was significantly associated with strenuous sports or other exercises. Moreover, genetically predicted exercise was significantly related to the risk of overall lung cancer, and LSCC, but not LUAD. We detected no horizontal pleiotropy using the MR-PRESSO and MR Egger regression intercept. Hypothyroidism was causally associated with a lower risk of lung cancer, and these effects might be mediated by the oxidative stress response and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, our study suggests that the potential factors and viable etiologies of hypothyroidism that contributed to lung cancer risk deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Fei-Hang Zhi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Shao-Yi Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Hao-Shuai Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Xi-Jie Geng
- Operating Room and Anesthesia Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hong-He Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yan-Fen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Yi-Yan Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
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Arostegui LGG, Prieto AM, Marín LP, López GG, Tvarijonaviciute A, Madrigal JJC, Rubio CP. Changes in biomarkers of redox status in serum and saliva of dogs with hypothyroidism. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:33. [PMID: 36732758 PMCID: PMC9896751 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypothyroidism is the most common endocrine disorder diagnosed in dogs, leading to deleterious effects on a dog's life quality. This study aims to evaluate changes in the redox status in canine hypothyroidism. For this purpose, a comprehensive panel of antioxidants and oxidants biomarkers were measured in serum and saliva of 23 dogs with hypothyroidism, 21 dogs with non-thyroidal illness, and 16 healthy dogs. Among the antioxidants, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), thiol, paraoxonase type 1 (PON-1) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined in serum and CUPRAC, ferric reducing ability of saliva (FRAS) and TEAC in saliva. The oxidant biomarkers included were total oxidant status (TOS), peroxide-activity (POX-Act), reactive oxygen-derived compounds (d-ROMs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in serum and AOPP and TBARS in saliva. RESULTS Results showed a significantly higher TEAC, PON-1, GPx, TOS, POX-Act, and d-ROMs, and a significantly lower AOPP in serum of dogs with hypothyroidism. Meanwhile, significantly lower FRAS and AOPP were observed in saliva of dogs with hypothyroidism. Once salivary concentrations were corrected based on their total protein concentrations, the only analyte showing significant changes was TBARS which was significantly higher in dogs with hypothyroidism. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that dogs with hypothyroidism present alterations in the redox status in both serum and saliva. This study should be considered a preliminary study and further research addressing these changes should be made using larger populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis G. González Arostegui
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Espinardo Spain
| | - Alberto Muñoz Prieto
- grid.4808.40000 0001 0657 4636Clinic for Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 1000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Luis Pardo Marín
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Espinardo Spain
| | - Gregorio García López
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Espinardo Spain
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Espinardo Spain
| | - Jose Joaquín Cerón Madrigal
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Espinardo Spain
| | - Camila Peres Rubio
- grid.7080.f0000 0001 2296 0625Department of Animal and Food Science, School of Veterinary Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Chartoumpekis DV, Ziros PG, Habeos IG, Sykiotis GP. Emerging roles of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling in the thyroid gland and perspectives for bench-to-bedside translation. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:276-283. [PMID: 35988853 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The signaling pathway centered on the transcription factor nuclear erythroid factor 2-like 2 (Nrf2) has emerged during the last 15 years as a target for the prevention and treatment of diseases broadly related with oxidative stress such as cancer, neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases. The roles of Nrf2 are expanding beyond general cytoprotection, and they encompass its crosstalk with other pathways as well as tissue-specific functions. The thyroid gland relies on reactive oxygen species for its main physiological function, the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones. A few years ago, Nrf2 was characterized as a central regulator of the antioxidant response in the thyroid, as well as of the transcription and processing of thyroglobulin, the major thyroidal protein that serves as the substrate for thyroid hormone synthesis. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge about the roles of Nrf2 in thyroid physiology, pathophysiology and disease. We focus specifically on the most recent publications in the field, and we discuss the implications for the preclinical and clinical use of Nrf2 modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionysios V Chartoumpekis
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Panos G Ziros
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis G Habeos
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Gerasimos P Sykiotis
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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David M, Şerban A, Adrian Enache T, Florescu M. Electrochemical quantification of levothyroxine at disposable screen-printed electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Necroptosis mediated by receptor interacting protein kinase 3 as critical players in experimental congenital hypothyroidism related neuronal damage. North Clin Istanb 2021; 8:472-478. [PMID: 34909585 PMCID: PMC8630716 DOI: 10.14744/nci.2021.26043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is literally described as congenital thyroid hormone imperfection. The primary objective of this research was to reveal the possible relation between receptor-acting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) activity and neuronal damages in rat pups with CH. In addition, we evaluated the favorable impacts of 3.6-dibromo-α-([phenylamino] methyl)-9H-carbazole-9-ethanol (P7C3) reducing RIPK3 activity. METHODS Adult rats were accordingly assigned into four groups: Group 1, which is called congenital hypothyroid; Group 2, which is called congenital hypothyroid administered P7C3; Group 3, called CH administered P7C3 and L-thyroxine; and Group 4, control group. RIPK3 level in plasma concentration and its expression in tissue was determined in all groups. RESULTS Increased RIPK3 expressions were detected as high in the CH group when it is compared to the control group. Furthermore; the expressions in neuronal cytoplasm were found similar among Groups II and III. RIPK3 expressions in those two groups were relatively higher than in the control group. Most reacted parts of the brain were especially Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. CONCLUSION It is concluded that there is excellent parallelism among damaged neurons and high RIPK3 activity in CH pathogenesis. P7C3 compounds may have a safeguarding impact on CH due to decreasing RIPK3 activity.
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Amirahmadi S, Hosseini M, Ahmadabady S, Akbarian M, Abrari K, Vafaee F, Rajabian A. Folic acid attenuated learning and memory impairment via inhibition of oxidative damage and acetylcholinesterase activity in hypothyroid rats. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:2393-2403. [PMID: 34562187 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00815-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hypothyroidism has been reported to be associated with cognitive decline. Considering the role of folic acid (FA) in cognitive performance, the present study was designed to investigate the effects of FA on hypothyroidism-induced cognitive impairment, oxidative damage, and alterations in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in rat model of propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroidism. In this study, PTU (0.05% in drinking water) and FA (5, 10, and 15 mg/kg, oral gavage) were administered for the rats during 7 weeks. Then, behavioral performance was tested using Morris water maze (MWM) and passive avoidance (PA) tasks. Finally, oxidative stress indicators and AChE activity were assayed in the brain tissues. The impairing effect of hypothyroidism on cognitive performance was markedly alleviated by FA especially at higher doses. In the MWM test, FA reduced escape latency and travelled distance, compared to the non-treated hypothyroid group. In the PA test, latency to enter dark chamber was significantly enhanced by FA compared to the non-treated hypothyroid group (p < 0.05-p < 0.001). Besides, FA attenuated AChE activity and malondialdehyde level but it increased activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme and total thiol content (p < 0.05-p < 0.001). In conclusion, our findings revealed that FA could improve learning and memory ability in hypothyroid rats. The observed protective effects may have been mediated through regulation of oxidative stress and AChE activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabiheh Amirahmadi
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Somaieh Ahmadabady
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahsan Akbarian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Farzaneh Vafaee
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Arezoo Rajabian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Ryad NM, Ramadan ES, Salem NY, Saleh IAES. Oxidative biomarkers and lipid alterations in euthyroid and hypothyroid dogs. COMPARATIVE CLINICAL PATHOLOGY 2021; 30:571-576. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-021-03219-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Gomaa RS, Mahmoud NM, Mohammed NA. Octreotide (somatostatin analog) attenuates cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury via activating nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in rat model of hyperthyroidism. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00127-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hyperthyroidism is known to increase the risk of ischemic heart diseases. Octreotide has been reported to attenuate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Whether it is useful when ischemic heart disease is accompanied with co-morbidities like hyperthyroidism needs more clarifying. So, this study aimed to explore the effect of octreotide on cardiac I/R injury in hyperthyroid rats and to clarify if Nrf2 activation is involved in this effect. Forty adult female Wistar rats were subdivided into control (euthyroid) (n = 10) and hyperthyroid (n = 30) groups. Rats in hyperthyroid group received l-thyroxine (12 mg/L) in drinking water for 35 days, then were randomly divided into three equal subgroups (n = 10): hyperthyroid control positive group, hyperthyroid octreotide treated group, and hyperthyroid octreotide + Nrf2 inhibitor (brusatol) treated group. Isolated hearts were submitted to I/R and evaluated for cardiac hemodynamics and infarct size. Serum T3 and T4, coronary efflux lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-myoglobin binding (CK-MB) and cardiac tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated. Nrf2- regulated gene expressions of HO-1, SOD, GPx, and catalase were assessed.
Results
Octreotide administration to hyperthyroid rats improved baseline and post-ischemic recovery of cardiac hemodynamics, decreased the high coronary efflux LDH and CK-MB and tissue MDA, reduced infarction size, and upregulated the decreased antioxidative enzymes HO-1, SOD, GPx, and catalase mRNA expressions in the hyperthyroid I/R rat hearts. The Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol reversed the cardioprotective effect of octreotide in hyperthyroid I/R rat hearts.
Conclusion
Octreotide can reduce oxidative stress to effectively alleviate I/R injury in the hyperthyroid rat hearts through upregulation of Nrf2-dependent antioxidative signaling pathways.
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Ruggeri RM, CampennÌ A, Giuffrida G, Casciaro M, Barbalace MC, Hrelia S, Trimarchi F, CannavÒ S, Gangemi S. Oxidative stress as a key feature of autoimmune thyroiditis: an update. MINERVA ENDOCRINOL 2020; 45:326-344. [PMID: 32969631 DOI: 10.23736/s0391-1977.20.03268-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress has been proposed as one of the factors concurring in the pathophysiology of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Reactive oxygen species are the main expression of oxidative stress in biological systems, and their production can overcome antioxidant defenses ultimately leading to cell damage, apoptosis, and death. The present review was aimed at describing the state of the art of the relationships between oxidative stress and autoimmune thyroiditis. The most used biomarkers of oxidative stress and their correlation with thyroid function are reported. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We conducted a search of the literature in the English language starting from 2000, using the following search terms: "Hashimoto thyroiditis," "autoimmune thyroiditis," "hypothyroidism," "hyperthyroidism," "oxidative stress," "oxidants," "antioxidant," "advanced glycation end products." Both clinical studies and animal models were evaluated. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Data form clinical studies clearly indicate that the balance between oxidants and antioxidants is shifted towards the oxidative side in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis, suggesting that oxidative stress may be a key event in the pathophysiology of the disease, irrespective of thyroid function. Studies in animal models, such as the NOD.H2h4 mouse, confirm that thyroidal accumulation of ROS plays a role in the initiation and progression of autoimmune thyroiditis. CONCLUSIONS Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance represent a key feature of thyroid autoimmunity. Oxidative stress parameters could be used as biochemical markers of chronic inflammation, to better predict the disease evolution along its natural history. Dietary habits and antioxidant supplements may provide protection from autoimmunity, opening new perspectives in the development of more tailored therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria M Ruggeri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gaetano Martino University Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy - .,Unit of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy -
| | - Alfredo CampennÌ
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giuffrida
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gaetano Martino University Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Casciaro
- Unit of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria C Barbalace
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore CannavÒ
- Unit of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Department of Human Pathology DETEV, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Unit of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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13
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Wändell P, Carlsson AC, Li X, Sundquist J, Sundquist K. Levothyroxine treatment is associated with an increased relative risk of overall and organ specific incident cancers - a cohort study of the Swedish population. Cancer Epidemiol 2020; 66:101707. [PMID: 32222650 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2020.101707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
High thyroid hormone values have been associated with an increased risk of incident cancers, especially breast cancer but also lung cancer and any solid cancers. We explored whether there is an increased risk of overall and cause-specific cancers in those receiving levothyroxine treatment. We included all individuals ≥ 18 years in Sweden (N = 8,573,313) on January 1 2009, and identified patients with two or more dispensed prescriptions of levothyroxine 2005-2006 (n = 253,193, 3.0 %). A cancer diagnosis in the Swedish Cancer Register 2009-2015 was used as outcome. We excluded patients with a cancer diagnosis before 2005. Cox regression was used (hazard ratios, HRs, and 95 % confidence intervals, CI) with adjustments for age, socioeconomic/neighborhood factors and co-morbidities. Totally 399,751 cases of incident cancer were identified, with a slight increased overall risk associated with levothyroxine treatment for both men, adjusted HR 1.06 (95 % CI 1.03-1.10), and women, adjusted HR 1.08 (95 % CI 1.07-1.10). For men, increased risks were found for cancers of the thyroid gland and other endocrine glands. For women, increased risks were found for cancers of the breast, endometrium, other female genitals (ovaries not included), stomach, colon, liver, pancreas, urinary bladder, skin, leukemia, and unspecified primary tumor. Unlike men, for women, no increased risk was found for cancer of the thyroid gland. In conclusions, levothyroxine treatment was associated with an excess cancer risk, including many different types of cancer, especially among women. Our results need confirmation by other studies, but levothyroxine is recommended to be prescribed only on approved indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Wändell
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Axel C Carlsson
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Academic Primary Health Care Centre, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xinjun Li
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Japan
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Japan
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14
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Wändell P, Carlsson AC, Sundquist J, Sundquist K. Effect of Levothyroxine Treatment on Incident Dementia in Adults with Atrial Fibrillation and Hypothyroidism. Clin Drug Investig 2019; 39:187-195. [PMID: 30552650 PMCID: PMC6394624 DOI: 10.1007/s40261-018-0740-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective The possible adverse or positive effects of levothyroxine treatment among patients with atrial fibrillation have been debated. Atrial fibrillation, levothyroxine treatment, and dementia are common among older adults, yet little is known about the effects of levothyroxine on the development of dementia. Methods The study population included all adults (n = 12,057) aged ≥ 45 years with a diagnosis of atrial fibrillation at 75 primary care centers in Sweden during 2001–2007 without an earlier recorded dementia diagnosis. Patients with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism and levothyroxine prescription (n = 756; 180 men and 576 women), or with a prescription without this diagnosis (n = 415, 100 men and 315 women), were compared to patients without a diagnosis and prescription (n = 10,886). Cox regression was performed, with hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals, with outcome defined as dementia of all causes until 31 December, 2010. Results During a mean 5.7 years (standard deviation 2.4 years) of follow-up, a total of 749 patients with atrial fibrillation (6.2%) were diagnosed with dementia. Women with hypothyroidism and a levothyroxine prescription showed lower hazard ratios (0.61; 0.41–0.90) in adjusted Cox regression models (age, socioeconomic factors, co-morbidity, and warfarin treatment). Levothyroxine prescription without hypothyroidism was non-significant. Conclusions We found that women with atrial fibrillation with levothyroxine treatment and hypothyroidism have a lower risk of incident dementia than women with atrial fibrillation without levothyroxine treatment and no hypothyroidism. The results should be confirmed in larger studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s40261-018-0740-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Wändell
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Alfred Nobels Allé 23, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Axel C Carlsson
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Alfred Nobels Allé 23, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
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