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Garolla A, Graziani A, Grande G, Ortolani C, Ferlin A. HPV-related diseases in male patients: an underestimated conundrum. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:261-274. [PMID: 37770654 PMCID: PMC10859347 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02192-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted disease, in males and females worldwide. While the role of HPV in female diseases is well known and largely studied, males have negligibly been included in these programs, also because the proportion of women suffering and dying from HPV-related diseases is much larger than men. The aim of this review is to focus on HPV-related diseases in male patients. METHODS We performed a literature analysis on the electronic database PubMed. We considered randomized trials, observational and retrospective studies, original articles having as topic the relationship between HPV male infection and the following items: oral, anal penile cancers, warts, condylomas, male infertility, altered sperm parameters, anti-sperm antibodies (ASA). We also included experimental in vitro studies focused on the effects of HPV infection on oocyte fertilization, blastocyst development, and trophoblastic cell invasiveness. In addition, studies describing the adjuvant administration of the HPV vaccination as a possible strategy to promote HPV clearance from semen in infected males were included. RESULTS Regarding head and neck HPV-related diseases, the most important non-neoplastic disease is recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). Regarding neoplastic diseases, the proportion of head and neck cancers attributable to HPV has increased dramatically worldwide. In addition, nowadays, it is thought that half of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) cases in the United States are caused by infection with high-risk HPV. HPV is noteworthy in andrological practice too. It was described as having a high HPV prevalence, ranging between 50 and 70%, in male penile shaft, glans penis/coronal sulcus, semen as well as in scrotal, perianal, and anal regions. Moreover, in male patients, HPV infection has been associated, among other diseases, with penile cancers. HPV semen infection has been reported in about 10% in men from the general population and about 16% in men with unexplained infertility, although these data seem widely underestimated according to clinical experience. In particular, HPV semen infection seems to be most related to asthenozoospermia and to anti-sperm antibodies (ASAs). CONCLUSIONS HPV infection represents a health problem with a detrimental social and public impact. Despite this evidence, little has been done to date to widely promote vaccination among young males.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Garolla
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
| | - A Graziani
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - G Grande
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - C Ortolani
- Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A Ferlin
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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Paul A, Danjou AMN, Deygas F, Guth M, Coste A, Lefevre M, Dananché B, Kromhout H, Spinosi J, Béranger R, Pérol O, Boyle H, Hersant C, Loup-Cabaniols V, Veau S, Bujan L, Olsson A, Schüz J, Fervers B, Charbotel B. Parental occupations at birth and risk of adult testicular germ cell tumors in offspring: a French nationwide case-control study. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1303998. [PMID: 38292387 PMCID: PMC10825020 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1303998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) are the most frequent cancer in young men in developed countries. Parental occupational exposures during early-life periods are suspected to increase TGCT risk. The objective was to estimate the association between parental occupations at birth and adult TGCT. Methods A case-control study was conducted, including 454 TGCT cases aged 18-45 from 20 French university hospitals, matched to 670 controls based on region and year of birth. Data collected from participants included parental jobs at birth coded according to the International Standard Classification of Occupation-1968 and the French nomenclature of activities-1999. Odds ratios (OR) for TGCT and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression, adjusting for TGCT risk factors. Results Paternal jobs at birth as service workers (OR = 1.98, CI 1.18-3.30), protective service workers (OR = 2.40, CI 1.20-4.81), transport equipment operators (OR = 1.96, CI 1.14-3.37), specialized farmers (OR = 2.66, CI 1.03-6.90), and maternal jobs as secondary education teachers (OR = 2.27, CI 1.09-4.76) or in secondary education (OR = 2.35, CI 1.13-4.88) were significantly associated with adult TGCT. The risk of seminoma was increased for the above-mentioned paternal jobs and that of non-seminomas for public administration and defence; compulsory social security (OR = 1.99, CI 1.09-3.65); general, economic, and social administration (OR = 3.21, CI 1.23-8.39) for fathers; and secondary education teacher (OR = 4.67, CI 1.87-11.67) and secondary education (OR = 3.50, CI 1.36-9.01) for mothers. Conclusion Some paternal jobs, such as service workers, transport equipment operators, or specialized farmers, and maternal jobs in secondary education seem to be associated with an increased risk of TGCT with specific features depending on the histological type. These data allow hypotheses to be put forward for further studies as to the involvement of occupational exposures in the risk of developing TGCT, such as exposure to pesticides, solvents, or heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adèle Paul
- UMRESTTE (Epidemiological Research and Surveillance Unit in Transport, Occupation and Environment), Lyon 1 University, Eiffel University, Lyon, France
- Department of Occupational Health, AMEBAT, Nantes, France
| | - Aurélie M. N. Danjou
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Floriane Deygas
- UMRESTTE (Epidemiological Research and Surveillance Unit in Transport, Occupation and Environment), Lyon 1 University, Eiffel University, Lyon, France
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Margot Guth
- UMRESTTE (Epidemiological Research and Surveillance Unit in Transport, Occupation and Environment), Lyon 1 University, Eiffel University, Lyon, France
| | - Astrid Coste
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Marie Lefevre
- UMRESTTE (Epidemiological Research and Surveillance Unit in Transport, Occupation and Environment), Lyon 1 University, Eiffel University, Lyon, France
| | - Brigitte Dananché
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute or Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Johan Spinosi
- UMRESTTE (Epidemiological Research and Surveillance Unit in Transport, Occupation and Environment), Lyon 1 University, Eiffel University, Lyon, France
- Direction Santé Travail, Santé Public France, Saint Maurice, France
| | - Rémi Béranger
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), Rennes, France
| | - Olivia Pérol
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Helen Boyle
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | - Vanessa Loup-Cabaniols
- Department of Reproductive Biology, CECOS, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ségolène Veau
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Biology, CECOS, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Louis Bujan
- DEFE (Développement Embryonnaire, Fertilité, Environnement) INSERM 1202 Universités Montpellier et Toulouse 3, CECOS Hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Fédération Française des CECOS, Paris, France
| | - Ann Olsson
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Béatrice Fervers
- Département Prévention, Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Inserm UA1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, Lyon, France
| | - Barbara Charbotel
- UMRESTTE (Epidemiological Research and Surveillance Unit in Transport, Occupation and Environment), Lyon 1 University, Eiffel University, Lyon, France
- CRPPE Lyon (Centre Régional de Pathologies Professionnelles et Environnementales), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Yazici S, Del Biondo D, Napodano G, Grillo M, Calace FP, Prezioso D, Crocetto F, Barone B. Risk Factors for Testicular Cancer: Environment, Genes and Infections-Is It All? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59040724. [PMID: 37109682 PMCID: PMC10145700 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of testicular cancer is steadily increasing over the past several decades in different developed countries. If on one side better diagnosis and treatment have shone a light on this disease, on the other side, differently from other malignant diseases, few risk factors have been identified. The reasons for the increase in testicular cancer are however unknown while risk factors are still poorly understood. Several studies have suggested that exposure to various factors in adolescence as well as in adulthood could be linked to the development of testicular cancer. Nevertheless, the role of environment, infections, and occupational exposure are undoubtedly associated with an increase or a decrease in this risk. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the most recent evidence regarding the risk factors associated with testicular cancer, starting from the most commonly evaluated (cryptorchidism, family history, infections) to the newer identified and hypothesized risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sertac Yazici
- Department of Urology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06230 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dario Del Biondo
- Department of Urology, ASL NA1 Centro Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgio Napodano
- Department of Urology, ASL NA1 Centro Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Grillo
- Department of Urology, ASL NA1 Centro Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Calace
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Prezioso
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Biagio Barone
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
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4
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Inflammation in Urological Malignancies: The Silent Killer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010866. [PMID: 36614308 PMCID: PMC9821648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have investigated the role of inflammation in promoting tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Neoplastic as well as surrounding stromal and inflammatory cells engage in well-orchestrated reciprocal interactions to establish an inflammatory tumor microenvironment. The tumor-associated inflammatory tissue is highly plastic, capable of continuously modifying its phenotypic and functional characteristics. Accumulating evidence suggests that chronic inflammation plays a critical role in the development of urological cancers. Here, we review the origins of inflammation in urothelial, prostatic, renal, testicular, and penile cancers, focusing on the mechanisms that drive tumor initiation, growth, progression, and metastasis. We also discuss how tumor-associated inflammatory tissue may be a diagnostic marker of clinically significant tumor progression risk and the target for future anti-cancer therapies.
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5
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Does Vaccination Protect against Human Papillomavirus-Related Cancers? Preliminary Findings from the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2018). Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122113. [PMID: 36560523 PMCID: PMC9781459 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Most oropharyngeal and anogenital cancers are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). Although HPV vaccines showed high efficacy against oropharyngeal and anogenital HPV infections, and cancer precursors in randomized clinical trials, there are limited data on the effectiveness of HPV vaccination against HPV-related cancers. We aimed to evaluate the association of HPV vaccination with HPV-related cancers among a nationally representative sample of United States adults, aged 20-59 years. In a cross-sectional study combining four cycles from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, from 2011 through 2018, we used a survey-weighted logistic regression model, propensity score matching and multiple imputations by chained equations to explore the association of HPV vaccination with HPV-related cancers. Among 9891 participants, we did not find an association of HPV vaccination with HPV-related cancers (adjusted OR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.19; 1.75). Despite no statistically significant association between HPV vaccination and HPV-related cancers, our study findings suggest that HPV-vaccinated adults might have lower odds of developing HPV-related cancers than those who were not vaccinated. Given the importance of determining the impact of vaccination on HPV-related cancers, there is a need to conduct future research by linking cancer registry data with vaccination records, to obtain more robust results.
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6
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Hengy M, Hinge A, Purtell JP, Shango K, Collins J. Metastatic Testicular Seminoma in a Patient With Down Syndrome Presenting As Extensive Deep Venous Thrombosis. Cureus 2022; 14:e29037. [PMID: 36237752 PMCID: PMC9552953 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular cancer, particularly seminoma, is associated with Down syndrome. In cognitively impaired patients, the typical presenting signs of testicular cancer may be missed, and atypical presenting features may be the only clue to the diagnosis. In this report, we present the case of a 38-year-old male who presented with extensive deep vein thrombosis in the setting of seminoma.
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7
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Kristiansen MF, Mikkelsen RM, Kristiansdóttir T, Rasmussen P, Andórsdóttir G, Hansen SÓ, Nielsen KR, á Steig B, Strøm M, Petersen MS. Cancer in the Faroe Islands from 1960-2019 - incidence, mortality, and comparisons with the other Nordic countries. Acta Oncol 2022; 61:907-915. [PMID: 35657096 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2022.2082885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: In this paper, we present age-standardized cancer incidence and mortality rates in the Faroe Islands. We also compare with the Nordic rates and show incidence rate ratios (IRR) and mortality rate ratios (MRR).Materials and methods: The Faroese cancer registry (FCR) was established in 1994, with incidence available from 1960 and mortality from 1983. The FCR is a part of the NORDCAN collaboration, where the different Nordic countries all report anonymized cancer data by standardized methods, ensuring comparability. Validation efforts revealed that 13% of cases had not been reported to the FCR from 2006 to 2019, emphasizing the need for continued validation efforts of cancer registries. After validation, we submitted the updated cancer cases to NORDCAN and now present this data, taken directly from the NORDCAN website (2019 data).Results: We found that the incidence of the summary group all cancers in the Faroe Islands increased from 1960 to 2019, while cancer mortality decreased from 1983 to 2019. Comparisons with Nordic rates showed significantly lower IRRs for cancer in all cancers, bladder and urinary tract, and skin cancer for both sexes, while IRR was lower for breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in men. Contrary, IRR was higher for rectum and kidney cancer in women and esophagus and testicular cancer in men. There was an increased MRR for cancer in female organs, bladder and urinary tract, and kidney cancer in women, and esophagus and pancreas cancer in men. In contrast, malignant hematopoietic diseases and melanoma in women had a lower MRR.Conclusions: Cancer incidence in the Faroe Islands was lower than in the other Nordic countries. Of particular interest, the incidence of testicular cancer saw a steep increase during the last 20 years, and an investigation into possible causes for this is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marnar F. Kristiansen
- Center of Health Science, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
- Medical Department, National Hospital of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
- The Faroese Cancer Registry, Faroe Islands Hospital Service, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Ronja M. Mikkelsen
- Medical Department, National Hospital of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | | | - Páll Rasmussen
- The Faroese Cancer Registry, Faroe Islands Hospital Service, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | | | - Sæunn Ó. Hansen
- The Faroese Cancer Registry, Faroe Islands Hospital Service, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Kári R. Nielsen
- Medical Department, National Hospital of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Bjarni á Steig
- Medical Department, National Hospital of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
- The Faroese Cancer Registry, Faroe Islands Hospital Service, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
- Genetic Biobank of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Marin Strøm
- Center of Health Science, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
- Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Skaalum Petersen
- Center of Health Science, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
- Department of Occupational and Public Health, Faroe Islands Hospital System, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
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8
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Goebel H, Koeditz B, Huerta M, Kameri E, Nestler T, Kamphausen T, Friemann J, Hamdorf M, Ohrmann T, Koehler P, Cornely OA, Montesinos-Rongen M, Nicol D, Schorle H, Boor P, Quaas A, Pallasch C, Heidenreich A, von Brandenstein M. COVID-19 Infection Induce miR-371a-3p Upregulation Resulting in Influence on Male Fertility. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040858. [PMID: 35453608 PMCID: PMC9033010 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In December 2019, the first case of COVID-19 was reported and since then several groups have already published that the virus can be present in the testis. To study the influence of SARS-CoV-2 which cause a dysregulation of the androgen receptor (AR) level, thereby leading to fertility problems and inducing germ cell testicular changes in patients after the infection. Formalin-Fixed-Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) testicular samples from patients who died with or as a result of COVID-19 (n = 32) with controls (n = 6), inflammatory changes (n = 9), seminoma with/without metastasis (n = 11) compared with healthy biopsy samples (n = 3) were analyzed and compared via qRT-PCR for the expression of miR-371a-3p. An immunohistochemical analysis (IHC) and ELISA were performed in order to highlight the miR-371a-3p targeting the AR. Serum samples of patients with mild or severe COVID-19 symptoms (n = 34) were analyzed for miR-371a-3p expression. In 70% of the analyzed postmortem testicular tissue samples, a significant upregulation of the miR-371a-3p was detected, and 75% of the samples showed a reduced spermatogenesis. In serum samples, the upregulation of the miR-371a-3p was also detectable. The upregulation of the miR-371a-3p is responsible for the downregulation of the AR in SARS-CoV-2-positive patients, resulting in decreased spermatogenesis. Since the dysregulation of the AR is associated with infertility, further studies have to confirm if the identified dysregulation is regressive after a declining infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Goebel
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (H.G.); (A.Q.)
| | - Barbara Koeditz
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Urology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (B.K.); (M.H.); (E.K.); (T.N.); (T.O.); (A.H.)
| | - Manuel Huerta
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Urology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (B.K.); (M.H.); (E.K.); (T.N.); (T.O.); (A.H.)
| | - Ersen Kameri
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Urology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (B.K.); (M.H.); (E.K.); (T.N.); (T.O.); (A.H.)
| | - Tim Nestler
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Urology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (B.K.); (M.H.); (E.K.); (T.N.); (T.O.); (A.H.)
| | - Thomas Kamphausen
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Melatengürtel 60/62, 50823 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Johannes Friemann
- Klinikum Lüdenscheid, Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Paulmannshöher Straße 14, 58515 Lüdenscheid, Germany;
| | - Matthias Hamdorf
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany;
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Timo Ohrmann
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Urology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (B.K.); (M.H.); (E.K.); (T.N.); (T.O.); (A.H.)
| | - Philipp Koehler
- Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (P.K.); (O.A.C.); (C.P.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Chair Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver A. Cornely
- Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (P.K.); (O.A.C.); (C.P.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Chair Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Clinical Trials Centre Cologne (ZKS Köln), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50935 Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Manuel Montesinos-Rongen
- Department of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany;
| | - David Nicol
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 6JJ, UK;
| | - Hubert Schorle
- Department of Developmental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Bonn Clinics, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Peter Boor
- Department of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (H.G.); (A.Q.)
| | - Christian Pallasch
- Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (P.K.); (O.A.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Axel Heidenreich
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Urology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (B.K.); (M.H.); (E.K.); (T.N.); (T.O.); (A.H.)
- Department of Urology, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie von Brandenstein
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Urology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (B.K.); (M.H.); (E.K.); (T.N.); (T.O.); (A.H.)
- Correspondence:
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Berglund A, Muenyi C, Siegel EM, Ajidahun A, Eschrich SA, Wong D, Hendrick LE, Putney RM, Kim S, Hayes DN, Shibata D. Characterization of Epigenomic Alterations in HPV16+ Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:858-869. [PMID: 35064062 PMCID: PMC8983563 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic changes associated with human papillomavirus (HPV)-driven tumors have been described; however, HPV type-specific alterations are less well understood. We sought to compare HPV16-specific methylation changes with those in virus-unassociated head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). METHODS Within The Cancer Genome Atlas, 59 HPV16+ HNSCC, 238 nonviral HNSCC (no detectable HPV or other viruses), and 50 normal head and neck tissues were evaluated. Significant differentially methylated regions (DMR) were selected, and key associated genes were identified. Partial least squares models were generated to predict HPV16 status in additional independent samples. RESULTS HPV infection in HNSCC is associated with type-specific methylomic profiles. Multiple significant DMRs were identified between HPV16+, nonviral, and normal samples. The most significant differentially methylated genes, SYCP2, MSX2, HLTF, PITX2, and GRAMD4, demonstrated HPV16-associated methylation patterns with corresponding alterations in gene expression. Phylogenetically related HPV types (alpha-9 species; HPV31, HPV33, and HPV35) demonstrated a similar methylation profile to that of HPV16 but differed from those seen in other types, such as HPV18 and 45 (alpha-7). CONCLUSIONS HNSCC linked to HPV16 and types from the same alpha species are associated with a distinct methylation profile. This HPV16-associated methylation pattern is also detected in cervical cancer and testicular germ cell tumors. We present insights into both shared and unique methylation alterations associated with HPV16+ tumors and may have implications for understanding the clinical behavior of HPV-associated HNSCC. IMPACT HPV type-specific methylomic changes may contribute to understanding biologic mechanisms underlying differences in clinical behavior among different HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Berglund
- Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Clarisse Muenyi
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Erin M Siegel
- Departments of Cancer Epidemiology , H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Abidemi Ajidahun
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Steven A. Eschrich
- Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Denise Wong
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Leah E. Hendrick
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ryan M. Putney
- Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sungjune Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - D. Neil Hayes
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN, USA
| | - David Shibata
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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10
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Wu Y, Zhang X, Wang Z, Xia X. Can We Cryopreserve the Sperm of COVID-19 Patients During the Pandemic? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:753267. [PMID: 35712235 PMCID: PMC9197193 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.753267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
An extreme strain has been placed on healthcare facilities in the COVID-19 era. Initial stage of the pandemic, national and international societies for reproductive medicine suggested the suspension of new IVF treatments and non-essential cryopreservation of gametes. Accordingly, the demands of cryopreservation of semen with COVID-19 patients also was suspended by some of cryobanks to protect staff and patients from unnecessary viral exposure at the acute stage. However, the pandemic may stay with us longer than expected. In addition, there will be some male COVID-19 patients with cancer or critically illness who needs to cryopreserve their semen before medical treatments, otherwise they might loss the chance of getting their own offspring. In this document, we summarize available evidence to deepen and expand awareness of feasibility of sperm cryopreservation and propose some suggestions to help cryobanks carry out sperm preservation procedure for COVID-19 male patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Wu
- Human sperm bank, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhang
- COVID‐19 Research Center, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Human sperm bank, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xinyi Xia
- COVID‐19 Research Center, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Xinyi Xia,
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11
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Bachmann J, Le Thi G, Brückner A, Kalteis AL, Schwerd T, Koletzko S, Lurz E. Epstein-Barr Virus Prevalence at Diagnosis and Seroconversion during Follow-Up in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10215187. [PMID: 34768707 PMCID: PMC8584287 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10215187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary Epstein-Barr virus infection in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease during immunomodulation with thiopurines has been associated with increased risk for malignancies or hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. We determined Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) seroprevalence at inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnosis and seroconversion during follow-up in a large single center cohort of children with IBD. EBV serology results and patient characteristics were retrospectively retrieved from the hospital documentation system. EBV seronegative patients at IBD diagnosis were prospectively retested. We report on IBD patients with symptomatic active EBV infection and a complicated disease course, and those diagnosed with malignancy with respect to EBV status and drug exposure. Of 402 patients, 194 (48%) had available EBV serology results at time of IBD diagnosis at a median of 12 years (IQR 9-14 years). Thereof, 102 (53%) were EBV-positive. Of 92 EBV-negative patients, 66 were retested and 17% showed a seroconversion at a mean follow-up time of 4.3 years (SD 3 years). Three children treated with azathioprine experienced acute clinically relevant EBV infection 2, 2.5, and 4 years after IBD diagnosis, two developed signs of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Three cases of malignancy occurred in the cohort, though none seemed to be triggered by EBV. In conclusion, almost 50% of pediatric IBD patients were EBV-naïve following diagnosis and may be at increased risk to develop severe EBV infection during immunosuppressive therapy, potentially associated with complications such as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis or malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Bachmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.B.); (G.L.T.); (A.B.); (T.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Giang Le Thi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.B.); (G.L.T.); (A.B.); (T.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Annecarin Brückner
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.B.); (G.L.T.); (A.B.); (T.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Anna-Lena Kalteis
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute & Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany;
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Tobias Schwerd
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.B.); (G.L.T.); (A.B.); (T.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Sibylle Koletzko
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.B.); (G.L.T.); (A.B.); (T.S.); (S.K.)
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Eberhard Lurz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.B.); (G.L.T.); (A.B.); (T.S.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-4400-519060
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12
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Crocetto F, Arcaniolo D, Napolitano L, Barone B, La Rocca R, Capece M, Caputo VF, Imbimbo C, De Sio M, Calace FP, Manfredi C. Impact of Sexual Activity on the Risk of Male Genital Tumors: A Systematic Review of the Literature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168500. [PMID: 34444249 PMCID: PMC8392571 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Most cancers are related to lifestyle and environmental risk factors, including smoking, alcohol consumption, dietary habits, and environment (occupational exposures). A growing interest in the association between sexual activity (SA) and the development of different types of tumors in both men and women has been recorded in recent years. The aim of the present systematic review is to describe and critically discuss the current evidence regarding the association between SA and male genital cancers (prostatic, penile, and testicular), and to analyze the different theories and biological mechanisms reported in the literature. A comprehensive bibliographic search in the MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was performed in July 2021. Papers in the English language without chronological restrictions were selected. Retrospective and prospective primary clinical studies, in addition to previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses, were included. A total of 19 studies, including 953,704 patients were selected. Case reports, conference abstracts, and editorial comments were excluded. Men with more than 20 sexual partners in their lifetime, and those reporting more than 21 ejaculations per month, reported a decreased risk of overall and less aggressive prostate cancer (PCa). About 40% of penile cancers (PCs) were HPV-associated, with HPV 16 being the dominant genotype. Data regarding the risk of HPV in circumcised patients are conflicting, although circumcision appears to have a protective role against PC. Viral infections and epididymo-orchitis are among the main sex-related risk factors studied for testicular cancer (TC); however, data in the literature are limited. Testicular trauma can allow the identification of pre-existing TC. SA is closely associated with the development of PC through high-risk HPV transmission; in this context, phimosis appears to be a favoring factor. Sexual behaviors appear to play a significant role in PCa pathogenesis, probably through inflammatory mechanisms; however, protective sexual habits have also been described. A direct correlation between SA and TC has not yet been proven, although infections remain the most studied sex-related factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felice Crocetto
- Urology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.B.); (R.L.R.); (M.C.); (V.F.C.); (C.I.); (F.P.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Davide Arcaniolo
- Urology Unit, Department of Woman Child and of General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (D.A.); (M.D.S.)
| | - Luigi Napolitano
- Urology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.B.); (R.L.R.); (M.C.); (V.F.C.); (C.I.); (F.P.C.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Biagio Barone
- Urology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.B.); (R.L.R.); (M.C.); (V.F.C.); (C.I.); (F.P.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Roberto La Rocca
- Urology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.B.); (R.L.R.); (M.C.); (V.F.C.); (C.I.); (F.P.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Marco Capece
- Urology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.B.); (R.L.R.); (M.C.); (V.F.C.); (C.I.); (F.P.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Francesco Caputo
- Urology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.B.); (R.L.R.); (M.C.); (V.F.C.); (C.I.); (F.P.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Ciro Imbimbo
- Urology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.B.); (R.L.R.); (M.C.); (V.F.C.); (C.I.); (F.P.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Marco De Sio
- Urology Unit, Department of Woman Child and of General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (D.A.); (M.D.S.)
| | - Francesco Paolo Calace
- Urology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.B.); (R.L.R.); (M.C.); (V.F.C.); (C.I.); (F.P.C.); (C.M.)
- Urology Unit, Department of Woman Child and of General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (D.A.); (M.D.S.)
| | - Celeste Manfredi
- Urology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.B.); (R.L.R.); (M.C.); (V.F.C.); (C.I.); (F.P.C.); (C.M.)
- Urology Unit, Department of Woman Child and of General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (D.A.); (M.D.S.)
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13
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Hall C, Hansen J, Olsen J, He D, von Ehrenstein OS, Ritz B, Heck JE. Parental occupation and childhood germ cell tumors: a case-control study in Denmark, 1968-2016. Cancer Causes Control 2021; 32:827-836. [PMID: 33907877 PMCID: PMC8236473 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-021-01434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine associations between parental occupation and childhood germ cell tumors (GCTs) in offspring while distinguishing by common histologic subtype (i.e., yolk sac tumor and teratoma). METHODS This population-based case-control study included childhood GCT cases in Denmark diagnosed 1968-2015 (< 16 years old at diagnosis) and sex and birth year-matched controls. Demographic information and parental employment histories were obtained from Danish registries. Parental occupation was assessed by industry; job-exposure matrices were used to examine specific occupational exposures (i.e., potentially carcinogenic organic solvents and social contact). Conditional multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Overall, 178 childhood GCT cases (50 yolk sac tumors; 65 teratomas) and 4,355 controls were included for analysis. Maternal employment in education during pregnancy was associated with offspring GCTs (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.23-4.90), especially yolk sac tumors (OR 5.27, 95% CI 1.94-14.28). High levels of both maternal and paternal occupational social contact were also associated with offspring yolk sac tumors across all exposure periods (ORs 2.30-4.63). No signals were observed for paternal occupational solvent exposure, while imprecise associations were estimated for maternal exposure (e.g., dichloromethane exposure during pregnancy, OR 1.51, 95% CI 0.77-2.95). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that parental occupation is associated with offspring GCTs, with most consistent evidence supporting an association between maternal employment in education or other high social contact jobs and offspring yolk sac tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clinton Hall
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Johnni Hansen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørn Olsen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Di He
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ondine S von Ehrenstein
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julia E Heck
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- College of Health and Public Service, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.
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14
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Kryst P, Poletajew S, Wyczałkowska-Tomasik A, Gonczar S, Wysocki M, Kapuścińska R, Krajewski W, Zgliczyński W, Pączek L. Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Adenovirus Viremia in Renal Tumors Is Associated with Histological Features of Malignancy. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9103195. [PMID: 33023077 PMCID: PMC7601937 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is growing evidence that viral infections may impact the risk and clinical course of malignancies, including solid tumors. The aim of this study was to assess the possible association of selected chronic/latent viral infections with the clinical course of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods: In this prospective study we enrolled 27 patients undergoing partial or radical nephrectomy due to the histologically confirmed RCC and followed them up for one year post-operation. Isolation of the nucleic acids was performed using the NucleoSpin Tissue Kit (Macherey-Nagel, Düren, Germany) from tumor tissue and using the EZ1 Virus Mini Kit v2.0 from plasma. The number of viral copies of human adenovirus (ADV), herpes simplex virus HSV-1 and HSV-2, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), BK virus (BKV) and John Cunningham virus (JCV) in the tissue and plasma was assessed with real-time PCR. Results: Viral infections were diagnosed in ten patients (37.0%), including three ADV cases (11.1%) and eight EBV cases (29.6%). Infected patients tended to be significantly older (71.3 vs. 57.6 years, p < 0.05), more commonly presented with chronic renal disease (OR 2.4, p < 0.05), diabetes (OR 4.2, p < 0.05) and overweight (OR 2.0, p < 0.05). Regarding oncological data, infected patients were found to have a higher rate of high-grade cancers (OR 5.0, p < 0.05) and a higher rate of papillary RCCs (OR 8.3, p < 0.05). Status of viral infections had no influence on the clinical cancer stage, surgical procedure or survival. Conclusions: EBV and ADV infections are common in renal cancer patients and increase the risk of high-grade RCC presence. While there is no significant impact on short term survival, further studies are needed to assess the relevance of these findings in a long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kryst
- Second Department of Urology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Sławomir Poletajew
- Second Department of Urology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-569-0148; Fax: +48-22-569-0150
| | - Aleksandra Wyczałkowska-Tomasik
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.-T.); (L.P.)
| | - Stefan Gonczar
- Second Department of Urology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Maciej Wysocki
- Department of Pathology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Renata Kapuścińska
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland; (R.K.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wojciech Krajewski
- Department of Urology and Oncological Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Zgliczyński
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland; (R.K.); (W.Z.)
| | - Leszek Pączek
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.-T.); (L.P.)
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15
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de Melo AC. Editorial Comment: Effects of testicular dysgenesis syndrome componentes on testicular germ cell tumor prognosis and oncological outcomes. Int Braz J Urol 2020; 46:741-742. [PMID: 32648413 PMCID: PMC7822370 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2019.0387.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Cristina de Melo
- Divisão de Pesquisa Clínica, Instituto Nacional do Câncer do Brasil - INCA, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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16
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Cheah IK, Halliwell B. Could Ergothioneine Aid in the Treatment of Coronavirus Patients? Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E595. [PMID: 32646061 PMCID: PMC7402156 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with SARS-CoV-2 causes the coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19), a pandemic that has, at present, infected more than 11 million people globally. Some COVID-19 patients develop a severe and critical illness, spurred on by excessive inflammation that can lead to respiratory or multiorgan failure. Numerous studies have established the unique array of cytoprotective properties of the dietary amino acid ergothioneine. Based on studies in a range of in vitro and in vivo models, ergothioneine has exhibited the ability to modulate inflammation, scavenge free radicals, protect against acute respiratory distress syndrome, prevent endothelial dysfunction, protect against ischemia and reperfusion injury, protect against neuronal damage, counteract iron dysregulation, hinder lung and liver fibrosis, and mitigate damage to the lungs, kidneys, liver, gastrointestinal tract, and testis, amongst many others. When compiled, this evidence suggests that ergothioneine has a potential application in the treatment of the underlying pathology of COVID-19. We propose that ergothioneine could be used as a therapeutic to reduce the severity and mortality of COVID-19, especially in the elderly and those with underlying health conditions. This review presents evidence to support that proposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irwin K. Cheah
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore;
- Life Science Institute, Neurobiology Programme, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Barry Halliwell
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore;
- Life Science Institute, Neurobiology Programme, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
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Yang W, Terry MB. Do Temporal Trends in Cancer Incidence Reveal Organ System Connections for Cancer Etiology? Epidemiology 2020; 31:595-598. [PMID: 32221269 PMCID: PMC7269825 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have reported substantial increases in cancer incidence in young adults under 40 years in the United States. METHODS We applied hierarchical cluster analysis to identify cancer anatomical clustering, for 48 anatomic sites, using incidence trends since 1973 for 25- to 39-year-olds. RESULTS Temporal trends mapped to three major clusters in men involving six organ systems (digestive, endocrine, urinary, blood, respiratory, and male genital) and one cluster in women involving five systems (digestive, endocrine, urinary, female genital, central nervous system). For both men and women, kidney, thyroid, and colorectal cancers consistently clustered for all ages 25-39 and for each 5-year age subgroup. Further, several cancers linked to the endocrine and digestive systems (three in men and six in women) had highly consistent temporal incidence trends. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that there may be organ system connections for cancers of the endocrine and digestive systems; etiologic approaches focused on clusters of cancers rather than individual cancers may prove fruitful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Yang
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
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