Song Y, Kong Y, Xie X, Wang Y, Wang N. Association between precocious puberty and obesity risk in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Front Pediatr 2023;
11:1226933. [PMID:
37635793 PMCID:
PMC10456873 DOI:
10.3389/fped.2023.1226933]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential association between early onset puberty and the risk of different forms of obesity in children.
Methods
The databases PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for relevant studies. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of obesity in precocious puberty were calculated using Stata software 14.0. A fixed-effects model was used if P > 0.1 and I2 ≤ 50%. Otherwise, a random-effects model was used. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger's test.
Result
The pooling analysis showed that precocious puberty in girls was associated with a higher risk of obesity (OR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.76-2.24; I2 = 0.00%, P < 0.001). Girls with a history of precocious puberty were found to have an increased risk of general obesity (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.62-2.55; I2 = 22.2%, P < 0.001), central obesity (OR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.70-2.26; I2 = 0.00%, P < 0.001), and overweight (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.68-2.46; I2 = 5.1%, P < 0.001). The pooled analysis showed that precocious puberty in boys was not associated with an increased risk of obesity (OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 0.86-1.51; I2 = 50.6%, P = 0.369). In boys, the occurrence of precocious puberty was not associated with an elevated risk of general obesity (OR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.40-2.27; I2 = 79.6%, P = 0.922), central obesity (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.96-1.43; I2 = 0.00%, P = 0.125), or overweight (OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.56-1.88; I2 = 74.4%, P = 0.930).
Conclusion
This meta-analysis suggests that the onset of puberty at an early age in girls is associated with an increased risk of obesity, however precocious puberty in boy was not associated with an increased risk of obesity. These findings highlight that precocious puberty should be considered an independent risk factor for obesity in girls.
Systematic Review Registration
CRD42023404479.
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