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Cirqueira F, Figueirêdo LPD, Malafaia G, Rocha TL. Zebrafish neuromast sensory system: Is it an emerging target to assess environmental pollution impacts? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123400. [PMID: 38272167 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Environmental pollution poses risks to ecosystems. Among these risks, one finds neurotoxicity and damage to the lateral line structures of fish, such as the neuromast and its hair cells. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is recommended as model species to be used in ecotoxicological studies and environmental biomonitoring programs aimed at assessing several biomarkers, such as ototoxicity. However, little is known about the history of and knowledge gaps on zebrafish ototoxicity. Thus, the aim of the current study is to review data available in the scientific literature about using zebrafish as animal model to assess neuromast toxicity. It must be done by analyzing the history and publication category, world production, experimental design, developmental stages, chemical classes, neuromasts and hair cell visualization methods, and zebrafish strains. Based on the results, number, survival and fluorescence intensity of neuromasts, and their hair cells, were the parameters oftentimes used to assess ototoxicity in zebrafish. The wild AB strain was the most used one, and it was followed by Tübingen and transgenic strains with GFP markers. DASPEI was the fluorescent dye most often applied as method to visualize neuromasts, and it was followed by Yo-Pro-1 and GFP transgenic lines. Antibiotics, antitumorals, metals, nanoparticles and plant extracts were the most frequent classes of chemicals used in the analyzed studies. Overall, pollutants can harm zebrafish's mechanosensory system, as well as affect their behavior and survival. Results have shown that zebrafish is a suitable model system to assess ototoxicity induced by environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Cirqueira
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Livia Pitombeira de Figueirêdo
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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2
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Horzmann KA, Lin LF, Taslakjian B, Yuan C, Freeman JL. Anxiety-related behavior and associated brain transcriptome and epigenome alterations in adult female zebrafish exposed to atrazine during embryogenesis. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136431. [PMID: 36126741 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine often contaminates drinking water sources, exceeding the maximum contaminant level established by the US Environmental Protection Agency at 3 parts per billion (ppb; μg/L). Atrazine is linked to endocrine disruption, neurotoxicity, and cancer, with delayed health effects observed after developmental exposure in line with the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) hypothesis. To test the hypothesis that embryonic atrazine exposure induces delayed neurotoxicity in adult female zebrafish (Danio rerio), embryos were exposed to 0, 0.3, 3, or 30 ppb atrazine during embryogenesis (1-72 h post fertilization (hpf)) and raised to adults with no additional atrazine exposure. Behavioral outcomes were tested through a novel tank test, light-dark box, and open field test and indicated female zebrafish had more anxious phenotypes at 9 months post fertilization (mpf). Female brain transcriptomic analysis at 9 mpf found altered gene expression pathways related to organismal injury and cancer with beta-estradiol and estrogen receptor as top upstream regulators. These results were compared to 9 mpf male and 6 mpf female groups with the same atrazine embryonic exposures and showed differences in specific genes that were altered, but similarities in top molecular pathways. Molecular pathways associated with behavior were observed only in the 6 mpf transcriptomic profiles, suggesting prediction of observed behavioral outcomes at 9 mpf. The expression of genes associated with serotonin neurotransmission was also evaluated at 14 mpf to determine persistence; however, no significant changes were observed. Brain global methylation in 12 mpf zebrafish observed an increased percent 5 mC in females with embryonic 0.3 ppb atrazine exposure. Finally, the body length, body weight, and brain weight were determined at 14 mpf and were altered in all treatment groups. These results indicate that embryonic atrazine exposure does cause delayed neurotoxicity within the DOHaD framework, which is significant given atrazine's presence and persistence in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine A Horzmann
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn AL, 36849, USA.
| | - Li F Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Boghos Taslakjian
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Chongli Yuan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Jennifer L Freeman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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3
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Azimzadeh O, Moertl S, Ramadan R, Baselet B, Laiakis EC, Sebastian S, Beaton D, Hartikainen JM, Kaiser JC, Beheshti A, Salomaa S, Chauhan V, Hamada N. Application of radiation omics in the development of adverse outcome pathway networks: an example of radiation-induced cardiovascular disease. Int J Radiat Biol 2022; 98:1722-1751. [PMID: 35976069 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2110325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have indicated that exposure of the heart to doses of ionizing radiation as low as 0.5 Gy increases the risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality with a latency period of decades. The damaging effects of radiation to myocardial and endothelial structures and functions have been confirmed radiobiologically at high dose, but much less is known at low dose. Integration of radiation biology and epidemiology data is a recommended approach to improve the radiation risk assessment process. The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework offers a comprehensive tool to compile and translate mechanistic information into pathological endpoints which may be relevant for risk assessment at the different levels of a biological system. Omics technologies enable the generation of large volumes of biological data at various levels of complexity, from molecular pathways to functional organisms. Given the quality and quantity of available data across levels of biology, omics data can be attractive sources of information for use within the AOP framework. It is anticipated that radiation omics studies could improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the adverse effects of radiation on the cardiovascular system. In this review, we explored the available omics studies on radiation-induced cardiovascular disease (CVD) and their applicability to the proposed AOP for CVD. RESULTS The results of 80 omics studies published on radiation-induced CVD over the past 20 years have been discussed in the context of the AOP of CVD proposed by Chauhan et al. Most of the available omics data on radiation-induced CVD are from proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, whereas few datasets were available from epigenomics and multi-omics. The omics data presented here show great promise in providing information for several key events of the proposed AOP of CVD, particularly oxidative stress, alterations of energy metabolism, extracellular matrix and vascular remodeling. CONCLUSIONS The omics data presented here shows promise to inform the various levels of the proposed AOP of CVD. However, the data highlight the urgent need of designing omics studies to address the knowledge gap concerning different radiation scenarios, time after exposure and experimental models. This review presents the evidence to build a qualitative omics-informed AOP and provides views on the potential benefits and challenges in using omics data to assess risk-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Azimzadeh
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), Section Radiation Biology, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Simone Moertl
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), Section Radiation Biology, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Raghda Ramadan
- Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Bjorn Baselet
- Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Evagelia C Laiakis
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | | | | | - Jaana M Hartikainen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, and Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jan Christian Kaiser
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Radiation Medicine (HMGU-IRM), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Afshin Beheshti
- KBR, Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Sisko Salomaa
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vinita Chauhan
- Environmental Health Science Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nobuyuki Hamada
- Biology and Environmental Chemistry Division, Sustainable System Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), Komae, Tokyo 201-8511, Japan
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4
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Arjun P, Freeman JL, Kannan RR. Neurospecific fabrication and toxicity assessment of a PNIPAM nanogel encapsulated with trans-tephrostachin for blood-brain-barrier permeability in zebrafish model. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10237. [PMID: 36042734 PMCID: PMC9420489 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocompatible Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) nanogels (NGs) were developed at 40–65 nm to deliver Trans-Tephrostachin (TT) in zebrafish brain. Neurospecific PNIPAM NGs are functionalized with polysorbate 80 (PS80) to overcome the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). The TT loaded with NG (NG + TT) was confirmed in UV-spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with 90% efficiency of controlled release at 37 °C. The neurospecificity of NG was confirmed in 144 hours post fertilization (hpf) larvae with PS80 surface-treated rhodamine-B (Rh–B) conjugated NG and visualized in the zebrafish CNS. Oral gavaging of TT loaded NG with PS80 surface treatment (NG + TT + PS80) was confirmed to cross the BBB in adult zebrafish at 37 °C. TT release was detected by RP-HPLC. LC50 was determined as 250 μg/ml for NG, 172 μg/ml for NG + TT, and 0.9 μg/ml for TT at 96 hpf and confirmed the lesser toxicity in TT bound NG. Delays in growth and malformations were observed at concentrations above the 96 hpf-LC50. The behavior outcomes were varied with phase - and concentration-dependent hypo- or hyperactivity. The altered expression of genes associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was found at 96 hpf of its LC50 concentration. The expression of appa was significantly increased for TT and supporting the TT to bind NG without altering the AD genes. Thus the study suggests the biocompatible potential of PNIPAM and its neurospecific delivery to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pitchai Arjun
- Neuroscience Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences (CMNS), Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CNSNT), School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, (Deemed to Be University) Jeppiaar Nagar, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India.,School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jennifer L Freeman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Rajaretinam Rajesh Kannan
- Neuroscience Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences (CMNS), Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CNSNT), School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, (Deemed to Be University) Jeppiaar Nagar, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
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5
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Endocrine-Disrupting Effects of Bisphenol A on the Cardiovascular System: A Review. J Xenobiot 2022; 12:181-213. [PMID: 35893265 PMCID: PMC9326625 DOI: 10.3390/jox12030015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the plastic monomer and plasticizer bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most widely used chemicals. BPA is present in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, commonly used in food storage and industrial or medical products. However, the use of this synthetic compound is a growing concern, as BPA is an endocrine-disrupting compound and can bind mainly to estrogen receptors, interfering with different functions at the cardiovascular level. Several studies have investigated the disruptive effects of BPA; however, its cardiotoxicity remains unclear. Therefore, this review’s purpose is to address the most recent studies on the implications of BPA on the cardiovascular system. Our findings suggest that BPA impairs cardiac excitability through intracellular mechanisms, involving the inhibition of the main ion channels, changes in Ca2+ handling, the induction of oxidative stress, and epigenetic modifications. Our data support that BPA exposure increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) including atherosclerosis and its risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes. Furthermore, BPA exposure is also particularly harmful in pregnancy, promoting the development of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. In summary, BPA exposure compromises human health, promoting the development and progression of CVDs and risk factors. Further studies are needed to clarify the human health effects of BPA-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Sayed AEDH, Nagata K, Nakazawa T, Mitani H, Kobayashi J, Oda S. Low Dose-Rate Irradiation of Gamma-Rays-Induced Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Alterations in Peripheral Erythrocytes of p53-Deficient Medaka (Oryzias latipes). FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.773481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Morphological alterations and nuclear abnormalities in fish erythrocytes have been used in many studies as bioindicators of environmental mutagens including ionizing radiation. In this study, adult Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) were irradiated with gamma rays at a low dose rate (9.92 μGy/min) for 7 days, giving a total dose of 100 mGy; and morphological alterations, nuclear abnormalities, and apoptotic cell death induced in peripheral erythrocytes were investigated 8 h and 7 days after the end of the irradiation. A variety of abnormalities, such as tear-drop cell, crenated cell, acanthocyte, sickled cell, micronucleated cell, eccentric nucleus, notched nucleus, and schistocyte, were induced in the peripheral erythrocytes of the wild-type fish, and a less number of abnormalities and apoptotic cell death were induced in the p53-deficient fish. These results indicate that low dose-rate chronic irradiation of gamma rays can induce cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in the peripheral erythrocytes of medaka, and p53-deficient medaka are tolerant to the gamma-ray irradiation than the wild type on the surface.
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7
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Martín L, Kamstra JH, Hurem S, Lindeman LC, Brede DA, Aanes H, Babiak I, Arenal A, Oughton D, Salbu B, Lyche JL, Aleström P. Altered non-coding RNA expression profile in F 1 progeny 1 year after parental irradiation is linked to adverse effects in zebrafish. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4142. [PMID: 33602989 PMCID: PMC7893006 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83345-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Gamma radiation produces DNA instability and impaired phenotype. Previously, we observed negative effects on phenotype, DNA methylation, and gene expression profiles, in offspring of zebrafish exposed to gamma radiation during gametogenesis. We hypothesize that previously observed effects are accompanied with changes in the expression profile of non-coding RNAs, inherited by next generations. Non-coding RNA expression profile was analysed in F1 offspring (5.5 h post-fertilization) by high-throughput sequencing 1 year after parental irradiation (8.7 mGy/h, 5.2 Gy total dose). Using our previous F1-γ genome-wide gene expression data (GSE98539), hundreds of mRNAs were predicted as targets of differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs, involved in pathways such as insulin receptor, NFkB and PTEN signalling, linking to apoptosis and cancer. snRNAs belonging to the five major spliceosomal snRNAs were down-regulated in the F1-γ group, Indicating transcriptional and post-transcriptional alterations. In addition, DEpiRNA clusters were associated to 9 transposable elements (TEs) (LTR, LINE, and TIR) (p = 0.0024), probable as a response to the activation of these TEs. Moreover, the expression of the lincRNAs malat-1, and several others was altered in the offspring F1, in concordance with previously observed phenotypical alterations. In conclusion, our results demonstrate diverse gamma radiation-induced alterations in the ncRNA profiles of F1 offspring observable 1 year after parental irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Martín
- grid.441252.40000 0000 9526 034XMorphophysiology Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Camagüey Ignacio Agramonte y Loynaz, 74 650 Camagüey, Cuba ,grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XCERAD CoE, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, Ås, Norway
| | - Jorke H. Kamstra
- grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XCERAD CoE, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, Ås, Norway ,grid.5477.10000000120346234Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Selma Hurem
- grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XCERAD CoE, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, Ås, Norway ,grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XDepartment of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Leif C. Lindeman
- grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XCERAD CoE, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, Ås, Norway ,grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XDepartment of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag A. Brede
- grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XCERAD CoE, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, Ås, Norway ,grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XDepartment of Environmental Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Håvard Aanes
- grid.458778.1PatoGen AS, P.O.box 548, 6001 Ålesund, Norway
| | - Igor Babiak
- grid.465487.cFaculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8026 Bodø, Norway
| | - Amilcar Arenal
- grid.441252.40000 0000 9526 034XMorphophysiology Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Camagüey Ignacio Agramonte y Loynaz, 74 650 Camagüey, Cuba
| | - Deborah Oughton
- grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XCERAD CoE, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, Ås, Norway ,grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XDepartment of Environmental Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Brit Salbu
- grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XCERAD CoE, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, Ås, Norway ,grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XDepartment of Environmental Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Jan Ludvig Lyche
- grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XCERAD CoE, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, Ås, Norway ,grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XDepartment of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter Aleström
- grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XCERAD CoE, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, Ås, Norway ,grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XDepartment of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway
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Guo H, Zhao X, Su H, Ma C, Liu K, Kong S, Liu K, Li H, Chang J, Wang T, Guo H, Wei H, Fu Z, Lv X, Li Y. miR-21 is upregulated, promoting fibrosis and blocking G2/M in irradiated rat cardiac fibroblasts. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10502. [PMID: 33354435 PMCID: PMC7733651 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiation exposure of the thorax is associated with a greatly increased risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality even after several decades of advancement in the field. Although many studies have demonstrated the damaging influence of ionizing radiation on cardiac fibroblast (CF) structure and function, myocardial fibrosis, the molecular mechanism behind this damage is not well understood. miR-21, a small microRNA, promotes the activation of CFs, leading to cardiac fibrosis. miR-21 is overexpressed after irradiation; however, the relationship between increased miR-21 and myocardial fibrosis after irradiation is unclear. This study was conducted to investigate gene expression after radiation-induced CF damage and the role of miR-21 in this process in rats. Methods We sequenced irradiated rat CFs and performed weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) combined with differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis to observe the effect on the expression profile of CF genes after radiation. Results DEG analysis showed that the degree of gene changes increased with the radiation dose. WGCNA revealed three module eigengenes (MEs) associated with 8.5-Gy-radiation—the Yellow, Brown, Blue modules. The three module eigengenes were related to apoptosis, G2/M phase, and cell death and S phase, respectively. By blocking with the cardiac fibrosis miRNA miR-21, we found that miR-21 was associated with G2/M blockade in the cell cycle and was mainly involved in regulating extracellular matrix-related genes, including Grem1, Clu, Gdf15, Ccl7, and Cxcl1. Stem-loop quantitative real-time PCR was performed to verify the expression of these genes. Five genes showed higher expression after 8.5 Gy-radiation in CFs. The target genes of miR-21 predicted online were Gdf15 and Rsad2, which showed much higher expression after treatment with antagomir-miR-21 in 8.5-Gy-irradiated CFs. Thus, miR-21 may play the role of fibrosis and G2/M blockade in regulating Grem1, Clu, Gdf15, Ccl7, Cxcl1, and Rsad2 post-irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lan Zhou University, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China.,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China.,Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Sciences, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Xinke Zhao
- Department of Interventional Section, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Fuwai Hospital, Bei Jing, China
| | - Haixiang Su
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Sciences, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Chengxu Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Shanshan Kong
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Kedan Liu
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Sciences, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Haining Li
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Sciences, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Juan Chang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Sciences, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Hongyun Guo
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Sciences, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Huiping Wei
- Department of Interventional Section, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Fu
- Department of Interventional Section, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Xinfang Lv
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Sciences, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Yingdong Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lan Zhou University, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China.,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
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9
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Vernon EL, Moore MN, Bean TP, Jha AN. Evaluation of interactive effects of phosphorus-32 and copper on marine and freshwater bivalve mollusks. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 98:1106-1119. [PMID: 32970511 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1823032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Contaminants seldom occur in isolation in the aquatic environment. While pollution of coastal and inland water bodies has received considerable attention to date, there is limited information on potential interactive effects between radionuclides and metals. Whether by accidental or controlled release, such contaminants co-exist in aquatic ecosystems and can pose an enhanced threat to biota. Using a range of biological responses, the study aimed to evaluate relative interactive effects on representative freshwater and marine bivalve species. METHODS An integrated, multi-biomarker approach was adopted to investigate response to copper (Cu, 18 μg L-1), a known environmentally relevant genotoxic metal and differing concentrations of phosphorus-32 (32P; 0.1 and 1 mGy d-1), alone and in combination in marine (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and freshwater (Dreissena polymorpha) mussels. Genetic and molecular biomarkers were determined post-exposure and included DNA damage (as measured by the comet assay), micronuclei (MN) formation, γ-H2AX foci induction and the expression of key stress-related genes (i.e. hsp70/90, sod, cat, gst). RESULTS Overall, using a tissue-specific (i.e. gill and digestive gland) approach, genotoxic response was reflective of exposures where Cu had a slight additive effect on 32P-induced damage across the species (but not all), cell types and dose rates. Multivariate analysis found significant correlations between comet and γ-H2AX assays, across both the tissues. Transcriptional expression of selected genes were generally unaltered in response to contaminant exposures, independent of species or tissues. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first to explore the interactive effects of ionizing radiation (IR) and Cu on two bivalve species representing two ecological habitats. The complexity of IR-metal interactions demonstrate that extrapolation of findings obtained from single stressor studies into field conditions could be misrepresentative of real-world environments. In turn, environmental protective strategies deemed suitable in protecting biota from a single, isolated stressor may not be wholly adequate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Vernon
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Michael N Moore
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.,European Centre for Environment and Human Health (ECEHH), University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, UK.,Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, UK
| | | | - Awadhesh N Jha
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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10
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Embryonic atrazine exposure and later in life behavioral and brain transcriptomic, epigenetic, and pathological alterations in adult male zebrafish. Cell Biol Toxicol 2020; 37:421-439. [PMID: 32737625 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-020-09548-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ), a commonly used pesticide linked to endocrine disruption, cancer, and altered neurochemistry, frequently contaminates water sources at levels above the US Environmental Protection Agency's 3 parts per billion (ppb; μg/L) maximum contaminant level. Adult male zebrafish behavior, brain transcriptome, brain methylation status, and neuropathology were examined to test the hypothesis that embryonic ATZ exposure causes delayed neurotoxicity, according to the developmental origins of health and disease paradigm. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to 0 ppb, 0.3 ppb, 3 ppb, or 30 ppb ATZ during embryogenesis (1-72 h post fertilization (hpf)), then rinsed and raised to maturity. At 9 months post fertilization (mpf), males had decreased locomotor parameters during a battery of behavioral tests. Transcriptomic analysis identified altered gene expression in organismal development, cancer, and nervous and reproductive system development and function pathways and networks. The brain was evaluated histopathologically for morphometric differences, and decreased numbers of cells were identified in raphe populations. Global methylation levels were evaluated at 12 mpf, and the body length, body weight, and brain weight were measured at 14 mpf to evaluate effects of ATZ on mature brain size. No significant difference in genome methylation or brain size was observed. The results demonstrate that developmental exposure to ATZ does affect neurodevelopment and neural function in adult male zebrafish and raises concern for possible health effects in humans due to ATZ's environmental presence and persistence. Graphical abstract.
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11
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Zhao W, Yuan P, Hu N, Long D, Ding D, Wang H. Effects of Low-Dose Gamma-Ray Radiation on Apoptosis and Development of Zebrafish Embryo Brain. Radiat Res 2020; 194:61-70. [PMID: 32352865 DOI: 10.1667/rr15426.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of low-dose γ irradiation on apoptosis and development of the brain in zebrafish embryos, cumulative 15 mGy doses of γ rays from a 137Cs source were used to irradiate zebrafish embryos at 2 h post-fertilization (hpf) for 120 h. Apoptosis of the brain, brain morphological development, cell submicroscopic structure and mRNA expression were analyzed, respectively. Results indicate that after 15 mGy exposure, the apoptosis of zebrafish brain increased, vacuoles appeared in brain tissue, some organelles were damaged and vacuoles appeared locally in brain cells. The mRNA expression level of axin2 was significantly upregulated, and those of frizzled, β-catenin, camk2, TCF/ LEF and bcl9 were significantly downregulated in brain tissue. These genes are involved in the Wnt signaling pathway. The findings of this work suggest that low-dose radiation may influence the apoptosis and development of the brain in the zebrafish embryo by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Zhao
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.,School of Public Health, University of South China, Hunan Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Penghui Yuan
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Extremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Extremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Dingxin Long
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hunan Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Dexin Ding
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Extremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Extremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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12
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Lerebours A, Robson S, Sharpe C, Smith JT. Subtle effects of radiation on embryo development of the 3-spined stickleback. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 248:126005. [PMID: 32032873 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear power plant (NPP) accidents that occurred in 1986 and 2011 respectively have led to many years of chronic radiation exposure of wildlife. However, controversies remain on the dose threshold above which an impact on animal health occurs. Fish have been highly exposed immediately after both accidents in freshwater systems around Chernobyl and in freshwater and marine systems around Fukushima. The dose levels decreased during the years after the accidents, however, little is known about the effects of environmental low doses of radiation on fish health. The present laboratory study assesses the effects of an environmentally relevant dose range of radiation (0.1, 1 and 10 mGy/day) on early life stages of the 3-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. The cardiac physiology and developmental features (head width, diameter, area) of high exposed embryos (10 mGy/day) showed no significant change when compared to controls. Embryos exposed to the medium and high dose were slower to hatch than the controls (between 166 and 195 h post-fertilization). After 10 days of exposure (at 240 h post-fertilization), larvae exposed to the high dose displayed comparable growth to controls. High-throughput sequence analysis of transcriptional changes at this time point revealed no significant changes in gene regulation compared to controls regardless of exposure conditions. Our results suggest that exposure of fish embryos to environmental radiation elicits subtle delays in hatching times, but does not impair the overall growth and physiology, nor the gene expression patterns in the recently hatched larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adélaïde Lerebours
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3QL, United Kingdom; School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DY, United Kingdom.
| | - Samuel Robson
- Centre for Enzyme Innovation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Sharpe
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DY, United Kingdom
| | - Jim T Smith
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3QL, United Kingdom
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13
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A systems biology approach reveals neuronal and muscle developmental defects after chronic exposure to ionising radiation in zebrafish. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20241. [PMID: 31882844 PMCID: PMC6934629 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56590-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Contamination of the environment after the Chernobyl and Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (NPP) disasters led to the exposure of a large number of humans and wild animals to radioactive substances. However, the sub-lethal consequences induced by these absorbed radiological doses remain understudied and the long-term biological impacts largely unknown. We assessed the biological effects of chronic exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) on embryonic development by exposing zebrafish embryo from fertilization and up to 120 hours post-fertilization (hpf) at dose rates of 0.5 mGy/h, 5 mGy/h and 50 mGy/h, thereby encompassing the field of low dose rates defined at 6 mGy/h. Chronic exposure to IR altered larval behaviour in a light-dark locomotor test and affected cardiac activity at a dose rate as low as 0.5 mGy/h. The multi-omics analysis of transcriptome, proteome and transcription factor binding sites in the promoters of the deregulated genes, collectively points towards perturbations of neurogenesis, muscle development, and retinoic acid (RA) signaling after chronic exposure to IR. Whole-mount RNA in situ hybridization confirmed the impaired expression of the transcription factors her4.4 in the central nervous system and myogenin in the developing muscles of exposed embryos. At the organ level, the assessment of muscle histology by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated myofibers disruption and altered neuromuscular junctions in exposed larvae at 5 mGy/h and 50 mGy/h. The integration of these multi-level data demonstrates that chronic exposure to low dose rates of IR has an impact on neuronal and muscle progenitor cells, that could lead to motility defects in free swimming larvae at 120 hpf. The mechanistic understanding of these effects allows us to propose a model where deregulation of RA signaling by chronic exposure to IR has pleiotropic effects on neurogenesis and muscle development.
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14
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Cruz FF, Pereira TCB, Altenhofen S, da Costa KM, Bogo MR, Bonan CD, Morrone FB. Characterization of the adenosinergic system in a zebrafish embryo radiotherapy model. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 224:108572. [PMID: 31306805 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine is a nucleoside that acts as a signaling molecule by activating P1 purinergic receptors (A1, A2A, A2B and A3). This activation is involved in immune responses, inflammation, and tissue remodeling and tumor progression. Gamma rays are a type of ionizing radiation widely adopted in radiotherapy of tumors. Although it brings benefits to the success of the therapeutic scheme, it can trigger cellular damages, inducing a perpetual inflammatory response that culminates in adverse effects and severe toxicity. Our study aims to characterize the adenosinergic system in a zebrafish embryo radiotherapy model, relating the adenosine signaling to the changes elicited by radiation exposure. To standardize the radiotherapy procedure, we established a toxicological profile after exposure. Zebrafish were irradiated with different doses of gamma rays (2, 5, 10, 15 and 20 Gy) at 24 hpf. Survival, hatching rate, heartbeats, locomotor activity and morphological changes were determined during embryos development. Although without significant difference in survival, gamma-irradiated embryos had their heartbeats increased and presented decreased hatching time, changes in locomotor activity and important morphological alterations. The exposure to 10 Gy disrupted the ecto-5'-nucleotidase/CD73 and adenosine deaminase/ADA enzymatic activity, impairing adenosine metabolism. We also demonstrated that radiation decreased A2B receptor gene expression, suggesting the involvement of extracellular adenosine in the changes prompted by radiotherapy. Our results indicate that the components of the adenosinergic system may be potential targets to improve radiotherapy and manage the tissue damage and toxicity of ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Fernandes Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Escola de Ciências da Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Talita Carneiro Brandão Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Stefani Altenhofen
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Kesiane Mayra da Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maurício Reis Bogo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Denise Bonan
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Bueno Morrone
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Escola de Ciências da Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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15
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Si J, Zhou R, Zhao B, Xie Y, Gan L, Zhang J, Wang Y, Zhou X, Ren X, Zhang H. Effects of ionizing radiation and HLY78 on the zebrafish embryonic developmental toxicity. Toxicology 2019; 411:143-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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16
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Jeffree RA, Oberhaensli F, Teyssie JL, Fowler SW. Radioecological aftermath: Maternal transfer of anthropogenic radionuclides to shark progeny is sustained and enhanced well beyond maternal exposure. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2018; 192:573-579. [PMID: 29807626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cartilaginous dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula continued to transfer four anthropogenic radionuclides (65Zn, 60Co, 134Cs and 241Am) to their eggs for over six months, after two months of continued maternal exposure to radio-labelled food. Unexpectedly, rates of radionuclide transfers to eggs and their yolk & embryo during maternal depuration were equivalent for 60Co and 241Am, or even enhanced for 65Zn and 134Cs by factors of c.200-350%, over two-three months, compared to their maximal transfer rates at the end of the maternal uptake phase. These rates of maternal transfer of radionuclides to yolk & embryo were positively associated with their previously determined efficiencies of assimilation (AE) from ingested radio-labelled food. Thus progeny may be more exposed via maternal transfer to those radionuclides which have greater rates of maternal assimilation from food. As maternal depuration continued beyond 60-80 up to 180-200 days the transfers of all four radionuclides to eggs did diminish but were still substantial at mean values of 18% for 241Am, 17% for 134Cs and 9 and 8% for 60Co and 65Zn, respectively. In the yolk & embryo the mean rates of transfer over this period were further reduced for 241Am (13.5%), 60Co (2.5%) and 65Zn (5.8%), but were still appreciable for 134Cs at 56%. These results for S. canicula have demonstrated a potential enhanced radiological risk of extended duration due to the particular biokinetics of maternal transfer in this species. This study draws further attention to the current paucity of knowledge about the maternal: progeny transfer pathway, particularly in the context of the known heightened radio-sensitivity of early life stages in fish and other vertebrates, compared to later life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross A Jeffree
- IAEA Environment Laboratories, 4 Quai Antoine, MC 98000, Monaco.
| | | | | | - Scott W Fowler
- Institute Bobby, 8 Allee des Orangers, 06320, Cap d'Ail, France
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17
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Szabó ER, Brand M, Hans S, Hideghéty K, Karsch L, Lessmann E, Pawelke J, Schürer M, Beyreuther E. Radiobiological effects and proton RBE determined by wildtype zebrafish embryos. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206879. [PMID: 30408095 PMCID: PMC6224071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing use of proton radiotherapy during the last decade and the rising number of long-term survivors has given rise to a vital discussion on potential effects on normal tissue. So far, deviations from clinically applied generic RBE (relative biological effectiveness) of 1.1 were only obtained by in vitro studies, whereas indications from in vivo trials and clinical studies are rare. In the present work, wildtype zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) were used to characterize the effects of plateau and mid-SOBP (spread-out Bragg peak) proton radiation relative to that induced by clinical MV photon beam reference. Based on embryonic survival data, RBE values of 1.13 ± 0.08 and of 1.20 ± 0.04 were determined four days after irradiations with 20 Gy plateau and SOBP protons relative to 6 MV photon beams. These RBE values were confirmed by relating the rates of embryos with morphological abnormalities for the respective radiation qualities and doses. Besides survival, the rate of spine bending, as one type of developmental abnormality, and of pericardial edema, as an example for acute radiation effects, were assessed. The results revealed that independent on radiation quality both rates increased with time approaching almost 100% at the 4th day post irradiation with doses higher than 15 Gy. To sum up, the applicability of the zebrafish embryo as a robust and simple alternative model for in vivo characterization of radiobiological effects in normal tissue was validated and the obtained RBE values are comparable to previous finding in animal trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emília Rita Szabó
- Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Michael Brand
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengeneering (CMCB), DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Hans
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengeneering (CMCB), DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katalin Hideghéty
- Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Leonhard Karsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden – Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Lessmann
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg Pawelke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden – Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Schürer
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), partner site Dresden, Germany
| | - Elke Beyreuther
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden – Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
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18
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Horzmann KA, Reidenbach LS, Thanki DH, Winchester AE, Qualizza BA, Ryan GA, Egan KE, Hedrick VE, Sobreira TJP, Peterson SM, Weber GJ, Wirbisky-Hershberger SE, Sepúlveda MS, Freeman JL. Embryonic atrazine exposure elicits proteomic, behavioral, and brain abnormalities with developmental time specific gene expression signatures. J Proteomics 2018; 186:71-82. [PMID: 30012420 PMCID: PMC6193558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ), the second most commonly used herbicide in the United States, is an endocrine disrupting chemical linked to cancer and a common drinking water contaminant. This study further investigates ATZ-related developmental toxicity by testing the following hypotheses in zebrafish: the effects of embryonic ATZ exposure are dependent on timing of exposure; embryonic ATZ exposure alters brain development and function; and embryonic ATZ exposure changes protein abundance in carcinogenesis-related pathways. After exposing embryos to 0, 0.3, 3, or 30 parts per billion (ppb) ATZ, we monitored the expression of cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1 (cyp17a1), glyoxalase I (glo1), ring finger protein 14 (rnf14), salt inducible kinase 2 (sik2), tetratricopeptide domain 3 (ttc3), and tumor protein D52 like 1 (tpd52l1) at multiple embryonic time points to determine normal expression and if ATZ exposure altered expression. Only cyp17a1 had normal dynamic expression, but ttc3 and tpd52l1 had ATZ-related expression changes before 72 h. Larvae exposed to 0.3 ppb ATZ had increased brain length, while larvae exposed to 30 ppb ATZ were hypoactive. Proteomic analysis identified altered protein abundance in pathways related to cellular function, neurodevelopment, and genital-tract cancer. The results indicate embryonic ATZ toxicity involves interactions of multiple pathways. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first report of proteomic alterations following embryonic exposure to atrazine, an environmentally persistent pesticide and common water contaminant. Although the transcriptomic alterations in larval zebrafish with embryonic atrazine exposure have been reported, neither the time at which gene expression changes occur nor the resulting proteomic changes have been investigated. This study seeks to address these knowledge gaps by evaluating atrazine's effect on gene expression through multiple time points during embryogenesis, and correlating changes in gene expression to pathological alterations in brain length and functional changes in behavior. Finally, pathway analysis of the proteomic alterations identifies connections between the molecular changes and functional outcomes associated with embryonic atrazine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine A Horzmann
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Leeah S Reidenbach
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Devang H Thanki
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Anna E Winchester
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Brad A Qualizza
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Geoffrey A Ryan
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Kaitlyn E Egan
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Victoria E Hedrick
- Bindley Bioscience Center, Discovery Park, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Tiago J P Sobreira
- Bindley Bioscience Center, Discovery Park, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Samuel M Peterson
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Gregory J Weber
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | | | - Maria S Sepúlveda
- Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Jennifer L Freeman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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19
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Wang Y, Zhou X, Zhao B, Ren X, Chen Y, Si J, Zhou R, Gan L, Zhang H. Early embryonic exposure of ionizing radiations disrupts zebrafish pigmentation. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:940-949. [PMID: 30144054 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that zebrafish are powerful tools for monitoring environmental toxicity, including radiation hazard. Here we investigated the developmental toxicity of ionizing radiation (IR) in an in vivo embryonic zebrafish model. The effects of heavy ion (12 C6+ ), proton, and X-ray radiation on early zebrafish embryos were determined. A similar dose-dependent decrease in the hatch and survival rate of zebrafish embryos was observed after exposure to these irradiations. Exposure of zebrafish embryos to 1-4 Gy IR caused significant loss of pigmentation. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis, and in situ hybridization (ISH) experiment revealed that atp5α1 was markedly upregulated in irradiated zebrafish embryos. In addition, IR resulted in a rapid decrease in total adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation. With dual functions of synthesizing or hydrolyzing ATP, ATP synthase regulated H+ transport crossing the mitochondrial inner. Administration of the mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitor, oligomycin, partially restored pigmentation in irradiated zebrafish embryos, but the ATPase inhibitor, BTB06584, had no effect. Taken together, these results showed that IR exposure downregulated zebrafish pigmentation through regulation of H+ ion transport in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupei Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Baoquan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Peking, China
| | - Xiaotang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Peking, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Si
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Wuwei Tumor Hospital, Wuwei, China
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Hurem S, Martín LM, Lindeman L, Brede DA, Salbu B, Lyche JL, Aleström P, Kamstra JH. Parental exposure to gamma radiation causes progressively altered transcriptomes linked to adverse effects in zebrafish offspring. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 234:855-863. [PMID: 29248853 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation causes a variety of effects, including DNA damage associated to cancers. However, the effects in progeny from irradiated parents is not well documented. Using zebrafish as a model, we previously found that parental exposure to ionizing radiation is associated with effects in offspring, such as increased hatching rates, deformities, increased DNA damage and reactive oxygen species. Here, we assessed short (one month) and long term effects (one year) on gene expression in embryonic offspring (5.5 h post fertilization) from zebrafish exposed during gametogenesis to gamma radiation (8.7 or 53 mGy/h for 27 days, total dose 5.2 or 31 Gy) using mRNA sequencing. One month after exposure, a global change in gene expression was observed in offspring from the 53 mGy/h group, followed by embryonic death at late gastrula, whereas offspring from the 8.7 mGy/h group was unaffected. Interestingly, one year after exposure newly derived embryos from the 8.7 mGy/h group exhibited 2390 (67.7% downregulated) differentially expressed genes. Overlaps in differentially expressed genes and enriched biological pathways were evident between the 53 mGy/h group one month and 8.7 mGy/h one year after exposure, but were oppositely regulated. Pathways could be linked to effects in adults and offspring, such as DNA damage (via Atm signaling) and reproduction (via Gnrh signaling). Comparison with gene expression analysis in directly exposed embryos indicate transferrin a and cytochrome P450 2x6 as possible biomarkers for radiation response in zebrafish. Our results indicate latent effects following ionizing radiation exposure from the lower dose in parents that can be transmitted to offspring and warrants monitoring effects over subsequent generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Hurem
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, CoE CERAD, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - Leonardo Martín Martín
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, CoE CERAD, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Agropecuary Sciences, Department of Morphophysiology, University of Camagüey, 74 650 Camagüey, Cuba
| | - Leif Lindeman
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, CoE CERAD, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Dag Anders Brede
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Brit Salbu
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Jan Ludvig Lyche
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, CoE CERAD, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter Aleström
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, CoE CERAD, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jorke H Kamstra
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, CoE CERAD, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway.
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21
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Hurem S, Gomes T, Brede DA, Lindbo Hansen E, Mutoloki S, Fernandez C, Mothersill C, Salbu B, Kassaye YA, Olsen AK, Oughton D, Aleström P, Lyche JL. Parental gamma irradiation induces reprotoxic effects accompanied by genomic instability in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 159:564-578. [PMID: 28892785 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gamma radiation represents a potential health risk to aquatic and terrestrial biota, due to its ability to ionize atoms and molecules in living tissues. The effects of exposure to 60Co gamma radiation in zebrafish (Danio rerio) were studied during two sensitive life stages: gametogenesis (F0: 53 and 8.7mGy/h for 27 days, total doses 31 and 5.2Gy) and embryogenesis (9.6mGy/h for 65h; total dose 0.62Gy). Progeny of F0 exposed to 53mGy/h showed 100% mortality occurring at the gastrulation stage corresponding to 8h post fertilization (hpf). Control and F0 fish exposed to 8.7mGy/h were used to create four lines in the first filial generation (F1): control, G line (irradiated during parental gametogenesis), E line (irradiated during embryogenesis) and GE line (irradiated during parental gametogenesis and embryogenesis). A statistically significant cumulative mortality of GE larva (9.3%) compared to controls was found at 96 hpf. E line embryos hatched significantly earlier compared to controls, G and GE (48-72 hpf). The deformity frequency was higher in G and GE, but not E line compared to controls at 72 hpf. One month after parental irradiation, the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was increased in the G line, but did not significantly differ from controls one year after parental irradiation, while at the same time point it was significantly increased in the directly exposed E and GE lines from 60 to 120 hpf. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was significantly increased in the G line one year after parental irradiation, while significant increase in DNA damage was detected in both the G and GE compared to controls and E line at 72 hpf. Radiation-induced bystander effects, triggered by culture media from tissue explants and observed as influx of Ca2+ ions through the cellular membrane of the reporter cells, were significantly increased in 72 hpf G line progeny one month after irradiation of the parents. One year after parental irradiation, the bystander effects were increased in the E line compared to controls, but not in progeny of irradiated parents (G and GE lines). Overall, this study showed that irradiation of parents can result in multigenerational oxidative stress and genomic instability in irradiated (GE) and non-irradiated (G) progeny of irradiated parents, including increases in ROS formation, LPO, DNA damage and bystander effects. The results therefore highlight the necessity for multi- and transgenerational studies to assess the environmental impact of gamma radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Hurem
- Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), NMBU, 1433 Ås, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tânia Gomes
- Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), NMBU, 1433 Ås, Norway; Norwegian Institute for Water research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag A Brede
- Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), NMBU, 1433 Ås, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Lindbo Hansen
- Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), NMBU, 1433 Ås, Norway; Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority (NRPA), Postboks 55, 1332 Østerås, Norway
| | - Stephen Mutoloki
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - Cristian Fernandez
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, 3000 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carmel Mothersill
- McMaster University, Department of Biology, 1280 Main St. West Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brit Salbu
- Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), NMBU, 1433 Ås, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Yetneberk A Kassaye
- Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), NMBU, 1433 Ås, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Ann-Karin Olsen
- Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), NMBU, 1433 Ås, Norway; Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), PO Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Deborah Oughton
- Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), NMBU, 1433 Ås, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Peter Aleström
- Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), NMBU, 1433 Ås, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan L Lyche
- Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), NMBU, 1433 Ås, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway
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22
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Praveen Kumar MK, Shyama SK, Kashif S, Dubey SK, Avelyno D, Sonaye BH, Kadam Samit B, Chaubey RC. Effects of gamma radiation on the early developmental stages of Zebrafish (Danio rerio). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 142:95-101. [PMID: 28395206 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The zebrafish is gaining importance as a popular vertebrate model organism and is widely employed in ecotoxicological studies, especially for the biomonitoring of pollution in water bodies. There is limited data on the genetic mechanisms governing the adverse health effects in regards to an early developmental exposure to gamma radiation. In the present study zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10Gy of gamma radiation at 3h post fertilization (hpf). Different developmental toxicity endpoints were investigated. Further, expression of genes associated with the development and DNA damage i.e. (sox2 sox19a and p53) were evaluated using Quantitative PCR (qPCR). The significant changes in the expression of sox2 sox19a and p53 genes were observed. This data was supported the developmental defects observed in the zebrafish embryo exposed to gamma radiation such as i.e. increased DNA damage, decreased hatching rate, increase in median hatching time, decreased body length, increased mortality rate, increased morphological deformities. Further, study shows that the potential ecotoxicological threat of gamma radiation on the early developmental stages of zebrafish. Further, it revealed that the above parameters can be used as predictive biomarkers of gamma radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S K Shyama
- Department of Zoology, Goa University, Goa 403 206, India.
| | - Shamim Kashif
- Department of Microbiology, Goa University, Goa 403 206, India
| | - S K Dubey
- Department of Microbiology, Goa University, Goa 403 206, India
| | | | - B H Sonaye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Goa Medical College, Goa, India
| | - B Kadam Samit
- Department of Zoology, Goa University, Goa 403 206, India
| | - R C Chaubey
- Radiation Biology & Health Science Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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23
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Hurem S, Martín LM, Brede DA, Skjerve E, Nourizadeh-Lillabadi R, Lind OC, Christensen T, Berg V, Teien HC, Salbu B, Oughton DH, Aleström P, Lyche JL. Dose-dependent effects of gamma radiation on the early zebrafish development and gene expression. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179259. [PMID: 28628668 PMCID: PMC5476279 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation from natural sources or anthropogenic activity has the potential to cause oxidative stress or genetic damage in living organisms, through the ionization and excitation of molecules and the subsequent production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The present work focuses on radiation-induced biological effects using the zebrafish (Danio rerio) vertebrate model. Changes in developmental traits and gene expression in zebrafish were assessed after continuous external gamma irradiation (0.4, 3.9, 15 and 38 mGy/h) with corresponding controls, starting at 2.5 hours post fertilization (hpf) and lasting through embryogenesis and the early larval stage. The lowest dose rate corresponded to recommended benchmarks at which adverse effects are not expected to occur in aquatic ecosystems (2-10 mGy/day). The survival observed at 96 hours post fertilization (hpf) in the 38 mGy/h group was significantly lower, while other groups showed no significant difference compared to controls. The total hatching was significantly lower from controls in the 15 mGy/h group and a delay in hatching onset in the 0.4 mGy/h group was observed. The deformity frequency was significantly increased by prolonged exposure duration at dose rates ≥ 0.4 mGy/h. Molecular responses analyzed by RNA-seq at gastrulation (5.5 hpf transcriptome) indicate that the radiation induced adverse effects occurred during the earliest stages of development. A dose-response relationship was found in the numbers of differentially regulated genes in exposure groups compared to controls at a total dose as low as 1.62 mGy. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified retinoic acid receptor activation, apoptosis, and glutathione mediated detoxification signaling as the most affected pathways in the lower dose rate (0.54 mGy/h), while eif2 and mTOR, i.e., involved in the modulation of angiogenesis, were most affected in higher dose rates (5.4 and 10.9 mGy/h). By comparing gene expression data, myc was found to be the most significant upstream regulator, followed by tp53, TNF, hnf4a, TGFb1 and cebpa, while crabp2b and vegfab were identified as most frequent downstream target genes. These genes are associated with various developmental processes. The present findings show that continuous gamma irradiation (≥ 0.54 mGy/h) during early gastrula causes gene expression changes that are linked to developmental defects in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Hurem
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), CERAD CoE, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Leonardo Martín Martín
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), CERAD CoE, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Oslo, Norway
- University of Camagüey Ignacio Agramonte y Loynaz (UC), Faculty of Agropecuary Sciences, Camagüey, Cuba
| | - Dag Anders Brede
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), CERAD CoE, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Eystein Skjerve
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), CERAD CoE, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rasoul Nourizadeh-Lillabadi
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), CERAD CoE, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Christian Lind
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), CERAD CoE, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Terje Christensen
- Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority (NRPA), CERAD CoE, Østerås, Norway
| | - Vidar Berg
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), CERAD CoE, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hans-Christian Teien
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), CERAD CoE, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Brit Salbu
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), CERAD CoE, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Deborah Helen Oughton
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), CERAD CoE, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Peter Aleström
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), CERAD CoE, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Ludvig Lyche
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), CERAD CoE, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Oslo, Norway
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24
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Armant O, Gombeau K, Murat El Houdigui S, Floriani M, Camilleri V, Cavalie I, Adam-Guillermin C. Zebrafish exposure to environmentally relevant concentration of depleted uranium impairs progeny development at the molecular and histological levels. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177932. [PMID: 28531178 PMCID: PMC5439696 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Uranium is an actinide naturally found in the environment. Anthropogenic activities lead to the release of increasing amounts of uranium and depleted uranium (DU) in the environment, posing potential risks to aquatic organisms due to radiological and chemical toxicity of this radionucleide. Although environmental contaminations with high levels of uranium have already been observed, chronic exposures of non-human species to levels close to the environmental quality standards remain scarcely characterized. The present study focused on the identification of the molecular pathways impacted by a chronic exposure of zebrafish to 20 μg/L of DU during 10 days. The transcriptomic effects were evaluated by the use of the mRNAseq analysis in three organs of adult zebrafish, the brain the testis and the ovaries, and two developmental stages of the adult fish progeny, two-cells embryo and four-days larvae. The results highlight generic effects on the cell adhesion process, but also specific transcriptomic responses depending on the organ or the developmental stage investigated. The analysis of the transgenerational effects of DU-exposure on the four-day zebrafish larvae demonstrate an induction of genes involved in oxidative response (cat, mpx, sod1 and sod2), a decrease of expression of the two hatching enzymes (he1a and he1b), the deregulation of the expression of gene coding for the ATPase complex and the induction of cellular stress. Electron microscopy analysis of skeletal muscles on the four-days larvae highlights significant histological impacts on the ultrastructure of both the mitochondria and the myofibres. In addition, the comparison with the transcriptomic data obtained for the acetylcholine esterase mutant reveals the induction of protein-chaperons in the skeletal muscles of the progeny of fish chronically exposed to DU, pointing towards long lasting effects of this chemical in the muscles. The results presented in this study support the hypothesis that a chronic parental exposure to an environmentally relevant concentration of DU could impair the progeny development with significant effects observed both at the molecular level and on the histological ultrastructure of organs. This study provides a comprehensive transcriptomic dataset useful for ecotoxicological studies on other fish species at the molecular level. It also provides a key DU responsive gene, egr1, which may be a candidate biomarker for monitoring aquatic pollution by heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Armant
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Kewin Gombeau
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Sophia Murat El Houdigui
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Magali Floriani
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Virginie Camilleri
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Isabelle Cavalie
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Christelle Adam-Guillermin
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
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25
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Horzmann KA, Freeman JL. Zebrafish Get Connected: Investigating Neurotransmission Targets and Alterations in Chemical Toxicity. TOXICS 2016; 4:19. [PMID: 28730152 PMCID: PMC5515482 DOI: 10.3390/toxics4030019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neurotransmission is the basis of neuronal communication and is critical for normal brain development, behavior, learning, and memory. Exposure to drugs and chemicals can alter neurotransmission, often through unknown pathways and mechanisms. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) model system is increasingly being used to study the brain and chemical neurotoxicity. In this review, the major neurotransmitter systems, including glutamate, GABA, dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, acetylcholine, histamine, and glutamate are surveyed and pathways of synthesis, transport, metabolism, and action are examined. Differences between human and zebrafish neurochemical pathways are highlighted. We also review techniques for evaluating neurological function, including the measurement of neurotransmitter levels, assessment of gene expression through transcriptomic analysis, and the recording of neurobehavior. Finally examples of chemical toxicity studies evaluating alterations in neurotransmitter systems in the zebrafish model are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer L. Freeman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
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26
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Wirbisky SE, Weber GJ, Sepúlveda MS, Xiao C, Cannon JR, Freeman JL. Developmental origins of neurotransmitter and transcriptome alterations in adult female zebrafish exposed to atrazine during embryogenesis. Toxicology 2015; 333:156-167. [PMID: 25929836 PMCID: PMC4471955 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Atrazine is an herbicide applied to agricultural crops and is indicated to be an endocrine disruptor. Atrazine is frequently found to contaminate potable water supplies above the maximum contaminant level of 3μg/L as defined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The developmental origin of adult disease hypothesis suggests that toxicant exposure during development can increase the risk of certain diseases during adulthood. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying disease progression are still unknown. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0, 0.3, 3, or 30μg/L atrazine throughout embryogenesis. Larvae were then allowed to mature under normal laboratory conditions with no further chemical treatment until 7 days post fertilization (dpf) or adulthood and neurotransmitter analysis completed. No significant alterations in neurotransmitter levels was observed at 7dpf or in adult males, but a significant decrease in 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and serotonin turnover was seen in adult female brain tissue. Transcriptomic analysis was completed on adult female brain tissue to identify molecular pathways underlying the observed neurological alterations. Altered expression of 1928, 89, and 435 genes in the females exposed to 0.3, 3, or 30μg/L atrazine during embryogenesis were identified, respectively. There was a high level of overlap between the biological processes and molecular pathways in which the altered genes were associated. Moreover, a subset of genes was down regulated throughout the serotonergic pathway. These results provide support of the developmental origins of neurological alterations observed in adult female zebrafish exposed to atrazine during embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Wirbisky
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Gregory J Weber
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Maria S Sepúlveda
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Changhe Xiao
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Jason R Cannon
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Jennifer L Freeman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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