1
|
Moon HS, Kim H, Kim B, Kim MS, Kim JH, Kwon O. Mouse Model of Small for Gestational Age Offspring with Catch-up Growth Failure and Dysregulated Glucose Metabolism in Adulthood. J Obes Metab Syndr 2022; 31:81-85. [PMID: 35301269 PMCID: PMC8987454 DOI: 10.7570/jomes22013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to build mouse models of small for gestational age (SGA), recapitulating failure of catch-up growth and dysregulated metabolic outcomes in adulthood. Methods Pregnant C57BL/6 mice were given a protein-restricted diet (PRD; 6% kcal from protein) during pregnancy without (model 1) or with cross-fostering (model 2). Model 3 extended the PRD to the end of the lactation period. Model 4 changed to a 9% PRD without cross-fostering. Results Model 1 yielded a reduced size of offspring with a poor survival rate. Model 2 improved survival but offspring showed early catch-up growth. Model 3 maintained a reduced size of offspring after weaning with a higher body mass index and blood glucose levels in adult stages. Model 4 increased the survival of the offspring while maintaining a reduced size and dysregulated glucose metabolism. Conclusion Models 3 and 4 are suitable for studying SGA accompanying adulthood short stature and metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Seok Moon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hanbin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bohye Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Seon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Obin Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vipin VA, Blesson CS, Yallampalli C. Maternal low protein diet and fetal programming of lean type 2 diabetes. World J Diabetes 2022; 13:185-202. [PMID: 35432755 PMCID: PMC8984567 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i3.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal nutrition is found to be the key factor that determines fetal health in utero and metabolic health during adulthood. Metabolic diseases have been primarily attributed to impaired maternal nutrition during pregnancy, and impaired nutrition has been an immense issue across the globe. In recent years, type 2 diabetes (T2D) has reached epidemic proportion and is a severe public health problem in many countries. Although plenty of research has already been conducted to tackle T2D which is associated with obesity, little is known regarding the etiology and pathophysiology of lean T2D, a variant of T2D. Recent studies have focused on the effects of epigenetic variation on the contribution of in utero origins of lean T2D, although other mechanisms might also contribute to the pathology. Observational studies in humans and experiments in animals strongly suggest an association between maternal low protein diet and lean T2D phenotype. In addition, clear sex-specific disease prevalence was observed in different studies. Consequently, more research is essential for the understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of lean T2D, which might help to develop better disease prevention and treatment strategies. This review examines the role of protein insufficiency in the maternal diet as the central driver of the developmental programming of lean T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vidyadharan Alukkal Vipin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Chellakkan Selvanesan Blesson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
- Family Fertility Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Chandra Yallampalli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sciascia QL, Prehn C, Adamski J, Daş G, Lang IS, Otten W, Görs S, Metges CC. The Effect of Dietary Protein Imbalance during Pregnancy on the Growth, Metabolism and Circulatory Metabolome of Neonatal and Weaned Juvenile Porcine Offspring. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093286. [PMID: 34579160 PMCID: PMC8471113 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein imbalance during pregnancy affects women in underdeveloped and developing countries and is associated with compromised offspring growth and an increased risk of metabolic diseases in later life. We studied in a porcine model the glucose and urea metabolism, and circulatory hormone and metabolite profile of offspring exposed during gestation, to maternal isoenergetic low-high (LP-HC), high-low (HP-LC) or adequate (AP) protein-carbohydrate ratio diets. At birth, LP-HC were lighter and the plasma acetylcarnitine to free carnitine ratios at 1 day of life was lower compared to AP offspring. Plasma urea concentrations were lower in 1 day old LP-HC offspring than HP-LC. In the juvenile period, increased insulin concentrations were observed in LP-HC and HP-LC offspring compared to AP, as was body weight from HP-LC compared to LP-HC. Plasma triglyceride concentrations were lower in 80 than 1 day old HP-LC offspring, and glucagon concentrations lower in 80 than 1 day old AP and HP-LC offspring. Plasma urea and the ratio of glucagon to insulin were lower in all 80 than 1 day old offspring. Aminoacyl-tRNA, arginine and phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism, histidine and beta-alanine metabolism differed between 1 and 80 day old AP and HP-LC offspring. Maternal protein imbalance throughout pregnancy did not result in significant consequences in offspring metabolism compared to AP, indicating enormous plasticity by the placenta and developing offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin L. Sciascia
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology ‘Oskar Kellner’, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (Q.L.S.); (G.D.); (I.S.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Cornelia Prehn
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core (MPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gürbüz Daş
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology ‘Oskar Kellner’, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (Q.L.S.); (G.D.); (I.S.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Iris S. Lang
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology ‘Oskar Kellner’, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (Q.L.S.); (G.D.); (I.S.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Winfried Otten
- Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany;
| | - Solvig Görs
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology ‘Oskar Kellner’, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (Q.L.S.); (G.D.); (I.S.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Cornelia C. Metges
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology ‘Oskar Kellner’, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; (Q.L.S.); (G.D.); (I.S.L.); (S.G.)
- Chair of Nutritional Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-38208-68-650
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Y, Mao Y, Zhao Y, Yi X, Ding G, Yu C, Sheng J, Liu X, Meng Y, Huang H. Early-life undernutrition induces enhancer RNA remodeling in mice liver. Epigenetics Chromatin 2021; 14:18. [PMID: 33789751 PMCID: PMC8011416 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-021-00392-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal protein restriction diet (PRD) increases the risk of metabolic dysfunction in adulthood, the mechanisms during the early life of offspring are still poorly understood. Apart from genetic factors, epigenetic mechanisms are crucial to offer phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental situations and transmission. Enhancer-associated noncoding RNAs (eRNAs) transcription serves as a robust indicator of enhancer activation, and have potential roles in mediating enhancer functions and gene transcription. Results Using global run-on sequencing (GRO-seq) of nascent RNA including eRNA and total RNA sequencing data, we show that early-life undernutrition causes remodeling of enhancer activity in mouse liver. Differentially expressed nascent active genes were enriched in metabolic pathways. Besides, our work detected a large number of high confidence enhancers based on eRNA transcription at the ages of 4 weeks and 7 weeks, respectively. Importantly, except for ~ 1000 remodeling enhancers, the early-life undernutrition induced instability of enhancer activity which decreased in 4 weeks and increased in adulthood. eRNA transcription mainly contributes to the regulation of some important metabolic enzymes, suggesting a link between metabolic dysfunction and enhancer transcriptional control. We discovered a novel eRNA that is positively correlated to the expression of circadian gene Cry1 with increased binding of epigenetic cofactor p300. Conclusions Our study reveals novel insights into mechanisms of metabolic dysfunction. Enhancer activity in early life acts on metabolism-associated genes, leading to the increased susceptibility of metabolic disorders. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13072-021-00392-w.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinyu Wang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiting Mao
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiran Zhao
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianfu Yi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guolian Ding
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated To Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanjin Yu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated To Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianzhong Sheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinmei Liu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated To Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yicong Meng
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China. .,Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated To Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hefeng Huang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China. .,Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated To Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Côrtes LS, Silveira HS, Lupi LA, de Mello Santos T, Cavariani MM, Domeniconi RF, Gaiotte LB, de Morais Oliveira DA, Justulin LA, de Almeida Chuffa LG. Maternal protein restriction impairs nutrition and ovarian histomorphometry without changing p38MAPK and PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling in adult rat ovaries. Life Sci 2021; 264:118693. [PMID: 33130082 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Because an adequate protein supply is detrimental for the maintenance of folliculogenesis and ovulation, we evaluated the impact of maternal low protein diet on nutritional parameters, estrous cycle, ovarian histomorphometry, and on the expression of metabolic and survival signaling molecules in different follicular stages. MAIN METHODS Twenty Wistar pregnant rats were divided into two groups: the normoprotein (NP) group, composed of animals that received 17% protein, and a low-protein (LP) group, composed of animals that received 6% protein during gestation and lactation period. After weaning, female rats were fed with standard diet until the 120-days-old. KEY FINDINGS LP animals showed reduced body mass index, total body weight, energy intake, feed efficiency, and visceral fat. The ovarian tissue presented vascular congestion and fat accumulation in the medulla, followed by a significant reduction in the amount of primordial and primary follicles. In addition, the number of atretic follicles was higher in LP than in NP animals. Maternal undernutrition also resulted in increased levels of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) while testosterone (T) was unchanged in the offspring. Although discrete changes in p38MAPK and in PI3K-AKT-mTOR immunostaining were observed in the ovarian follicles and corpus luteum in LP, no differences were found at their protein levels. SIGNIFICANCE Maternal protein restriction alters estrous cycle and histomorphometry of the offspring's ovary without changing the levels of intracellular regulatory molecules in adulthood. These morphofunctional changes may alter reproductive performance in female offspring, highlighting maternal dietary conditions as an important factor for offspring reproductive health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Silva Côrtes
- Faculty of Medicine of Botucatu, São Paulo State University-UNESP, 18618-687 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Spaulonci Silveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences (IBB), São Paulo State University-UNESP, 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio Lupi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences (IBB), São Paulo State University-UNESP, 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Talita de Mello Santos
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences (IBB), São Paulo State University-UNESP, 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Marilia Martins Cavariani
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences (IBB), São Paulo State University-UNESP, 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel Fantin Domeniconi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences (IBB), São Paulo State University-UNESP, 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Barbosa Gaiotte
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences (IBB), São Paulo State University-UNESP, 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Diego Augusto de Morais Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences (IBB), São Paulo State University-UNESP, 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Antonio Justulin
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences (IBB), São Paulo State University-UNESP, 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences (IBB), São Paulo State University-UNESP, 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
The impact of maternal and early life malnutrition on health: a diet-microbe perspective. BMC Med 2020; 18:135. [PMID: 32393275 PMCID: PMC7216331 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01584-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-life malnutrition may have long-lasting effects on microbe-host interactions that affect health and disease susceptibility later in life. Diet quality and quantity in conjunction with toxin and pathogen exposure are key contributors to microbe-host physiology and malnutrition. Consequently, it is important to consider both diet- and microbe-induced pathologies as well as their interactions underlying malnutrition. MAIN BODY Gastrointestinal immunity and digestive function are vital to maintain a symbiotic relationship between the host and microbiota. Childhood malnutrition can be impacted by numerous factors including gestational malnutrition, early life antibiotic use, psychological stress, food allergy, hygiene, and exposure to other chemicals and pollutants. These factors can contribute to reoccurring environmental enteropathy, a condition characterized by the expansion of commensal pathobionts and environmental pathogens. Reoccurring intestinal dysfunction, particularly during the critical window of development, may be a consequence of diet-microbe interactions and may lead to life-long immune and metabolic programming and increased disease risk. We provide an overview of the some key factors implicated in the progression of malnutrition (protein, fat, carbohydrate, iron, vitamin D, and vitamin B12) and discuss the microbiota during early life that may contribute health risk later in life. CONCLUSION Identifying key microbe-host interactions, particularly those associated with diet and malnutrition requires well-controlled dietary studies. Furthering our understanding of diet-microbe-host interactions will help to provide better strategies during gestation and early life to promote health later in life.
Collapse
|