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Srivastava S, Rasool M. Genetics, epigenetics and autoimmunity constitute a Bermuda triangle for the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Life Sci 2024; 357:123075. [PMID: 39341491 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a multigene disorder with a heritability rate of 60 %, is characterized by persistent pain, synovial hyperplasia, and cartilage and bone destruction, ultimately causing irreversible joint deformity. The etiology and pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are primarily influenced by specific genetic variants, particularly HLA alleles such as HLA-DRB1*01 and DRB1*04. However, other HLA alleles such as HLA-DRB1*10 and DPB*1 have also been found to contribute to increased susceptibility to RA. However, non-HLA genes also confer a comparatively high risk of RA disease manifestation. The most relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with non-HLA genes are PTPN22, TRAF1, CXCL-12, TBX-5, STAT4, FCGR, PADI4, and MTHFR. In conjunction with genetic susceptibility, epigenetic alterations orchestrate paramount involvement in regulating RA pathogenesis. Increasing evidence implicates DNA methylation and histone protein modifications, including acetylation and methylation, as the primary epigenetic mechanisms that drive the pathogenesis and clinical progression of the disease. In addition to genetic and epigenetic changes, autoimmune inflammation also determines the pathological progression of the synovial membrane in joints with RA. Glycosylation changes, such as sialylation and fucosylation, in immune cells have been shown to be relevant to disease progression. Genetic heterogeneity, epigenetic factors, and changes in glycosylation do not fully explain the features of RA. Therefore, investigating the interplay between genetics, epigenetics, and autoimmunity is crucial. This review highlights the significance and interaction of these elements in RA pathophysiology, suggesting their diagnostic potential and opening new avenues for novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Srivastava
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahaboobkhan Rasool
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Lee W, Ben-Othman R, Skut P, Lee AHY, Barbosa AD, Beaman M, Currie A, Harvey NT, Kumarasinghe P, Hall RA, Potter J, Graves S, West NP, Cox AJ, Irwin PJ, Kollmann TR, Oskam CL. Molecular analysis of human tick-bitten skin yields signatures associated with distinct spatial and temporal trajectories - A proof-of-concept study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33600. [PMID: 39071681 PMCID: PMC11283101 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Tick-associated diseases present challenges due to tridirectional interactions among host-specific responses, tick toxins and salivary proteins as well as microbes. We aimed to uncover molecular mechanisms in tick-bitten skin samples (cases) and contralateral skin samples (controls) collected simultaneously from the same participants, using spatial transcriptomics. Cases and controls analysed using NanoString GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler identified 274 upregulated and 840 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs), revealing perturbations in keratinization and immune system regulation. Samples of skin biopsies taken within 72 h post tick-bite DEGs had changes in protein metabolism and viral infection pathways as compared to samples taken 3 months post tick-bite, which instead displayed significant perturbations in several epigenetic regulatory pathways, highlighting the temporal nature of the host response following tick bites. Within-individual signatures distinguished tick-bitten samples from controls and identified between-individual signatures, offering promise for future biomarker discovery to guide prognosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenna Lee
- Centre for Biosecurity and One Health, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Medical, Molecular, and Forensic Sciences, College of Environmental and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | | | | | - Amy Huey-Yi Lee
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amanda D. Barbosa
- Centre for Biosecurity and One Health, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Environmental and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Miles Beaman
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Andrew Currie
- School of Medical, Molecular, and Forensic Sciences, College of Environmental and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Nathan T. Harvey
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Prasad Kumarasinghe
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- College of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- Western Dermatology, Hollywood Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Roy A. Hall
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - James Potter
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Stephen Graves
- Australian Rickettsial Reference Laboratory, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicholas P. West
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, and Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, QLD, Australia
| | - Amanda J. Cox
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, and Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter J. Irwin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Environmental and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | | | - Charlotte L. Oskam
- Centre for Biosecurity and One Health, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- School of Medical, Molecular, and Forensic Sciences, College of Environmental and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
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Guo C, Peng J, Cheng P, Yang C, Gong S, Zhang L, Zhang T, Peng J. Mechanistic elucidation of ferroptosis and ferritinophagy: implications for advancing our understanding of arthritis. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1290234. [PMID: 39022306 PMCID: PMC11251907 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1290234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the emerging phenomenon of ferroptosis has garnered significant attention as a distinctive mode of programmed cell death. Distinguished by its reliance on iron and dependence on reactive oxygen species (ROS), ferroptosis has emerged as a subject of extensive investigation. Mechanistically, this intricate process involves perturbations in iron homeostasis, dampening of system Xc-activity, morphological dynamics within mitochondria, and the onset of lipid peroxidation. Additionally, the concomitant phenomenon of ferritinophagy, the autophagic degradation of ferritin, assumes a pivotal role by facilitating the liberation of iron ions from ferritin, thereby advancing the progression of ferroptosis. This discussion thoroughly examines the detailed cell structures and basic processes behind ferroptosis and ferritinophagy. Moreover, it scrutinizes the intricate web of regulators that orchestrate these processes and examines their intricate interplay within the context of joint disorders. Against the backdrop of an annual increase in cases of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout, these narrative sheds light on the intriguing crossroads of pathophysiology by dissecting the intricate interrelationships between joint diseases, ferroptosis, and ferritinophagy. The newfound insights contribute fresh perspectives and promising therapeutic avenues, potentially revolutionizing the landscape of joint disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caopei Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Joint Orthopaedic Research Center of Zunyi Medical University, University of Rochester Medical Center, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiaze Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Joint Orthopaedic Research Center of Zunyi Medical University, University of Rochester Medical Center, Zunyi, China
| | - Piaotao Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Joint Orthopaedic Research Center of Zunyi Medical University, University of Rochester Medical Center, Zunyi, China
| | - Chengbing Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Joint Orthopaedic Research Center of Zunyi Medical University, University of Rochester Medical Center, Zunyi, China
| | - Shouhang Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Joint Orthopaedic Research Center of Zunyi Medical University, University of Rochester Medical Center, Zunyi, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Joint Orthopaedic Research Center of Zunyi Medical University, University of Rochester Medical Center, Zunyi, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiachen Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Joint Orthopaedic Research Center of Zunyi Medical University, University of Rochester Medical Center, Zunyi, China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Zunyi, China
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Deng T, Wang Z, Geng Q, Wang Z, Jiao Y, Diao W, Xu J, Deng T, Luo J, Tao Q, Xiao C. Methylation of T and B Lymphocytes in Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2024; 66:401-422. [PMID: 39207646 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-024-09003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The role of abnormal epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation, in the pathogenesis of autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) has garnered increasing attention. Lymphocyte dysfunction is a significant contributor to the pathogenesis of ARDs. Methylation is crucial for maintaining normal immune system function, and aberrant methylation can hinder lymphocyte differentiation, resulting in functional abnormalities that disrupt immune tolerance, leading to the excessive expression of inflammatory cytokines, thereby exacerbating the onset and progression of ARDs. Recent studies suggest that methylation-related factors have the potential to serve as biomarkers for monitoring the activity of ARDs. This review summarizes the current state of research on the impact of DNA and RNA methylation on the development, differentiation, and function of T and B cells and examines the progress of these epigenetic modifications in studies of six specific ARDs: systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. Additionally, we propose that exploring the interplay between RNA methylation and DNA methylation may represent a novel direction for understanding the pathogenesis of ARDs and developing novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Deng
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qishun Geng
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhaoran Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yi Jiao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenya Diao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jiahe Xu
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Tingting Deng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of TCM Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Qingwen Tao
- Department of TCM Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Cheng Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Shi Y, Chang C, Xu L, Jiang P, Wei K, Zhao J, Xu L, Jin Y, Zhang R, Wang H, Qian Y, Qin Y, Ding Q, Jiang T, Guo S, Wang R, He D. Circulating DNA methylation level of CXCR5 correlates with inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e902. [PMID: 37382265 PMCID: PMC10288483 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the differences in circulating DNA methylation levels of CXCR5 between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) and healthy controls (HC), and the correlation of methylation changes with clinical characteristics of RA patients. METHODS Peripheral blood samples were collected from 239 RA patients, 30 patients with OA, and 29 HC. Target region methylation sequencing to the promoter region of CXCR5 was achieved using MethylTarget. The methylation level of cg04537602 and methylation haplotype were compared among the three groups, and the correlation between methylation levels and clinical characteristics of RA patients was performed by Spearman's rank correlation analysis. RESULTS The methylation level of cg04537602 was significantly higher in the peripheral blood of RA patients compared with OA patients (p = 1.3 × 10-3 ) and in the HC group (p = 5.5 × 10- 4 ). The sensitivity was enhanced when CXCR5 methylation level combined with rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide with area under curve (AUC) of 0.982 (95% confidence interval 0.970-0.995). The methylation level of cg04537602 in RA was positively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) (r = .16, p = .01), and in RA patients aged 60 years and above, cg04537602 methylation levels were positively correlated with CRP (r = .31, p = 4.7 × 10- 4 ), tender joint count (r = .21, p = .02), visual analog scales score (r = .21, p = .02), Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) using the CRP level DAS28-CRP (r = .27, p = 2.1 × 10- 3 ), and DAS28-ESR (r = .22, p = .01). We also observed significant differences of DNA methylation haplotypes in RA patients compared with OA patients and HC, which was consistent with single-loci-based CpG methylation measurement. CONCLUSION The methylation level of CXCR5 was significantly higher in RA patients than in OA and HC, and correlated with the level of inflammation in RA patients, our study establishes a link between CXCR5 DNA methylation and clinical features that may help in the diagnosis and disease management of RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Shi
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Guanghua Clinical Medical CollegeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative MedicineShanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Cen Chang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Guanghua Clinical Medical CollegeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative MedicineShanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Lingxia Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Guanghua Clinical Medical CollegeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative MedicineShanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Guanghua Clinical Medical CollegeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative MedicineShanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Kai Wei
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Guanghua Clinical Medical CollegeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative MedicineShanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Guanghua Clinical Medical CollegeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative MedicineShanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Linshuai Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Guanghua Clinical Medical CollegeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative MedicineShanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yehua Jin
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Guanghua Clinical Medical CollegeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative MedicineShanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Runrun Zhang
- Department of RheumatologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Guanghua Clinical Medical CollegeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative MedicineShanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yi Qian
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Guanghua Clinical Medical CollegeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative MedicineShanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yingying Qin
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Guanghua Clinical Medical CollegeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative MedicineShanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Qin Ding
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Guanghua Clinical Medical CollegeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative MedicineShanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Guanghua Clinical Medical CollegeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative MedicineShanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin‐ MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Rongsheng Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Guanghua Clinical Medical CollegeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative MedicineShanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Dongyi He
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Guanghua Clinical Medical CollegeShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative MedicineShanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
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Wang H, Zhang R, Shen J, Jin Y, Chang C, Hong M, Guo S, He D. Circulating Level of Blood Iron and Copper Associated with Inflammation and Disease Activity of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:90-97. [PMID: 35344152 PMCID: PMC9823016 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03148-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to compare the concentrations of circulating levels of iron, zinc, and copper in blood samples of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients which determine the correlations with inflammation and disease activity. A total of 102 RA patients and 66 healthy controls were enrolled. Circulation of iron, zinc, and copper levels in whole blood were assessed. Hemoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP) levels were collected. A meta-analysis was performed to validate our findings. Single and multiple variate generalized linear regression were applied to identify the correlation between trace elements and clinical characteristics. Blood copper level was significantly higher in RA patients (P < 0.001), while iron and zinc levels were decreased (P < 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively). Meta-analysis confirmed our findings for zinc (SMD = - 1.17, P < 0.001) and copper (SMD = 1.24, P < 0.001). Copper level was positively correlated with DAS28-CRP (r = 0.35, P < 0.01), CRP (r = 0.45, P < 0.01) and ESR (r = 0.58, P < 0.01). Iron level was negatively correlated with DAS28-CRP (r = - 0.37, P < 0.01), CRP (r = - 0.46, P < 0.01) and ESR (r = - 0.55, P < 0.01). Circulating blood copper was significantly higher and positively correlated with DAS28-CRP and inflammatory markers, while circulating blood iron was decreased and negatively correlated with DAS28-CRP and inflammatory markers in RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200052 China
| | - Runrun Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250001 China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200052 China
| | - Yehua Jin
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200052 China
| | - Cen Chang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200052 China
| | - Mengjie Hong
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200052 China
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Dongyi He
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200052 China
- Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, 200052 China
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miRNA-Mediated Epigenetic Regulation of Treatment Response in RA Patients—A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112989. [PMID: 36361779 PMCID: PMC9657910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the role of microRNAs (miRNA) as biomarkers of treatment response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients through a systematic review of the literature. The MEDLINE and Embase databases were searched for studies including RA-diagnosed patients treated with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) that identify miRNAs as response predictors. Review inclusion criteria were met by 10 studies. The main outcome of the study was the response to treatment, defined according to EULAR criteria. A total of 839 RA patients and 67 healthy donors were included in the selected studies. RA patients presented seropositivity for the rheumatoid factor of 74.7% and anti-citrullinated C-peptide antibodies of 63.6%. After revision, 15 miRNAs were described as treatment response biomarkers for methotrexate, anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF), and rituximab. Among treatments, methotrexate presented the highest number of predictor miRNAs: miR-16, miR-22, miR-132, miR-146a and miR-155. The most polyvalent miRNAs were miR-146a, predicting response to methotrexate and anti-TNF, and miR-125b, which predicts response to infliximab and rituximab. Our data support the role of miRNAs as biomarkers of treatment response in RA and point to DMARDs modifying the miRNAs expression. Nevertheless, further studies are needed since a meta-analysis that allows definitive conclusions is not possible due to the lack of studies in this field.
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Ainsworth RI, Hammaker D, Nygaard G, Ansalone C, Machado C, Zhang K, Zheng L, Carrillo L, Wildberg A, Kuhs A, Svensson MND, Boyle DL, Firestein GS, Wang W. Systems-biology analysis of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes implicates cell line-specific transcription factor function. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6221. [PMID: 36266270 PMCID: PMC9584907 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33785-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immune-mediated disease affecting diarthrodial joints that remains an unmet medical need despite improved therapy. This limitation likely reflects the diversity of pathogenic pathways in RA, with individual patients demonstrating variable responses to targeted therapies. Better understanding of RA pathogenesis would be aided by a more complete characterization of the disease. To tackle this challenge, we develop and apply a systems biology approach to identify important transcription factors (TFs) in individual RA fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) cell lines by integrating transcriptomic and epigenomic information. Based on the relative importance of the identified TFs, we stratify the RA FLS cell lines into two subtypes with distinct phenotypes and predicted active pathways. We biologically validate these predictions for the top subtype-specific TF RARα and demonstrate differential regulation of TGFβ signaling in the two subtypes. This study characterizes clusters of RA cell lines with distinctive TF biology by integrating transcriptomic and epigenomic data, which could pave the way towards a greater understanding of disease heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard I Ainsworth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Deepa Hammaker
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gyrid Nygaard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Cecilia Ansalone
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Camilla Machado
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lina Zheng
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lucy Carrillo
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andre Wildberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amanda Kuhs
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mattias N D Svensson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David L Boyle
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gary S Firestein
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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9
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Chen H, Xu J, Wei S, Jia Z, Sun C, Kang J, Guo X, Zhang N, Tao J, Dong Y, Zhang C, Ma Y, Lv W, Tian H, Bi S, Lv H, Huang C, Kong F, Tang G, Jiang Y, Zhang M. RABC: Rheumatoid Arthritis Bioinformatics Center. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 51:D1381-D1387. [PMID: 36243962 PMCID: PMC9825551 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in sequencing technologies have led to the rapid growth of multi-omics data on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, a comprehensive database that systematically collects and classifies the scattered data is still lacking. Here, we developed the Rheumatoid Arthritis Bioinformatics Center (RABC, http://www.onethird-lab.com/RABC/), the first multi-omics data resource platform (data hub) for RA. There are four categories of data in RABC: (i) 175 multi-omics sample sets covering transcriptome, epigenome, genome, and proteome; (ii) 175 209 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 105 differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs), 18 464 differentially DNA methylated (DNAm) genes, 1 764 KEGG pathways, 30 488 GO terms, 74 334 SNPs, 242 779 eQTLs, 105 m6A-SNPs and 18 491 669 meta-mQTLs; (iii) prior knowledge on seven types of RA molecular markers from nine public and credible databases; (iv) 127 073 literature information from PubMed (from 1972 to March 2022). RABC provides a user-friendly interface for browsing, searching and downloading these data. In addition, a visualization module also supports users to generate graphs of analysis results by inputting personalized parameters. We believe that RABC will become a valuable resource and make a significant contribution to the study of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jingxuan Kang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,The ABC Project, Harbin, China
| | - Xuying Guo
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Junxian Tao
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,The ABC Project, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Dong
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,The ABC Project, Harbin, China
| | - Yingnan Ma
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenhua Lv
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongsheng Tian
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuo Bi
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongchao Lv
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, China,Stat Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Fanwu Kong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guoping Tang
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Guoping Tang.
| | - Yongshuai Jiang
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Yongshuai Jiang. Tel: +86 451 86620941; Fax: +86 451 86620941;
| | - Mingming Zhang
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +86 451 86620941; Fax: +86 451 86620941;
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10
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-Omic Approaches and Treatment Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081648. [PMID: 36015273 PMCID: PMC9412998 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disorder characterized by an aberrant activation of innate and adaptive immune cells. There are different drugs used for the management of RA, including disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). However, a significant percentage of RA patients do not initially respond to DMARDs. This interindividual variation in drug response is caused by a combination of environmental, genetic and epigenetic factors. In this sense, recent -omic studies have evidenced different molecular signatures involved in this lack of response. The aim of this review is to provide an updated overview of the potential role of -omic approaches, specifically genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, to identify molecular biomarkers to predict the clinical efficacy of therapies currently used in this disorder. Despite the great effort carried out in recent years, to date, there are still no validated biomarkers of response to the drugs currently used in RA. -Omic studies have evidenced significant differences in the molecular profiles associated with treatment response for the different drugs used in RA as well as for different cell types. Therefore, global and cell type-specific -omic studies analyzing response to the complete therapeutical arsenal used in RA, including less studied therapies, such as sarilumab and JAK inhibitors, are greatly needed.
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11
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Cheng F, Li H, Liu J, Yan F, Chen Y, Hu H. EZH2 regulates the balance between osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation to inhibit arthritis-induced bone destruction. Genes Immun 2022; 23:141-148. [PMID: 35581496 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-022-00174-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has been noted to contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This study sought to investigate the mechanism of EZH2 in osteoclast (OCL) and osteoblast (OBL) differentiation (OCLD/OBLD) and bone destruction in RA. The animal model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was established, followed by arthritis index (AI) scoring and histological staining, and measurements of inflammatory cytokines levels. The number of OCLs was detected via Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, and levels of OBL markers were determined by Western blot analysis. Trimethylated histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) expression and its enrichment in the Ndrg2 promoter were detected. Collaborative experiments were performed with GSK-J1 or sh-Ndrg2 in CIA mice with EZH2 knockdown. EZH2 was upregulated while Ndrg2 was downregulated in knee joint tissues of CIA mice. Silencing EZH2 reduced AI scores, pathological injury of the knee joint, levels of inflammatory cytokines, and TRAP-positive cells, and increased protein levels of RUNX2 and BMP2. EZH2 promoted H3K27me3 level in the Ndrg2 promoter to inhibit Ndrg2 transcription. H3K27me3 upregulation or Ndrg2 downregulation reversed the role of silencing EZH2 in bone destruction. Overall, EZH2 repressed OBLD and promoted OCLD to aggravate bone destruction in CIA mice through H3K27me3/Ndrg2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huimin Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Lianyungang Oriental Hospital, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengfeng Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Lianyungang Oriental Hospital, Lianyungang, 222042, Jiangsu, China.
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12
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Zhang R, Jin Y, Chang C, Xu L, Bian Y, Shen Y, Sun Y, Sun S, Schrodi SJ, Guo S, He D. RNA-seq and Network Analysis Reveal Unique Chemokine Activity Signatures in the Synovial Tissue of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:799440. [PMID: 35602512 PMCID: PMC9116426 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.799440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the genome-wide expression patterns in the synovial tissue samples of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to investigate the potential mechanisms regulating RA occurrence and development. Methods Transcription profiles of the synovial tissue samples from nine patients with RA and 15 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) (control) from the East Asian population were generated using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to analyze all the detected genes and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using DESeq. To further analyze the DEGs, the Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) and the hub genes were identified by topology clustering with the Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE)-Cytoscape. The most important hub genes were validated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results Of the 17,736 genes detected, 851 genes were identified as the DEGs (474 upregulated and 377 downregulated genes) using the false discovery rate (FDR) approach. GSEA revealed that the significantly enriched gene sets that positively correlated with RA were CD40 signaling overactivation, Th1 cytotoxic module, overactivation of the immune response, adaptive immune response, effective vs. memory CD8+ T cells (upregulated), and naïve vs. effective CD8+ T cells (downregulated). Biological process enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were significantly enriched for signal transduction (P = 3.01 × 10-6), immune response (P = 1.65 × 10-24), and inflammatory response (P = 5.76 × 10-10). Molecule function enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were enriched in calcium ion binding (P = 1.26 × 10-5), receptor binding (P = 1.26 × 10-5), and cytokine activity (P = 2.01 × 10-3). Cellular component enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in the plasma membrane (P = 1.91 × 10-31), an integral component of the membrane (P = 7.39 × 10-13), and extracellular region (P = 7.63 × 10-11). The KEGG pathway analysis showed that the DEGs were enriched in the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (P = 3.05 × 10-17), chemokine signaling (P = 3.50 × 10-7), T-cell receptor signaling (P = 5.17 × 10-4), and RA (P = 5.17 × 10-4) pathways. We confirmed that RA was correlated with the upregulation of the PPI network hub genes, such as CXCL13, CXCL6, CCR5, CXCR5, CCR2, CXCL3, and CXCL10, and the downregulation of the PPI network hub gene such as SSTR1. Conclusion This study identified and validated the DEGs in the synovial tissue samples of patients with RA, which highlighted the activity of a subset of chemokine genes, thereby providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of RA pathogenesis and identifying potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runrun Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yehua Jin
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cen Chang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingxia Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqin Bian
- Guanghua Integrative Medicine Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Shen
- Guanghua Integrative Medicine Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Guanghua Integrative Medicine Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Songtao Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Steven J. Schrodi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Dongyi He
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
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13
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Wei K, Jiang P, Zhao J, Jin Y, Zhang R, Chang C, Xu L, Xu L, Shi Y, Guo S, He D. Biomarkers to Predict DMARDs Efficacy and Adverse Effect in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:865267. [PMID: 35418971 PMCID: PMC8995470 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.865267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), one of the most common immune system diseases, mainly affects middle-aged and elderly individuals and has a serious impact on the quality of life of patients. Pain and disability caused by RA are significant symptoms negatively affecting patients, and they are especially seen when inappropriate treatment is administered. Effective therapeutic strategies have evolved over the past few decades, with many new disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) being used in the clinic. Owing to the breakthrough in the treatment of RA, the symptoms of patients who could not be treated effectively in the past few years have been relieved. However, some patients complain about symptoms that have not been reported, implying that there are still some limitations in the RA treatment and evaluation system. In recent years, biomarkers, an effective means of diagnosing and evaluating the condition of patients with RA, have gradually been used in clinical practice to evaluate the therapeutic effect of RA, which is constantly being improved for accurate application of treatment in patients with RA. In this article, we summarize a series of biomarkers that may be helpful in evaluating the therapeutic effect and improving the efficiency of clinical treatment for RA. These efforts may also encourage researchers to devote more time and resources to the study and application of biomarkers, resulting in a new evaluation system that will reduce the inappropriate use of DMARDs, as well as patients’ physical pain and financial burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wei
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Yehua Jin
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Runrun Zhang
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Cen Chang
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingxia Xu
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Linshuai Xu
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Shi
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, United States.,Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Dongyi He
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
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14
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Chang C, Xu L, Zhang R, Jin Y, Jiang P, Wei K, Xu L, Shi Y, Zhao J, Xiong M, Guo S, He D. MicroRNA-Mediated Epigenetic Regulation of Rheumatoid Arthritis Susceptibility and Pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:838884. [PMID: 35401568 PMCID: PMC8987113 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.838884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating the transcriptome and development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Currently, a comprehensive map illustrating how miRNAs regulate transcripts, pathways, immune system differentiation, and their interactions with terminal cells such as fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), immune-cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts are still laking. In this review, we summarize the roles of miRNAs in the susceptibility, pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapeutic intervention, and prognosis of RA. Numerous miRNAs are abnormally expressed in cells involved in RA and regulate target genes and pathways, including NF-κB, Fas-FasL, JAK-STAT, and mTOR pathways. We outline how functional genetic variants of miR-499 and miR-146a partly explain susceptibility to RA. By regulating gene expression, miRNAs affect T cell differentiation into diverse cell types, including Th17 and Treg cells, thus constituting promising gene therapy targets to modulate the immune system in RA. We summarize the diagnostic and prognostic potential of blood-circulating and cell-free miRNAs, highlighting the opportunity to combine these miRNAs with antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP) to allow accurate diagnosis and prognosis, particularly for seronegative patients. Furthermore, we review the evidence implicating miRNAs as promising biomarkers of efficiency and response of, and resistance to, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and immunotherapy. Finally, we discuss the autotherapeutic effect of miRNA intervention as a step toward the development of miRNA-based anti-RA drugs. Collectively, the current evidence supports miRNAs as interesting targets to better understand the pathogenetic mechanisms of RA and design more efficient therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Chang
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingxia Xu
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Runrun Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yehua Jin
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wei
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linshuai Xu
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Shi
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Momiao Xiong
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, United States
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- *Correspondence: Shicheng Guo, ; Dongyi He,
| | - Dongyi He
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shicheng Guo, ; Dongyi He,
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15
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Zhao J, Wei K, Chang C, Xu L, Jiang P, Guo S, Schrodi SJ, He D. DNA Methylation of T Lymphocytes as a Therapeutic Target: Implications for Rheumatoid Arthritis Etiology. Front Immunol 2022; 13:863703. [PMID: 35309322 PMCID: PMC8927780 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.863703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that can cause joint damage and disability. Epigenetic variation, especially DNA methylation, has been shown to be involved in almost all the stages of the pathology of RA, from autoantibody production to various self-effector T cells and the defects of protective T cells that can lead to chronic inflammation and erosion of bones and joints. Given the critical role of T cells in the pathology of RA, the regulatory functions of DNA methylation in T cell biology remain unclear. In this review, we elaborate on the relationship between RA pathogenesis and DNA methylation in the context of different T cell populations. We summarize the relevant methylation events in T cell development, differentiation, and T cell-related genes in disease prediction and drug efficacy. Understanding the epigenetic regulation of T cells has the potential to profoundly translate preclinical results into clinical practice and provide a framework for the development of novel, individualized RA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Zhao
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wei
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cen Chang
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingxia Xu
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Steven J Schrodi
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Dongyi He
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
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16
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Machida M, Machida T, Kikuchi M, Shimizu A, Ida S, Tawaraya Y, Kato R, Haramaki K, Yama K, Shiga S, Hirafuji M, Iizuka K. Methotrexate mediates the integrity of intestinal stem cells partly through nitric oxide-dependent Wnt/β-catenin signaling in methotrexate-induced rat ileal mucositis. J Pharmacol Sci 2022; 148:281-285. [PMID: 35177206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in intestinal stem cells in methotrexate-induced ileal mucositis in rats. Methotrexate induced the mRNA expressions of the Wnt/β-catenin target genes Wnt3a, Sox9, and Lgr5 and the Wnt-antagonist gene sFRP-1 and the protein expressions of Lgr5 and sFRP-1. Methotrexate also induced Lgr5+ cells and lysozyme+ cells. A non-selective NO inhibitor inhibited the methotrexate induction of Wnt/β-catenin target genes and Lgr5+ cells but enhanced that of sFRP-1 expression. Thus, methotrexate mediates the integrity of intestinal stem cells partly through NO-dependent Wnt/β-catenin signaling and may enhance tolerability to methotrexate-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Machida
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Takuji Machida
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
| | - Masaki Kikuchi
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Ayaka Shimizu
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Syunsuke Ida
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tawaraya
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Risa Kato
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Keisuke Haramaki
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Kaori Yama
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Saki Shiga
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Masahiko Hirafuji
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Kenji Iizuka
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
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17
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Quelhas P, Cerski C, Dos Santos JL. Update on Etiology and Pathogenesis of Biliary Atresia. Curr Pediatr Rev 2022; 19:48-67. [PMID: 35538816 DOI: 10.2174/1573396318666220510130259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Biliary atresia is a rare inflammatory sclerosing obstructive cholangiopathy that initiates in infancy as complete choledochal blockage and progresses to the involvement of intrahepatic biliary epithelium. Growing evidence shows that biliary atresia is not a single entity with a single etiology but a phenotype resulting from multifactorial events whose common path is obliterative cholangiopathy. The etiology of biliary atresia has been explained as resulting from genetic variants, toxins, viral infection, chronic inflammation or bile duct lesions mediated by autoimmunity, abnormalities in the development of the bile ducts, and defects in embryogenesis, abnormal fetal or prenatal circulation and susceptibility factors. It is increasingly evident that the genetic and epigenetic predisposition combined with the environmental factors to which the mother is exposed are potential triggers for biliary atresia. There is also an indication that a progressive thickening of the arterial middle layer occurs in this disease, suggestive of vascular remodeling and disappearance of the interlobular bile ducts. It is suggested that the hypoxia/ischemia process can affect portal structures in biliary atresia and is associated with both the extent of biliary proliferation and the thickening of the medial layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Quelhas
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cerski
- Department of Pathology, University Federal Rio Grande do Sul, 90040-060, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Jorge Luiz Dos Santos
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
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18
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Epigenome association study for DNA methylation biomarkers in buccal and monocyte cells for female rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23789. [PMID: 34893669 PMCID: PMC8664902 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetics (i.e., mutations) has been assumed to be the major factor in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) etiology, but accounts for a minority of the variance in disease risk for RA. In contrast to genetics, the environment can have dramatic impacts on epigenetics that associate with disease etiology. The current study used buccal cells and purified blood monocytes from two different clinical cohorts involving Caucasian or African American female populations with or without arthritis. The differential DNA methylation regions (DMRs) between the control and RA populations were identified with an epigenome-wide association study. The DMRs (i.e., epimutations) identified in the buccal cells and monocytes were found to be distinct. The DMR associated genes were identified and many have previously been shown to be associated with arthritis. Observations demonstrate DNA methylation epimutation RA biomarkers are cell type specific and similar findings were observed with the two racial background populations. Rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility epigenetic diagnosis appears feasible and may improve the clinical management of RA and allowpreventative medicine considerations.
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19
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Campagna MP, Xavier A, Lechner-Scott J, Maltby V, Scott RJ, Butzkueven H, Jokubaitis VG, Lea RA. Epigenome-wide association studies: current knowledge, strategies and recommendations. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:214. [PMID: 34863305 PMCID: PMC8645110 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01200-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aetiology and pathophysiology of complex diseases are driven by the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. The variability in risk and outcomes in these diseases are incompletely explained by genetics or environmental risk factors individually. Therefore, researchers are now exploring the epigenome, a biological interface at which genetics and the environment can interact. There is a growing body of evidence supporting the role of epigenetic mechanisms in complex disease pathophysiology. Epigenome-wide association studies (EWASes) investigate the association between a phenotype and epigenetic variants, most commonly DNA methylation. The decreasing cost of measuring epigenome-wide methylation and the increasing accessibility of bioinformatic pipelines have contributed to the rise in EWASes published in recent years. Here, we review the current literature on these EWASes and provide further recommendations and strategies for successfully conducting them. We have constrained our review to studies using methylation data as this is the most studied epigenetic mechanism; microarray-based data as whole-genome bisulphite sequencing remains prohibitively expensive for most laboratories; and blood-based studies due to the non-invasiveness of peripheral blood collection and availability of archived DNA, as well as the accessibility of publicly available blood-cell-based methylation data. Further, we address multiple novel areas of EWAS analysis that have not been covered in previous reviews: (1) longitudinal study designs, (2) the chip analysis methylation pipeline (ChAMP), (3) differentially methylated region (DMR) identification paradigms, (4) methylation quantitative trait loci (methQTL) analysis, (5) methylation age analysis and (6) identifying cell-specific differential methylation from mixed cell data using statistical deconvolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Campagna
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alexandre Xavier
- Centre for Information Based Medicine, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Jeannette Lechner-Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Division of Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Vicky Maltby
- Centre for Information Based Medicine, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Rodney J Scott
- Centre for Information Based Medicine, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Division of Molecular Medicine, New South Wales Health Pathology North, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Helmut Butzkueven
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vilija G Jokubaitis
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rodney A Lea
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
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20
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Zhao J, Guo S, Schrodi SJ, He D. Molecular and Cellular Heterogeneity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications. Front Immunol 2021; 12:790122. [PMID: 34899757 PMCID: PMC8660630 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.790122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that exhibits significant clinical heterogeneity. There are various treatments for rheumatoid arthritis, including disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), glucocorticoids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and inflammatory cytokine inhibitors (ICI), typically associated with differentiated clinical effects and characteristics. Personalized responsiveness is observed to the standard treatment due to the pathophysiological heterogeneity in rheumatoid arthritis, resulting in an overall poor prognosis. Understanding the role of individual variation in cellular and molecular mechanisms related to rheumatoid arthritis will considerably improve clinical care and patient outcomes. In this review, we discuss the source of pathophysiological heterogeneity derived from genetic, molecular, and cellular heterogeneity and their possible impact on precision medicine and personalized treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. We provide emphasized description of the heterogeneity derived from mast cells, monocyte cell, macrophage fibroblast-like synoviocytes and, interactions within immune cells and with inflammatory cytokines, as well as the potential as a new therapeutic target to develop a novel treatment approach. Finally, we summarize the latest clinical trials of treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis and provide a suggestive framework for implementing preclinical and clinical experimental results into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Zhao
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Steven J. Schrodi
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Dongyi He
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
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21
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Wang X, Chang J, Zhou G, Cheng C, Xiong Y, Dou J, Cheng G, Miao C. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound Huangqin Qingre Chubi Capsule Inhibits the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Through the CUL4B/Wnt Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:750233. [PMID: 34512369 PMCID: PMC8430027 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.750233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is still not fully clarified, and the development of therapeutic drugs for RA is particularly urgent. Our group studies a possibility that circ_ 0015756/miR-942-5p may participate in the pathogenesis of RA through disordered Cullin 4B (CUL4B) and the traditional Chinese medicine compound Huangqin Qingre Chubi Capsule (HQC) may inhibit the pathogenesis of RA through the CUL4B/Wnt pathway. Data showed that the expression of circ_0015756 increased not only in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) of RA, but also in synovium and FLS of CIA mice, and the expression of miR-942-5p decreased. Abnormal circ_0015756 up-regulated the CUL4B expression and activated the canonical Wnt signaling pathway by inhibiting the expression of miR-942-5p. Circ_0015756 participated in the pathogenesis of RA and promoted the abnormal proliferation of FLS. Further, circ_0015756 activated the secretion of IL-1 and IL-8 and promoted the production of RA pathological gene MMP3 and fibronectin. Further analysis showed that HQC inhibited the pathogenesis of RA through the CUL4B/Wnt pathway, and the specific target was CUL4B. HQC interfered with the effects of circ_0015756 on the pathogenesis of RA by inhibiting the CUL4B, showing a good therapeutic effect on RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, 4th Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guoliang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Fengyang, China
| | - Chenglong Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Youyi Xiong
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Fengyang, China
| | - Jinfeng Dou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Fengyang, China
| | - Gen Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Fengyang, China
| | - Chenggui Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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22
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Barik RR, Bhatt LK. Emerging epigenetic targets in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2021; 41:2047-2067. [PMID: 34309725 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-021-04951-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a complex disorder that is characterized by irreversible and progressive destructions of joints, but its exact etiology remains mainly unknown. The occurrence and the progression of the disease entirely depend on environmental and genetic factors. In recent years, various epigenetic changes involving DNA methylation, histone modification, miRNA, X-chromosome inactivation, bromodomain, sirtuin, and many others were identified that were found to be linked to the activation and the aggressive phenotype in rheumatoid arthritis. Epigenetics is found to be one of the root causes, which brings changes in the heritable phenotype and is not determined by changes in the DNA sequences and understanding these epigenetic mechanisms and the pathogenesis of the disease can help in understanding the disease and various other possible ways for its control and/or prevention. The various epigenetic modification occurring are reversible and can be modulated by drugs, diet, and environmental factors. This article focuses on various epigenetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Further, various epigenetic therapies that might be successful in inhibiting these epigenetic modifications are summarized. Several therapeutic agents alter the epigenetic modifications occurring in various diseases and many of the epigenetic therapies are under pre-clinical and clinical trial. However, exploring these epigenetic prognostic biomarkers would give a broader perspective and provide more ideas and knowledge regarding the process and pathways through which the diseases occur, and also combining various therapeutic agents would show more beneficial and synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reema R Barik
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, India.
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23
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Functional Interplay between Methyltransferases and Inflammasomes in Inflammatory Responses and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147580. [PMID: 34299198 PMCID: PMC8306412 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
An inflammasome is an intracellular protein complex that is activated in response to a pathogenic infection and cellular damage. It triggers inflammatory responses by promoting inflammatory cell death (called pyroptosis) and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Many types of inflammasomes have been identified and demonstrated to play a central role in inducing inflammatory responses, leading to the onset and progression of numerous inflammatory diseases. Methylation is a biological process by which methyl groups are transferred from methyl donors to proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular molecules. Methylation plays critical roles in various biological functions by modulating gene expression, protein activity, protein localization, and molecular stability, and aberrant regulation of methylation causes deleterious outcomes in various human diseases. Methylation is a key determinant of inflammatory responses and diseases. This review highlights the current understanding of the functional relationship between inflammasome regulation and methylation of cellular molecules in inflammatory responses and diseases.
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24
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Wardowska A. m6A RNA Methylation in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases-A New Target for Epigenetic-Based Therapy? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030218. [PMID: 33807762 PMCID: PMC8001529 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The general background of autoimmune diseases is a combination of genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors, that lead to defective immune reactions. This erroneous immune cell activation results in an excessive production of autoantibodies and prolonged inflammation. During recent years epigenetic mechanisms have been extensively studied as potential culprits of autoreactivity. Alike DNA and proteins, also RNA molecules are subjected to an extensive repertoire of chemical modifications. N6-methyladenosine is the most prevalent form of internal mRNA modification in eukaryotic cells and attracts increasing attention due to its contribution to human health and disease. Even though m6A is confirmed as an essential player in immune response, little is known about its role in autoimmunity. Only few data have been published up to date in the field of RNA methylome. Moreover, only selected autoimmune diseases have been studied in respect of m6A role in their pathogenesis. In this review, I attempt to present all available research data regarding m6A alterations in autoimmune disorders and appraise its role as a potential target for epigenetic-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wardowska
- Department of Embryology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
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