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Wang R, Lan C, Benlagha K, Camara NOS, Miller H, Kubo M, Heegaard S, Lee P, Yang L, Forsman H, Li X, Zhai Z, Liu C. The interaction of innate immune and adaptive immune system. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e714. [PMID: 39286776 PMCID: PMC11401974 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system serves as the body's first line of defense, utilizing pattern recognition receptors like Toll-like receptors to detect pathogens and initiate rapid response mechanisms. Following this initial response, adaptive immunity provides highly specific and sustained killing of pathogens via B cells, T cells, and antibodies. Traditionally, it has been assumed that innate immunity activates adaptive immunity; however, recent studies have revealed more complex interactions. This review provides a detailed dissection of the composition and function of the innate and adaptive immune systems, emphasizing their synergistic roles in physiological and pathological contexts, providing new insights into the link between these two forms of immunity. Precise regulation of both immune systems at the same time is more beneficial in the fight against immune-related diseases, for example, the cGAS-STING pathway has been found to play an important role in infections and cancers. In addition, this paper summarizes the challenges and future directions in the field of immunity, including the latest single-cell sequencing technologies, CAR-T cell therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. By summarizing these developments, this review aims to enhance our understanding of the complexity interactions between innate and adaptive immunity and provides new perspectives in understanding the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyuan Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Caini Lan
- Cancer Center Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Kamel Benlagha
- Alloimmunity, Autoimmunity and Transplantation Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, EMiLy, INSERM U1160 Paris France
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara
- Department of Immunology Institute of Biomedical Sciences University of São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Heather Miller
- Coxiella Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology Rocky Mountain Laboratories National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health Hamilton Montana USA
| | - Masato Kubo
- Division of Molecular Pathology Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (RIBS) Tokyo University of Science Noda Chiba Japan
| | - Steffen Heegaard
- Department of Ophthalmology Rigshospitalet Hospital Copenhagen University Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Pamela Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology School of Basic Medicine Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Huamei Forsman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Xingrui Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Zhimin Zhai
- Department of Hematology The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei China
| | - Chaohong Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology School of Basic Medicine Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
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2
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Morosi LG, Piperno GM, López L, Amadio R, Joshi S, Rustighi A, Del Sal G, Benvenuti F. ALCAM-mediated cDC1 CD8 T cells interactions are suppressed in advanced lung tumors. Oncoimmunology 2024; 13:2367843. [PMID: 38887373 PMCID: PMC11181928 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2024.2367843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1) are critical regulators of anti-tumoral T-cell responses. The structure and abundance of intercellular contacts between cDC1 and CD8 T cells in cancer tissues is important to determine the outcome of the T-cell response. However, the molecular determinants controlling the stability of cDC1-CD8 interactions during cancer progression remain poorly investigated. Here, we generated a genetic model of non-small cell lung cancer crossed to a fluorescent cDC1 reporter (KP-XCR1venus) to allow the detection of cDC1-CD8T cell clusters in tumor tissues across tumor stages. We found that cDC1-CD8 clusters are abundant and productive at the early stages of tumor development but progressively diminish in advanced tumors. Transcriptional profiling and flow cytometry identified the adhesion molecule ALCAM/CD166 (Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule, ligand of CD6) as highly expressed by lung cDC1 and significantly downregulated in advanced tumors. Analysis of human datasets indicated that ALCAM is downregulated in non-small cell lung cancer and its expression correlates to better prognosis. Mechanistically, triggering ALCAM on lung cDC1 induces cytoskeletal remodeling and contact formation whereas its blockade prevents T-cell activation. Together, our results indicate that ALCAM is important to stabilize cDC1-CD8 interactions at early tumor stages, while its loss in advanced tumors contributes to immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano G. Morosi
- Cellular Immunology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia M. Piperno
- Cellular Immunology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Lucía López
- Cellular Immunology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberto Amadio
- Cellular Immunology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Sonal Joshi
- Cellular Immunology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rustighi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Cancer Cell Signaling, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Giannino Del Sal
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Cancer Cell Signaling, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
- IFOM ETS, The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Benvenuti
- Cellular Immunology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
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3
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Dombroski JA, Antunovic M, Schaffer KR, Hurley PJ, King MR. Activation of Dendritic Cells Isolated from the Blood of Patients with Prostate Cancer by Ex Vivo Fluid Shear Stress Stimulation. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e933. [PMID: 38047658 PMCID: PMC11178276 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers among men in the United States and a leading cause of cancer-related death in men. Treatment options for patients with advanced prostate cancer include hormone therapies, chemotherapies, radioligand therapies, and immunotherapies. Provenge (sipuleucel-T) is an autologous cancer-vaccine-based immunotherapy approved for men with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Administration of sipuleucel-T involves leukapheresis of patient blood to isolate antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs), and subsequent incubation of isolated APCs with both an antigen, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) before their infusion back into the patient. Although sipuleucel-T has been shown to improve overall survival, other meaningful outcomes, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and radiographic response, are inconsistent. This lack of robust response may be due to limited ex vivo activation of DCs using current protocols. Earlier studies have shown that many cell types can be activated ex vivo by external forces such as fluid shear stress (FSS). We hypothesize that novel fluid shear stress technologies and methods can be used to improve ex vivo efficacy of prostate cancer DC activation in prostate cancer. Herein, we report a new protocol for activating DCs from patients with prostate cancer using ex vivo fluid shear stress. Ultimately, the goal of these studies is to improve DC activation to expand the efficacy of therapies such as sipuleucel-T. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Sample collection and DC isolation Basic Protocol 2: Determination and application of fluid shear stress Basic Protocol 3: Flow cytometry analysis of DCs after FSS stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna A. Dombroski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Monika Antunovic
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Kerry R. Schaffer
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Paula J. Hurley
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Michael R. King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
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4
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Calzada-Fraile D, Sánchez-Madrid F. Reprogramming dendritic cells through the immunological synapse: A two-way street. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2350393. [PMID: 37598303 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) bridge innate and adaptive immunity. Their main function is to present antigens to prime T cells and initiate and shape adaptive responses. Antigen presentation takes place through intimate contacts between the two cells, termed immune synapses (IS). During the formation of IS, information travels towards the T-cell side to induce and tune its activation; but it also travels in reverse via engagement of membrane receptors and within extracellular vesicles transferred to the DC. Such reverse information transfer and its consequences on DC fate have been largely neglected. Here, we review the events and effects of IS-mediated antigen presentation on DCs. In addition, we discuss novel technological advancements that enable monitoring DCs interactions with T lymphocytes, the main effects of DCs undergoing productive IS (postsynaptic DCs, or psDCs), and how reverse information transfer could be harnessed to modulate immune responses for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Calzada-Fraile
- Intercellular Communication in the Inflammatory Response, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Intercellular Communication in the Inflammatory Response, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Immunology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
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5
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Liang F, Peng C, Luo X, Wang L, Huang Y, Yin L, Yue L, Yang J, Zhao X. A single-cell atlas of immunocytes in the spleen of a mouse model of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Cell Immunol 2023; 393-394:104783. [PMID: 37944382 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2023.104783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a disorder characterized by rare X-linked genetic immune deficiency with mutations in the Was gene, which is specifically expressed in hematopoietic cells. The spleen plays a major role in hematopoiesis and red blood cell clearance. However, to date, comprehensive analyses of the spleen in wild-type (WT) and WASp-deficient (WAS-KO) mice, especially at the transcriptome level, have not been reported. In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was adopted to identify various types of immune cells and investigate the mechanisms underlying immune deficiency. We identified 30 clusters and 10 major cell subtypes among 11,269 cells; these cell types included B cells, T cells, dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes, macrophages, granulocytes, stem cells and erythrocytes. Moreover, we evaluated gene expression differences among cell subtypes, identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and performed enrichment analyses to identify the reasons for the dysfunction in these different cell populations in WAS. Furthermore, some key genes were identified based on a comparison of the DEGs in each cell type involved in specific and nonspecific immune responses, and further analysis showed that these key genes were previously undiscovered pathology-related genes in WAS-KO mice. In summary, we present a landscape of immune cells in the spleen of WAS-KO mice based on detailed data obtained at single-cell resolution. These unprecedented data revealed the transcriptional characteristics of specific and nonspecific immune cells, and the key genes were identified, laying a foundation for future studies of WAS, especially studies into novel and underexplored mechanisms that may improve gene therapies for WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Liang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Radiology, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xianze Luo
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanyan Huang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Le Yin
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luming Yue
- Singleron Biotechnologies, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xiaodong Zhao
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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6
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Li C, Hou Y, He M, Lv L, Zhang Y, Sun S, Zhao Y, Liu X, Ma P, Wang X, Zhou Q, Zhan L. Laponite Lights Calcium Flickers by Reprogramming Lysosomes to Steer DC Migration for An Effective Antiviral CD8 + T-Cell Response. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303006. [PMID: 37638719 PMCID: PMC10602536 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy using dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination is an established approach for treating cancer and infectious diseases; however, its efficacy is limited. Therefore, targeting the restricted migratory capacity of the DCs may enhance their therapeutic efficacy. In this study, the effect of laponite (Lap) on DCs, which can be internalized into lysosomes and induce cytoskeletal reorganization via the lysosomal reprogramming-calcium flicker axis, is evaluated, and it is found that Lap dramatically improves the in vivo homing ability of these DCs to lymphoid tissues. In addition, Lap improves antigen cross-presentation by DCs and increases DC-T-cell synapse formation, resulting in enhanced antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell activation. Furthermore, a Lap-modified cocktail (Lap@cytokine cocktail [C-C]) is constructed based on the gold standard, C-C, as an adjuvant for DC vaccines. Lap@C-C-adjuvanted DCs initiated a robust cytotoxic T-cell immune response against hepatitis B infection, resulting in > 99.6% clearance of viral DNA and successful hepatitis B surface antigen seroconversion. These findings highlight the potential value of Lap as a DC vaccine adjuvant that can regulate DC homing, and provide a basis for the development of effective DC vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyan Li
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
- BGI college, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Hou
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Minwei He
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Liping Lv
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Sujing Sun
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Xingzhao Liu
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Ping Ma
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Zhou
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Linsheng Zhan
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
- BGI college, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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7
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Tietjen I, Schonhofer C, Sciorillo A, Naidu ME, Haq Z, Kannan T, Kossenkov AV, Rivera-Ortiz J, Mounzer K, Hart C, Gyampoh K, Yuan Z, Beattie KD, Rali T, Shuda McGuire K, Davis RA, Montaner LJ. The Natural Stilbenoid (-)-Hopeaphenol Inhibits HIV Transcription by Targeting Both PKC and NF-κB Signaling and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0160022. [PMID: 36975214 PMCID: PMC10112218 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01600-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite effective combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), people living with HIV (PLWH) continue to harbor replication-competent and transcriptionally active virus in infected cells, which in turn can lead to ongoing viral antigen production, chronic inflammation, and increased risk of age-related comorbidities. To identify new agents that may inhibit postintegration HIV beyond cART, we screened a library of 512 pure compounds derived from natural products and identified (-)-hopeaphenol as an inhibitor of HIV postintegration transcription at low to submicromolar concentrations without cytotoxicity. Using a combination of global RNA sequencing, plasmid-based reporter assays, and enzyme activity studies, we document that hopeaphenol inhibits protein kinase C (PKC)- and downstream NF-κB-dependent HIV transcription as well as a subset of PKC-dependent T-cell activation markers, including interleukin-2 (IL-2) cytokine and CD25 and HLA-DRB1 RNA production. In contrast, it does not substantially inhibit the early PKC-mediated T-cell activation marker CD69 production of IL-6 or NF-κB signaling induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). We further show that hopeaphenol can inhibit cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) enzymatic activity required for HIV transcription. Finally, it inhibits HIV replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) infected in vitro and dampens viral reactivation in CD4+ cells from PLWH. Our study identifies hopeaphenol as a novel inhibitor that targets a subset of PKC-mediated T-cell activation pathways in addition to CDK9 to block HIV expression. Hopeaphenol-based therapies could complement current antiretroviral therapy otherwise not targeting cell-associated HIV RNA and residual antigen production in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Tietjen
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cole Schonhofer
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Maya E. Naidu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zahra Haq
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Karam Mounzer
- Jonathan Lax Immune Disorders Treatment Center, Philadelphia Field Initiating Group for HIV-1 Trials, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Colin Hart
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kwasi Gyampoh
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zhe Yuan
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Karren D. Beattie
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Topul Rali
- School of Natural and Physical Sciences, The University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
| | | | - Rohan A. Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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8
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Pritchard GH, Phan AT, Christian DA, Blain TJ, Fang Q, Johnson J, Roy NH, Shallberg L, Kedl RM, Hunter CA. Early T-bet promotes LFA1 upregulation required for CD8+ effector and memory T cell development. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20191287. [PMID: 36445307 PMCID: PMC9712775 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20191287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The T-box transcription factor T-bet is regarded as a "master regulator" of CD4+ Th1 differentiation and IFN-γ production. However, in multiple models of infection, T-bet appears less critical for CD8+ T cell expansion and effector function. Here, we show that following vaccination with a replication-deficient strain of Toxoplasma gondii, CD8+ T cell expression of T-bet is required for optimal expansion of parasite-specific effector CD8+ T cells. Analysis of the early events associated with T cell activation reveals that the α chain of LFA1, CD11a, is a target of T-bet, and T-bet is necessary for CD8+ T cell upregulation of this integrin, which influences the initial priming of CD8+ effector T cells. We propose that the early expression of T-bet represents a T cell-intrinsic factor that optimizes T-DC interactions necessary to generate effector responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen Harms Pritchard
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Anthony T. Phan
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - David A. Christian
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Trevor J. Blain
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| | - Qun Fang
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - John Johnson
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Nathan H. Roy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute and Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lindsey Shallberg
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ross M. Kedl
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| | - Christopher A. Hunter
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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9
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Xiao Q, Xia Y. Insights into dendritic cell maturation during infection with application of advanced imaging techniques. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1140765. [PMID: 36936763 PMCID: PMC10018208 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1140765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for the initiation and regulation of adaptive immune responses. When encountering immune stimulus such as bacterial and viral infection, parasite invasion and dead cell debris, DCs capture antigens, mature, acquire immunostimulatory activity and transmit the immune information to naïve T cells. Then activated cytotoxic CD8+ T cells directly kill the infected cells, while CD4+ T helper cells release cytokines to aid the activity of other immune cells, and help B cells produce antibodies. Thus, detailed insights into the DC maturation process are necessary for us to understand the working principle of immune system, and develop new medical treatments for infection, cancer and autoimmune disease. This review summarizes the DC maturation process, including environment sensing and antigen sampling by resting DCs, antigen processing and presentation on the cell surface, DC migration, DC-T cell interaction and T cell activation. Application of advanced imaging modalities allows visualization of subcellular and molecular processes in a super-high resolution. The spatiotemporal tracking of DCs position and migration reveals dynamics of DC behavior during infection, shedding novel lights on DC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xiao
- Genetic Engineering Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fungal Insecticide, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation Technologies Under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Qi Xiao,
| | - Yuxian Xia
- Genetic Engineering Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fungal Insecticide, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation Technologies Under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing, China
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10
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Wang S, Chen Y, Ling Z, Li J, Hu J, He F, Chen Q. The role of dendritic cells in the immunomodulation to implanted biomaterials. Int J Oral Sci 2022; 14:52. [PMCID: PMC9636170 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00203-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the substantial role played by dendritic cells (DCs) in the immune system to bridge innate and adaptive immunity, studies on DC-mediated immunity toward biomaterials principally center on their adjuvant effects in facilitating the adaptive immunity of codelivered antigens. However, the effect of the intrinsic properties of biomaterials on dendritic cells has not been clarified. Recently, researchers have begun to investigate and found that biomaterials that are nonadjuvant could also regulate the immune function of DCs and thus affect subsequent tissue regeneration. In the case of proteins adsorbed onto biomaterial surfaces, their intrinsic properties can direct their orientation and conformation, forming “biomaterial-associated molecular patterns (BAMPs)”. Thus, in this review, we focused on the intrinsic physiochemical properties of biomaterials in the absence of antigens that affect DC immune function and summarized the underlying signaling pathways. Moreover, we preliminarily clarified the specific composition of BAMPs and the interplay between some key molecules and DCs, such as heat shock proteins (HSPs) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). This review provides a new direction for future biomaterial design, through which modulation of host immune responses is applicable to tissue engineering and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Wang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Yanqi Chen
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Zhaoting Ling
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Jia Li
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Jun Hu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Fuming He
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Qianming Chen
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
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11
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Zhang Y, Hu W, Chen D, Ding M, Wang T, Wang Y, Chi J, Li Z, Li Q, Li C. An allergenic plant calmodulin from Artemisia pollen primes human DCs leads to Th2 polarization. Front Immunol 2022; 13:996427. [PMID: 36248805 PMCID: PMC9556433 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.996427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisia pollen is the major cause of seasonal allergic respiratory diseases in the northern hemisphere. About 28.57% of Artemisia allergic patients’ IgE can recognize ArtCaM, a novel allergenic calmodulin from Artemisia identified in this study. These patients exhibited stronger allergic reactions and a longer duration of allergic symptoms. However, the signaling mechanism that triggers these allergic reactions is not fully understood. In this study, we found that extracellular ArtCaM directly induces the maturation of human dendritic cells (DCs), which is attributed to a series of Ca2+ relevant cascades, including Ca2+/NFAT/CaMKs. ArtCaM alone induces inflammatory response toward Th1, Th17, and Treg. Interestingly, a combination of ArtCaM and anti-ArtCaM IgE led to Th2 polarization. The putative mechanism is that anti-ArtCaM IgE partially blocks the ArtCaM-induced ERK signal, but does not affect Ca2+-dependent cascades. The crosstalk between ERK and Ca2+ signal primes DCs maturation and Th2 polarization. In summary, ArtCaM related to clinical symptoms when combined with anti-ArtCaM IgE, could be a novel allergen to activate DCs and promote Th2 polarization. Such findings provide mechanistic insights into Th2 polarization in allergic sensitization and pave the way for novel preventive and therapeutic strategies for efficient management of such pollen allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Dermatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhi Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Dongbo Chen
- Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yaojun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaoni Chi
- Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chengxin Li, ; Qiang Li,
| | - Chengxin Li
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Dermatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chengxin Li, ; Qiang Li,
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12
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TLR agonist rMBP-NAP inhibits B16 melanoma tumor growth via induction of DCs maturation and T-cells cytotoxic response. Cytotechnology 2022; 74:459-467. [PMID: 36110155 PMCID: PMC9374861 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-022-00532-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer with increasing incidence and poor prognosis all over the world. Recent research has found that immunological abnormalities played a key role in the pathogenesis of melanoma. Increased understanding of tumor immune mechanisms has led to attract more attention for the potential of TLR agonists on treatment of melanoma. The present study aimed to determine the potential and efficacy of a novel TLR agonist rMBP-NAP for antitumor treatment in murine model of B16 melanoma. Subcutaneous administration of mice with rMBP-NAP remarkably inhibited tumor growth and tumor inhibitory rate was 77.72%. Additionally, rMBP‑NAP significantly upregulated the number of mature DCs (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the number and activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were prominently enhanced following rMBP-NAP stimulation (P < 0.05). Overall, these results demonstrated that rMBP-NAP possessed the potential to be a novel immunomodulatory candidate drug for treating melanoma.
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13
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Ndeupen S, Bouteau A, Herbst C, Qin Z, Jacobsen S, Powers NE, Hutchins Z, Kurup D, Diba LZ, Watson M, Ramage H, Igyártó BZ. Langerhans cells and cDC1s play redundant roles in mRNA-LNP induced protective anti-influenza and anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune responses. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010255. [PMID: 35073387 PMCID: PMC8812972 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleoside modified mRNA combined with Acuitas Therapeutics' lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) has been shown to support robust humoral immune responses in many preclinical animal vaccine studies and later in humans with the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. We recently showed that this platform is highly inflammatory due to the LNPs' ionizable lipid component. The inflammatory property is key to support the development of potent humoral immune responses. However, the mechanism by which this platform drives T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and humoral immune responses remains unknown. Here we show that lack of Langerhans cells or cDC1s neither significantly affected the induction of PR8 HA and SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific Tfh cells and humoral immune responses, nor susceptibility towards the lethal challenge of influenza and SARS-CoV-2. However, the combined deletion of these two DC subsets led to a significant decrease in the induction of PR8 HA and SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific Tfh cell and humoral immune responses. Despite these observed defects, these mice remained protected from lethal influenza and SARS-CoV-2 challenges. We further found that IL-6, unlike neutrophils, was required to generate normal Tfh cells and antibody responses, but not for protection from influenza challenge. In summary, here we bring evidence that the mRNA-LNP platform can support the induction of protective immune responses in the absence of certain innate immune cells and cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Ndeupen
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Aurélie Bouteau
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Baylor University, Department of Biomedical Studies, Waco, Texas, United States of America
| | - Christopher Herbst
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Zhen Qin
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sonya Jacobsen
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Nicholas E. Powers
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Zachary Hutchins
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Drishya Kurup
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Leila Zabihi Diba
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Megan Watson
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Holly Ramage
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Botond Z. Igyártó
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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14
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Bošnjak B, Do KTH, Förster R, Hammerschmidt SI. Imaging dendritic cell functions. Immunol Rev 2021; 306:137-163. [PMID: 34859450 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for the appropriate initiation of adaptive immune responses. During inflammation, DCs capture antigens, mature, and migrate to lymphoid tissues to present foreign material to naïve T cells. These cells get activated and differentiate either into pathogen-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells that destroy infected cells or into CD4+ T helper cells that, among other effector functions, orchestrate antibody production by B cells. DC-mediated antigen presentation is equally important in non-inflammatory conditions. Here, DCs mediate induction of tolerance by presenting self-antigens or harmless environmental antigens and induce differentiation of regulatory T cells or inactivation of self-reactive immune cells. Detailed insights into the biology of DCs are, therefore, crucial for the development of novel vaccines as well as the prevention of autoimmune diseases. As in many other life science areas, our understanding of DC biology would be extremely restricted without bioimaging, a compilation of methods that visualize biological processes. Spatiotemporal tracking of DCs relies on various imaging tools, which not only enable insights into their positioning and migration within tissues or entire organs but also allow visualization of subcellular and molecular processes. This review aims to provide an overview of the imaging toolbox and to provide examples of diverse imaging techniques used to obtain fundamental insights into DC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berislav Bošnjak
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kim Thi Hoang Do
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhold Förster
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155) Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover, Germany
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15
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Kwiecień I, Rutkowska E, Raniszewska A, Rzepecki P, Domagała-Kulawik J. Modulation of the immune response by heterogeneous monocytes and dendritic cells in lung cancer. World J Clin Oncol 2021; 12:966-982. [PMID: 34909393 PMCID: PMC8641004 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v12.i11.966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Different subpopulations of monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs) may have a key impact on the modulation of the immune response in malignancy. In this review, we summarize the monocyte and DCs heterogeneity and their function in the context of modulating the immune response in cancer. Subgroups of monocytes may play opposing roles in cancer, depending on the tumour growth and progression as well as the type of cancer. Monocytes can have pro-tumour and anti-tumour functions and can also differentiate into monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs). MoDCs have a similar antigen presentation ability as classical DCs, including cross-priming, a process by which DCs activate CD8 T-cells by cross-presenting exogenous antigens. DCs play a critical role in generating anti-tumour CD8 T-cell immunity. DCs have plastic characteristics and show distinct phenotypes depending on their mature state and depending on the influence of the tumour microenvironment. MoDCs and other DC subsets have been attracting increased interest owing to their possible beneficial effects in cancer immunotherapy. This review also highlights key strategies deploying specific DC subpopulations in combination with other therapies to enhance the anti-tumour response and summarizes the latest ongoing and completed clinical trials using DCs in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Kwiecień
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Hematology and Flow Cytometry, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Rutkowska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Hematology and Flow Cytometry, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
| | - Agata Raniszewska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Hematology and Flow Cytometry, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
| | - Piotr Rzepecki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
| | - Joanna Domagała-Kulawik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-091, Poland
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16
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Zhou Q, Gu H, Sun S, Zhang Y, Hou Y, Li C, Zhao Y, Ma P, Lv L, Aji S, Sun S, Wang X, Zhan L. Large-Sized Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Increase DC-T-Cell Synaptic Contact and the Efficacy of DC Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2102528. [PMID: 34396603 PMCID: PMC8420123 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) vaccines are used for cancer and infectious diseases, albeit with limited efficacy. Modulating the formation of DC-T-cell synapses may greatly increase their efficacy. The effects of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on DCs and DC-T-cell synapse formation are evaluated. In particular, size-dependent interactions are observed between GO nanosheets and DCs. GOs with diameters of >1 µm (L-GOs) demonstrate strong adherence to the DC surface, inducing cytoskeletal reorganization via the RhoA-ROCK-MLC pathway, while relatively small GOs (≈500 nm) are predominantly internalized by DCs. Furthermore, L-GO treatment enhances DC-T-cell synapse formation via cytoskeleton-dependent membrane positioning of integrin ICAM-1. L-GO acts as a "nanozipper," facilitating the aggregation of DC-T-cell clusters to produce a stable microenvironment for T cell activation. Importantly, L-GO-adjuvanted DCs promote robust cytotoxic T cell immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 spike 1, leading to >99.7% viral RNA clearance in mice infected with a clinically isolated SARS-CoV-2 strain. These findings highlight the potential value of nanomaterials as DC vaccine adjuvants for modulating DC-T-cell synapse formation and provide a basis for the development of effective COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhou
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijing100850P. R. China
| | - Hongjing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyAcademy of Military Medical SciencesBeijing100071China
| | - Sujing Sun
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijing100850P. R. China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijing100850P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Hou
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijing100850P. R. China
| | - Chenyan Li
- BGI collegeZhengzhou UniversityHenan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical ScienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijing100850P. R. China
| | - Ping Ma
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijing100850P. R. China
| | - Liping Lv
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijing100850P. R. China
| | - Subi Aji
- Cold Spring Biotech CorporationBeijing110000P. R. China
| | - Shihui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyAcademy of Military Medical SciencesBeijing100071China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijing100850P. R. China
| | - Linsheng Zhan
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijing100850P. R. China
- BGI collegeZhengzhou UniversityHenan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical ScienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
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17
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Rodríguez-Fernández JL, Criado-García O. The Actin Cytoskeleton at the Immunological Synapse of Dendritic Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:679500. [PMID: 34409027 PMCID: PMC8366227 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.679500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are considered the most potent antigen-presenting cells. DCs control the activation of T cells (TCs) in the lymph nodes. This process involves forming a specialized superstructure at the DC-TC contact zone called the immunological synapse (IS). For the sake of clarity, we call IS(DC) and IS(TC) the DC and TC sides of the IS, respectively. The IS(DC) and IS(TC) seem to organize as multicentric signaling hubs consisting of surface proteins, including adhesion and costimulatory molecules, associated with cytoplasmic components, which comprise cytoskeletal proteins and signaling molecules. Most of the studies on the IS have focused on the IS(TC), and the information on the IS(DC) is still sparse. However, the data available suggest that both IS sides are involved in the control of TC activation. The IS(DC) may govern activities of DCs that confer them the ability to activate the TCs. One key component of the IS(DC) is the actin cytoskeleton. Herein, we discuss experimental data that support the concept that actin polarized at the IS(DC) is essential to maintaining IS stability necessary to induce TC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Rodríguez-Fernández
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
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18
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Ndeupen S, Bouteau A, Herbst C, Qin Z, Hutchins Z, Kurup D, Diba LZ, Igyártó BZ. Langerhans cells and cDC1s play redundant roles in mRNA-LNP induced protective anti-influenza and anti-SARS-CoV-2 responses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2021:2021.08.01.454662. [PMID: 34373854 PMCID: PMC8351776 DOI: 10.1101/2021.08.01.454662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoside modified mRNA combined with Acuitas Therapeutics' lipid nanoparticles (LNP) have been shown to support robust humoral immune responses in many preclinical animal vaccine studies and later in humans with the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. We recently showed that this platform is highly inflammatory due to the LNPs' ionizable lipid component. The inflammatory property is key to support the development of potent humoral immune responses. However, the mechanism by which this platform drives T follicular helper cells (Tfh) and humoral immune responses remains unknown. Here we show that lack of Langerhans cells or cDC1s neither significantly affected the induction of PR8 HA and SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific Tfh cells and humoral immune responses, nor susceptibility towards the lethal challenge of influenza and SARS-CoV-2. However, the combined deletion of these two DC subsets led to a significant decrease in the induction of PR8 HA and SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific Tfh cell and humoral immune responses. Despite these observed defects, the still high antibody titers were sufficient to confer protection towards lethal viral challenges. We further found that IL-6, but not neutrophils, was required to generate Tfh cells and antibody responses. In summary, here we bring evidence that the mRNA-LNP platform can support protective adaptive immune responses in the absence of specific DC subsets through an IL-6 dependent and neutrophil independent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Ndeupen
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Aurélie Bouteau
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA
- Baylor University, Department of Biomedical Studies, Waco, TX
| | - Christopher Herbst
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Zhen Qin
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Zachary Hutchins
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Drishya Kurup
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Leila Zabihi Diba
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Botond Z. Igyártó
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA
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19
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Morelli AE, Sumpter TL, Rojas-Canales DM, Bandyopadhyay M, Chen Z, Tkacheva O, Shufesky WJ, Wallace CT, Watkins SC, Berger A, Paige CJ, Falo LD, Larregina AT. Neurokinin-1 Receptor Signaling Is Required for Efficient Ca 2+ Flux in T-Cell-Receptor-Activated T Cells. Cell Rep 2021; 30:3448-3465.e8. [PMID: 32160549 PMCID: PMC7169378 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient Ca2+ flux induced during cognate T cell activation requires signaling the T cell receptor (TCR) and unidentified G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). T cells express the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R), a GPCR that mediates Ca2+ flux in excitable and non-excitable cells. However, the role of the NK1R in TCR signaling remains unknown. We show that the NK1R and its agonists, the neuropeptides substance P and hemokinin-1, co-localize within the immune synapse during cognate activation of T cells. Simultaneous TCR and NK1R stimulation is necessary for efficient Ca2+ flux and Ca2+-dependent signaling that sustains the survival of activated T cells and helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 bias. In a model of contact dermatitis, mice with T cells deficient in NK1R or its agonists exhibit impaired cellular immunity, due to high mortality of activated T cells. We demonstrate an effect of the NK1R in T cells that is relevant for immunotherapies based on pro-inflammatory neuropeptides and its receptors. The neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) induces Ca2+ flux in excitable cells. Here, Morelli et al. show that NK1R signaling in T cells promotes optimal Ca2+ flux triggered by TCR stimulation, which is necessary to sustain T cell survival and the efficient Th1- and Th17-based immunity that is relevant for immunotherapies based on pro-inflammatory neuropeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian E Morelli
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tina L Sumpter
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Mohna Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zhizhao Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Transplant Center, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Olga Tkacheva
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - William J Shufesky
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Callen T Wallace
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Biological Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; The McGowan Center for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Simon C Watkins
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Center for Biological Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; The McGowan Center for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alexandra Berger
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Louis D Falo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; The McGowan Center for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; The University of Pittsburgh Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; The UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adriana T Larregina
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; The McGowan Center for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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20
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Non-permissive human conventional CD1c+ dendritic cells enable trans-infection of human primary renal tubular epithelial cells and protect BK polyomavirus from neutralization. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009042. [PMID: 33592065 PMCID: PMC7886149 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) is a ubiquitous human virus that persists in the renourinary epithelium. Immunosuppression can lead to BKPyV reactivation in the first year post-transplantation in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. In KTRs, persistent DNAemia has been correlated to the occurrence of polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (PVAN) that can lead to graft loss if not properly controlled. Based on recent observations that conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) specifically infiltrate PVAN lesions, we hypothesized that those cells could play a role in BKPyV infection. We first demonstrated that monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs), an in vitro model for mDCs, captured BKPyV particles through an unconventional GRAF-1 endocytic pathway. Neither BKPyV particles nor BKPyV-infected cells were shown to activate MDDCs. Endocytosed virions were efficiently transmitted to permissive cells and protected from the antibody-mediated neutralization. Finally, we demonstrated that freshly isolated CD1c+ mDCs from the blood and kidney parenchyma behaved similarly to MDDCs thus extending our results to cells of clinical relevance. This study sheds light on a potential unprecedented CD1c+ mDC involvement in the BKPyV infection as a promoter of viral spreading. Dr Sylvia Gardner first discovered the BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) in the urine of a kidney-transplant recipient in 1970. In the 1990’s, the widespread use of potent immunosuppressive drugs such as tacrolimus, sirolimus or mycophenolate mofetil led to the emergence of BKPyV nephropathy. Recently, various studies reported a specific influx of myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) in the renal tissue of kidney-transplant patients who were diagnosed with a BKPyV nephropathy. MDCs are immune cells both residing in tissues and migrating to other organs or compartments like the blood when changes in their environment occur. Their main functions are the detection of danger signals such as pathogens or tumors and the processing of antigens to prime naïve specific effectors of the adaptive immune response. Although anti-BKPyV cellular immune responses have been investigated in post-transplant recipients as well as healthy individuals, supporting an active role of mDCs little is known about how mDCs and BKPyV interact with each other. Our study provides the basis to understand the role played by mDCs in virus capture through an unprecedented endocytic mechanism and possibly in viral protection from neutralization by specific antibodies. Moreover, we showed that mDCs are unable to sense BKPyV particles or BKPyV-infected dying cells as a danger signal, supporting the view that other DC subsets might act as the true antigen presenting cells that promote the adaptive immune response against BKPyV infection.
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21
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Alcaraz-Serna A, Bustos-Morán E, Fernández-Delgado I, Calzada-Fraile D, Torralba D, Marina-Zárate E, Lorenzo-Vivas E, Vázquez E, Barreto de Albuquerque J, Ruef N, Gómez MJ, Sánchez-Cabo F, Dopazo A, Stein JV, Ramiro A, Sánchez-Madrid F. Immune synapse instructs epigenomic and transcriptomic functional reprogramming in dendritic cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabb9965. [PMID: 33536205 PMCID: PMC7857677 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb9965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the fate of dendritic cells (DCs) after productive immune synapses (postsynaptic DCs) with T cells during antigen presentation has been largely neglected in favor of deciphering the nuances of T cell activation and memory generation. Here, we describe that postsynaptic DCs switch their transcriptomic signature, correlating with epigenomic changes including DNA accessibility and histone methylation. We focus on the chemokine receptor Ccr7 as a proof-of-concept gene that is increased in postsynaptic DCs. Consistent with our epigenomic observations, postsynaptic DCs migrate more efficiently toward CCL19 in vitro and display enhanced homing to draining lymph nodes in vivo. This work describes a previously unknown DC population whose transcriptomics, epigenomics, and migratory capacity change in response to their cognate contact with T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Alcaraz-Serna
- Immunology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eugenio Bustos-Morán
- Immunology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Fernández-Delgado
- Immunology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Calzada-Fraile
- Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Torralba
- Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Marina-Zárate
- Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Erika Lorenzo-Vivas
- Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Vázquez
- Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Nora Ruef
- Department of Oncology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Manuel José Gómez
- Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Sánchez-Cabo
- Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Dopazo
- Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jens V Stein
- Department of Oncology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Almudena Ramiro
- Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Immunology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
- Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Spain
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22
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The Functional Crosstalk between Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Regulatory T Cells within the Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020210. [PMID: 33430105 PMCID: PMC7827203 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/1970] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Immunotherapy improved the therapeutic landscape for patients with advanced cancer diseases. However, many patients do not benefit from immunotherapy. The bidirectional crosstalk between myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and regulatory T cells (Treg) contributes to immune evasion, limiting the success of immunotherapy by checkpoint inhibitors. This review aims to outline the current knowledge of the role and the immunosuppressive properties of MDSC and Treg within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Furthermore, we will discuss the importance of the functional crosstalk between MDSC and Treg for immunosuppression, issuing particularly the role of cell adhesion molecules. Lastly, we will depict the impact of this interaction for cancer research and discuss several strategies aimed to target these pathways for tumor therapy. Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have led to profound and durable tumor regression in some patients with metastatic cancer diseases. However, many patients still do not derive benefit from immunotherapy. Here, the accumulation of immunosuppressive cell populations within the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), and regulatory T cells (Treg), contributes to the development of immune resistance. MDSC and Treg expand systematically in tumor patients and inhibit T cell activation and T effector cell function. Numerous studies have shown that the immunosuppressive mechanisms exerted by those inhibitory cell populations comprise soluble immunomodulatory mediators and receptor interactions. The latter are also required for the crosstalk of MDSC and Treg, raising questions about the relevance of cell–cell contacts for the establishment of their inhibitory properties. This review aims to outline the current knowledge on the crosstalk between these two cell populations, issuing particularly the potential role of cell adhesion molecules. In this regard, we further discuss the relevance of β2 integrins, which are essential for the differentiation and function of leukocytes as well as for MDSC–Treg interaction. Lastly, we aim to describe the impact of such bidirectional crosstalk for basic and applied cancer research and discuss how the targeting of these pathways might pave the way for future approaches in immunotherapy.
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Forte E, Panahi M, Baxan N, Ng FS, Boyle JJ, Branca J, Bedard O, Hasham MG, Benson L, Harding SE, Rosenthal N, Sattler S. Type 2 MI induced by a single high dose of isoproterenol in C57BL/6J mice triggers a persistent adaptive immune response against the heart. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:229-243. [PMID: 33249764 PMCID: PMC7810962 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is the common final pathway of several cardiovascular conditions and a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Aberrant activation of the adaptive immune system in response to myocardial necrosis has recently been implicated in the development of heart failure. The ß-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol hydrochloride is used for its cardiac effects in a variety of different dosing regimens with high doses causing acute cardiomyocyte necrosis. To assess whether isoproterenol-induced cardiomyocyte necrosis triggers an adaptive immune response against the heart, we treated C57BL/6J mice with a single intraperitoneal injection of isoproterenol. We confirmed tissue damage reminiscent of human type 2 myocardial infarction. This is followed by an adaptive immune response targeting the heart as demonstrated by the activation of T cells, the presence of anti-heart auto-antibodies in the serum as late as 12 weeks after initial challenge and IgG deposition in the myocardium. All of these are hallmark signs of an established autoimmune response. Adoptive transfer of splenocytes from isoproterenol-treated mice induces left ventricular dilation and impairs cardiac function in healthy recipients. In summary, a single administration of a high dose of isoproterenol is a suitable high-throughput model for future studies of the pathological mechanisms of anti-heart autoimmunity and to test potential immunomodulatory therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mona Panahi
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Nicoleta Baxan
- Biological Imaging CentreCentral Biomedical ServicesImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Fu Siong Ng
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Joseph J. Boyle
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | | | | | | | - Lindsay Benson
- Central Biomedical ServicesImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Sian E. Harding
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Susanne Sattler
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
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Macho LP, Center SA, Randolph JF, Dumars LA, Rush SE, Cameron MK, Lucy JM, Hall-Fonte DL, McDonough SP, Peters-Kennedy J, Marinoff J, Harrison J, Sabatino B, Deitz K. Clinical, clinicopathologic, and hepatic histopathologic features associated with probable ketoconazole-induced liver injury in dogs: 15 cases (2015-2018). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2020; 256:1245-1256. [PMID: 32412870 DOI: 10.2460/javma.256.11.1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize clinical, clinicopathologic, and hepatic histopathologic features and outcome for dogs with probable ketoconazole-induced liver injury. ANIMALS 15 dogs with suspected ketoconazole-induced liver injury that underwent liver biopsy. PROCEDURES Medical record data were summarized regarding signalment, clinical signs, clinicopathologic and hepatic histopathologic findings, concurrent medications, ketoconazole dose, treatment duration, and outcome. RESULTS Median age and body weight were 8.2 years (range, 5 to 15 years) and 13.0 kg (28.6 lb; range, 8.2 to 38.0 kg [18.0 to 83.6 lb]), respectively. The most common breed was Cocker Spaniel (n = 5). All dogs received ketoconazole to treat cutaneous Malassezia infections. Median daily ketoconazole dose was 7.8 mg/kg (3.5 mg/lb; range, 4.4 to 26.0 mg/kg [2.0 to 11.8 mg/lb]), PO. Treatment duration ranged from 0.3 to 100 cumulative weeks (intermittent cyclic administration in some dogs); 6 dogs were treated for ≤ 10 days. Common clinical signs included lethargy, anorexia, and vomiting. All dogs developed high serum liver enzyme activities. Hepatic histopathologic findings included variable lobular injury, mixed inflammatory infiltrates, and conspicuous aggregates of ceroid-lipofuscin-engorged macrophages that marked regions of parenchymal damage. Five dogs developed chronic hepatitis, including 3 with pyogranulomatous inflammation. Of the 10 dogs reported to have died at last follow-up, survival time after illness onset ranged from 0.5 to 165 weeks, with 7 dogs dying of liver-related causes. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Findings for dogs with hepatotoxicosis circumstantially associated with ketoconazole treatment suggested proactive monitoring of serum liver enzyme activities is advisable before and sequentially after initiation of such treatment.
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25
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Hung LY, Tanaka Y, Herbine K, Pastore C, Singh B, Ferguson A, Vora N, Douglas B, Zullo K, Behrens EM, Li Hui Tan T, Kohanski MA, Bryce P, Lin C, Kambayashi T, Reed DR, Brown BL, Cohen NA, Herbert DR. Cellular context of IL-33 expression dictates impact on anti-helminth immunity. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:5/53/eabc6259. [PMID: 33188058 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abc6259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a pleiotropic cytokine that can promote type 2 inflammation but also drives immunoregulation through Foxp3+Treg expansion. How IL-33 is exported from cells to serve this dual role in immunosuppression and inflammation remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the biological consequences of IL-33 activity are dictated by its cellular source. Whereas IL-33 derived from epithelial cells stimulates group 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2)-driven type 2 immunity and parasite clearance, we report that IL-33 derived from myeloid antigen-presenting cells (APCs) suppresses host-protective inflammatory responses. Conditional deletion of IL-33 in CD11c-expressing cells resulted in lowered numbers of intestinal Foxp3+Treg cells that express the transcription factor GATA3 and the IL-33 receptor ST2, causing elevated IL-5 and IL-13 production and accelerated anti-helminth immunity. We demonstrate that cell-intrinsic IL-33 promoted mouse dendritic cells (DCs) to express the pore-forming protein perforin-2, which may function as a conduit on the plasma membrane facilitating IL-33 export. Lack of perforin-2 in DCs blocked the proliferative expansion of the ST2+Foxp3+Treg subset. We propose that perforin-2 can provide a plasma membrane conduit in DCs that promotes the export of IL-33, contributing to mucosal immunoregulation under steady-state and infectious conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yin Hung
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yukinori Tanaka
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Karl Herbine
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christopher Pastore
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brenal Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Annabel Ferguson
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nisha Vora
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bonnie Douglas
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kelly Zullo
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edward M Behrens
- Division of Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tiffany Li Hui Tan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael A Kohanski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Paul Bryce
- Immunology and Inflammation Therapeutic Area, Sanofi US, Cambridge, MA 02319, USA
| | - Cailu Lin
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Taku Kambayashi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Breann L Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Noam A Cohen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center Surgical Service, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - De'Broski R Herbert
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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26
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Que W, Guo WZ, Li XK. Manipulation of Regulatory Dendritic Cells for Induction Transplantation Tolerance. Front Immunol 2020; 11:582658. [PMID: 33162996 PMCID: PMC7591396 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.582658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current organ transplantation therapy is life-saving but accompanied by well-recognized side effects due to post-transplantation systematic immunosuppressive treatment. Dendritic cells (DCs) are central instigators and regulators of transplantation immunity and are responsible for balancing allograft rejection and tolerance. They are derived from monocyte-macrophage DC progenitors originating in the bone marrow and are classified into different subsets based on their developmental, phenotypical, and functional criteria. Functionally, DCs instigate allograft immunity by presenting donor antigens to alloreactive T cells via direct, indirect, and semidirect recognition pathways and provide essential signaling for alloreactive T cell activation via costimulatory molecules and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Regulatory DCs (DCregs) are characterized by a relatively low expression of major histocompatibility complex, costimulatory molecules, and altered cytokine production and exert their regulatory function through T cell anergy, T cell deletion, and regulatory T cell induction. In rodent transplantation studies, DCreg-based therapy, by in situ targeting or infusion of ex vivo generated DCregs, exhibits promising potential as a natural, well-tolerated, organ-specific therapeutic strategy for promoting lasting organ-specific transplantation tolerance. Recent early-phase studies of DCregs have begun to examine the safety and efficacy of DCreg-induced allograft tolerance in living-donor renal or liver transplantations. The present review summarizes the basic characteristics, function, and translation of DCregs in transplantation tolerance induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Que
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wen-Zhi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Kang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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Barreda D, Ramón-Luing LA, Duran-Luis O, Bobadilla K, Chacón-Salinas R, Santos-Mendoza T. Scrib and Dlg1 polarity proteins regulate Ag presentation in human dendritic cells. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:883-893. [PMID: 32293058 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4ma0320-544rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported, for the first time, the expression and regulation of the PDZ polarity proteins Scrib and Dlg1 in human APCs, and also described the viral targeting of these proteins by NS1 of influenza A virus in human dendritic cells (DCs). Scrib plays an important role in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in Mϕs and uropod formation and migration in T cells, while Dlg1 is important for T cell downstream activation after Ag recognition. Nevertheless, the functions of these proteins in human DCs remain unknown. Here, we knocked-down the expression of both Scrib and Dlg1 in human DCs and then evaluated the expression of co-stimulatory molecules and cytokine production during maturation. We demonstrated that Scrib is necessary for adequate CD86 expression, while Dlg1 is important for CD83 up-regulation and IL-6 production upon maturation, suggesting that Scrib and Dlg1 participate in separate pathways in DCs. Additionally, both proteins are required for adequate IL-12 production after maturation. Furthermore, we showed that the inefficient maturation of DCs induced by Scrib or Dlg1 depletion leads to impaired T cell activation. Our results revealed the previously unknown contribution of Scrib and Dlg1 in human DCs pivotal functions, which may be able to impact innate and adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dante Barreda
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ENCB-IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Lucero A Ramón-Luing
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Olivia Duran-Luis
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karen Bobadilla
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rommel Chacón-Salinas
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ENCB-IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Teresa Santos-Mendoza
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
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Schrom EC, Levin SA, Graham AL. Quorum sensing via dynamic cytokine signaling comprehensively explains divergent patterns of effector choice among helper T cells. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1008051. [PMID: 32730250 PMCID: PMC7392205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the animal kingdom, various forms of swarming enable groups of autonomous individuals to transform uncertain information into unified decisions which are probabilistically beneficial. Crossing scales from individual to group decisions requires dynamically accumulating signals among individuals. In striking parallel, the mammalian immune system is also a group of decentralized autonomous units (i.e. cells) which collectively navigate uncertainty with the help of dynamically accumulating signals (i.e. cytokines). Therefore, we apply techniques of understanding swarm behavior to a decision-making problem in the mammalian immune system, namely effector choice among CD4+ T helper (Th) cells. We find that incorporating dynamic cytokine signaling into a simple model of Th differentiation comprehensively explains divergent observations of this process. The plasticity and heterogeneity of individual Th cells, the tunable mixtures of effector types that can be generated in vitro, and the polarized yet updateable group effector commitment often observed in vivo are all explained by the same set of underlying molecular rules. These rules reveal that Th cells harness dynamic cytokine signaling to implement a system of quorum sensing. Quorum sensing, in turn, may confer adaptive advantages on the mammalian immune system, especially during coinfection and during coevolution with manipulative parasites. This highlights a new way of understanding the mammalian immune system as a cellular swarm, and it underscores the power of collectives throughout nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward C. Schrom
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Simon A. Levin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Andrea L. Graham
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
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González-Mancha N, Mérida I. Interplay Between SNX27 and DAG Metabolism in the Control of Trafficking and Signaling at the IS. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124254. [PMID: 32549284 PMCID: PMC7352468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recognition of antigens displayed on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell (APC) by T-cell receptors (TCR) of a T lymphocyte leads to the formation of a specialized contact between both cells named the immune synapse (IS). This highly organized structure ensures cell–cell communication and sustained T-cell activation. An essential lipid regulating T-cell activation is diacylglycerol (DAG), which accumulates at the cell–cell interface and mediates recruitment and activation of proteins involved in signaling and polarization. Formation of the IS requires rearrangement of the cytoskeleton, translocation of the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) and vesicular compartments, and reorganization of signaling and adhesion molecules within the cell–cell junction. Among the multiple players involved in this polarized intracellular trafficking, we find sorting nexin 27 (SNX27). This protein translocates to the T cell–APC interface upon TCR activation, and it is suggested to facilitate the transport of cargoes toward this structure. Furthermore, its interaction with diacylglycerol kinase ζ (DGKζ), a negative regulator of DAG, sustains the precise modulation of this lipid and, thus, facilitates IS organization and signaling. Here, we review the role of SNX27, DAG metabolism, and their interplay in the control of T-cell activation and establishment of the IS.
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30
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Bednarczyk M, Stege H, Grabbe S, Bros M. β2 Integrins-Multi-Functional Leukocyte Receptors in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1402. [PMID: 32092981 PMCID: PMC7073085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
β2 integrins are heterodimeric surface receptors composed of a variable α (CD11a-CD11d) and a constant β (CD18) subunit and are specifically expressed by leukocytes. The α subunit defines the individual functional properties of the corresponding β2 integrin, but all β2 integrins show functional overlap. They mediate adhesion to other cells and to components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), orchestrate uptake of extracellular material like complement-opsonized pathogens, control cytoskeletal organization, and modulate cell signaling. This review aims to delineate the tremendous role of β2 integrins for immune functions as exemplified by the phenotype of LAD-I (leukocyte adhesion deficiency 1) patients that suffer from strong recurrent infections. These immune defects have been largely attributed to impaired migratory and phagocytic properties of polymorphonuclear granulocytes. The molecular base for this inherited disease is a functional impairment of β2 integrins due to mutations within the CD18 gene. LAD-I patients are also predisposed for autoimmune diseases. In agreement, polymorphisms within the CD11b gene have been associated with autoimmunity. Consequently, β2 integrins have received growing interest as targets in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Moreover, β2 integrin activity on leukocytes has been implicated in tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (H.S.); (S.G.)
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Zheng C, Chen J, Chu F, Zhu J, Jin T. Inflammatory Role of TLR-MyD88 Signaling in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 12:314. [PMID: 31998072 PMCID: PMC6965019 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuro-autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorder leading to chronic inflammation, demyelination, axonal, and neuronal loss in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite intense research efforts, the pathogenesis of MS still remains unclear. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of type I transmembrane receptors that play a crucial role in the innate immune response. Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is the adaptor of major TLRs. It has been widely considered that the TLR-MyD88 signaling pathway plays an important role in the occurrence and development of autoimmune disease. Data have revealed that the TLR-MyD88 signaling may be involved in the pathogenesis of MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for MS, by regulating the antigen presentation of dendritic cells, the integrity of blood-brain barrier (BBB), and the activation of T cells and B cells. Here, we summarize the role of TLRs and MyD88 in MS and discuss the possible therapies that are based on these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zheng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingtao Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fengna Chu
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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32
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Siokis A, Robert PA, Demetriou P, Dustin ML, Meyer-Hermann M. F-Actin-Driven CD28-CD80 Localization in the Immune Synapse. Cell Rep 2019; 24:1151-1162. [PMID: 30067972 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.06.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
During immunological synapse (IS) formation, T cell receptor (TCR) signaling complexes, integrins, and costimulatory molecules exhibit a particular spatial localization. Here, we develop an agent-based model for the IS formation based on TCR peptide-bound major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) and leukocyte-function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) intracellular activation molecule 1 (ICAM-1) dynamics, including CD28 binding to a costimulatory ligand, coupling of molecules to the centripetal actin flow, and size-based segregation (SBS). A radial gradient of LFA-1 in the peripheral supramolecular activation cluster (pSMAC) toward the central supramolecular activation cluster (cSMAC) emerged as a combined consequence of actin binding and diffusion and modified the positioning of other molecules. The simulations predict a mechanism of CD28 movement, according to which CD28-CD80 complexes passively follow TCR-pMHC microclusters. However, the characteristic CD28-CD80 localization in a ring pattern around the cSMAC only emerges with a particular CD28-actin coupling strength that induces a centripetal motion. These results have implications for the understanding of T cell activation and fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Siokis
- Department of Systems Immunology and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38106, Germany
| | - Philippe A Robert
- Department of Systems Immunology and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38106, Germany.
| | - Philippos Demetriou
- Kennedy Institute, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Michael L Dustin
- Kennedy Institute, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK; Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Michael Meyer-Hermann
- Department of Systems Immunology and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38106, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig 38106, Germany.
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33
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Zhu FJ, Tong YL, Sheng ZY, Yao YM. Role of dendritic cells in the host response to biomaterials and their signaling pathways. Acta Biomater 2019; 94:132-144. [PMID: 31108257 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Strategies to enhance, inhibit, or qualitatively modulate immune responses are important for diverse biomedical applications such as vaccine adjuvant, drug delivery, immunotherapy, cell transplant, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. However, the clinical efficiency of these biomaterial systems is affected by the limited understanding of their interaction with complex host microenvironments, for example, excessive foreign body reaction and immunotoxicity. Biomaterials and biomedical devices implanted in the body may induce a highly complicated and orchestrated series of host responses. As macrophages are among the first cells to infiltrate and respond to implanted biomaterials, the macrophage-mediated host response to biomaterials has been well studied. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells that activate naive T cells and bridge innate and adaptive immunity. The potential interaction of DCs with biomaterials appears to be critical for exerting the function of biomaterials and has become an important, developing area of investigation. Herein, we summarize the effects of the physicochemical properties of biomaterials on the immune function of DCs together with their receptors and signaling pathways. This review might provide a complete understanding of the interaction of DCs with biomaterials and serve as a reference for the design and selection of biomaterials with particular effects on targeted cells. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biomaterials implanted in the body are increasingly applied in clinical practice. The performance of these implanted biomaterials is largely dependent on their interaction with the host immune system. As antigen-presenting cells, dendritic cells (DCs) directly interact with biomaterials through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognizing "biomaterial-associated molecular patterns" and generate a battery of immune responses. In this review, the physicochemical properties of biomaterials that regulate the immune function of DCs together with their receptors and signaling pathways of biomaterial-DC interactions are summarized and discussed. We believe that knowledge of the interplay of DC and biomaterials may spur clinical translation by guiding the design and selection of biomaterials with particular effects on targeted cell for tissue engineering, vaccine delivery, and cancer therapy.
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34
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Tallapaka SB, Karuturi BVK, Yeapuri P, Curran SM, Sonawane YA, Phillips JA, David Smith D, Sanderson SD, Vetro JA. Surface conjugation of EP67 to biodegradable nanoparticles increases the generation of long-lived mucosal and systemic memory T-cells by encapsulated protein vaccine after respiratory immunization and subsequent T-cell-mediated protection against respiratory infection. Int J Pharm 2019; 565:242-257. [PMID: 31077762 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Encapsulation of protein vaccines in biodegradable nanoparticles (NP) increases T-cell expansion after mucosal immunization but requires incorporating a suitable immunostimulant to increase long-lived memory T-cells. EP67 is a clinically viable, host-derived peptide agonist of the C5a receptor that selectively activates antigen presenting cells over neutrophils. We previously found that encapsulating EP67-conjugated CTL peptide vaccines in NP increases long-lived memory subsets of CTL after respiratory immunization. Thus, we hypothesized that alternatively conjugating EP67 to the NP surface can increase long-lived mucosal and systemic memory T-cells generated by encapsulated protein vaccines. We found that respiratory immunization of naïve female C57BL/6 mice with LPS-free ovalbumin (OVA) encapsulated in PLGA 50:50 NP (∼380 nm diameter) surface-conjugated with ∼0.1 wt% EP67 through 2 kDa PEG linkers (i) increased T-cell expansion and long-lived memory subsets of OVA323-339-specific CD4+ and OVA257-264-specific CD8a+ T-cells in the lungs (CD44HI/CD127/KLRG1) and spleen (CD44HI/CD127/KLRG1/CD62L) and (ii) decreased peak CFU of OVA-expressing L. monocytogenes (LM-OVA) in the lungs, liver, and spleen after respiratory challenge vs. encapsulation in unmodified NP. Thus, conjugating EP67 to the NP surface is one approach to increase the generation of long-lived mucosal and systemic memory T-cells by encapsulated protein vaccines after respiratory immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra B Tallapaka
- DILIsym Services Inc., Six Davis Drive, PO Box 12317, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA(1)
| | - Bala V K Karuturi
- Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc., 781 Chestnut Ridge Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA(1)
| | - Pravin Yeapuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986025 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6025, USA
| | - Stephen M Curran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986025 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6025, USA
| | - Yogesh A Sonawane
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Omaha, NE 68022, USA
| | - Joy A Phillips
- Donald P. Shiley BioScience Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92115, USA
| | - D David Smith
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Sam D Sanderson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986025 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6025, USA
| | - Joseph A Vetro
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986025 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6025, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986025 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6025, USA.
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Dong X, Wei L, Guo X, Yang Z, Wu C, Li P, Lu L, Qi H, Shi Y, Hu X, Wu L, Chen L, Liu W. Dlg1 Maintains Dendritic Cell Function by Securing Voltage-Gated K + Channel Integrity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:3187-3197. [PMID: 31028120 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play key roles in Ab responses by presenting Ags to lymphocytes and by producing proinflammatory cytokines. In this study, we reported that DC-specific knockout of discs large homologue 1 (Dlg1) resulted in a significantly reduced capacity to mediate Ab responses to both thymus-independent and thymus-dependent Ags in Dlg1 fl/flCd11c-Cre-GFP mice. Mechanistically, Dlg1-deficient DCs showed severely impaired endocytosis and phagocytosis capacities upon Ag exposure. In parallel, loss of Dlg1 significantly jeopardized the proinflammatory cytokine production by DCs upon TLR stimulation. Thus, Dlg1-deficient DCs lost their functions to support innate and adaptive immunities. At a cellular level, Dlg1 exhibited an indispensable function to maintain membrane potential changes by securing potassium ion (K+) efflux and subsequent calcium ion (Ca2+) influx events in DCs upon stimulation, both of which are known to be required for proper function of DCs. At a molecular level, Dlg1 did so by retaining the integrity of voltage-gated K+ channels (including Kv1.3) in DCs. The loss of Dlg1 led to a decreased expression of K+ channels, resulting in impaired membrane potential changes and, as a consequence, reduced proinflammatory cytokine production, compromised Ag endocytosis, and phagocytosis. In conclusion, this study provided, to our knowledge, a novel insight into Dlg1 and the voltage-gated K+ channels axis in DC functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Dong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Center for Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lisi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xueheng Guo
- Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,National Education Examinations Authority, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhiyong Yang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Chuan Wu
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20851
| | - Peiyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministry of Education/Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministry of Education/Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hai Qi
- Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Li Wu
- Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Liangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
| | - Wanli Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Center for Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
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36
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Gómez-Cabañas L, López-Cotarelo P, Criado-García O, Murphy MP, Boya P, Rodríguez-Fernández JL. Immunological Synapse Formation Induces Mitochondrial Clustering and Mitophagy in Dendritic Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2019; 202:1715-1723. [PMID: 30718295 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The immunological synapse (IS) is a superstructure formed during T cell activation at the zone of contact between T cells and dendritic cells (DCs). The IS includes specific molecular components in the T cell and DCs sides that may result in different functionality. Most of the studies on the IS have focused on the T cell side of this structure and, in contrast, the information available on the IS of DCs is sparse. Autophagy is a cellular process involved in the clearance of damaged proteins and organelles via lysosomal degradation. Mitophagy is the selective autophagy of damaged mitochondria. In this study, it is shown that IS formation induces clustering of mitochondria in the IS of DCs and partial depolarization of these organelles. At the IS of the DCs also accumulate autophagy and mitophagy markers, even when the kinase complex mTORC1, an inhibitor of the autophagy, is active. Together the results presented indicate that IS formation induces local clustering of mitochondria and mitophagy, which could be a homeostatic mechanism to control the quality of mitochondria in this region. The data underline the complexity of the regulatory mechanisms operating in the IS of DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gómez-Cabañas
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Pilar López-Cotarelo
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Olga Criado-García
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Michael P Murphy
- Medical Research Council-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Boya
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - José Luis Rodríguez-Fernández
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and
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37
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Shinde P, Khan N, Melinkeri S, Kale V, Limaye L. Freezing of dendritic cells with trehalose as an additive in the conventional freezing medium results in improved recovery after cryopreservation. Transfusion 2018; 59:686-696. [PMID: 30456902 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendritic cell (DC) vaccination involves administration of multiple doses. Cryopreservation of tumor antigen-pulsed DCs can provide a ready to use vaccine source and eliminate the need of frequent withdrawal of the patient's blood for vaccine preparation. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of addition of trehalose in the freezing medium on the recovery of DCs after cryopreservation. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS DCs were generated from mononuclear cells from apheresis samples of healthy donors. For long-term storage of 6 months, cells were frozen with a rate-controlled programmable freezer and stored in liquid nitrogen. For short-term storage of 1 month, cells were frozen and stored at -80°C. DCs frozen with Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Medium + 10% dimethyl sulfoxide + 20% fetal bovine serum served as the control group, while the test group was additionally supplemented with 50 μg/mL of trehalose. After revival of control and test DCs, they were assessed for viability, morphology, phenotype, and functions. RESULTS The addition of trehalose to the conventional freezing medium helped to preserve the viability and functionality of DCs better than dimethyl sulfoxide alone in both long- and short-term cryopreservation. Trehalose also protected the mitochondrial membrane potential and cytoskeleton integrity of DCs, which are necessary for their functionality. Mediators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway like Caspase-9 and Bim-1 were found to be low in the test. CONCLUSION Supplementation of conventional freezing medium with trehalose results in better quality of DCs revived after cryopreservation. This finding could help improve DC vaccine preparation for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikhat Khan
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India
| | - Sameer Melinkeri
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Unit, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital, Pune, India
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38
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Sanchez-Schmitz G, Stevens CR, Bettencourt IA, Flynn PJ, Schmitz-Abe K, Metser G, Hamm D, Jensen KJ, Benn C, Levy O. Microphysiologic Human Tissue Constructs Reproduce Autologous Age-Specific BCG and HBV Primary Immunization in vitro. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2634. [PMID: 30524426 PMCID: PMC6256288 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current vaccine development disregards human immune ontogeny, relying on animal models to select vaccine candidates targeting human infants, who are at greatest risk of infection worldwide, and receive the largest number of vaccines. To help accelerate and de-risk development of early-life effective immunization, we engineered a human age-specific microphysiologic vascular-interstitial interphase, suitable for pre-clinical modeling of distinct age-targeted immunity in vitro. Our Tissue Constructs (TCs) enable autonomous extravasation of monocytes that undergo rapid self-directed differentiation into migratory Dendritic Cells (DCs) in response to adjuvants and licensed vaccines such as Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) or Hepatitis B virus Vaccine (HBV). TCs contain a confluent human endothelium grown atop a tri-dimensional human extracellular matrix substrate, employ human age-specific monocytes and autologous non heat-treated plasma, and avoid the use of xenogenic materials and exogenous cytokines. Vaccine-pulsed TCs autonomously generated DCs that induced single-antigen recall responses from autologous naïve and memory CD4+ T lymphocytes, matching study participant immune-status, including BCG responses paralleling donor PPD status, BCG-induced adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity paralleling infant cohorts in vivo, and multi-dose HBV antigen-specific responses as demonstrated by lymphoproliferation and TCR sequencing. Overall, our microphysiologic culture method reproduced age- and antigen-specific recall responses to BCG and HBV immunization, closely resembling those observed after a birth immunization of human cohorts in vivo, offering for the first time a new approach to early pre-clinical selection of effective age-targeted vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Chad R Stevens
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ian A Bettencourt
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Peter J Flynn
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Klaus Schmitz-Abe
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.,Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Gil Metser
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David Hamm
- Adaptive Biotechnologies, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kristoffer J Jensen
- Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines, Bandim Health Project, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.,Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christine Benn
- Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines, Bandim Health Project, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
| | - Ofer Levy
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States
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39
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Tobacco smoke and nicotine suppress expression of activating signaling molecules in human dendritic cells. Toxicol Lett 2018; 299:40-46. [PMID: 30227238 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke has significant toxic effects on the immune system, and increases the risk of developing autoimmune diseases; one immunosuppressive effect of cigarette smoke is that it inhibits the T cell-stimulating, immunogenic properties of myeloid dendritic cells (DCs). As the functions of DCs are regulated by intra-cellular signaling pathways, we investigated the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and nicotine on multiple signaling molecules and other regulatory proteins in human DCs to elucidate the molecular basis of the inhibition of DC maturation and function by CSE and nicotine. Maturation of monocyte-derived DCs was induced with the TLR3-agonist poly I:C or with the TLR4-agonist lipopolysaccharide, in the absence or presence of CSE or nicotine. Reverse-phase protein microarray was used to quantify multiple signaling molecules and other proteins in cell lysates. Particularly in poly I:C-matured DCs, cigarette smoke constituents and nicotine suppressed the expression of signaling molecules associated with DC maturation and T cell stimulation, cell survival and cell migration. In conclusion, constituents of tobacco smoke suppress the immunogenic potential of DCs at the signaling pathway level.
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40
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Li X, Wang L, She L, Sun L, Ma Z, Chen M, Hu P, Wang D, Yang F. Immunotoxicity assessment of ordered mesoporous carbon nanoparticles modified with PVP/PEG. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 171:485-493. [PMID: 30077906 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
With large surface area and three-dimensional pore structure, mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (MCN) have attracted enormous interests as potential drug carriers. However, MCN immunotoxicity has not been clarified clearly up to now. Herein we reported the effect of MCN with and without PVP or DSPE mPEG2000 (PEG) modification on immune cells including dendritic cells (DCs), T lymphocytes and RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro. Furthermore, blood biochemical tests, alexin C3 assay and histological analysis were used to investigate the toxicity of MCN in vivo. The synthesized MCN with average particle size about 90 nm was naturally insoluble in water. Surface modification with PVP (MCN-PVP) or PEG (MCN-PEG) slightly increased the particle size and Zeta potential, and effectively improved the dispersion of mesoporous carbon. MCN, MCN-PVP and MCN-PEG promoted the differentiation and maturation of the DCs, while the levels of secreted TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly suppressed by MCN-PVP and MCN-PEG. These materials significantly induced apoptosis of T lymphocytes. The histopathologic results showed that there was no significant difference between nanoparticles with or without modification. Importantly, the materials deposition was observed in the lung, which could potentially inhibit lung metastasis. In conclusion, the ordered mesoporous carbon nanoparticles superficially modified by PVP or PEG perform well in immunological biocompatibility, and are likely to be a promising candidate as medicine carrier in pharmaceutics and clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Linzhao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan She
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Linhong Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengwei Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Torralba D, Baixauli F, Villarroya-Beltri C, Fernández-Delgado I, Latorre-Pellicer A, Acín-Pérez R, Martín-Cófreces NB, Jaso-Tamame ÁL, Iborra S, Jorge I, González-Aseguinolaza G, Garaude J, Vicente-Manzanares M, Enríquez JA, Mittelbrunn M, Sánchez-Madrid F. Priming of dendritic cells by DNA-containing extracellular vesicles from activated T cells through antigen-driven contacts. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2658. [PMID: 29985392 PMCID: PMC6037695 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction of T cell with antigen-bearing dendritic cells (DC) results in T cell activation, but whether this interaction has physiological consequences on DC function is largely unexplored. Here we show that when antigen-bearing DCs contact T cells, DCs initiate anti-pathogenic programs. Signals of this interaction are transmitted from the T cell to the DC, through extracellular vesicles (EV) that contain genomic and mitochondrial DNA, to induce antiviral responses via the cGAS/STING cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway and expression of IRF3-dependent interferon regulated genes. Moreover, EV-treated DCs are more resistant to subsequent viral infections. In summary, our results show that T cells prime DCs through the transfer of exosomal DNA, supporting a specific role for antigen-dependent contacts in conferring protection to DCs against pathogen infection. The reciprocal communication between innate and adaptive immune cells thus allow efficacious responses to unknown threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Torralba
- Vascular Pathophysiology Research Area, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Servicio de Inmunología, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Baixauli
- Vascular Pathophysiology Research Area, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Immunometabolism Department, Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Carolina Villarroya-Beltri
- Vascular Pathophysiology Research Area, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Servicio de Inmunología, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Fernández-Delgado
- Vascular Pathophysiology Research Area, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Servicio de Inmunología, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Latorre-Pellicer
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, CIBERER, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rebeca Acín-Pérez
- Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Area, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noa B Martín-Cófreces
- Vascular Pathophysiology Research Area, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Servicio de Inmunología, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Salvador Iborra
- Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Area, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Jorge
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Johan Garaude
- Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Area, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José Antonio Enríquez
- Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Area, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones en RED (CIBERFES), Melchor Fernández Almagro 9, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Mittelbrunn
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28041, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Biología Molecular, UAM-CSIC, Departamento de Biología Celular e Inflamación, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Vascular Pathophysiology Research Area, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,Servicio de Inmunología, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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42
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Fan Y, Naglich JG, Koenitzer JD, Ribeiro H, Lippy J, Blum J, Li X, Milburn C, Barnhart B, Zhang L, Fereshteh MP. Miniaturized High-Throughput Multiparameter Flow Cytometry Assays Measuring In Vitro Human Dendritic Cell Maturation and T-Cell Activation in Mixed Lymphocyte Reactions. SLAS DISCOVERY 2018; 23:742-750. [PMID: 29873570 DOI: 10.1177/2472555218775409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Enhancing antitumor activities of the human immune system is a clinically proven approach with the advent of monoclonal antibodies recognizing programmed cell death protein-1 (PD1) receptors on immune cell surfaces. Historically, using flow cytometry as a means to assess next-generation agent activities was underused, largely due to limits on cell number and assay sensitivity. Here, we leveraged an IntelliCyt high-throughput flow cytometry platform to monitor human dendritic cell maturation and lymphocyte proliferation in mixed lymphocyte reactions. Specifically, we established flow cytometry-based immunophenotyping and screening methodologies capable of measuring T-cell activation as a result of cell-associated antigens presented on dendritic cell surfaces, as indicated by cell proliferation, cytokine secretion, and surface marker expression. Together, the overall novelty of this 384-well platform is its capability to measure multiple functional readouts in one well and consistently evaluate large numbers of compounds in a single study, as well as its ability to show increased assay sensitivity requiring considerably fewer primary cells and less reagents compared to more traditional 96-well flow cytometry methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fan
- 1 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jordan Blum
- 1 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Xin Li
- 1 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Litao Zhang
- 1 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
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43
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Regulation of human dendritic cell immune functions by ion channels. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 52:27-31. [PMID: 29574094 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly specialized antigen-presenting cells (APCs) able to induce both specific immunity and immune tolerance. Using information gathered from the tissue where they reside, DCs adjust their functional activity to ensure that protective immunity is favoured while unwanted or exaggerated immune responses are prevented. The remarkable ability of these cells to induce, enhance and orient the immune response, while at the same time maintaining self-tolerance, makes them key players in the immune system. Despite the fact that the role of Ca2+ has been clearly established in human DC functions, the link between ion homeostasis, mainly Ca2+, and DC functions is not fully understood. After all, a growing number of works clearly show the role of SOCE and associated channels in the maturation step, and those of K+ channels in migration. This review highlights the key papers published over the past few years and summarizes prospects for the near future.
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44
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Vertii A, Kaufman PD, Hehnly H, Doxsey S. New dimensions of asymmetric division in vertebrates. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2018; 75:87-102. [DOI: 10.1002/cm.21434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anastassiia Vertii
- Department of MolecularCell and Cancer Biology University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcester Massachusetts
| | - Paul D. Kaufman
- Department of MolecularCell and Cancer Biology University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcester Massachusetts
| | - Heidi Hehnly
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologySUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuse New York13210
| | - Stephen Doxsey
- Program in Molecular Medicine University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcester Massachusetts
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45
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Prezzemolo T, van Meijgaarden KE, Franken KLMC, Caccamo N, Dieli F, Ottenhoff THM, Joosten SA. Detailed characterization of human Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific HLA-E restricted CD8 + T cells. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:293-305. [PMID: 29124751 PMCID: PMC6266868 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201747184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
HLA-E presented antigens are interesting targets for vaccination given HLA-Es' essentially monomorphic nature. We have shown previously that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) peptides are presented by HLA-E to CD8+ effector T cells, but the precise phenotype and functional capacity of these cells remains poorly characterized. We have developed and utilized in this study a new protocol combining HLA-E tetramer with intracellular staining for cytokines, transcription factors and cytotoxic molecules to characterize these cells in depth. We confirm in this study the significantly increased ex vivo frequency of Mtb-peptide/HLA-E-TM+ CD8+ T cells in the circulation of patients with active tuberculosis (TB). HLA-E restricted CD8+ T cells from TB patients produced more IL-13 than cells from controls or subjects with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Compared to total CD8+ T cells, HLA-E restricted cells produced more IFNγ, IL-4, IL-10, and granulysin but less granzyme-A. Moreover, compared to "classical" Mtb specific HLA-A2 restricted CD8+ T cells, HLA-E restricted CD8+ T cells produced less TNFα and perforin, but more IL-4. In conclusion, HLA-E restricted- Mtb specific cells can produce Th2 cytokines directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Prezzemolo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Central Laboratory for Advanced Diagnostics and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Kees L M C Franken
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nadia Caccamo
- Central Laboratory for Advanced Diagnostics and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Dieli
- Central Laboratory for Advanced Diagnostics and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Tom H M Ottenhoff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Simone A Joosten
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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46
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Schittenhelm L, Hilkens CM, Morrison VL. β 2 Integrins As Regulators of Dendritic Cell, Monocyte, and Macrophage Function. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1866. [PMID: 29326724 PMCID: PMC5742326 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that the β2 integrin family of adhesion molecules have an important role in suppressing immune activation and inflammation. β2 integrins are important adhesion and signaling molecules that are exclusively expressed on leukocytes. The four β2 integrins (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, and CD11d paired with the β2 chain CD18) play important roles in regulating three key aspects of immune cell function: recruitment to sites of inflammation; cell-cell contact formation; and downstream effects on cellular signaling. Through these three processes, β2 integrins both contribute to and regulate immune responses. This review explores the pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of β2 integrins in monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells and how they influence the outcome of immune responses. We furthermore discuss how imbalances in β2 integrin function can have far-reaching effects on mounting appropriate immune responses, potentially influencing the development and progression of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Therapeutic targeting of β2 integrins, therefore, holds enormous potential in exploring treatment options for a variety of inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Schittenhelm
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Catharien M Hilkens
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Vicky L Morrison
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Glasgow, United Kingdom
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47
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Rivers E, Thrasher AJ. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein: Emerging mechanisms in immunity. Eur J Immunol 2017; 47:1857-1866. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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48
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Shi Z, Greene WK, Nicholls PK, Hu D, Tirnitz-Parker JEE, Yuan Q, Yin C, Ma B. Immunofluorescent characterization of non-myelinating Schwann cells and their interactions with immune cells in mouse mesenteric lymph node. Eur J Histochem 2017; 61:2827. [PMID: 29046050 PMCID: PMC5572407 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2017.2827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) influences the immune system in a general fashion by regulating the systemic concentration of humoral substances, whereas the autonomic nervous system communicates specifically with the immune system according to local interactions. Data concerning the mechanisms of this bidirectional crosstalk of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and immune system remain limited. To gain a better understanding of local interactions of the PNS and immune system, we have used immunofluorescent staining of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), coupled with confocal microscopy, to investigate the non-myelinating Schwann cell (NMSC)-immune cell interactions in mouse mesenteric lymph nodes. Our results demonstrate i) the presence of extensive NMSC processes and even of cell bodies in each compartment of the mouse mesenteric lymph node; ii) close associations/interactions of NMSC processes with blood vessels (including high endothelial venules) and the lymphatic vessel/sinus; iii) close contacts/associations of NMSC processes with various subsets of dendritic cells (such as CD4+CD11c+, CD8+CD11c+ dendritic cells), macrophages (F4/80+ and CD11b+ macrophages), and lymphocytes. Our novel findings concerning the distribution of NMSCs and NMSC-immune cell interactions inside the mouse lymph node should help to elucidate the mechanisms through which the PNS affects cellular- and humoral-mediated immune responses or vice versa in health and disease.
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49
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CD9 Regulates Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Trafficking in Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells. Mol Cell Biol 2017; 37:MCB.00202-17. [PMID: 28533221 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00202-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen presentation by dendritic cells (DCs) stimulates naive CD4+ T cells, triggering T cell activation and the adaptive arm of the immune response. Newly synthesized major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) molecules accumulate at MHC-II-enriched endosomal compartments and are transported to the plasma membrane of DCs after binding to antigenic peptides to enable antigen presentation. In DCs, MHC-II molecules are included in tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs). However, the role of tetraspanin CD9 in these processes remains largely undefined. Here, we show that CD9 regulates the T cell-stimulatory capacity of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-dependent bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs), without affecting antigen presentation by fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L)-dependent BMDCs. CD9 knockout (KO) GM-CSF-dependent BMDCs, which resemble monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs), induce lower levels of T cell activation than wild-type DCs, and this effect is related to a reduction in MHC-II surface expression in CD9-deficient MoDCs. Importantly, MHC-II targeting to the plasma membrane is largely impaired in immature CD9 KO MoDCs, in which MHC-II remains arrested in acidic intracellular compartments enriched in LAMP-1 (lysosome-associated membrane protein 1), and MHC-II internalization is also blocked. Moreover, CD9 participates in MHC-II trafficking in mature MoDCs, regulating its endocytosis and recycling. Our results demonstrate that the tetraspanin CD9 specifically regulates antigenic presentation in MoDCs through the regulation of MHC-II intracellular trafficking.
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50
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Xie Z, Chen J, Zheng C, Wu J, Cheng Y, Zhu S, Lin C, Cao Q, Zhu J, Jin T. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 -induced dendritic cells suppress experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by increasing proportions of the regulatory lymphocytes and reducing T helper type 1 and type 17 cells. Immunology 2017; 152:414-424. [PMID: 28617989 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs), a bridge for innate and adaptive immune responses, play a key role in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for MS. Administration of tolerogenic DCs has been used as an immunotherapy in autoimmune diseases. Deficiency of vitamin D is an environmental risk factor of MS. In this study, we induced tolerogenic DCs by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and transferred the tolerogenic DCs (VD3 -DCs) into EAE mice by adoptive transfer. We found that VD3 -DCs inhibited the infiltrations of T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells into spinal cord and increased the proportions of regulatory T cells (CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ ), CD4+ IL-10+ T cells and regulatory B cells (CD19+ CD5+ CD1d+ ) in peripheral immune organs, which resulted in attenuated EAE. However, the proportions of T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells in spleen and lymph nodes and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and IgG in serum also increased after transfer of VD3 -DCs. We conclude that transfer of VD3 -DCs suppressed EAE by increasing proportions of regulatory T cells, CD4+ IL-10+ T cells and regulatory B cells in spleen and reducing infiltration of Th1 and Th17 cells into spinal cord, which suggests a possible immunotherapy method using VD3 -DCs in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiang Xie
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingtao Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yun Cheng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenhong Lin
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qingqing Cao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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