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Bao Y, Tong C, Xiong X. CXCL3: A key player in tumor microenvironment and inflammatory diseases. Life Sci 2024; 348:122691. [PMID: 38714265 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
CXCL3 (C-X-C Motif Chemokine 3), a member of the C-X-C chemokine subfamily, operates as a potent chemoattractant for neutrophils, thereby orchestrating the recruitment and migration of leukocytes alongside eliciting an inflammatory response. Recent inquiries have shed light on the pivotal roles of CXCL3 in the context of carcinogenesis. In the tumor microenvironment, CXCL3 emanating from both tumor and stromal cells intricately modulates cellular behaviors through autocrine and paracrine actions, primarily via interaction with its receptor CXCR2. Activation of signaling cascades such as ERK/MAPK, AKT, and JAK2/STAT3 underscores CXCL3's propensity to favor tumorigenic processes. However, CXCL3 exhibits dualistic behaviors, as evidenced by its capacity to exert anti-tumor effects under specific conditions. Additionally, the involvement of CXCL3 extends to inflammatory disorders like eclampsia, obesity, and asthma. This review encapsulates the structural attributes, biological functionalities, and molecular underpinnings of CXCL3 across both tumorigenesis and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Bao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; Queen Mary School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Chang Tong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xiangyang Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogens and Molecular Pathology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
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Demeter F, Németh Z, Kajdácsi E, Bihari G, Dobó J, Gál P, Cervenak L. Detrimental interactions of hypoxia and complement MASP-1 in endothelial cells as a model for atherosclerosis-related diseases. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14882. [PMID: 38937560 PMCID: PMC11211410 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64479-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Both hypoxia and the complement lectin pathway (CLP) are involved in atherosclerosis and atherosclerosis-related stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We have previously shown that mannose-binding lectin-associated serine protease-1 (MASP-1), the most abundant enzyme of CLP, induces an inflammatory phenotype of endothelial cells (ECs) by cleaving protease activated receptors (PARs). In the absence of data, we aimed to investigate whether hypoxia and MASP-1 interact at the level of ECs, to better understand their role in atherosclerosis-related diseases. Hypoxia attenuated the wound healing ability of ECs, increased ICAM-1 and decreased ICAM-2 expression and upregulated PAR2 gene expression. Hypoxia and MASP-1 increased GROα and IL-8 production, and endothelial permeability without potentiating each other's effects, whereas they cooperatively disrupted vascular network integrity, activated the Ca2+, CREB and NFκB signaling pathways, and upregulated the expression of E-selectin, a crucial adhesion molecule in neutrophil homing. VCAM-1 expression was not influenced either by hypoxia, or by MASP-1. In summary, hypoxia potentiates the effect of MASP-1 on ECs, at least partially by increasing PAR expression, resulting in interaction at several levels, which may altogether exacerbate stroke and AMI progression. Our findings suggest that MASP-1 is a potential drug target in the acute phase of atherosclerosis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flóra Demeter
- Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi U. 46, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Németh
- Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi U. 46, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
| | - Erika Kajdácsi
- Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi U. 46, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
- Research Group for Immunology and Hematology, Semmelweis University-HUN-REN-SU (Office for Supported Research Groups), Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Bihari
- Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi U. 46, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
| | - József Dobó
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Gál
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Cervenak
- Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi U. 46, Budapest, 1088, Hungary.
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Mercurio D, Pischiutta F, Seminara S, Tribuzio F, Lisi I, Pasetto L, Bonetto V, De Simoni MG, Schwaeble W, Yaseen S, Dudler T, Zanier ER, Fumagalli S. Inhibition of mannan-binding lectin associated serine protease (MASP)-2 reduces the cognitive deficits in a mouse model of severe traumatic brain injury. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:141. [PMID: 38807149 PMCID: PMC11134671 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The lectin pathway (LP) of complement mediates inflammatory processes linked to tissue damage and loss of function following traumatic brain injury (TBI). LP activation triggers a cascade of proteolytic events initiated by LP specific enzymes called MASPs (for Mannan-binding lectin Associated Serine Proteases). Elevated serum and brain levels of MASP-2, the effector enzyme of the LP, were previously reported to be associated with the severity of tissue injury and poor outcomes in patients with TBI. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of LP inhibition in TBI, we first conducted a pilot study testing the effect of an inhibitory MASP-2 antibody (α-MASP-2), administered systemically at 4 and 24 h post-TBI in a mouse model of controlled cortical impact (CCI). Treatment with α-MASP-2 reduced sensorimotor and cognitive deficits for up to 5 weeks post-TBI. As previous studies by others postulated a critical role of MASP-1 in LP activation, we conducted an additional study that also assessed treatment with an inhibitory MASP-1 antibody (α-MASP-1). A total of 78 mice were treated intraperitoneally with either α-MASP-2, or α-MASP-1, or an isotype control antibody 4 h and 24 h after TBI or sham injury. An amelioration of the cognitive deficits assessed by Barnes Maze, prespecified as the primary study endpoint, was exclusively observed in the α-MASP-2-treated group. The behavioral data were paralleled by a reduction of the lesion size when evaluated histologically and by reduced systemic LP activity. Our data suggest that inhibition of the LP effector enzyme MASP-2 is a promising treatment strategy to limit neurological deficits and tissue loss following TBI. Our work has translational value because a MASP-2 antibody has already completed multiple late-stage clinical trials in other indications and we used a clinically relevant treatment protocol testing the therapeutic mechanism of MASP-2 inhibition in TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Mercurio
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Pischiutta
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Seminara
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Tribuzio
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Lisi
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Pasetto
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Bonetto
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria-Grazia De Simoni
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Wilhelm Schwaeble
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Elisa R Zanier
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefano Fumagalli
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
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Meneghetti da Rosa J, Lidani KCF, Andrade FA, Sena L, Nisihara R, Ambrosio AR, Messias-Reason IJ. Mannose Binding Lectin and C3 Serum Levels in Coronary Artery Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study. Immunol Invest 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38634569 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2024.2337023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The process of tissue injury in coronary artery disease (CAD) has been associated with activation of the complement system, partly due to the action of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and C3, which are expressed in atherosclerotic lesions. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of MBL and C3 in patients with CAD and to compare them with healthy controls. Additionally, we aim to assess the correlation between MBL and C3 levels and cardiometabolic parameters. METHODS MBL and C3 serum concentration were determined by ELISA and immunoturbidimetry, respectively, in up to 119 patients undergoing coronary angiography for CAD evaluation, comprising 48 individuals diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and 71 without MI. A total of 93 paired healthy controls were included in the study. RESULTS Individuals with CAD had MBL serum concentration higher than controls (p = .002), regardless of the presence of MI (p = .006). In addition, high concentration of MBL (>2000 ng/mL) was more frequent in patients with CAD (p = .007; OR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.3-5.1). C3 levels were not significantly associated with any of the patient groups but were positively correlated with cardiometabolic parameters such as body mass index (BMI) and triglycerides levels. CONCLUSIONS Higher concentrations of MBL were found to be associated with CAD, whereas C3 levels were found to be associated with cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Meneghetti da Rosa
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Kárita Cláudia Freitas Lidani
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Antunes Andrade
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Léia Sena
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Renato Nisihara
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Altair Rogerio Ambrosio
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Iara J Messias-Reason
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
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Németh Z, Demeter F, Dobó J, Gál P, Cervenak L. Complement MASP-1 Modifies Endothelial Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4048. [PMID: 38612857 PMCID: PMC11012537 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial wound-healing processes are fundamental for the maintenance and restoration of the circulatory system and are greatly affected by the factors present in the blood. We have previously shown that the complement protein mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease-1 (MASP-1) induces the proinflammatory activation of endothelial cells and is able to cooperate with other proinflammatory activators. Our aim was to investigate the combined effect of mechanical wounding and MASP-1 on endothelial cells. Transcriptomic analysis showed that MASP-1 alters the expression of wound-healing-related and angiogenesis-related genes. Both wounding and MASP-1 induced Ca2+ mobilization when applied individually. However, MASP-1-induced Ca2+ mobilization was inhibited when the treatment was preceded by wounding. Mechanical wounding promoted CREB phosphorylation, and the presence of MASP-1 enhanced this effect. Wounding induced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression on endothelial cells, and MASP-1 pretreatment further increased VCAM-1 levels. MASP-1 played a role in the subsequent stages of angiogenesis, facilitating the breakdown of the endothelial capillary network on Matrigel®. Our findings extend our general understanding of endothelial wound healing and highlight the importance of complement MASP-1 activation in wound-healing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Németh
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.N.)
| | - Flóra Demeter
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.N.)
| | - József Dobó
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Gál
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Cervenak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.N.)
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Zhang T, Pang C, Xu M, Zhao Q, Hu Z, Jiang X, Guo M. The role of immune system in atherosclerosis: Molecular mechanisms, controversies, and future possibilities. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110765. [PMID: 38369442 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Numerous cardiovascular disorders have atherosclerosis as their pathological underpinning. Numerous studies have demonstrated that, with the aid of pattern recognition receptors, cytokines, and immunoglobulins, innate immunity, represented by monocytes/macrophages, and adaptive immunity, primarily T/B cells, play a critical role in controlling inflammation and abnormal lipid metabolism in atherosclerosis. Additionally, the finding of numerous complement components in atherosclerotic plaques suggests yet again how heavily the immune system controls atherosclerosis. Therefore, it is essential to have a thorough grasp of how the immune system contributes to atherosclerosis. The specific molecular mechanisms involved in the activation of immune cells and immune molecules in atherosclerosis, the controversy surrounding some immune cells in atherosclerosis, and the limitations of extrapolating from relevant animal models to humans were all carefully reviewed in this review from the three perspectives of innate immunity, adaptive immunity, and complement system. This could provide fresh possibilities for atherosclerosis research and treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Chenxu Pang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Mengxin Xu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Zhijie Hu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Maojuan Guo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China.
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Dobó J, Kocsis A, Farkas B, Demeter F, Cervenak L, Gál P. The Lectin Pathway of the Complement System-Activation, Regulation, Disease Connections and Interplay with Other (Proteolytic) Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1566. [PMID: 38338844 PMCID: PMC10855846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The complement system is the other major proteolytic cascade in the blood of vertebrates besides the coagulation-fibrinolytic system. Among the three main activation routes of complement, the lectin pathway (LP) has been discovered the latest, and it is still the subject of intense research. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL), other collectins, and ficolins are collectively termed as the pattern recognition molecules (PRMs) of the LP, and they are responsible for targeting LP activation to molecular patterns, e.g., on bacteria. MBL-associated serine proteases (MASPs) are the effectors, while MBL-associated proteins (MAps) have regulatory functions. Two serine protease components, MASP-1 and MASP-2, trigger the LP activation, while the third component, MASP-3, is involved in the function of the alternative pathway (AP) of complement. Besides their functions within the complement system, certain LP components have secondary ("moonlighting") functions, e.g., in embryonic development. They also contribute to blood coagulation, and some might have tumor suppressing roles. Uncontrolled complement activation can contribute to the progression of many diseases (e.g., stroke, kidney diseases, thrombotic complications, and COVID-19). In most cases, the lectin pathway has also been implicated. In this review, we summarize the history of the lectin pathway, introduce their components, describe its activation and regulation, its roles within the complement cascade, its connections to blood coagulation, and its direct cellular effects. Special emphasis is placed on disease connections and the non-canonical functions of LP components.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Dobó
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (J.D.); (A.K.); (B.F.)
| | - Andrea Kocsis
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (J.D.); (A.K.); (B.F.)
| | - Bence Farkas
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (J.D.); (A.K.); (B.F.)
| | - Flóra Demeter
- Cell Biology and Cell Therapy Group, Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (F.D.); (L.C.)
| | - László Cervenak
- Cell Biology and Cell Therapy Group, Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (F.D.); (L.C.)
| | - Péter Gál
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (J.D.); (A.K.); (B.F.)
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Macarie RD, Tucureanu MM, Ciortan L, Gan AM, Butoi E, Mânduțeanu I. Ficolin-2 amplifies inflammation in macrophage-smooth muscle cell cross-talk and increases monocyte transmigration by mechanisms involving IL-1β and IL-6. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19431. [PMID: 37940674 PMCID: PMC10632380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46770-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ficolin-2, recently identified in atherosclerotic plaques, has been correlated with future acute cardiovascular events, but its role remains unknown. We hypothesize that it could influence plaque vulnerability by interfering in the cross-talk between macrophages (MØ) and smooth muscle cells (SMC). To examine its role and mechanism of action, we exposed an in-vitro co-culture system of SMC and MØ to ficolin-2 (10 µg/mL) and then performed cytokine array, protease array, ELISA, qPCR, Western Blot, and monocyte transmigration assay. Carotid plaque samples from atherosclerotic patients with high plasma levels of ficolin-2 were analyzed by immunofluorescence. We show that ficolin-2: (i) promotes a pro-inflammatory phenotype in SMC following interaction with MØ by elevating the gene expression of MCP-1, upregulating gene and protein expression of IL-6 and TLR4, and by activating ERK/MAPK and NF-KB signaling pathways; (ii) increased IL-1β, IL-6, and MIP-1β in MØ beyond the level induced by cellular interaction with SMC; (iii) elevated the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and CCL4 in the conditioned medium; (iv) enhanced monocyte transmigration and (v) in atherosclerotic plaques from patients with high plasma levels of ficolin-2, we observed co-localization of ficolin-2 with SMC marker αSMA and the cytokines IL-1β and IL-6. These findings shed light on previously unknown mechanisms underlying ficolin-2-dependent pathological inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Răzvan Daniel Macarie
- Biopathology and Therapy of Inflammation Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Monica Mădălina Tucureanu
- Biopathology and Therapy of Inflammation Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Letiția Ciortan
- Biopathology and Therapy of Inflammation Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Gan
- Biopathology and Therapy of Inflammation Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Butoi
- Biopathology and Therapy of Inflammation Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ileana Mânduțeanu
- Biopathology and Therapy of Inflammation Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
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Isayeva G, Potlukova E, Rumora K, Lopez Ayala P, Kurun A, Leibfarth JP, Schäfer I, Michel E, Pesen K, Zellweger MJ, Trendelenburg M, Hejlesen TK, Hansen AG, Thiel S, Mueller C. Diagnostic and prognostic value of H-ficolin for functionally relevant coronary artery disease. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 551:117582. [PMID: 37802208 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to test the diagnostic and prognostic ability of H-ficolin, an initiator of the lectin pathway of the complement system, for functionally relevant coronary artery disease (fCAD), and explore its determinants. METHODS The presence of fCAD was adjudicated using myocardial perfusion imaging single-photon emission tomography and coronary angiography. H-ficolin levels were measured by a sandwich-type immunoassay at rest, peak stress-test, and 2 h after stress-test. Cardiovascular death and non-fatal myocardial infarction were assessed during 5-year follow-up. RESULTS Among 1,571 patients (32.3 % women), fCAD was detected in 462 patients (29.4 %). H-ficolin concentration at rest was 18.6 (15.3-21.8) µg/ml in patients with fCAD versus 17.8 (15.4-21.5) µg/ml, p = 0.33, in patients without fCAD, resulting in an AUC of 0.53 (95 %CI 0.48-0.56). During follow-up, 107 patients (6.8 %) had non-fatal myocardial infarction and 99 patients (6.3 %) experienced cardiovascular death. In Cox regression analysis, H-ficolin was not a predictor of events in the overall cohort. Subgroup analysis suggested a potential link between H-ficolin and non-fatal myocardial infarction in patients without fCAD (adjusted HR 1.03, 95 % CI 1.02-1.15, p = 0.005). H-ficolin concentration showed a weak positive correlation with systolic (r = 0.069, p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.111, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION H-ficolin concentration did not have diagnostic and/or prognostic value in patients referred for fCAD work-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganna Isayeva
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Heart Center, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Eliska Potlukova
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Klara Rumora
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Heart Center, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Lopez Ayala
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Heart Center, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Atakan Kurun
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Heart Center, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan-Philipp Leibfarth
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Heart Center, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ibrahim Schäfer
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Heart Center, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Evita Michel
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Heart Center, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kaan Pesen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Heart Center, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael J Zellweger
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Heart Center, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marten Trendelenburg
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Steffen Thiel
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Christian Mueller
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Heart Center, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland.
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10
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Identification of Monocyte-Associated Genes Related to the Instability of Atherosclerosis Plaque. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3972272. [PMID: 36187340 PMCID: PMC9519342 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3972272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Atherosclerotic plaque instability is a common cause of stroke and ischemic infarction, and identification of monocyte-associated genes has become a prominent feature in cardiovascular research as a contributing/predictive marker. Methods. Whole genome sequencing data were downloaded from GSE159677, GSE41571, GSE120521, and GSE118481. Single-cell sequencing data analysis was conducted to cluster molecular subtypes of atherosclerotic plaques and identify specific genes. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal subjects and patients with unstable atheromatous plaques were screened. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to find key module genes. In addition, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses explored potential biological signaling pathways to generate protein interaction (PPI) networks. GSEA and GSVA demonstrated activations in plaque instability subtypes. Results. 239 monocyte-associated genes were identified based on bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing, followed by the recognition of 1221 atherosclerotic plaque-associated DEGs from the pooled matrix. GO and KEGG analyses suggested that DEGs might be related to inflammation response and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Eight no-grey modules were obtained through WGCNA analysis, and the turquoise module has the highest correlation with unstable plaque (
), which contained 1323 module genes. After fetching the intersecting genes, CXCL3, FPR1, GK, and LST1 were obtained that were significantly associated with plaque instability, which had an intense specific interaction. Monocyte-associated genes associated with atherosclerotic plaque instability have certain diagnostic significance and are generally overexpressed in this patient population. In addition, 11 overlapping coexpressed genes (CEG) might also activated multiple pathways regulating inflammatory responses, platelet activation, and hypoxia-inducible factors. GSVA showed that the corresponding pathways were significantly activated in high expression samples. Conclusions. Overexpression of CXCL3, GK, FPR1, and LST1 was advanced recognition and intervention factors for unstable plaques, which might become targets for atherosclerosis rupture prevention. We also analyzed the potential mechanisms of CEG from inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways.
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11
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Fukami Y, Koike H, Iijima M, Mouri N, Nishi R, Katsuno M. Role of complement components in vasculitic neuropathy associated with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Muscle Nerve 2022; 66:175-182. [PMID: 35581952 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS The mechanism of complement-mediated neurological injury in vasculitic neuropathy associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is unknown. The current study aimed to investigate the local activation of the complement system in vasculitic neuropathy associated with SLE and RA. METHODS We analyzed sural nerve biopsy specimens collected from patients with SLE (n = 12) and RA (n = 12). The deposition of complement components comprising the classical and lectin pathways was assessed via immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The disease duration was longer in the RA group than in the SLE group (median [interquartile range]: 11.5 [5.5-31.0] and 4 [2-10] y, respectively). Complement components were found in the epineurial blood vessel walls in patients with SLE and RA, but not in controls. Deposition of the classical pathway component C1q in the blood vessel wall was more commonly observed in the SLE group (71.3% [25.6-85.8]) than in the RA group (20.1% [10.5-35.6]). As for the lectin pathway component, the incidence of ficolin-3 deposition in the blood vessel wall was higher in the SLE group (42.3% [25.7-51.3]) than in the RA group (17.2% [10.3-26.8]). On the contrary, the mannose-binding lectin level was higher in the RA group (37.5% [21.7-51.4]) than in the SLE group (17.8% [11.4-31.0]). DISCUSSION The classical and lectin pathways of the complement system may be involved in vasculitic neuropathy associated with SLE and RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Fukami
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Haruki Koike
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiro Iijima
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Division of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naohiro Mouri
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryoji Nishi
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Daido Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahisa Katsuno
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Clinical Research Education, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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12
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Kiss MG, Binder CJ. The multifaceted impact of complement on atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2022; 351:29-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Role of MBL2 Polymorphisms in Sepsis and Survival: A Pilot Study and In Silico Analysis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12020460. [PMID: 35204551 PMCID: PMC8871458 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12020460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a serious infection-induced syndrome with serious ramifications, especially in intensive care units. Global concern motivated the investigation of the role of related genes’ polymorphism in predicting the liability to infection, sepsis, septic shock and survival. Among these genes is the gene encoding mannose-binding lectin (MBL), with its remarkable importance in the immune system. However, the previous studies showed conflicting results and ambiguity that urged us to engage with this issue in the Egyptian population. Prediction of functional and structural impacts of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was done using in silico methods. A prospective observational study was conducted in intensive care units; one hundred and thirty patients were followed up. Genotyping was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technology. MBL SNPs showed a remarkable high frequency in our population, as well. No significant association was found between MBL2 genotypes and any of our analyses (sepsis, septic shock and survival). Only septic shock and age were independently associated with time of survival by Cox regression analysis. Our study may confirm the redundancy of MBL and the absence of significant impact on sepsis liability and mortality in adult patients.
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14
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Smolnikova MV, Tereshchenko SY. Prevalence of the polymorphic H-ficolin (FCN3) genes and mannosebinding lectin-associated serine protease-2 (MASP2) in indigenous populations from the Russian Arctic regions. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2022; 25:847-854. [PMID: 35083404 PMCID: PMC8756107 DOI: 10.18699/vj21.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lectins, being the main proteins of the lectin pathway activating the complement system, are encoded
by polymorphic genes, wherein point mutations cause the protein conformation and expression to change, which
turns out to have an effect on the functionality and ability to respond to the pathogen. In the current study, largescale
data on the population genotype distribution of the genes for H-ficolin FCN3 rs28357092 and mannose-binding
lectin-associated serine protease MASP2 rs72550870 among the indigenous peoples of the Russian Arctic regions
(Nenets, Dolgans and Nganasans, a mixed population and Russians: a total sample was about 1000 newborns)
have been obtained for the first time. Genotyping was carried out using RT-PCR. The frequency of the homozygous
variant del/del FCN3 rs28357092 associated with the total absence of the most powerful activator of the lectin complement
pathway, N-ficolin, was revealed; 0 % in the Nenets, 0.8 % in the Dolgans and Nganasans, and 3.5 % among
the Russians ( p < 0.01). Analysis of the prevalence of the MASP2 genotypes has shown the predominance of the
homozygous variant AA in all studied populations, which agrees with the available world data. The heterozygous
genotype AG rs72550870 associated with a reduced level of protease was found to occur rarely in the Nenets, Dolgans
and Nganasans compared to newborns of Caucasoid origin from Krasnoyarsk: 0.5 % versus 3.3 %, respectively.
Moreover, among 323 examined Nenets, one AG carrier was identified, whereas in Russians, 16 out of 242 examined
newborns were found to be AG carriers ( p < 0.001). A homozygous variant (GG) in total absence of protease with
impaired binding of both MBL and ficolins was not detected in any of the 980 examined newborns. An additional
analysis of infectious morbidity in Arctic populations allows one to find phenotypic characteristics related to a high
functional activity of the lectin pathway of complement activation as an most important factor for the first-line of
anti-infectious defense, including such new viral diseases as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. V. Smolnikova
- Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North – a separate division of the Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center” of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - S. Yu. Tereshchenko
- Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North – a separate division of the Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center” of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
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15
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Wang W, Wu J, Liu P, Tang X, Pang H, Xie T, Xu F, Shao J, Chen Y, Liu B, Zheng Y. Urinary Proteomics Identifying Novel Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Phenotyping of Carotid Artery Stenosis. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:714706. [PMID: 34447787 PMCID: PMC8383446 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.714706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) is caused by the formation of atherosclerotic plaques inside the arterial wall and accounts for 20–30% of all strokes. The development of an early, noninvasive diagnostic method and the identification of high-risk patients for ischemic stroke is essential to the management of CAS in clinical practice. Methods: We used the data-independent acquisition (DIA) technique to conduct a urinary proteomic study in patients with CAS and healthy controls. We identified the potential diagnosis and risk stratification biomarkers of CAS. And Ingenuity pathway analysis was used for functional annotation of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic values of DEPs. Results: A total of 194 DEPs were identified between CAS patients and healthy controls by DIA quantification. The bioinformatics analysis showed that these DEPs were correlated with the pathogenesis of CAS. We further identified 32 DEPs in symptomatic CAS compared to asymptomatic CAS, and biological function analysis revealed that these proteins are mainly related to immune/inflammatory pathways. Finally, a biomarker panel of six proteins (ACP2, PLD3, HLA-C, GGH, CALML3, and IL2RB) exhibited potential diagnostic value in CAS and good discriminative power for differentiating symptomatic and asymptomatic CAS with high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions: Our study identified novel potential urinary biomarkers for noninvasive early screening and risk stratification of CAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyu Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuexin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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16
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Grossi C, Artusi C, Meroni P, Borghi MO, Neglia L, Lonati PA, Oggioni M, Tedesco F, De Simoni MG, Fumagalli S. β2 glycoprotein I participates in phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons and in vascular injury in experimental brain stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:2038-2053. [PMID: 33444093 PMCID: PMC8323337 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x20984551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Beta-2 Glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) is the main target of anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL) in the autoimmune anti-phospholipid syndrome, characterized by increased risk of stroke. We here investigated the antibody independent role of β2-GPI after ischemia/reperfusion, modeled in vivo by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo) in male C57Bl/6J mice; in vitro by subjecting immortalized human brain microvascular endothelial cells (ihBMEC) to 16 h hypoxia and 4 h re-oxygenation. ApoH (coding for β2-GPI) was upregulated selectively in the liver at 48 h after tMCAo. At the same time β2-GPI circulating levels increased. β2-GPI was detectable in brain parenchyma and endothelium at all time points after tMCAo. Parenchymal β2-GPI recognized apoptotic neurons (positive for annexin V, C3 and TUNEL) cleared by CD68+ brain macrophages. Hypoxic ihBMEC showed increased release of IL-6, over-expression of thrombomodulin and IL-1α after re-oxygenation with β2-GPI alone. β2-GPI interacted with mannose-binding lectin in mouse plasma and ihBMEC medium, potentially involved in formation of thrombi. We show for the first time that brain ischemia triggers the hepatic production of β2-GPI. β2-GPI is present in the ischemic endothelium, enhancing vascular inflammation, and extravasates binding stressed neurons before their clearance by phagocytosis. Thus β2-GPI may be a new mediator of brain injury following ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Grossi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Immuno-Rheumatology, Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina Artusi
- Rheumatology Department, ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - PierLuigi Meroni
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Immuno-Rheumatology, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Orietta Borghi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Immuno-Rheumatology, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Neglia
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Adele Lonati
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Immuno-Rheumatology, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Oggioni
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Tedesco
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Immuno-Rheumatology, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria-Grazia De Simoni
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Fumagalli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
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17
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Cross-Talk of Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Stroke: Dramatic Role of Neutrophils. ARCHIVES OF NEUROSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/ans.104433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Context: Current investigations illustrate the increasing prevalence of atherosclerosis (AS) through the aggravating role of inappropriate lifestyle patterns. Atherosclerosis is the cause of important vascular-related diseases such as ischemic stroke (IS). Understanding AS pathophysiology can help reduce the incidence of AS-mediated diseases like ischemic stroke. Evidence Acquisition: For this narrative review article, we used the five mega databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Springer, and Science Direct. We searched from 2010 Jan to 2020 Dec and based on keywords and inclusion criteria, 77 articles were enrolled. Results: Based on prior articles on atherosclerosis and ischemic stroke pathophysiology, local and systemic inflammation is a vigorous factor in both diseasesIndeed, the fundamental inflammatory pathway involved atherosclerosis, and ischemic stroke is associated with the toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation primary response 88/nuclear factor-kappa B (TLR4/ Myd88/ NF-κB) cascade. The functional paw of these intricate mechanisms are pro-inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interleukin-18 (IL-18) incite inflammation. Besides, the essential structures termed inflammasomes (multi proteins components), and multiplicity of immune and non-immune cells (i.e., neutrophils, monocytes, platelets, and macrophages) are beneficial in the induction of inflammatory microenvironment. Conclusions: Neutrophils could be the most effective cells in the inflammation-based mechanism in IS and AS. It is clarified that neutrophils with the recruitment of own vesicles and granules can afford to amplify inflammatory conditions and be a key cell in AS and IS cross-talk. Therefore, utilizing methods to control neutrophils-mediated mechanisms could be an effective method for the prevention of AS and IS.
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18
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Guo S, Mao X, Li X, Ouyang H, Gao Y, Ming L. Serum Complement C1q Activity Is Associated With Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:618173. [PMID: 33996933 PMCID: PMC8116493 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.618173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Complement C1q plays a dual role in the atherosclerosis. Previous studies showed inconsistent results about the association of serum C1q levels and coronary artery disease (CAD). Here, we explored the associations of serum C1q activity with CAD, coronary stenosis severity, cardiovascular biomarkers, and 1-year restenosis after coronary artery revascularization. Methods: We enrolled 956 CAD patients and 677 controls to evaluate the associations of serum complement C1q activity to the presence and severity of obstructive CAD and non-obstructive CAD. Serum C1q activity and the concentrations of laboratory markers were measured in all subjects. All the data were analyzed using SPSS22.0 software. Results: Serum C1q activity in Obstructive CAD and Non-Obstructive CAD groups was significantly higher than the control group (195.52 ± 48.31 kU/L and 195.42 ± 51.25 kU/L vs. 183.44 ± 31.75 kU/L, P < 0.05). Greater C1q activity was significantly correlated with higher total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels. C1q activity was associated with an increased Odds Ratio (OR) of CAD (OR = 1.322, 95% CI 1.168–1.496, P < 0.05) and 1-year restenosis after revascularization (the highest OR = 3.544, 95% CI 1.089–12.702, P < 0.05). Complement C1q activity was not correlated with Gensini score in the Obstructive CAD group after adjustment for confounders. C1q activity has low value in predicting the incidence of CAD. Conclusion: Serum complement C1q activity is associated with obstructive CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuren Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohuan Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huan Ouyang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, ShenQiu People's Hospital, ShenQiu, Henan, China
| | - Yuhua Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liang Ming
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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19
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Garred P, Tenner AJ, Mollnes TE. Therapeutic Targeting of the Complement System: From Rare Diseases to Pandemics. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:792-827. [PMID: 33687995 PMCID: PMC7956994 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement system was discovered at the end of the 19th century as a heat-labile plasma component that "complemented" the antibodies in killing microbes, hence the name "complement." Complement is also part of the innate immune system, protecting the host by recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns. However, complement is multifunctional far beyond infectious defense. It contributes to organ development, such as sculpting neuron synapses, promoting tissue regeneration and repair, and rapidly engaging and synergizing with a number of processes, including hemostasis leading to thromboinflammation. Complement is a double-edged sword. Although it usually protects the host, it may cause tissue damage when dysregulated or overactivated, such as in the systemic inflammatory reaction seen in trauma and sepsis and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Damage-associated molecular patterns generated during ischemia-reperfusion injuries (myocardial infarction, stroke, and transplant dysfunction) and in chronic neurologic and rheumatic disease activate complement, thereby increasing damaging inflammation. Despite the long list of diseases with potential for ameliorating complement modulation, only a few rare diseases are approved for clinical treatment targeting complement. Those currently being efficiently treated include paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome, myasthenia gravis, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Rare diseases, unfortunately, preclude robust clinical trials. The increasing evidence for complement as a pathogenetic driver in many more common diseases suggests an opportunity for future complement therapy, which, however, requires robust clinical trials; one ongoing example is COVID-19 disease. The current review aims to discuss complement in disease pathogenesis and discuss future pharmacological strategies to treat these diseases with complement-targeted therapies. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The complement system is the host's defense friend by protecting it from invading pathogens, promoting tissue repair, and maintaining homeostasis. Complement is a double-edged sword, since when dysregulated or overactivated it becomes the host's enemy, leading to tissue damage, organ failure, and, in worst case, death. A number of acute and chronic diseases are candidates for pharmacological treatment to avoid complement-dependent damage, ranging from the well established treatment for rare diseases to possible future treatment of large patient groups like the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Garred
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.G.); Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Neurobiology and Behavior, and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California (A.J.T.); and Research Laboratory, Nordland Hospital, Bodø, Norway, Faculty of Health Sciences, K.G. Jebsen TREC, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (T.E.M.); Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway (T.E.M.); and Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (T.E.M.)
| | - Andrea J Tenner
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.G.); Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Neurobiology and Behavior, and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California (A.J.T.); and Research Laboratory, Nordland Hospital, Bodø, Norway, Faculty of Health Sciences, K.G. Jebsen TREC, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (T.E.M.); Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway (T.E.M.); and Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (T.E.M.)
| | - Tom E Mollnes
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.G.); Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Neurobiology and Behavior, and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California (A.J.T.); and Research Laboratory, Nordland Hospital, Bodø, Norway, Faculty of Health Sciences, K.G. Jebsen TREC, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway (T.E.M.); Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway (T.E.M.); and Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (T.E.M.)
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20
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Carbone F, Valente A, Perego C, Bertolotto M, Pane B, Spinella G, Palombo D, De Simoni MG, Montecucco F, Fumagalli S. Ficolin-2 serum levels predict the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome in patients with severe carotid artery stenosis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105462. [PMID: 33513354 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE erosion of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques may cause life-threatening thromboembolic complications. There is indeed an urgent need to recognize a clear-cut biomarker able to identify vulnerable plaques. Here, we focused on circulating proteins belonging to the lectin pathway (LP) of complement activation. METHODS we analyzed mannose-binding lectin (MBL), ficolin-1, -2 and -3 (LP initiators) levels by ELISA in sera from n = 240 of an already published cohort of patients undergoing endarterectomy for severe carotid stenosis and followed-up until 18 months after surgery. Immunofluorescence followed by confocal and polarized light microscopy was used to detect LP initiator intraplaque localization. Spearman's rank test was drawn to investigate correlation between serum LP levels and circulating inflammatory proteins or intraplaque components. Survival analyses were then performed to test the predictive role of LP on long-term adverse outcome. RESULTS ficolins, but not MBL, correlated positively with 1) high circulating levels of inflammatory markers, including MPO, MMP-8, MMP-9, ICAM-1, osteopontin, neutrophil elastase, and; 2) immune cell intraplaque recruitment. Immunofluorescence showed ficolins in calcified plaques and ficolin-2 in cholesterol-enriched plaque regions in association with macrophages. In the multivariate survival analysis, ficolin-2 serum levels predicted a major adverse cardiovascular event during the follow-up, independently of symptomatic status and inflammatory markers (hazard ratio 38.6 [95 % CI 3.9-385.2]). CONCLUSIONS ficolins support intraplaque immune cell recruitment and inflammatory processes ultimately leading to plaque vulnerability. Especially for ficolin-2 a strong predictive value toward adverse cardiovascular events was demonstrated. This evidence offers potentially new pharmacological target to dampen the inflammatory mechanisms leading to plaque vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessia Valente
- Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Perego
- Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Bertolotto
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Bianca Pane
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Spinella
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Domenico Palombo
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy; First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Stefano Fumagalli
- Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
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Tereshchenko SY, Smolnikova MV. Polymorphism of the mannose-binding lectin gene in the Arctic indigenous populations of the Russian Federation. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2020; 24:868-875. [PMID: 35088000 PMCID: PMC8764514 DOI: 10.18699/vj20.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Маннозосвязывающий лектин (mannose-binding lectin, MBL) – паттерн-распознающий острофазовый белок, относящийся к системе врожденного иммунитета и активно участвующий в элиминации широкого круга патогенных микроорганизмов посредством активации лектинового пути системы комплемента.
Значительная часть человеческой популяции имеет врожденно низкий уровень продукции и/или низкую
функциональную активность MBL вследствие носительства различных вариантов гена MBL2, что может модифицировать течение самых разнообразных инфекционных заболеваний. Частота генотипов и гаплотипов
полиморфизмов в гене MBL2 имеет значительные популяционные различия. К настоящему времени данные
относительно распределения генотипов гена MBL2 в коренных популяциях территорий Арктической зоны Российской Федерации отсутствуют. Цель исследования – изучение частоты и этнической специфики распределения аллельных вариантов полиморфизмов гена MBL2 rs11003125, rs7096206, rs7095891, rs5030737, rs1800450 и
rs1800451 и их гаплотипов в популяциях Таймырского Долгано-Ненецкого района Красноярского края (ненцы, долганы-нганасаны, русские). В настоящем исследовании нами впервые получены данные о частотах генотипов и гаплотипов гена MBL2 у коренных народностей, проживающих на территориях Арктической зоны
Российской Федерации. Частота встречаемости гаплотипа HYPA, ассоциированного с высокой концентрацией
MBL, составила 35.4 % для русских новорожденных Восточной Сибири, что соответствует частотам европейских популяций (27–33 %). У новорожденных арктических популяций частота гаплотипа HYPA была статистически значимо выше, чем у русских, и составила 64 % для ненцев и 56 % для долган-нганасан, что приближается к
значениям частот, выявленных для эскимосов и североамериканских индейцев (64–81 %). Популяции ненцев и
долган-нганасан демонстрируют существенно более низкие частоты MBL-дефицитных гаплотипов в сравнении
с европеоидами Восточной Сибири (3.9, 6.4 и 21.3 % соответственно). Мы предполагаем, что изолированные
арктические популяции исторически позже столкнулись с некоторыми внутриклеточными инфекциями (туберкулезом, лепрой) и, в отличие от европеоидных популяций, сохранили сформированную на ранних этапах
эволюции человека высокую активность лектинового пути активации комплемента.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Yu. Tereshchenko
- Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North, Federal Research Center ”Krasnoyarsk Science Center“ of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - M. V. Smolnikova
- Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North, Federal Research Center ”Krasnoyarsk Science Center“ of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
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Mannose-binding lectin gene polymorphisms in the East Siberia and Russian Arctic populations. Immunogenetics 2020; 72:347-354. [PMID: 32813045 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-020-01175-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) encoded by MBL2 gene is a protein with the ability to form carbohydrate complexes with microbial wall promoting their subsequent elimination. Genetically determined levels of MBL can modify the risk and clinical characteristics of many infectious diseases. The frequency of MBL2 genotypes exhibits significant population differences. The data on the distribution of MBL2 genotypes among the aborigines of the Russian Arctic territories have not yet been published. A total of 880 specimens of dried blood spots of the newborns were genotyped. The newborns represented four populations: Nenets, Dolgan-Nganasans, Mixed aboriginal population, and Russians (Caucasians, Krasnoyarsk). Six polymorphisms of the MBL2 gene were studied: rs11003125, rs7096206, rs7095891, rs5030737, rs1800450, and rs1800451. The frequency of the combined rare O allele (composed of the coding region variants rs5030737, rs1800450, and rs1800451) in the homozygous state was significantly higher in Russians: 10% vs 2% in Nenets and 1% in Dolgan-Nganosans (p < 0.001 for Russians vs other populations). The frequency of the high-producing haplotype (HYPA) was 35.4% in the Russian newborns, in keeping with European populations (27-33%); 64% for Nenets and 56% for Dolgan-Nganasans, similar to the estimates obtained for Eskimos and North Amerinds (64-81%). Our study results are in line with the hypothesis that human evolution has been moving in the direction of accumulation of the genotypes associated with low activity of the lectin complement activation pathway because of the prevalence of some intracellular infections such as tuberculosis, whereby low MBL activity may have a protective effect.
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Pan Y, Wang L, Xie Y, Tan Y, Chang C, Qiu X, Li X. Characterization of differentially expressed plasma proteins in patients with acute myocardial infarction. J Proteomics 2020; 227:103923. [PMID: 32736138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Novel biomarkers are needed to identify NSTEMI in AMI patients. The study objective was to use proteomics to identify novel plasma biomarkers for STEMI and NSTEMI patients. iTRAQ analysis was performed on pooled samples from 8 healthy controls and 12 STEMI and 12 NSTEMI patients. Bioinformatics analysis identified 95 differentially expressed proteins that were differentially expressed in the plasma of AMI patients and healthy controls; 28 of these proteins were found in STEMI/Con (22 upregulated and 6 downregulated), 48 in NSTEMI/Con (12 upregulated and 36 downregulated), and 44 in NSTEMI/STEMI (11 upregulated and 33 downregulated). Protein network analysis was then performed using STRING software. Functional analysis revealed that the identified plasma proteins were mainly involved with carbon metabolism, toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Nine of the proteins (SSA1, MDH1, FCN2, GPI, S100A8, LBP, vinculin, VDBP, and RBP4) that changed levels during AMI progression were further validated by ELISA. The constructed plasma proteome could reflect the AMI pathogenesis molecular mechanisms and provide a method for the early identification of NSTEMI in AMI patients. SIGNIFICANCE: The aim of this study was to use proteomics to identify novel predictive plasma biomarkers for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which would allow for either identification of individuals at risk of an infarction, and early identification of NSTEMI in patients with AMI. Using an approach that combined iTRAQ with LC-MS/MS, we found 95 proteins that showed significant differences in expression levels among the AMI patients and healthy controls. The proteins SSA1, MDH1, FCN2, GPI, S100A8, LBP, vinculin, VDBP, and RBP4 were found to play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of AMI. Using bioinformatics analysis, we found that dysregulation of carbon metabolism, toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may be the major driving forces for cardiac damage during myocardial infarction. However, further investigations are needed to verify the mechanisms involved in the development of AMI especially NSTEMI. Taken together, our findings lay the foundation for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenic processes of AMI, and suggest potential applications for specific biomarkers in early diagnosis and determination of prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, NO.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, NO.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yaofeng Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, NO.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yuan Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cheng Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, NO.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xueshan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, NO.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China.
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Kamesaki T, Nishimura JI, Wada H, Yu E, Tsao E, Morales J, Kanakura Y. Demographic characteristics, thromboembolism risk, and treatment patterns for patients with cold agglutinin disease in Japan. Int J Hematol 2020; 112:307-315. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-020-02899-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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25
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Caribé PMV, Villar CC, Romito GA, Takada JY, Pacanaro AP, Strunz CMC, César LAM, Mansur ADP. Prospective, case-controlled study evaluating serum concentration of sirtuin-1 and mannose-binding lectin in patients with and without periodontal and coronary artery disease. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2020; 11:2040622320919621. [PMID: 32435441 PMCID: PMC7223200 DOI: 10.1177/2040622320919621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Atherosclerosis and periodontal disease (PD) are inflammatory diseases that have been shown in studies to have a direct association. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is an immune system protein that binds to periodontal pathogens favoring phagocytosis. Conversely, increased serum sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) concentration reduces the inflammatory process. Methods: This was a prospective, case-controlled study that analyzed serum concentration of biomarkers in patients with or without coronary artery disease (CAD) and PD. A total of 78 patients were evaluated: 20 healthy individuals, 18 patients with CAD, 20 patients with PD, and 20 patients with both PD and CAD. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were analyzed before and after nonsurgical treatment of PD and also at two equivalent times in patients without PD. Serum MBL and SIRT1 concentration were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: A negative correlation was observed between changes in serum concentration of MBL and SIRT1 (r = −0.30; p = 0.006). Comparison between pre- and post-treatment of PD showed a reduction in MBL levels (886.27 ± 906.72 versus 689.94 ± 808.36; p = 0.002) and an increase in SIRT1 values (0.80 ± 1.01 versus 1.49 ± 1.55; p = 0.005) in patients with PD and without CAD. The same result was observed in patients with PD and CAD for MBL and SIRT1, respectively, of 1312.43 ± 898.21 versus 1032.90 ± 602.52 (p = 0.010) and 1.32 ± 1.0 versus 1.82 ± 1.75 (p = 0.044). Conclusion: PD treatment reduced MBL serum concentration and increased SIRT1 serum concentration in patients with and without CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Cunha Villar
- Division of Periodontology, Stomatology Department, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guiseppe Alexandre Romito
- Division of Periodontology, Stomatology Department, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Júlio Yoshio Takada
- Clinical Department, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Pacanaro
- Clinical Department, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Antonio de Padua Mansur
- Clinical Department, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas C. Aguiar, 44, CEP, São Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil
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Ni XN, Yan SB, Zhang K, Sai WW, Zhang QY, Ti Y, Wang ZH, Zhang W, Zheng CY, Zhong M. Serum complement C1q level is associated with acute coronary syndrome. Mol Immunol 2020; 120:130-135. [PMID: 32120180 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The complement system plays an important role in the development of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Complement C1q is an important initial component of the classical complement pathway and closely related to many chronic inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis (AS). We aimed to determine whether there was association between serum complement C1q and the severity of coronary stenosis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 320 patients who underwent coronary arteriography (CAG) were stratified into non-ACS group (control group, n = 74), unstable angina group (UA group, n = 197) and acute myocardial infarction group (AMI group, n = 49) according to the severity of coronary stenosis and clinical manifestations. The severity of coronary stenosis was represented in Gensini score, and serum complement C1q level was compared using immunity transmission turbidity among three groups. RESULTS The level of complement C1q in AMI group was lower significantly than control group and UA group (P < 0.05), but there was no correlation between serum complement C1q and Gensini score (β=-0.086, P = 0.125). In nitrate-taking patients, serum complement C1q had a negative association with Gensini score (r=-0.275, P = 0.001), and in non-smokers, there was also a negative correlation (β=-0.159, P = 0.036). After calibrating smoking, drinking or statins, the serum complement C1q levels of control group, UA group and AMI group decreased in sequence (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the decreasing of serum complement C1q was an unfavorable factor for acute myocardial infarction (OR=0.984, 95 %CI=0.972∼0.997, P = 0.015) and for ACS (OR=0.984, 95 %CI=0.971∼0.984, P = 0.025) in drinking patients. Regrettably, ROC curve suggested that the accuracy in diagnosing coronary atherosclerotic heart disease by serum complement C1q was low (AUC=0.568, 95 %CI= 0.492-0.644, P = 0.076, sensitivity 73.6 %, specificity 58.1 %). CONCLUSION Serum complement C1q in ACS patients, in particular AMI patients, showed lower level. This finding suggests further decrease of complement C1q level in ACS patients may be a contributory factor to instability or rupture of atherosclerotic plaques. Combined with other clinical indicators, it can be helpful to predict the risk and severity of coronary stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ning Ni
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Sen-Bo Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of General Practice, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen-Wen Sai
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qi-Yu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yun Ti
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Yan Zheng
- Department of General Practice, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Ming Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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27
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Yang Y, Ma L, Song M, Li X, He F, Wang C, Chen M, Zhou J, Mei C. The role of the complement factor B-arginase-polyamine molecular axis in uremia-induced cardiac remodeling in mice. Eur J Immunol 2019; 50:220-233. [PMID: 31777959 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The role of complement system in heart diseases is controversial. Besides, the mechanisms by which complement components participate in cardiac remodeling (CR) and heart failure during uremia are unclear. In this study, 5/6 nephrectomy was performed to adult mice to establish the uremic model and CR deteriorated over the course of uremia. Although complement pathways were not further activated over the course of the disease, soluble complement factor B (CFB) was upregulated at post-nephrectomy day 90 (PNx90) compared with PNx30. Further, CFB notably deteriorated CR in uremic mice but this effect was reversed by depletion of macrophages with liposomal clodronate. In vivo and in vitro CFB upregulated arginase 1 (ARG1) expression, increased ARG1 enzymatic activity, and stimulated the syntheses of ornithine, leading to polyamine overproduction in macrophages. Putrescine, an important polyamine, promoted cardiac fibroblast proliferation and collagen production, resulting in progressive CR. In vivo the inhibition of ARG1 activity with Nω -hydroxyl-l-arginine remarkably improved the general survival rates, inhibited the infiltration of cardiac fibroblasts, and alleviated progression of CR in uremic mice. Taken together, the CFB-ARG1-putrescine axis is related to progression of CR and ARG1 hyperactivity in macrophages may provide a novel therapeutic target against the heart injury in uremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Kidney Therapeutic Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beidaihe Rehabilitation and Recuperation Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Kidney Therapeutic Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beidaihe Rehabilitation and Recuperation Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Minghui Song
- Kidney Therapeutic Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beidaihe Rehabilitation and Recuperation Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- Ultrasonic Department, Beidaihe Rehabilitation and Recuperation Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Fagui He
- Kidney Therapeutic Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beidaihe Rehabilitation and Recuperation Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Kidney Therapeutic Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beidaihe Rehabilitation and Recuperation Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Meihan Chen
- Kidney Institution of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Chang Zheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Kidney Institution of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Chang Zheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changlin Mei
- Kidney Institution of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Chang Zheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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28
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Kim H, Conway EM. Platelets and Complement Cross-Talk in Early Atherogenesis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:131. [PMID: 31555668 PMCID: PMC6742699 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis remains a ubiquitous and serious threat to human health. The initial formation of the atherosclerotic lesion (atheroma) is driven by pro-inflammatory signaling involving monocytes and vascular endothelial cells; later stages of the disease involve rupture of well-established atherosclerotic plaques, thrombosis, and blood vessel occlusion. While the central role of platelets in thrombosis is undisputed, platelets exhibit pro-inflammatory activities, and contribute to early-stage atheroma formation. Platelets also engage components of the complement system, an essential element of innate immunity that contributes to vascular inflammation. Here we provide an overview of the complex interplay between platelets and the complement system, with a focus on how the crosstalk between them may impact on the initiation of atheroma formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Kim
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Edward M Conway
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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29
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Mishra N, Mohata M, Narang R, Lakshmy R, Hazarika A, Pandey RM, Das N, Luthra K. Altered Expression of Complement Regulatory Proteins CD35, CD46, CD55, and CD59 on Leukocyte Subsets in Individuals Suffering From Coronary Artery Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2072. [PMID: 31555286 PMCID: PMC6727527 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies conducted in animal models have suggested that membrane complement regulatory proteins play an important role in the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease (CAD). In this study, a total of 100 individuals, with stable CAD and 100 healthy controls, both groups predominantly male, were recruited. We evaluated the plasma levels of complement regulatory proteins (Cregs) CD35, CD46, CD55, and CD59 and their surface expression on granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of these Cregs in total leukocytes was determined by quantitative PCR. The soluble forms of Cregs, C3c, Mannose binding protein-associated serine protease 2 (MASP-2), Platelet activating factor-acetyl hydrolase (PAF-AH), and inflammatory cytokines were quantified by ELISA. High plasma levels of C3c, indicative of complement activation, in addition to significantly low levels of Cregs, were observed in CAD patients. A significantly lower expression of CD46 and CD55 on the surface of lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes and higher surface expression of CD35 and CD59 on granulocytes (p < 0.0001) was seen in CAD patients as compared to healthy donors. The high expression of CD59 on granulocytes positively correlated with the severity of disease and may serve as a potential marker of disease progression in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Madhav Mohata
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajeev Narang
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Lakshmy
- Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjali Hazarika
- Blood Bank, Cardio-Neuro Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R M Pandey
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nibhriti Das
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kalpana Luthra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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30
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Clarke AR, Christophe BR, Khahera A, Sim JL, Connolly ES. Therapeutic Modulation of the Complement Cascade in Stroke. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1723. [PMID: 31417544 PMCID: PMC6682670 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and an increasing number of ischemic stroke patients are undergoing pharmacological and mechanical reperfusion. Both human and experimental models of reperfused ischemic stroke have implicated the complement cascade in secondary tissue injury. Most data point to the lectin and alternative pathways as key to activation, and C3a and C5a binding of their receptors as critical effectors of injury. During periods of thrombolysis use to treat stroke, acute experimental complement cascade blockade has been found to rescue tissue and improves functional outcome. Blockade of the complement cascade during the period of tissue reorganization, repair, and recovery is by contrast not helpful and in fact is likely to be deleterious with emerging data suggesting downstream upregulation of the cascade might even facilitate recovery. Successful clinical translation will require the right clinical setting and pharmacologic strategies that are capable of targeting the key effectors early while not inhibiting delayed repair. Early reports in a variety of disease states suggest that such pharmacologic strategies appear to have a favorable risk profile and offer substantial hope for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison R Clarke
- Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Brandon R Christophe
- Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Anadjeet Khahera
- Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Justin L Sim
- Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - E Sander Connolly
- Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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De Blasio D, Fumagalli S, Orsini F, Neglia L, Perego C, Ortolano F, Zanier ER, Picetti E, Locatelli M, Stocchetti N, Longhi L, Garred P, De Simoni MG. Human brain trauma severity is associated with lectin complement pathway activation. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:794-807. [PMID: 29425056 PMCID: PMC6501516 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18758881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We explored the involvement of the lectin pathway of complement in post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) pathophysiology in humans. Brain samples were obtained from 28 patients who had undergone therapeutic contusion removal, within 12 h (early) or from >12 h until five days (late) from injury, and from five non-TBI patients. Imaging analysis indicated that lectin pathway initiator molecules (MBL, ficolin-1, ficolin-2 and ficolin-3), the key enzymes MASP-2 and MASP-3, and the downstream complement components (C3 fragments and TCC) were present inside and outside brain vessels in all contusions. Only ficolin-1 was found in the parenchyma of non-TBI tissues. Immunoassays in brain homogenates showed that MBL, ficolin-2 and ficolin-3 increased in TBI compared to non-TBI (2.0, 2.2 and 6.0-times) samples. MASP-2 increased with subarachnoid hemorrhage and abnormal pupil reactivity, two indicators of structural and functional damage. C3 fragments and TCC increased, respectively, by 3.5 - and 4.0-fold in TBI compared to non-TBI tissue and significantly correlated with MBL, ficolin-2, ficolin-3, MASP-2 and MASP-3 levels in the homogenates. In conclusion, we show for the first time the direct presence of lectin pathway components in human cerebral contusions and their association with injury severity, suggesting a central role for the lectin pathway in the post-traumatic pathophysiology of human TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana De Blasio
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche
Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Fumagalli
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche
Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy
| | - Franca Orsini
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche
Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Neglia
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche
Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Perego
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche
Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ortolano
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical
Care Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda- Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano,
Italy
| | - Elisa R Zanier
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche
Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy
| | - Edoardo Picetti
- Division of Anesthesia and Intensive
Care, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Locatelli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione
IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Nino Stocchetti
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical
Care Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda- Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano,
Italy
- Department of Physiopathology and
Transplantation, Milan University, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Longhi
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical
Care Medicine, Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria
Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Peter Garred
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine,
Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet Faculty of Medical and Health
Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Specific contribution of mannose-binding lectin murine isoforms to brain ischemia/reperfusion injury. Cell Mol Immunol 2019; 17:218-226. [PMID: 30967639 PMCID: PMC7052250 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL), an initiator of the lectin pathway (LP) of complement activation, is detrimental in ischemic stroke, as shown in clinical studies and rodent models. Whereas humans have one functional MBL protein, rodents have two isoforms, MBL-A and MBL-C, whose functions relative to that of human MBL are unknown. To permit the clinical translation of preclinical data, we aimed to define the specific contributions of MBL-A and MBL-C to brain ischemia. We subjected mice with double (MBL−/−) or single (MBL-A−/− or MBL-C−/−) MBL isoform depletion to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo). MBL−/− mice had fewer neurological deficits and smaller ischemic lesions than WT mice. MBL-A−/− mice had smaller lesions than WT mice and exhibited no significant behavioral defects, whereas MBL-C−/− mice did not differ from WT mice. The induction of Mbl1 and Mbl2 (the MBL-A and MBL-C genes) expression 48 h after tMCAo was similar across genotypes. The time course of Mbl1 and Mbl2 expression in WT ischemic mice showed that Mbl1 activation occurred earlier (24 h) than Mbl2 activation (48 h). The plasma levels of MBL-A and MBL-C in MBL-C−/− and MBL-A−/− mice, respectively, were similar to those in WT mice both at baseline and at 48 h after tMCAo. At 48 h, MBL-A−/− ischemic mice showed higher MBL-C levels in the brain than WT mice. WT and MBL-C−/− ischemic mice had higher LP activity in plasma and, accordingly, higher levels of C3 deposition in the brain than MBL-A−/− and MBL−/− mice. In conclusion, mice with depletion of both MBL isoforms exhibited strong protection from ischemia/reperfusion injury. MBL-A was the main contributor to injury, likely owing to its earlier activation after ischemia and more efficient activation of the complement system than MBL-C.
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Pilely K, Fumagalli S, Rosbjerg A, Genster N, Skjoedt MO, Perego C, Ferrante AMR, De Simoni MG, Garred P. C-Reactive Protein Binds to Cholesterol Crystals and Co-Localizes with the Terminal Complement Complex in Human Atherosclerotic Plaques. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1040. [PMID: 28900428 PMCID: PMC5581807 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a part of the initial process leading to atherosclerosis and cholesterol crystals (CC), found in atherosclerotic plaques, which are known to induce complement activation. The pentraxins C-reactive protein (CRP), long pentraxin 3 (PTX3), and serum amyloid P component (SAP) are serum proteins associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events and these proteins have been shown to interact with the complement system. Whether the pentraxins binds to CC and mediate downstream complement-dependent inflammatory processes remains unknown. Binding of CRP, PTX3, and SAP to CC was investigated in vitro by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. CRP, PTX3, and SAP bound to CC in a concentration-dependent manner. CRP and PTX3 interacted with the complement pattern recognition molecule C1q on CC by increasing the binding of both purified C1q and C1q in plasma. However, CRP was the strongest mediator of C1q binding and also the pentraxin that most potently elevated C1q-mediated complement activation. In a phagocytic assay using whole blood, we confirmed that phagocytosis of CC is complement dependent and initiated by C1q-mediated activation. The pathophysiological relevance of the in vitro observations was examined in vivo in human atherosclerotic plaques. CRP, PTX3, and SAP were all found in atherosclerotic plaques and were located mainly in the cholesterol-rich necrotic core, but co-localization with the terminal C5b-9 complement complex was only found for CRP. In conclusion, this study identifies CRP as a strong C1q recruiter and complement facilitator on CC, which may be highly relevant for the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Pilely
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stefano Fumagalli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Anne Rosbjerg
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ninette Genster
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel-Ole Skjoedt
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carlo Perego
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela M R Ferrante
- Università Cattolica del S.Cuore, Istituto di Patologia Chirurgica, Fondazione "Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli", Polo Scienze cardiovascolari e toraciche, Roma, Italy
| | - Maria-Grazia De Simoni
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Garred
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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