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Balam S, Miura K, Ayadi I, Konaté D, Incandela NC, Agnolon V, Guindo MA, Diakité SA, Olugbile S, Nebie I, Herrera SM, Long C, Kajava AV, Diakité M, Corradin G, Herrera S, Herrera MA. Cross-reactivity of r Pvs48/45, a recombinant Plasmodium vivax protein, with sera from Plasmodium falciparum endemic areas of Africa. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.10.588966. [PMID: 38659832 PMCID: PMC11042229 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.10.588966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Background Ps48/45, a Plasmodium gametocyte surface protein, is a promising candidate for malaria transmission-blocking (TB) vaccine. Due to its relevance for a multispecies vaccine, we explored the cross-reactivity and TB activity of a recombinant P. vivax Ps48/45 protein (rPvs48/45) with sera from P. falciparum-exposed African donors. Methods rPvs48/45 was produced in Chinese hamster ovary cell lines and tested by ELISA for its cross-reactivity with sera from Burkina Faso, Tanzania, Mali, and Nigeria - In addition, BALB/c mice were immunized with the rPvs48/45 protein formulated in Montanide ISA-51 and inoculated with a crude extract of P. falciparum NF-54 gametocytes to evaluate the parasite-boosting effect on rPvs48/45 antibody titers. Specific anti-rPvs48/45 IgG purified from African sera was used to evaluate the ex vivo TB activity on P. falciparum, using standard mosquito membrane feeding assays (SMFA). Results rPvs48/45 protein showed cross-reactivity with sera of individuals from all four African countries, in proportions ranging from 94% (Tanzania) to 40% (Nigeria). Also, the level of cross-reactive antibodies varied significantly between countries (p<0.0001), with a higher antibody level in Mali and the lowest in Nigeria. In addition, antibody levels were higher in adults (≥ 17 years) than young children (≤ 5 years) in both Mali and Tanzania, with a higher proportion of responders in adults (90%) than in children (61%) (p<0.0001) in Mali, where male (75%) and female (80%) displayed similar antibody responses. Furthermore, immunization of mice with P. falciparum gametocytes boosted anti-Pvs48/45 antibody responses, recognizing P. falciparum gametocytes in indirect immunofluorescence antibody test. Notably, rPvs48/45 affinity-purified African IgG exhibited a TB activity of 61% against P. falciparum in SMFA. Conclusion African sera (exposed only to P. falciparum) cross-recognized the rPvs48/45 protein. This, together with the functional activity of IgG, warrants further studies for the potential development of a P. vivax and P. falciparum cross-protective TB vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saidou Balam
- International Center for Excellence in Research (ICER-Mali), University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | - Kazutoyo Miura
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Imen Ayadi
- Immunobiology Department, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Drissa Konaté
- International Center for Excellence in Research (ICER-Mali), University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Valentina Agnolon
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland aaaa
| | - Merepen A Guindo
- International Center for Excellence in Research (ICER-Mali), University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | - Seidina A.S. Diakité
- International Center for Excellence in Research (ICER-Mali), University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | - Sope Olugbile
- Immunobiology Department, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Issa Nebie
- Groupe de Recherche Action Santé (GRAS), Burkina Faso, West Africa
| | | | - Carole Long
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Andrey V. Kajava
- Montpellier Cell Biology Research Center (CRBM), University of Montpellier, CNRS, France
| | - Mahamadou Diakité
- International Center for Excellence in Research (ICER-Mali), University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Socrates Herrera
- Caucaseco Scientific Research Center, Cali, Colombia
- Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Cali, Colombia
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2
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Maecker HT. Multiparameter Flow Cytometry Monitoring of T Cell Responses. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2807:325-342. [PMID: 38743238 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3862-0_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Multiparameter flow cytometry is a common tool for assessing responses of T, B, and other cells to pathogens or vaccines. Such responses are likely to be important for predicting the efficacy of an HIV vaccine, despite the elusive findings in HIV vaccine trials to date. Fortunately, flow cytometry has evolved to be capable of readily measuring 30-40 parameters, providing the ability to dissect detailed phenotypes and functions that may be correlated with disease protection. Nevertheless, technical hurdles remain, and standardization of assays is still largely lacking. Here an optimized protocol for antigen-specific T cell monitoring is presented, with specific variations for particular markers. It covers the analysis of multiple cytokines, cell surface proteins, and other functional markers such as CD107, CD154, CD137, etc. References are given to published panels of 8-28 colors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holden T Maecker
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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3
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Vigário AM, Pamplona A. γδ T cells as immunotherapy for malaria: balancing challenges and opportunities. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1242306. [PMID: 38124746 PMCID: PMC10731019 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1242306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Vigário
- Projecto Medicina, Faculdade de Ciências da Vida, Universidade da Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Pamplona
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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4
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Thawornpan P, Malee C, Kochayoo P, Wangriatisak K, Leepiyasakulchai C, Ntumngia FB, De SL, Adams JH, Chootong P. Characterization of Duffy Binding Protein II-specific CD4 +T cell responses in Plasmodium vivax patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7741. [PMID: 37173361 PMCID: PMC10177721 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34903-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax Duffy Binding Protein region II (PvDBPII) is a leading vaccine candidate against blood-stage vivax malaria. Anti-PvDBPII antibodies potentially block parasite invasion by inhibition of erythrocyte binding. However, knowledge of PvDBPII-specific T cell responses is limited. Here, to assess the responses of PvDBPII-specific CD4+T cells in natural P. vivax infection, three cross-sectional studies were conducted in recovered subjects. In silico analysis was used for potential T cell epitope prediction and selection. PBMCs from P. vivax subjects were stimulated with selected peptides and examined for cytokine production by ELISPOT or intracellular cytokine staining. Six dominant T cell epitopes were identified. Peptide-driven T cell responses showed effector memory CD4+T cell phenotype, secreting both IFN-γ and TNF-α cytokines. Single amino acid substitutions in three T cell epitopes altered levels of IFN-γ memory T cell responses. Seropositivity of anti-PvDBPII antibodies were detected during acute malaria (62%) and persisted up to 12 months (11%) following P. vivax infection. Further correlation analysis showed four out of eighteen subjects had positive antibody and CD4+T cell responses to PvDBPII. Altogether, PvDBPII-specific CD4+T cells were developed in natural P. vivax infections. Data on their antigenicity could facilitate development of an efficacious vivax malaria vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pongsakorn Thawornpan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chayapat Malee
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Piyawan Kochayoo
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kittikorn Wangriatisak
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chaniya Leepiyasakulchai
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Francis B Ntumngia
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases Research, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sai Lata De
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases Research, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - John H Adams
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases Research, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Patchanee Chootong
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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5
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Sun Y, Shi X, Lu F, Fu H, Yin Y, Xu J, Jin C, Han ET, Huang X, Chen Y, Dong C, Cheng Y. Vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine targeting plasmodium blood-stage antigens elicits immune response and protects against malaria with protein booster strategy. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1042414. [PMID: 36504817 PMCID: PMC9731671 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1042414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Merozoite invasion of the erythrocytes in humans is a key step in the pathogenesis of malaria. The proteins involved in the merozoite invasion could be potential targets for the development of malaria vaccines. Novel viral-vector-based malaria vaccine regimens developed are currently under clinical trials. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a single-stranded negative-strand RNA virus widely used as a vector for virus or cancer vaccines. Whether the VSV-based malarial vaccine is more effective than conventional vaccines based on proteins involved in parasitic invasion is still unclear. In this study, we have used the reverse genetics system to construct recombinant VSVs (rVSVs) expressing apical membrane protein 1 (AMA1), rhoptry neck protein 2 (RON2), and reticulocyte-binding protein homolog 5 (RH5), which are required for Plasmodium falciparum invasion. Our results showed that VSV-based viral vaccines significantly increased Plasmodium-specific IgG levels and lymphocyte proliferation. Also, VSV-PyAMA1 and VSV-PyRON2sp prime-boost regimens could significantly increase the levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ-producing by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and suppress invasion in vitro. The rVSV prime-protein boost regimen significantly increase Plasmodium antigen-specific IgG levels in the serum of mice compared to the homologous rVSV prime-boost. Furthermore, the protective efficacy of rVSV prime protein boost immunization in the mice challenged with P. yoelii 17XL was better compared to traditional antigen immunization. Together, our results show that VSV vector is a novel strategy for malarial vaccine development and preventing the parasitic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China,Laboratory of Pathogen Infection and Immunity, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaodan Shi
- Laboratory of Pathogen Infection and Immunity, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haitian Fu
- Laboratory of Pathogen Infection and Immunity, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Yin
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Eun-taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Xuan Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongquan Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunsheng Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Chunsheng Dong,
| | - Yang Cheng
- Laboratory of Pathogen Infection and Immunity, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China,Yang Cheng,
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6
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Beeson JG, Kurtovic L, Valim C, Asante KP, Boyle MJ, Mathanga D, Dobano C, Moncunill G. The RTS,S malaria vaccine: Current impact and foundation for the future. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabo6646. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo6646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The RTS,S vaccine has recently been recommended for implementation as a childhood vaccine in regions with moderate-to-high malaria transmission. We discuss mechanisms of vaccine protection and longevity, implementation considerations, and future research needed to increase the vaccine’s health impact, including vaccine modifications for higher efficacy and longevity of protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- James G. Beeson
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Central Clinical School and Department of Microbiology, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liriye Kurtovic
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Central Clinical School and Department of Microbiology, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clarissa Valim
- Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kwaku Poku Asante
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Kintampo North Municipality, Bono East Region, Ghana
| | - Michelle J. Boyle
- QIMR Berghofer Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Biomedical Sciences, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Don Mathanga
- Malaria Alert Centre, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Carlota Dobano
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Moncunill
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Sagara I, Zongo I, Cairns M, Yerbanga RS, Mahamar A, Nikièma F, Tapily A, Sompougdou F, Diarra M, Zoungrana C, Issiaka D, Haro A, Sanogo K, Aziz Sienou A, Kaya M, Traore S, Thera I, Diarra K, Dolo A, Kuepfer I, Snell P, Milligan P, Ockenhouse C, Ofori-Anyinam O, Tinto H, Djimde A, Ouedraogo JB, Dicko A, Chandramohan D, Greenwood B. The Anti-Circumsporozoite Antibody Response of Children to Seasonal Vaccination With the RTS,S/AS01E Malaria Vaccine. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:613-622. [PMID: 34894221 PMCID: PMC9464075 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab1017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A trial in African children showed that combining seasonal vaccination with the RTS,S/AS01E vaccine with seasonal malaria chemoprevention reduced the incidence of uncomplicated and severe malaria compared with either intervention given alone. Here, we report on the anti-circumsporozoite antibody response to seasonal RTS,S/AS01E vaccination in children in this trial. METHODS Sera from a randomly selected subset of children collected before and 1 month after 3 priming doses of RTS,S/AS01E and before and 1 month after 2 seasonal booster doses were tested for anti-circumsporozoite antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The association between post-vaccination antibody titer and incidence of malaria was explored. RESULTS A strong anti-circumsporozoite antibody response to 3 priming doses of RTS,S/AS01E was seen (geometric mean titer, 368.9 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay units/mL), but titers fell prior to the first booster dose. A strong antibody response to an annual, pre-malaria transmission season booster dose was observed, but this was lower than after the primary vaccination series and lower after the second than after the first booster dose (ratio of geometric mean rise, 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], .57-.77). Children whose antibody response was in the upper tercile post-vaccination had a lower incidence of malaria during the following year than children in the lowest tercile (hazard ratio, 0.43; 95% CI, .28-.66). CONCLUSIONS Seasonal vaccination with RTS,S/AS01E induced a strong booster antibody response that was lower after the second than after the first booster dose. The diminished antibody response to the second booster dose was not associated with diminished efficacy. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT03143218.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew Cairns
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Almahamoudou Mahamar
- The Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Frédéric Nikièma
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Amadou Tapily
- The Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Modibo Diarra
- The Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Charles Zoungrana
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Djibrilla Issiaka
- The Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Alassane Haro
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Koualy Sanogo
- The Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Abdoul Aziz Sienou
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Mahamadou Kaya
- The Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Seydou Traore
- The Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Ismaila Thera
- The Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Kalifa Diarra
- The Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Amagana Dolo
- The Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Irene Kuepfer
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Snell
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Milligan
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Halidou Tinto
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Abdoulaye Djimde
- The Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Alassane Dicko
- The Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Brian Greenwood
- Correspondence: B. Greenwood, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., London WC1E 7HT, UK ()
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8
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Abstract
RTS,S/AS01 (Mosquirix®) is a vaccine against malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. In a phase 3 trial, RTS,S/AS01 showed vaccine efficacy against clinical malaria, severe malaria and malaria hospitalization, with an acceptable safety and tolerability profile, in children aged 6 weeks to 17 months; the vaccine efficacy was greater in children than in infants and waned over time. In another phase 3 trial, RTS,S/AS01 was noninferior to seasonal malaria chemoprevention in children. WHO recommends a 4-dose schedule of RTS,S/AS01 for the prevention of P. falciparum malaria in children from 5 months of age living in regions with moderate to high malaria transmission, with an optional 5-dose schedule for areas with highly seasonal malaria transmission. First results from large pilot implementation in Africa show that RTS,S/AS01 has a favourable safety profile, increases equity in access to malaria prevention, is highly cost effective, can be delivered through routine national immunization programmes and substantially reduces severe malaria burden. Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by Plasmodium parasites, which are spread to humans through bites of infected mosquitoes. RTS,S/AS01 (Mosquirix®) is a vaccine against malaria caused by P. falciparum. In phase 3 trials, RTS,S/AS01 showed vaccine efficacy against P. falciparum malaria and was at least as effective as seasonal malaria chemoprevention in children, with an acceptable safety and tolerability profile. Results of the first 2 years of a large scale pilot implementation of RTS,S/AS01 in Africa allowed WHO to recommend the vaccine for the prevention of P. falciparum malaria in children from 5 months of age living in regions with moderate to high malaria transmission, with an optional use for seasonal malaria.
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9
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Manurung MD, de Jong SE, Kruize Y, Mouwenda YD, Ongwe MEB, Honkpehedji YJ, Zinsou JF, Dejon-Agobe JC, Hoffman SL, Kremsner PG, Adegnika AA, Fendel R, Mordmüller B, Roestenberg M, Lell B, Yazdanbakhsh M. Immunological profiles associated with distinct parasitemic states in volunteers undergoing malaria challenge in Gabon. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13303. [PMID: 35922467 PMCID: PMC9349185 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17725-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) using cryopreserved non-attenuated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites (PfSPZ) offers a unique opportunity to investigate naturally acquired immunity (NAI). By analyzing blood samples from 5 malaria-naïve European and 20 African adults with lifelong exposure to malaria, before, 5, and 11 days after direct venous inoculation (DVI) with SanariaR PfSPZ Challenge, we assessed the immunological patterns associated with control of microscopic and submicroscopic parasitemia. All (5/5) European individuals developed parasitemia as defined by thick blood smear (TBS), but 40% (8/20) of the African individuals controlled their parasitemia, and therefore remained thick blood smear-negative (TBS− Africans). In the TBS− Africans, we observed higher baseline frequencies of CD4+ T cells producing interferon-gamma (IFNγ) that significantly decreased 5 days after PfSPZ DVI. The TBS− Africans, which represent individuals with either very strong and rapid blood-stage immunity or with immunity to liver stages, were stratified into subjects with sub-microscopic parasitemia (TBS-PCR+) or those with possibly sterilizing immunity (TBS−PCR−). Higher frequencies of IFNγ+TNF+CD8+ γδ T cells at baseline, which later decreased within five days after PfSPZ DVI, were associated with those who remained TBS−PCR−. These findings suggest that naturally acquired immunity is characterized by different cell types that show varying strengths of malaria parasite control. While the high frequencies of antigen responsive IFNγ+CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood keep the blood-stage parasites to a sub-microscopic level, it is the IFNγ+TNF+CD8+ γδ T cells that are associated with either immunity to the liver-stage, or rapid elimination of blood-stage parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhael D Manurung
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Sanne E de Jong
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Kruize
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yoanne D Mouwenda
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Madeleine Eunice Betouke Ongwe
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon.,Institut de Recherches en Ecologie Tropicale, CENAREST, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Yabo Josiane Honkpehedji
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Jeannot Frézus Zinsou
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon.,Fondation Pour La Recherche Scientifique, 72 BP45, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Jean Claude Dejon-Agobe
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon.,Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter G Kremsner
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon.,Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ayola Akim Adegnika
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon.,Fondation Pour La Recherche Scientifique, 72 BP45, Cotonou, Bénin.,Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rolf Fendel
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon.,Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Mordmüller
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon.,Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Meta Roestenberg
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bertrand Lell
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Yazdanbakhsh
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
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10
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Vakili ME, Faghih Z, Sarvari J, Doroudchi M, Hosseini SN, Kabelitz D, Kalantar K. Lower frequency of T stem cell memory (TSCM) cells in hepatitis B vaccine nonresponders. Immunol Res 2022; 70:469-480. [PMID: 35445310 PMCID: PMC9273562 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09278-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite the availability of an effective vaccine and antiviral treatments, hepatitis B is still a global public health problem. Hepatitis B vaccination can prevent the disease. Vaccination induces long-lasting protective immune memory, and the identification of memory cell subsets can indicate the effectiveness of vaccines. Here, we compared the frequency of CD4+ memory T cell subsets between responders and nonresponders to HB vaccination. Besides, the frequency of IFN-γ+ memory T cells was compared between studied groups. Study participants were grouped according to their anti-HBsAb titer. For restimulation of CD4+ memory T cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured in the presence of HBsAg and PHA for 48 h. Besides, PMA, ionomycin, and brefeldin were added during the last 5 h of incubation to induce IFN-γ production. Flow cytometry was used for analysis. There was a statistically significant difference in the frequency of CD4+CD95+, CD4+CD95Hi, and CD4+CD95low/med T stem cell memory (TSCM) cells between responder and nonresponder groups. However, the comparison of the frequency of memory T cells producing IFN-γ showed no differences. Our results identified a possible defect of immunological CD4+ memory T cell formation in nonresponders due to their lower frequency of CD4+ TSCM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Eshkevar Vakili
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Faghih
- School of Medicine, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jamal Sarvari
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Doroudchi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Nezamedin Hosseini
- Department of Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dieter Kabelitz
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig, Holstein Campus Kiel, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Kurosh Kalantar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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11
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Melkie ST, Arias L, Farroni C, Jankovic Makek M, Goletti D, Vilaplana C. The role of antibodies in tuberculosis diagnosis, prophylaxis and therapy: a review from the ESGMYC study group. Eur Respir Rev 2022; 31:31/163/210218. [PMID: 35264411 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0218-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is still responsible for the deaths of >1 million people yearly worldwide, and therefore its correct diagnosis is one of the key components of any TB eradication programme. However, current TB diagnostic tests have many limitations, and improved diagnostic accuracy is urgently needed. To improve the diagnostic performance of traditional serology, a combination of different Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) antigens and different antibody isotypes has been suggested, with some showing promising performance for the diagnosis of active TB. Given the incomplete protection conferred by bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination against adult pulmonary TB, efforts to discover novel TB vaccines are ongoing. Efficacy studies from advanced TB vaccines designed to stimulate cell-mediated immunity failed to show protection, suggesting that they may not be sufficient and warranting the need for other types of immunity. The role of antibodies as tools for TB therapy, TB diagnosis and TB vaccine design is discussed. Finally, we propose that the inclusion of antibody-based TB vaccines in current clinical trials may be advisable to improve protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Tibebu Melkie
- Experimental Tuberculosis Unit (UTE), Fundació Institut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Badalona, Spain.,UCBL, UnivLyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL1), Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lilibeth Arias
- Experimental Tuberculosis Unit (UTE), Fundació Institut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Badalona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Chiara Farroni
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases-IRCCS L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
| | - Mateja Jankovic Makek
- Dept for Respiratory Diseases, University Clinical Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,ESCMID (European Society on Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases) study group on mycobacterial infections, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Delia Goletti
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases-IRCCS L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy.,ESCMID (European Society on Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases) study group on mycobacterial infections, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Vilaplana
- Experimental Tuberculosis Unit (UTE), Fundació Institut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Badalona, Spain .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,ESCMID (European Society on Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases) study group on mycobacterial infections, Basel, Switzerland
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12
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Moncunill G, Carnes J, Chad Young W, Carpp L, De Rosa S, Campo JJ, Nhabomba A, Mpina M, Jairoce C, Finak G, Haas P, Muriel C, Van P, Sanz H, Dutta S, Mordmüller B, Agnandji ST, Díez-Padrisa N, Williams NA, Aponte JJ, Valim C, Neafsey DE, Daubenberger C, McElrath MJ, Dobaño C, Stuart K, Gottardo R. Transcriptional correlates of malaria in RTS,S/AS01-vaccinated African children: a matched case–control study. eLife 2022; 11:70393. [PMID: 35060479 PMCID: PMC8782572 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In a phase 3 trial in African infants and children, the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine (GSK) showed moderate efficacy against clinical malaria. We sought to further understand RTS,S/AS01-induced immune responses associated with vaccine protection. Methods: Applying the blood transcriptional module (BTM) framework, we characterized the transcriptomic response to RTS,S/AS01 vaccination in antigen-stimulated (and vehicle control) peripheral blood mononuclear cells sampled from a subset of trial participants at baseline and month 3 (1-month post-third dose). Using a matched case–control study design, we evaluated which of these ‘RTS,S/AS01 signature BTMs’ associated with malaria case status in RTS,S/AS01 vaccinees. Antigen-specific T-cell responses were analyzed by flow cytometry. We also performed a cross-study correlates analysis where we assessed the generalizability of our findings across three controlled human malaria infection studies of healthy, malaria-naive adult RTS,S/AS01 recipients. Results: RTS,S/AS01 vaccination was associated with downregulation of B-cell and monocyte-related BTMs and upregulation of T-cell-related BTMs, as well as higher month 3 (vs. baseline) circumsporozoite protein-specific CD4+ T-cell responses. There were few RTS,S/AS01-associated BTMs whose month 3 levels correlated with malaria risk. In contrast, baseline levels of BTMs associated with dendritic cells and with monocytes (among others) correlated with malaria risk. The baseline dendritic cell- and monocyte-related BTM correlations with malaria risk appeared to generalize to healthy, malaria-naive adults. Conclusions: A prevaccination transcriptomic signature associates with malaria in RTS,S/AS01-vaccinated African children, and elements of this signature may be broadly generalizable. The consistent presence of monocyte-related modules suggests that certain monocyte subsets may inhibit protective RTS,S/AS01-induced responses. Funding: Funding was obtained from the NIH-NIAID (R01AI095789), NIH-NIAID (U19AI128914), PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative (MVI), and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Instituto de Salud Carlos III, PI11/00423 and PI14/01422). The RNA-seq project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under grant number U19AI110818 to the Broad Institute. This study was also supported by the Vaccine Statistical Support (Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation award INV-008576/OPP1154739 to R.G.). C.D. was the recipient of a Ramon y Cajal Contract from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (RYC-2008-02631). G.M. was the recipient of a Sara Borrell–ISCIII fellowship (CD010/00156) and work was performed with the support of Department of Health, Catalan Government grant (SLT006/17/00109). This research is part of the ISGlobal’s Program on the Molecular Mechanisms of Malaria which is partially supported by the Fundación Ramón Areces and we acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the ‘Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019–2023’ Program (CEX2018-000806-S), and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Moncunill
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas
| | - Jason Carnes
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute
| | - William Chad Young
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
| | - Lindsay Carpp
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
| | - Stephen De Rosa
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
| | | | - Augusto Nhabomba
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Rua 12, Cambeve, Vila de Manhiça
| | | | - Chenjerai Jairoce
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Rua 12, Cambeve, Vila de Manhiça
| | - Greg Finak
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
| | - Paige Haas
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute
| | - Carl Muriel
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
| | - Phu Van
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
| | - Héctor Sanz
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona
| | | | - Benjamin Mordmüller
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and German Center for Infection Research
| | - Selidji T Agnandji
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and German Center for Infection Research
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), BP 242
| | | | | | - John J Aponte
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona
| | - Clarissa Valim
- Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health
| | - Daniel E Neafsey
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | | | - M Juliana McElrath
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Medicine, University of Washington
| | - Carlota Dobaño
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas
| | - Ken Stuart
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington
| | - Raphael Gottardo
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
- University of Lausanne and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois
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13
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Hill DL, Carr EJ, Rutishauser T, Moncunill G, Campo JJ, Innocentin S, Mpina M, Nhabomba A, Tumbo A, Jairoce C, Moll HA, van Zelm MC, Dobaño C, Daubenberger C, Linterman MA. Immune system development varies according to age, location, and anemia in African children. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/529/eaaw9522. [PMID: 32024802 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw9522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Children from low- and middle-income countries, where there is a high incidence of infectious disease, have the greatest need for the protection afforded by vaccination, but vaccines often show reduced efficacy in these populations. An improved understanding of how age, infection, nutrition, and genetics influence immune ontogeny and function is key to informing vaccine design for this at-risk population. We sought to identify factors that shape immune development in children under 5 years of age from Tanzania and Mozambique by detailed immunophenotyping of longitudinal blood samples collected during the RTS,S malaria vaccine phase 3 trial. In these cohorts, the composition of the immune system is dynamically transformed during the first years of life, and this was further influenced by geographical location, with some immune cell types showing an altered rate of development in Tanzanian children compared to Dutch children enrolled in the Generation R population-based cohort study. High-titer antibody responses to the RTS,S/AS01E vaccine were associated with an activated immune profile at the time of vaccination, including an increased frequency of antibody-secreting plasmablasts and follicular helper T cells. Anemic children had lower frequencies of recent thymic emigrant T cells, isotype-switched memory B cells, and plasmablasts; modulating iron bioavailability in vitro could recapitulate the B cell defects observed in anemic children. Our findings demonstrate that the composition of the immune system in children varies according to age, geographical location, and anemia status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danika L Hill
- Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK. .,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Edward J Carr
- Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tobias Rutishauser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel 4051, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel 4001, Switzerland
| | - Gemma Moncunill
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia 08036, Spain
| | - Joseph J Campo
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia 08036, Spain
| | - Silvia Innocentin
- Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Maxmillian Mpina
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel 4051, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel 4001, Switzerland.,Ifakara Health Institute, Bagamoyo, Tanzania
| | - Augusto Nhabomba
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça, Maputo, CP 1929, Mozambique
| | - Anneth Tumbo
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel 4051, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel 4001, Switzerland.,Ifakara Health Institute, Bagamoyo, Tanzania
| | - Chenjerai Jairoce
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça, Maputo, CP 1929, Mozambique
| | - Henriëtte A Moll
- Department of Pediatrics, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 GD, Netherlands
| | - Menno C van Zelm
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Carlota Dobaño
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça, Maputo, CP 1929, Mozambique
| | - Claudia Daubenberger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel 4051, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, Basel 4001, Switzerland
| | - Michelle A Linterman
- Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK.
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14
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Budroni S, Buricchi F, Cavallone A, Bourguignon P, Caubet M, Dewar V, D'Oro U, Finco O, Garçon N, El Idrissi M, Janssens M, Leroux-Roels G, Marchant A, Schwarz T, Van Damme P, Volpini G, van der Most R, Didierlaurent AM, Burny W. Antibody avidity, persistence, and response to antigen recall: comparison of vaccine adjuvants. NPJ Vaccines 2021; 6:78. [PMID: 34021167 PMCID: PMC8140094 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-021-00337-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Differences in innate immune ‘imprinting’ between vaccine adjuvants may mediate dissimilar effects on the quantity/quality of persisting adaptive responses. We compared antibody avidity maturation, antibody/memory B cell/CD4+ T cell response durability, and recall responses to non-adjuvanted fractional-dose antigen administered 1-year post-immunization (Day [D]360), between hepatitis B vaccines containing Adjuvant System (AS)01B, AS01E, AS03, AS04, or Alum (NCT00805389). Both the antibody and B cell levels ranked similarly (AS01B/E/AS03 > AS04 > Alum) at peak response, at D360, and following their increases post-antigen recall (D390). Proportions of high-avidity antibodies increased post-dose 2 across all groups and persisted at D360, but avidity maturation appeared to be more strongly promoted by AS vs. Alum. Post-antigen recall, frequencies of subjects with high-avidity antibodies increased only markedly in the AS groups. Among the AS, total antibody responses were lowest for AS04. However, proportions of high-avidity antibodies were similar between groups, suggesting that MPL in AS04 contributes to avidity maturation. Specific combinations of immunoenhancers in the AS, regardless of their individual nature, increase antibody persistence and avidity maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Arnaud Marchant
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tino Schwarz
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Vaccination Center, Klinikum Wuerzburg Mitte, Standort Juliusspital, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Pierre Van Damme
- Center for the Evaluation of Vaccination, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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15
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Abstract
Introduction: An effective vaccine against malaria forms a global health priority. Both naturally acquired immunity and sterile protection induced by irradiated sporozoite immunization were described decades ago. Still no vaccine exists that sufficiently protects children in endemic areas. Identifying immunological correlates of vaccine efficacy can inform rational vaccine design and potentially accelerate clinical development.Areas covered: We discuss recent research on immunological correlates of malaria vaccine efficacy, including: insights from state-of-the-art omics platforms and systems vaccinology analyses; functional anti-parasitic assays; pre-immunization predictors of vaccine efficacy; and comparison of correlates of vaccine efficacy against controlled human malaria infections (CHMI) and against naturally acquired infections.Expert Opinion: Effective vaccination may be achievable without necessarily understanding immunological correlates, but the relatively disappointing efficacy of malaria vaccine candidates in target populations is concerning. Hypothesis-generating omics and systems vaccinology analyses, alongside assessment of pre-immunization correlates, have the potential to bring about paradigm-shifts in malaria vaccinology. Functional assays may represent in vivo effector mechanisms, but have scarcely been formally assessed as correlates. Crucially, evidence is still meager that correlates of vaccine efficacy against CHMI correspond with those against naturally acquired infections in target populations. Finally, the diversity of immunological assays and efficacy endpoints across malaria vaccine trials remains a major confounder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew B B McCall
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
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16
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Semmes EC, Chen JL, Goswami R, Burt TD, Permar SR, Fouda GG. Understanding Early-Life Adaptive Immunity to Guide Interventions for Pediatric Health. Front Immunol 2021; 11:595297. [PMID: 33552052 PMCID: PMC7858666 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.595297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Infants are capable of mounting adaptive immune responses, but their ability to develop long-lasting immunity is limited. Understanding the particularities of the neonatal adaptive immune system is therefore critical to guide the design of immune-based interventions, including vaccines, in early life. In this review, we present a thorough summary of T cell, B cell, and humoral immunity in early life and discuss infant adaptive immune responses to pathogens and vaccines. We focus on the differences between T and B cell responses in early life and adulthood, which hinder the generation of long-lasting adaptive immune responses in infancy. We discuss how knowledge of early life adaptive immunity can be applied when developing vaccine strategies for this unique period of immune development. In particular, we emphasize the use of novel vaccine adjuvants and optimization of infant vaccine schedules. We also propose integrating maternal and infant immunization strategies to ensure optimal neonatal protection through passive maternal antibody transfer while avoiding hindering infant vaccine responses. Our review highlights that the infant adaptive immune system is functionally distinct and uniquely regulated compared to later life and that these particularities should be considered when designing interventions to promote pediatric health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor C. Semmes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Children’s Health and Discovery Initiative, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jui-Lin Chen
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ria Goswami
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Trevor D. Burt
- Children’s Health and Discovery Initiative, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sallie R. Permar
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Children’s Health and Discovery Initiative, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Genevieve G. Fouda
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Children’s Health and Discovery Initiative, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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17
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Ayadi I, Balam S, Audran R, Bikorimana JP, Nebie I, Diakité M, Felger I, Tanner M, Spertini F, Corradin G, Arevalo M, Herrera S, Agnolon V. P. falciparum and P. vivax Orthologous Coiled-Coil Candidates for a Potential Cross-Protective Vaccine. Front Immunol 2020; 11:574330. [PMID: 33193361 PMCID: PMC7609509 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.574330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last four decades, significant efforts have been invested to develop vaccines against malaria. Although most efforts are focused on the development of P. falciparum vaccines, the current availability of the parasite genomes, bioinformatics tools, and high throughput systems for both recombinant and synthetic antigen production have helped to accelerate vaccine development against the P. vivax parasite. We have previously in silico identified several P. falciparum and P. vivax proteins containing α-helical coiled-coil motifs that represent novel putative antigens for vaccine development since they are highly immunogenic and have been associated with protection in many in vitro functional assays. Here, we selected five pairs of P. falciparum and P. vivax orthologous peptides to assess their sero-reactivity using plasma samples collected in P. falciparum- endemic African countries. Pf-Pv cross-reactivity was also investigated. The pairs Pf27/Pv27, Pf43/Pv43, and Pf45/Pv45 resulted to be the most promising candidates for a cross-protective vaccine because they showed a high degree of recognition in direct and competition ELISA assays and cross-reactivity with their respective ortholog. The recognition of P. vivax peptides by plasma of P. falciparum infected individuals indicates the existence of a high degree of cross-reactivity between these two Plasmodium species. The design of longer polypeptides combining these epitopes will allow the assessment of their immunogenicity and protective efficacy in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ayadi
- Biochemistry Department, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Saidou Balam
- University Clinical Research Center (UCRC), University of Sciences, Techniques, and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali.,Department of Internal Medicine II-Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Régine Audran
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Pierre Bikorimana
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Issa Nebie
- Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Mahamadou Diakité
- University Clinical Research Center (UCRC), University of Sciences, Techniques, and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | - Ingrid Felger
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Tanner
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - François Spertini
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Myriam Arevalo
- Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Cali, Colombia.,Caucaseco Scientific Research Center, Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Valentina Agnolon
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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18
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Mo AXY, Pesce J, Augustine AD, Bodmer JL, Breen J, Leitner W, Hall BF. Understanding vaccine-elicited protective immunity against pre-erythrocytic stage malaria in endemic regions. Vaccine 2020; 38:7569-7577. [PMID: 33071001 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent malaria vaccine trials in endemic areas have yielded disparate results compared to studies conducted in non-endemic areas. A workshop was organized to discuss the differential pre-erythrocytic stage malaria vaccine (Pre-E-Vac) efficacies and underlying protective immunity under various conditions. It was concluded that many factors, including vaccine technology platforms, host genetics or physiologic conditions, and parasite and mosquito vector variations, may all contribute to Pre-E-Vac efficacy. Cross-disciplinary approaches are needed to decipher the multi-dimensional variables that contribute to the observed vaccine hypo-responsiveness. The malaria vaccine community has an opportunity to leverage recent advances in immunology, systems vaccinology, and high dimensionality data science methodologies to generate new clinical datasets with unprecedented levels of functional resolution as well as capitalize on existing datasets for comprehensive and aggregate analyses. These approaches would help to unlock our understanding of Pre-E-Vac immunology and to translate new candidates from the laboratory to the field more predictably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie X Y Mo
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Department of Health and Human Service, Rockville, MD 20892, MSC 9825, USA.
| | - John Pesce
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Department of Health and Human Service, Rockville, MD 20892, MSC 9825, USA
| | - Alison Deckhut Augustine
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Department of Health and Human Service, Rockville, MD 20892, MSC 9825, USA
| | | | - Joseph Breen
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Department of Health and Human Service, Rockville, MD 20892, MSC 9825, USA
| | - Wolfgang Leitner
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Department of Health and Human Service, Rockville, MD 20892, MSC 9825, USA
| | - B Fenton Hall
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Department of Health and Human Service, Rockville, MD 20892, MSC 9825, USA
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19
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Abuga KM, Jones-Warner W, Hafalla JCR. Immune responses to malaria pre-erythrocytic stages: Implications for vaccine development. Parasite Immunol 2020; 43:e12795. [PMID: 32981095 PMCID: PMC7612353 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-attenuated sporozoites induce sterilizing immunity and remain the 'gold standard' for malaria vaccine development. Despite practical challenges in translating these whole sporozoite vaccines to large-scale intervention programmes, they have provided an excellent platform to dissect the immune responses to malaria pre-erythrocytic (PE) stages, comprising both sporozoites and exoerythrocytic forms. Investigations in rodent models have provided insights that led to the clinical translation of various vaccine candidates-including RTS,S/AS01, the most advanced candidate currently in a trial implementation programme in three African countries. With advances in immunology, transcriptomics and proteomics, and application of lessons from past failures, an effective, long-lasting and wide-scale malaria PE vaccine remains feasible. This review underscores the progress in PE vaccine development, focusing on our understanding of host-parasite immunological crosstalk in the tissue environments of the skin and the liver. We highlight possible gaps in the current knowledge of PE immunity that can impact future malaria vaccine development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin Mokaya Abuga
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Department of Epidemiology and Demography, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - William Jones-Warner
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Julius Clemence R Hafalla
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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20
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Ullah I, Bibi S, Ul Haq I, Safia, Ullah K, Ge L, Shi X, Bin M, Niu H, Tian J, Zhu B. The Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Immunogenicity and Safety of the Tuberculosis Subunit Vaccines M72/AS01 E and MVA85A. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1806. [PMID: 33133057 PMCID: PMC7578575 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a severe infectious disease with devastating effects on global public health. No TB vaccine has yet been approved for use on latent TB infections and healthy adults. In this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of the M72/AS01E and MVA85A subunit vaccines. The M72/AS01E is a novel peptide-based vaccine currently in progress, which may increase the protection level against TB infection. The MVA85A was a viral vector-based TB subunit vaccine being used in the clinical trials. The vaccines mentioned above have been studied in various phase I/II clinical trials. Immunogenicity and safety is the first consideration for TB vaccine development. Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for published studies (until October 2019) to find out information on the M72/AS01E and MVA85A candidate vaccines. The meta-analysis was conducted by applying the standard methods and processes established by the Cochrane Collaboration. Results: Five eligible randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were selected for the meta-analysis of M72/AS01E candidate vaccines. The analysis revealed that the M72/AS01E subunit vaccine had an abundance of polyfunctional M72-specific CD4+ T cells [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 2.37] in the vaccine group versus the control group, the highest seropositivity rate [relative risk (RR) = 5.09]. The M72/AS01E vaccinated group were found to be at high risk of local injection site redness (RR = 2.64), headache (RR = 1.59), malaise (RR = 3.55), myalgia (RR = 2.27), fatigue (RR = 2.16), pain (RR = 3.99), swelling (RR = 5.09), and fever (RR = 2.04) compared to the control groups. The incidences of common adverse events of M72/AS01E were local injection site redness, headache, malaise, myalgia, fatigue, pain, swelling, fever, etc. Six eligible RCTs were selected for the meta-analysis on MVA85A candidate vaccines. The analysis revealed that the subunit vaccine MVA85A had a higher abundance of overall pooled proportion polyfunctional MVA85A-specific CD4+ T cells SMD = 2.41 in the vaccine group vs. the control group, with the highest seropositivity rate [estimation rate (ER) = 0.55]. The MVA85A vaccinated group were found to be at high risk of local injection site redness (ER = 0.55), headache (ER = 0.40), malaise (ER = 0.29), pain (ER = 0.54), myalgia (ER = 0.31), and fever (ER = 0.20). The incidences of common adverse events of MVA85A were local injection site redness, headache, malaise, pain, myalgia, fever, etc. Conclusion: The M72/AS01E and MVA85A vaccines against TB are safe and had immunogenicity in diverse clinical trials. The M72/AS01E and MVA85A vaccines are associated with a mild adverse reaction. The meta-analysis on immunogenicity and safety of M72/AS01E and MVA85A vaccines provides useful information for the evaluation of available subunit vaccines in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inayat Ullah
- Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research and Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shaheen Bibi
- Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research and Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ijaz Ul Haq
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Safia
- Pakistan Institute of Community Ophthalmology (PICO), Hayatabad Medical Complex, KMU, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Kifayat Ullah
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Long Ge
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xintong Shi
- Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research and Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ma Bin
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Niu
- Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research and Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinhui Tian
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bingdong Zhu
- Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research and Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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21
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Shi S, Liang Z, Sun B. Response to comment on: Vaccine adjuvants: Understanding the structure and mechanism of adjuvanticity. Vaccine 2020; 38:2759. [PMID: 32145881 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, China; School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, China
| | - Zhihui Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, China; School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, China
| | - Bingbing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, China; School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, China.
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22
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Moncunill G, Scholzen A, Mpina M, Nhabomba A, Hounkpatin AB, Osaba L, Valls R, Campo JJ, Sanz H, Jairoce C, Williams NA, Pasini EM, Arteta D, Maynou J, Palacios L, Duran-Frigola M, Aponte JJ, Kocken CHM, Agnandji ST, Mas JM, Mordmüller B, Daubenberger C, Sauerwein R, Dobaño C. Antigen-stimulated PBMC transcriptional protective signatures for malaria immunization. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:12/543/eaay8924. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay8924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Identifying immune correlates of protection and mechanisms of immunity accelerates and streamlines the development of vaccines. RTS,S/AS01E, the most clinically advanced malaria vaccine, has moderate efficacy in African children. In contrast, immunization with sporozoites under antimalarial chemoprophylaxis (CPS immunization) can provide 100% sterile protection in naïve adults. We used systems biology approaches to identifying correlates of vaccine-induced immunity based on transcriptomes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from individuals immunized with RTS,S/AS01E or chemoattenuated sporozoites stimulated with parasite antigens in vitro. Specifically, we used samples of individuals from two age cohorts and three African countries participating in an RTS,S/AS01E pediatric phase 3 trial and malaria-naïve individuals participating in a CPS trial. We identified both preimmunization and postimmunization transcriptomic signatures correlating with protection. Signatures were validated in independent children and infants from the RTS,S/AS01E phase 3 trial and individuals from an independent CPS trial with high accuracies (>70%). Transcription modules revealed interferon, NF-κB, Toll-like receptor (TLR), and monocyte-related signatures associated with protection. Preimmunization signatures suggest that priming the immune system before vaccination could potentially improve vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy. Last, signatures of protection could be useful to determine efficacy in clinical trials, accelerating vaccine candidate testing. Nevertheless, signatures should be tested more extensively across multiple cohorts and trials to demonstrate their universal predictive capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Moncunill
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic–Universitat de Barcelona, E-08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Rua 12, Cambeve, Vila de Manhiça, CP 1929 Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Anja Scholzen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Maximillian Mpina
- Ifakara Health Institute, Bagamoyo Research and Training Centre. P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Augusto Nhabomba
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Rua 12, Cambeve, Vila de Manhiça, CP 1929 Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Aurore Bouyoukou Hounkpatin
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), BP 242 Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and German Center for Infection Research, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lourdes Osaba
- Progenika Biopharma. A Grifols Company, S.A., 48160 Derio, Vizcaya, Spain
| | | | - Joseph J. Campo
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic–Universitat de Barcelona, E-08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Rua 12, Cambeve, Vila de Manhiça, CP 1929 Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Hèctor Sanz
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic–Universitat de Barcelona, E-08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Chenjerai Jairoce
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Rua 12, Cambeve, Vila de Manhiça, CP 1929 Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Nana Aba Williams
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic–Universitat de Barcelona, E-08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Erica M. Pasini
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - David Arteta
- Progenika Biopharma. A Grifols Company, S.A., 48160 Derio, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Joan Maynou
- Progenika Biopharma. A Grifols Company, S.A., 48160 Derio, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Lourdes Palacios
- Progenika Biopharma. A Grifols Company, S.A., 48160 Derio, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Miquel Duran-Frigola
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona). The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - John J. Aponte
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic–Universitat de Barcelona, E-08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Clemens H. M. Kocken
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Selidji Todagbe Agnandji
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), BP 242 Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and German Center for Infection Research, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Benjamin Mordmüller
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and German Center for Infection Research, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Daubenberger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Sauerwein
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Carlota Dobaño
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic–Universitat de Barcelona, E-08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Rua 12, Cambeve, Vila de Manhiça, CP 1929 Maputo, Mozambique
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23
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Solaymani-Mohammadi S, Eckmann L, Singer SM. Interleukin (IL)-21 in Inflammation and Immunity During Parasitic Diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:401. [PMID: 31867283 PMCID: PMC6904299 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitic diseases cause significant morbidity and mortality in the developing and underdeveloped countries. No efficacious vaccines are available against most parasitic diseases and there is a critical need for developing novel vaccine strategies for care. IL-21 is a pleiotropic cytokine whose functions in protection and immunopathology during parasitic diseases have been explored in limited ways. IL-21 and its cognate receptor, IL-21R, are highly expressed in parasitized organs of infected humans as well in murine models of the human parasitic diseases. Prior studies have indicated the ability of the IL-21/IL-21R signaling axis to regulate the effector functions (e.g., cytokine production) of T cell subsets by enhancing the expression of T-bet and STAT4 in human T cells, resulting in an augmented production of IFN-γ. Mice deficient for either IL-21 (Il21−/−) or IL-21R (Il21r−/−) showed significantly reduced inflammatory responses following parasitic infections as compared with their WT counterparts. Targeting the IL-21/IL-21R signaling axis may provide a novel approach for the development of new therapeutic agents for the prevention of parasite-induced immunopathology and tissue destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Solaymani-Mohammadi
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Lars Eckmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Steven M Singer
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
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Abstract
Malaria is an illness caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted to humans by infected mosquitoes. Of the five species that infect humans, P. falciparum exacts the highest toll in terms of human morbidity and mortality, and therefore represents a major public health threat in endemic areas. Recent advances in control efforts have reduced malaria incidence and prevalence, including rapid diagnostic testing, highly effective artemisinin combination therapy, use of insecticide-treated bednets, and indoor residual spraying. But, reductions in numbers of cases have stalled over the last few years, and incidence may have increased. As this concerning trend calls for new tools to combat the disease, the RTS,S vaccine has arrived just in time. The vaccine was created in 1987 and began pilot implementation in endemic countries in 2019. This first-generation malaria vaccine demonstrates modest efficacy against malaria illness and holds promise as a public health tool, especially for children in high-transmission areas where mortality is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Laurens
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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25
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Ji Z, Jian M, Chen T, Luo L, Li L, Dai X, Bai R, Ding Z, Bi Y, Wen S, Zhou G, Abi ME, Liu A, Bao F. Immunogenicity and Safety of the M72/AS01 E Candidate Vaccine Against Tuberculosis: A Meta-Analysis. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2089. [PMID: 31552037 PMCID: PMC6735267 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Currently, there is no tuberculosis (TB) vaccine recommended for use in latent TB infections and healthy adults. M72/AS01E is a new peptide vaccine currently under development, which may improve protection against TB disease. This vaccine has been investigated in several phase I/II clinical trials. We conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the immunogenicity and safety of the M72/AS01E peptide vaccine. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for published studies (until December 2018) investigating this candidate vaccine. A meta-analysis was performed using the standard methods and procedures established by the Cochrane Collaboration. Results: Seven eligible studies—involving 4,590 participants—were selected. The analysis revealed a vaccine efficacy was 57.0%, significantly higher abundance of polyfunctional M72-specific CD4+ T cells [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 2.58] in the vaccine group vs. the control group, the highest seropositivity rate [relative risk (RR) = 74.87] at 1 month after the second dose of vaccination (Day 60), and sustained elevated anti-M72 IgG geometric mean concentration at study end (Day 210) (SWD = 4.94). Compared with the control, participants who received vaccination were at increased risk of local injection site redness [relative risk (RR) = 5.99], local swelling (RR = 7.57), malaise (RR = 3.01), and fatigue (RR = 3.17). However, they were not at increased risk of headache (RR = 1.57), myalgia (RR = 0.97), and pain (RR = 3.02). Conclusion: The M72/AS01E vaccine against TB is safe and effective. Although the vaccine is associated with a mild adverse reaction, it is promising for the prevention of TB in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Ji
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Miaomiao Jian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Taigui Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lisha Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lianbao Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiting Dai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ruolan Bai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhe Ding
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yunfeng Bi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shiyuan Wen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Guozhong Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Manzama-Esso Abi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Aihua Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,The Institute for Tropical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Major Childhood Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fukai Bao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,The Institute for Tropical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Major Childhood Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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26
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Dantzler KW, de la Parte L, Jagannathan P. Emerging role of γδ T cells in vaccine-mediated protection from infectious diseases. Clin Transl Immunology 2019; 8:e1072. [PMID: 31485329 PMCID: PMC6712516 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells are fascinating cells that bridge the innate and adaptive immune systems. They have long been known to proliferate rapidly following infection; however, the identity of the specific γδ T cell subsets proliferating and the role of this expansion in protection from disease have only been explored more recently. Several recent studies have investigated γδ T‐cell responses to vaccines targeting infections such as Mycobacterium, Plasmodium and influenza, and studies in animal models have provided further insight into the association of these responses with improved clinical outcomes. In this review, we examine the evidence for a role for γδ T cells in vaccine‐induced protection against various bacterial, protozoan and viral infections. We further discuss results suggesting potential mechanisms for protection, including cytokine‐mediated direct and indirect killing of infected cells, and highlight remaining open questions in the field. Finally, building on current efforts to integrate strategies targeting γδ T cells into immunotherapies for cancer, we discuss potential approaches to improve vaccines for infectious diseases by inducing γδ T‐cell activation and cytotoxicity.
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27
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Beeson JG, Kurtovic L, Dobaño C, Opi DH, Chan JA, Feng G, Good MF, Reiling L, Boyle MJ. Challenges and strategies for developing efficacious and long-lasting malaria vaccines. Sci Transl Med 2019; 11:11/474/eaau1458. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau1458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although there has been major recent progress in malaria vaccine development, substantial challenges remain for achieving highly efficacious and durable vaccines against Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria. Greater knowledge of mechanisms and key targets of immunity are needed to accomplish this goal, together with new strategies for generating potent, long-lasting, functional immunity against multiple antigens. Implementation considerations in endemic areas will ultimately affect vaccine effectiveness, so innovations to simplify and enhance delivery are also needed. Whereas challenges remain, recent exciting progress and emerging knowledge promise hope for the future of malaria vaccines.
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28
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Todryk SM. T Cell Memory to Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2018; 6:vaccines6040084. [PMID: 30558246 PMCID: PMC6313890 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines6040084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most immune responses associated with vaccination are controlled by specific T cells of a CD4+ helper phenotype which mediate the generation of effector antibodies, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), or the activation of innate immune effector cells. A rapidly growing understanding of the generation, maintenance, activity, and measurement of such T cells is leading to vaccination strategies with greater efficacy and potentially greater microbial coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Todryk
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
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29
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Soon MSF, Haque A. Recent Insights into CD4+Th Cell Differentiation in Malaria. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:1965-1975. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Wagstaffe HR, Mooney JP, Riley EM, Goodier MR. Vaccinating for natural killer cell effector functions. Clin Transl Immunology 2018; 7:e1010. [PMID: 29484187 PMCID: PMC5822400 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination has proved to be highly effective in reducing global mortality and eliminating infectious diseases. Building on this success will depend on the development of new and improved vaccines, new methods to determine efficacy and optimum dosing and new or refined adjuvant systems. NK cells are innate lymphoid cells that respond rapidly during primary infection but also have adaptive characteristics enabling them to integrate innate and acquired immune responses. NK cells are activated after vaccination against pathogens including influenza, yellow fever and tuberculosis, and their subsequent maturation, proliferation and effector function is dependent on myeloid accessory cell-derived cytokines such as IL-12, IL-18 and type I interferons. Activation of antigen-presenting cells by live attenuated or whole inactivated vaccines, or by the use of adjuvants, leads to enhanced and sustained NK cell activity, which in turn contributes to T cell recruitment and memory cell formation. This review explores the role of cytokine-activated NK cells as vaccine-induced effector cells and in recall responses and their potential contribution to vaccine and adjuvant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen R Wagstaffe
- Department of Immunology and InfectionLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
| | - Jason P Mooney
- Department of Immunology and InfectionLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghMidlothianUK
| | - Eleanor M Riley
- Department of Immunology and InfectionLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghMidlothianUK
| | - Martin R Goodier
- Department of Immunology and InfectionLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
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