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Mao S, Wu L, Shi W. Risk prediction for liver injury in Epstein-Barr virus infection in pediatric respiratory tract infections. Ital J Pediatr 2023; 49:138. [PMID: 37821886 PMCID: PMC10568893 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01546-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is likely to co-occur in pediatric respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Liver injury is the common complication of EBV infection. The detailed risk factors for liver injury in EBV infection remain elusive. We aimed to investigate the incidence, characteristics and potential risk factors for liver injury in EBV infection for early risk prediction. METHODS We retrospectively recruited the pediatric RTIs cases with EBV infection according to a predefined criteria from our hospital between January 2015 and December 2017. We extracted the clinical and laboratory data from the electronical medical records. The impact of age, gender, and various parameters on the liver injury risk was investigated. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed to analyse the association between clinical/laboratory parameters and liver injury. The related indexes were enrolled in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Decision curve analysis was used to yield the value of related parameters in predicting liver injury. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was applied to produce the C-index of white blood cell (WBC) count for liver injury. We also tested the non-linear association between WBC count and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). RESULTS A total of 216 pediatric RTIs with EBV infection were enrolled. EBV infection is more likely to occur during the winter season. Cytomegalovirus infection was independently associated with liver injury in EBV infection (OR = 6.972, 95% CI = 1.648-29.490, p = 0.008). WBC count was independently associated with liver injury in EBV infection (OR = 1.169, 95% CI = 1.051-1.301, p = 0.004). The P interaction value between WBC count and cytomegalovirus was 0.149. The decision curve analysis showed that WBC count had larger area under curve compared with platelet (PLT) and birthweight (BW). ROC analysis yielded the c-index of WBC count: 0.75 and cut-point of 8.3. The turning point of WBC count in its association with ALT was 16.8. The p value before and after the turning point was < 0.001 and 0.123, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Cytomegalovirus co-infection demonstrated 5.972 more times of liver injury risk in EBV infection. WBC count was an independent biomarker for liver injury before the turning point of 16.8 in EBV infection. More attention should be paid to the risk of EBV infection in the winter. Cytomegalovirus infection and WBC count merit attention in the monitoring of possible liver injury in EBV infection among pediatric RTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Mao
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Liangxia Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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2
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Desimio MG, Covino DA, Rivalta B, Cancrini C, Doria M. The Role of NK Cells in EBV Infection and Related Diseases: Current Understanding and Hints for Novel Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061914. [PMID: 36980798 PMCID: PMC10047181 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus most often transmitted during infancy and infecting the vast majority of human beings. Usually, EBV infection is nearly asymptomatic and results in life-long persistency of the virus in a latent state under the control of the host immune system. Yet EBV can cause an acute infectious mononucleosis (IM), particularly in adolescents, and is associated with several malignancies and severe diseases that pose a serious threat to individuals with specific inborn error of immunity (IEI). While there is a general consensus on the requirement for functional CD8 T cells to control EBV infection, the role of the natural killer (NK) cells of the innate arm of immunity is more enigmatic. Here we provide an overview of the interaction between EBV and NK cells in the immunocompetent host as well as in the context of primary and secondary immunodeficiencies. Moreover, we report in vitro data on the mechanisms that regulate the capacity of NK cells to recognize and kill EBV-infected cell targets and discuss the potential of recently optimized NK cell-based immunotherapies for the treatment of EBV-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Desimio
- Primary Immunodeficiency Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela A Covino
- Primary Immunodeficiency Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Rivalta
- Primary Immunodeficiency Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Cancrini
- Primary Immunodeficiency Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Margherita Doria
- Primary Immunodeficiency Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
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3
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Urdinez L, Erra L, Palma AM, Mercogliano MF, Fernandez JB, Prieto E, Goris V, Bernasconi A, Sanz M, Villa M, Bouso C, Caputi L, Quesada B, Solis D, Aguirre Bruzzo A, Katsicas MM, Galluzzo L, Weyersberg C, Bocian M, Bujan MM, Oleastro M, Almejun MB, Danielian S. Expanding spectrum, intrafamilial diversity, and therapeutic challenges from 15 patients with heterozygous CARD11-associated diseases: A single center experience. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1020927. [PMID: 36405754 PMCID: PMC9668901 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1020927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CARD11-associated diseases are monogenic inborn errors of immunity involving immunodeficiency, predisposition to malignancy and immune dysregulation such as lymphoproliferation, inflammation, atopic and autoimmune manifestations. Defects in CARD11 can present as mutations that confer a complete or a partial loss of function (LOF) or contrarily, a gain of function (GOF) of the affected gene product. We report clinical characteristics, immunophenotypes and genotypes of 15 patients from our center presenting with CARD11-associated diseases. Index cases are pediatric patients followed in our immunology division who had access to next generation sequencing studies. Variant significance was defined by functional analysis in cultured cells transfected with a wild type and/or with mutated hCARD11 constructs. Cytoplasmic aggregation of CARD11 products was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Nine index patients with 9 unique heterozygous CARD11 variants were identified. At the time of the identification, 7 variants previously unreported required functional validation. Altogether, four variants showed a GOF effect as well a spontaneous aggregation in the cytoplasm, leading to B cell expansion with NF-κB and T cell anergy (BENTA) diagnosis. Additional four variants showing a LOF activity were considered as causative of CARD11-associated atopy with dominant interference of NF-kB signaling (CADINS). The remaining variant exhibited a neutral functional assay excluding its carrier from further analysis. Family segregation studies expanded to 15 individuals the number of patients presenting CARD11-associated disease. A thorough clinical, immunophenotypical, and therapeutic management evaluation was performed on these patients (5 BENTA and 10 CADINS). A remarkable variability of disease expression was clearly noted among BENTA as well as in CADINS patients, even within multiplex families. Identification of novel CARD11 variants required functional studies to validate their pathogenic activity. In our cohort BENTA phenotype exhibited a more severe and expanded clinical spectrum than previously reported, e.g., severe hematological and extra hematological autoimmunity and 3 fatal outcomes. The growing number of patients with dysmorphic facial features strengthen the inclusion of extra-immune characteristics as part of the CADINS spectrum. CARD11-associated diseases represent a challenging group of disorders from the diagnostic and therapeutic standpoint, especially BENTA cases that can undergo a more severe progression than previously described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Urdinez
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lorenzo Erra
- Laboratorio de Biofisicoquímica de Proteínas, Departamento de Química Biológica, Instituto de Quimica Biologica de Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Genética en Endocrinología, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnologia y Biologia Translacional (IB3), Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro M. Palma
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F. Mercogliano
- Laboratorio de Biofisicoquímica de Proteínas, Departamento de Química Biológica, Instituto de Quimica Biologica de Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Genética en Endocrinología, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnologia y Biologia Translacional (IB3), Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Belén Fernandez
- Laboratorio de Biofisicoquímica de Proteínas, Departamento de Química Biológica, Instituto de Quimica Biologica de Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Genética en Endocrinología, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnologia y Biologia Translacional (IB3), Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Emma Prieto
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica Goris
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Bernasconi
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marianela Sanz
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Villa
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Bouso
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucia Caputi
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Belen Quesada
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Solis
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anabel Aguirre Bruzzo
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Martha Katsicas
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Galluzzo
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Christian Weyersberg
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela Bocian
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Marta Bujan
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matías Oleastro
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María B. Almejun
- Laboratorio de Biofisicoquímica de Proteínas, Departamento de Química Biológica, Instituto de Quimica Biologica de Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Genética en Endocrinología, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnologia y Biologia Translacional (IB3), Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Danielian
- Servicio de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Zhao P, Hu Y, Sun D, Meng Q, Zhang L, Zhang X, Tan L, Zhang Y, Ding Y, He X. A novel CARD11 germline mutation in a Chinese patient of B cell expansion with NF-κB and T cell anergy (BENTA) and literature review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:943027. [PMID: 36203613 PMCID: PMC9530255 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.943027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the CARD11 gene lead to a rare primary immunodeficiency disease known as B cell expansion with NF-κB and T cell anergy (BENTA). Affected patients present with a polyclonal expansion of B cells, lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly. Herein, we report a novel germline in-frame three base-pair deletion (c.1030_1032del, p.K344del) in the CARD11 gene in a patient with atypical BENTA, presenting with a recurrent fever and B cell lymphocytosis. This mutation was inherited from his mother, who is clinically asymptomatic and had a recurrent respiratory tract infection in her childhood. In vitro functional analysis demonstrated that this variant decreased the expression level of the CARD11 protein and activated the NF-κB signal pathway, leading to a higher expression of several NF-κB target gene transcripts in HCT116 cells transfected with mutant CARD11 (K344del-CARD11) as revealed by RNA sequencing analysis. To our knowledge, only 23 BENTA patients have been identified and carried seven distinct GOF mutations in CARD11. The clinical manifestations of patients are highly heterogeneous and there was no significant correlation between genotype and phenotype. In summary, we identified a novel in-frame three base-pair deletion that may be responsible for the pathogenesis of atypical BENTA in a Chinese family. Our study expands the mutational spectrum of the CARD11 gene and may be helpful in the understanding of diseases caused by CARD11 mutations and the clinical management of BENTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwei Zhao
- Precision Medical Center, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanqiu Hu
- Precision Medical Center, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongming Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingjie Meng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Precision Medical Center, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiankai Zhang
- Precision Medical Center, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Tan
- Precision Medical Center, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xuelian He, ; Yan Ding, ; Yong Zhang,
| | - Yan Ding
- Rheumatology and Immunology Department, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xuelian He, ; Yan Ding, ; Yong Zhang,
| | - Xuelian He
- Precision Medical Center, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xuelian He, ; Yan Ding, ; Yong Zhang,
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5
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Sharma S, Pilania RK, Anjani G, Sudhakar M, Arora K, Tyagi R, Dhaliwal M, Vignesh P, Rawat A, Singh S. Lymphoproliferation in Inborn Errors of Immunity: The Eye Does Not See What the Mind Does Not Know. Front Immunol 2022; 13:856601. [PMID: 35603189 PMCID: PMC9114776 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.856601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) are a group of heterogeneous disorders characterized by a broad clinical spectrum of recurrent infections and immune dysregulation including autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation (LP). LP in the context of IEI may be the presenting feature of underlying immune disorder or may develop during the disease course. However, the correct diagnosis of LP in IEI as benign or malignant often poses a diagnostic dilemma due to the non-specific clinical features and overlapping morphological and immunophenotypic features which make it difficult to treat. There are morphological clues to LP associated with certain IEIs. A combination of ancillary techniques including EBV-associated markers, flow cytometry, and molecular assays may prove useful in establishing a correct diagnosis in an appropriate clinical setting. The present review attempts to provide comprehensive insight into benign and malignant LP, especially the pathogenesis, histological clues, diagnostic strategies, and treatment options in patients with IEIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saniya Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics (Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Pilania
- Department of Pediatrics (Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gummadi Anjani
- Department of Pediatrics (Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Murugan Sudhakar
- Department of Pediatrics (Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kanika Arora
- Department of Pediatrics (Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rahul Tyagi
- Department of Pediatrics (Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manpreet Dhaliwal
- Department of Pediatrics (Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pandiarajan Vignesh
- Department of Pediatrics (Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amit Rawat
- Department of Pediatrics (Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Surjit Singh
- Department of Pediatrics (Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Bedsaul JR, Shah N, Hutcherson SM, Pomerantz JL. Mechanistic impact of oligomer poisoning by dominant-negative CARD11 variants. iScience 2022; 25:103810. [PMID: 35198875 PMCID: PMC8844825 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The CARD11 scaffold controls antigen receptor signaling to NF-κB, JNK, and mTOR. Three classes of germline mutations in CARD11 cause Primary Immunodeficiency, including homozygous loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in CARD11 deficiency, heterozygous gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in BENTA disease, and heterozygous dominant-negative LOF mutations in CADINS. Here, we characterize LOF CARD11 mutants with a range of dominant-negative activities to identify the mechanistic properties that cause these variants to exert dominant effects when heterozygous. We find that strong dominant negatives can poison signaling from mixed wild-type:mutant oligomers at two steps in the CARD11 signaling cycle, at the Opening Step and at the Cofactor Association Step. Our findings provide evidence that CARD11 oligomer subunits cooperate in at least two steps during antigen receptor signaling and reveal how different LOF mutations in the same oligomeric signaling hub may cause disease with different inheritance patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn R. Bedsaul
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Neha Shah
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Shelby M. Hutcherson
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Joel L. Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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7
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Hutcherson SM, Bedsaul JR, Pomerantz JL. Pathway-Specific Defects in T, B, and NK Cells and Age-Dependent Development of High IgE in Mice Heterozygous for a CADINS-Associated Dominant Negative CARD11 Allele. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:1150-1164. [PMID: 34341167 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CARD11 is a multidomain scaffold protein required for normal activation of NF-κB, JNK, and mTOR during Ag receptor signaling. Germline CARD11 mutations cause at least three types of primary immunodeficiency including CARD11 deficiency, B cell expansion with NF-κB and T cell anergy (BENTA), and CARD11-associated atopy with dominant interference of NF-κB signaling (CADINS). CADINS is uniquely caused by heterozygous loss-of-function CARD11 alleles that act as dominant negatives. CADINS patients present with frequent respiratory and skin infections, asthma, allergies, and atopic dermatitis. However, precisely how a heterozygous dominant negative CARD11 allele leads to the development of this CADINS-specific cluster of symptoms remains poorly understood. To address this, we generated mice expressing the CARD11 R30W allele originally identified in patients. We find that CARD11R30W/+ mice exhibit impaired signaling downstream of CARD11 that leads to defects in T, B, and NK cell function and immunodeficiency. CARD11R30W/+ mice develop elevated serum IgE levels with 50% penetrance that becomes more pronounced with age, but do not develop spontaneous atopic dermatitis. CARD11R30W/+ mice display reduced regulatory T cell numbers, but not the Th2 expansion observed in other mice with diminished CARD11 activity. Interestingly, the presence of mixed CARD11 oligomers in CARD11R30W/+ mice causes more severe signaling defects in T cells than in B cells, and specifically impacts IFN-γ production by NK cells, but not NK cell cytotoxicity. Our findings help explain the high susceptibility of CADINS patients to infection and suggest that the development of high serum IgE is not sufficient to induce overt atopic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby M Hutcherson
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jacquelyn R Bedsaul
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Joel L Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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8
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Lu HY, Biggs CM, Blanchard-Rohner G, Fung SY, Sharma M, Turvey SE. Germline CBM-opathies: From immunodeficiency to atopy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 143:1661-1673. [PMID: 31060714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Caspase recruitment domain (CARD) protein-B cell CLL/lymphoma 10 (BCL10)-MALT1 paracaspase (MALT1) [CBM] complexes are critical signaling adaptors that facilitate immune and inflammatory responses downstream of both cell surface and intracellular receptors. Germline mutations that alter the function of members of this complex (termed CBM-opathies) cause a broad array of clinical phenotypes, ranging from profound combined immunodeficiency to B-cell lymphocytosis. With an increasing number of patients being described in recent years, the clinical spectrum of diseases associated with CBM-opathies is rapidly expanding and becoming unexpectedly heterogeneous. Here we review major discoveries that have shaped our understanding of CBM complex biology, and we provide an overview of the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and treatment options for those carrying germline mutations affecting CARD9, CARD11, CARD14, BCL10, and MALT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Y Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Catherine M Biggs
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Geraldine Blanchard-Rohner
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shan-Yu Fung
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mehul Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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9
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Shields AM, Bauman BM, Hargreaves CE, Pollard AJ, Snow AL, Patel SY. A Novel, Heterozygous Three Base-Pair Deletion in CARD11 Results in B Cell Expansion with NF-κB and T Cell Anergy Disease. J Clin Immunol 2020; 40:406-411. [PMID: 31897776 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-019-00729-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Germline gain-of-function mutations in CARD11 lead to the primary immunodeficiency, B cell expansion with NF-κB, and T cell anergy (BENTA). Herein, we report the case of a girl, presenting at 2 years of age with lymphocytosis and splenomegaly in whom a novel, in-frame, three base pair deletion in CARD11 was identified resulting in the deletion of a single lysine residue (K215del) from the coiled-coil domain. In vitro functional assays demonstrated that this variant leads to a subtle increase in baseline NF-κB signaling and impaired proliferative responses following T cell receptor and mitogenic stimulation. Previously reported immunological defects associated with BENTA appear mild in our patient who is now 6 years of age; a B cell lymphocytosis and susceptibility to upper respiratory tract infections persist; however, she has broad, sustained responses to protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines and displays normal proliferative responses to ex vivo T cell stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian M Shields
- Clinical Immunology Service, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Bradly M Bauman
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chantal E Hargreaves
- Department of Clinical Immunology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew J Pollard
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew L Snow
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Smita Y Patel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
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10
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Human inborn errors of immunity to herpes viruses. Curr Opin Immunol 2020; 62:106-122. [PMID: 32014647 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Infections with any of the nine human herpes viruses (HHV) can be asymptomatic or life-threatening. The study of patients with severe diseases caused by HHVs, in the absence of overt acquired immunodeficiency, has led to the discovery or diagnosis of various inborn errors of immunity. The related inborn errors of adaptive immunity disrupt α/β T-cell rather than B-cell immunity. Affected patients typically develop HHV infections in the context of other infectious diseases. However, this is not always the case, as illustrated by inborn errors of SAP-dependent T-cell immunity to EBV-infected B cells. The related inborn errors of innate immunity disrupt leukocytes other than T and B cells, non-hematopoietic cells, or both. Patients typically develop only a single type of infection due to HHV, although, again, this is not always the case, as illustrated by inborn errors of TLR3 immunity resulting in HSV1 encephalitis in some patients and influenza pneumonitis in others. Most severe HHV infections in otherwise healthy patients remains unexplained. The forward human genetic dissection of isolated and syndromic HHV-driven illnesses will establish the molecular and cellular basis of protective immunity to HHVs, paving the way for novel diagnosis and management strategies.
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11
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Wang Z, Hutcherson SM, Yang C, Jattani RP, Tritapoe JM, Yang YK, Pomerantz JL. Coordinated regulation of scaffold opening and enzymatic activity during CARD11 signaling. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:14648-14660. [PMID: 31391255 PMCID: PMC6779434 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of key signaling pathways downstream of antigen receptor engagement is critically required for normal lymphocyte activation during the adaptive immune response. CARD11 is a multidomain signaling scaffold protein required for antigen receptor signaling to NF-κB, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and mTOR. Germline mutations in the CARD11 gene result in at least four types of primary immunodeficiency, and somatic CARD11 gain-of-function mutations drive constitutive NF-κB activity in diffuse large B cell lymphoma and other lymphoid cancers. In response to antigen receptor triggering, CARD11 transitions from a closed, inactive state to an open, active scaffold that recruits multiple signaling partners into a complex to relay downstream signaling. However, how this signal-induced CARD11 conversion occurs remains poorly understood. Here we investigate the role of Inducible Element 1 (IE1), a short regulatory element in the CARD11 Inhibitory Domain, in the CARD11 signaling cycle. We find that IE1 controls the signal-dependent Opening Step that makes CARD11 accessible to the binding of cofactors, including Bcl10, MALT1, and the HOIP catalytic subunit of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. Surprisingly, we find that IE1 is also required at an independent step for the maximal activation of HOIP and MALT1 enzymatic activity after cofactor recruitment to CARD11. This role of IE1 reveals that there is an Enzymatic Activation Step in the CARD11 signaling cycle that is distinct from the Cofactor Association Step. Our results indicate that CARD11 has evolved to actively coordinate scaffold opening and the induction of enzymatic activity among recruited cofactors during antigen receptor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoquan Wang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Shelby M Hutcherson
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Rakhi P Jattani
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Julia M Tritapoe
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Yong-Kang Yang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Joel L Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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12
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Dorjbal B, Stinson JR, Ma CA, Weinreich MA, Miraghazadeh B, Hartberger JM, Frey-Jakobs S, Weidinger S, Moebus L, Franke A, Schäffer AA, Bulashevska A, Fuchs S, Ehl S, Limaye S, Arkwright PD, Briggs TA, Langley C, Bethune C, Whyte AF, Alachkar H, Nejentsev S, DiMaggio T, Nelson CG, Stone KD, Nason M, Brittain EH, Oler AJ, Veltri DP, Leahy TR, Conlon N, Poli MC, Borzutzky A, Cohen JI, Davis J, Lambert MP, Romberg N, Sullivan KE, Paris K, Freeman AF, Lucas L, Chandrakasan S, Savic S, Hambleton S, Patel SY, Jordan MB, Theos A, Lebensburger J, Atkinson TP, Torgerson TR, Chinn IK, Milner JD, Grimbacher B, Cook MC, Snow AL. Hypomorphic caspase activation and recruitment domain 11 (CARD11) mutations associated with diverse immunologic phenotypes with or without atopic disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 143:1482-1495. [PMID: 30170123 PMCID: PMC6395549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caspase activation and recruitment domain 11 (CARD11) encodes a scaffold protein in lymphocytes that links antigen receptor engagement with downstream signaling to nuclear factor κB, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1. Germline CARD11 mutations cause several distinct primary immune disorders in human subjects, including severe combined immune deficiency (biallelic null mutations), B-cell expansion with nuclear factor κB and T-cell anergy (heterozygous, gain-of-function mutations), and severe atopic disease (loss-of-function, heterozygous, dominant interfering mutations), which has focused attention on CARD11 mutations discovered by using whole-exome sequencing. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the molecular actions of an extended allelic series of CARD11 and to characterize the expanding range of clinical phenotypes associated with heterozygous CARD11 loss-of-function alleles. METHODS Cell transfections and primary T-cell assays were used to evaluate signaling and function of CARD11 variants. RESULTS Here we report on an expanded cohort of patients harboring novel heterozygous CARD11 mutations that extend beyond atopy to include other immunologic phenotypes not previously associated with CARD11 mutations. In addition to (and sometimes excluding) severe atopy, heterozygous missense and indel mutations in CARD11 presented with immunologic phenotypes similar to those observed in signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 loss of function, dedicator of cytokinesis 8 deficiency, common variable immunodeficiency, neutropenia, and immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked-like syndrome. Pathogenic variants exhibited dominant negative activity and were largely confined to the CARD or coiled-coil domains of the CARD11 protein. CONCLUSION These results illuminate a broader phenotypic spectrum associated with CARD11 mutations in human subjects and underscore the need for functional studies to demonstrate that rare gene variants encountered in expected and unexpected phenotypes must nonetheless be validated for pathogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batsukh Dorjbal
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md
| | - Jeffrey R Stinson
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md
| | - Chi A Ma
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Michael A Weinreich
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Bahar Miraghazadeh
- Department of Immunology, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia; Centre for Personalised Immunology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Julia M Hartberger
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Frey-Jakobs
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lena Moebus
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alejandro A Schäffer
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Md
| | - Alla Bulashevska
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Fuchs
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Ehl
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Peter D Arkwright
- Paediatric Allergy and Immunology & the Manchester Center for Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Tracy A Briggs
- Paediatric Allergy and Immunology & the Manchester Center for Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Langley
- Paediatric Allergy and Immunology & the Manchester Center for Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Bethune
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew F Whyte
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Hana Alachkar
- Immunology, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sergey Nejentsev
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas DiMaggio
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Celeste G Nelson
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Kelly D Stone
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Martha Nason
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Erica H Brittain
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Andrew J Oler
- Bioinformatics and Computational Sciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Daniel P Veltri
- Bioinformatics and Computational Sciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - T Ronan Leahy
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and ID, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niall Conlon
- Department of Immunology, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria C Poli
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, and the Section of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex
| | - Arturo Borzutzky
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jeffrey I Cohen
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Joie Davis
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Michele P Lambert
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Neil Romberg
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Kenneth Paris
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital, New Orleans, La
| | - Alexandra F Freeman
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Laura Lucas
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Shanmuganathan Chandrakasan
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Sinisa Savic
- Leeds Institute for Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Hambleton
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Smita Y Patel
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael B Jordan
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Amy Theos
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala
| | - Jeffrey Lebensburger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala
| | - T Prescott Atkinson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala
| | - Troy R Torgerson
- University of Washington School of Medicine and Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Wash
| | - Ivan K Chinn
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, and the Section of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Bodo Grimbacher
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthew C Cook
- Department of Immunology, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia; Centre for Personalised Immunology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Andrew L Snow
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md.
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13
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Desjardins M, Arjunaraja S, Stinson JR, Dorjbal B, Sundaresan J, Niemela J, Raffeld M, Matthews HF, Wang A, Angelus P, Su HC, Mazer BD, Snow AL. A Unique Heterozygous CARD11 Mutation Combines Pathogenic Features of Both Gain- and Loss-of-Function Patients in a Four-Generation Family. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2944. [PMID: 30619304 PMCID: PMC6299974 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CARD11 is a lymphocyte-specific scaffold molecule required for proper activation of B- and T-cells in response to antigen. Germline gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the CARD11 gene cause a unique B cell lymphoproliferative disorder known as B cell Expansion with NF-κB and T cell Anergy (BENTA). In contrast, patients carrying loss-of-function (LOF), dominant negative (DN) CARD11 mutations present with severe atopic disease. Interestingly, both GOF and DN CARD11 variants cause primary immunodeficiency, with recurrent bacterial and viral infections, likely resulting from impaired adaptive immune responses. This report describes a unique four-generation family harboring a novel heterozygous germline indel mutation in CARD11 (c.701-713delinsT), leading to one altered amino acid and a deletion of 4 others (p.His234_Lys238delinsLeu). Strikingly, affected members exhibit both moderate B cell lymphocytosis and atopic dermatitis/allergies. Ectopic expression of this CARD11 variant stimulated constitutive NF-κB activity in T cell lines, similar to other BENTA patient mutations. However, unlike other GOF mutants, this variant significantly impeded the ability of wild-type CARD11 to induce NF-κB activation following antigen receptor ligation. Patient lymphocytes display marked intrinsic defects in B cell differentiation and reduced T cell responsiveness in vitro. Collectively, these data imply that a single heterozygous CARD11 mutation can convey both GOF and DN signaling effects, manifesting in a blended BENTA phenotype with atopic features. Our findings further emphasize the importance of balanced CARD11 signaling for normal immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marylin Desjardins
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Paediatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories of the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Swadhinya Arjunaraja
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Stinson
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Batsukh Dorjbal
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Janani Sundaresan
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Julie Niemela
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Mark Raffeld
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Helen F. Matthews
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Angela Wang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Pamela Angelus
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Helen C. Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bruce D. Mazer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Paediatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories of the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrew L. Snow
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
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14
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Hoshino A, Tanita K, Kanda K, Imadome KI, Shikama Y, Yasumi T, Imai K, Takagi M, Morio T, Kanegane H. High frequencies of asymptomatic Epstein-Barr virus viremia in affected and unaffected individuals with CTLA4 mutations. Clin Immunol 2018; 195:45-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Bedsaul JR, Carter NM, Deibel KE, Hutcherson SM, Jones TA, Wang Z, Yang C, Yang YK, Pomerantz JL. Mechanisms of Regulated and Dysregulated CARD11 Signaling in Adaptive Immunity and Disease. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2105. [PMID: 30283447 PMCID: PMC6156143 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
CARD11 functions as a key signaling scaffold that controls antigen-induced lymphocyte activation during the adaptive immune response. Somatic mutations in CARD11 are frequently found in Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and at least three classes of germline CARD11 mutations have been described as the basis for primary immunodeficiency. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of how CARD11 signals, how its activity is regulated, and how mutations bypass normal regulation to cause disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn R Bedsaul
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nicole M Carter
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Katelynn E Deibel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Shelby M Hutcherson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tyler A Jones
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zhaoquan Wang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yong-Kang Yang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Joel L Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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16
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Lu HY, Bauman BM, Arjunaraja S, Dorjbal B, Milner JD, Snow AL, Turvey SE. The CBM-opathies-A Rapidly Expanding Spectrum of Human Inborn Errors of Immunity Caused by Mutations in the CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 Complex. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2078. [PMID: 30283440 PMCID: PMC6156466 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The caspase recruitment domain family member 11 (CARD11 or CARMA1)-B cell CLL/lymphoma 10 (BCL10)-MALT1 paracaspase (MALT1) [CBM] signalosome complex serves as a molecular bridge between cell surface antigen receptor signaling and the activation of the NF-κB, JNK, and mTORC1 signaling axes. This positions the CBM complex as a critical regulator of lymphocyte activation, proliferation, survival, and metabolism. Inborn errors in each of the CBM components have now been linked to a diverse group of human primary immunodeficiency diseases termed "CBM-opathies." Clinical manifestations range from severe combined immunodeficiency to selective B cell lymphocytosis, atopic disease, and specific humoral defects. This surprisingly broad spectrum of phenotypes underscores the importance of "tuning" CBM signaling to preserve immune homeostasis. Here, we review the distinct clinical and immunological phenotypes associated with human CBM complex mutations and introduce new avenues for targeted therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Y Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Bradly M Bauman
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Swadhinya Arjunaraja
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Batsukh Dorjbal
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Andrew L Snow
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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17
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Gupta M, Aluri J, Desai M, Lokeshwar M, Taur P, Lenardo M, Bergerson J, Dalvi A, Mhatre S, Kulkarni M, Kambli P, Madkaikar M. Clinical, Immunological, and Molecular Findings in Four Cases of B Cell Expansion With NF-κB and T Cell Anergy Disease for the First Time From India. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1049. [PMID: 29963038 PMCID: PMC6010569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
B cell expansion with NF-κB and T cell anergy (BENTA) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder caused by mutations in the CARD11 gene and results in constitutive NF-κB activation in B and T cells. Affected patients present with polyclonal expansion of B cells at an early age with splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and mild autoimmunity. Here, we discuss four BENTA cases with unusual clinical manifestations not previously reported. All patients showed previously reported gain-of-function mutations (G123S, G123D, and C49Y) in the CARD11 gene. Severe autoimmune manifestations were noted for the first time in all our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Gupta
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Jahnavi Aluri
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Mukesh Desai
- Division of Immunology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Prasad Taur
- Division of Immunology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Michael Lenardo
- Clinical Genomics Program, Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jenna Bergerson
- Clinical Genomics Program, Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Aparna Dalvi
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Snehal Mhatre
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Manasi Kulkarni
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Priyanka Kambli
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Manisha Madkaikar
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Mumbai, India
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