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Bastian D, Sui X, Choi HJ, Wu Y, Tian L, Yang K, Liu C, Liu Y, Yu XZ. The Absence of IL-12Rβ2 Expression on Recipient Nonhematopoietic Cells Diminishes Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease in the Gastrointestinal Tract. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:486-495. [PMID: 36548465 PMCID: PMC9938950 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a frequent target organ in acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), which can determine the morbidity and nonrelapse mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Donor T cells recognize allogeneic Ags presented by host APCs, proliferate, and differentiate into Th1 and Th17 cells that drive GVHD pathogenesis. IL-12 has been shown to play an important role in amplifying the allogeneic response in preclinical and clinical studies. This study demonstrates that IL-12Rβ2 expression on recipient nonhematopoietic cells is required for optimal development of aGVHD in murine models of allo-HCT. aGVHD attenuation by genetic depletion of IL-12R signaling is associated with reduced MHC class II expression by intestinal epithelial cells and maintenance of intestinal integrity. We verified IL-12Rβ2 expression on activated T cells and in the GI tract. This study, to our knowledge, reveals a novel function of IL-12Rβ2 in GVHD pathogenesis and suggests that selectively targeting IL-12Rβ2 on host nonhematopoietic cells may preserve the GI tract after allo-HCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bastian
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Xiaohui Sui
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Hee-Jin Choi
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Yongxia Wu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Linlu Tian
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kaipo Yang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yuejun Liu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Xue-Zhong Yu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- The Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Ali A, Tan H, Kaiko GE. Role of the Intestinal Epithelium and Its Interaction With the Microbiota in Food Allergy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:604054. [PMID: 33365031 PMCID: PMC7750388 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.604054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelial tract forms a dynamic lining of the digestive system consisting of a range of epithelial cell sub-types with diverse functions fulfilling specific niches. The intestinal epithelium is more than just a physical barrier regulating nutrient uptake, rather it plays a critical role in homeostasis through its intrinsic innate immune function, pivotal regulation of antigen sensitization, and a bi-directional interplay with the microbiota that evolves with age. In this review we will discuss these functions of the epithelium in the context of food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Ali
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - HuiYing Tan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Gerard E Kaiko
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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Li N, Gao S, Tong J, Yu Y, Zhang Q, Xu C. Probiotics as a functional food ingredient in allergic diseases: regulation of CD4+ T helper cell differentiation. Crit Rev Microbiol 2020; 46:463-474. [PMID: 32720543 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2020.1796578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Allergic diseases are increasing worldwide, associating with increased health costs and decreased quality of life. Allergy is immune-related diseases caused by an allergic immune response to innocuous substance in the environment. At present, research has focussed on the study of the relevance to the microbiome and the phenotypes of allergy, including the relationships among the gastrointestinal microbiome, immune function, and allergic sensitisation. Probiotics as functional food ingredient are thought to secrete functional metabolites that have antibacterial effects on ameliorating intestinal health and CD4+ T helper cells-mediated immunity. This review will summarise the role of probiotics in the immune regulation and flora balance, highlighting recent advances in our understanding of the imbalance of Th subsets and cytokine leading to the immunopathology of allergic reactions. Finally, we discussed the unresolved problems and future research directions in order to promote the clinical application of probiotics immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Pediatric Department, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, HaiKou, China
| | - Shenshen Gao
- Pediatric Department, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Tong
- College of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Pediatric Department, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Pediatric Department, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chundi Xu
- Pediatric Department, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Soderholm AT, Pedicord VA. Intestinal epithelial cells: at the interface of the microbiota and mucosal immunity. Immunology 2019; 158:267-280. [PMID: 31509239 PMCID: PMC6856932 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium forms a barrier between the microbiota and the rest of the body. In addition, beyond acting as a physical barrier, the function of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) in sensing and responding to microbial signals is increasingly appreciated and likely has numerous implications for the vast network of immune cells within and below the intestinal epithelium. IECs also respond to factors produced by immune cells, and these can regulate IEC barrier function, proliferation and differentiation, as well as influence the composition of the microbiota. The mechanisms involved in IEC-microbe-immune interactions, however, are not fully characterized. In this review, we explore the ability of IECs to direct intestinal homeostasis by orchestrating communication between intestinal microbes and mucosal innate and adaptive immune cells during physiological and inflammatory conditions. We focus primarily on the most recent findings and call attention to the numerous remaining unknowns regarding the complex crosstalk between IECs, the microbiota and intestinal immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia T. Soderholm
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious DiseaseUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Virginia A. Pedicord
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious DiseaseUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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Branca JJ, Gulisano M, Nicoletti C. Intestinal epithelial barrier functions in ageing. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 54:100938. [PMID: 31369869 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelial barrier protects the mucosa of the gastrointestinal (GI)-tract and plays a key role in maintaining the host homeostasis. It encompasses several elements that include the intestinal epithelium and biochemical and immunological products, such as the mucus layer, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and secretory immunologlobulin A (sIgA). These components are interlinked with the large microbial community inhabiting the gut to form a highly sophisticated biological system that plays an important role on many aspects of human health both locally and systemically. Like any other organ and tissue, the intestinal epithelial barrier is affected by the ageing process. New insights have surfaced showing that critical functions, including intestinal stem cell regeneration and regulation of the intestinal crypt homeostasis, barrier integrity, production of regulatory cytokines, and epithelial innate immunity to pathogenic antigens change across life. Here we review the age-associated changes of the various components of the intestinal epithelial barrier and we highlight the necessity to elucidate further the mechanisms underlying these changes. Expanding our knowledge in this area is a goal of high medical relevance and it will help to define intervention strategies to ameliorate the quality of life of the ever-expanding elderly population.
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Antonini M, Lo Conte M, Sorini C, Falcone M. How the Interplay Between the Commensal Microbiota, Gut Barrier Integrity, and Mucosal Immunity Regulates Brain Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1937. [PMID: 31475000 PMCID: PMC6706873 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal barrier provides the host with a strong defense line against the external environment playing also a pivotal role in the crosstalk between the gut microbiota and the immune system. Notably, increasing lines of evidence concerning autoimmune disorders such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS) report an imbalance in both intestinal microbiota composition and mucosal immunity activation, along with an alteration of gut barrier permeability, suggesting this complex network plays a crucial role in modulating the course of autoimmune responses occurring in tissues outside the gut such as the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we review current knowledge on how gut inflammation and breakage of gut barrier integrity modulates the interplay between the commensal gut microbiota and the immune system and its role in shaping brain immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Antonini
- Experimental Diabetes Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Lo Conte
- Experimental Diabetes Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Sorini
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marika Falcone
- Experimental Diabetes Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Qin L, Qiu KZ, Hu CP, Wu GJ, Wang LL, Tan YR. Bronchial Epithelial Cells Promote the Differentiation of Th2 Lymphocytes in Airway Microenvironment through Jagged/Notch-1 Signaling after RSV Infection. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2019; 179:43-52. [PMID: 30943513 DOI: 10.1159/000495581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Notch-1 signaling through Notch-1 ligands on bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) in regulating the development of T helper 2 (Th2) lymphocytes after RSV infection. METHODS Firstly, we analyzed the expression of cytokines and Notch-1 ligands in BECs by using real-time PCR. Then, RSV-infected BECs were co-cultured with CD4+ T cells in a transwell chamber for 48 h, and differentiation of T cells in the lower chamber was determined using flow cytometry and real-time PCR. JAG1 siRNA was then used to determine the effects of Jagged/Notch-1 signaling on the differentiation of Th2. An RSV-infected mouse model was also used to analyze the secretion of Th differentiation-associated cytokines in serum and lung tissues using ELISA, the histopathological changes using HE staining, and the expression of JAG1 and JAG2 in BECs. RESULTS The results showed that RSV promoted the expression of Th2-type cytokines and Jagged-1 and inhibited the expression of Jagged-2 in normal BECs. RSV-infected BECs induced Th2 differentiation. In addition, JAG1 downregulation inhibited the differentiation of Th2 and promoted differentiation of Th1. In the RSV-infected mouse model, the RSV titer, inflammation decreased with time. IL-4 and IL-17 increased on day 28 and 60, while IFNγ increased on day 7 and 28. Moreover, the expression of Jagged-1 increased and that of Jagged-2 decreased in BECs, which was consistent with IL-4 production in lung tissues. CONCLUSION Our data showed that BECs had the potential to promote the differentiation of Th2 lymphocytes through Jagged-1/Notch-1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qin
- Respiratory Department, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke-Zi Qiu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng-Ping Hu
- Respiratory Department, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guo-Jun Wu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Li Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-Rong Tan
- Respiratory Department, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, .,Department of Basic Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China,
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Kim E, Lembert M, Fallata GM, Rowe JC, Martin TL, Satoskar AR, Reo NV, Paliy O, Cormet-Boyaka E, Boyaka PN. Intestinal Epithelial Cells Regulate Gut Eotaxin Responses and Severity of Allergy. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1692. [PMID: 30123215 PMCID: PMC6085436 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are known to regulate allergic sensitization. We addressed the role of the intrinsic IKKβ signaling in IECs in the effector phase of allergy following oral allergen challenge and its impact on the severity of responses is poorly. Upon orally sensitization by co-administration of ovalbumin with cholera toxin as adjuvant, wild-type and mice lacking IKKβ in IECs (IKKβΔIEC mice) developed similar levels of serum IgE and allergen-specific secretory IgA in the gut. However, subsequent allergen challenges in the gut promoted allergic lower responses in KKβΔIEC mice. Analysis of cytokines and chemokines in serum and gut tissues after oral allergen challenge revealed impaired eotaxin responses in IKKβΔIEC mice, which correlated with lower frequencies of eosinophils in the gut lamina propria. We also determined that IECs were a major source of eotaxin and that impaired eotaxin production was due to the lack of IKKβ signaling in IECs. Oral administration of CCL11 to IKKβΔIEC mice during oral allergen challenge enhanced allergic responses to levels in wild-type mice, confirming the role of IEC-derived eotaxin as regulator of the effector phase of allergy following allergen challenge. Our results identified targeting IEC-derived eotaxin as potential strategy to limit the severity of allergic responses to food antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsoo Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Melanie Lembert
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ghaith M Fallata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - John C Rowe
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Tara L Martin
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Abhay R Satoskar
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Nicholas V Reo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Oleg Paliy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Estelle Cormet-Boyaka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Prosper N Boyaka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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