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Tian G, Yin H, Zheng J, Yu R, Ding Z, Yan Z, Tang Y, Wu J, Ning C, Yuan X, Liao C, Sui X, Zhao Z, Liu S, Guo W, Guo Q. Promotion of osteochondral repair through immune microenvironment regulation and activation of endogenous chondrogenesis via the release of apoptotic vesicles from donor MSCs. Bioact Mater 2024; 41:455-470. [PMID: 39188379 PMCID: PMC11347043 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Utilizing transplanted human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) for cartilage defects yielded advanced tissue regeneration, but the underlying mechanism remain elucidated. Early after HUMSCs delivery to the defects, we observed substantial apoptosis. The released apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) of HUMSCs promoted cartilage regeneration by alleviating the chondro-immune microenvironment. ApoVs triggered M2 polarization in macrophages while simultaneously facilitating the chondrogenic differentiation of endogenous MSCs. Mechanistically, in macrophages, miR-100-5p delivered by apoVs activated the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway to promote M2 polarization. In MSCs, let-7i-5p delivered by apoVs promoted chondrogenic differentiation by targeting the eEF2K/p38 MAPK axis. Consequently, a cell-free cartilage regeneration strategy using apoVs combined with a decellularized cartilage extracellular matrix (DCM) scaffold effectively promoted the regeneration of osteochondral defects. Overall, new mechanisms of cartilage regeneration by transplanted MSCs were unconcealed in this study. Moreover, we provided a novel experimental basis for cell-free tissue engineering-based cartilage regeneration utilizing apoVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhao Tian
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Institute of Orthopedies, Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Han Yin
- Institute of Orthopedies, Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jinxuan Zheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Rongcheng Yu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Zhengang Ding
- Institute of Orthopedies, Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Zineng Yan
- Institute of Orthopedies, Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Yiqi Tang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Institute of Orthopedies, Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Chao Ning
- Institute of Orthopedies, Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Xun Yuan
- Institute of Orthopedies, Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Chenxi Liao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Institute of Orthopedies, Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Institute of Orthopedies, Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Institute of Orthopedies, Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Weimin Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Institute of Orthopedies, Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
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Wang X, He B. Insight into endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular disease: Molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. Pharmacol Res 2024; 207:107309. [PMID: 39009292 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The endothelium is crucial in regulating vascular function. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as membranous structures released by cells to facilitate intercellular communication through the delivery of nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins to recipient cells in an paracrine or endocrine manner. Endothelial cell-derived EVs (EndoEVs) have been identified as both biomarkers and significant contributors to the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The impact of EndoEVs on CVD is complex and contingent upon the condition of donor cells, the molecular cargo within EVs, and the characteristics of recipient cells. Consequently, elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms of EndoEVs is crucial for comprehending their contributions to CVD. Moreover, a thorough understanding of the composition and function of EndoEVs is imperative for their potential clinical utility. This review aims provide an up-to-date overview of EndoEVs in the context of physiology and pathophysiology, as well as to discuss their prospective clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, China
| | - Ben He
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, China.
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Miao X, Wu X, You W, He K, Chen C, Pathak JL, Zhang Q. Tailoring of apoptotic bodies for diagnostic and therapeutic applications:advances, challenges, and prospects. J Transl Med 2024; 22:810. [PMID: 39218900 PMCID: PMC11367938 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05451-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Apoptotic bodies (ABs) are extracellular vesicles released during apoptosis and possess diverse biological activities. Initially, ABs were regarded as garbage bags with the main function of apoptotic cell clearance. Recent research has found that ABs carry and deliver various biological agents and are taken by surrounding and distant cells, affecting cell functions and behavior. ABs-mediated intercellular communications are involved in various physiological processes including anti-inflammation and tissue regeneration as well as the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, and inflammatory diseases. ABs in biological fluids can be used as a window of altered cellular and tissue states which can be applied in the diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases. The structural and constituent versatility of ABs provides flexibility for tailoring ABs according to disease diagnostic and therapeutic needs. An in-depth understanding of ABs' constituents and biological functions is mandatory for the effective tailoring of ABs including modification of bio membrane and cargo constituents. ABs' tailoring approaches including physical, chemical, biological, and genetic have been proposed for bench-to-bed translation in disease diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. This review summarizes the updates on ABs tailoring approaches, discusses the existing challenges, and speculates the prospects for effective diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Miao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Xiaojin Wu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Wenran You
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Kaini He
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Changzhong Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Janak Lal Pathak
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, China.
| | - Qing Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, China.
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Myhrer DMM, Frøystad M, Paasche Roland MC, Ueland T, Lekva T. The long non-coding RPPH1 is decreased in leukocytes and increased in plasma from women developing pre-eclampsia†. Biol Reprod 2024; 111:427-435. [PMID: 38685609 PMCID: PMC11327315 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies show differentially expressed long non-coding RNA present in the placenta from women with pre-eclampsia, potentially playing a vital role in the pathogenesis of the complication. In a published microarray study, Ribonuclease P RNA component H1 was decreased in leukocytes from women that later developed pre-eclampsia. We hypothesized that Ribonuclease P RNA component H1 decreased during pregnancy in women developing pre-eclampsia and important for the development of the complication. We isolated RNA from extracellular vesicles, leukocytes and plasma using blood samples taken at weeks 22-24 and 36-38 in women who subsequently developed pre-eclampsia and from healthy pregnancy. The expression of Ribonuclease P RNA component H1 was quantified using qPCR. Expression of Ribonuclease P RNA component H1 at 22-24 weeks was further examined to investigate its discriminatory potential of subsequent pre-eclampsia and association with clinical markers. We found lower expression of Ribonuclease P RNA component H1 in leukocytes at 22-24 and 36-38 weeks amongst women who subsequent developed pre-eclampsia compared with those who did not, while increased Ribonuclease P RNA component H1 expression was found in plasma at 36-38 weeks. Pre-eclampsia risk factors could not account for this difference in the Ribonuclease P RNA component H1 expression. Prediction of pre-eclampsia at 22-24 weeks using Ribonuclease P RNA component H1 expression in leukocytes in addition to the screening algorithm used today had a significantly better performance. In conclusion, Ribonuclease P RNA component H1 expression in leukocytes was significantly decreased in women with pre-eclampsia, and the expression at 22-24 weeks associated with the subsequent development of pre-eclampsia. Ribonuclease P RNA component H1 in leukocytes may be a useful biomarker for prediction and/or early detection of pre-eclampsia and an unknown regulator of the signaling affecting immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monica Frøystad
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marie Cecilie Paasche Roland
- Department of Obstetrics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Thrombosis Research Center (TREC), Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tove Lekva
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Owens CD, Pinto CB, Mukli P, Gulej R, Velez FS, Detwiler S, Olay L, Hoffmeister JR, Szarvas Z, Muranyi M, Peterfi A, Pinaffi‐Langley ACDC, Adams C, Sharps J, Kaposzta Z, Prodan CI, Kirkpatrick AC, Tarantini S, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z, Olson AL, Li G, Balasubramanian P, Galvan V, Bauer A, Smith ZA, Dasari TW, Whitehead S, Medapti MR, Elahi FM, Thanou A, Yabluchanskiy A. Neurovascular coupling, functional connectivity, and cerebrovascular endothelial extracellular vesicles as biomarkers of mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:5590-5606. [PMID: 38958537 PMCID: PMC11350141 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a prodromal stage of dementia. Understanding the mechanistic changes from healthy aging to MCI is critical for comprehending disease progression and enabling preventative intervention. METHODS Patients with MCI and age-matched controls (CN) were administered cognitive tasks during functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) recording, and changes in plasma levels of extracellular vesicles (EVs) were assessed using small-particle flow cytometry. RESULTS Neurovascular coupling (NVC) and functional connectivity (FC) were decreased in MCI compared to CN, prominently in the left-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (LDLPFC). We observed an increased ratio of cerebrovascular endothelial EVs (CEEVs) to total endothelial EVs in patients with MCI compared to CN, correlating with structural MRI small vessel ischemic damage in MCI. LDLPFC NVC, CEEV ratio, and LDLPFC FC had the highest feature importance in the random Forest group classification. DISCUSSION NVC, CEEVs, and FC predict MCI diagnosis, indicating their potential as markers for MCI cerebrovascular pathology. HIGHLIGHTS Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is impaired in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Functional connectivity (FC) compensation mechanism is lost in MCI. Cerebrovascular endothelial extracellular vesicles (CEEVs) are increased in MCI. CEEV load strongly associates with cerebral small vessel ischemic lesions in MCI. NVC, CEEVs, and FC predict MCI diagnosis over demographic and comorbidity factors.
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Zhou Y, Bao L, Gong S, Dou G, Li Z, Wang Z, Yu L, Ding F, Liu H, Li X, Liu S, Yang X, Liu S. T Cell-Derived Apoptotic Extracellular Vesicles Hydrolyze cGAMP to Alleviate Radiation Enteritis via Surface Enzyme ENPP1. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401634. [PMID: 38888507 PMCID: PMC11336903 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Radiation enteritis is the most common complication of pelvic radiotherapy, but there is no effective prevention or treatment drug. Apoptotic T cells and their products play an important role in regulating inflammation and maintaining physiological immune homeostasis. Here it is shown that systemically infused T cell-derived apoptotic extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs) can target mice irradiated intestines and alleviate radiation enteritis. Mechanistically, radiation elevates the synthesis of intestinal 2'3' cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) and activates cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) proinflammatory pathway. After systemic infusion of ApoEVs, the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) enriches on the surface of ApoEVs hydrolyze extracellular cGAMP, resulting in inhibition of the cGAS-STING pathway activated by irradiation. Furthermore, after ApoEVs are phagocytosed by phagocytes, ENPP1 on ApoEVs hydrolyzed intracellular cGAMP, which serves as an intracellular cGAMP hydrolyzation mode, thereby alleviating radiation enteritis. The findings shed light on the intracellular and extracellular hydrolysis capacity of ApoEVs and their role in inflammation regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi'anShaanxi710069China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Lili Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Shengkai Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Geng Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Zihan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Zhengyan Wang
- Department of OrthodonticsSchool and Hospital of StomatologyCheeloo College of MedicineShandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesJinanShandong250012China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of PeriodontologySchool and Hospital of StomatologyCheeloo College of MedicineShandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesJinanShandong250012China
| | - Feng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesDepartment of RadiologySchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100871China
| | - Xiayun Li
- College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi'anShaanxi710069China
| | - Siying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesDepartment of OrthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Xiaoshan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
- Stomatology HospitalSchool of StomatologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510280China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
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Schioppa T, Gaudenzi C, Zucchi G, Piserà A, Vahidi Y, Tiberio L, Sozzani S, Del Prete A, Bosisio D, Salvi V. Extracellular vesicles at the crossroad between cancer progression and immunotherapy: focus on dendritic cells. J Transl Med 2024; 22:691. [PMID: 39075551 PMCID: PMC11288070 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05457-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized heat-stable vesicles released by virtually all cells in the body, including tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (DCs). By carrying molecules from originating cells, EVs work as cell-to-cell communicators in both homeostasis and cancer but may also represent valuable therapeutic and diagnostic tools. This review focuses on the role of tumor-derived EVs (TEVs) in the modulation of DC functions and on the therapeutic potential of both tumor- and DC-derived EVs in the context of immunotherapy and DC-based vaccine design. TEVs were originally characterized for their capability to transfer tumor antigens to DCs but are currently regarded as mainly immunosuppressive because of the expression of DC-inhibiting molecules such as PD-L1, HLA-G, PGE2 and others. However, TEVs may still represent a privileged system to deliver antigenic material to DCs upon appropriate engineering to reduce their immunosuppressive cargo or increase immunogenicity. DC-derived EVs are more promising than tumor-derived EVs since they expose antigen-loaded MHC, costimulatory molecules and NK cell-activating ligands in the absence of an immunosuppressive cargo. Moreover, DC-derived EVs possess several advantages as compared to cell-based drugs such as a higher antigen/MHC concentration and ease of manipulation and a lower sensitivity to immunosuppressive microenvironments. Preclinical models showed that DC-derived EVs efficiently activate tumor-specific NK and T cell responses either directly or indirectly by transferring antigens to tumor-infiltrating DCs. By contrast, however, phase I and II trials showed a limited clinical efficacy of EV-based anticancer vaccines. We discuss that the future of EV-based therapy depends on our capability to overcome major challenges such as a still incomplete understanding of their biology and pharmacokinetic and the lack of standardized methods for high-throughput isolation and purification. Despite this, EVs remain in the limelight as candidates for cancer immunotherapy which may outmatch cell-based strategies in the fullness of their time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Schioppa
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina Gaudenzi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zucchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur- Italia, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Piserà
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur- Italia, Rome, Italy
| | - Yasmin Vahidi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - Laura Tiberio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur- Italia, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Del Prete
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Bosisio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy.
| | - Valentina Salvi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy
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Barathan M, Zulpa AK, Ng SL, Lokanathan Y, Ng MH, Law JX. Innovative Strategies to Combat 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in Colorectal Cancer: The Role of Phytochemicals and Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7470. [PMID: 39000577 PMCID: PMC11242358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant public health challenge, with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance being a major obstacle to effective treatment. Despite advancements, resistance to 5-FU remains formidable due to complex mechanisms such as alterations in drug transport, evasion of apoptosis, dysregulation of cell cycle dynamics, tumor microenvironment (TME) interactions, and extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated resistance pathways. Traditional chemotherapy often results in high toxicity, highlighting the need for alternative approaches with better efficacy and safety. Phytochemicals (PCs) and EVs offer promising CRC therapeutic strategies. PCs, derived from natural sources, often exhibit lower toxicity and can target multiple pathways involved in cancer progression and drug resistance. EVs can facilitate targeted drug delivery, modulate the immune response, and interact with the TME to sensitize cancer cells to treatment. However, the potential of PCs and engineered EVs in overcoming 5-FU resistance and reshaping the immunosuppressive TME in CRC remains underexplored. Addressing this gap is crucial for identifying innovative therapies with enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicities. This review explores the multifaceted mechanisms of 5-FU resistance in CRC and evaluates the synergistic effects of combining PCs with 5-FU to improve treatment efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. Additionally, it investigates engineered EVs in overcoming 5-FU resistance by serving as drug delivery vehicles and modulating the TME. By synthesizing the current knowledge and addressing research gaps, this review enhances the academic understanding of 5-FU resistance in CRC, highlighting the potential of interdisciplinary approaches involving PCs and EVs for revolutionizing CRC therapy. Further research and clinical validation are essential for translating these findings into improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muttiah Barathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Khusairy Zulpa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sook Luan Ng
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Yogeswaran Lokanathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Jia Xian Law
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Elnegris HM, Abdelrahman AA, El-Roghy ES. The potential therapeutic effects of exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on ileum injury of a rat sepsis model (histological and immunohistochemical study). Ultrastruct Pathol 2024; 48:274-296. [PMID: 38946300 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2024.2368011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis denotes a serious high mortality concern. The study was designed to evaluate the effect of mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (MSC-exosomes) on the evolution of the animal model of sepsis. In this study, 36 rats were distributed into three groups, (I) controls, (II) LPS-treated, and (III) LPS+MSC-EVs. Sepsis was simulated by administering E. coli-LPS to the laboratory animals. Group III was given MSC-exosomes four hours after the LPS injection. Forty-eight hours later rats were sacrificed. Ileum samples were excised, and processed for the histological assessment, immunohistochemical identification of CD44, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Ileum homogenate was used to estimate tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α) besides Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX 2). PCR was used for the detection of interleukin 1α (IL‑1α), and interleukin 17 (IL‑17). Statistical and morphometrical analysis was done. The LPS-treated group showed increased TNF-α, IL‑1α, IL‑17, and decreased COX 2. LPS administration led to cytoplasmic vacuolization of enterocytes, an increase in the vasculature, and cellular infiltrations invaded the lamina propria. There was a significant rise in goblet cells and the proportion of collagen fibers. Ultrastructurally, the enterocytes displayed nuclear irregularity, rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) dilatation, and increased mitochondria number. Sepsis induces a significant increase in iNOS and a decrease in CD44 immune expressions. LPS+MSC-EVs group restored normal ileum structure and revealed a significant elevation in CD44 and a reduction in iNOS immunoreactions. LPS-sepsis induced an obvious ileum inflammatory deterioration ameliorated by MSC-exosomes, mostly through their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Elnegris
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer A Abdelrahman
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Eman S El-Roghy
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin el Kom, Egypt
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Li H, Zhang J, Tan M, Yin Y, Song Y, Zhao Y, Yan L, Li N, Zhang X, Bai J, Jiang T, Li H. Exosomes based strategies for cardiovascular diseases: Opportunities and challenges. Biomaterials 2024; 308:122544. [PMID: 38579591 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, as nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs), are secreted by all types of cells to facilitate intercellular communication in living organisms. After being taken up by neighboring or distant cells, exosomes can alter the expression levels of target genes in recipient cells and thereby affect their pathophysiological outcomes depending on payloads encapsulated therein. The functions and mechanisms of exosomes in cardiovascular diseases have attracted much attention in recent years and are thought to have cardioprotective and regenerative potential. This review summarizes the biogenesis and molecular contents of exosomes and details the roles played by exosomes released from various cells in the progression and recovery of cardiovascular disease. The review also discusses the current status of traditional exosomes in cardiovascular tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, pointing out several limitations in their application. It emphasizes that some of the existing emerging industrial or bioengineering technologies are promising to compensate for these shortcomings, and the combined application of exosomes and biomaterials provides an opportunity for mutual enhancement of their performance. The integration of exosome-based cell-free diagnostic and therapeutic options will contribute to the further development of cardiovascular regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China
| | - Mingyue Tan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China; Department of Geriatrics, Cardiovascular Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Yunfei Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China
| | - Yiyi Song
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, PR China
| | - Yongjian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China
| | - Lin Yan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
| | - Xianzuo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China; National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
| | - Tingbo Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China.
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China.
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Jing Y, Zhao W, Zhou Z, Wang W, Niu Y, He X, Chang T, Guo C, Li B, Dou G. Apoptotic Vesicles Modulate Endothelial Metabolism and Ameliorate Ischemic Retinopathy via PD1/PDL1 Axis. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303527. [PMID: 38411334 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Pathological angiogenesis with subsequent disturbed microvascular remodeling is a major cause of irreversible blindness in a number of ischemic retinal diseases. The current anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy can effectively inhibit angiogenesis, but it also brings significant side effects. The emergence of stem cell derived extracellular vesicles provides a new underlining strategy for ischemic retinopathy. Apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) are extracted from stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). SHED-apoVs are delivered into the eyeballs of oxygen-induced retinopathy (a most common model of angiogenic retinal dieseases) mice through intravitreal injection. The retinal neovascularization and nonperfusion area, vascular structure, and density changes are observed during the neovascularization phase (P17) and vascular remodeling phase (P21), and visual function is measured. The expression of extracellular acidification rate and lactic acid testing are used to detect endothelial cells (ECs) glycolytic activity. Furthermore, lentivirus and neutralizing antibody are used to block PD1-PDL1 axis, investigating the effects of SHED-apoVs on glycolysis and angiogenic activities. This work shows that SHED-apoVs are taken up by ECs and modulate the ECs glycolysis, leading to the decrease of abnormal neovessels and vascular remodeling. Furthermore, it is found that, at the molecular level, apoVs-carried PD1 interacts with PDL1 on hypoxic ECs to regulate the angiogenic activation. SHED-apoVs inhibit pathological angiogenesis and promote vascular remodeling in ischemic retinopathy partially by modulating ECs glycolysis through PD1/PDL1 axis. This study provides a new potential strategy for the clinical treatment of pathological retinal neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Jing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Wanmin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Ziyi Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Wenzhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Yali Niu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Xiaoning He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Tianfang Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Changmei Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Guorui Dou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
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12
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Charoensedtasin K, Naksawat M, Norkaew C, Kheansaard W, Roytrakul S, Tanyong D. Menthol induces extracellular vesicle regulation of apoptosis via ATG3 and caspase-3 in acute leukemic cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33081. [PMID: 39021955 PMCID: PMC11252965 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is one of the most deadly cancers in Thailand. Natural compounds have been developed for cancer treatment. Menthol, a peppermint compound, has shown pharmacological properties such as anti-cancer activity. However, the mechanism of menthol inducing extracellular vesicles in leukemic cells is not yet understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of menthol on leukemic extracellular vesicles and their role in apoptosis. NB4 and Molt-4 leukemic cells were cultured with menthol in various concentrations and times. Bioinformatic analysis was used to investigate target proteins of extracellular vesicle and apoptosis, followed by mRNA and protein expression by RT‒PCR and western blotting, respectively. Our findings indicate that menthol inhibits leukemic cell proliferation and increases extracellular vesicles. Furthermore, menthol treated leukemic extracellular vesicles induce apoptosis and upregulate the expression of ATG3 and caspase-3 in both mRNA and protein levels. These results suggest that menthol has an antileukemic effect through ATG3 and caspase-3 in apoptosis of leukemic extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kantorn Charoensedtasin
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Mashima Naksawat
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Chosita Norkaew
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Wasinee Kheansaard
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Proteomics Technology Laboratory, Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology for Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand, 73170, Thailand
| | - Dalina Tanyong
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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13
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Chen DX, Lu CH, Na N, Yin RX, Huang F. Endothelial progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicles: the world of potential prospects for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:72. [PMID: 38840175 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01255-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have emerged as a predominant threat to human health, surpassing the incidence and mortality rates of neoplastic diseases. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as vital mediators in intercellular communication and material exchange. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), recognized as precursors of vascular endothelial cells (ECs), have garnered considerable attention in recent years due to the potential therapeutic value of their derived extracellular vesicles (EPC-EVs) in the context of CVDs. This comprehensive review systematically explores the origins, characteristics, and functions of EPCs, alongside the classification, properties, biogenesis, and extraction techniques of EVs, with particular emphasis on their protective roles in CVDs. Additionally, we delve into the essential bioactive components of EPC-EVs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and proteins, analyzing their beneficial effects in promoting angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities, anti-fibrosis, anti-apoptosis, and myocardial regeneration. Furthermore, this review comprehensively investigates the therapeutic potential of EPC-EVs across various CVDs, encompassing acute myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis, non-ischemic cardiomyopathies, and diabetic cardiovascular disease. Lastly, we summarize the potential challenges associated with the clinical application of EPC-EVs and outline future directions, aiming to offer a valuable resource for both theoretical insights and practical applications of EPC-EVs in managing CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Xin Chen
- Department of Cardiology & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention & Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Chuang-Hong Lu
- Department of Cardiology & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention & Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Na Na
- Department of Neuroscience, Scripps Research Institute, No.10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Rui-Xing Yin
- Department of Cardiology & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention & Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Feng Huang
- Department of Cardiology & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention & Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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14
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Zhang R, Mu X, Liu D, Chen C, Meng B, Qu Y, Liu J, Wang R, Li C, Mao X, Wang Q, Zhang Q. Apoptotic vesicles rescue impaired mesenchymal stem cells and their therapeutic capacity for osteoporosis by restoring miR-145a-5p deficiency. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4416138. [PMID: 38883762 PMCID: PMC11177995 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4416138/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) play a vital role in various pathological conditions; however, we have yet to fully understand their precise biological effects in rescuing impaired mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and regulating tissue homeostasis. Here, we proved that systemic infusion of bone marrow MSCs derived from wild-type (WT) mice effectively improved the osteopenia phenotype and hyperimmune state in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Importantly, the WT MSCs rescued the impairment of OVX MSCs both in vivo and in vitro, whereas OVX MSCs did not show the same efficacy. Interestingly, treatment with apoVs derived from WT MSCs (WT apoVs) restored the impaired biological function of OVX MSCs and their ability to improve osteoporosis. This effect was not observed with OVX MSCs-derived apoVs (OVX apoVs) treatment. Mechanistically, the reduced miR-145a-5p expression hindered the osteogenic differentiation and immunomodulatory capacity of OVX MSCs by affecting the TGF-β/Smad 2/3-Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis, resulting in the development of osteoporosis. WT apoVs directly transferred miR-145a-5p to OVX MSCs, which were then reused to restore their impaired biological functions. Conversely, treatment with OVX apoVs did not produce significant effects due to their limited expression of miR-145a-5p. Overall, our findings unveil the remarkable potential of apoVs in rescuing the biological function and therapeutic capability of MSCs derived from individuals with diseases. This discovery offers a new avenue for exploring apoVs-based MSC engineering and expands the application scope of stem cell therapy, contributing to the maintenance of bone homeostasis through a previously unrecognized mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dawei Liu
- Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology
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15
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Zygmunciak P, Stróżna K, Błażowska O, Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska B. Extracellular Vesicles in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy-State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6117. [PMID: 38892303 PMCID: PMC11172920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are the most deadly and cost-driving effects of diabetes mellitus (DM). One of them, which is steadily attracting attention among scientists, is diabetes-induced heart failure, also known as diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Despite significant progress in the research concerning the disease, a universally accepted definition is still lacking. The pathophysiology of the processes accelerating heart insufficiency in diabetic patients on molecular and cellular levels also remains elusive. However, the recent interest concerning extracellular vesicles (EVs) has brought promise to further clarifying the pathological events that lead to DCM. In this review, we sum up recent investigations on the involvement of EVs in DCM and show their therapeutic and indicatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katarzyna Stróżna
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (P.Z.)
| | - Olga Błażowska
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (P.Z.)
| | - Beata Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka St. 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
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Menjivar NG, Oropallo J, Gebremedhn S, Souza LA, Gad A, Puttlitz CM, Tesfaye D. MicroRNA Nano-Shuttles: Engineering Extracellular Vesicles as a Cutting-Edge Biotechnology Platform for Clinical Use in Therapeutics. Biol Proced Online 2024; 26:14. [PMID: 38773366 PMCID: PMC11106895 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-024-00241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized, membranous transporters of various active biomolecules with inflicting phenotypic capabilities, that are naturally secreted by almost all cells with a promising vantage point as a potential leading drug delivery platform. The intrinsic characteristics of their low toxicity, superior structural stability, and cargo loading capacity continue to fuel a multitude of research avenues dedicated to loading EVs with therapeutic and diagnostic cargos (pharmaceutical compounds, nucleic acids, proteins, and nanomaterials) in attempts to generate superior natural nanoscale delivery systems for clinical application in therapeutics. In addition to their well-known role in intercellular communication, EVs harbor microRNAs (miRNAs), which can alter the translational potential of receiving cells and thus act as important mediators in numerous biological and pathological processes. To leverage this potential, EVs can be structurally engineered to shuttle therapeutic miRNAs to diseased recipient cells as a potential targeted 'treatment' or 'therapy'. Herein, this review focuses on the therapeutic potential of EV-coupled miRNAs; summarizing the biogenesis, contents, and function of EVs, as well as providing both a comprehensive discussion of current EV loading techniques and an update on miRNA-engineered EVs as a next-generation platform piloting benchtop studies to propel potential clinical translation on the forefront of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico G Menjivar
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Jaiden Oropallo
- Orthopaedic Bioengineering Research Laboratory (OBRL), Translational Medicine Institute (TMI), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Orthopaedic Research Center (ORC), Translational Medicine Institute (TMI), Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Samuel Gebremedhn
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- J.R. Simplot Company, 1099 W. Front St, Boise, ID, 83702, USA
| | - Luca A Souza
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, 225 Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Ahmed Gad
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Christian M Puttlitz
- Orthopaedic Bioengineering Research Laboratory (OBRL), Translational Medicine Institute (TMI), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Dawit Tesfaye
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
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Lopez-Valcarcel M, Lopez-Campos F, Zafra J, Cienfuegos I, Ferri M, Barrado M, Hernando S, Counago F. Liquid biopsy to personalize treatment for metastatic prostate cancer. Am J Transl Res 2024; 16:1531-1549. [PMID: 38883349 PMCID: PMC11170619 DOI: 10.62347/dicu9510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy is an innovative approach that provides a more complete understanding of treatment response and prognosis in monitoring metastatic prostate cancer. It complements invasive tissue biopsy and involves the assessment of various biomarkers in body fluids such as blood, semen, and urine. Liquid biopsy analyzes circulating tumor cells, extracellular vesicles, circulating tumor DNA, and the secretome. This is particularly important given the heterogeneity of prostate cancer and the need for better prognostic biomarkers. Liquid biopsy can personalize the treatment of homonosensitive and castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer by acting as a predictive and prognostic tool. This review discusses various biomarkers, assay techniques, and potential applications in daily clinical practice, highlighting the exciting possibilities that this emerging field holds for improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lopez-Valcarcel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan Zafra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital Málaga, Spain
| | - Irene Cienfuegos
- Department of Urology, Virgen del Puerto Hospital Plasencia, Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain
| | - Maria Ferri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Marta Barrado
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Navarra University Hospital Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Susana Hernando
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Fundación Alcorcon University Hospital Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Counago
- Department of Radiation Oncology, GenesisCare Madrid Clinical Director, San Francisco de Asis and La Milagrosa Hospitals, National Chair of Research and Clinical Trials GenesisCare, Madrid, Spain
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18
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Wong VA, Dinh KN, Chen G, Wrenshall LE. IL-2Rα KO mice exhibit maternal microchimerism and reveal nuclear localization of IL-2Rα in lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1369818. [PMID: 38812502 PMCID: PMC11133634 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction IL-2Rα knock out (KO) mice have been instrumental to discovering the immunoregulatory properties of IL-2Rα. While initially thought of only as a stimulatory cytokine, IL-2 and IL-2Rα KO mice revealed that this cytokine-receptor system controls immune responses through restimulation-induced cell death and by promoting the survival of T regulatory cells. Although described mostly in the context of lymphocytes, recent studies by our laboratory showed that IL-2R is expressed in smooth muscle cells. Given this finding, we sought to use IL-2Rα KO to determine the function of this receptor in vascular smooth muscle cells. Surprisingly, we found that IL-2Rα KO vascular smooth muscle cells had detectable IL-2Rα. Methods We used multiple gene and protein-based methods to determine why IL-2Rα KO vascular smooth muscle cells exhibited IL-2Rα protein. These methods included: genomic sequencing, assessing cells and tissues for evidence of maternal microchimerism, and determining the half-life of IL-2Rα protein. Results Our studies demonstrated the following: (1) in addition to the cell surface, IL-2Rα is localized to the nucleus; (2) the genetic deletion of IL-2Rα is intact in IL-2Rα KO mice; (3) both IL-2Rα KO and WT tissues show evidence of maternal microchimerism, the likely source of IL-2Rα (4) IL-2Rα is transmitted between cells; (5) IL-2Rα has a long half-life; and (6) nuclear IL-2Rα contributes to the regulation of cell proliferation and size. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the phenotype of complete IL-2Rα loss is more severe than demonstrated by IL-2Rα KO mice, and that IL-2Rα plays a here-to-fore unrecognized role in regulating cell proliferation in non-lymphoid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria A. Wong
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Kristie N. Dinh
- Fertility Wellness Institute of Ohio West Chester Township, OH, United States
| | - Guangchun Chen
- Genomics and Microarray Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Lucile E. Wrenshall
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
- Department of Medical Education, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
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19
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Cappe B, Vandenabeele P, Riquet FB. A guide to the expanding field of extracellular vesicles and their release in regulated cell death programs. FEBS J 2024; 291:2068-2090. [PMID: 37872002 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Homeostasis disruption is visible at the molecular and cellular levels and may often lead to cell death. This vital process allows us to maintain the more extensive system's integrity by keeping the different features (genetic, metabolic, physiologic, and individual) intact. Interestingly, while cells can die in different manners, dying cells still communicate with their environment. This communication was, for a long time, perceived as only driven by the release of soluble factors. However, it has now been reconsidered with the increasing interest in extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are discovered to be released during different regulated cell death programs, with the observation of specific effects. EVs are game changers in the paradigm of cell-cell communication with tremendous implications in fundamental research with regard to noncell autonomous functions, as well as in biomarkers research, all of which are geared toward diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. This review is composed of two main parts. The first is a comprehensive presentation of the state of the art of the EV field at large. In the second part, we focus on EVs discovered to be released during different regulated cell death programs, also known as cell death EVs (cdEVs), and EV-associated specific effects on recipient cells in the context of cell death and inflammation/inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Cappe
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Franck B Riquet
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523 - PhLAM - Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, France
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20
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De Sota RE, Quake SR, Sninsky JJ, Toden S. Decoding bioactive signals of the RNA secretome: the cell-free messenger RNA catalogue. Expert Rev Mol Med 2024; 26:e12. [PMID: 38682644 PMCID: PMC11140549 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2024.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Despite gene-expression profiling being one of the most common methods to evaluate molecular dysregulation in tissues, the utilization of cell-free messenger RNA (cf-mRNA) as a blood-based non-invasive biomarker analyte has been limited compared to other RNA classes. Recent advancements in low-input RNA-sequencing and normalization techniques, however, have enabled characterization as well as accurate quantification of cf-mRNAs allowing direct pathological insights. The molecular profile of the cell-free transcriptome in multiple diseases has subsequently been characterized including, prenatal diseases, neurological disorders, liver diseases and cancers suggesting this biological compartment may serve as a disease agnostic platform. With mRNAs packaged in a myriad of extracellular vesicles and particles, these signals may be used to develop clinically actionable, non-invasive disease biomarkers. Here, we summarize the recent scientific developments of extracellular mRNA, biology of extracellular mRNA carriers, clinical utility of cf-mRNA as disease biomarkers, as well as proposed functions in cell and tissue pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys E. De Sota
- Superfluid Dx., 259 E Grand Avenue, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Stephen R. Quake
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John J. Sninsky
- Superfluid Dx., 259 E Grand Avenue, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Shusuke Toden
- Superfluid Dx., 259 E Grand Avenue, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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21
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Silver BB, Kreutz A, Weick M, Gerrish K, Tokar EJ. Biomarkers of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: toward precision prevention using extracellular vesicles. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1393930. [PMID: 38706609 PMCID: PMC11066856 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1393930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Detrimental side effects of drugs like doxorubicin, which can cause cardiotoxicity, pose barriers for preventing cancer progression, or treating cancer early through molecular interception. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are valued for their potential as biomarkers of human health, chemical and molecular carcinogenesis, and therapeutics to treat disease at the cellular level. EVs are released both during normal growth and in response to toxicity and cellular death, playing key roles in cellular communication. Consequently, EVs may hold promise as precision biomarkers and therapeutics to prevent or offset damaging off-target effects of chemotherapeutics. EVs have promise as biomarkers of impending cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapies and as cardioprotective therapeutic agents. However, EVs can also mediate cardiotoxic cues, depending on the identity and past events of their parent cells. Understanding how EVs mediate signaling is critical toward implementing EVs as therapeutic agents to mitigate cardiotoxic effects of chemotherapies. For example, it remains unclear how mixtures of EV populations from cells exposed to toxins or undergoing different stages of cell death contribute to signaling across cardiac tissues. Here, we present our perspective on the outlook of EVs as future clinical tools to mitigate chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, both as biomarkers of impending cardiotoxicity and as cardioprotective agents. Also, we discuss how heterogeneous mixtures of EVs and transient exposures to toxicants may add complexity to predicting outcomes of exogenously applied EVs. Elucidating how EV cargo and signaling properties change during dynamic cellular events may aid precision prevention of cardiotoxicity in anticancer treatments and development of safer chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian B. Silver
- Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology (DTT), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Durham, NC, United States
- Molecular Genomics Core, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Durham, NC, United States
| | - Anna Kreutz
- Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology (DTT), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Durham, NC, United States
- Epigenetics & Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Durham, NC, United States
- Inotiv, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Madeleine Weick
- Molecular Genomics Core, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Durham, NC, United States
| | - Kevin Gerrish
- Molecular Genomics Core, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Durham, NC, United States
| | - Erik J. Tokar
- Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology (DTT), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Durham, NC, United States
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22
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Cheng Y, Zhu Y, Liu Y, Liu X, Ding Y, Li D, Zhang X, Liu Y. Tailored apoptotic vesicles promote bone regeneration by releasing the osteoinductive brake. Int J Oral Sci 2024; 16:31. [PMID: 38627392 PMCID: PMC11021547 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-024-00293-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs; MSC-apoVs) are vital for bone regeneration, and possess superior capabilities compared to MSCs and other extracellular vesicles derived from MSCs (such as exosomes). The osteoinductive effect of MSC-apoVs is attributed to their diverse contents, especially enriched proteins or microRNAs (miRNAs). To optimize their osteoinduction activity, it is necessary to determine the unique cargo profiles of MSC-apoVs. We previously established the protein landscape and identified proteins specific to MSC-apoVs. However, the features and functions of miRNAs enriched in MSC-apoVs are unclear. In this study, we compared MSCs, MSC-apoVs, and MSC-exosomes from two types of MSC. We generated a map of miRNAs specific to MSC-apoVs and identified seven miRNAs specifically enriched in MSC-apoVs compared to MSCs and MSC-exosomes, which we classified as apoV-specific miRNAs. Among these seven specific miRNAs, hsa-miR-4485-3p was the most abundant and stable. Next, we explored its function in apoV-mediated osteoinduction. Unexpectedly, hsa-miR-4485-3p enriched in MSC-apoVs inhibited osteogenesis and promoted adipogenesis by targeting the AKT pathway. Tailored apoVs with downregulated hsa-miR-4485-3p exhibited a greater effect on bone regeneration than control apoVs. Like releasing the brake, we acquired more powerful osteoinductive apoVs. In summary, we identified the miRNA cargos, including miRNAs specific to MSC-apoVs, and generated tailored apoVs with high osteoinduction activity, which is promising in apoV-based therapies for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Cheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yaoshan Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuenan Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Ding
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Deli Li
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.
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23
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Li Y, Qu G, Dou G, Ren L, Dang M, Kuang H, Bao L, Ding F, Xu G, Zhang Z, Yang C, Liu S. Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Driven by Erythrocytes Ameliorate Bacterial Sepsis by Iron Recycling, Toxin Clearing and Inflammation Regulation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306884. [PMID: 38247172 PMCID: PMC10987154 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis poses a significant challenge in clinical management. Effective strategies targeting iron restriction, toxin neutralization, and inflammation regulation are crucial in combating sepsis. However, a comprehensive approach simultaneously targeting these multiple processes has not been established. Here, an engineered apoptotic extracellular vesicles (apoEVs) derived from macrophages is developed and their potential as multifunctional agents for sepsis treatment is investigated. The extensive macrophage apoptosis in a Staphylococcus aureus-induced sepsis model is discovered, unexpectedly revealing a protective role for the host. Mechanistically, the protective effects are mediated by apoptotic macrophage-released apoEVs, which bound iron-containing proteins and neutralized α-toxin through interaction with membrane receptors (transferrin receptor and A disintegrin and metalloprotease 10). To further enhance therapeutic efficiency, apoEVs are engineered by incorporating mesoporous silica nanoparticles preloaded with anti-inflammatory agents (microRNA-146a). These engineered apoEVs can capture iron and neutralize α-toxin with their natural membrane while also regulating inflammation by releasing microRNA-146a in phagocytes. Moreover, to exploit the microcosmic movement and rotation capabilities, erythrocytes are utilized to drive the engineered apoEVs. The erythrocytes-driven engineered apoEVs demonstrate a high capacity for toxin and iron capture, ultimately providing protection against sepsis associated with high iron-loaded conditions. The findings establish a multifunctional agent that combines natural and engineered antibacterial strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- National Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyResearch Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesDepartment of Oral SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200011China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityShaanxi710032China
| | - Guanlin Qu
- National Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyResearch Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesDepartment of Oral SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200011China
| | - Geng Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityShaanxi710032China
| | - Lili Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityShaanxi710032China
| | - Ming Dang
- School of DentistryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Huijuan Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityShaanxi710032China
| | - Lili Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityShaanxi710032China
| | - Feng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityShaanxi710032China
| | - Guangzhou Xu
- National Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyResearch Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesDepartment of Oral SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200011China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- National Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyResearch Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesDepartment of Oral SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200011China
| | - Chi Yang
- National Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyResearch Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesDepartment of Oral SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200011China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral DiseasesCenter for Tissue EngineeringSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityShaanxi710032China
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24
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Szachniewicz MM, Neustrup MA, van Meijgaarden KE, Jiskoot W, Bouwstra JA, Haks MC, Geluk A, Ottenhoff THM. Intrinsic immunogenicity of liposomes for tuberculosis vaccines: Effect of cationic lipid and cholesterol. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 195:106730. [PMID: 38382622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is still among the deadliest infectious diseases, hence there is a pressing need for more effective TB vaccines. Cationic liposome subunit vaccines are excellent vaccine candidates offering effective protection with a better safety profile than live vaccines. In this study, we aim to explore intrinsic adjuvant properties of cationic liposomes to maximize immune activation while minimizing aspecific cytotoxicity. To achieve this, we developed a rational strategy to select liposomal formulation compositions and assessed their physicochemical and immunological properties in vitro models using human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs). A broad selection of commercially available cationic compounds was tested to prepare liposomes containing Ag85B-ESAT6-Rv2034 (AER) fusion protein antigen. 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn‑glycero-3-ethylphosphocholine (EPC)-based liposomes exhibited the most advantageous activation profile in MDDCs as assessed by cell surface activation markers, cellular uptake, antigen-specific T-cell activation, cytokine production, and cellular viability. The addition of cholesterol to 20 mol% improved the performance of the tested formulations compared to those without it; however, when its concentration was doubled there was no further benefit, resulting in reduced cell viability. This study provides new insights into the role of cationic lipids and cholesterol in liposomal subunit vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Szachniewicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Postzone C5-P, PO Box 9600, Leiden, RC 2300, the Netherlands.
| | - M A Neustrup
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | - K E van Meijgaarden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Postzone C5-P, PO Box 9600, Leiden, RC 2300, the Netherlands
| | - W Jiskoot
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | - J A Bouwstra
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | - M C Haks
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Postzone C5-P, PO Box 9600, Leiden, RC 2300, the Netherlands
| | - A Geluk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Postzone C5-P, PO Box 9600, Leiden, RC 2300, the Netherlands
| | - T H M Ottenhoff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Postzone C5-P, PO Box 9600, Leiden, RC 2300, the Netherlands
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25
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Zhang X, Yang J, Ma S, Gao X, Wang G, Sun Y, Yu Y, Wang Z, Tian W, Liao L. Functional diversity of apoptotic vesicle subpopulations from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in tissue regeneration. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12434. [PMID: 38634538 PMCID: PMC11025359 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis releases numerous apoptotic vesicles that regulate processes such as cell proliferation, immunity, and tissue regeneration and repair. Now, it has also emerged as an attractive candidate for biotherapeutics. However, apoptotic vesicles encompass a diverse range of subtypes, and it remains unclear which specific subtypes play a pivotal role. In this study, we successfully isolated different apoptotic vesicle subtypes based on their sizes and characterized them using NTA and TEM techniques, respectively. We compared the functional variances among the distinct subtypes of apoptotic vesicles in terms of stem cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation, as well as for endothelial cell and macrophage function, effectively identifying subtypes that exhibit discernible functional differences. ApoSEV (with diameter <1000 nm) promoted stem cell proliferation, migration, and multi-potent differentiation, and accelerated skin wound healing of diabetes mouse model, while apoBD (with diameter >1000 nm) played the opposite effect on cell function and tissue regeneration. Lastly, employing protein analysis and gene sequencing techniques, we elucidated the intrinsic mechanisms underlying these differences between different subtypes of apoEVs. Collectively, this study identified that apoptotic vesicle subtypes possessed distinct bio-functions in regulating stem cell function and behaviour and modulating tissue regeneration, which primarily attribute to the distinct profiling of protein and mRNA in different subtypes. This comprehensive analysis of specific subtypes of apoEVs would provide novel insights for potential therapeutic applications in cell biology and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational MedicineMinistry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational MedicineMinistry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Shixing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational MedicineMinistry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational MedicineMinistry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Guanyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational MedicineMinistry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational MedicineMinistry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yejia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational MedicineMinistry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational MedicineMinistry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational MedicineMinistry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Li Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational MedicineMinistry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
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26
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Zhang M, Wei J, Sun Y, He C, Ma S, Pan X, Zhu X. The efferocytosis process in aging: Supporting evidence, mechanisms, and therapeutic prospects for age-related diseases. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00109-7. [PMID: 38499245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is characterized by an ongoing struggle between the buildup of damage caused by a combination of external and internal factors. Aging has different effects on phagocytes, including impaired efferocytosis. A deficiency in efferocytosis can cause chronic inflammation, aging, and several other clinical disorders. AIM OF REVIEW Our review underscores the possible feasibility and extensive scope of employing dual targets in various age-related diseases to reduce the occurrence and progression of age-related diseases, ultimately fostering healthy aging and increasing lifespan. Key scientific concepts of review Hence, the concurrent implementation of strategies aimed at augmenting efferocytic mechanisms and anti-aging treatments has the potential to serve as a potent intervention for extending the duration of a healthy lifespan. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the concept and physiological effects of efferocytosis. Subsequently, we investigated the association between efferocytosis and the hallmarks of aging. Finally, we discuss growing evidence regarding therapeutic interventions for age-related disorders, focusing on the physiological processes of aging and efferocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Jin Wei
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Chang He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Shiyin Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xudong Pan
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China.
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27
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Acuña-Castillo C, Escobar A, García-Gómez M, Bachelet VC, Huidobro-Toro JP, Sauma D, Barrera-Avalos C. P2X7 Receptor in Dendritic Cells and Macrophages: Implications in Antigen Presentation and T Lymphocyte Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2495. [PMID: 38473744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The P2X7 receptor, a member of the P2X purinergic receptor family, is a non-selective ion channel. Over the years, it has been associated with various biological functions, from modulating to regulating inflammation. However, its emerging role in antigen presentation has captured the scientific community's attention. This function is essential for the immune system to identify and respond to external threats, such as pathogens and tumor cells, through T lymphocytes. New studies show that the P2X7 receptor is crucial for controlling how antigens are presented and how T cells are activated. These studies focus on antigen-presenting cells, like dendritic cells and macrophages. This review examines how the P2X7 receptor interferes with effective antigen presentation and activates T cells and discusses the fundamental mechanisms that can affect the immune response. Understanding these P2X7-mediated processes in great detail opens up exciting opportunities to create new immunological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Acuña-Castillo
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160000, Chile
- Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160000, Chile
| | - Alejandro Escobar
- Laboratorio Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Moira García-Gómez
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7800003, Chile
| | - Vivienne C Bachelet
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160000, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Huidobro-Toro
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160000, Chile
| | - Daniela Sauma
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7800003, Chile
- Centro Ciencia & Vida, Av. Del Valle Norte 725, Huechuraba 8580000, Chile
| | - Carlos Barrera-Avalos
- Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160000, Chile
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Hashemi A, Ezati M, Nasr MP, Zumberg I, Provaznik V. Extracellular Vesicles and Hydrogels: An Innovative Approach to Tissue Regeneration. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:6184-6218. [PMID: 38371801 PMCID: PMC10870307 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles have emerged as promising tools in regenerative medicine due to their inherent ability to facilitate intercellular communication and modulate cellular functions. These nanosized vesicles transport bioactive molecules, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which can affect the behavior of recipient cells and promote tissue regeneration. However, the therapeutic application of these vesicles is frequently constrained by their rapid clearance from the body and inability to maintain a sustained presence at the injury site. In order to overcome these obstacles, hydrogels have been used as extracellular vesicle delivery vehicles, providing a localized and controlled release system that improves their therapeutic efficacy. This Review will examine the role of extracellular vesicle-loaded hydrogels in tissue regeneration, discussing potential applications, current challenges, and future directions. We will investigate the origins, composition, and characterization techniques of extracellular vesicles, focusing on recent advances in exosome profiling and the role of machine learning in this field. In addition, we will investigate the properties of hydrogels that make them ideal extracellular vesicle carriers. Recent studies utilizing this combination for tissue regeneration will be highlighted, providing a comprehensive overview of the current research landscape and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hashemi
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3082/12, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Masoumeh Ezati
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3082/12, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Minoo Partovi Nasr
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3082/12, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Inna Zumberg
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3082/12, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Valentine Provaznik
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3082/12, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
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29
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Latanova A, Karpov V, Starodubova E. Extracellular Vesicles in Flaviviridae Pathogenesis: Their Roles in Viral Transmission, Immune Evasion, and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2144. [PMID: 38396820 PMCID: PMC10889558 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The members of the Flaviviridae family are becoming an emerging threat for public health, causing an increasing number of infections each year and requiring effective treatment. The consequences of these infections can be severe and include liver inflammation with subsequent carcinogenesis, endothelial damage with hemorrhage, neuroinflammation, and, in some cases, death. The mechanisms of Flaviviridae pathogenesis are being actively investigated, but there are still many gaps in their understanding. Extracellular vesicles may play important roles in these mechanisms, and, therefore, this topic deserves detailed research. Recent data have revealed the involvement of extracellular vesicles in steps of Flaviviridae pathogenesis such as transmission, immune evasion, and inflammation, which is critical for disease establishment. This review covers recent papers on the roles of extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of Flaviviridae and includes examples of clinical applications of the accumulated data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Latanova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.K.); (E.S.)
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30
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Kandouz M. Cell Death, by Any Other Name…. Cells 2024; 13:325. [PMID: 38391938 PMCID: PMC10886887 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies trying to understand cell death, this ultimate biological process, can be traced back to a century ago. Yet, unlike many other fashionable research interests, research on cell death is more alive than ever. New modes of cell death are discovered in specific contexts, as are new molecular pathways. But what is "cell death", really? This question has not found a definitive answer yet. Nevertheless, part of the answer is irreversibility, whereby cells can no longer recover from stress or injury. Here, we identify the most distinctive features of different modes of cell death, focusing on the executive final stages. In addition to the final stages, these modes can differ in their triggering stimulus, thus referring to the initial stages. Within this framework, we use a few illustrative examples to examine how intercellular communication factors in the demise of cells. First, we discuss the interplay between cell-cell communication and cell death during a few steps in the early development of multicellular organisms. Next, we will discuss this interplay in a fully developed and functional tissue, the gut, which is among the most rapidly renewing tissues in the body and, therefore, makes extensive use of cell death. Furthermore, we will discuss how the balance between cell death and communication is modified during a pathological condition, i.e., colon tumorigenesis, and how it could shed light on resistance to cancer therapy. Finally, we briefly review data on the role of cell-cell communication modes in the propagation of cell death signals and how this has been considered as a potential therapeutic approach. Far from vainly trying to provide a comprehensive review, we launch an invitation to ponder over the significance of cell death diversity and how it provides multiple opportunities for the contribution of various modes of intercellular communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Kandouz
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 East Canfield Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Shao Y, Jiang Y, Yang K, Zhu Y, Liu Y, Zhang P, Lv L, Zhang X, Zhou Y. Apoptotic vesicles derived from human red blood cells promote bone regeneration via carbonic anhydrase 1. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13547. [PMID: 37697490 PMCID: PMC10849785 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) are nanoscale vesicles derived from billions of apoptotic cells involved in the maintenance of the human body's homeostasis. Previous researches have shown that some apoVs, such as those derived from mesenchymal stem cells, contribute to bone formation. However, those apoVs cannot be extracted from patients in large quantities, and cell expansion is needed before apoV isolation, which limits their clinical translation. Mature RBCs, which have no nuclei or genetic material, are easy to obtain, showing high biological safety as a source of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Previous studies have demonstrated that RBC-derived EVs have multiple biological functions, but it is unknown whether RBCs produce apoVs and what effect these apoVs have on bone regeneration. In this study, we isolated and characterized RBC-derived apoVs (RBC-apoVs) from human venous blood and investigated their role in the osteogenesis of human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). We showed that RBCs could produce RBC-apoVs that expressed both general apoVs markers and RBC markers. RBC-apoVs significantly promoted osteogenesis of hBMSCs and enhanced bone regeneration in rat calvarial defects. Mechanistically, RBC-apoVs regulated osteogenesis by transferring carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1) into hBMSCs and activating the P38 MAPK pathway. Our results indicated that RBC-apoVs could deliver functional molecules from RBCs to hBMSCs and promote bone regeneration, pointing to possible therapeutic use in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzi Shao
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental MaterialsBeijingChina
| | - Yuhe Jiang
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental MaterialsBeijingChina
| | - Kunkun Yang
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental MaterialsBeijingChina
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental MaterialsBeijingChina
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental MaterialsBeijingChina
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental MaterialsBeijingChina
| | - Longwei Lv
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental MaterialsBeijingChina
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental MaterialsBeijingChina
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental MaterialsBeijingChina
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Hanafy MS, Cui Z. Connexin-Containing Vesicles for Drug Delivery. AAPS J 2024; 26:20. [PMID: 38267725 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-024-00889-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Connexin is a transmembrane protein present on the cell membrane of most cell types. Connexins assemble into a hexameric hemichannel known as connexon that pairs with another hemichannel present on a neighboring cell to form gap junction that acts as a channel or pore for the transport of ions and small molecules between the cytoplasm of the two cells. Extracellular vesicles released from connexin-expressing cells could carry connexin hemichannels on their surface and couple with another connexin hemichannel on a distant recipient cell to allow the transfer of the intravesicular content directly into the cytoplasm. Connexin-containing vesicles can be potentially utilized for intracellular drug delivery. In this review, we introduced cell-derived, connexin-containing extracellular vesicles and cell-free connexin-containing liposomes, methods of preparing them, procedures to load cargos in them, factors regulating the connexin hemichannel activity, (potential) applications of connexin-containing vesicles in drug delivery, and finally the challenges and future directions in realizing the promises of this platform delivery system for (intracellular) drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud S Hanafy
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Zhengrong Cui
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.
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33
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Poon IKH, Ravichandran KS. Targeting Efferocytosis in Inflammaging. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 64:339-357. [PMID: 37585658 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-032723-110507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Rapid removal of apoptotic cells by phagocytes, a process known as efferocytosis, is key for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, the resolution of inflammation, and tissue repair. However, impaired efferocytosis can result in the accumulation of apoptotic cells, subsequently triggering sterile inflammation through the release of endogenous factors such as DNA and nuclear proteins from membrane permeabilized dying cells. Here, we review the molecular basis of the three key phases of efferocytosis, that is, the detection, uptake, and degradation of apoptotic materials by phagocytes. We also discuss how defects in efferocytosis due to the alteration of phagocytes and dying cells can contribute to the low-grade chronic inflammation that occurs during aging, described as inflammaging. Lastly, we explore opportunities in targeting and harnessing the efferocytic machinery to limit aging-associated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan K H Poon
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, and Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;
| | - Kodi S Ravichandran
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, and Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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34
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Gui L, Ye Q, Yu L, Dou G, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Yang X, Jin F, Liu S, Jin Y, Ren L. Bone-Targeting Peptide and RNF146 Modified Apoptotic Extracellular Vesicles Alleviate Osteoporosis. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:471-488. [PMID: 38250192 PMCID: PMC10800117 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s433511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent disease that causes fractures and loss of motor function. Current drugs targeted for osteoporosis often have inevitable side effects. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs)-derived apoptotic extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs) are nanoscale extracellular vesicles, which has been shown to promote bone regeneration with low immunogenicity and high biological compatibility. However, natural ApoEVs cannot inherently target bones, and are often eliminated by macrophages in the liver and spleen. Thus, our study aimed to reconstruct ApoEVs to enhance their bone-targeting capabilities and bone-promoting function and to provide a new method for osteoporosis treatment. Methods We conjugated a bone-targeting peptide, (Asp-Ser-Ser)6 ((DSS)6), onto the surface of ApoEVs using standard carbodiimide chemistry with DSPE-PEG-COOH serving as the linker. The bone-targeting ability of (DSS)6-ApoEVs was determined using an in vivo imaging system and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). We then loaded ubiquitin ligase RING finger protein146 (RNF146) into BMSCs via adenovirus transduction to obtain functional ApoEVs. The bone-promoting abilities of (DSS)6-ApoEVs and (DSS)6-ApoEVsRNF146 were measured in vitro and in vivo. Results Our study successfully synthesized bone-targeting and gained functional (DSS)6-ApoEVsRNF146 and found that engineered ApoEVs could promote osteogenesis in vitro and exert significant bone-targeting and osteogenesis-promoting effects to alleviate osteoporosis in a mouse model. Conclusion To promote the bone-targeting ability of natural ApoEVs, we successfully synthesized engineered ApoEVs, (DSS)6-ApoEVsRNF146 and found that they could significantly promote osteogenesis and alleviate osteoporosis compared with natural ApoEVs, which holds great promise for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyuan Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingyuan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Digital Dentistry Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Geng Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
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Liu J, Dong J, Pei X. Apoptotic Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Promote Skin Repair by Enhancing Angiogenesis: From Death to Regeneration. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:415-428. [PMID: 38250193 PMCID: PMC10799620 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s441453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The promotion of angiogenesis is an effective strategy for skin wound repair. While the transplantation of endothelial cells has shown promise in vascularization, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Recent studies have suggested that transplanted cells undergo apoptosis in a short period and release apoptotic extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs) that may have therapeutic potential. Methods In this study, we isolated ApoEVs from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and characterized their properties. In vitro, we assessed the effects of ApoEVs on the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of endothelial cells and fibroblasts. In vivo, we investigated the therapeutic role of ApoEVs-AT in full-thickness skin wounds, evaluating wound closure rate, re-epithelialization, granulation tissue formation, vascularization, scar area, and collagen 3(Col3)/collagen 1(Col 1) ratio. Results ApoEVs derived from HUVECs displayed typical characteristics. In vitro, ApoEVs significantly enhanced the proliferation, migration, tube formation, and expression of angiogenic-related genes in endothelial cells and slightly promoted the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts. In vivo, ApoEVs improved the wound closure rate, re-epithelialization, the formation of granulation tissue, and vascularization. Besides, ApoEVs reduced scar formation, accompanied by an increase in the Col 3/ Col 1 ratio. Conclusion Given their abundant source and effectiveness, this study provided a novel approach for angiogenesis in tissue regeneration and deepened the understanding of from death to regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xibo Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
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Yu J, Sane S, Kim JE, Yun S, Kim HJ, Jo KB, Wright JP, Khoshdoozmasouleh N, Lee K, Oh HT, Thiel K, Parvin A, Williams X, Hannon C, Lee H, Kim DK. Biogenesis and delivery of extracellular vesicles: harnessing the power of EVs for diagnostics and therapeutics. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 10:1330400. [PMID: 38234582 PMCID: PMC10791869 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1330400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed particles secreted by a variety of cell types. These vesicles encapsulate a diverse range of molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, metabolites, and even organelles derived from their parental cells. While EVs have emerged as crucial mediators of intercellular communication, they also hold immense potential as both biomarkers and therapeutic agents for numerous diseases. A thorough understanding of EV biogenesis is crucial for the development of EV-based diagnostic developments since the composition of EVs can reflect the health and disease status of the donor cell. Moreover, when EVs are taken up by target cells, they can exert profound effects on gene expression, signaling pathways, and cellular behavior, which makes these biomolecules enticing targets for therapeutic interventions. Yet, despite decades of research, the intricate processes underlying EV biogenesis by donor cells and subsequent uptake by recipient cells remain poorly understood. In this review, we aim to summarize current insights and advancements in the biogenesis and uptake mechanisms of EVs. By shedding light on the fundamental mechanisms governing EV biogenesis and delivery, this review underscores the potential of basic mechanistic research to pave the way for developing novel diagnostic strategies and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jivin Yu
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Saba Sane
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Experimental Animal Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehee Yun
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jai Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Beom Jo
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Jacob P. Wright
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
- College of Arts and Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Nooshin Khoshdoozmasouleh
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Kunwoo Lee
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Ho Taek Oh
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keaton Thiel
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Afrin Parvin
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Xavier Williams
- Applied Technology Laboratory for Advanced Surgery (ATLAS) Studios Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Claire Hannon
- Applied Technology Laboratory for Advanced Surgery (ATLAS) Studios Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Hunsang Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Kyum Kim
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
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Ou Q, Qiao X, Li Z, Niu L, Lei F, Cheng R, Xie T, Yang N, Liu Y, Fu L, Yang J, Mao X, Kou X, Chen C, Shi S. Apoptosis releases hydrogen sulfide to inhibit Th17 cell differentiation. Cell Metab 2024; 36:78-89.e5. [PMID: 38113886 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Over 50 billion cells undergo apoptosis each day in an adult human to maintain immune homeostasis. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is also required to safeguard the function of immune response. However, it is unknown whether apoptosis regulates H2S production. Here, we show that apoptosis-deficient MRL/lpr (B6.MRL-Faslpr/J) and Bim-/- (B6.129S1-Bcl2l11tm1.1Ast/J) mice exhibit significantly reduced H2S levels along with aberrant differentiation of Th17 cells, which can be rescued by the additional H2S. Moreover, apoptotic cells and vesicles (apoVs) express key H2S-generating enzymes and generate a significant amount of H2S, indicating that apoptotic metabolism is an important source of H2S. Mechanistically, H2S sulfhydrates selenoprotein F (Sep15) to promote signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) phosphorylation and suppress STAT3 phosphorylation, leading to the inhibition of Th17 cell differentiation. Taken together, this study reveals a previously unknown role of apoptosis in maintaining H2S homeostasis and the unique role of H2S in regulating Th17 cell differentiation via sulfhydration of Sep15C38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianmin Ou
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xinhua Qiao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhengshi Li
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Luhan Niu
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Fangcao Lei
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ruifeng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ting Xie
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Ling Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xueli Mao
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoxing Kou
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Songtao Shi
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Smith SC, Krystofiak E, Ogden KM. Mammalian orthoreovirus can exit cells in extracellular vesicles. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1011637. [PMID: 38206991 PMCID: PMC10807757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Several egress pathways have been defined for many viruses. Among these pathways, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been shown to function as vehicles of non-lytic viral egress. EVs are heterogenous populations of membrane-bound structures released from cells as a form of intercellular communication. EV-mediated viral egress may enable immune evasion and collective viral transport. Strains of nonenveloped mammalian orthoreovirus (reovirus) differ in cell lysis phenotypes, with T3D disrupting cell membranes more efficiently than T1L. However, mechanisms of reovirus egress and the influence of transport strategy on infection are only partially understood. To elucidate reovirus egress mechanisms, we infected murine fibroblasts (L cells) and non-polarized human colon epithelial (Caco-2) cells with T1L or T3D reovirus and enriched cell culture supernatants for large EVs, medium EVs, small EVs, and free reovirus. We found that both reovirus strains exit cells in association with large and medium EVs and as free virus particles, and that EV-enriched fractions are infectious. While reovirus visually associates with large and medium EVs, only medium EVs offer protection from antibody-mediated neutralization. EV-mediated protection from neutralization is virus strain- and cell type-specific, as medium EVs enriched from L cell supernatants protect T1L and T3D, while medium EVs enriched from Caco-2 cell supernatants largely fail to protect T3D and only protect T1L efficiently. Using genetically barcoded reovirus, we provide evidence that large and medium EVs can convey multiple particles to recipient cells. Finally, T1L or T3D infection increases the release of all EV sizes from L cells. Together, these findings suggest that in addition to exiting cells as free particles, reovirus promotes egress from distinct cell types in association with large and medium EVs during lytic or non-lytic infection, a mode of exit that can mediate multiparticle infection and, in some cases, protection from antibody neutralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydni Caet Smith
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Evan Krystofiak
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Kristen M. Ogden
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
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Huber CC, Wang H. Pathogenic and therapeutic role of exosomes in neurodegenerative disorders. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:75-79. [PMID: 37488847 PMCID: PMC10479842 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.375320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders affect millions of people worldwide, and the prevalence of these disorders is only projected to rise as the number of people over 65 will drastically increase in the coming years. While therapies exist to aid in symptomatic relief, effective treatments that can stop or reverse the progress of each neurodegenerative disease are lacking. Recently, research on the role of extracellular vesicles as disease markers and therapeutics has been intensively studied. Exosomes, 30-150 nm in diameter, are one type of extracellular vesicles facilitating cell-to-cell communication. Exosomes are thought to play a role in disease propagation in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Accordingly, the exosomes derived from the patients are an invaluable source of disease biomarkers. On the other hand, exosomes, especially those derived from stem cells, could serve as a therapeutic for these disorders, as seen by a rapid increase in clinical trials investigating the therapeutic efficacy of exosomes in different neurological diseases. This review summarizes the pathological burden and therapeutic approach of exosomes in neurodegenerative disorders. We also highlight how heat shock increases the yield of exosomes while still maintaining their therapeutic efficacy. Finally, this review concludes with outstanding questions that remain to be addressed in exosomal research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa C. Huber
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Hongmin Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA
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Palma C, Lai A, Scholz‐Romero K, Chittoory H, Van Haeringen B, Carrion F, Handberg A, Lappas M, Lakhani SR, McCart Reed AE, McIntyre HD, Nair S, Salomon C. Differential response of placental cells to high D-glucose and its impact on extracellular vesicle biogenesis and trafficking via small GTPase Ras-related protein RAB-7A. JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 3:e135. [PMID: 38938672 PMCID: PMC11080917 DOI: 10.1002/jex2.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Placental extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be found in the maternal circulation throughout gestation, and their concentration, content and bioactivity are associated with pregnancy outcomes, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, the effect of changes in the maternal microenvironment on the mechanisms associated with the secretion of EVs from placental cells remains to be fully established. Here, we evaluated the effect of high glucose on proteins associated with the trafficking and release of different populations of EVs from placental cells. BeWo and HTR8/SVneo cells were used as placental models and cultured under 5-mM D-glucose (i.e. control) or 25-mM D-glucose (high glucose). Cell-conditioned media (CCM) and cell lysate were collected after 48 h. Different populations of EVs were isolated from CCM by ultracentrifugation (i.e. pellet 2K-g, pellet 10K-g, and pellet 100K-g) and characterised by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis. Quantitative proteomic analysis (IDA/SWATH) and multiple reaction monitoring protocols at high resolution (MRMHR) were developed to quantify 37 proteins related to biogenesis, trafficking/release and recognition/uptake of EVs. High glucose increased the secretion of total EVs across the pellets from BeWo cells, an effect driven mainly by changes in the small EVs concentration in the CCM. Interestingly, no effect of high glucose on HTR8/SVneo cells EVs secretion was observed. High glucose induces changes in proteins associated with vesicle trafficking in BeWo cells, including Heat Shock Protein Family A (Hsp70) Member 9 (HSPA9) and Member 8 (HSPA8). For HTR8/SVneo, altered proteins including prostaglandin F2α receptor regulatory protein (FPRP), RAB5A, RAB35, RAB5B, and RB11B, STAM1 and TSG101. These proteins are associated with the secretion and trafficking of EVs, which could explain in part, changes in the levels of circulating EVs in diabetic pregnancies. Further, we identified that proteins RAB11B, PDCD6IP, STAM, HSPA9, HSPA8, SDCBP, RAB5B, RAB5A, RAB7A and ERAP1 regulate EV release in response to high and low glucose when overexpressed in cells. Interestingly, immunohistochemistry analysis of RAB7A revealed distinct changes in placental tissues obtained from women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n = 6) and those with GDM (n = 6), influenced by diet or insulin treatment. High glucose regulation of proteins involved in intercellular dynamics and the trafficking of multivesicular bodies to the plasma membrane in placental cells is relevant in the context of GDM pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Palma
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae‐Oncology Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Andrew Lai
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae‐Oncology Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Katherin Scholz‐Romero
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae‐Oncology Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Haarika Chittoory
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Benjamin Van Haeringen
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Pathology QueenslandThe Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Flavio Carrion
- Departamento de Investigación, Postgrado y Educación Continua (DIPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad del AlbaSantiagoChile
| | - Aase Handberg
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryAalborg University HospitalAalborgDenmark
| | - Martha Lappas
- Obstetrics, Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Mercy Perinatal Research CentreMercy Hospital for WomenVictoriaAustralia
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Pathology QueenslandThe Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Amy E McCart Reed
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - H. David McIntyre
- Department of Obstetric Medicine, Mater Health Brisbane, Queensland and Mater ResearchThe University of QueenslandSouth BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Soumyalekshmi Nair
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae‐Oncology Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae‐Oncology Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
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Cocozza F, Martin‐Jaular L, Lippens L, Di Cicco A, Arribas YA, Ansart N, Dingli F, Richard M, Merle L, Jouve San Roman M, Poullet P, Loew D, Lévy D, Hendrix A, Kassiotis G, Joliot A, Tkach M, Théry C. Extracellular vesicles and co-isolated endogenous retroviruses from murine cancer cells differentially affect dendritic cells. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113590. [PMID: 38073509 PMCID: PMC10711651 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023113590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) and non-vesicular extracellular (nano)particles (NVEPs or ENPs) that may play a role in intercellular communication. Tumor-derived EVs have been proposed to induce immune priming of antigen presenting cells or to be immuno-suppressive agents. We suspect that such disparate functions are due to variable compositions in EV subtypes and ENPs. We aimed to characterize the array of secreted EVs and ENPs of murine tumor cell lines. Unexpectedly, we identified virus-like particles (VLPs) from endogenous murine leukemia virus in preparations of EVs produced by many tumor cells. We established a protocol to separate small EVs from VLPs and ENPs. We compared their protein composition and analyzed their functional interaction with target dendritic cells. ENPs were poorly captured and did not affect dendritic cells. Small EVs specifically induced dendritic cell death. A mixed large/dense EV/VLP preparation was most efficient to induce dendritic cell maturation and antigen presentation. Our results call for systematic re-evaluation of the respective proportions and functions of non-viral EVs and VLPs produced by murine tumors and their contribution to tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Cocozza
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie Centre de Recherche, PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
- Université de ParisParisFrance
| | - Lorena Martin‐Jaular
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie Centre de Recherche, PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
- Institut Curie Centre de RechercheCurieCoreTech Extracellular VesiclesParisFrance
| | - Lien Lippens
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Human Structure and RepairGhent University, and Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - Aurelie Di Cicco
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR168, Laboratoire Physico‐chimie CurieParisFrance
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR144, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT‐IBiSA)ParisFrance
| | - Yago A Arribas
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie Centre de Recherche, PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Nicolas Ansart
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie Centre de Recherche, PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Florent Dingli
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre de Recherche, CurieCoreTech Spectrométrie de Masse ProtéomiqueParisFrance
| | - Michael Richard
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre de Recherche, CurieCoreTech Spectrométrie de Masse ProtéomiqueParisFrance
| | - Louise Merle
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie Centre de Recherche, PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | | | - Patrick Poullet
- Institut Curie, Bioinformatics core facility (CUBIC), INSERM U900, PSL Research University, Mines Paris TechParisFrance
| | - Damarys Loew
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre de Recherche, CurieCoreTech Spectrométrie de Masse ProtéomiqueParisFrance
| | - Daniel Lévy
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR168, Laboratoire Physico‐chimie CurieParisFrance
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR144, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT‐IBiSA)ParisFrance
| | - An Hendrix
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Human Structure and RepairGhent University, and Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - George Kassiotis
- Retroviral Immunology, The Francis Crick Institute and Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineImperial CollegeLondonUK
| | - Alain Joliot
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie Centre de Recherche, PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Mercedes Tkach
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie Centre de Recherche, PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Clotilde Théry
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie Centre de Recherche, PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
- Institut Curie Centre de RechercheCurieCoreTech Extracellular VesiclesParisFrance
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Yang J, Zhang X, Wang G, Ma S, Yu Y, Liao C, Wang Z, Liang C, Li M, Tian W, Liao L. ApoSEVs-Mediated Modulation of Versatile Target Cells Promotes Diabetic Wound Healing: Unveiling a Promising Strategy. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:6955-6977. [PMID: 38026535 PMCID: PMC10676647 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s436350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic chronic wounds present a formidable challenge in clinical management, lacking effective treatment options. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation has emerged as a promising therapy for tissue repair and regeneration. However, transplanted MSCs often undergo rapid apoptosis, giving rise to heterogeneous extracellular vesicles (EVs), including apoptotic bodies (apoBDs) and apoptotic small extracellular vesicles (apoSEVs). The potential stimulatory role of these EVs in diabetic wound healing remains unknown. Methods In this study, we investigated the effects of apoSEVs derived from adipose-derived mesenchymal/stromal cells (ADSCs) on the recovery of diabetic wounds by modulating the function of versatile target cells. First, we characterized the apoSEVs and apoBDs derived from apoptotic ADSCs. Subsequently, we evaluated the effects of apoSEVs and apoBDs on macrophages, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts, three essential cell types in wound healing, under high-glucose conditions. Furthermore, we developed a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel for the sustained release of apoSEVs and investigated its therapeutic effects on wound healing in type 2 diabetic mice in vivo. Results apoSEVs facilitated the polarization of M1 phenotype macrophages to M2 phenotype, promoted proliferation, migration, and tube formation of endothelial cells, and enhanced fibroblast proliferation and migration. However, apoBDs failed to improve the function of endothelial cells and fibroblasts. In vivo, the apoSEVs-loaded GelMA effectively promoted wound healing by facilitating collagen fiber deposition, angiogenesis, and immune regulation. Conclusion Our study elucidates the beneficial effects of apoSEVs on wound recovery in diabetes and introduces a novel strategy for diabetic wound treatment based on apoSEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuanhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shixing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yejia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengcheng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Maojiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
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Lin R, Zhang T, Gao J. Apoptotic Vesicles of MSCs: The Natural Therapeutic Agents and Bio-Vehicles for Targeting Drug Delivery. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301671. [PMID: 37491784 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies are increasingly recognized as promising cellular therapeutics and show the ability to treat various diseases. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully elucidated. Some recent studies have shown an unexpected result whereby MSCs undergo rapid apoptosis following administration but still exert therapeutic effects in some disease treatments. Such a therapeutic mechanism is believed to associate with the released apoptotic vesicles from apoptotic MSCs (MSC-ApoVs). This finding inspires a novel therapeutic strategy for using MSC-ApoVs for disease treatment. The present review aims to summarize the biogenesis, physiological functions, therapeutic potentials, and related mechanisms of apoptotic vesicles in MSC-based therapy. In addition, the potential applications of MSC-ApoVs as natural therapeutic agents and natural drug delivery vehicles are proposed and highlighted. The present review is hoped to provide a general understanding of MSC-ApoVs in disease treatment and inspire potential applications in targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Lin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianqing Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo First Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, China
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Godbole N, Quinn A, Carrion F, Pelosi E, Salomon C. Extracellular vesicles as a potential delivery platform for CRISPR-Cas based therapy in epithelial ovarian cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 96:64-81. [PMID: 37820858 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian Cancer (OC) is the most common gynecological malignancy and the eighth most diagnosed cancer in females worldwide. Presently, it ranks as the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality among patients globally. Major factors contributing to the lethality of OC worldwide include delayed diagnosis, chemotherapy resistance, high metastatic rates, and the heterogeneity of subtypes. Despite continuous efforts to develop novel targeted therapies and chemotherapeutic agents, challenges persist in the form of OC resistance and recurrence. In the last decade, CRISPR-Cas-based genome editing has emerged as a powerful tool for modifying genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, holding potential for treating numerous diseases. However, a significant challenge for therapeutic applications of CRISPR-Cas technology is the absence of an optimal vehicle for delivering CRISPR molecular machinery into targeted cells or tissues. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have gained traction as potential delivery vehicles for various therapeutic agents. These heterogeneous, membrane-derived vesicles are released by nearly all cells into extracellular spaces. They carry a molecular cargo of proteins and nucleic acids within their intraluminal space, encased by a cholesterol-rich phospholipid bilayer membrane. EVs actively engage in cell-to-cell communication by delivering cargo to both neighboring and distant cells. Their inherent ability to shield molecular cargo from degradation and cross biological barriers positions them ideally for delivering CRISPR-Cas ribonucleoproteins (RNP) to target cells. Furthermore, they exhibit higher biocompatibility, lower immunogenicity, and reduced toxicity compared to classical delivery platforms such as adeno-associated virus, lentiviruses, and synthetic nanoparticles. This review explores the potential of employing different CRISPR-Cas systems to target specific genes in OC, while also discussing various methods for engineering EVs to load CRISPR components and enhance their targeting capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihar Godbole
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Alexander Quinn
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Flavio Carrion
- Departamento de Investigación, Postgrado y Educación Continua (DIPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Alba, Santiago, Chile
| | - Emanuele Pelosi
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Australia; Departamento de Investigación, Postgrado y Educación Continua (DIPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Alba, Santiago, Chile.
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Trifylli EM, Kriebardis AG, Koustas E, Papadopoulos N, Vasileiadi S, Fortis SP, Tzounakas VL, Anastasiadi AT, Sarantis P, Papageorgiou EG, Tsagarakis A, Aloizos G, Manolakopoulos S, Deutsch M. The Arising Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Cholangiocarcinoma: A Rundown of the Current Knowledge Regarding Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15563. [PMID: 37958547 PMCID: PMC10649642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs) constitute a heterogeneous group of highly malignant epithelial tumors arising from the biliary tree. This cluster of malignant tumors includes three distinct entities, the intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal CCAs, which are characterized by different epidemiological and molecular backgrounds, as well as prognosis and therapeutic approaches. The higher incidence of CCA over the last decades, the late diagnostic time that contributes to a high mortality and poor prognosis, as well as its chemoresistance, intensified the efforts of the scientific community for the development of novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) comprise highly heterogenic, multi-sized, membrane-enclosed nanostructures that are secreted by a large variety of cells via different routes of biogenesis. Their role in intercellular communication via their cargo that potentially contributes to disease development and progression, as well as their prospect as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic tools, has become the focus of interest of several current studies for several diseases, including CCA. The aim of this review is to give a rundown of the current knowledge regarding the emerging role of EVs in cholangiocarcinogenesis and their future perspectives as diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni-Myrto Trifylli
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Medical Laboratories, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (S.P.F.); (E.G.P.)
- First Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece;
- 2nd Academic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital of Athens, Vasilissis Sofias Avenue Str., 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.V.); (S.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Anastasios G. Kriebardis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Medical Laboratories, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (S.P.F.); (E.G.P.)
| | - Evangelos Koustas
- Oncology Department, General Hospital Evangelismos, 10676 Athens, Greece;
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Papadopoulos
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, 401 General Military Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| | - Sofia Vasileiadi
- 2nd Academic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital of Athens, Vasilissis Sofias Avenue Str., 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.V.); (S.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Sotirios P. Fortis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Medical Laboratories, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (S.P.F.); (E.G.P.)
| | - Vassilis L. Tzounakas
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (V.L.T.); (A.T.A.)
| | - Alkmini T. Anastasiadi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (V.L.T.); (A.T.A.)
| | - Panagiotis Sarantis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Effie G. Papageorgiou
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Medical Laboratories, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (S.P.F.); (E.G.P.)
| | - Ariadne Tsagarakis
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Georgios Aloizos
- First Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece;
| | - Spilios Manolakopoulos
- 2nd Academic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital of Athens, Vasilissis Sofias Avenue Str., 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.V.); (S.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Melanie Deutsch
- 2nd Academic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital of Athens, Vasilissis Sofias Avenue Str., 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.V.); (S.M.); (M.D.)
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Wang P, Cao J, Feng Z, Tang Y, Han X, Mao T, Li S, Guo Q, Ke X, Zhang X. Oroxylin a promoted apoptotic extracellular vesicles transfer of glycolytic kinases to remodel immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma model. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:176037. [PMID: 37660969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Although oroxylin A, a natural flavonoid compound, suppressed progression of hepatocellular carcinoma, whether the tumor microenvironment especially the communication between cancer cells and immune cells was under its modulation remained obscure. Here we investigated the effect of extracellular vesicles from cancer cells elicited by oroxylin A on macrophages in vitro. The data shows oroxylin A elicits apoptosis-related extracellular vesicles through caspase-3-mediated activation of ROCK1in HCC cells, which regulates M1-like polarization of macrophage. Moreover, oroxylin A downregulates the population of M2-like macrophage and promotes T cells infiltration in tumor microenvironment, accompanied by suppression of HCC development and enhancement of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in mice model. Mechanistically, glycolytic proteins enriched in oroxylin A-elicited extracellular vesicles from HCC cells are transferred to macrophages where ROS-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome is activated, therefore contributing to anti-tumor phenotype of macrophage. Taken together, this study highlights that oroxylin A promotes metabolic shifts between tumor cells and immune cells, facilitates to inhibit tumor development, and improves immunotherapy response in HCC model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Zhi Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Yufang Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Xiaolei Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Tianxiao Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Sichan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Xue Ke
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
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Fyfe J, Casari I, Manfredi M, Falasca M. Role of lipid signalling in extracellular vesicles-mediated cell-to-cell communication. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 73:20-26. [PMID: 37648617 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Lipid signalling plays a crucial role in extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated cell-to-cell communication. Extracellular vesicles are small membrane-bound structures released by various cell types into the extracellular environment. They include exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. These vesicles contain a variety of bioactive molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids (such as miRNAs and mRNAs), and lipids. Lipids are important components of EVs and are involved in various aspects of their biogenesis, cargo sorting, and functional effects on target cells. In this review, we will discuss how lipid signalling is involved in EV-mediated cell-to-cell communication. In summary, lipid signalling is intricately involved in extracellular vesicle-mediated cell-to-cell communication. The lipid composition of EVs influences their biogenesis, cargo sorting, interactions with target cells, and functional effects on recipient cells. Understanding the role of lipids in EV-mediated communication is essential for deciphering the mechanisms underlying intercellular signalling and developing potential therapeutic strategies based on EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Fyfe
- Metabolic Signalling Group, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Ilaria Casari
- Metabolic Signalling Group, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Marcello Manfredi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco Falasca
- Metabolic Signalling Group, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia.
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Cao Z, Li P, Li Y, Zhang M, Hao M, Li W, Mao X, Mo L, Yang C, Ding X, Yang YY, Yuan P, Shi S, Kou X. Encapsulation of Nano-Bortezomib in Apoptotic Stem Cell-Derived Vesicles for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301748. [PMID: 37282762 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer nanovesicles released from living or apoptotic cells that can transport DNA, RNA, protein, and lipid cargo. EVs play critical roles in cell-cell communication and tissue homeostasis, and have numerous therapeutic uses including serving as carriers for nanodrug delivery. There are multiple ways to load EVs with nanodrugs, such as electroporation, extrusion, and ultrasound. However, these approaches may have limited drug-loading rates, poor EV membrane stability, and high cost for large-scale production. Here, it is shown that apoptotic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can encapsulate exogenously added nanoparticles into apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) with a high loading efficiency. When nano-bortezomib is incorporated into apoVs in culture-expanded apoptotic MSCs, nano-bortezomib-apoVs show a synergistic combination effect of bortezomib and apoVs to ameliorate multiple myeloma (MM) in a mouse model, along with significantly reduced side effects of nano-bortezomib. Moreover, it is shown that Rab7 regulates the nanoparticle encapsulation efficiency in apoptotic MSCs and that activation of Rab7 can increase nanoparticle-apoV production. In this study, a previously unknown mechanism to naturally synthesize nano-bortezomib-apoVs to improve MM therapy is revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Cao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Peiyi Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Yuzhen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Manjin Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Meng Hao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Xueli Mao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Lijie Mo
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Chuan Yang
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, Centros #06-01, Singapore, 138669, Singapore
| | - Xin Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, Centros #06-01, Singapore, 138669, Singapore
| | - Peiyan Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Songtao Shi
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Xiaoxing Kou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055, China
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Gregory CD. Hijacking homeostasis: Regulation of the tumor microenvironment by apoptosis. Immunol Rev 2023; 319:100-127. [PMID: 37553811 PMCID: PMC10952466 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancers are genetically driven, rogue tissues which generate dysfunctional, obdurate organs by hijacking normal, homeostatic programs. Apoptosis is an evolutionarily conserved regulated cell death program and a profoundly important homeostatic mechanism that is common (alongside tumor cell proliferation) in actively growing cancers, as well as in tumors responding to cytotoxic anti-cancer therapies. Although well known for its cell-autonomous tumor-suppressive qualities, apoptosis harbors pro-oncogenic properties which are deployed through non-cell-autonomous mechanisms and which generally remain poorly defined. Here, the roles of apoptosis in tumor biology are reviewed, with particular focus on the secreted and fragmentation products of apoptotic tumor cells and their effects on tumor-associated macrophages, key supportive cells in the aberrant homeostasis of the tumor microenvironment. Historical aspects of cell loss in tumor growth kinetics are considered and the impact (and potential impact) on tumor growth of apoptotic-cell clearance (efferocytosis) as well as released soluble and extracellular vesicle-associated factors are discussed from the perspectives of inflammation, tissue repair, and regeneration programs. An "apoptosis-centric" view is proposed in which dying tumor cells provide an important platform for intricate intercellular communication networks in growing cancers. The perspective has implications for future research and for improving cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Gregory
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchInstitute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarterEdinburghUK
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50
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Shekari F, Alibhai FJ, Baharvand H, Börger V, Bruno S, Davies O, Giebel B, Gimona M, Salekdeh GH, Martin‐Jaular L, Mathivanan S, Nelissen I, Nolte‐’t Hoen E, O'Driscoll L, Perut F, Pluchino S, Pocsfalvi G, Salomon C, Soekmadji C, Staubach S, Torrecilhas AC, Shelke GV, Tertel T, Zhu D, Théry C, Witwer K, Nieuwland R. Cell culture-derived extracellular vesicles: Considerations for reporting cell culturing parameters. JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 2:e115. [PMID: 38939735 PMCID: PMC11080896 DOI: 10.1002/jex2.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Cell culture-conditioned medium (CCM) is a valuable source of extracellular vesicles (EVs) for basic scientific, therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Cell culturing parameters affect the biochemical composition, release and possibly the function of CCM-derived EVs (CCM-EV). The CCM-EV task force of the Rigor and Standardization Subcommittee of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles aims to identify relevant cell culturing parameters, describe their effects based on current knowledge, recommend reporting parameters and identify outstanding questions. While some recommendations are valid for all cell types, cell-specific recommendations may need to be established for non-mammalian sources, such as bacteria, yeast and plant cells. Current progress towards these goals is summarized in this perspective paper, along with a checklist to facilitate transparent reporting of cell culturing parameters to improve the reproducibility of CCM-EV research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Shekari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Technology Development Center (ATMP‐TDC), Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
| | | | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in BiologyUniversity of Science and CultureTehranIran
| | - Verena Börger
- Institute for Transfusion MedicineUniversity Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Stefania Bruno
- Department of Medical Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology CenterUniversity of TorinoTurinItaly
| | - Owen Davies
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion MedicineUniversity Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Mario Gimona
- GMP UnitSpinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Centre Salzburg (SCI‐TReCS) and Research Program “Nanovesicular Therapies” Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
| | | | - Lorena Martin‐Jaular
- Institut Curie, INSERM U932 and Curie CoreTech Extracellular VesiclesPSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Suresh Mathivanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular ScienceLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Inge Nelissen
- VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Health departmentBoeretangBelgium
| | - Esther Nolte‐’t Hoen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Lorraine O'Driscoll
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Francesca Perut
- Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology LabIRCCS Istituto Ortopedico RizzoliBolognaItaly
| | - Stefano Pluchino
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Gabriella Pocsfalvi
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResourcesNational Research CouncilNaplesItaly
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae‐Oncology Group, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Carolina Soekmadji
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | | | - Ana Claudia Torrecilhas
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Bioquímica de Fungos e Protozoários, Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)SPBrazil
| | - Ganesh Vilas Shelke
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Tobias Tertel
- Institute for Transfusion MedicineUniversity Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Dandan Zhu
- The Ritchie CentreHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Clotilde Théry
- Institut Curie, INSERM U932 and Curie CoreTech Extracellular VesiclesPSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Kenneth Witwer
- Departments of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology and Neurology and Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's DiseaseJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical CentersLocation AMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Vesicle Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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