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Davern M, O’ Donovan C, Donlon NE, Mylod E, Gaughan C, Bhardwaj A, Sheppard AD, Bracken-Clarke D, Butler C, Ravi N, Donohoe CL, Reynolds JV, Lysaght J, Conroy MJ. Analysing the Combined Effects of Radiotherapy and Chemokine Receptor 5 Antagonism: Complementary Approaches to Promote T Cell Function and Migration in Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma. Biomedicines 2024; 12:819. [PMID: 38672174 PMCID: PMC11048527 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The presence of an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment in oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is a major contributor to poor responses. Novel treatment strategies are required to supplement current regimens and improve patient survival. This study examined the immunomodulatory effects that radiation therapy and chemokine receptor antagonism impose on T cell phenotypes in OAC with a primary goal of identifying potential therapeutic targets to combine with radiation to improve anti-tumour responses. Compared with healthy controls, anti-tumour T cell function was impaired in OAC patients, demonstrated by lower IFN-γ production by CD4+ T helper cells and lower CD8+ T cell cytotoxic potential. Such diminished T cell effector functions were enhanced following treatment with clinically relevant doses of irradiation. Interestingly, CCR5+ T cells were significantly more abundant in OAC patient blood compared with healthy controls, and CCR5 surface expression by T cells was further enhanced by clinically relevant doses of irradiation. Moreover, irradiation enhanced T cell migration towards OAC patient-derived tumour-conditioned media (TCM). In vitro treatment with the CCR5 antagonist Maraviroc enhanced IFN-γ production by CD4+ T cells and increased the migration of irradiated CD8+ T cells towards irradiated TCM, suggesting its synergistic therapeutic potential in combination with irradiation. Overall, this study highlights the immunostimulatory properties of radiation in promoting anti-tumour T cell responses in OAC and increasing T cell migration towards chemotactic cues in the tumour. Importantly, the CCR5 antagonist Maraviroc holds promise to be repurposed in combination with radiotherapy to promote anti-tumour T cell responses in OAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Davern
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (M.D.); (C.O.D.); (N.E.D.); (E.M.); (C.G.); (A.B.); (A.D.S.); (D.B.-C.); (C.B.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Cillian O’ Donovan
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (M.D.); (C.O.D.); (N.E.D.); (E.M.); (C.G.); (A.B.); (A.D.S.); (D.B.-C.); (C.B.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Noel E. Donlon
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (M.D.); (C.O.D.); (N.E.D.); (E.M.); (C.G.); (A.B.); (A.D.S.); (D.B.-C.); (C.B.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Eimear Mylod
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (M.D.); (C.O.D.); (N.E.D.); (E.M.); (C.G.); (A.B.); (A.D.S.); (D.B.-C.); (C.B.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute and Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caoimhe Gaughan
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (M.D.); (C.O.D.); (N.E.D.); (E.M.); (C.G.); (A.B.); (A.D.S.); (D.B.-C.); (C.B.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Anshul Bhardwaj
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (M.D.); (C.O.D.); (N.E.D.); (E.M.); (C.G.); (A.B.); (A.D.S.); (D.B.-C.); (C.B.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Andrew D. Sheppard
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (M.D.); (C.O.D.); (N.E.D.); (E.M.); (C.G.); (A.B.); (A.D.S.); (D.B.-C.); (C.B.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Dara Bracken-Clarke
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (M.D.); (C.O.D.); (N.E.D.); (E.M.); (C.G.); (A.B.); (A.D.S.); (D.B.-C.); (C.B.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Christine Butler
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (M.D.); (C.O.D.); (N.E.D.); (E.M.); (C.G.); (A.B.); (A.D.S.); (D.B.-C.); (C.B.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Narayanasamy Ravi
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (M.D.); (C.O.D.); (N.E.D.); (E.M.); (C.G.); (A.B.); (A.D.S.); (D.B.-C.); (C.B.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Claire L. Donohoe
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (M.D.); (C.O.D.); (N.E.D.); (E.M.); (C.G.); (A.B.); (A.D.S.); (D.B.-C.); (C.B.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
| | - John V. Reynolds
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (M.D.); (C.O.D.); (N.E.D.); (E.M.); (C.G.); (A.B.); (A.D.S.); (D.B.-C.); (C.B.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (M.D.); (C.O.D.); (N.E.D.); (E.M.); (C.G.); (A.B.); (A.D.S.); (D.B.-C.); (C.B.); (N.R.); (C.L.D.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Melissa J. Conroy
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute and Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland
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Mylod E, O'Connell F, Donlon NE, Davern M, Marion C, Butler C, Reynolds JV, Lysaght J, Conroy MJ. Real-time ex vivo monitoring of NK cell migration toward obesity-associated oesophageal adenocarcinoma following modulation of CX3CR1. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4017. [PMID: 38369570 PMCID: PMC10874956 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54390-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Oesophagogastric adenocarcinomas (OAC) are poor prognosis, obesity-associated cancers which may benefit from natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapies. Cellular immunotherapies encounter two key challenges to their success in OAC, namely recruitment to extratumoural tissues such as the omentum at the expense of the tumour and an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME) which can hamper NK cell function. Herein, we examined approaches to overcome the detrimental impact of obesity on NK cells and NK cell-based immunotherapies. We have demonstrated that NK cells migrate preferentially to the chemotactic signals of OAC patient-derived omentum over tumour in an ex vivo model of immune cell migration. We have identified CX3CR1 modulation and/or tumour chemokine profile remodelling as approaches to skew NK cell migration towards tumour. We also report targetable immunosuppressive facets of the obese OAC TME which dampen NK cell function, in particular cytotoxic capabilities. These data provide insights into approaches to therapeutically overcome key challenges presented by obesity and will inform superior design of NK cell-based immunotherapies for OAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eimear Mylod
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona O'Connell
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Noel E Donlon
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria Davern
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caroline Marion
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christine Butler
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John V Reynolds
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Melissa J Conroy
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Mitchelson KAJ, O’Connell F, O’Sullivan J, Roche HM. Obesity, Dietary Fats, and Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk-Potential Mechanisms Relating to Lipid Metabolism and Inflammation. Metabolites 2024; 14:42. [PMID: 38248845 PMCID: PMC10821017 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major driving factor in the incidence, progression, and poor treatment response in gastrointestinal cancers. Herein, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the impact of obesity and its resulting metabolic perturbations across four gastrointestinal cancer types, namely, oesophageal, gastric, liver, and colorectal cancer. Importantly, not all obese phenotypes are equal. Obese adipose tissue heterogeneity depends on the location, structure, cellular profile (including resident immune cell populations), and dietary fatty acid intake. We discuss whether adipose heterogeneity impacts the tumorigenic environment. Dietary fat quality, in particular saturated fatty acids, promotes a hypertrophic, pro-inflammatory adipose profile, in contrast to monounsaturated fatty acids, resulting in a hyperplastic, less inflammatory adipose phenotype. The purpose of this review is to examine the impact of obesity, including dietary fat quality, on adipose tissue biology and oncogenesis, specifically focusing on lipid metabolism and inflammatory mechanisms. This is achieved with a particular focus on gastrointestinal cancers as exemplar models of obesity-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen A. J. Mitchelson
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, UCD Conway Institute, UCD Institute of Food and Health, and School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 H1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona O’Connell
- Department of Surgery, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute and Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jacintha O’Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute and Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen M. Roche
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, UCD Conway Institute, UCD Institute of Food and Health, and School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 H1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
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Pokharel J, Shryki I, Zwijnenburg AJ, Sandu I, Krumm L, Bekiari C, Avramov V, Heinbäck R, Lysell J, Eidsmo L, Harris HE, Gerlach C. The cellular microenvironment regulates CX3CR1 expression on CD8 + T cells and the maintenance of CX3CR1 + CD8 + T cells. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350658. [PMID: 37816219 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Expression levels of the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 serve as high-resolution marker delineating functionally distinct antigen-experienced T-cell states. The factors that influence CX3CR1 expression in T cells are, however, incompletely understood. Here, we show that in vitro priming of naïve CD8+ T cells failed to robustly induce CX3CR1, which highlights the shortcomings of in vitro priming settings in recapitulating in vivo T-cell differentiation. Nevertheless, in vivo generated memory CD8+ T cells maintained CX3CR1 expression during culture. This allowed us to investigate whether T-cell receptor ligation, cell death, and CX3CL1 binding influence CX3CR1 expression. T-cell receptor stimulation led to downregulation of CX3CR1. Without stimulation, CX3CR1+ CD8+ T cells had a selective survival disadvantage, which was enhanced by factors released from necrotic but not apoptotic cells. Exposure to CX3CL1 did not rescue their survival and resulted in a dose-dependent loss of CX3CR1 surface expression. At physiological concentrations of CX3CL1, CX3CR1 surface expression was only minimally reduced, which did not hamper the interpretability of T-cell differentiation states delineated by CX3CR1. Our data further support the broad utility of CX3CR1 surface levels as T-cell differentiation marker and identify factors that influence CX3CR1 expression and the maintenance of CX3CR1 expressing CD8+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Pokharel
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Iman Shryki
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anthonie J Zwijnenburg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ioana Sandu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Krumm
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Bekiari
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Victor Avramov
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rebecka Heinbäck
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Josefin Lysell
- Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liv Eidsmo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
- Leo Foundation Skin Immunology Center, University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Helena E Harris
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carmen Gerlach
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
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Mikosz A, Ni K, Gally F, Pratte KA, Winfree S, Lin Q, Echelman I, Wetmore B, Cao D, Justice MJ, Sandhaus RA, Maier L, Strange C, Bowler RP, Petrache I, Serban KA. Alpha-1 antitrypsin inhibits fractalkine-mediated monocyte-lung endothelial cell interactions. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L711-L725. [PMID: 37814796 PMCID: PMC11068395 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00023.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by nonresolving inflammation fueled by breach in the endothelial barrier and leukocyte recruitment into the airspaces. Among the ligand-receptor axes that control leukocyte recruitment, the full-length fractalkine ligand (CX3CL1)-receptor (CX3CR1) ensures homeostatic endothelial-leukocyte interactions. Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure and respiratory pathogens increase expression of endothelial sheddases, such as a-disintegrin-and-metalloproteinase-domain 17 (ADAM17, TACE), inhibited by the anti-protease α-1 antitrypsin (AAT). In the systemic endothelium, TACE cleaves CX3CL1 to release soluble CX3CL1 (sCX3CL1). During CS exposure, it is not known whether AAT inhibits sCX3CL1 shedding and CX3CR1+ leukocyte transendothelial migration across lung microvasculature. We investigated the mechanism of sCX3CL1 shedding, its role in endothelial-monocyte interactions, and AAT effect on these interactions during acute inflammation. We used two, CS and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) models of acute inflammation in transgenic Cx3cr1gfp/gfp mice and primary human endothelial cells and monocytes to study sCX3CL1-mediated CX3CR1+ monocyte adhesion and migration. We measured sCX3CL1 levels in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage (BALF) of individuals with COPD. Both sCX3CL1 shedding and CX3CR1+ monocytes transendothelial migration were triggered by LPS and CS exposure in mice, and were significantly attenuated by AAT. The inhibition of monocyte-endothelial adhesion and migration by AAT was TACE-dependent. Compared with healthy controls, sCX3CL1 levels were increased in plasma and BALF of individuals with COPD, and were associated with clinical parameters of emphysema. Our results indicate that inhibition of sCX3CL1 as well as AAT augmentation may be effective approaches to decrease excessive monocyte lung recruitment during acute and chronic inflammatory states.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our novel findings that AAT and other inhibitors of TACE, the sheddase that controls full-length fractalkine (CX3CL1) endothelial expression, may provide fine-tuning of the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis specifically involved in endothelial-monocyte cross talk and leukocyte recruitment to the alveolar space, suggests that AAT and inhibitors of sCX3CL1 signaling may be harnessed to reduce lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Mikosz
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Kevin Ni
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Fabienne Gally
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Katherine A Pratte
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Seth Winfree
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Qiong Lin
- Department of Medicine, Fuzhou First Hospital Affiliated with Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Isabelle Echelman
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Brianna Wetmore
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Danting Cao
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Matthew J Justice
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Robert A Sandhaus
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Lisa Maier
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Charlie Strange
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Russell P Bowler
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Irina Petrache
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Karina A Serban
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, United States
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6
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Ding X, Wang W, Tao X, Li Z, Huang Y. Construction of a novel prognostic model in skin cutaneous melanoma based on chemokines-related gene signature. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18172. [PMID: 37875556 PMCID: PMC10598024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44598-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cutaneous melanoma, SKCM, is one of the most aggressive treatment-resistant tumours. Despite the fact that the BRAF oncogene and immunological checkpoints such as PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 have enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of SKCM, the subsequent resistance mechanisms and remedies have raised concerns. Chemokines have a significant role in the immunological milieu of tumor, which may increase the efficacy of checkpoint blockade and serve as a possible therapeutic intervention route. However, there is still no chemokine-based typing and risk model to provide a prognosis and therapeutic efficacy assessment for SKCM patients. In this study, we verified the distinct differences of prognostic stratification as well as immune characteristics between two chemokine-related clusters in SKCM patients. Two clusters of DEGs were discovered to be primarily enriched in B and T cell receptor signaling pathways as well as TNF signaling via NF-kappa-B. Based on 14 prognosis-related DEGs from aforementioned two clusters (CCL8, GBP2, GBP4, SRNG, HLA-DMB, RARRES3, HLA-DQA1, PARP12, APOL3, IRF1, HLA-DRA, UBE2L6, IL2RA and CD38), a chemokine-related 14-gene prognostic model was established. At the same time, researchers explored differences between the low-risk and high-risk groups in clinical traits, the proportion of infiltration of 22 different types of immune cells, and how well medications worked. The risk score model's immunotherapy and prognostic predictions were also confirmed in testing groups. Based on the finding, we can claim that there is a clear link between chemokines and TME in SKCM. The risk score may perform as a trustworthy prediction model, giving therapeutic benefits for both chemotherapy and immunotherapy, as well as being beneficial for clinical decision making in SKCM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Ding
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohua Tao
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Youming Huang
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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7
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Mylod E, Lysaght J, Conroy MJ. Measuring Immune Cell Movement Toward the Soluble Microenvironment of Human Tissues Using a Boyden Chamber-Based Migration Assay. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2645:231-240. [PMID: 37202623 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3056-3_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Migration assays are used to measure cell movement toward a variety of chemoattractants in a controlled environment. Here we describe a method for a Boyden chamber-based migration assay using conditioned media generated from the tumor, liver, and visceral adipose tissue of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eimear Mylod
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Melissa J Conroy
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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8
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Sun Y. A systematic pan-cancer analysis reveals the clinical prognosis and immunotherapy value of C-X3-C motif ligand 1 (CX3CL1). Front Genet 2023; 14:1183795. [PMID: 37153002 PMCID: PMC10157490 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1183795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now widely known that C-X3-C motif ligand 1 (CX3CL1) plays an essential part in the process of regulating pro-inflammatory cells migration across a wide range of inflammatory disorders, including a number of malignancies. However, there has been no comprehensive study on the correlation between CX3CL1 and cancers on the basis of clinical features. In order to investigate the potential function of CX3CL1 in the clinical prognosis and immunotherapy, I evaluated the expression of CX3CL1 in numerous cancer types, methylation levels and genetic alterations. I found CX3CL1 was differentially expressed in numerous cancer types, which indicated CX3CL1 may plays a potential role in tumor progression. Furthermore, CX3CL1 was variably expressed in methylation levels and gene alterations in most cancers according to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). CX3CL1 was robustly associated with clinical characteristics and pathological stages, suggesting that it was related to the degree of tumor malignancy and the physical function of patients. As determined by the Kaplan-Meier method of estimating survival, high CX3CL1 expression was associated with either favorable or unfavorable outcomes depending on the different types of cancer. It suggests the correlation between CX3CL1 and tumor prognosis. Significant positive correlations of CX3CL1 expression with CD4+ T cells, M1 macrophage cells and activated mast cells have been established in the majority of TCGA malignancies. Which indicates CX3CL1 plays an important role in tumor immune microenvironment. Gene Ontology (GO) terms and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis suggested that the chemokine signaling pathway may shed light on the pathway for CX3CL1 to exert function. In a conclusion, our study comprehensively summarizes the potential role of CX3CL1 in clinical prognosis and immunotherapy, suggesting that CX3CL1 may represent a promising pharmacological treatment target of tumors.
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9
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Sun Y, Zhang XX, Huang S, Pan H, Gai YZ, Zhou YQ, Zhu L, Nie HZ, Li DX. Diet-Induced Obesity Promotes Liver Metastasis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma via CX3CL1/CX3CR1 Axis. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:5665964. [PMID: 35478937 PMCID: PMC9038430 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5665964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive cancers, and the patients are generally diagnosed with distant metastasis. Liver is one of the preferred organs of distant metastasis, and liver metastasis is the leading cause of death in PDAC. Diet-induced obesity (DIO) is a risk factor for PDAC, and it remains unclear whether and how DIO contributes to liver metastasis of PDAC. In our study, we found that DIO significantly promoted PDAC liver metastasis compared with normal diet (ND) in intrasplenic injection mouse model. RNA-seq analysis for liver metastasis nodules showed that the various chemokines and several chemokine receptors were altered between ND and DIO samples. The expression levels of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 were significantly upregulated in DIO-induced liver metastasis of PDAC compared to ND. Increased CX3CL1 promoted the recruitment of CX3CR1-expressing pancreatic tumor cells. Taken together, our data demonstrated that DIO promoted PDAC liver metastasis via CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 Jiangsu, China
| | - Shan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yan-Zhi Gai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yao-Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hui-Zhen Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dong-Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
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10
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Mylod E, Lysaght J, Conroy MJ. Natural killer cell therapy: A new frontier for obesity-associated cancer. Cancer Lett 2022; 535:215620. [PMID: 35283210 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell infiltration of solid tumours is associated with better outcomes, placing augmentation of NK cell abundance in tumours as an attractive immunotherapeutic approach. The unique ability of NK cells to target cancer cells without antigen specificity increases their versatility and applicability as an immunotherapeutic tool. However, successful utilisation of NK cell-based therapies in solid tumours is still at an early stage. Obesity has become a global health epidemic, and the prevalence of obesity-associated cancers has significantly increased. Obesity-associated malignancies provide a unique challenge for the successful application of cell-based immunotherapies including NK cell-based therapies because significant numbers of NK and T cells are recruited to the visceral adipose tissue at the expense of successful tumour infiltration and eradication. As such, immunotherapy efficacy has been disappointing for obesity-associated malignancies such as oesophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma. Therefore, immunotherapies for obesity-associated cancers warrant our further attention. Indeed, it is becoming ever more obvious that more innovative approaches are needed to re-invigorate anti-tumour immunity and overcome immune exclusion in such tumours. In this review, we briefly summarise the dysfunctionality of NK cells in obesity-associated cancer. We outline the NK cell-based immunotherapeutic approaches which hold promise as effective treatments in this disease space, including CAR-NK cells. Furthermore, we suggest future avenues which possess the potential to transform immunotherapy and specifically NK cell therapy efficacy for obesity-associated cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eimear Mylod
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 8, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 8, Ireland
| | - Melissa J Conroy
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 8, Ireland; Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland.
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11
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The endothelial diapedesis synapse regulates transcellular migration of human T lymphocytes in a CX3CL1- and SNAP23-dependent manner. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110243. [PMID: 35045291 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) efficiently leave the circulation to target cancer cells or contribute to inflammation is of high medical interest. Here, we demonstrate that human central memory CTLs cross the endothelium in a predominantly paracellular fashion, whereas effector and effector memory CTLs cross the endothelium preferably in a transcellular fashion. We find that effector CTLs show a round morphology upon adhesion and induce a synapse-like interaction with the endothelium where ICAM-1 is distributed at the periphery. Moreover, the interaction of ICAM-1:β2integrin and endothelial-derived CX3CL1:CX3CR1 enables transcellular migration. Mechanistically, we find that ICAM-1 clustering recruits the SNARE-family protein SNAP23, as well as syntaxin-3 and -4, for the local release of endothelial-derived chemokines like CXCL1/8/10. In line, silencing of endothelial SNAP23 drives CTLs across the endothelium in a paracellular fashion. In conclusion, our data suggest that CTLs trigger local chemokine release from the endothelium through ICAM-1-driven signals driving transcellular migration.
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12
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Mylod E, O’Connell F, Donlon NE, Butler C, Reynolds JV, Lysaght J, Conroy MJ. The Omentum in Obesity-Associated Cancer: A Hindrance to Effective Natural Killer Cell Migration towards Tumour Which Can Be Overcome by CX3CR1 Antagonism. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010064. [PMID: 35008227 PMCID: PMC8750072 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Oesophagogastric adenocarcinomas (OAC) are cancers of the food pipe and stomach which have a strong link with obesity. Natural killer (NK) cells are assassins of the immune system and are crucial for eliminating cancer. We have shown previously that NK cells are pulled into fat in OAC patients by a signalling protein called fractalkine (CX3CL1). Once in fat, NK cells die or are profoundly altered. This diminishes their ability to kill the tumour. We report that exposure to fat can reduce movement of NK cells towards the tumour. However, if a drug called a CX3CR1 antagonist is used to antagonise the receptor for fractalkine, we can restore NK cell movement towards the tumour. When we activate NK cells with a protein called IL-15, fractalkine can reduce its effect on NK cells. This provides further evidence for using CX3CR1 antagonists to reduce NK cell migration to fat and boost NK cell movement to the tumour. Abstract Oesophagogastric adenocarcinomas (OAC) are obesity-associated malignancies, underpinned by severe immune dysregulation. We have previously shown that natural killer (NK) cells preferentially migrate to OAC omentum, where they undergo phenotypic and functional alterations and apoptosis. Furthermore, we have identified the CX3CR1:fractalkine (CX3CL1) pathway as pivotal in their recruitment to omentum. Here, we elucidate whether exposure to the soluble microenvironment of OAC omentum, and in particular fractalkine and IL-15 affects NK cell homing capacity towards oesophageal tumour. Our data uncover diminished NK cell migration towards OAC tumour tissue conditioned media (TCM) following exposure to omental adipose tissue conditioned media (ACM) and reveal that this migration can be rescued with CX3CR1 antagonist E6130. Furthermore, we show that fractalkine has opposing effects on NK cell migration towards TCM, when used alone or in combination with IL-15 and uncover its inhibitory effects on IL-15-mediated stimulation of death receptor ligand expression. Interestingly, treatment with fractalkine and/or IL-15 do not significantly affect NK cell adhesion to MAdCAM-1, despite changes they elicit to the expression of integrin α4β7. This study provides further evidence that CX3CR1 antagonism has therapeutic utility in rescuing NK cells from the deleterious effects of the omentum and fractalkine in OAC, thus limiting their dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eimear Mylod
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (E.M.); (N.E.D.); (J.L.)
| | - Fiona O’Connell
- Department of Surgery, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (F.O.); (C.B.)
| | - Noel E. Donlon
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (E.M.); (N.E.D.); (J.L.)
| | - Christine Butler
- Department of Surgery, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (F.O.); (C.B.)
| | - John V. Reynolds
- Gastro-Intestinal Medicine and Surgery, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland;
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (E.M.); (N.E.D.); (J.L.)
| | - Melissa J. Conroy
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (E.M.); (N.E.D.); (J.L.)
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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13
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Mylod E, Melo AM, Donlon NE, Davern M, Bhardwaj A, Reynolds JV, Lysaght J, Conroy MJ. Fractalkine Elicits Chemotactic, Phenotypic, and Functional Effects on CX3CR1 +CD27 - NK Cells in Obesity-Associated Cancer. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:1200-1210. [PMID: 34321227 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Esophagogastric adenocarcinomas (EAC) are obesity-associated malignancies underpinned by severe immune dysregulation and inflammation. Our previous work indicates that NK cells migrate to EAC omentum, where they undergo phenotypic and functional alterations and apoptosis. In this study, we investigate whether such erroneous chemotaxis to omentum is paralleled by compromised NK cell infiltration of EAC patient tumor and examine the role of the inflammatory chemokine fractalkine in shaping the NK cell-mediated response. Our data show diminished NK cell frequencies in EAC tumor compared with those in the circulation and reveal that intratumoral NK cell frequencies decline as visceral obesity increases in EAC patients. Our in vitro findings demonstrate that antagonism of fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 significantly reduces NK cell migration to EAC patient-derived, omental adipose tissue-conditioned media, but not toward tumor-conditioned media. These data suggest fractalkine is a key driver of NK cell chemotaxis to omentum but has a lesser role in NK cell homing to tumor in EAC. We propose that this may offer a novel therapeutic strategy to limit NK cell depletion in the omentum of obese EAC patients, and our data suggest the optimal timing for CX3CR1 antagonism is after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Our functional studies demonstrate that fractalkine induces the conversion from CX3CR1+CD27- to CX3CR1-CD27+ NK cells and increases their IFN-γ and TNF-α production, indicative of its role in shaping the dominant NK cell phenotype in EAC omentum. This study uncovers crucial and potentially druggable pathways underpinning NK cell dysfunction in obesity-associated cancer and provides compelling insights into fractalkine's diverse biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eimear Mylod
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and the Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ashanty M Melo
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and the Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Noel E Donlon
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and the Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Gastro-intestinal Medicine and Surgery, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; and
| | - Maria Davern
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and the Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anshul Bhardwaj
- Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin and St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John V Reynolds
- Gastro-intestinal Medicine and Surgery, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; and
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and the Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Melissa J Conroy
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and the Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland;
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14
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Melo AM, Mylod E, Fitzgerald V, Donlon NE, Murphy DM, Foley EK, Bhardwaj A, Reynolds JV, Doherty DG, Lysaght J, Dunne MR, Conroy MJ. Tissue distribution of γδ T cell subsets in oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Clin Immunol 2021; 229:108797. [PMID: 34273585 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The global obesity epidemic is contributing to increased prevalence of diseases fuelled by chronic inflammation, including cancer. Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is an obesity-associated malignancy with increasing prevalence, dismal prognosis, and severely dysregulated immune processes. We previously reported that αβ T cells migrate to omentum and liver in OAC and contribute to inflammation in these tissues. Here, we assessed the tissue distribution and phenotype of gamma/delta (γδ) T cells in the blood, omentum, liver and tumour of OAC patients. Our data show that the Vδ1 and Vδ3 subsets of γδ T cells are most prevalent in omentum and liver of OAC patients. Furthermore, γδ T cells are predominantly pro-inflammatory in these tissues, and co-express IFN-γ and IL-17. Moreover, γδ T cells exhibit cytotoxic capabilities in OAC omentum and liver. This study provides the first indication that γδ T cells contribute to obesity-associated inflammation in OAC and might be exploited therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashanty M Melo
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Eimear Mylod
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Vivienne Fitzgerald
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Noel E Donlon
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | | | - Emma K Foley
- Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Anshul Bhardwaj
- Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - John V Reynolds
- Gastro-Intestinal Medicine and Surgery, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | | | - Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Margaret R Dunne
- Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Melissa J Conroy
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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15
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Liu H, Sun S, Wang G, Lu M, Zhang X, Wei X, Gao X, Huang C, Li Z, Zheng J, Zhang Q. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Cabozantinib Inhibits Murine Renal Cancer by Activating Innate and Adaptive Immunity. Front Oncol 2021; 11:663517. [PMID: 33954115 PMCID: PMC8089383 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.663517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has a very dismal prognosis. Cabozantinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been approved for the treatment of advanced RCC. However, the impact of cabozantinib on the immune microenvironment of RCC remains poorly understood. Methods Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed to examine the correlation between intratumor infiltration of neutrophils and patient prognosis in RCC. Infiltration and effector function of neutrophils and T cells in response to cabozantinib treatment were investigated in a murine RCC model. Results A retrospective study of 307 RCC patients indicated that neutrophils were recruited into tumor tissues, and increased neutrophil infiltration was associated with improved clinical outcomes. In a murine model of RCC, cabozantinib treatment significantly increased both intratumor infiltration and anti-tumor function of neutrophils and T cells. Mechanistically, we found that cabozantinib treatment induced expression of neutrophil-related chemokines (CCL11 and CXCL12) and T cell-related chemokines (CCL8 and CX3CL1) in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, depletion of neutrophils and CD8+ T cells compromised the therapeutic efficacy of cabozantinib. Importantly, cabozantinib treatment induced long-term anti-tumor T cell response. Conclusions Our study revealed novel mechanisms of the therapeutic effects of cabozantinib on RCC by activating both neutrophil-mediated innate immunity and T cell-mediated adaptive immunity. These findings are of great significance for guiding the clinical use of cabozantinib and provide a good candidate for future combination therapy with T-cell therapies or other immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Liu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shishuo Sun
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Lu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaohuan Wei
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoge Gao
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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16
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Bello D, Chanetsa L, Cristophi CA, Poh TY, Singh D, Setyawati MI, Christiani D, Chotirmall SH, Ng KW, Demokritou P. Chronic upper airway and systemic inflammation from copier emitted particles in healthy operators at six Singaporean workplaces. NANOIMPACT 2021; 22:100325. [PMID: 35559961 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Toner-based printing equipment (TPE), including laser printers and photocopiers, utilize several engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) to improve toner performance. Operation of TPE, which rarely employ any exposure controls, generates high exposures to nanoparticles that contain ENMs and complex organics. Epidemiological literature in copier operators documents respiratory effects, including nasal blockage, cough, excessive sputum, and breathing difficulties, cardiovascular effects, oxidative stress, and inflammation. However, epidemiological studies in humans with adequate exposure assessment and dose-response analysis are lacking. We present herein the analysis of the upper airway and systemic inflammation in plasma of 19 healthy copier operators at six Singapore workplaces. We employed a repeated panel design (four biomarker measurements over two weeks) combined with a multi-marker approach (14 inflammatory cytokines in plasma and nasal lavage (NL)), and comprehensive exposure assessment using four distinct exposure metrics. We investigated spatial and temporal patterns of markers of upper airway and systemic inflammation and their association with various exposure metrics. Several inflammatory markers, namely fractalkine, IL-1β, and IL-1α in NL, and fractalkine, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in plasma, were strongly and positively associated with at least one exposure metric, whereas GM-CSF was negatively associated. The inflammation score was also strongly associated with TPE nanoparticle exposures. Exposure to TPE emissions induced moderate upper airway inflammation and stronger systemic inflammation in these healthy operators, characterized by upregulation of at least IL-1β, fractalkine, TNF-α and IFN-γ. Proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-1β play an important role in orchestrating inflammatory responses in various clinical conditions, including cardiovascular and autoimmune disease, and likely trigger activation of endothelial cells, leading to overexpression of fractalkine, a chemokine that is involved in and associated with multiple disorders, including atherosclerosis and vascular disease. Future larger-scale epidemiological studies in these workers and consumers exposed chronically to TPE nanoparticle emissions and proactive interventions to reduce or eliminate TPE exposures are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhimiter Bello
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Bldg 1, Rm 1310B, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 883 Broadway Street, Dugan 108-C, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
| | - Lucia Chanetsa
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 883 Broadway Street, Dugan 108-C, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Costas A Cristophi
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Arch. Kyprianos Str. 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Tuang Yeow Poh
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore
| | - Dilpreet Singh
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Bldg 1, Rm 1310B, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Magdiel Inggrid Setyawati
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, #01-21, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - David Christiani
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Bldg 1, Rm 1310B, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sanjay H Chotirmall
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Bldg 1, Rm 1310B, Boston, MA 02115, USA; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, #01-21, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore; Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institution, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, 637141, Singapore
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Bldg 1, Rm 1310B, Boston, MA 02115, USA; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, #01-21, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore.
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Wang L, Sun P, Wu Y, Wang L. Metabolic tissue-resident CD8 + T cells: A key player in obesity-related diseases. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13133. [PMID: 32935464 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity-induced low-grade chronic inflammation in the metabolic tissues, such as adipose tissue (AT) and liver tissue, in individuals with obesity is a major etiological factor for several diseases, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular problems, as well as cancer and autoimmune diseases. Previous studies have revealed that tissue-resident macrophages play a crucial role in this process. However, the mechanisms responsible for recruiting and activating macrophages and initiating chronic inflammation in the metabolic tissues have not yet been clearly elucidated. In the most recent decade, there has been a growing emphasis on the critical role of the adaptive CD8+ T cells in obesity-induced chronic inflammation and related metabolic diseases. In this review, we will summarize the relevant studies in both mice and human regarding the role of metabolic tissue-resident CD8+ T cells in obesity-related inflammation and diseases, as well as the possible mechanisms underlying the regulation of CD8+ T cell recruitment, activation and function in the metabolic tissues, and discuss their potential as therapeutic targets for obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wang
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Immunology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ping Sun
- Department of Immunology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Ligand-competent fractalkine receptor is expressed on exosomes. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:100932. [PMID: 33553692 PMCID: PMC7859287 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.100932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of chemokine receptor CX3CR1 is reportedly restricted to several cell types including natural killer cells, cytotoxic T cells, monocytes, and macrophages. However, its expression and function on exosomes, which are nanosized extracellular vesicles known to act as mediators of intercellular communications, remain unclear. Here, we investigated CX3CR1 expression on exosomes isolated from various cell types. Although we found that all the exosomes tested in our study highly expressed CX3CR1, this chemokine receptor was expressed only inside, but barely on, their source cells. Moreover, exosomal CX3CR1 was capable of binding soluble CX3CL1. Therefore, our study suggests that CX3CR1 is a novel and ligand-competent exosome receptor. CX3CR1 is highly expressed by exosomes. Expression of CX3CR1 is restricted within, but not on, the cells. Exosomal CX3CR1 is capable of binding soluble CX3CL1. CX3CL1 binding of exosomes may deprive their source cells of the chance to bind this chemokine.
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The omentum harbors unique conditions in the peritoneal cavity to promote healing and regeneration for diaphragm muscle repair in mdx mice. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 382:447-455. [PMID: 32661578 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03238-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Although the primary cause of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic mutation, the inflammatory response contributes directly to severity and exacerbation of the diaphragm muscle pathology. The omentum is a lymphoid organ with unique structural and immune functions serving as a sanctuary of hematopoietic and mesenchymal progenitors that coordinate immune responses in the peritoneal cavity. Upon activation, these progenitors expand and the organ produces large amounts of growth factors orchestrating tissue regeneration. The omentum of mdx mouse, a DMD murine model, is rich in milky spots and produces growth factors that promote diaphragm muscle regeneration. The present review summarizes the current knowledge of the omentum as an important immunologic structure and highlights its contribution to resolution of dystrophic muscle injury by providing an adequate environment for muscle regeneration, thus being a potential site for therapeutic interventions in DMD.
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Power R, Lowery MA, Reynolds JV, Dunne MR. The Cancer-Immune Set Point in Oesophageal Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:891. [PMID: 32582553 PMCID: PMC7287212 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has achieved long-term disease control in a proportion of cancer patients, but determinants of clinical benefit remain unclear. A greater understanding of antitumor immunity on an individual basis is needed to facilitate a precision oncology approach. A conceptual framework called the "cancer-immune set point" has been proposed to describe the equilibrium between factors that promote or suppress anticancer immunity and can serve as a basis to understand the variability in clinical response to immune checkpoint blockade. Oesophageal cancer has a high mutational burden, develops from pre-existing chronic inflammatory lesions and is therefore anticipated to be sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibition. However, both tumour- and patient-specific factors including the immune microenvironment, the microbiome, obesity, and host genetics contribute to an immune set point that confers a lower-than-expected response to checkpoint blockade. Immunotherapy is therefore currently confined to latter lines of treatment of advanced disease, with no reliable predictive biomarker of response. In this review, we examine oesophageal cancer in the context of the cancer-immune set point, discuss factors that contribute to response to immunotherapeutic intervention, and propose areas requiring further investigation to improve treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Power
- Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St. James Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maeve A. Lowery
- Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St. James Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John V. Reynolds
- Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St. James Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Margaret R. Dunne
- Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St. James Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Liu R, Nikolajczyk BS. Tissue Immune Cells Fuel Obesity-Associated Inflammation in Adipose Tissue and Beyond. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1587. [PMID: 31379820 PMCID: PMC6653202 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity-associated inflammation stems from a combination of cell-intrinsic changes of individual immune cell subsets and the dynamic crosstalk amongst a broad array of immune cells. Although much of the focus of immune cell contributions to metabolic disease has focused on adipose tissue-associated cells, these potent sources of inflammation inhabit other metabolic regulatory tissues, including liver and gut, and recirculate to promote systemic inflammation and thus obesity comorbidities. Tissue-associated immune cells, especially T cell subpopulations, have become a hotspot of inquiry based on their contributions to obesity, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases and certain types of cancers. The cell-cell interactions that take place under the stress of obesity are mediated by intracellular contact and cytokine production, and constitute a complicated network that drives the phenotypic alterations of immune cells and perpetuates a feed-forward loop of metabolic decline. Herein we discuss immune cell functions in various tissues and obesity-associated cancers from the viewpoint of inflammation. We also emphasize recent advances in the understanding of crosstalk amongst immune cell subsets under obese conditions, and suggest future directions for focused investigations with clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Barbara S. Nikolajczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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Altered T Cell Migratory Capacity in the Progression from Barrett Oesophagus to Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2019; 12:57-66. [PMID: 30834503 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-019-00220-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is an inflammation-driven cancer with poor prognosis and incidence is increasing rapidly. OAC arises from gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and reflux-induced Barrett oesophagus (BO). The role of T cells in this disease progression is not yet fully understood. We have previously demonstrated higher proportions of pro-tumour Th2 cells in BO tissue, implicating them in its pathogenesis. While a Th2 immune profile is thought to underlie the metaplastic transformation in BO and promote OAC development, our studies suggest that the abundance of Th2 cells in BO tissue is likely to occur through altered T cell recruitment. This study examined the chemokine networks governing T cell migration to oesophageal tissue during disease progression. Here, we have identified that circulating T cells in OAC patients, exhibit impaired migratory capacity with decreased frequencies of Th1-associated CXCR3+ and Th17-associated CCR6+ cells. Despite the abundance of Th1 chemokines RANTES (CCL5) and MIP-1α (CCL3) in OAC tumour, enrichments of intratumoural T cells expressing corresponding receptors were not observed. These data suggest that T cell infiltration of oesophageal tissue is compromised in OAC and suggest that future therapies targeting T cell trafficking should occur at the pre-neoplastic stage. This is supported by the finding that antagonism of Th2-biased CCR4 significantly reduces T cell migration in BO but not OAC patients. Since we have previously reported a predominant Th2 immune profile in BO, we suggest that chemokine receptor antagonism may be a viable treatment option to alleviate Th2-predominance in BO and interrupt progression to OAC.
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Wang A, Yang T, Zhang L, Jia L, Wu Q, Yao S, Xu J, Yang H. IP3-Mediated Calcium Signaling Is Involved in the Mechanism of Fractalkine-Induced Hyperalgesia Response. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:8804-8811. [PMID: 30517088 PMCID: PMC6290586 DOI: 10.12659/msm.913787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fractalkine is widely expressed throughout the brain and spinal cord, where it can exert effects on pain enhancement and hyperalgesia by activating microglia through CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1), which triggers the release of several pro-inflammatory cytokines in the spinal cord. Fractalkine has also been shown to increase cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i) in microglia. Material/Methods Based on the characteristics of CX3CR1, a G protein-coupled receptor, we explored the role of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) signaling in fractalkine-induced inflammatory response in BV-2 cells in vitro. The effect and the underlying mechanism induced by fractalkine in the brain were observed using a mouse model with intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of exogenous fractalkine. Results [Ca2+]i was significantly increased and IL-1β and TNF-α levels were higher in the fractalkine-treated cell groups than in the farctalkine+ 2-APB groups. We found that i.c.v. injection of fractalkine significantly increased p-p38MAPK, IL-1β, and TNF-α expression in the brain, while i.c.v. injection of a fractalkine-neutralizing antibody (anti-CX3CR1), trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) antagonist (2-APB), or p38MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) prior to fractalkine addition yielded an effective and reliable anti-allodynia effect, following the reduction of p-p38MAPK, IL-1β, and TNF-α expression. Conclusions Our results suggest that fractalkine leads to hyperalgesia, and the underlying mechanism may be associated with IP3/p38MAPK-mediated calcium signaling and its phlogogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China (mainland)
| | - Tingting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Lingli Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China (mainland)
| | - Lizhou Jia
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Qingping Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Shanglong Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Jianjun Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Daqing Oil Field, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Hongxin Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China (mainland)
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