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Lv Z, Zhang X, Zhao K, Du L, Wang X, Chu Y, Huang T. Co-immunization with DNA vaccines encoding yidR and IL-17 augments host immune response against Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in mouse model. Virulence 2024; 15:2345019. [PMID: 38656137 PMCID: PMC11057650 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2345019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important gram-negative bacterium that causes severe respiratory and healthcare-associated infections. Although antibiotic therapy is applied to treat severe infections caused by K. pneumoniae, drug-resistant isolates pose a huge challenge to clinical practices owing to adverse reactions and the mismanagement of antibiotics. Several studies have attempted to develop vaccines against K. pneumoniae, but there are no licensed vaccines available for the control of K. pneumoniae infection. In the current study, we constructed a novel DNA vaccine, pVAX1-YidR, which encodes a highly conserved virulence factor YidR and a recombinant expression plasmid pVAX1-IL-17 encoding Interleukin-17 (IL-17) as a molecular adjuvant. Adaptive immune responses were assessed in immunized mice to compare the immunogenicity of the different vaccine schemes. The results showed that the targeted antigen gene was expressed in HEK293T cells using an immunofluorescence assay. Mice immunized with pVAX1-YidR elicited a high level of antibodies, induced strong cellular immune responses, and protected mice from K. pneumoniae challenge. Notably, co-immunization with pVAX1-YidR and pVAX1-IL-17 significantly augmented host adaptive immune responses and provided better protection against K. pneumoniae infections in vaccinated mice. Our study demonstrates that combined DNA vaccines and molecular adjuvants is a promising strategy to develop efficacious antibacterial vaccines against K. pneumoniae infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Lv
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kelei Zhao
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianming Du
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinrong Wang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiwen Chu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- Antiinfective Agent Creation Engineering Research Centre of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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2
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Li S, Sun J, Li Y, Lv X, Wang L, Song L. CgPHB2 involved in the haemocyte mitophagy in response to Vibrio splendidus stimulation in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 156:105168. [PMID: 38522715 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Prohibitin2 (PHB2) is recently identified as a novel inner membrane mitophagy receptor to mediate mitophagy. In the present study, the function of CgPHB2 in mediating mitophagy in response to Vibrio splendidus stimulation was investigated in Crassostrea gigas. CgPHB2 protein was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm of three subpopulations of haemocytes. After V. splendidus stimulation, the expressions of CgPHB2 mRNA in haemocytes were up-regulated significantly at 6, 12 and 24 h, and the abundance of CgPHB2 protein was also enhanced at 12-24 h compared to control group. Furthermore, the green signals of CgPHB2 were colocalized respectively with the red signals of mitochondria and CgLC3 in the haemocytes at 12 h after V. splendidus stimulation, and the co-localization value of CgPHB2 and mtphagy Dye was significantly increased. The direct interaction between CgPHB2 and CgLC3 was simulated by molecular docking. In PHB2-inhibitor Fluorizoline-treated oysters, the mRNA expressions of mitophagy-related genes and the ratio of mitophagy were significantly decreased in haemocytes of oysters after V. splendidus stimulation. All the results collectively suggested that CgPHB2 participated in mediating the haemocyte mitophagy in the antibacterial immune response of oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurong Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jiejie Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Yinan Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaoqian Lv
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
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3
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Ramachandran RA, Abdallah JT, Rehman M, Baniasadi H, Blanton AM, Vizcaino S, Robertson DM. Pseudomonas aeruginosa impairs mitochondrial function and metabolism during infection of corneal epithelial cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.24.600521. [PMID: 38979356 PMCID: PMC11230238 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.24.600521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that can infect the cornea as a result of trauma or contact lens wear. In addition to their known energy producing role, mitochondria are important mediators of immune signaling and host defense. While certain pathogens have developed strategies to evade host defenses by modulating host mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism, the ability of PA to harness host cell mitochondria during corneal infection is unknown. Using a combination of biochemical and imaging techniques, we show that PA infection of corneal epithelial cells induced mitochondrial fission in a DRP1-dependent manner that preceded PINK1/Parkin and FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy. PA also impaired NADH-linked respiration through a reduction in complex 1. This corresponded to a decrease in metabolic pathways related to glycolysis and the TCA cycle. Metabolomics analysis further demonstrated an upregulation of the pentose phosphate pathway, arginine, purine, and pyrimidine metabolism in PA infected cells. These pathways may provide a key source of nucleotides, amino acids, and nitrogen for both the host cell and PA, in addition to antioxidant functions. Following treatment with gentamicin to kill all extracellular bacteria, metabolic flux analysis showed that corneal epithelial cells were able to restore mitochondrial function despite the continued presence of intracellular PA. Taken together, these data demonstrate that mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic rewiring in host cells is triggered by extracellular PA, but once inside, PA requires healthy mitochondria to ensure host cell survival.
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4
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Ma L, Han T, Zhan YA. Mechanism and role of mitophagy in the development of severe infection. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:88. [PMID: 38374038 PMCID: PMC10876966 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01844-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria produce adenosine triphosphate and potentially contribute to proinflammatory responses and cell death. Mitophagy, as a conservative phenomenon, scavenges waste mitochondria and their components in the cell. Recent studies suggest that severe infections develop alongside mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy abnormalities. Restoring mitophagy protects against excessive inflammation and multiple organ failure in sepsis. Here, we review the normal mitophagy process, its interaction with invading microorganisms and the immune system, and summarize the mechanism of mitophagy dysfunction during severe infection. We highlight critical role of normal mitophagy in preventing severe infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiu Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tianyu Han
- Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Disease, the 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi-An Zhan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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5
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Kimura M, Kothari S, Gohir W, Camargo JF, Husain S. MicroRNAs in infectious diseases: potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Clin Microbiol Rev 2023; 36:e0001523. [PMID: 37909789 PMCID: PMC10732047 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00015-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are conserved, short, non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. They have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer and neurological, cardiovascular, and autoimmune diseases. Several recent studies have suggested that miRNAs are key players in regulating the differentiation, maturation, and activation of immune cells, thereby influencing the host immune response to infection. The resultant upregulation or downregulation of miRNAs from infection influences the protein expression of genes responsible for the immune response and can determine the risk of disease progression. Recently, miRNAs have been explored as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in various infectious diseases. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of miRNAs during viral, fungal, bacterial, and parasitic infections from a clinical perspective, including critical functional mechanisms and implications for their potential use as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneyoshi Kimura
- Transplant Infectious Diseases, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sagar Kothari
- Transplant Infectious Diseases, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wajiha Gohir
- Transplant Infectious Diseases, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jose F. Camargo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Shahid Husain
- Transplant Infectious Diseases, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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6
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Li Z, Duan Y, Yan S, Zhang Y, Wu Y. The miR-302/367 cluster: Aging, inflammation, and cancer. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:752-766. [PMID: 37555645 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs that occupy a significant role in biological processes as important regulators of intracellular homeostasis. First, we will discuss the biological genesis and functions of the miR-302/367 cluster, including miR-302a, miR-302b, miR-302c, miR-302d, and miR-367, as well as their roles in physiologically healthy tissues. The second section of this study reviews the progress of the miR-302/367 cluster in the treatment of cancer, inflammation, and diseases associated with aging. This cluster's aberrant expression in cells and/or tissues exhibits similar or different effects in various diseases through molecular mechanisms such as proliferation, apoptosis, cycling, drug resistance, and invasion. This article also discusses the upstream and downstream regulatory networks of miR-302/367 clusters and their related mechanisms. Particularly because studies on the upstream regulatory molecules of miR-302/367 clusters, which include age-related macular degeneration, myocardial infarction, and cancer, have become more prevalent in recent years. MiR-302/367 cluster can be an important therapeutic target and the use of miRNAs in combination with other molecular markers may improve diagnostic or therapeutic capabilities, providing unique insights and a more dynamic view of various diseases. It is noted that miRNAs can be an important bio-diagnostic target and offer a promising method for illness diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Li
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yan Duan
- Department of Stomatology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Shaofu Yan
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yunxia Wu
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
- Department of Stomatology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
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7
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Verbeke J, De Bolle X, Arnould T. To eat or not to eat mitochondria? How do host cells cope with mitophagy upon bacterial infection? PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011471. [PMID: 37410705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria fulfil a plethora of cellular functions ranging from energy production to regulation of inflammation and cell death control. The fundamental role of mitochondria makes them a target of choice for invading pathogens, with either an intracellular or extracellular lifestyle. Indeed, the modulation of mitochondrial functions by several bacterial pathogens has been shown to be beneficial for bacterial survival inside their host. However, so far, relatively little is known about the importance of mitochondrial recycling and degradation pathways through mitophagy in the outcome (success or failure) of bacterial infection. On the one hand, mitophagy could be considered as a defensive response triggered by the host upon infection to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. However, on the other hand, the pathogen itself may initiate the host mitophagy to escape from mitochondrial-mediated inflammation or antibacterial oxidative stress. In this review, we will discuss the diversity of various mechanisms of mitophagy in a general context, as well as what is currently known about the different bacterial pathogens that have developed strategies to manipulate the host mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Verbeke
- Research Unit in Cell Biology, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology URBC)-Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Xavier De Bolle
- Research Unit in Microorganisms Biology (URBM)-Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Thierry Arnould
- Research Unit in Cell Biology, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology URBC)-Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
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8
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Li J, Yang Q, Gao X, Chen F, Gu X, Zhou X, Chen L, Liu J, Wu M. Overexpressed miR-539 exacerbates Pseudomonas aeruginosa puenmonia by promoting inflammatory responses. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2023; 6:pbad012. [PMID: 37333625 PMCID: PMC10273829 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbad012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Li
- Respiratory Department, Allergy and Immunity Institute, Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Drug Discovery Center, Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Vaccine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinghong Gao
- Respiratory Department, Allergy and Immunity Institute, Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Drug Discovery Center, Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Respiratory Department, Allergy and Immunity Institute, Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xinxia Gu
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Vaccine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xikun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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9
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Guo Y, Liu K, Yang X, Lv Z, Zhao K, Wang X, Chu Y, Li J, Huang T. Multi-omics-based characterization of the influences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence factors EsxB and PPE68 on host cells. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:230. [PMID: 37162591 PMCID: PMC10170423 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03576-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the ancient master of causing tuberculosis, is one of the most successful pathogens capable of persistently colonizing host lungs. The EsxB (CFP-10) of ESX-1 system and PPE68 of the PPE family contribute to the virulence of M. tuberculosis. However, the virulence potential and pathogenetic characteristics of these two proteins during M. tuberculosis infection remain unclear. In this study, two prokaryotic expression plasmids for EsxB or PPE68 of M. tuberculosis were constructed and the recombinant proteins His-EsxB or His-PPE68 were purified. The proteome and transcriptome of MH-S cells treated with His-EsxB or His-PPE68 were explored, followed by validating the expression of the identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using quantitative PCR. A total of 159/439 specific proteins or 633/1117 DEGs were obtained between control and His-EsxB or His-PPE68 treated groups in the MH-S proteomes and transcriptomes. Additionally, 37/60 signal pathways were predicted in the His-EsxB or His-PPE68 treated groups and "Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction" was the most represented pathway. Furthermore, the expression of the DEGs (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) was significantly upregulated, suggesting that these DEGs contributed to the host response during EsxB or PPE68 treatment. These findings provide detailed information on developing an effective intervention strategy to control M. tuberculosis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Guo
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, 610106, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kanghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, 610064, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiting Yang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, 610106, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Lv
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, 610106, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kelei Zhao
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, 610106, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinrong Wang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, 610106, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Chu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, 610106, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, 610064, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ting Huang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, 610106, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Ayilam Ramachandran R, Sanches JM, Robertson DM. The roles of autophagy and mitophagy in corneal pathology: current knowledge and future perspectives. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1064938. [PMID: 37153108 PMCID: PMC10160402 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1064938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The cornea is the clear dome that covers the front portion of the globe. The primary functions of the cornea are to promote the refraction of light and to protect the eye from invading pathogens, both of which are essential for the preservation of vision. Homeostasis of each cellular layer of the cornea requires the orchestration of multiple processes, including the ability to respond to stress. One mechanism whereby cells respond to stress is autophagy, or the process of "self-eating." Autophagy functions to clear damaged proteins and organelles. During nutrient deprivation, amino acids released from protein breakdown via autophagy are used as a fuel source. Mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy, functions to clear damaged mitochondria. Thus, autophagy and mitophagy are important intracellular degradative processes that sustain tissue homeostasis. Importantly, the inhibition or excessive activation of these processes result in deleterious effects on the cell. In the eye, impairment or inhibition of these mechanisms have been associated with corneal disease, degenerations, and dystrophies. This review summarizes the current body of knowledge on autophagy and mitophagy at all layers in the cornea in both non-infectious and infectious corneal disease, dystrophies, and degenerations. It further highlights the critical gaps in our understanding of mitochondrial dysfunction, with implications for novel therapeutics in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose Marcos Sanches
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Danielle M Robertson
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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11
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Niu H, Pang Y, Xie L, Yu Q, Shen Y, Li J, Xu X. Clustering pattern and evolution characteristic of microRNAs in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). BMC Genomics 2023; 24:73. [PMID: 36782132 PMCID: PMC9926789 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09159-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A considerable fraction of microRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved, and certain miRNAs correspond to genomic clusters. The clustering of miRNAs can be advantageous, possibly by allowing coordinated expression. However, little is known about the evolutionary forces responsible for the loss and acquisition of miRNA and miRNA clusters. RESULTS The results demonstrated that several novel miRNAs arose throughout grass carp evolution. Duplication and de novo production were critical strategies for miRNA cluster formation. Duplicates accounted for a smaller fraction of the expansion in the grass carp miRNA than de novo creation. Clustered miRNAs are more conserved and change slower, whereas unique miRNAs usually have high evolution rates and low expression levels. The expression level of miRNA expression in clusters is strongly correlated. CONCLUSIONS This study examines the genomic distribution, evolutionary background, and expression regulation of grass carp miRNAs. Our findings provide novel insights into the genesis and development of miRNA clusters in teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Niu
- grid.412514.70000 0000 9833 2433Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China ,grid.412514.70000 0000 9833 2433National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China ,grid.412514.70000 0000 9833 2433Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Pang
- grid.412514.70000 0000 9833 2433Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China ,grid.412514.70000 0000 9833 2433National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China ,grid.412514.70000 0000 9833 2433Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingli Xie
- grid.412514.70000 0000 9833 2433Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China ,grid.412514.70000 0000 9833 2433National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China ,grid.412514.70000 0000 9833 2433Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaozhen Yu
- grid.412514.70000 0000 9833 2433Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China ,grid.412514.70000 0000 9833 2433National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China ,grid.412514.70000 0000 9833 2433Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yubang Shen
- grid.412514.70000 0000 9833 2433Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China ,grid.412514.70000 0000 9833 2433National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China ,grid.412514.70000 0000 9833 2433Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China. .,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China. .,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Huang T, Lv Z, Cui K, Wang X, Zhang X, Yue B, Chu Y, Zhao K. Involvement of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Cblb in host defense and evaluation of transcriptome during Trueperella pyogenes infection. Microbes Infect 2023; 25:105104. [PMID: 36682520 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Trueperella pyogenes (T. pyogenes) is a versatile and ingenious bacterium that causes severe suppurative injuries in lots of economically important ruminants. The underlying pathogenesis of T. pyogenes infection remains poorly understood. In the current study, we performed transcriptome sequencing of mouse blood tissue infected with T. pyogenes. A total of 36.73 G clean data were collected, and 136 differentially expressed genes were obtained in the infection group compared to the control group. In addition, we found that the E3 ubiquitin ligase Cblb exhibited significant upregulation in the infection groups compared to the control group. Mechanistically, T. pyogenes infection markedly enhanced the expression of Cblb and regulated the host defense response. Inhibiting Cblb expression with Cblb siRNA impaired the inflammatory response and reduced the effect of phagocytosis in RAW264.7 murine macrophages. Intriguingly, overexpression of Cblb induced a strong inflammatory response and enhanced phagocytosis against T. pyogenes infection in macrophages. More importantly, the overexpression of Cblb significantly reduced the bacterial load and protected mice from the T. pyogenes infections. Therefore, our findings reveal that Cblb is a novel and potential regulator in response to T. pyogenes infection and shed new light on the development of promising treatments against T. pyogenes-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China.
| | - Zheng Lv
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China.
| | - Kai Cui
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Xinrong Wang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China.
| | - Xiuyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Bisong Yue
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Yiwen Chu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China.
| | - Kelei Zhao
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China.
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Zhang F, Zhou Y, Ding J. The current landscape of microRNAs (miRNAs) in bacterial pneumonia: opportunities and challenges. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:70. [PMID: 35986232 PMCID: PMC9392286 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which were initially discovered in Caenorhabditis elegans, can regulate gene expression by recognizing cognate sequences and interfering with the transcriptional or translational machinery. The application of bioinformatics tools for structural analysis and target prediction has largely driven the investigation of certain miRNAs. Notably, it has been found that certain miRNAs which are widely involved in the inflammatory response and immune regulation are closely associated with the occurrence, development, and outcome of bacterial pneumonia. It has been shown that certain miRNA techniques can be used to identify related targets and explore associated signal transduction pathways. This enhances the understanding of bacterial pneumonia, notably for “refractory” or drug-resistant bacterial pneumonia. Although these miRNA-based methods may provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease, they still face various challenges, such as low sensitivity, poor specificity, low silencing efficiency, off-target effects, and toxic reactions. The opportunities and challenges of these methods have been completely reviewed, notably in bacterial pneumonia. With the continuous improvement of the current technology, the miRNA-based methods may surmount the aforementioned limitations, providing promising support for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of “refractory” or drug-resistant bacterial pneumonia.
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Huang T, Zeng M, Fu H, Zhao K, Song T, Guo Y, Zhou J, Zhai L, Liu C, Prithiviraj B, Wang X, Chu Y. A novel antibiotic combination of linezolid and polymyxin B octapeptide PBOP against clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2022; 21:38. [PMID: 36038932 PMCID: PMC9422153 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-022-00531-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are becoming a major public health threat such as the important opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). The present study investigated enhancement of the linezolid spectrum, which is normally used to treat Gram-positive bacteria, at inhibiting P. aeruginosa growth. Methods The checkerboard test or time-kill assay were carried out to determine the antibacterial effects of linezolid in cooperation with polymyxin B octapeptide PBOP (LP) against P. aeruginosa based on in vitro model. The protective effect of LP against P. aeruginosa infection was assessed based on a Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model. Results The synergistic activity and antibacterial effects were significantly increased against P. aeruginosa by LP treatment, while linezolid and PBOP as monotherapies exhibited no remarkably bactericidal activity against the clinical strains. Additionally, LP treatment modified biofilm production, morphology, swimming motility of P. aeruginosa, and protected C. elegans from P. aeruginosa infection. Conclusions This research demonstrates that LP combination has significant synergistic activity against P. aeruginosa, and PBOP is potential to be an activity enhancer. Notably, this strategy improved the antibacterial activity spectrum of linezolid and other anti-Gram-positive agents and represents an effective choice to surmount the antibiotic resistance of bacteria in the long term. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12941-022-00531-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, China
| | - Mao Zeng
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, China
| | - Huiyao Fu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, China
| | - Kelei Zhao
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Song
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, China
| | - Yidong Guo
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingyu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Longfei Zhai
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, China
| | - Chaolan Liu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, China
| | - Balakrishnan Prithiviraj
- Marine Bio-Products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Xinrong Wang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yiwen Chu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, China.
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa: pathogenesis, virulence factors, antibiotic resistance, interaction with host, technology advances and emerging therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:199. [PMID: 35752612 PMCID: PMC9233671 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01056-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 126.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that infects patients with cystic fibrosis, burn wounds, immunodeficiency, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), cancer, and severe infection requiring ventilation, such as COVID-19. P. aeruginosa is also a widely-used model bacterium for all biological areas. In addition to continued, intense efforts in understanding bacterial pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa including virulence factors (LPS, quorum sensing, two-component systems, 6 type secretion systems, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), CRISPR-Cas and their regulation), rapid progress has been made in further studying host-pathogen interaction, particularly host immune networks involving autophagy, inflammasome, non-coding RNAs, cGAS, etc. Furthermore, numerous technologic advances, such as bioinformatics, metabolomics, scRNA-seq, nanoparticles, drug screening, and phage therapy, have been used to improve our understanding of P. aeruginosa pathogenesis and host defense. Nevertheless, much remains to be uncovered about interactions between P. aeruginosa and host immune responses, including mechanisms of drug resistance by known or unannotated bacterial virulence factors as well as mammalian cell signaling pathways. The widespread use of antibiotics and the slow development of effective antimicrobials present daunting challenges and necessitate new theoretical and practical platforms to screen and develop mechanism-tested novel drugs to treat intractable infections, especially those caused by multi-drug resistance strains. Benefited from has advancing in research tools and technology, dissecting this pathogen's feature has entered into molecular and mechanistic details as well as dynamic and holistic views. Herein, we comprehensively review the progress and discuss the current status of P. aeruginosa biophysical traits, behaviors, virulence factors, invasive regulators, and host defense patterns against its infection, which point out new directions for future investigation and add to the design of novel and/or alternative therapeutics to combat this clinically significant pathogen.
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Huang T, Zhao K, Song X, Song T, Wang X, Zhang X, Yue B, Chu Y. Heterologous Prime-Boost Immunization with DNA Vaccine and Modified Recombinant Proteins Enhances Immune Response against Trueperella pyogenes in Mice. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10060839. [PMID: 35746448 PMCID: PMC9230664 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10060839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Trueperella pyogenes (T. pyogenes) is a crucial opportunistic pathogen normally causing mastitis, abscesses and pneumonia in economically important ruminants. Although only one commercial vaccine of T. pyogenes is currently obtainable, its immunoprotective effect is limited. Pyolysin (PLO) is the most predominant virulence factor highly expressed in T. pyogenes and is an excellent target for the development of novel vaccines against T. pyogenes. In this study, we designed a heterologous prime-boost vaccination scheme combining a DNA vaccine pVAX1-PLO and a subunit vaccine His-PLO to maximize host responses in mice. Humoral and cellular immune responses and protective effects were evaluated in mice to compare the immunogenicity induced by different immunization schemes. Compared to the PBS-control group, in vivo immunization results showed that better immune responses of mice immunized with the pVAX1-PLO plasmids and His-PLO proteins were induced. The residual bacterial burdens from the liver and peritoneal fluid were remarkably decreased in the immunized mice compared with the PBS group. Notably, the heterologous prime-boost vaccination groups significantly enhanced host humoral and cellular immune responses and protected mice from different virulent T. pyogenes strains infection. Conclusively, this study provides a favorable strategy for the further development of next-generation vaccines against T. pyogenes infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China; (K.Z.); (T.S.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (Y.C.)
| | - Kelei Zhao
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China; (K.Z.); (T.S.); (X.W.)
| | - Xuhao Song
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China;
| | - Tao Song
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China; (K.Z.); (T.S.); (X.W.)
| | - Xinrong Wang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China; (K.Z.); (T.S.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiuyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Z.); (B.Y.)
| | - Bisong Yue
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Z.); (B.Y.)
| | - Yiwen Chu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China; (K.Z.); (T.S.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (Y.C.)
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Huang T, Lv Z, Lin J, Zhao K, Zhai L, Wang X, Chu Y. A Potent Antibiotic Combination of Linezolid and Polymycin B Nonapeptide Against Klebsiella pneumoniae Infection In Vitro and In Vivo. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:887941. [PMID: 35559242 PMCID: PMC9086963 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.887941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic resistant Gram-negative bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is becoming a major public health threat and imposing a financial burden worldwide. A serious lack of new drugs under development is undermining efforts to fight them. In this study, we report a potent combination of linezolid and polymyxin B nonapeptide PBNP (LP) against KP infection in vitro and in vivo. The checkerboard test and the time-kill assay were performed to detect the antibacterial activity of LP against KP in vitro. And the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was used as infection model to evaluate the protective effect of LP against KP infection in vivo. The LP combination showed significantly synergistic activity and antibacterial effects against KP, while linezolid and PBNP as monotherapies revealed no dramatically antibacterial activity against the KP strains. Additionally, we found that the LP treatment altered the biofilm production and morphology of KP. Furthermore, the LP treatments significantly protected C. elegans from KP infection. In conclusion, this study indicated that the LP combination exhibited significantly synergistic activity against KP and PBNP can be used as a potential activity enhancer. More importantly, this strategy provided the improvement of antibacterial activity spectrum of agents like linezolid and represented a potent alternative to overcome antibiotic resistance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Lv
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiafu Lin
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kelei Zhao
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longfei Zhai
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinrong Wang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiwen Chu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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Tai Y, Chen J, Tao Z, Ren J. Non-coding RNAs: New players in mitophagy and neurodegeneration. Neurochem Int 2021; 152:105253. [PMID: 34864089 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitophagy controls mitochondrial quality to maintain cellular homeostasis, while aberrations in this process are responsible for neurodegenerative diseases. Mitophagy is initiated through the recruitment of autophagosomes in a ubiquitin-dependent or ubiquitin-independent manner under different stress conditions. Although the detailed molecular mechanisms of how mitophagy processes influence neurodegeneration remain largely uncharacterized, there is mounting evidence indicating that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), a variety of endogenous regulators, including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, extensively participate in mitophagy processes and play pivotal roles in the aging process and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we reviewed the major mitophagy pathways modulated by some classical and newly found ncRNAs and summarized the diverse mechanisms in a regulatory network. We also discussed the generalizability of ncRNAs in the development of common neurodegenerative diseases related to proteotoxicity and the importance of mitophagy in the pathogenesis of these diseases. In summary, we propose that ncRNAs act as linkers between mitophagy and neurodegeneration, showing the potential therapeutic application of mitophagy regulation mediated by ncRNAs in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusi Tai
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhouteng Tao
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jin Ren
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Non-Coding RNAs and Reactive Oxygen Species–Symmetric Players of the Pathogenesis Associated with Bacterial and Viral Infections. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13071307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections can be triggered by a wide range of pathogens. However, there are few strains of bacteria that cause illness, but some are quite life-threatening. Likewise, viral infections are responsible for many human diseases, usually characterized by high contagiousness. Hence, as bacterial and viral infections can both cause similar symptoms, it can be difficult to determine the exact cause of a specific infection, and this limitation is critical. However, recent scientific advances have geared us up with the proper tools required for better diagnoses. Recent discoveries have confirmed the involvement of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in regulating the pathogenesis of certain bacterial or viral infections. Moreover, the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is also known as a common infection trait that can be used to achieve a more complete description of such pathogen-driven conditions. Thus, this opens further research opportunities, allowing scientists to explore infection-associated genetic patterns and develop better diagnosis and treatment methods. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of the implication of ncRNAs and ROS in bacterial and viral infections, with great emphasis on their symmetry but, also, on their main differences.
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