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Wang L, Deng Z, Li Y, Wu Y, Yao R, Cao Y, Wang M, Zhou F, Zhu H, Kang H. Ameliorative effects of mesenchymal stromal cells on senescence associated phenotypes in naturally aged rats. J Transl Med 2024; 22:722. [PMID: 39103873 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05486-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is a multifaceted process that affects all organ systems. With the increasing trend of population aging, aging-related diseases have resulted in significant medical challenges and socioeconomic burdens. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), due to their antioxidative stress, immunoregulatory, and tissue repair capabilities, hold promise as a potential anti-aging intervention. METHODS In this study, we transplanted MSCs into naturally aged rats at 24 months, and subsequently examined levels of aging-related factors such as β-galactosidase, superoxide dismutase, p16, p21 and malondialdehyde in multiple organs. Additionally, we assessed various aging-related phenotypes in these aged rats, including immune senescence, lipid deposition, myocardial fibrosis, and tissue damage. We also conducted a 16 S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) analysis to study the composition of gut microbiota. RESULTS The results indicated that MSCs significantly reduced the levels of aging-associated and oxidative stress-related factors in multiple organs such as the heart, liver, and lungs of naturally aging rats. Furthermore, they mitigated chronic tissue damage and inflammation caused by aging, reduced levels of liver lipid deposition and myocardial fibrosis, alleviated aging-associated immunodeficiency and immune cell apoptosis, and positively influenced the gut microbiota composition towards a more youthful state. This research underscores the diverse anti-aging effects of MSCs, including oxidative stress reduction, tissue repair, metabolic regulation, and improvement of immune functions, shedding light on the underlying anti-aging mechanisms associated with MSCs. CONCLUSIONS The study confirms that MSCs hold great promise as a potential anti-aging approach, offering the possibility of extending lifespan and improving the quality of life in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zihui Deng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Graduate School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yiqi Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Renqi Yao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050004, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Feihu Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hanyu Zhu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China.
- Department of Nephrology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Hongjun Kang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Aphale P, Sanap A, Sharma D, Kharat A, Kheur S, Gawade C, Somasundaram I, Bhonde R. Stem Cell Secretome Modulated by Arsenicum album 30C Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-induced Cytokine Storm in Blood Mononuclear Cells in vitro. HOMEOPATHY 2024; 113:132-141. [PMID: 38061387 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapeutic effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secretome can be enhanced by means of physical, chemical and biological preconditioning. Arsenicum album 30C (AA30) has been one of the leading homeopathic medicines used in prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2 infection. AIMS This study aimed to investigate whether AA30 preconditioning could influence the growth factors and cytokine profile of the human dental pulp-derived MSC (DPD-MSC) secretome. Also, to test the efficacy of the AA30-preconditioned DPD-MSC secretome in ameliorating the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine storm in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as an in-vitro cellular model. METHODS The cytotoxicity of AA30 was assessed in DPD-MSCs by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Growth factors and cytokine levels in the AA30-preconditioned DPD-MSC secretome were analysed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. The angiogenic potential of the AA30-preconditioned DPD-MSC secretome was assessed by chick yolk-sac membrane (YSM) assay. Culture medium with 0.001% ethanol was used as vehicle control. The efficacy of the AA30-preconditioned DPD-MSC secretome in ameliorating the cytokine storm was assessed in LPS pre-treated PBMCs. The mRNA and protein expression of inflammatory markers such as IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 were analysed by using RT-PCR and FACS analysis respectively. RESULTS AA30 did not exhibit cytotoxicity in the concentration range of 1% to 50%. Furthermore, the AA30-preconditioned DPD-MSC secretome exhibited a significant increase in the levels of angiogenic factors, such as human angiopoietin-2, EPO and PDGF-AA, and decreased levels of cytokines, such as TNF-α, CXCL-8 and IL-6. The AA30-preconditioned DPD-MSC secretome showed augmented angiogenesis compared to vehicle controls. The DPD-MSC secretome ameliorated LPS-induced mRNA and protein expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 in PBMCs. CONCLUSION The AA30-preconditioned DPD-MSC secretome augmented angiogenesis and ameliorated the LPS-induced cytokine storm in human PBMCs in vitro. Our data demonstrate that AA30 preconditioning enhances the therapeutic potency of MSCs and their secretome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parth Aphale
- Dr D. Y. Patil Homeopathic Medical College and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Avinash Sanap
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dharmendra Sharma
- Dr D. Y. Patil Homeopathic Medical College and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Avinash Kharat
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Supriya Kheur
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chinmay Gawade
- Dr D. Y. Patil Homeopathic Medical College and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Indumati Somasundaram
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Kolhapur Institute of Technology's College of Engineering, Kolhapur, India
| | - Ramesh Bhonde
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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3
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Hu H, Li H, Li R, Liu P, Liu H. Re-establishing immune tolerance in multiple sclerosis: focusing on novel mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell regulation of Th17/Treg balance. J Transl Med 2024; 22:663. [PMID: 39010157 PMCID: PMC11251255 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05450-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The T-helper 17 (Th17) cell and regulatory T cell (Treg) axis plays a crucial role in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS), which is regarded as an immune imbalance between pro-inflammatory cytokines and the maintenance of immune tolerance. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-mediated therapies have received increasing attention in MS research. In MS and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, MSC injection was shown to alter the differentiation of CD4+T cells. This alteration occurred by inducing anergy and reduction in the number of Th17 cells, stimulating the polarization of antigen-specific Treg to reverse the imbalance of the Th17/Treg axis, reducing the inflammatory cascade response and demyelination, and restoring an overall state of immune tolerance. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms by which MSCs regulate the balance between Th17 cells and Tregs, including extracellular vesicles, mitochondrial transfer, metabolic reprogramming, and autophagy. We aimed to identify new targets for MS treatment using cellular therapy by analyzing MSC-mediated Th17-to-Treg polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiru Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Ruoyu Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Peidong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
- Translational Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
- Translational Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
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Wang KH, Chang YH, Ding DC. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Ovarian Cancer Cell Proliferation via Cytokine Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6746. [PMID: 38928452 PMCID: PMC11203416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are key players in promoting ovarian cancer cell proliferation, orchestrated by the dynamic interplay between cytokines and their interactions with immune cells; however, the intricate crosstalk among BMSCs and cytokines has not yet been elucidated. Here, we aimed to investigate interactions between BMSCs and ovarian cancer cells. We established BMSCs with a characterized morphology, surface marker expression, and tri-lineage differentiation potential. Ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3) cultured with conditioned medium from BMSCs showed increased migration, invasion, and colony formation, indicating the role of the tumor microenvironment in influencing cancer cell behavior. BMSCs promoted SKOV3 tumorigenesis in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice, increasing tumor growth. The co-injection of BMSCs increased the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and GSK-3β in SKOV3 tumors. Co-culturing SKOV3 cells with BMSCs led to an increase in the expression of cytokines, especially MCP-1 and IL-6. These findings highlight the influence of BMSCs on ovarian cancer cell behavior and the potential involvement of specific cytokines in mediating these effects. Understanding these mechanisms will highlight potential therapeutic avenues that may halt ovarian cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Hung Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Hsun Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
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5
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Si H, Chen Y, Jiang K, Ma K, Ramsey E, Oakey J, Sun M, Jiang Z. Deterministic Single-Cell Encapsulation in PEG Norbornene Microgels for Promoting Anti-Inflammatory Response and Therapeutic Delivery of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304386. [PMID: 38373601 PMCID: PMC11246722 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering at single-cell resolution has enhanced therapeutic efficacy. Droplet microfluidics offers a powerful platform that allows deterministic single-cell encapsulation into aqueous droplets, yet the direct encapsulation of cells into microgels remains challenging. Here, the design of a microfluidic device that is capable of single-cell encapsulation within polyethylene glycol norbornene (PEGNB) hydrogels on-chip is reported. Cells are first ordered in media within a straight microchannel via inertial focusing, followed by the introduction of PEGNB solution from two separate, converging channels. Droplets are thoroughly mixed by passage through a serpentine channel, and microgels are formed by photo-photopolymerization. This platform uniquely enables both single-cell encapsulation and excellent cell viability post-photo-polymerization. More than 90% of singly encapsulated mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) remain alive for 7 days. Notably, singly encapsulated MSCs have elevated expression levels in genes that code anti-inflammatory cytokines, for example, IL-10 and TGF-β, thus enhancing the secretion of proteins of interest. Following injection into a mouse model with induced inflammation, singly encapsulated MSCs show a strong retention rate in vivo, reduce overall inflammation, and mitigate liver damage. These translational results indicate that deterministic single-cell encapsulation could find use in a broad spectrum of tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangjun Si
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning, 46000, China
| | - Yuanzhuo Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Kun Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning, 46000, China
| | - Ke Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning, 46000, China
| | - Edward Ramsey
- Sustainable Technology Research Centre, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning, 46000, China
| | - John Oakey
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Mingming Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zhongliang Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning, 46000, China
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Alavi-Dana SMM, Gholami Y, Meghdadi M, Fadaei MS, Askari VR. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for COVID-19 infection. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:319-334. [PMID: 38117433 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01394-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, spread worldwide rapidly, and caused millions of deaths in a short time. Many preclinical and clinical studies were performed to discover the most efficient therapy to reduce the mortality of COVID-19 patients. Among various approaches for preventing and treating COVID-19, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy can be regarded as a novel and efficient treatment for managing COVID-19 patients. In this review, we explain the pathogenesis of COVID-19 infection in humans and discuss the role of MSCs in suppressing the inflammation and cytokine storm produced by COVID-19. Then, we reviewed the clinical trial and systematic review studies that investigated the safety and efficacy of MSC therapy in the treatment of COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yazdan Gholami
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Meghdadi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saleh Fadaei
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Sq, Vakil Abad Highway, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Sq, Vakil Abad Highway, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran.
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Giallongo S, Duminuco A, Dulcamare I, Zuppelli T, La Spina E, Scandura G, Santisi A, Romano A, Di Raimondo F, Tibullo D, Palumbo GA, Giallongo C. Engagement of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Remodeling of the Bone Marrow Microenvironment in Hematological Cancers. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1701. [PMID: 38136573 PMCID: PMC10741414 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a subset of heterogeneous, non-hematopoietic fibroblast-like cells which play important roles in tissue repair, inflammation, and immune modulation. MSCs residing in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) functionally interact with hematopoietic stem progenitor cells regulating hematopoiesis. However, MSCs have also emerged in recent years as key regulators of the tumor microenvironment. Indeed, they are now considered active players in the pathophysiology of hematologic malignancies rather than passive bystanders in the hematopoietic microenvironment. Once a malignant event occurs, the BMME acquires cellular, molecular, and epigenetic abnormalities affecting tumor growth and progression. In this context, MSC behavior is affected by signals coming from cancer cells. Furthermore, it has been shown that stromal cells themselves play a major role in several hematological malignancies' pathogenesis. This bidirectional crosstalk creates a functional tumor niche unit wherein tumor cells acquire a selective advantage over their normal counterparts and are protected from drug treatment. It is therefore of critical importance to unveil the underlying mechanisms which activate a protumor phenotype of MSCs for defining the unmasked vulnerabilities of hematological cancer cells which could be pharmacologically exploited to disrupt tumor/MSC coupling. The present review focuses on the current knowledge about MSC dysfunction mechanisms in the BMME of hematological cancers, sustaining tumor growth, immune escape, and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Giallongo
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.G.); (G.A.P.); (C.G.)
| | - Andrea Duminuco
- Division of Hematology, AOU Policlinico, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Ilaria Dulcamare
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Tatiana Zuppelli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.Z.); (E.L.S.)
| | - Enrico La Spina
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.Z.); (E.L.S.)
| | - Grazia Scandura
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (A.R.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Annalisa Santisi
- Division of Hematology, AOU Policlinico, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Alessandra Romano
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (A.R.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Francesco Di Raimondo
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (A.R.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Daniele Tibullo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.Z.); (E.L.S.)
| | - Giuseppe A. Palumbo
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.G.); (G.A.P.); (C.G.)
| | - Cesarina Giallongo
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.G.); (G.A.P.); (C.G.)
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Ei ZZ, Mutirangura A, Arunmanee W, Chanvorachote P. The Role of Box A of HMGB1 in Enhancing Stem Cell Properties of Human Mesenchymal Cells: A Novel Approach for the Pursuit of Anti-aging Therapy. In Vivo 2023; 37:2006-2017. [PMID: 37652483 PMCID: PMC10500522 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Box A is a highly conserved DNA-binding domain of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and has been shown to reverse senescence and aging features in many cell models. We investigated whether the activation of box A can influence stem cell properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human dermal papilla (DP) cells and primary human white pre-adipocytes (HWPc) were employed as mesenchymal cell models. Box A-overexpressing plasmids were used to induce cellular box A expression. mRNA and protein levels of stemness markers POU class 5 homeobox 1 pseudogene 5 (OCT4, HGNC: 9221), Nanog homeobox (NANOG, HGNC: 20857), and SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2, HGNC:11195) in DP cells and HWPc were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence analysis, respectively. RESULTS Transfection efficiency of box A-overexpressing plasmid was 80% and 50% in DP cells and HWPc, respectively. The proliferative rate of both cell types significantly increased 72 h after transfection. Levels of OCT4, NANOG and SOX2 mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased in box A-transfected DP cells and HWPc compared to empty plasmid-transfected cells. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed the induction of OCT4, NANOG and SOX2 protein expression in response to box A in DP cells and HWPc. OCT4 and SOX2 were expressed in both the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments, while NANOG was intensely located in the nucleus of box A-transfected cells. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that box A may potentially enhance stemness, which may have significant benefits in improving stem cell function due to aging processes and disease. This research may have implications for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zin Zin Ei
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Mutirangura
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wanatchaporn Arunmanee
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Soetjahjo B, Malueka RG, Nurudhin A, Purwoko, Sumardi, Wisaksana R, Adhiputri A, Sudadi, Soeroto AY, Sidharta BRA, Thobari JA, Murni TW, Soewondo W, Herningtyas EH, Sudjud RW, Trisnawati I, Ananda NR, Faried A. Effectiveness and safety of normoxic allogenic umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells administered as adjunctive treatment in patients with severe COVID-19. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12520. [PMID: 37532730 PMCID: PMC10397314 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39268-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory response in COVID-19 contributes greatly to disease severity. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have the potential to alleviate inflammation and reduce mortality and length of stay in COVID-19 patients. We investigated the safety and effectiveness of normoxic-allogenic umbilical cord (NA-UC)-MSCs as an adjunctive treatment in severe COVID-19 patients. A double-blind, multicentric, randomized, placebo-controlled trial involving severe COVID-19 patients was performed from January to June 2021 in three major hospitals across Java, Indonesia. Eligible participants (n = 42) were randomly assigned to two groups (1:1), namely the intervention (n = 21) and control (n = 21) groups. UC-MSCs dose was 1 × 106 /kg body weight on day D0, D3, and D6. The primary outcome was the duration of hospitalization. Meanwhile, the secondary outcomes were radiographical progression (Brixia score), respiratory and oxygenation parameters, and inflammatory markers, in addition to the safety profile of NA-UC-MSCs. NA-UC-MSCs administration did not affect the length of hospital stay of severe COVID-19 patients, nor did it improve the Brixia score or mMRC dyspnoea scale better than placebo. Nevertheless, NA-UC-MSCs led to a better recuperation in oxygenation index (120.80 ± 72.70 baseline vs. 309.63 ± 319.30 D + 22, p = 0.038) and oxygen saturation (97.24 ± 4.10% vs. 96.19 ± 3.75% in placebo, p = 0.028). Additionally, compared to the placebo group, the treatment group had a significantly smaller increase in PCT level at D + 22 (1.43 vs. 12.76, p = 0.011). No adverse effects, including serious ones, were recorded until D + 91. NA-UC-MSCs therapy is a very safe adjunct for COVID-19 patients. It improves the oxygenation profile and carries potential to suppress inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bintang Soetjahjo
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Universitas Sebelas Maret-Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Solo, Indonesia
| | - Rusdy Ghazali Malueka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada-Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Arief Nurudhin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret-Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Solo, Indonesia
| | - Purwoko
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Universitas Sebelas Maret-Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Solo, Indonesia
| | - Sumardi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada-Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rudi Wisaksana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran-Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Artrien Adhiputri
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret-Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Solo, Indonesia
| | - Sudadi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada-Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Arto Yuwono Soeroto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran-Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | | | - Jarir At Thobari
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tri Wahyu Murni
- Department of Surgery, Universitas Padjadjaran-Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Widiastuti Soewondo
- Department of Radiology, Universitas Sebelas Maret-Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Solo, Indonesia
| | - Elizabeth Henny Herningtyas
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada-Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Reza Widianto Sudjud
- Department of Anesthesiology-Intensive Therapy, Universitas Padjadjaran-Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ika Trisnawati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada-Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nur Rahmi Ananda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada-Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Faried
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitas Padjadjaran - Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia.
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10
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Mallis P. Exploring the Immunomodulatory Properties of Stem Cells in Combating COVID-19: Can We Expect More? Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:803. [PMID: 37508830 PMCID: PMC10376782 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10070803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the first appearance of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019, the disease has displayed a remarkable interindividual variability in the global population, resulting in different mortality and morbidity rates. Still, an effective cure against SARS-CoV-2 has not been developed, and therefore, alternative therapeutic protocols must also be evaluated. Considering that stem cells, especially Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs), are characterized by both regenerative and immunomodulatory properties and that their safety and tolerability have been investigated previously, these cells could potentially be applied against coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). In addition, an individual's genetic background is further related to disease pathogenesis, especially rare Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEIs), autoantibodies against Interferon type I, and the presence of different Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) alleles, which are actively associated with protection or susceptibility in relation to SARS-CoV-2. Herein, the use of MSCs as a potential stem cell therapy will require a deep understanding of their immunomodulatory properties associated with their HLA alleles. In such a way, HLA-restricted MSC lines can be developed and applied precisely, offering more solutions to clinicians in attenuating the mortality of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Mallis
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece
- Immunology Department & National Tissue Typing Center, General Hospital of Athens "Gennimatas", 154 Mesogeion Ave., 115 27 Athens, Greece
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11
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Bellei B, Migliano E, Picardo M. Therapeutic potential of adipose tissue-derivatives in modern dermatology. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1837-1852. [PMID: 35102608 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-mediated therapies in combination with biomaterial and growth factor-based approaches in regenerative medicine are rapidly evolving with increasing application beyond the dermatologic field. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are the more frequently used adult stem cells due to their abundance and easy access. In the case of volumetric defects, adipose tissue can take the shape of defects, restoring the volume and enhancing the regeneration of receiving tissue. When regenerative purposes prevail on volume restoration, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) rich in staminal cells, purified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or their cell-free derivatives grafting are favoured. The therapeutic efficacy of acellular approaches is explained by the fact that a significant part of the natural propensity of stem cells to repair damaged tissue is ascribable to their secretory activity that combines mitogenic factors, cytokines, chemokines and extracellular matrix components. Therefore, the secretome's ability to modulate multiple targets simultaneously demonstrated preclinical and clinical efficacy in reversing pathological mechanisms of complex conditions such atopic dermatitis (AD), vitiligo, psoriasis, acne and Lichen sclerosus (LS), non-resolving wounds and alopecia. This review analysing both in vivo and in vitro models gives an overview of the clinical relevance of adipose tissue-derivatives such as autologous fat graft, stromal vascular fraction, purified stem cells and secretome for skin disorders application. Finally, we highlighted the major disease-specific limitations and the future perspective in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilia Migliano
- Department of Plastic and Regenerative Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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12
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Antigen-Specific T Cells and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Current Approaches and Future Possibilities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315122. [PMID: 36499448 PMCID: PMC9737069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19, a significant global health threat, appears to be an immune-related disease. Failure of effective immune responses in initial stages of infection may contribute to development of cytokine storm and systemic inflammation with organ damage, leading to poor clinical outcomes. Disease severity and the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants highlight the need for new preventative and therapeutic strategies to protect the immunocompromised population. Available data indicate that these people may benefit from adoptive transfer of allogeneic SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells isolated from convalescent individuals. This review first provides an insight into the mechanism of cytokine storm development, as it is directly related to the exhaustion of T cell population, essential for viral clearance and long-term antiviral immunity. Next, we describe virus-specific T lymphocytes as a promising and efficient approach for the treatment and prevention of severe COVID-19. Furthermore, other potential cell-based therapies, including natural killer cells, regulatory T cells and mesenchymal stem cells are mentioned. Additionally, we discuss fast and effective ways of producing clinical-grade antigen-specific T cells which can be cryopreserved and serve as an effective "off-the-shelf" approach for rapid treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection in case of sudden patient deterioration.
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13
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Cao C, Zhang L, Liu F, Shen J. Therapeutic Benefits of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Potential Mechanisms and Challenges. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:5235-5246. [PMID: 36120184 PMCID: PMC9473549 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s372046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) presents as a form of acute respiratory failure resulting from non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema due to excessive alveolocapillary permeability, which may be pulmonary or systemic in origin. In the last 3 years, the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has resulted in an increase in ARDS cases and highlighted the challenges associated with this syndrome, as well as the unacceptably high mortality rates and lack of effective treatments. Currently, clinical treatment remains primarily supportive, including mechanical ventilation and drug-based therapy. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapies are emerging as a promising intervention in patients with ARDS and have promising therapeutic effects and safety. The therapeutic mechanisms include modifying the immune response and assisting with tissue repair. This review provides an overview of the general properties of MSCs and outlines their role in mitigating lung injury and promoting tissue repair in ARDS. Finally, we summarize the current challenges in the study of translational MSC research and identify avenues by which the discipline may progress in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Cao
- Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Shen
- Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Center of Emergency and Critical Medicine in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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14
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Manoharan R, Kore RA, Mehta JL. Mesenchymal stem cell treatment for hyperactive immune response in patients with COVID-19. Immunotherapy 2022; 14:1055-1065. [PMID: 35855633 PMCID: PMC9298490 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2021-0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The human immune system protects the body against invasive organisms and kicks into a hyperactive mode in COVID-19 patients, particularly in those who are critically sick. Therapeutic regimens directed at the hyperactive immune system have been found to be effective in the treatment of patients with COVID-19. An evolving potential treatment option is therapy with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) due to their regenerative and reparative ability in epithelial cells. Clinical trials have reported the safe usage of MSC therapy. Systemic effects of MSC treatment have included a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines and a decrease in the levels of CRP, IL-6, and lactase dehydrogenase, which function as independent biomarkers for COVID-19 mortality and respiratory failure. Treatment of COVID-19 is becoming increasingly difficult because of new variants, such as Delta, and more recently Omicron. Each virus variant becomes smarter at being able to evade the body’s immune system, vaccines and drug treatments. The biggest challenge in treating COVID-19 is when the body’s immune system starts to become hyperactive. In such a scenario, the immune system releases the compounds that are supposed to be released in small doses all at once. Thus, overwhelming the body and causing many complications. One possible solution to this is the mesenchymal stem cell. Multiple clinical trials have shown that mesenchymal stem cells can heal all different cell types in the body and stop the hyperactive immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragul Manoharan
- School of Medicine, St George's University, St George, Grenada, West Indies
| | - Rajshekhar A Kore
- Division of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences & The Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Little Rock, AR 72205-5484, USA
| | - Jawahar L Mehta
- Division of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences & The Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Little Rock, AR 72205-5484, USA
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15
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Satilmis B, Cicek GS, Cicek E, Akbulut S, Sahin TT, Yilmaz S. Adipose-derived stem cells in the treatment of hepatobiliary diseases and sepsis. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:4348-4356. [PMID: 35663078 PMCID: PMC9125284 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i14.4348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Determination of the mesenchymal stem cells is one of the greatest and most exciting achievements that tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have achieved. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSC) are easily isolated and cultured for a long time before losing their stem cell characteristics, which are self-renewal and pluripotency. AD-MSC are mesenchymal stem cells that have pluripotent lineage characteristics. They are easily accessible, and the fraction of stem cells in the adipose tissue lysates is highest among all other sources of mesenchymal stem cells. It is also HLA-DR negative and can be transplanted allogenically without the need for immunosuppression. These advantages have popularized its use in many fields including plastic reconstructive surgery. However, in the field of hepatology and liver transplantation, the progress is slower. AD-MSC have the potential to modulate inflammation, ameliorate ischemia-reperfusion injury, and support liver and biliary tract regeneration. These are very important for the treatment of various hepatobiliary diseases. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory potential of these cells has paramount importance in the treatment of sepsis. We need alternative therapeutic approaches to treat end-stage liver failure. AD-MSC can provide a means of therapy to bridge to definitive therapeutic alternatives such as liver transplantation. Here we propose to review theoretic applications of AD-MSC in the treatment of hepatobiliary diseases and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basri Satilmis
- Hepatology Research Laboratory, Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
| | - Gizem Selen Cicek
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Malatya Training and Research Hospital, Malatya 44000, Yesilyurt, Turkey
| | - Egemen Cicek
- Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
| | - Sami Akbulut
- Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
| | - Tevfik Tolga Sahin
- Hepatology Research Laboratory, Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
- Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
| | - Sezai Yilmaz
- Hepatology Research Laboratory, Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
- Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Battalgazi, Turkey
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16
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Investigating the Immunomodulatory Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cell Cultured on Decellularized Bladder Hydrogel towards Macrophage Response In Vitro. Gels 2022; 8:gels8030187. [PMID: 35323300 PMCID: PMC8954673 DOI: 10.3390/gels8030187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess immunomodulatory properties and capacity for endogenous regeneration. Therefore, MSC therapy is a promising treatment strategy for COVID-19. However, the cells cannot stay in the lung long enough to exert their function. The extracellular matrix from porcine bladders (B-ECM) has been shown not only to regulate cellular activities but also to possess immunoregulatory characteristics. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that B-ECM hydrogel could be an excellent scaffold for MSCs to grow and could anchor MSCs long enough in the lung so that they can exhibit their immunomodulatory functions. In this study, ECM degradation products and a co-culture system of MSCs and macrophages were developed to study the immunomodulatory properties of ECM and MSCs under septic conditions. The results showed that B-ECM degradation products could decrease pro-inflammatory and increase anti-inflammatory cytokines from macrophages. In an in vivo mimicking co-culture system, MSCs cultured on B-ECM hydrogel exhibited immunomodulatory properties at both gene and protein levels. Both B-ECM degradation products and MSC conditioned medium supported the wound healing of alveolar epithelial cells. The results from the study could offer a basis for investigation of immunomodulation by ECM and MSCs before conducting in vivo experiments, which could later be applied in regenerative medicine.
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17
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Bellei B, Migliano E, Picardo M. Research update of adipose tissue-based therapies in regenerative dermatology. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1956-1973. [PMID: 35230644 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10328-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have a spontaneous propensity to support tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Among the several sources of MSCs, adipose-derived tissue stem cells (ADSCs) have received major interest due to the higher mesenchymal stem cells concentration, ease, and safety of access. However, since a significant part of the natural capacity of ADSCs to repair damaged tissue is ascribable to their secretory activity that combines mitogenic factors, cytokines, chemokines, lipids, and extracellular matrix components, several studies focused on cell-free strategies. Furthermore, adipose cell-free derivatives are becoming more attractive especially for non-volumizing purposes, such as most dermatological conditions. However, when keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes, adipocytes, and hair follicle cells might not be locally sourced, graft of materials containing concentrated ADSCs is preferred. The usage of extracellular elements of adipose tissue aims to promote a self-autonomous regenerative microenvironment in the receiving area restoring physiological homeostasis. Hence, ADSCs or their paracrine activity are currently being studied in several dermatological settings including wound healing, skin fibrosis, burn, and aging.The present work analyzing both preclinical and clinical experiences gives an overview of the efficacy of adipose tissue-derivatives like autologous fat, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), purified ADSCs, secretome and extracellular matrix graft in the field of regenerative medicine for the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Emilia Migliano
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
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18
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Self-Control of Inflammation during Tail Regeneration of Lizards. J Dev Biol 2021; 9:jdb9040048. [PMID: 34842738 PMCID: PMC8629022 DOI: 10.3390/jdb9040048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lizards can spontaneously regenerate their lost tail without evoking excessive inflammation at the damaged site. In contrast, tissue/organ injury of its mammalian counterparts results in wound healing with a formation of a fibrotic scar due to uncontrolled activation of inflammatory responses. Unveiling the mechanism of self-limited inflammation occurring in the regeneration of a lizard tail will provide clues for a therapeutic alternative to tissue injury. The present review provides an overview of aspects of rapid wound healing and roles of antibacterial peptides, effects of leukocytes on the tail regeneration, self-blocking of the inflammatory activation in leukocytes, as well as inflammatory resistance of blastemal cells or immature somatic cells during lizard tail regeneration. These mechanistic insights of self-control of inflammation during lizard tail regeneration may lead in the future to the development of therapeutic strategies to fight injury-induced inflammation.
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19
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Sanie-Jahromi F, NejatyJahromy Y, Jahromi RR. A Review on the Role of Stem Cells against SARS-CoV-2 in Children and Pregnant Women. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11787. [PMID: 34769218 PMCID: PMC8584228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the COVID-19 outbreak was acknowledged by the WHO on 30 January 2020, much research has been conducted to unveil various features of the responsible SARS-CoV-2 virus. Different rates of contagion in adults, children, and pregnant women may guide us to understand the underlying infection conditions of COVID-19. In this study, we first provide a review of recent reports of COVID-19 clinical outcomes in children and pregnant women. We then suggest a mechanism that explains the curious case of COVID-19 in children/pregnant women. The unique stem cell molecular signature, as well as the very low expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and the lower ACE/ACE2 ratio in stem cells of children/pregnant women compared to adults might be the cause of milder symptoms of COVID-19 in them. This study provides the main molecular keys on how stem cells can function properly and exert their immunomodulatory and regenerative effects in COVID-19-infected children/pregnant women, while failing to replicate their role in adults. This can lay the groundwork for both predicting the pattern of spread and severity of the symptoms in a population and designing novel stem cell-based treatment and prevention strategies for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sanie-Jahromi
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134997446, Iran;
| | - Yaser NejatyJahromy
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53012 Bonn, Germany
| | - Rahim Raoofi Jahromi
- Department of Infectious Disease, Peymanieh Hospital, Jahrom University of Medical Science, Jahrom 7414846199, Iran
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