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Wang Y, Li C, Wu F, Mao J, Zhu J, Xie H, Zhou X, Wen C, Tian J. The negative effects of extracellular vesicles in the immune system. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1410273. [PMID: 39372421 PMCID: PMC11449741 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1410273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunity is a critical self-defense mechanism of the human body, wherein immune cells and immune molecules play a crucial role. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), derived from immune cells or other cells, play a significant role in tumors, autoimmune diseases and other immune-related disorders by serving as carriers and facilitating intercellular communication through the transfer of cargoes. Numerous studies have revealed that EVs can exacerbate disease development by modulating immune responses. Therefore, this paper focuses on the effects of EVs on the number, activity and function of different types of immune cells and the release of immune molecules (such as cytokines, antigens, antibodies, etc) in various diseases, as well as the roles of EVs associated with different types of immune cells in various diseases. We aim to provide a comprehensive review of the negative effects that EVs play in the immune system to provide more ideas and strategies for the management of clinical immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cuifang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feifeng Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jueyi Mao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junquan Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haotian Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chuan Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jidong Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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KAWARA TAKETO, INOUE KOJI, SHIOZAWA SHUNICHI, OSAWA KAYO, KOMAI KOICHIRO. Genetic Rare Variants Affecting Multiple Pathways in Japanese Patients with Palindromic Rheumatism. THE KOBE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 70:E26-E38. [PMID: 38719338 PMCID: PMC11086632 DOI: 10.24546/0100489391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Palindromic rheumatism (PR) is a type of cryptogenic paroxysmal arthritis. Several genes may be involved in PR pathogenesis; however, conducting comprehensive case-control genetic studies for PR poses challenges owing to its rarity as a disease. Moreover, case-control studies may overlook rare variants that occur infrequently but play a significant role in pathogenesis. This study aimed to identify disease-related genes in Japanese patients with PR using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and rare-variant analysis. Genomic DNA was obtained from two familial cases and one sporadic case, and it was subjected to WGS. WGS data of 104 healthy individuals obtained from a public database were used as controls. We performed data analysis for rare variants on detected variants using SKAT-O, KBAC, and SKAT, and subsequently defined significant genes. Significant genes combined with variants shared between the cases were defined as disease-related genes. We also performed pathway analysis for disease-related genes using Reactome. We identified 2,695,244 variants shared between cases; after excluding polymorphisms and noise, 74,640 variants were detected. We identified 540 disease-related genes, including 1,893 variants. Furthermore, we identified 32 significant pathways. Our results indicate that the detected genes and pathways in this study may be involved in PR pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- TAKETO KAWARA
- Division of Medical Biophysics, Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - KOJI INOUE
- Shichikawa Arthritis Research Center, Osaka Rehabilitation Hospital, Hannan, Japan
| | | | - KAYO OSAWA
- Department of Medical Technology, Kobe Tokiwa University, Kobe, Japan
| | - KOICHIRO KOMAI
- Division of Medical Biophysics, Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
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3
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Kawasaki T, Takeda Y, Edahiro R, Shirai Y, Nogami-Itoh M, Matsuki T, Kida H, Enomoto T, Hara R, Noda Y, Adachi Y, Niitsu T, Amiya S, Yamaguchi Y, Murakami T, Kato Y, Morita T, Yoshimura H, Yamamoto M, Nakatsubo D, Miyake K, Shiroyama T, Hirata H, Adachi J, Okada Y, Kumanogoh A. Next-generation proteomics of serum extracellular vesicles combined with single-cell RNA sequencing identifies MACROH2A1 associated with refractory COVID-19. Inflamm Regen 2022; 42:53. [PMID: 36451245 PMCID: PMC9709739 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00243-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is widespread; however, accurate predictors of refractory cases have not yet been established. Circulating extracellular vesicles, involved in many pathological processes, are ideal resources for biomarker exploration. METHODS To identify potential serum biomarkers and examine the proteins associated with the pathogenesis of refractory COVID-19, we conducted high-coverage proteomics on serum extracellular vesicles collected from 12 patients with COVID-19 at different disease severity levels and 4 healthy controls. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from 10 patients with COVID-19 and 5 healthy controls was performed. RESULTS Among the 3046 extracellular vesicle proteins that were identified, expression of MACROH2A1 was significantly elevated in refractory cases compared to non-refractory cases; moreover, its expression was increased according to disease severity. In single-cell RNA sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the expression of MACROH2A1 was localized to monocytes and elevated in critical cases. Consistently, single-nucleus RNA sequencing of lung tissues revealed that MACROH2A1 was highly expressed in monocytes and macrophages and was significantly elevated in fatal COVID-19. Moreover, molecular network analysis showed that pathways such as "estrogen signaling pathway," "p160 steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) signaling pathway," and "transcriptional regulation by STAT" were enriched in the transcriptome of monocytes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lungs, and they were also commonly enriched in extracellular vesicle proteomics. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight that MACROH2A1 in extracellular vesicles is a potential biomarker of refractory COVID-19 and may reflect the pathogenesis of COVID-19 in monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kawasaki
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Laboratory of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yoshito Takeda
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Ryuya Edahiro
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yuya Shirai
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Mari Nogami-Itoh
- grid.482562.fLaboratory of Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085 Japan
| | - Takanori Matsuki
- grid.416803.80000 0004 0377 7966Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Osaka Toneyama Medical Center, 5-1-1 Toneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8552 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kida
- grid.416803.80000 0004 0377 7966Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Osaka Toneyama Medical Center, 5-1-1 Toneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8552 Japan
| | - Takatoshi Enomoto
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Reina Hara
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yoshimi Noda
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yuichi Adachi
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Takayuki Niitsu
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Saori Amiya
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yuta Yamaguchi
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Teruaki Murakami
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kato
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Takayoshi Morita
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Hanako Yoshimura
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Makoto Yamamoto
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakatsubo
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Kotaro Miyake
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Takayuki Shiroyama
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Haruhiko Hirata
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Jun Adachi
- grid.482562.fLaboratory of Proteomics for Drug Discovery, Center for Drug Design Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8, Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Laboratory of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Center for Infectious Diseases for Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Japan ,grid.480536.c0000 0004 5373 4593Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS (CAMaD), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Delcorte O, Degosserie J, Pierreux CE. Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Thyroid Physiology and Diseases: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102585. [PMID: 36289847 PMCID: PMC9599682 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are spherical subcellular structures delimited by a lipid bilayer and released by most cells in the human body. They are loaded with a myriad of molecules (i.e., nucleic acids and proteins) depending on their cell of origin and provide the ability to transmit a message to surrounding or distant target cells. In several organs, including the thyroid, abundant recent literature reports that extracellular vesicles are responsible for intercellular communication in physiological and pathological processes, and that their utilization as a potential biomarker of pathological states (i.e., cancer, autoimmune diseases) or as therapeutic delivery vehicles promise clinical options. In this review, we present the current knowledge and understanding regarding the role of extracellular vesicles in developing thyroid diseases and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Delcorte
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| | - Jonathan Degosserie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Molecular Diagnostic Center, CHU UCL Namur, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
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Mo C, Zhao J, Liang J, Wang H, Chen Y, Huang G. Exosomes: A novel insight into traditional Chinese medicine. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:844782. [PMID: 36105201 PMCID: PMC9465299 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.844782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles and play an essential role in the mediation of intercellular communication both in health and disease. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has historically been used to maintain human health and treat various diseases up till today. The interplay between exosomes and TCM has attracted researchers’ growing attention. By integrating the available evidence, TCM formulas and compounds isolated from TCM as exosome modulators have beneficial effects on multiple disorders, such as tumors, kidney diseases, and hepatic disease, which may associate with inhibiting cells proliferation, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and attenuating fibrosis. Exosomes, a natural delivery system, are essential in delivering compounds isolated from TCM to target cells or tissues. Moreover, exosomes may be the potential biomarkers for TCM syndromes, providing strategies for TCM treatment. These findings may provide a novel insight into TCM from exosomes and serve as evidence for better understanding and development of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Mo
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jingyan Liang
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Guodong Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Guodong Huang,
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Chen Y, Dong B, Huang L, Zhou J, Huang H. Research progress on the role and mechanism of action of exosomes in autoimmune thyroid disease. Int Rev Immunol 2022; 42:334-346. [PMID: 35353670 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2022.2057482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are widely distributed extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are currently a major research hotspot for researchers based on their wide range of sources, stable membrane structure, low immunogenicity, and containing a variety of biomolecules. A large number of literatures have shown that exosomes and exosome cargoes (especially microRNAs) play an important role in the activation of inflammation, development of tumor, differentiation of cells, regulation of immunity and so on. Studies have found that exosomes can stimulate the immune response of the body and participate in the occurrence and development of various diseases, including autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, the potential of exosomes as therapeutic tools in various diseases has also attracted much attention. Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases, mainly composed of Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), which affects the health of many people and has a genetic predisposition, but its pathogenesis is still being explored. Starting from the relevant biological characteristics of exosomes, this review summarizes the current research status of exosomes and the association between exosomes and some diseases, with a focus on the situation of AITD and the potential role of exosomes (including substances in their vesicles) in AITD in combination with the current published literature, aiming to provide new directions for the pathogenesis, diagnosis or therapy of AITD.Supplemental data for this article is available online at.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Bingtian Dong
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lichun Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jingxiong Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Huibin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
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