1
|
Zhou R, Zhou J, Deng S, Zhu Y, Muhuitijiang B, Wu J, Tan W. Developing and experimental validating a B cell exhaustion-related gene signature to assess prognosis and immunotherapeutic response in bladder cancer. Gene 2024; 927:148634. [PMID: 38848880 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND B cell exhaustion (BEX) refers to the impairment of normal B cell functions and decreased proliferation capability. However, the prognostic value of BEX-related genes in bladder cancer (BLCA) remains unclear. METHODS BLCA cases from TCGA were used for training, while GSE5287, GSE13507, GSE31684, and GSE32894 cohorts from GEO were used for external validation. BEX-related genes were identified through literature retrieval, unsupervised clustering, and genomic difference detection. Gene pairing, LASSO, random forest, and Cox regression were employed to construct a predictive model. B cell samples from scRNAseqDB, GSE111636, and IMvigor210 were utilized to explore immunoprofiles and the predictive ability of the model in immunotherapeutic response. Additionally, 21 pairs of BLCA and paracarcinoma samples from Nanfang Hospital were used to re-confirm our findings through RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. RESULTS 39 BEX-related genes were identified. A 4-gene-pair signature was constructed and served as a reliable prognostic predictor across multiple datasets (pooled HR = 2.32; 95 % CI = 1.81-2.98). The signature reflected the BEX statuses of B cells (FDR < 0.05) and showed promise in evaluating immunotherapeutic sensitivity (P < 0.001). In the local cohort, CD52, TUBB6, and CAV1 were down-regulated in BLCA tissues, while TGFBI, UBE2L6, TINAGL1, and IL32 were up-regulated (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, the infiltration levels of CD19 + CD52 + and CD19 + TUBB6 + B cells in paracarcinoma samples were higher than those in BLCA samples (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION A BEX-related gene signature was developed to predict prognosis and immunotherapeutic sensitivity in BLCA, providing valuable guidance for personalized treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Shikai Deng
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuanchao Zhu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Bahaerguli Muhuitijiang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiaxu Wu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wanlong Tan
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Cao X, Yang C, Fan J, Zhang X, Wu X, Guo W, Sun S, Liu M, Zhang L, Li T. Ferroptosis and immunosenescence in colorectal cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 106-107:156-165. [PMID: 39419366 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 10/10/2024] [Accepted: 10/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), ranked as the globe's third leading malignancy. Despite advancements in therapeutic approaches, the mortality rate remains distressingly high for those afflicted with advanced stages of the disease. Ferroptosis is a programmed form of cell death. The ways of ferroptosis mainly include promoting the accumulation of cellular ROS and increasing the level of cellular Labile iron pool (LIP). Immunosenescence is characterized by a gradual deterioration of the immune system's ability to respond to pathogens and maintain surveillance against cancer cells. In CRC, this decline is exacerbated by the tumor microenvironment, which can suppress the immune response and promote tumor progression. This paper reviews the relationship between iron prolapse and immune senescence in colorectal cancer, focusing on the following aspects: firstly, the different pathways that induce iron prolapse in colorectal cancer; secondly, immune-immune senescence in colorectal cancer; and lastly, the interactions between immune senescence and iron prolapse in colorectal cancer, e.g., immune-immune senescent cells often exhibit increased oxidative stress, leading to the accumulation of ROS, and consequently to lipid peroxidation and induction of iron-induced cell death. At the same time, ferroptosis induces immune cell senescence as well as alterations in the immune microenvironment by promoting the death of damaged or diseased cells and leading to the inflammation usually associated with it. In conclusion, by exploring the potential targets of ferroptosis and immune senescence in colorectal cancer therapy, we hope to provide a reference for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Inpatient ward 8, General Surgery, Harbin Medical University Affiliated Second Hospital, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Xinran Cao
- Graduate School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Chunbaixue Yang
- Graduate School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Jianchun Fan
- Institute of Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Hebei 075000, China
| | - Xingmei Zhang
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610000, China.
| | - Xueliang Wu
- Institute of Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Hebei 075000, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China.
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Shoutian Sun
- Department of Emergency, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255024, China.
| | - Ming Liu
- General Surgery, Harbin Medical University Affiliated Fourth Hospital, Harbin 150000, China.
| | - Lifen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu N, Li J, Dai H, Liang X, Fan H. Involvement of SIRT1-mediated cellular immune response in cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 180:117482. [PMID: 39321514 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality of cancer are rising rapidly worldwide and immunotherapy has become an effective means to curb the progress of cancer. Sirtuin-1(SIRT1) is a NAD+ -dependent deacetylase that plays a key role in cancer development and immune regulation through mediating a variety of signaling pathways. Targeting SIRT1 in immunotherapy could enhance or erod immune responses against cancer cells, while SIRT1 activator and inhibitors are being developed as potential antineoplastic agents with important implications in clinic. This review summarizes the impact of SIRT1 in different types of immune cells and mechanism of SIRT1-mediated immune responses in tumor progression as well as its therapeutic perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Jiafang Li
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Hui Dai
- Department of Tumor and Blood Disease, the Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Xinyue Liang
- Departments of Hematology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Hongqiong Fan
- Departments of Hematology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kang K, Lin X, Chen P, Liu H, Liu F, Xiong W, Li G, Yi M, Li X, Wang H, Xiang B. T cell exhaustion in human cancers. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189162. [PMID: 39089484 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
T cell exhaustion refers to a progressive state in which T cells become functionally impaired due to sustained antigenic stimulation, which is characterized by increased expression of immune inhibitory receptors, but weakened effector functions, reduced self-renewal capacity, altered epigenetics, transcriptional programme and metabolism. T cell exhaustion is one of the major causes leading to immune escape of cancer, creating an environment that supports tumor development and metastatic spread. In addition, T cell exhaustion plays a pivotal role to the efficacy of current immunotherapies for cancer. This review aims to provide a comprehensive view of roles of T cell exhaustion in cancer development and progression. We summerized the regulatory mechanisms that involved in T cell exhaustion, including transcription factors, epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming events, and various microenvironmental factors such as cytokines, microorganisms, and tumor autocrine substances. The paper also discussed the challenges posed by T cell exhaustion to cancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies and chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy, highlightsing the obstacles encountered in ICB therapies and CAR-T therapies due to T cell exhaustion. Finally, the article provides an overview of current therapeutic options aimed to reversing or alleviating T cell exhaustion in ICB and CAR-T therapies. These therapeutic approaches seek to overcome T cell exhaustion and enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapies in treating tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Kang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Pan Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Huai Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Mei Yi
- Department of Dermatology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Infammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
| | - Bo Xiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China; FuRong Laboratory, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang Y, Chen X, Pan J, Ning H, Zhang Y, Bo Y, Ren X, Li J, Qin S, Wang D, Chen MM, Zhang Z. Pan-cancer single-cell dissection reveals phenotypically distinct B cell subtypes. Cell 2024; 187:4790-4811.e22. [PMID: 39047727 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Characterizing the compositional and phenotypic characteristics of tumor-infiltrating B cells (TIBs) is important for advancing our understanding of their role in cancer development. Here, we establish a comprehensive resource of human B cells by integrating single-cell RNA sequencing data of B cells from 649 patients across 19 major cancer types. We demonstrate substantial heterogeneity in their total abundance and subtype composition and observe immunoglobulin G (IgG)-skewness of antibody-secreting cell isotypes. Moreover, we identify stress-response memory B cells and tumor-associated atypical B cells (TAABs), two tumor-enriched subpopulations with prognostic potential, shared in a pan-cancer manner. In particular, TAABs, characterized by a high clonal expansion level and proliferative capacity as well as by close interactions with activated CD4 T cells in tumors, are predictive of immunotherapy response. Our integrative resource depicts distinct clinically relevant TIB subsets, laying a foundation for further exploration of functional commonality and diversity of B cells in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xueyan Chen
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jieying Pan
- Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Huiheng Ning
- Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Yaojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yufei Bo
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xianwen Ren
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiesheng Li
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shishang Qin
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Min-Min Chen
- Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China.
| | - Zemin Zhang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pérez-Pérez D, Fuentes-Pananá EM, Flores-Hermenegildo JM, Romero-Ramirez H, Santos-Argumedo L, Kilimann MW, Rodríguez-Alba JC, Lopez-Herrera G. Lipopolysaccharide-responsive beige-like anchor is involved in regulating NF-κB activation in B cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1409434. [PMID: 39076990 PMCID: PMC11284061 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1409434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lipopolysaccharide-responsive and beige-like anchor (LRBA) is a scaffolding protein that interacts with proteins such as CTLA-4 and PKA, the importance of which has been determined in various cell types, including T regulatory cells, B cells, and renal cells. LRBA deficiency is associated with an inborn error in immunity characterized by immunodeficiency and autoimmunity. In addition to defects in T regulatory cells, patients with LRBA deficiency also exhibit B cell defects, such as reduced cell number, low memory B cells, hypogammaglobulinemia, impaired B cell proliferation, and increased autophagy. Although Lrba-/- mice do not exhibit the immunodeficiency observed in humans, responses to B cell receptors (BCR) in B cells have not been explored. Therefore, a murine model is for elucidating the mechanism of Lrba mechanism in B cells. Aim To compare and evaluate spleen-derived B cell responses to BCR crosslinking in C57BL6 Lrba-/- and Lrba+/+ mice. Materials and methods Spleen-derived B cells were obtained from 8 to 12-week-old mice. Subpopulations were determined by immunostaining and flow cytometry. BCR crosslinking was assessed by the F(ab')2 anti-μ chain. Activation, proliferation and viability assays were performed using flow cytometry and protein phosphorylation was evaluated by immunoblotting. The nuclear localization of p65 was determined using confocal microscopy. Nur77 expression was evaluated by Western blot. Results Lrba-/- B cells showed an activated phenotype and a decreased proportion of transitional 1 B cells, and both proliferation and survival were affected after BCR crosslinking in the Lrba-/- mice. The NF-κB pathway exhibited a basal activation status of several components, resulting in increased activation of p50, p65, and IκBα, basal p50 activation was reduced by the Plcγ2 inhibitor U73122. BCR crosslinking in Lrba-/ - B cells resulted in poor p50 phosphorylation and p65 nuclear localization. Increased levels of Nur77 were detected. Discussion These results indicate the importance of Lrba in controlling NF-κB activation driven by BCR. Basal activation of NF-κB could impact cellular processes, such as, activation, differentiation, proliferation, and maintenance of B cells after antigen encounter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pérez-Pérez
- Doctorate Program in Biological Sciences, Autonomous National University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
- Immunodeficiency Laboratory, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - José Mizael Flores-Hermenegildo
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, CINVESTAV IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hector Romero-Ramirez
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, CINVESTAV IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leopoldo Santos-Argumedo
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, CINVESTAV IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Manfred W. Kilimann
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Alba
- Medicine and Surgery Faculty, Autonomous University Benito Juarez from Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Neuroimmunology and Neurooncology Unit, The National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery (NINN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gao XC, Zhou BH, Ji ZX, Li Q, Liu HN. Canopy FGF signaling regulator 3 affects prognosis, immune infiltration, and PI3K/AKT pathway in colon adenocarcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:3284-3298. [PMID: 39072149 PMCID: PMC11271795 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i7.3284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a malignant tumor of the digestive system. The mechanisms underlying COAD development and progression are still largely unknown. AIM To identify the role of canopy FGF signaling regulator 3 (CNPY3) in the development and progression of COAD by using bioinformatic tools and functional experiments. METHODS Bioinformatic data were downloaded from public databases. The associations of clinicopathological features, survival, and immune function with the expression of CNPY3 were analyzed. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were used to explore the related pathways. Then, quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used for validation of CNPY3 expression in clinical samples and tumor cell lines. Cell lines with CNPY3 knockdown were constructed to further analyze gene functions. The functional experiments included proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis assays. RESULTS In both the TCGA cohort and the merged dataset, elevated CNPY3 expression was observed in tumor tissues. High CNPY3 expression correlated with adverse survival and compromised immune functions. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that the pro-oncogenic properties of CNPY3 might be linked to the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. CNPY3 expression was validated at both the RNA and protein levels. Functional assays indicated that cell proliferation, invasion, and migration were inhibited and cell apoptosis was promoted after CNPY3 knockdown. Additionally, Western blot results revealed the downregulation of key proteins in the PI3K/AKT pathway following CNPY3 knockdown. PI3K/AKT pathway activator reversed the decrease in proliferation, invasion, and migration and the increase in apoptosis. Notably, CNPY3 knockdown still affected the cells when the pathway was inhibited. CONCLUSION This study showed that CNPY3 is upregulated in COAD and might regulate COAD development and progression by the PI3K/AKT pathway. Thus, CNPY3 might be a promising therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Can Gao
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Biao-Huan Zhou
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhou-Xin Ji
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hui-Ning Liu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Aghakhani A, Pezeshki PS, Rezaei N. The role of extracellular vesicles in immune cell exhaustion and resistance to immunotherapy. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2024; 33:721-740. [PMID: 38795060 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2024.2360209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound nanoparticles for intercellular communication. Subtypes of EVs, namely exosomes and microvesicles transfer diverse, bioactive cargo to their target cells and eventually interfere with immune responses. Despite being a promising approach, cancer immunotherapy currently faces several challenges including immune resistance. EVs secreted from various sources in the tumor microenvironment provoke immune cell exhaustion and lower the efficacy of immunological treatments, such as CAR T cells and immune checkpoint inhibitors. AREAS COVERED This article goes through the mechanisms of action of various types of EVs in inhibiting immune response and immunotherapies, and provides a comprehensive review of EV-based treatments. EXPERT OPINION By making use of the distinctive features of EVs, natural or modified EVs are innovatively utilized as novel cancer therapeutics. They are occasionally coupled with currently established treatments to overcome their inadequacies. Investigating the properties and interactions of EVs and EV-based treatments is crucial for determining future steps in cancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ava Aghakhani
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- International Hematology/Oncology of Pediatrics Experts (IHOPE), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Parmida Sadat Pezeshki
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- International Hematology/Oncology of Pediatrics Experts (IHOPE), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang A, Sun Z, Hong H, Yang Y, Chen J, Gao Z, Gu J. Novel hypoxia- and lactate metabolism-related molecular subtyping and prognostic signature for colorectal cancer. J Transl Med 2024; 22:587. [PMID: 38902737 PMCID: PMC11191174 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05391-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious global health burden because of its high morbidity and mortality rates. Hypoxia and massive lactate production are hallmarks of the CRC microenvironment. However, the effects of hypoxia and lactate metabolism on CRC have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to develop a novel molecular subtyping based on hypoxia-related genes (HRGs) and lactate metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) and construct a signature to predict the prognosis of patients with CRC and treatment efficacy. METHODS Bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing and clinical data of CRC were downloaded from the TCGA and GEO databases. HRGs and LMRGs were obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database. The R software package DESeq2 was used to perform differential expression analysis. Molecular subtyping was performed using unsupervised clustering. A predictive signature was developed using univariate Cox regression, random forest model, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Finally, the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic agents before and after hypoxia was verified using in vitro experiments. RESULTS We classified 575 patients with CRC into three molecular subtypes and were able to distinguish their prognoses clearly. The C1 subtype, which exhibits high levels of hypoxia, has a low proportion of CD8 + T cells and a high proportion of macrophages. The expression of immune checkpoint genes is generally elevated in C1 patients with severe immune dysfunction. Subsequently, we constructed a predictive model, the HLM score, which effectively predicts the prognosis of patients with CRC and the efficacy of immunotherapy. The HLM score was validated in GSE39582, GSE106584, GSE17536, and IMvigor210 datasets. Patients with high HLM scores exhibit high infiltration of CD8 + exhausted T cells (Tex), especially terminal Tex, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-Tex in the immune microenvironment. Finally, in vitro experiments confirmed that CRC cell lines were less sensitive to 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan under hypoxic conditions. CONCLUSION We constructed novel hypoxia- and lactate metabolism-related molecular subtypes and revealed their immunological and genetic characteristics. We also developed an HLM scoring system that could be used to predict the prognosis and efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- An Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery III, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Zhuang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery III, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Haopeng Hong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery III, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Zhaoya Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, 100144, China
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Jin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery III, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, 100144, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen T, Li S, Deng D, Zhang W, Zhang J, Shen Z. Key role of interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) in regulating liver disease: progress and outlook. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024; 25:451-470. [PMID: 38910492 PMCID: PMC11199090 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) is a member of the IRF family. It is the first transcription factor to be identified that could bind to the interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) on the target gene and displays crucial roles in the interferon-induced signals and pathways. IRF-1, as an important medium, has all of the advantages of full cell cycle regulation, cell death signaling transduction, and reinforcing immune surveillance, which are well documented. Current studies indicate that IRF-1 is of vital importance to the occurrence and evolution of multifarious liver diseases, including but not limited to inhibiting the replication of the hepatitis virus (A/B/C/E), alleviating the progression of liver fibrosis, and aggravating hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI). The tumor suppression of IRF-1 is related to the clinical characteristics of liver cancer patients, which makes it a potential indicator for predicting the prognosis and recurrence of liver cancer; additionally, the latest studies have revealed other effects of IRF-1 such as protection against alcoholic/non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD/NAFLD), cholangiocarcinoma suppression, and uncommon traits in other liver diseases that had previously received little attention. Intriguingly, several compounds and drugs have featured a protective function in specific liver disease models in which there is significant involvement of the IRF-1 signal. In this paper, we hope to propose a prospective research basis upon which to help decipher translational medicine applications of IRF-1 in liver disease treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- First Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Shipeng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Dewen Deng
- First Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplant, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Weiye Zhang
- Department of Organ Transplant, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Organ Transplant, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Zhongyang Shen
- Department of Organ Transplant, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplant, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu Q, Zhang X, Song Y, Si J, Li Z, Dong Q. Construction and analysis of a reliable five-gene prognostic signature for colon adenocarcinoma associated with the wild-type allelic state of the COL6A6 gene. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:2475-2496. [PMID: 38881933 PMCID: PMC11170513 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Tumors emerge by acquiring a number of mutations over time. The first mutation provides a selective growth advantage compared to adjacent epithelial cells, allowing the cell to create a clone that can outgrow the cells that surround it. Subsequent mutations determine the risk of the tumor progressing to metastatic cancer. Some secondary mutations may inhibit the aggressiveness of the tumor while still increasing the survival of the clone. Meaningful mutations in genes may provide a strong molecular foundation for developing novel therapeutic strategies for cancer. Methods The somatic mutation and prognosis in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) were analyzed. The copy number variation (CNV) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the collagen type VI alpha 6 chain (COL6A6) mutation (COL6A6-MUT) and the COL6A6 wild-type (COL6A6-WT) subgroups were evaluated. The independent prognostic signatures based on COL6A6-allelic state were determined to construct a Cox model. The biological characteristics and the immune microenvironment between the two risk groups were compared. Results COL6A6 was found to be highly mutated in COAD at a frequency of 9%. Patients with COL6A6-MUT had a good overall survival (OS) compared to those with COL6A6-WT, who had a different CNV pattern. Significant differences in gene expression were established for 593 genes between the COL6A6-MUT and COL6A6-WT samples. Among them, MUC16, ASNSP1, PRR18, PEG10, and RPL26P8 were determined to be independent prognostic factors. The internally validated prognostic risk model, constructed using these five genes, demonstrated its value by revealing a significant difference in patient prognosis between the high-risk and low-risk groups. Specifically, patients in the high-risk group exhibited a considerably worse prognosis than did those in the low-risk group. The high-risk group had a significantly higher proportion of patients over 60 years of age and patients in stage III. Moreover, the tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) score and the expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) family genes were all higher in the high-risk group than that in the low-risk group. Conclusions The allelic state of COL6A6 and the five associated DEGs were identified as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of COAD and may be therapeutic targets in COAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Liu
- Second Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Gastroenterology Center, Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Song
- Outpatient Department, Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junli Si
- Second Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaoshui Li
- Qingdao University, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao, China
| | - Quanjiang Dong
- Central Laboratories, Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang G, Zhu ZM, Wang K. Identification of ROS and KEAP1-related genes and verified targets of α-hederin induce cell death for CRC. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22200. [PMID: 38747107 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed and verified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ROS and KEAP1 crosstalk in oncogenic signatures using GEO data sets (GSE4107 and GSE41328). Multiple pathway enrichment analyses were finished based on DEGs. The genetic signature for colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD) was identified by using the Cox regression analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were used to explore the prognosis value of specific genes in COAD. The potential immune signatures and drug sensitivity prediction were also analyzed. Promising small-molecule agents were identified and predicted targets of α-hederin in SuperPred were validated by molecular docking. Also, expression levels of genes and Western blot analysis were conducted. In total, 48 genes were identified as DEGs, and the hub genes such as COL1A1, CXCL12, COL1A2, FN1, CAV1, TIMP3, and IGFBP7 were identified. The ROS and KEAP1-associated gene signatures comprised of hub key genes were developed for predicting the prognosis and evaluating the immune cell responses and immune infiltration in COAD. α-hederin, a potential anti-colorectal cancer (CRC) agent, was found to enhance the sensitivity of HCT116 cells, regulate CAV1 and COL1A1, and decrease KEAP1, Nrf2, and HO-1 expression significantly. KEAP1-related genes could be an essential mediator of ROS in CRC, and KEAP1-associated genes were effective in predicting prognosis and evaluating individualized CRC treatment. Therefore, α-hederin may be an effective chemosensitizer for CRC treatments in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Min Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang M, Liu Y, Zheng S, Geng P, He T, Lu L, Feng Y, Jiang Q. Associations of PD-1 and PD-L1 gene polymorphisms with cancer risk: a meta-analysis based on 50 studies. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:6068-6097. [PMID: 38546391 PMCID: PMC11042937 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Programmed death-1 and its ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1), immune checkpoints proteins, play a crucial role in anti-tumor responses. A large number of studies have evaluated the relationships of PD-1/PD-L1 polymorphisms with risk of cancer, but evidence for the associations remains inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to examine the associations between PD-1/PD-L1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and cancer predisposition. Results showed that PD-1.3 and PD-L1 rs17718883 were significantly correlated with overall cancer risk. PD-1.5 was prominently linked with cervical cancer (CC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), TC (thyroid cancer), brain tumor, AML (acute myelocytic leukemia) and UCC (urothelial cell carcinoma) risk, PD-1.9 with breast cancer (BC), AML, esophageal cancer (EC) and ovarian cancer (OC) risk, and PD-1.3 with colorectal cancer (CRC) and BCC (basal cell carcinoma) risk. PD-1.1 polymorphism slightly elevated BC and OC susceptibility, whereas the rs4143815 variant notably decreased the risk of gastric cancer (GC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and OC, but increased the risk of BC. PD-1.6 was closely linked with AML risk, PD-L1 rs2890658 with NSCLC, HCC and BC risk, rs17718883 with HCC and GC risk, rs10815225 with GC risk, and rs2297136 with NSCLC and HCC risk. Interestingly, the rs7421861, rs10815225, and rs10815225 markedly reduced cancer susceptibility among Asians. The rs7421861 polymrophism decreased cancer risk among Caucasians, rather than the rs10815225 elevated cancer risk. Our results supported that PD-1 and PD-L1 SNPs were dramatically correlated with cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maoquan Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261042, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weifang People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Kuiwen, Weifang 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zheng
- Department of Health, Weifang People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Kuiwen, Weifang 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Peizhen Geng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261042, Shandong, China
| | - Tianhao He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weifang People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Kuiwen, Weifang 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Linan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weifang People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Kuiwen, Weifang 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Yikuan Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weifang People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Kuiwen, Weifang 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Qiqi Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weifang People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Kuiwen, Weifang 261000, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bryushkova EA, Mushenkova NV, Turchaninova MA, Lukyanov DK, Chudakov DM, Serebrovskaya EO. B cell clonality in cancer. Semin Immunol 2024; 72:101874. [PMID: 38508089 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2024.101874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Carcinogenesis in the process of long-term co-evolution of tumor cells and immune environment essentially becomes possible due to incorrect decisions made, remembered, and reproduced by the immune system at the level of clonal populations of antigen-specific T- and B-lymphocytes. Tumor-immunity interaction determines the nature of such errors and, consequently, delineates the possible ways of successful immunotherapeutic intervention. It is generally recognized that tumor-infiltrating B cells (TIL-B) can play both pro-tumor and anti-tumor roles. However, the exact mechanisms that determine the contribution of clonal B cell lineages with different specificities and functions remain largely unclear. This is due to the variability of cancer types, the molecular heterogeneity of tumor cells, and, to a large extent, the individual pattern of each immune response. Further progress requires detailed investigation of the functional properties and phenotypes of clonally heterogeneous B cells in relation to their antigenic specificities, which determine the functionality of both effector B lymphocytes and immunoglobulins produced in the tumor environment. Based on a real understanding of the role of clonal antigen-specific populations of B lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment, we need to learn how to develop new methods of targeted immunotherapy, as well as adapt existing treatment options to the specific needs of different patients and patient subgroups. In this review, we will cover B cells functional diversity and their multifaceted roles in the tumor environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E A Bryushkova
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia; Department of Molecular Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - N V Mushenkova
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Unicorn Capital Partners, Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Turchaninova
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - D K Lukyanov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia; Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - D M Chudakov
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia; Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia; Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - E O Serebrovskaya
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia; Current position: Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang Y, Liu YJ, Mei J, Yang ZX, Qian XP, Huang W. An Analysis Regarding the Association Between DAZ Interacting Zinc Finger Protein 1 (DZIP1) and Colorectal Cancer (CRC). Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01065-1. [PMID: 38334905 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01065-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant disease worldwide, and its incidence is increasing, but the molecular mechanisms of this disease are highly heterogeneous and still far from being fully understood. Increasing evidence suggests that fibrosis mediated by abnormal activation of fibroblasts based in the microenvironment is associated with a poor prognosis. However, the function and pathogenic mechanisms of fibroblasts in CRC remain unclear. Here, combining scrna-seq and clinical specimen data, DAZ Interacting Protein 1 (DZIP1) was found to be expressed on fibroblasts and cancer cells and positively correlated with stromal deposition. Importantly, pseudotime-series analysis showed that DZIP1 levels were up-regulated in malignant transformation of fibroblasts and experimentally confirmed that DZIP1 modulates activation of fibroblasts and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumor cells. Further studies showed that DZIP1 expressed by tumor cells also has a driving effect on EMT and contributes to the recruitment of more fibroblasts. A similar phenomenon was observed in xenografted nude mice. And it was confirmed in xenograft mice that downregulation of DZIP1 expression significantly delayed tumor formation and reduced tumor size in CRC cells. Taken together, our findings suggested that DZIP1 was a regulator of the CRC mesenchymal phenotype. The revelation of targeting DZIP1 provides a new avenue for CRC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Tianyinshan Hospital, Nanjing, 211199, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan-Jie Liu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Mei
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao-Xu Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Qian
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Hanzhong Road No.155, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao Q, Zong H, Zhu P, Su C, Tang W, Chen Z, Jin S. Crosstalk between colorectal CSCs and immune cells in tumorigenesis, and strategies for targeting colorectal CSCs. Exp Hematol Oncol 2024; 13:6. [PMID: 38254219 PMCID: PMC10802076 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-024-00474-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy in the treatment of colorectal cancer, and relapse after tumor immunotherapy has attracted increasing attention. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small subset of tumor cells with self-renewal and differentiation capacities, are resistant to traditional therapies such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Recently, CSCs have been proven to be the cells driving tumor relapse after immunotherapy. However, the mutual interactions between CSCs and cancer niche immune cells are largely uncharacterized. In this review, we focus on colorectal CSCs, CSC-immune cell interactions and CSC-based immunotherapy. Colorectal CSCs are characterized by robust expression of surface markers such as CD44, CD133 and Lgr5; hyperactivation of stemness-related signaling pathways, such as the Wnt/β-catenin, Hippo/Yap1, Jak/Stat and Notch pathways; and disordered epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and noncoding RNA action. Moreover, colorectal CSCs express abnormal levels of immune-related genes such as MHC and immune checkpoint molecules and mutually interact with cancer niche cells in multiple tumorigenesis-related processes, including tumor initiation, maintenance, metastasis and drug resistance. To date, many therapies targeting CSCs have been evaluated, including monoclonal antibodies, antibody‒drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, tumor vaccines adoptive cell therapy, and small molecule inhibitors. With the development of CSC-/niche-targeting technology, as well as the integration of multidisciplinary studies, novel therapies that eliminate CSCs and reverse their immunosuppressive microenvironment are expected to be developed for the treatment of solid tumors, including colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Hong Zong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Pingping Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chang Su
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Wenxue Tang
- The Research and Application Center of Precision Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2 Jing‑ba Road, Zhengzhou, 450014, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Shuiling Jin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Andrzejczak A, Karabon L. BTLA biology in cancer: from bench discoveries to clinical potentials. Biomark Res 2024; 12:8. [PMID: 38233898 PMCID: PMC10795259 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00556-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoints play a critical role in maintaining the delicate balance of immune activation in order to prevent potential harm caused by excessive activation, autoimmunity, or tissue damage. B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is one of crucial checkpoint, regulating stimulatory and inhibitory signals in immune responses. Its interaction with the herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) plays an essential role in negatively regulating immune responses, thereby preserving immune homeostasis. In cancer, abnormal cells evade immune surveillance by exploiting checkpoints like BTLA. Upregulated BTLA expression is linked to impaired anti-tumor immunity and unfavorable disease outcomes. In preclinical studies, BTLA-targeted therapies have shown improved treatment outcomes and enhanced antitumor immunity. This review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of BTLA's biology, its role in various cancers, and its potential as a prognostic factor. Additionally, it explores the latest research on BTLA blockade in cancer immunotherapy, offering hope for more effective cancer treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Andrzejczak
- Laboratory of Genetics and Epigenetics of Human Diseases, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Karabon
- Laboratory of Genetics and Epigenetics of Human Diseases, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jin Z, Han Y, Zhang J, Liu Z, Li R, Liu Z. Prognosis and therapy in thyroid cancer by gene signatures related to natural killer cells. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3657. [PMID: 38282150 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial to cancer development and prognosis. However, the role of NK cell-related genes in immunotherapy and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is not well understood. This study aimed to develop reliable risk signatures associated with NK cell-related genes for predicting thyroid cancer (THCA). METHODS The single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from seven THCA samples (GSE184362) and bulk-RNA-seq data of 502 THCA patients (TCGA-THCA) were included. The scRNA-seq data was analyzed using the "Seurat" R package to identify differentially expressed genes in NK cells. The clustering analysis was carried out using the R package "ConsensusClusterPlus". The gene set variation analysis (GSVA) algorithm was applied to assess the variations in biological pathways among subtypes. The ESTIMATE algorithm was utilized to calculate the scores for stromal, immune and estimate variables. In addition, we used the single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and CIBERSORT algorithms to assess the degree to which immune cells and pathways related to immunity were enriched based on the meta-cohort. In the TCGA-THCA cohort, the "glmnet" R package was used for the gene selection, and LASSO Cox analysis was used to construct prognostic features. The "maftools" R package was used to examine the somatic mutation landscape of THCA in both low- and high-risk groups. RESULTS One-hundred and eighty-five NK cell marker genes were screened, and nine genes were associated with the THCA prognosis. KLF2, OSTF1 and TAPBP were finally identified and constructed a risk signature with significant prognostic value. KLF2 and OSTF1 were protective genes, and TAPBP was a risk gene. Patients at high risk had a considerably lower overall survival compared with those at low risk. Mutations in the TCGA-THCA cohort were predominantly C > T. Increased tumor mutation burden (TMB) levels were linked to overall survival. The low-risk H-TMB+ group had a better prognosis, while the high-risk L-TMB+ group had the worst prognosis. CONCLUSION Natural killer cell-related genes KLF2, OSTF1 and TAPBP were used to develop a novel prognostic risk signature, offering a new perspective on the prognosis and treatment of THCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yadong Han
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rodrigues RR, Freitas VS, Alves PM, Almeida Freitas RD, Souza LBD, Andrade Santos PPD. Evaluation of the presence of Th1 response through T-bet and IFN-gamma immunohistochemical expression in lower lip and oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155010. [PMID: 38101155 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of T-bet and IFN-γ in lower lip (LLSCC) and oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC), verifying the presence of Th1 responses in lesions with different clinical conditions. METHODS AND MATERIALS Thirty OTSCC and 30 LLSCC were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. T-bet was quantitatively assessed by parenchyma cell and stroma quantification, and IFN-γ was semi-quantitatively analyzed: 1:0-25%; 2:26-50%; 3:51-75%; 4:> 75% immunopositive cells. Histological differentiation degrees were categorized as well differentiated (WD), moderately differentiated (MD), or poorly differentiated (PD). RESULTS OTSCC presented the highest number of T-bet+, parenchyma (p: 0.006), stroma (p: 0.156), parenchyma/stroma (p: 0.015), with no relationship to histological malignancy grade. IFN-γ higher concentrations in LLSCC were detected in parenchyma, stroma and in parenchyma/stroma (p: 0.000), as well as greater immunoreactivity in WD and MD (p: 0.001). In OTSCC, a positive and statistically significant correlation was observed between T-bet+ in parenchyma and IFN-γ in stroma(r: 0.388; p: 0.034), in addition to a statistically significant positive correlation between T-bet in parenchyma compared to stroma(r: 0.411; p: 0.024) and for IFN-γ in both parenchyma and stroma(r: 0.775; p: 0.000) in LLSCC. Higher T-bet+ was observed in OTSCCs, although higher IFN-γ was detected in LLSCCs. CONCLUSION Thus, we suggest that, even though LLSCC presented lower T-bet+, the favorable microenvironment in these lesions led to an expressive activation of IFN-γ by T-bet+, considerably acting on Th1 differentiation and in antitumor activity, which, admittedly, present less aggressive behavior, reinforcing once again the important role of this cytokine and its use in strategy to fight cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Valéria Souza Freitas
- Department of Dentistry, State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS), Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | - Pollianna Muniz Alves
- Department of Dentistry, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
| | | | - Lélia Batista de Souza
- Department of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cikman DI, Esen F, Engin A, Turna A, Agkoc M, Yilmaz A, Saglam OF, Deniz G, Aktas EC. Mediastinal lymph node removal modulates natural killer cell exhaustion in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Immunol Res 2023; 71:959-971. [PMID: 37583002 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-023-09410-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death globally. In this study, the effect of complete removal of mediastinal lymph nodes by video-assisted mediastinoscopic lymphadenectomy (VAMLA) on natural killer (NK) cell phenotype and functions in patients with NSCLC was evaluated. The study included 21 NSCLC patients (cIA-IVA) undergoing VAMLA staging and 33 healthy controls. Mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood of all participants and mediastinal lymph nodes of the patients. NK cells were analyzed by flow cytometry to define NK subsets, expressions of PD-1, CTLA-4, activating/inhibitory receptors, granzyme A, and CD107a. The plasma levels of soluble PD-1, PDL-1, and CTLA-4 were measured by ELISA. Mediastinal lymph nodes of NSCLC patients had increased ratios of exhausted NK cells, increased expression of PD-1 and IL-10, and impaired cytotoxicity. Mediastinal lymph nodes removal increased CD56dimCD16bright cytotoxic effector phenotype and reduced exhausted NK cells. PD-1+ NK cells were significantly more abundant in patients' blood, and VAMLA significantly reduced their ratio as well. The ratio of IL-10 secreting regulatory NK cells was also reduced after VAMLA. Blood NK cells had increased cytotoxic functions and spontaneous IFN-γ secretion, and these NK cell functions were also recovered by VAMLA. Mediastinal lymph node removal reversed NK cell exhaustion, reduced regulatory NK cells, and improved antitumoral functions of NK cells. Tumor-draining lymph nodes may contribute to tumor evasion from antitumoral immune responses. The role of their removal needs to be further studied both to better understand this mechanism and as a potential immunotherapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Ilke Cikman
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fehim Esen
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Engin
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Akif Turna
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melek Agkoc
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Yilmaz
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Omer Faruk Saglam
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gunnur Deniz
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esin Cetin Aktas
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Schulz S, Jesinghaus M, Foersch S. [Multistain deep learning as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in colorectal cancer]. PATHOLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 44:104-108. [PMID: 37987821 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-023-01280-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a crucial prognostic and predictive role in solid malignancies such as colorectal cancer (CRC). Nevertheless, scoring systems based on TIME such as the Immunoscore (IS) are rarely used in clinical practice. Among other reasons, this might be due to the additional time required for manual quantification of tumor-associated immune cells or costs associated with proprietary/commercial solutions. To address these issues, we developed a multistain deep learning model (MSDLM) and trained, validated, and tested it on immunohistochemical image data of different immune cell subtypes from over 1000 patients with CRC. Our model showed high prognostic accuracy and outperformed other clinical, molecular, and immune cell-based parameters. It might also be used for therapy response prediction in rectal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy. Leveraging artificial intelligence interpretability/explainability methods, we ascertained that the MSDLM's predictions align with recognized antitumor immune response patterns. Consequently, the AImmunoscore (AIS) could emerge as a potential TIME-based decision-making tool for clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schulz
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - Moritz Jesinghaus
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Marburg, Marburg, Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Foersch
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz, Deutschland.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li M, Song J, Wang L, Wang Q, Huang Q, Mo D. Natural killer cell-related prognosis signature predicts immune response in colon cancer patients. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1253169. [PMID: 38026928 PMCID: PMC10679416 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1253169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial components of the innate immune system that fight tumors and viral infections. Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) have a poor prognosis, and immunotherapeutic tools play a key role in the treatment of CRC. Methods: Public data on CRC patients was collected from the TCGA and the GEO databases. Tissue data of CRC patients were collected from Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital. An NK-related prognostic model was developed by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Cox regression method. Validation data were collected from different clinical subgroups and an external independent validation cohort to verify the model's accuracy. In addition, multiple external independent immunotherapy datasets were collected to further examine the value of NK-related risk scores (NKRS) in the prediction of immunotherapy response. Potential biological functions of key genes were examined by methods of cell proliferation, apoptosis and Western blotting. Results: A novel prognostic model for CRC patients based on NK-related genes was developed and NKRS was generated. There was a significantly poorer prognosis among the high-NKRS group. Based on immune response prediction, patients with low NKRS may be more suitable for immunotherapy and they are more sensitive to immunotherapy. The proliferation rate of CRC cells was significantly reduced and apoptosis of CRC cells was increased after SLC2A3 was knocked down. SLC2A3 was also found to be associated with the TGF-β signaling pathway. Conclusion: NKRS has potential applications for predicting prognostic status and response to immunotherapy in CRC patients. SLC2A3 has potential as a therapeutic target for CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiqin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guang Xi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Jingqing Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guang Xi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Health Science College, Nanning, China
| | - Qinghua Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, China
| | - Dan Mo
- Department of Breast, Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jiang B, Ke C, Zhou H, Xia T, Xie X, Xu H. Sirtuin 2 up-regulation suppresses the anti-tumour activity of exhausted natural killer cells in mesenteric lymph nodes in murine colorectal carcinoma. Scand J Immunol 2023; 98:e13317. [PMID: 38441393 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells inhibit colorectal carcinoma (CRC) initiation and progression through their tumoricidal activity. However, cumulative evidence suggests that NK cells become functionally exhausted in patients with CRC. To deepen the understanding of the mechanisms underlying CRC-associated NK cell exhaustion, we explored the expression and effect of Sirtuin 2 (Sirt2) in mesenteric lymph node (mLN) NK cells in a murine colitis-associated CRC model. Sirt2 was remarkably up-regulated in mLN NK cells after CRC induction. Particularly, Sirt2 was increased in mLN NK cells expressing high T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM3), high lymphocyte activation protein-3 (LAG3), high programmed death-1 (PD-1), high T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and ITIM domains (TIGIT), high NK group 2 member A (NKG2A), but low tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), low interferon-gamma and low granzyme B. In addition, Sirt2 was also increased in NK cells after induction of exhaustion in vitro. Lentivirus-mediated Sirt2 silencing did not affect the acute activation and cytotoxicity of non-exhausted NK cells. However, Sirt2 silencing partially restored the expression of interferon-gamma, granzyme B and CD107a in exhausted NK cells. Meanwhile, Sirt2 silencing down-regulated TIM3, LAG3, TIGIT and NKG2A while up-regulated TRAIL on exhausted NK cells. Consequently, Sirt2 silencing restored the cytotoxicity of exhausted NK cells. Moreover, Sirt2 silencing partially ameliorates the defects in glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration of exhausted NK cells, as evidenced by increases in glycolytic capacity, glycolytic reserve, basal respiration, maximal respiration and spare respiration capacity. Accordingly, Sirt2 negatively regulates the tumoricidal activity of exhausted NK cells in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jiang
- The Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia, and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Ke
- The Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia, and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjian Zhou
- The Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia, and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China
| | - Tian Xia
- The Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia, and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China
| | - Xingwang Xie
- The Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia, and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China
| | - Hanbin Xu
- The Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia, and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lv M, Guo S, Zhang X, Zou Y, Chen Q, Zang C, Huang S, Hu Y, Wang Y, Wang Q, Zhong J. Attenuated Salmonella-delivered PD-1 siRNA enhances the antitumor effects of EZH2 inhibitors in colorectal cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110918. [PMID: 37708707 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has made significant progress in the treatment of malignant tumors. However, strategies to combine immunotherapy with anticancer drugs have attracted great attention due to the low response rate and unique toxicity profile of immunotherapies and the subsequent development of acquired resistance in some initial responders. EZH2, a histone methyl transferase subunit of a Polycomb repressor complex,is highly expressed in a variety of tumors, and targeting EZH2 has become a new strategy for tumor therapy and drug combination. Here,we studied the effect of EZH2 inhibitors on colorectal cancer cells and their combination with immunotherapy. Our results demonstrated that EZH2 inhibitors can not only significantly inhibit the survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and induce apoptosis, effectively inhibit cell invasion and migration, but also cause an increase in the expression of PD-L1 receptors on the cell surface. To determine the effect of EZH2 in combination with immunotherapy, we combine EZH2 inhibitors with PD-1 siRNA delivered by attenuated Salmonella. The vivo experiments have shown that the combination of EZH2 inhibitors and Salmonella-delivered PD-1 siRNA can further inhibit the development of CRC, trigger effective anti-tumor immunity, and improve therapeutic efficacy. Its underlying mechanisms mainly involve synergistic immunomodulation and apoptosis. This study suggests an emerging strategy based on a combination of EZH2 inhibitor and immunotherapy based on PD-1 inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Lv
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Sheng Guo
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Vaccine and Immunotherapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yan Zou
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Chongyi Zang
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yuhan Hu
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yanling Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qianqing Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
| | - Jiateng Zhong
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Department of Gynecology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dolade N, Rayego-Mateos S, Garcia-Carrasco A, Guerin M, Martín-Ventura JL, Ruiz-Ortega M, Tharaux PL, Valdivielso JM. B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator could be a new player in accelerated atherosclerosis associated with chronic kidney disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1409-1429. [PMID: 37655751 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In chronic kidney disease (CKD), cardiovascular morbi-mortality is higher than in general population. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is accelerated in CKD, but specific CKD-related risk factors for atherosclerosis are unknown. METHODS CKD patients from the NEFRONA study were used. We performed mRNA array from blood of patients free from atheroma plaque at baseline, with (n=10) and without (n=10) de novo atherosclerotic plaque development 2 years later. Selected mRNA candidates were validated in a bigger sample (n=148). Validated candidates were investigated in vivo in an experimental model of CKD-accelerated atherosclerosis, and in vitro in murine macrophages. RESULTS mRNA array analysis showed 92 up-regulated and 67 down-regulated mRNAs in samples from CKD patients with de novo plaque development. The functional analysis pointed to a paramount role of the immune response. The validation in a bigger sample confirmed that B- and T-lymphocyte co-inhibitory molecule (BTLA) down-regulation was associated with de novo plaque presence after 2 years. However, BTLA down-regulation was not found to be associated with atherosclerotic progression in patients with plaque already present at baseline. In a model of CKD-accelerated atherosclerosis, mRNA and protein expression levels of BTLA were significantly decreased in blood samples and atheroma plaques. Plaques from animals with CKD were bigger, had more infiltration of inflammatory cells, higher expression of IL6 and IL17 and less presence of collagen than plaques from control animals. Incubation of macrophages with rat uremic serum decreased BTLA expression. CONCLUSIONS BTLA could be a potential biomarker or therapeutic target for atherosclerosis incidence in CKD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Dolade
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Ricords2040, Spain
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida IRBLleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Ricords2040, Spain
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida IRBLleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| | - Alicia Garcia-Carrasco
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Ricords2040, Spain
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida IRBLleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| | - Maryse Guerin
- INSERM UMR_S 1166 - ICAN. Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière: 75013 Paris, France
| | - Jose-Luis Martín-Ventura
- Vascular Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autonoma, Avda Reyes Catolicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pierre-Louis Tharaux
- Paris Cardiovascular research Centre (PARCC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jose Manuel Valdivielso
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Ricords2040, Spain
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida IRBLleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Shen A, Liu W, Wang H, Zeng X, Wang M, Zhang D, Zhao Q, Fang Q, Wang F, Cheng L, Shen G, Li Y. A novel 4-1BB/HER2 bispecific antibody shows potent antitumor activities by increasing and activating tumor-infiltrating T cells. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:3246-3256. [PMID: 37559991 PMCID: PMC10408481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to HER2-targeted therapy narrows the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Although 4-1BB/CD137 is a promising drug target as a costimulatory molecule of immune cells, no therapeutic drug has been approved in the clinic because of systemic toxicity or limited efficacy. Previously, we developed a humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) HuA21 and anti-4-1BB mAb HuB6 with distinct antigen epitopes for cancer therapy. Here, we generated an Fc-muted IgG4 HER2/4-1BB bispecific antibody (BsAb) HK006 by the fusion of HuB6 scFv and HuA21 Fab. HK006 exhibited synergistic antitumor activity by blocking HER2 signal transduction and stimulating the 4-1BB signaling pathway simultaneously and strictly dependent on HER2 expression in vitro and in vivo. Strikingly, HK006 treatment enhanced antitumor immunity by increasing and activating tumor-infiltrating T cells. Moreover, HK006 did not induce nonspecific production of proinflammatory cytokines and had no obvious toxicity in mice. Overall, these data demonstrated that HK006 should be a promising candidate for HER2-positive cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aolin Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition TherapyHefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Wenting Liu
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Co., Ltd.Hefei 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Huizhen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoli Zeng
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Co., Ltd.Hefei 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Mengli Wang
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Co., Ltd.Hefei 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Dayan Zhang
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Co., Ltd.Hefei 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Co., Ltd.Hefei 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Qing Fang
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Co., Ltd.Hefei 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Fengrong Wang
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Co., Ltd.Hefei 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Liansheng Cheng
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition TherapyHefei 230001, Anhui, China
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Co., Ltd.Hefei 230088, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering Pharmaceutical, Biomedicine Technology Innovation Center of Hefei, Anhui Anke Biotechnology (Group) Co., Ltd.Hefei 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Guodong Shen
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition TherapyHefei 230001, Anhui, China
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Gerontology Institute of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Yongxiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cheng LS, Zhu M, Gao Y, Liu WT, Yin W, Zhou P, Zhu Z, Niu L, Zeng X, Zhang D, Fang Q, Wang F, Zhao Q, Zhang Y, Shen G. An Fc-muted bispecific antibody targeting PD-L1 and 4-1BB induces antitumor immune activity in colorectal cancer without systemic toxicity. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:47. [PMID: 37259060 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00461-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy narrows the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Although 4-1BB is a promising drug target as a costimulatory molecule of immune cells, no 4-1BB agonist has been given clinical approval because of severe liver toxicity or limited efficacy. Therefore, a safe and efficient immunostimulatory molecule is urgently needed for cancer immunotherapy. METHODS HK010 was generated by antibody engineering, and the Fab/antigen complex structure was analyzed using crystallography. The affinity and activity of HK010 were detected by multiple in vitro bioassays, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), flow cytometry, and luciferase-reporter assays. Humanized mice bearing human PD-L1-expressing MC38 (MC38/hPDL1) or CT26 (CT26/hPDL1) tumor transplants were established to assess the in vivo antitumor activity of HK010. The pharmacokinetics (PK) and toxicity of HK010 were evaluated in cynomolgus monkeys. RESULTS HK010 was generated as an Fc-muted immunoglobulin (Ig)G4 PD-L1x4-1BB bispecific antibody (BsAb) with a distinguished Fab/antigen complex structure, and maintained a high affinity for human PD-L1 (KD: 2.27 nM) and low affinity for human 4-1BB (KD: 493 nM) to achieve potent PD-1/PD-L1 blockade and appropriate 4-1BB agonism. HK010 exhibited synergistic antitumor activity by blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway and stimulating the 4-1BB signaling pathway simultaneously, and being strictly dependent on the PD-L1 receptor in vitro and in vivo. In particular, when the dose was decreased to 0.3 mg/kg, HK010 still showed a strong antitumor effect in a humanized mouse model bearing MC38/hPDL1 tumors. Strikingly, HK010 treatment enhanced antitumor immunity and induced durable antigen-specific immune memory to prevent rechallenged tumor growth by recruiting CD8+ T cells and other lymphocytes into tumor tissue and activating tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Moreover, HK010 not only did not induce nonspecific production of proinflammatory cytokines but was also observed to be well tolerated in cynomolgus monkeys in 5 week repeated-dose (5, 15, or 50 mg/kg) and single-dose (75 or 150 mg/kg) toxicity studies. CONCLUSION We generated an Fc-muted anti-PD-L1x4-1BB BsAb, HK010, with a distinguished structural interaction with PD-L1 and 4-1BB that exhibits a synergistic antitumor effect by blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway and stimulating the 4-1BB signaling pathway simultaneously. It is strictly dependent on the PD-L1 receptor with no systemic toxicity, which may offer a new option for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Sheng Cheng
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Gerontology Institute of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Limited, Hefei, 230088, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering Pharmaceutical, Biomedicine Technology Innovation Center of Hefei, Anhui Anke Biotechnology (Group) Co., Ltd., Hefei, 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Min Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Limited, Hefei, 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Wu Yin
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Gerontology Institute of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Limited, Hefei, 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Zhongliang Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Liwen Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoli Zeng
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Limited, Hefei, 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Dayan Zhang
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Limited, Hefei, 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Qing Fang
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Limited, Hefei, 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Fengrong Wang
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Limited, Hefei, 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology Limited, Hefei, 230088, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Guodong Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Gerontology Institute of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhao X, Zhang H, Han Y, Fang C, Liu J. Navigating the immunometabolic heterogeneity of B cells in murine hepatocellular carcinoma at single cell resolution. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110257. [PMID: 37182447 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Induction of antitumor immunity is critical for the therapeutic efficacy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) immunotherapy. The cellular metabolic state underpins the effector function of immune cells, yet our understanding of the phenotypic and metabolic heterogeneity of B cells within HCC microenvironment is poorly developed. Herein, we investigated the composition, distribution, phenotype, function and metabolic profiles of B-cell subsets in HCC and adjacent liver tissues from an orthotopic HCC mouse model using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Our results identified six B-cell clusters, which can be classified into plasma cells and activated and exhausted B cells according to marker expression, functional and temporal distribution. Exhausted B cells exhibited low metabolic activities and impaired effector functions. Activated B and plasma cells showed higher metabolic activity than exhausted B cells, but there were clear differences in their metabolic profiles. In addition, we found that the effector function of exhausted B cells was further diminished in HCC tissues compared with adjacent liver tissues, but their metabolic activity was significantly enhanced. Collectively, we comprehensively characterized the metabolic profile and alterations in B-cell subsets in HCC, which contributes to the understanding of B-cell immunology in HCC and lays the foundation for exploring novel targets in HCC immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xindong Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Huanran Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310003, China; The Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Yiru Han
- Department of Health Care, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Chengyu Fang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Jingqi Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Xiao F, Hu B, Si Z, Yang H, Xie J. Sirtuin 6 is a negative regulator of the anti-tumor function of natural killer cells in murine inflammatory colorectal cancer. Mol Immunol 2023; 158:68-78. [PMID: 37146480 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The immune system plays a crucial role in controlling colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Natural killer (NK) cells are tumoricidal but undergo exhaustion in CRC patients. The current research aims to understand the role of sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) in CRC-associated NK cell exhaustion in a murine inflammatory colorectal cancer model. To this end, inflammatory CRC was induced by treating mice with azoxymethane plus dextran sulfate sodium. The expression of SIRT6 in NK cells in murine mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs) and the CRC tissue was characterized by Immunoblotting. SIRT6 knockdown was achieved by lentiviral transduction of murine splenic NK cells, followed by evaluation of NK cell proliferation and the expression of cytotoxic mediators using flow cytometry. NK cell cytotoxicity was measured by cytotoxicity assays. Adoptive transfer of murine NK cells was applied to analyze the effect of SIRT6 knockdown in vivo. We found that SIRT6 was up-regulated in infiltrating NK cells in the murine CRC tissue, especially NK cells with an exhausted phenotype and impaired cytotoxicity. SIRT6 knockdown significantly boosted murine splenic NK cell functionality, as evidenced by accelerated proliferation, increased production of cytotoxic mediators, and higher tumoricidal activity both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the adoptive transfer of SIRT6-knockdown NK cells into CRC-bearing mice effectively suppressed CRC progression. Therefore, SIRT6 up-regulation is essential for murine NK cell exhaustion in CRC because it impedes the tumoricidal activity of murine NK cells. Artificial SIRT6 down-regulation could boost the function of infiltrating NK cells to oppress CRC progression in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiao
- The Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital (Tongji Medical College Affiliated Wuhan Puai Hospital), 473 Hanzheng Street, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430033, China
| | - Bo Hu
- The Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital (Tongji Medical College Affiliated Wuhan Puai Hospital), 473 Hanzheng Street, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430033, China
| | - Zhilong Si
- The Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital (Tongji Medical College Affiliated Wuhan Puai Hospital), 473 Hanzheng Street, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430033, China
| | - Huanbin Yang
- The Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital (Tongji Medical College Affiliated Wuhan Puai Hospital), 473 Hanzheng Street, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430033, China
| | - Jun Xie
- The Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital (Tongji Medical College Affiliated Wuhan Puai Hospital), 473 Hanzheng Street, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430033, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
D'Antonio L, Fieni C, Ciummo SL, Vespa S, Lotti L, Sorrentino C, Di Carlo E. Inactivation of interleukin-30 in colon cancer stem cells via CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing inhibits their oncogenicity and improves host survival. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-006056. [PMID: 36927528 PMCID: PMC10030651 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, is driven by colorectal cancer stem cells (CR-CSCs), which are regulated by endogenous and microenvironmental signals. Interleukin (IL)-30 has proven to be crucial for CSC viability and tumor progression. Whether it is involved in CRC tumorigenesis and impacts clinical behavior is unknown. METHODS IL30 production and functions, in stem and non-stem CRC cells, were determined by western blot, immunoelectron microscopy, flow cytometry, cell viability and sphere formation assays. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of the IL30 gene, RNA-Seq and implantation of IL30 gene transfected or deleted CR-CSCs in NSG mice allowed to investigate IL30's role in CRC oncogenesis. Bioinformatics and immunopathology of CRC samples highlighted the clinical implications. RESULTS We demonstrated that both CR-CSCs and CRC cells express membrane-anchored IL30 that regulates their self-renewal, via WNT5A and RAB33A, and/or proliferation and migration, primarily by upregulating CXCR4 via STAT3, which are suppressed by IL30 gene deletion, along with WNT and RAS pathways. Deletion of IL30 gene downregulates the expression of proteases, such as MMP2 and MMP13, chemokine receptors, mostly CCR7, CCR3 and CXCR4, and growth and inflammatory mediators, including ANGPT2, CXCL10, EPO, IGF1 and EGF. These factors contribute to IL30-driven CR-CSC and CRC cell expansion, which is abrogated by their selective blockade. IL30 gene deleted CR-CSCs displayed reduced tumorigenicity and gave rise to slow-growing and low metastatic tumors in 80% of mice, which survived much longer than controls. Bioinformatics and CIBERSORTx of the 'Colorectal Adenocarcinoma TCGA Nature 2012' collection, and morphometric assessment of IL30 expression in clinical CRC samples revealed that the lack of IL30 in CRC and infiltrating leucocytes correlates with prolonged overall survival. CONCLUSIONS IL30 is a new CRC driver, since its inactivation, which disables oncogenic pathways and multiple autocrine loops, inhibits CR-CSC tumorigenicity and metastatic ability. The development of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeting of IL30 could improve the current therapeutic landscape of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi D'Antonio
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Cristiano Fieni
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefania Livia Ciummo
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simone Vespa
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lavinia Lotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Sorrentino
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Emma Di Carlo
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Exosomal lncRNA HOTAIR induces PDL1 + B cells to impede anti-tumor immunity in colorectal cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 644:112-121. [PMID: 36640665 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) contribute to tumor immunosuppression. However, how B cells acquire their regulatory features in tumors remain unclear. Exosomes are important messengers that transmit tumor information to remodel tumor immunity. Here we revealed that tumor-derived exosomes drive Bregs to suppress anti-tumor immunity by delivering long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). HOTAIR was screened by lncRNA profiling in both colorectal cancer (CRC)-derived exosomes and infiltrating B cells. Tumor-derived HOTAIR polarized B cells toward a regulatory feature marked by programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PDL1) in CRC, and induced PDL1+ B cells to suppress CD8+ T cell activity. Exosomal HOTAIR bound to and protected pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) against ubiquitination degradation, resulting in STAT3 activation and PDL1 expression. Results from CRC patients showed a positive correlation between exosomal HOTAIR and tumor-infiltrating PDL1+ B cells. These findings reveal how B cells acquire PDL1-dominant regulatory feature in CRC, implying the clinical significance of exosomal therapy targeting HOTAIR.
Collapse
|
32
|
Jiang J, Huang Y, Zeng Z, Zhao C. Harnessing Engineered Immune Cells and Bacteria as Drug Carriers for Cancer Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:843-884. [PMID: 36598956 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy continues to be in the spotlight of oncology therapy research in the past few years and has been proven to be a promising option to modulate one's innate and adaptive immune systems for cancer treatment. However, the poor delivery efficiency of immune agents, potential off-target toxicity, and nonimmunogenic tumors significantly limit its effectiveness and extensive application. Recently, emerging biomaterial-based drug carriers, including but not limited to immune cells and bacteria, are expected to be potential candidates to break the dilemma of immunotherapy, with their excellent natures of intrinsic tumor tropism and immunomodulatory activity. More than that, the tiny vesicles and physiological components derived from them have similar functions with their source cells due to the inheritance of various surface signal molecules and proteins. Herein, we presented representative examples about the latest advances of biomaterial-based delivery systems employed in cancer immunotherapy, including immune cells, bacteria, and their derivatives. Simultaneously, opportunities and challenges of immune cells and bacteria-based carriers are discussed to provide reference for their future application in cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjuan Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zishan Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunshun Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Missale F, Bugatti M, Marchi F, Mandelli GE, Bruni M, Palmerini G, Monti M, Bozzola AM, Arena G, Guastini L, Boggio M, Parrinello G, Peretti G, Vermi W. The prometastatic relevance of tumor-infiltrating B lymphocytes in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Transl Immunology 2023; 12:e1445. [PMID: 37122496 PMCID: PMC10131296 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs) typically have an excellent prognosis for stage I tumors but a significant risk of locoregional and distant recurrence for intermediate to advanced disease. This study will investigate the clinical relevance of the tumor microenvironment in a large cohort of treatment-naïve patients affected by stage II-IV LSCC. Methods Whole slide-based digital pathology analysis was applied to measure six immune cell populations identified by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for CD3, CD8, CD20, CD66b, CD163 and CD38. Survival analysis was performed by Cox proportional hazards models and unsupervised hierarchical clustering using the k-means method. Double IHC staining and in-situ hybridisation by RNAscope allowed further analysis of a protumoral B cell population. Results A cohort of 98 patients was enrolled and analysed. The cluster of immune-infiltrated LSCCs demonstrated a significantly worse disease-specific survival rate. We also discovered a new association between high CD20+ B cells and a greater risk of distant recurrence. The phenotypic analysis of infiltrating CD20+ B cells showed a naïve (BCL6-CD27-Mum1-) regulatory phenotype, producing TGFβ but not IL10, according to an active TGFβ pathway, as proved by positive pSMAD2 staining. Conclusion The identification of regulatory B cells in the context of LSCC, along with the activation of the TGFβ pathway, could provide the basis for new trials investigating the efficacy of already available molecules targeting the TGFβ pathway in the treatment of LSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Missale
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
- Department of Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
- Department of Head & Neck Oncology & Surgery Otorhinolaryngology, Antoni Van LeeuwenhoekNederlands Kanker InstituutAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mattia Bugatti
- Department of Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
- Unit of PathologyASST Spedali Civili di BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Filippo Marchi
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC)University of GenoaGenoaItaly
| | | | - Maria Bruni
- Unit of PathologyASST Spedali Civili di BresciaBresciaItaly
| | | | - Matilde Monti
- Department of Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Anna M Bozzola
- Unit of PathologyASST Spedali Civili di BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Giorgio Arena
- ENT DivisionUniversity of Easter Pidmont – AOU Maggiore della Carità di NovaraNovaraItaly
| | - Luca Guastini
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC)University of GenoaGenoaItaly
| | | | | | - Giorgio Peretti
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC)University of GenoaGenoaItaly
| | - William Vermi
- Department of Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
- Unit of PathologyASST Spedali Civili di BresciaBresciaItaly
- Department of Pathology and ImmunologyWashington University School of MedicineMOSt. LouisUSA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Characteristics of circulating adaptive immune cells in patients with colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18166. [PMID: 36307548 PMCID: PMC9616942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptive immune cells prevent solid tumor progression by targeting and killing tumor cells. However, there are no comprehensive studies on peripheral circulating adaptive immune cell characterization in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients or the effect of tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages on these cells. In this study, the number, phenotype, and function of different subsets of circulating adaptive immune cells in peripheral blood of CRC patients were analyzed. We found remarkable differences in CRC patients compared with those in healthy controls, including reduced absolute counts of total T cells, helper T lymphocytes (Th), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (Tc), and double-negative T lymphocytes, a decreased proportion of INF-γ+ cells in total T cells and Th, and increased percentages of B cells, plasmablasts, and activated T cells. Compared with early-stage CRC patients, advanced-stage CRC patients showed more severe immunosenescence, which manifested as decreased proportions of CD8+ naive T cells with strong proliferative ability and CD8+ central memory T cells with immune surveillance function. Proportions and absolute counts of CD8+ and CD4+ terminally differentiated effector memory T cells were increased, indicating immunosenescence. The immune cell characteristics analyzed in this study serve as a starting point for further research to determine potential clinical implications.
Collapse
|
35
|
Regulation of CD4 T Cell Responses by the Transcription Factor Eomesodermin. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12111549. [PMID: 36358898 PMCID: PMC9687629 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Central to the impacts of CD4 T cells, both positive in settings of infectious disease and cancer and negative in the settings of autoimmunity and allergy, is their ability to differentiate into distinct effector subsets with specialized functions. The programming required to support such responses is largely dictated by lineage-specifying transcription factors, often called ‘master regulators’. However, it is increasingly clear that many aspects of CD4 T cell immunobiology that can determine the outcomes of disease states involve a broader transcriptional network. Eomesodermin (Eomes) is emerging as an important member of this class of transcription factors. While best studied in CD8 T cells and NK cells, an increasing body of work has focused on impacts of Eomes expression in CD4 T cell responses in an array of different settings. Here, we focus on the varied impacts reported in these studies that, together, indicate the potential of targeting Eomes expression in CD4 T cells as a strategy to improve a variety of clinical outcomes.
Collapse
|
36
|
Hassani MA, Murid J, Yan J. Regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1 gene and its association with malignancy. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2022; 6:e1735. [PMID: 36253342 PMCID: PMC9875622 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the progression of next-generation sequencing technologies, researchers have identified numerous variants of the regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1 (RTEL1) gene that are associated with a broad spectrum of phenotypic manifestations, including malignancies. At the molecular level, RTEL1 is involved in the regulation of the repair, replication, and transcription of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and the maintenance of telomere length. RTEL1 can act both as a promotor and inhibitor of tumorigenesis. Here, we review the potential mechanisms implicated in the malignant transformation of tissues under conditions of RTEL1 deficiency or its aberrant overexpression. RECENT FINDINGS A major hemostatic challenge during RTEL1 dysfunction could arise from its unbalanced activity for unwinding guanine-rich quadruplex DNA (G4-DNA) structures. In contrast, RTEL1 deficiency leads to alterations in telomeric and genome-wide DNA maintenance mechanisms, ribonucleoprotein metabolism, and the creation of an inflammatory and immune-deficient microenvironment, all promoting malignancy. Additionally, we hypothesize that functionally similar molecules could act to compensate for the deteriorated functions of RTEL1, thereby facilitating the survival of malignant cells. On the contrary, RTEL1 over-expression was directed toward G4-unwinding, by promoting replication fork progression and maintaining intact telomeres, may facilitate malignant transformation and proliferation of various pre-malignant cellular compartments. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, restoring the equilibrium of RTEL1 functions could serve as a therapeutic approach for preventing and treating malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Arian Hassani
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Dalian Key Laboratory of HematologySecond Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina,Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Ali Abad Teaching HospitalKabul University of Medical SciencesJamal menaKabulAfghanistan
| | - Jamshid Murid
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Ali Abad Teaching HospitalKabul University of Medical SciencesJamal menaKabulAfghanistan
| | - Jinsong Yan
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Dalian Key Laboratory of HematologySecond Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina,Diamond Bay Institute of HematologySecond Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tieng FYF, Lee LH, Ab Mutalib NS. Deciphering colorectal cancer immune microenvironment transcriptional landscape on single cell resolution - A role for immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:959705. [PMID: 36032085 PMCID: PMC9399368 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.959705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a novel high-throughput technique that enables the investigation of a single cell's entire transcriptome. It elucidates intricate cellular networks and generates indices that will eventually enable the development of more targeted and personalized medications. The importance of scRNA-seq has been highlighted in complex biological systems such as cancer and the immune system, which exhibit significant cellular heterogeneity. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death globally. Chemotherapy continues to be used to treat these patients. However, 5-FU has been utilized in chemotherapy regimens with oxaliplatin and irinotecan since the 1960s and is still used today. Additionally, chemotherapy-resistant metastatic CRCs with poor prognoses have been treated with immunotherapy employing monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapy and cancer vaccines. Personalized immunotherapy employing tumor-specific neoantigens allows for treating each patient as a distinct group. Sequencing and multi-omics approaches have helped us identify patients more precisely in the last decade. The introduction of modern methods and neoantigen-based immunotherapy may usher in a new era in treating CRC. The unmet goal is to better understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms that contribute to CRC pathogenesis and resistance to treatment, identify novel therapeutic targets, and make more stratified and informed treatment decisions using single cell approaches. This review summarizes current scRNA-seq utilization in CRC research, examining its potential utility in the development of precision immunotherapy for CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francis Yew Fu Tieng
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Li N, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Yang F, Zhou F. Study of PD-1 Customization and Autoimmune T Cells for Advanced Colorectal Cancer with High MSI Expression. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:6390924. [PMID: 35965619 PMCID: PMC9357754 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6390924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the significance of PD-1 customization and autoimmune T-cell therapy for advanced colorectal cancer with high MSI expression. Methods One hundred and eight patients with advanced colorectal cancer with high MSI expression admitted to our hospital between August 2019 and January 2022 were divided into control and study groups, and PD-1 customization and autoimmune T-cell therapy were administered to the two groups, respectively. Trends in immune indexes, PD-1 exposure, and survival rates were studied in both groups. Results The treatment efficiency of the study group was 90.74%, which was higher than that of the control group (61.11%) (P < 0. 05); after treatment, the presence of CDl07a, perforin, and GranB cells was significantly higher in both groups compared with that before treatment, but the expression of PD-1 was more pronounced in the study group (P < 0. 05); that is, the expression of PD-1 in peripheral T lymphocytes in the study group compared with that of the control group was higher in patients with grade III-IV, and peripheral T lymphocytes were also higher in patients with grade III-IV compared with patients with grade I-II (P < 0. 05). Conclusion PD-1 customization combined with autoimmune T-cell therapy is a novel therapeutic modality that can substantially improve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Hengshui City People's Hospital, Hengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Hengshui City People's Hospital, Hengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| | - Yinsong Zhang
- Hengshui City People's Hospital, Hengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Hengshui City People's Hospital, Hengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| | - Fengju Zhou
- Hengshui City People's Hospital, Hengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|