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Gao J, Xiong A, Liu J, Li X, Wang J, Zhang L, Liu Y, Xiong Y, Li G, He X. PANoptosis: bridging apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis in cancer progression and treatment. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:970-983. [PMID: 38553639 PMCID: PMC11257964 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00765-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the intricate mechanisms of PANoptosis and its implications in cancer. PANoptosis, a convergence of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, plays a crucial role in cell death and immune response regulation. The study delves into the molecular pathways of each cell death mechanism and their crosstalk within PANoptosis, emphasizing the shared components like caspases and the PANoptosome complex. It highlights the significant role of PANoptosis in various cancers, including respiratory, digestive, genitourinary, gliomas, and breast cancers, showing its impact on tumorigenesis and patient survival rates. We further discuss the interwoven relationship between PANoptosis and the tumor microenvironment (TME), illustrating how PANoptosis influences immune cell behavior and tumor progression. It underscores the dynamic interplay between tumors and their microenvironments, focusing on the roles of different immune cells and their interactions with cancer cells. Moreover, the review presents new breakthroughs in cancer therapy, emphasizing the potential of targeting PANoptosis to enhance anti-tumor immunity. It outlines various strategies to manipulate PANoptosis pathways for therapeutic purposes, such as targeting key signaling molecules like caspases, NLRP3, RIPK1, and RIPK3. The potential of novel treatments like immunogenic PANoptosis-initiated therapies and nanoparticle-based strategies is also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Laboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu third people's hospital branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Anying Xiong
- Laboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu third people's hospital branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Jiliu Liu
- Laboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu third people's hospital branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- Laboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu third people's hospital branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chengdu, 610031, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- Laboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu third people's hospital branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Laboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu third people's hospital branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Laboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu third people's hospital branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan friendship hospital, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Laboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu third people's hospital branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Xiang He
- Laboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu third people's hospital branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
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Hernández-Magaña A, Bensussen A, Martínez-García JC, Álvarez-Buylla ER. Engineering principles for rationally design therapeutic strategies against hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1404319. [PMID: 38939509 PMCID: PMC11208463 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1404319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The search for new therapeutic strategies against cancer has favored the emergence of rationally designed treatments. These treatments have focused on attacking cell plasticity mechanisms to block the transformation of epithelial cells into cancerous cells. The aim of these approaches was to control particularly lethal cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma. However, they have not been able to control the progression of cancer for unknown reasons. Facing this scenario, emerging areas such as systems biology propose using engineering principles to design and optimize cancer treatments. Beyond the possibilities that this approach might offer, it is necessary to know whether its implementation at a clinical level is viable or not. Therefore, in this paper, we will review the engineering principles that could be applied to rationally design strategies against hepatocellular carcinoma, and discuss whether the necessary elements exist to implement them. In particular, we will emphasize whether these engineering principles could be applied to fight hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Bensussen
- Departamento de Control Automático, Cinvestav-IPN, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Elena R. Álvarez-Buylla
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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3
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Wu X, Niu J, Shi Y. Exosomes target HBV-host interactions to remodel the hepatic immune microenvironment. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:315. [PMID: 38840207 PMCID: PMC11151510 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B poses a significant global burden, modulating immune cells, leading to chronic inflammation and long-term damage. Due to its hepatotropism, the hepatitis B virus (HBV) cannot infect other cells. The mechanisms underlying the intercellular communication among different liver cells in HBV-infected individuals and the immune microenvironment imbalance remain elusive. Exosomes, as important intercellular communication and cargo transportation tools between HBV-infected hepatocytes and immune cells, have been shown to assist in HBV cargo transportation and regulate the immune microenvironment. However, the role of exosomes in hepatitis B has only gradually received attention in recent years. Minimal literature has systematically elaborated on the role of exosomes in reshaping the immune microenvironment of the liver. This review unfolds sequentially based on the biological processes of exosomes: exosomes' biogenesis, release, transport, uptake by recipient cells, and their impact on recipient cells. We delineate how HBV influences the biogenesis of exosomes, utilizing exosomal covert transmission, and reshapes the hepatic immune microenvironment. And based on the characteristics and functions of exosomes, potential applications of exosomes in hepatitis B are summarized and predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wu
- Department of Hepatology, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqi Niu
- Department of Hepatology, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Hepatology, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China.
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Luo H, Jing H, Chen W. An extensive overview of the role of lncRNAs generated from immune cells in the etiology of cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112063. [PMID: 38677091 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the control of critical tumor-suppressor and oncogenic pathways in cancer. These types of non-coding RNAs could affect both immune and cancer cells. The thorough analysis of lncRNAs derived from immune cells and the incorporation of new findings significantly advance our understanding of the complex role of lncRNAs in the context of cancer. This work highlights the promise of lncRNAs for translational therapeutic approaches while also establishing a solid foundation for comprehending the complex link between lncRNAs and cancer through a coherent narrative. The main findings of this article are that types of lncRNAs derived from immune cells, such as MM2P and MALAT1, can affect the behaviors of cancer cells, like invasion, angiogenesis, and proliferation. As research in this area grows, the therapeutic potential of targeting these lncRNAs offers promising opportunities for expanding our understanding of cancer biology and developing cutting-edge, precision-based therapies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Luo
- Department of Oncology, Yancheng Branch of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Hailiang Jing
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Yancheng Branch of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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G. de Castro C, G. del Hierro A, H-Vázquez J, Cuesta-Sancho S, Bernardo D. State-of-the-art cytometry in the search of novel biomarkers in digestive cancers. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1407580. [PMID: 38868532 PMCID: PMC11167087 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1407580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite that colorectal and liver cancer are among the most prevalent tumours in the world, the identification of non-invasive biomarkers to aid on their diagnose and subsequent prognosis is a current unmet need that would diminish both their incidence and mortality rates. In this context, conventional flow cytometry has been widely used in the screening of biomarkers with clinical utility in other malignant processes like leukaemia or lymphoma. Therefore, in this review, we will focus on how advanced cytometry panels covering over 40 parameters can be applied on the study of the immune system from patients with colorectal and hepatocellular carcinoma and how that can be used on the search of novel biomarkers to aid or diagnose, prognosis, and even predict clinical response to different treatments. In addition, these multiparametric and unbiased approaches can also provide novel insights into the specific immunopathogenic mechanisms governing these malignant diseases, hence potentially unravelling novel targets to perform immunotherapy or identify novel mechanisms, rendering the development of novel treatments. As a consequence, computational cytometry approaches are an emerging methodology for the early detection and predicting therapies for gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina G. de Castro
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), University of Valladolid and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alejandro G. del Hierro
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), University of Valladolid and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan H-Vázquez
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), University of Valladolid and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sara Cuesta-Sancho
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), University of Valladolid and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - David Bernardo
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), University of Valladolid and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
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Teng Y, Xu J, Wang Y, Wen N, Ye H, Li B. Combining a glycolysis‑related prognostic model based on scRNA‑Seq with experimental verification identifies ZFP41 as a potential prognostic biomarker for HCC. Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:78. [PMID: 38516783 PMCID: PMC10975023 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy with a poor prognosis, and its heterogeneity affects the response to clinical treatments. Glycolysis is highly associated with HCC therapy and prognosis. The present study aimed to identify a novel biomarker for HCC by exploring the heterogeneity of glycolysis in HCC. The intersection of both marker genes of glycolysis‑related cell clusters from single‑cell RNA sequencing analysis and mRNA data of liver HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas were used to construct a prognostic model through Cox proportional hazard regression and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression. Data from the International Cancer Genome Consortium were used to validate the results of the analysis. Immune status analysis was then conducted. A significant gene in the prognostic model was identified as a potential biomarker and was verified through in vitro experiments. The results revealed that the glycolysis‑related prognostic model divided patients with HCC into high‑ and low‑risk groups. A nomogram combining the model and clinical features exhibited accurate predictive ability, with an area under the curve of 0.763 at 3 years. The high‑risk group exhibited a higher expression of checkpoint genes and lower tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion scores, suggesting that this group may be more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. The tumor tissues had a higher zinc finger protein (ZFP)41 mRNA and protein expression compared with the adjacent tissues. In vitro analyses revealed that ZFP41 played a crucial role in cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion and glycolysis. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that the glycolysis‑related prognostic gene, ZFP41, is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target, and may play a crucial role in glycolysis and malignancy in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Teng
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Research Center for Biliary Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jianrong Xu
- Research Center for Biliary Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yaoqun Wang
- Research Center for Biliary Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Division of Biliary Tract Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ningyuan Wen
- Research Center for Biliary Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Division of Biliary Tract Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hui Ye
- Research Center for Biliary Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Division of Biliary Tract Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Bei Li
- Research Center for Biliary Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Division of Biliary Tract Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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7
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Akbulut Z, Aru B, Aydın F, Yanıkkaya Demirel G. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1379622. [PMID: 38638433 PMCID: PMC11024234 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1379622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in cancer treatment, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of liver cancer, remains a major public health problem worldwide. The immune microenvironment plays a critical role in regulating tumor progression and resistance to therapy, and in HCC, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by an abundance of immunosuppressive cells and signals that facilitate immune evasion and metastasis. Recently, anti-cancer immunotherapies, therapeutic interventions designed to modulate the immune system to recognize and eliminate cancer, have become an important cornerstone of cancer therapy. Immunotherapy has demonstrated the ability to improve survival and provide durable cancer control in certain groups of HCC patients, while reducing adverse side effects. These findings represent a significant step toward improving cancer treatment outcomes. As demonstrated in clinical trials, the administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), particularly in combination with anti-angiogenic agents and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, has prolonged survival in a subset of patients with HCC, providing an alternative for patients who progress on first-line therapy. In this review, we aimed to provide an overview of HCC and the role of the immune system in its development, and to summarize the findings of clinical trials involving ICIs, either as monotherapies or in combination with other agents in the treatment of the disease. Challenges and considerations regarding the administration of ICIs in the treatment of HCC are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Akbulut
- Cancer and Stem Cell Research Center, Maltepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Maltepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Başak Aru
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Furkan Aydın
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Rakké YS, Buschow SI, IJzermans JNM, Sprengers D. Engaging stimulatory immune checkpoint interactions in the tumour immune microenvironment of primary liver cancers - how to push the gas after having released the brake. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1357333. [PMID: 38440738 PMCID: PMC10910082 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1357333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are the first and second most common primary liver cancer (PLC). For decades, systemic therapies consisting of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) or chemotherapy have formed the cornerstone of treating advanced-stage HCC and CCA, respectively. More recently, immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) has shown anti-tumour reactivity in some patients. The combination regimen of anti-PD-L1 and anti-VEGF antibodies has been approved as new first-line treatment of advanced-stage HCC. Furthermore, gemcibatine plus cisplatin (GEMCIS) with an anti-PD-L1 antibody is awaiting global approval for the treatment of advanced-stage CCA. As effective anti-tumour reactivity using ICI is achieved in a minor subset of both HCC and CCA patients only, alternative immune strategies to sensitise the tumour microenvironment of PLC are waited for. Here we discuss immune checkpoint stimulation (ICS) as additional tool to enhance anti-tumour reactivity. Up-to-date information on the clinical application of ICS in onco-immunology is provided. This review provides a rationale of the application of next-generation ICS either alone or in combination regimen to potentially enhance anti-tumour reactivity in PLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick S. Rakké
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC-Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sonja I. Buschow
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-Cancer Institute-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan N. M. IJzermans
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC-Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dave Sprengers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-Cancer Institute-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Wang X, Yuan Z, Li Z, He X, Zhang Y, Wang X, Su J, Wu X, Li M, Du F, Chen Y, Deng S, Zhao Y, Shen J, Yi T, Xiao Z. Key oncogenic signaling pathways affecting tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma: basic principles and recent advances. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1354313. [PMID: 38426090 PMCID: PMC10902128 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1354313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks first among primary liver cancers, and its mortality rate exhibits a consistent annual increase. The treatment of HCC has witnessed a significant surge in recent years, with the emergence of targeted immune therapy as an adjunct to early surgical resection. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has shown promising results in other types of solid tumors. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the intricate interactions between different types of TILs and their impact on HCC, elucidate strategies for targeting neoantigens through TILs, and address the challenges encountered in TIL therapies along with potential solutions. Furthermore, this article specifically examines the impact of oncogenic signaling pathways activation within the HCC tumor microenvironment on the infiltration dynamics of TILs. Additionally, a concise overview is provided regarding TIL preparation techniques and an update on clinical trials investigating TIL-based immunotherapy in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zijun Yuan
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhengbo Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Longmatan District People’s Hospital, Luzhou, China
| | - Xinyu He
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yinping Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xingyue Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiahong Su
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuai Deng
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Yi
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Gorji L, Brown ZJ, Pawlik TM. Advances and considerations in the use of immunotherapies for primary hepato-biliary malignancies. Surg Oncol 2024; 52:102031. [PMID: 38128340 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2023.102031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) comprise the two most common primary liver malignancies. Curative treatment options often include hepatectomy or liver transplantation; however, many patients present with advanced disease that is not amenable to surgical management. In turn, many patients are treated with systemic or targeted therapy. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex network of immune cells and somatic cells, which can foster an environment for disease development and progression, as well as susceptibility and resistance to systemic therapeutic agents. In particular, the TME is comprised of both immune and non-immune cells. Immune cells such as T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages, and neutrophils reside in the TME and can affect tumorigenesis, disease progression, as well as response to therapy. Given the importance of the immune system, there are many emerging approaches for cancer immunotherapy. We herein provide a review the latest data on immunotherapy for primary HCC and BTC relative to the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leva Gorji
- Department of Surgery, Kettering Health Dayton, Dayton, OH, USA.
| | - Zachary J Brown
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, New York University - Long Island, Mineola, NY, 11501, USA.
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Yang BF, Ma Q, Hui Y, Gao XC, Ma DY, Li JX, Pei ZX, Huang BR. Identification of cuproptosis and ferroptosis-related subgroups and development of a signature for predicting prognosis and tumor microenvironment landscape in hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2023; 12:3327-3345. [PMID: 38192999 PMCID: PMC10774034 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Background Ferroptosis and cuproptosis play a crucial role in the progression and dissemination of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The primary objective of this study was to develop a unique scoring system for predicting the prognosis and immunological landscape of HCC based on ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs). Methods As the training cohort, we assembled a novel HCC cohort by merging gene expression data and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The validation cohort consisted of 230 HCC cases taken from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database. Multiple genomic characteristics, such as tumor mutation burden (TMB), and copy number variations were analyzed concurrently. On the basis of the expression of CRGs and FRGs, patients were classified into cuproptosis and ferroptosis subtypes. Then, we constructed a risk model using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis and Cox regression analysis based on ferroptosis and cuproptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Patients were separated into two groups according to median risk score. We compared the immunophenotype, tumor microenvironment (TME), cancer stem cell index, and treatment sensitivity of two groups. Results Three subtypes of ferroptosis and two subtypes of cuproptosis were identified among the patients. A greater likelihood of survival (P<0.05) was expected for patients in FRGcluster B and CRGcluster B. After that, a confirmed risk signature for ferroptosis and cuproptosis was developed and tested. Patients in the low-risk group had significantly higher survival rates than those in the high-risk group, according to our study (P<0.001). There was also a strong correlation between the signature and other variables including immunophenoscore, TMB, cancer stem cell index, immunological checkpoint genes, and sensitivity to chemotherapeutics. Conclusions Through this comprehensive research, we identified a unique risk signature associated with HCC patients' treatment status and prognosis. Our findings highlight FRGs' and CRGs' significance in clinical practice and imply ferroptosis and cuproptosis may be therapeutic targets for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Feng Yang
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qi Ma
- School of Integrative Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Hui
- School of Integrative Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Chun Gao
- School of Integrative Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Da-You Ma
- School of Integrative Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing-Xian Li
- School of Integrative Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Xue Pei
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bang-Rong Huang
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
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12
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Wu D, Li Y. Application of adoptive cell therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Immunology 2023; 170:453-469. [PMID: 37435926 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a global health challenge. Novel treatment modalities are urgently needed to extend the overall survival of patients. The liver plays an immunomodulatory function due to its unique physiological structural characteristics. Therefore, following surgical resection and radiotherapy, immunotherapy regimens have shown great potential in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Adoptive cell immunotherapy is rapidly developing in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, we summarize the latest research on adoptive immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. The focus is on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells and T cell receptor (TCR) engineered T cells. Then tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), natural killer (NK) cells, cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells, and macrophages are briefly discussed. The main overview of the application and challenges of adoptive immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. It aims to provide the reader with a comprehensive understanding of the current status of HCC adoptive immunotherapy and offers some strategies. We hope to provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengqiang Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo No. 6 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Clinical Laboratory of Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, Ningbo, China
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13
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Huang J, Wu Q, Geller DA, Yan Y. Macrophage metabolism, phenotype, function, and therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). J Transl Med 2023; 21:815. [PMID: 37968714 PMCID: PMC10652641 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04716-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The pivotal role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the initiation and advancement of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is widely acknowledged, as it fosters the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells. Within the intricate TME of HCC, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent a significant constituent of non-malignant cells. TAMs engage in direct communication with cancer cells in HCC, while also exerting influence on other immune cells to adopt a tumor-supportive phenotype that facilitates tumor progression. Among the multifaceted mechanisms at play, the metabolic reprogramming of both tumor cells and macrophages leads to phenotypic alterations and functional modifications in macrophages. This comprehensive review elucidates the intricate interplay between cellular metabolism and macrophage phenotype/polarization, while also providing an overview of the associated signaling molecules and potential therapeutic strategies for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingquan Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiulin Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi, China
| | - David A Geller
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
| | - Yihe Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi, China.
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14
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Jangid AK, Kim S, Kim HJ, Kim K. Biomaterial-Mediated Exogenous Facile Coating of Natural Killer Cells for Enhancing Anticancer Efficacy toward Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:1789-1801. [PMID: 37726892 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells exhibit a good therapeutic efficacy against various malignant cancer cells. However, the therapeutic efficacy of plain NK cells is relatively low due to inadequate selectivity for cancer cells. Therefore, to enhance the targeting selectivity and anticancer efficacy of NK cells, we have rationally designed a biomaterial-mediated ex vivo surface engineering technique for the membrane decoration of cancer recognition ligands onto NK cells. Our designed lipid conjugate biomaterial contains three major functional moieties: (1) 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE) lipid for cell membrane anchoring, (2) polyethylene glycol for intracellular penetration blocker, and (3) lactobionic acid (LBA) for cancer recognition. The biomaterial was successfully applied to NK cell surfaces (LBA-NK) to enhance recognition and anticancer functionalities, especially toward asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR)-overexpressing hepatocellular carcinoma. Highly efficient and homogeneous NK cell surface editing was achieved with a simple coating process while maintaining intrinsic properties of NK cells. LBA-NK cells showed potential ASGPR-mediated tumor cell binding (through LBA-ASGPR interaction) and thereby significantly augmented anticancer efficacies against HepG2 liver cancer cells. Thus, LBA-NK cells can be a novel engineering strategy for the treatment of liver cancers via facilitated immune synapse interactions in comparison with currently available cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Jangid
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, South Korea
| | - Sungjun Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Kyobum Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, South Korea
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15
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Qu WF, Tian MX, Lu HW, Zhou YF, Liu WR, Tang Z, Yao Z, Huang R, Zhu GQ, Jiang XF, Tao CY, Fang Y, Gao J, Wu XL, Chen JF, Zhao QF, Yang R, Chu TH, Zhou J, Fan J, Yu JH, Shi YH. Development of a deep pathomics score for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver transplantation. Hepatol Int 2023; 17:927-941. [PMID: 37031334 PMCID: PMC10386986 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-023-10511-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Tumor recurrence after liver transplantation (LT) impedes the curative chance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. This study aimed to develop a deep pathomics score (DPS) for predicting tumor recurrence after liver transplantation using deep learning. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two datasets of 380 HCC patients who underwent LT were enrolled. Residual convolutional neural networks were used to identify six histological structures of HCC. The individual risk score of each structure and DPS were derived by a modified DeepSurv network. Cox regression analysis and Concordance index were used to evaluate the prognostic significance. The cellular exploration of prognostic immune biomarkers was performed by quantitative and spatial proximity analysis according to three panels of 7-color immunofluorescence. RESULTS The overall classification accuracy of HCC tissue was 97%. At the structural level, immune cells were the most significant tissue category for predicting post-LT recurrence (HR 1.907, 95% CI 1.490-2.440). The C-indices of DPS achieved 0.827 and 0.794 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Multivariate analysis for recurrence-free survival (RFS) showed that DPS (HR 4.795, 95% CI 3.017-7.619) was an independent risk factor. Patients in the high-risk subgroup had a shorter RFS, larger tumor diameter and a lower proportion of clear tumor borders. At the cellular level, a higher infiltration of intratumoral NK cells was negatively correlated with recurrence risk. CONCLUSIONS This study established an effective DPS. Immune cells were the most significant histological structure related to HCC recurrence. DPS performed well in post-LT recurrence prediction and the identification of clinicopathological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Feng Qu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Xin Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Wei Lu
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yu-Fu Zhou
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Ren Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Yao
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Run Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gui-Qi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Fei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-Yang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Fu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Hao Chu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Hua Yu
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Ying-Hong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Research Unit of Liver Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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16
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Yi Q, Yang J, Wu Y, Wang Y, Cao Q, Wen W. Immune microenvironment changes of liver cirrhosis: emerging role of mesenchymal stromal cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1204524. [PMID: 37539053 PMCID: PMC10395751 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1204524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cirrhosis is a progressive and diffuse liver disease characterized by liver tissue fibrosis and impaired liver function. This condition is brought about by several factors, including chronic hepatitis, hepatic steatosis, alcohol abuse, and other immunological injuries. The pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis is a complex process that involves the interaction of various immune cells and cytokines, which work together to create the hepatic homeostasis imbalance in the liver. Some studies have indicated that alterations in the immune microenvironment of liver cirrhosis are closely linked to the development and prognosis of the disease. The noteworthy function of mesenchymal stem cells and their paracrine secretion lies in their ability to promote the production of cytokines, which in turn enhance the self-repairing capabilities of tissues. The objective of this review is to provide a summary of the alterations in liver homeostasis and to discuss intercellular communication within the organ. Recent research on MSCs is yielding a blueprint for cell typing and biomarker immunoregulation. Hopefully, as MSCs researches continue to progress, novel therapeutic approaches will emerge to address cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Yi
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Jinxian Yang
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Qiqi Cao
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Wen
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
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17
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Yu Q, Shi X, Wang H, Zhang S, Hu S, Cai T. A Novel Prognostic Signature of comprising Nine NK Cell signatures Based on Both Bulk RNA Sequencing and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Cancer 2023; 14:2209-2223. [PMID: 37576389 PMCID: PMC10414035 DOI: 10.7150/jca.85873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has limited prognostic prediction due to its heterogeneity. Understanding the role of natural killer (NK) cells in HCC is vital for prognosis and immunotherapy guidance. We aimed to identify NK cell marker genes through scRNA-seq and develop a prognostic signature for HCC. Methods: We analyzed scRNA-seq data (GSE149614) from 10 patients and bulk RNA-seq data from 786 patients with clinicopathological information. NK cell marker genes were identified using clustering and marker finding functions. A predictive risk signature was constructed using LASSO-COX algorithm. Functional annotations and immune cell infiltration analysis were performed, and the nomogram's performance was evaluated. Results: We identified 79 NK cell marker genes associated with NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and immune response. The multigene signature significantly correlated with overall survival (OS) in TCGA-LIHC cohort and was validated in other cohorts. Low-risk patients exhibited higher immune cell infiltration, including CD8+ T cells. The risk signature was an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR > 1, p < 0.001). The nomogram combining the risk signature and clinical predictors demonstrated robust prognostic ability. Conclusion: We developed a nine-gene signature prognostic model based on NK cell marker genes to accurately assess the prognostic risk of HCC. This model can be a valuable tool for personalized evaluation post-surgery. Our study underscores the potential of NK cells in HCC prognosis and highlights the importance of scRNA-seq analysis in identifying prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yu
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315032, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Xuefeng Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qinghai provincial people's hospital, Xining 81000, China
| | - Hongjian Wang
- College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign 61820, USA
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Songnian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ting Cai
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315032, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315010, China
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18
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Kleczka A, Mazur B, Tomaszek K, Gabriel A, Dzik R, Kabała-Dzik A. Association of NK Cells with the Severity of Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2187. [PMID: 37443584 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13132187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Some NK cell subpopulations may be involved in the modulation of fibrogenesis in the liver. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the number and phenotype of NK cell subsets in peripheral blood (PB) and total NK cell percentage, population density and the degree of liver fibrosis of patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV+). The study group consisted of 56 HCV+ patients, divided into two subgroups: patients with mild or moderate fibrosis and patients with advanced liver fibrosis or cirrhosis (F ≥ 3 in METAVIR classification). The preparations were stained with H-E and AZAN staining. NK cells were targeted with anti-CD56 antibody and identified automatically in situ using the DakoVision system. Assessment of different NK cell subsets in PB was performed with the flow cytometry technique. In the PB of HCV+ patients with advanced liver fibrosis, there was a lower proportion of CD62L+; CD62L+/CD94++; CD27+; CD127+/CD27+ and CXCR3+/CD27+ NK subsets, as compared to patients with mild/moderate liver fibrosis. The results also showed no association between total PB NK cell level and total intrahepatic NK cell population density between patients with mild/moderate fibrosis and with advanced liver fibrosis. However, positive correlations between the PB levels of CD94+ and CD62L+ NK cell subsets and the intrahepatic total NK cell percentage and population density in the liver, irrespectively to the extent of fibrosis, were observed. Additionally, positive correlation was found between the PB CXCR3+/CD94+ NK cell percentages and intrahepatic NK cell percentages in patients with advanced hepatic fibrosis. Lower blood availability of specific NK subsets in patients with chronic type C hepatitis might be a cause of progression of liver fibrosis via insufficient control over hepatic stellate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kleczka
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Ostrogórska 30, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Bogdan Mazur
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Tomaszek
- Department of Pathomorphology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Andrzej Gabriel
- Department of Pathomorphology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Radosław Dzik
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biosensors and Processing of Biomedical Signals, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Agata Kabała-Dzik
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Ostrogórska 30, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
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19
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Li M, Huang J, Zhan G, Li Y, Fang C, Xiang B. The Novel-Natural-Killer-Cell-Related Gene Signature Predicts the Prognosis and Immune Status of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119587. [PMID: 37298537 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The current understanding of the prognostic significance of natural killer (NK) cells and their tumor microenvironment (TME) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited. Thus, we screened for NK-cell-related genes by single-cell transcriptome data analysis and developed an NK-cell-related gene signature (NKRGS) using multi-regression analyses. Patients in the Cancer Genome Atlas cohort were stratified into high- and low-risk groups according to their median NKRGS risk scores. Overall survival between the risk groups was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and a NKRGS-based nomogram was constructed. Immune infiltration profiles were compared between the risk groups. The NKRGS risk model suggests significantly worse prognoses in patients with high NKRGS risk (p < 0.05). The NKRGS-based nomogram showed good prognostic performance. The immune infiltration analysis revealed that the high-NKRGS-risk patients had significantly lower immune cell infiltration levels (p < 0.05) and were more likely to be in an immunosuppressive state. The enrichment analysis revealed that immune-related and tumor metabolism pathways highly correlated with the prognostic gene signature. In this study, a novel NKRGS was developed to stratify the prognosis of HCC patients. An immunosuppressive TME coincided with the high NKRGS risk among the HCC patients. The higher KLRB1 and DUSP10 expression levels correlated with the patients' favorable survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Juntao Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Guohua Zhan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yuankuan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Chunye Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Bangde Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Nanning 530021, China
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20
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Li W, Wang Q, Lu J, Zhao B, Geng Y, Wu X, Chen X. Machine learning-based prognostic modeling of lysosome-related genes for predicting prognosis and immune status of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1169256. [PMID: 37275878 PMCID: PMC10237352 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1169256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Lysosomes are organelles that play an important role in cancer progression by breaking down biomolecules. However, the molecular mechanisms of lysosome-related genes in HCC are not fully understood. Methods We downloaded HCC datasets from TCGA and GEO as well as lysosome-related gene sets from AIMGO. After univariate Cox screening of the set of lysosome-associated genes differentially expressed in HCC and normal tissues, risk models were built by machine learning. Model effects were assessed using the concordance index (C-index), Kaplan-Meier (K-M) and receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). Additionally, we explored the biological function and immune microenvironment between the high- and low-risk groups, and analyzed the response of the high- and low-risk groups to immunotherapy responsiveness and chemotherapeutic agents. Finally, we explored the function of a key gene (RAMP3) at the cellular level. Results Univariate Cox yielded 46 differentially and prognostically significant lysosome-related genes, and risk models were constructed using eight genes (RAMP3, GPLD1, FABP5, CD68, CSPG4, SORT1, CSPG5, CSF3R) derived from machine learning. The risk model was a better predictor of clinical outcomes, with the higher risk group having worse clinical outcomes. There were significant differences in biological function, immune microenvironment, and responsiveness to immunotherapy and drug sensitivity between the high and low-risk groups. Finally, we found that RAMP3 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells and correlated with the sensitivity of HCC cells to Idarubicin. Conclusion Lysosome-associated gene risk models built by machine learning can effectively predict patient prognosis and offer new prospects for chemotherapy and immunotherapy in HCC. In addition, cellular-level experiments suggest that RAMP3 may be a new target for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Li
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of High Morbidity in Central Asia, National Health and Health Commission, Shihezi, China
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Qianwen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of High Morbidity in Central Asia, National Health and Health Commission, Shihezi, China
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Junxia Lu
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of High Morbidity in Central Asia, National Health and Health Commission, Shihezi, China
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of High Morbidity in Central Asia, National Health and Health Commission, Shihezi, China
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Yuqing Geng
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of High Morbidity in Central Asia, National Health and Health Commission, Shihezi, China
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of High Morbidity in Central Asia, National Health and Health Commission, Shihezi, China
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Xueling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of High Morbidity in Central Asia, National Health and Health Commission, Shihezi, China
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
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21
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Yang M, Vanderwert E, Kimchi ET, Staveley-O'Carroll KF, Li G. The Important Roles of Natural Killer Cells in Liver Fibrosis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051391. [PMID: 37239062 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis accompanies the development of various chronic liver diseases and promotes their progression. It is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) and impaired ECM degradation. Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the major cellular source of ECM-producing myofibroblasts. If liver fibrosis is uncontrolled, it may lead to cirrhosis and even liver cancer, primarily hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Natural killer (NK) cells are a key component of innate immunity and have miscellaneous roles in liver health and disease. Accumulating evidence shows that NK cells play dual roles in the development and progression of liver fibrosis, including profibrotic and anti-fibrotic functions. Regulating NK cells can suppress the activation of HSCs and improve their cytotoxicity against activated HSCs or myofibroblasts to reverse liver fibrosis. Cells such as regulatory T cells (Tregs) and molecules such as prostaglandin E receptor 3 (EP3) can regulate the cytotoxic function of NK cells. In addition, treatments such as alcohol dehydrogenase 3 (ADH3) inhibitors, microRNAs, natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) activators, and natural products can enhance NK cell function to inhibit liver fibrosis. In this review, we summarized the cellular and molecular factors that affect the interaction of NK cells with HSCs, as well as the treatments that regulate NK cell function against liver fibrosis. Despite a lot of information about NK cells and their interaction with HSCs, our current knowledge is still insufficient to explain the complex crosstalk between these cells and hepatocytes, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, Kupffer cells, B cells, and T cells, as well as thrombocytes, regarding the development and progression of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Ethan Vanderwert
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Eric T Kimchi
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Kevin F Staveley-O'Carroll
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Guangfu Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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22
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Zhang K, Yuan E. Combined analysis of bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing reveals novel natural killer cell-related prognostic biomarkers for predicting immunotherapeutic response in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1142126. [PMID: 37056756 PMCID: PMC10086229 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1142126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionNatural killer (NK) cells play an irreplaceable and important role as a subtype of innate immune cells in the contemporary setting of antitumor immunity.MethodsWe chose a total of 1,196 samples for this analysis from the public dataset’s six separate cohorts. To identify 42 NK cell marker genes, we first carried out a thorough study of single-cell RNA sequencing data from the GSE149614 cohort of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).ResultsUsing the NK cell marker genes in the TCGA cohort, we next created a seven-gene prognostic signature, separating the patients into two categories with distinct survival patterns. This signature’s prognostic prediction ability was well verified across several validation cohorts. Patients with high scores had higher TIDE scores but lower immune cell infiltration percentages. Importantly, low-scoring patients had superior immunotherapy response and prognosis than high-scoring patients in an independent immunotherapy cohort (IMvigor210). Finally, we used CD56 and TUBA1B antibodies for immunohistochemical labeling of HCC tissue sections, and we discovered a lower number of CD56+ cells in the HCC tissue sections with high TUBA1B expression.DiscussionIn summary, our research created a unique prognostic profile based on NK cell marker genes that may accurately predict how well immunotherapy would work for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- *Correspondence: Kai Zhang, ; Enwu Yuan,
| | - Enwu Yuan
- *Correspondence: Kai Zhang, ; Enwu Yuan,
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23
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Bi X, Xie S, Wu S, Cao W, Lin Y, Yang L, Jiang T, Deng W, Wang S, Liu R, Gao Y, Shen G, Chang M, Hao H, Xu M, Chen X, Hu L, Lu Y, Zhang L, Xie Y, Li M. Changes of natural killer cells' phenotype in patients with chronic hepatitis B in intermittent interferon therapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1116689. [PMID: 36793722 PMCID: PMC9922744 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1116689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the changes of natural killer (NK) cell phenotype in the interferon alpha (IFN-α) treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and its relationship with clinical indicators. Methods The CHB patients who did not receive any antiviral treatment were set as initial treatment group and used pegylated interferon alpha (PEG-IFN α). Peripheral blood samples were collected at baseline, 4 weeks, and 12-24 weeks. For IFN-treated patients who entered the plateau were set as plateau group, and PEG-IFN α was discontinued and resumed after an interval of 12-24 weeks. Besides, we also enrolled some patients who had received oral drug for more than 6 months as oral drug group without follow up. Peripheral blood was collected during the plateau period, which was set as baseline, and after 12-24 weeks of intermittent treatment, and after 12-24 weeks of additional treatment with PEG-IFN α. The aim of the collection was to detect hepatitis B virus (HBV) virology, serology and biochemical indicators, and the NK cell related phenotype was detected by flow cytometry. Results In the plateau group, subgroup of CD69+CD56dim was higher with statistical significance when comparing with the initial treatment group and oral drug group [10.49 (5.27, 19.07) vs 5.03 (3.67, 8.58), Z = -3.11, P = 0.002; 10.49 (5.27, 19.07) vs 4.04 (1.90, 7.26), Z = -5.30, P < 0.001)]. CD57+CD56dim was significantly lower than that in initial treatment group and oral drug group respectively [68.42±10.37 vs 55.85±12.87, t = 5.84, P < 0.001; 76.38±9.49 vs 55.85±12.87, t = -9.65, P < 0.001]. The CD56brightCD16- subgroup in the plateau group was higher with statistical significance compared with initial treatment group and oral drug group respectively [11.64 (6.05, 19.61) vs 3.58 (1.94, 5.60), Z = -6.35, P < 0.001; 11.64 (6.05, 19.61) vs 2.37 (1.70, 4.30), Z = -7.74, P < 0.001)]. CD57+CD56dim in the plateau group had a significant higher percentage than that at baseline after IFN discontinuation for 12-24 weeks (55.85±12.87 vs 65.95±12.94, t = -2.78, P = 0.011). Conclusion During the long-term treatment of IFN, the killer subgroup of NK cells is continuously depleted, leading to the differentiation of the regulatory subgroup into the killer subgroup. In the killing subgroup, although the number is continuously depleted, the activity of the subgroup is continuously increased. In the plateau phase, after stopping IFN for a period of time, the number of NK cell subsets would gradually recover, but was still lower than that in the initial treatment group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Bi
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Si Xie
- Division of Hepatology, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuling Wu
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weihua Cao
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Department of Infectious Diseases, Miyun Teaching Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjie Lin
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Deng
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruyu Liu
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanjiao Gao
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Shen
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Chang
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxiao Hao
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjiao Xu
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxue Chen
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Leiping Hu
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Xie
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Department of Hepatology Division 2, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Department of Hepatology Division 2, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Minghui Li,
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24
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A six lipid metabolism related gene signature for predicting the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20781. [PMID: 36456877 PMCID: PMC9715694 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25356-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal malignant tumors. Studies have shown that alterations in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) play a significant role in the pathogenesis and progression of HCC, and notably, lipid metabolism has been shown to regulate TIME. Therefore, in predicting the prognosis and efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with HCC, lipid metabolism-related prognostic factors are highly relevant. mRNA expression data of HCC were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), and gene expression omnibus (GEO) databases. and lipid metabolism-related genes were also obtained from the GSEA databases. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis were used to explore lipid metabolism-related prognostic genes and further construct a prognostic signature in the training set, ICGC and GSE54236 were used to validate the accuracy of the signature. qRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related prognostic genes in HCC tissues and their paired adjacent tissues. Nile red staining was used to demonstrate lipid content in HCC tissues. Immunofluores-cence and ELISA were used to detect immune cells and immune responses in HCC tissues and serum. Six lipid metabolism-related genes (ADH1C, APEX1, ME1, S100A10, ACACA and CYP2C9) were identified as independent prognostic factors, which were used for risk model construction for HCC patients. The areas under the 1-, 2-, and 3-year ROC curves for the TCGA cohort were 0.758, 0.701 and 0.671, respectively. Compared with paired paracancerous tissues, qRT-PCR revealed that APEX1, ME1, S100A10 and ACACA were up-regulated in HCC tissues, whereas ADH1C and CYP2C9 were down-regulated in HCC tissues. Nile red staining indicated that this study showed that both the HCC tissue and serum of patients in the high-risk group exhibited lipid accumulation. Our identified prognostic model comprising six lipid metabolism-related genes could provide survival prediction. Moreover, HCC drug therapy target selection and molecular marker research can be guided by our predictive model.
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25
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Li Q, Chen F, Wang F. The immunological mechanisms and therapeutic potential in drug-induced liver injury: lessons learned from acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:187. [PMID: 36414987 PMCID: PMC9682794 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00921-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute liver failure caused by drug overdose is a significant clinical problem in developed countries. Acetaminophen (APAP), a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug, but its overdose can cause acute liver failure. In addition to APAP-induced direct hepatotoxicity, the intracellular signaling mechanisms of APAP-induced liver injury (AILI) including metabolic activation, mitochondrial oxidant stress and proinflammatory response further affect progression and severity of AILI. Liver inflammation is a result of multiple interactions of cell death molecules, immune cell-derived cytokines and chemokines, as well as damaged cell-released signals which orchestrate hepatic immune cell infiltration. The immunoregulatory interplay of these inflammatory mediators and switching of immune responses during AILI lead to different fate of liver pathology. Thus, better understanding the complex interplay of immune cell subsets in experimental models and defining their functional involvement in disease progression are essential to identify novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of AILI. Here, this present review aims to systematically elaborate on the underlying immunological mechanisms of AILI, its relevance to immune cells and their effector molecules, and briefly discuss great therapeutic potential based on inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Li
- grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Division of Gastroenterology, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.628, Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 China
| | - Feng Chen
- grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Division of Gastroenterology, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.628, Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 China
| | - Fei Wang
- grid.511083.e0000 0004 7671 2506Division of Gastroenterology, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.628, Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107 China
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