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Han P, Liu X, He J, Han L, Li J. Overview of mechanisms and novel therapies on rheumatoid arthritis from a cellular perspective. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1461756. [PMID: 39376556 PMCID: PMC11456432 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1461756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation of joints in response to autoimmune disorders. Once triggered, many factors were involved in the development of RA, including both cellular factors like osteoclasts, synovial fibroblasts, T cells, B cells, and soluble factors like interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-17 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), etc. The complex interplay of those factors results in such pathological abnormality as synovial hyperplasia, bone injury and multi-joint inflammation. To treat this chronic life-affecting disease, the primary drugs used in easing the patient's symptoms are disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). However, these traditional drugs could cause serious side effects, such as high blood pressure and stomach ulcers. Interestingly, recent discoveries on the pathogenesis of RA have led to various new kinds of drugs or therapeutic strategies. Therefore, we present a timely review of the latest development in this field, focusing on the cellular aspects of RA pathogenesis and new therapeutic methods in clinical application. Hopefully it can provide translational guide to the pre-clinical research and treatment for the autoimmune joint disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Han
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jiang He
- Key Laboratory of Uygur Medicine, Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi, China
| | - Luyang Han
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
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2
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Le Maître M, Guerrier T, Collet A, Derhourhi M, Meneboo JP, Toussaint B, Bonnefond A, Villenet C, Sebda S, Bongiovanni A, Tardivel M, Simon M, Jendoubi M, Daunou B, Largy A, Figeac M, Dubucquoi S, Launay D. Characteristics and impact of infiltration of B-cells from systemic sclerosis patients in a 3D healthy skin model. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1373464. [PMID: 39185406 PMCID: PMC11341436 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1373464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction In systemic sclerosis (SSc), B-cells are activated and present in the skin and lung of patients where they can interact with fibroblasts. The precise impact and mechanisms of the interaction of B-cells and fibroblasts at the tissular level are poorly studied. Objective We investigated the impact and mechanisms of B-cell/fibroblast interactions in cocultures between B-cells from patients with SSc and 3-dimensional reconstituted healthy skin model including fibroblasts, keratinocytes and extracellular matrix. Methods The quantification and description of the B-cell infiltration in 3D cocultures were performed using cells imagery strategy and cytometry. The effect of coculture on the transcriptome of B-cells and fibroblasts was studied with bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing approaches. The mechanisms of this interaction were studied by blocking key cytokines like IL-6 and TNF. Results We showed a significant infiltration of B-cells in the 3D healthy skin model. The amount but not the depth of infiltration was higher with B-cells from SSc patients and with activated B-cells. B-cell infiltrates were mainly composed of naïve and memory cells, whose frequencies differed depending on B-cells origin and activation state: infiltrated B-cells from patients with SSc showed an activated profile and an overexpression of immunoglobulin genes compared to circulating B-cells before infiltration. Our study has shown for the first time that activated B-cells modified the transcriptomic profile of both healthy and SSc fibroblasts, toward a pro-inflammatory (TNF and IL-17 signaling) and interferon profile, with a key role of the TNF pathway. Conclusion B-cells and 3D skin cocultures allowed the modelization of B-cells infiltration in tissues observed in SSc, uncovering an influence of the underlying disease and the activation state of B-cells. We showed a pro-inflammatory effect on skin fibroblasts and pro-activation effect on infiltrating B-cells during coculture. This reinforces the role of B-cells in SSc and provide potential targets for future therapeutic approach in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Le Maître
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille, France
| | - Thomas Guerrier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille, France
| | - Aurore Collet
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Institut d’Immunologie, Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, Lille, France
| | - Mehdi Derhourhi
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Pascal Meneboo
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, Lille, France
| | - Bénédicte Toussaint
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Céline Villenet
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, Lille, France
| | - Shéhérazade Sebda
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, Lille, France
| | - Antonino Bongiovanni
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, Lille, France
| | - Meryem Tardivel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, Lille, France
| | - Myriam Simon
- Service de Médecine Interne et d’Immunologie Clinique, Centre de Référence Des Maladies Auto-Immunes et Systémiques Rares du Nord et Nord-Ouest de France (CeRAINO), CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Manel Jendoubi
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille, France
| | - Blanche Daunou
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille, France
| | - Alexis Largy
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille, France
| | - Martin Figeac
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, Lille, France
| | - Sylvain Dubucquoi
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Institut d’Immunologie, Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, Lille, France
| | - David Launay
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille, France
- Service de Médecine Interne et d’Immunologie Clinique, Centre de Référence Des Maladies Auto-Immunes et Systémiques Rares du Nord et Nord-Ouest de France (CeRAINO), CHU Lille, Lille, France
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3
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McGrath S, Grimstad K, Thorarinsdottir K, Forslind K, Glinatsi D, Leu Agelii M, Aranburu A, Sundell T, Jonsson CA, Camponeschi A, Hultgård Ekwall AK, Tilevik A, Gjertsson I, Mårtensson IL. Correlation of Professional Antigen-Presenting Tbet +CD11c + B Cells With Bone Destruction in Untreated Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2024; 76:1263-1277. [PMID: 38570939 DOI: 10.1002/art.42857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Subsets of CD21-/low memory B cells (MBCs), including double-negative (DN, CD27-IgD-) and Tbet+CD11c+ cells, are expanded in chronic inflammatory diseases. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), CD21-/low MBCs correlate with joint destruction. However, whether this is due to the Tbet+CD11c+ subset, its function and pathogenic contribution to RA are unknown. This study aims to investigate the association between CD21-/lowTbet+CD11c+ MBCs and joint destruction as well as other clinical parameters and to elucidate their functional properties in patients with untreated RA (uRA). METHODS Clinical observations were combined with flow cytometry (n = 36) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and V(D)J sequencing (n = 4) of peripheral blood (PB) MBCs from patients with uRA. The transcriptome of circulating Tbet+CD11c+ MBCs was compared with scRNA-seq data of synovial B cells. In vitro coculture of Tbet+CD11c+ B cells with T cells was used to assess costimulatory capacity. RESULTS CD21-/lowTbet+CD11c+ MBCs in PB correlated with bone destruction but no other clinical parameters analyzed. The Tbet+CD11c+ MBCs have undergone clonal expansion and express somatically mutated V genes. Gene expression analysis of these cells identified a unique signature of more than 150 up-regulated genes associated with antigen presentation functions, including B cell receptor activation and clathrin-mediated antigen internalization; regulation of actin filaments, endosomes, and lysosomes; antigen processing, loading, presentation, and costimulation; a transcriptome mirrored in their synovial tissue counterparts. In vitro, Tbet+CD11c+ B cells induced retinoic acid receptor-related orphan nuclear receptor γT expression in CD4+ T cells, thereby polarizing to Th17 cells, a T cell subset critical for osteoclastogenesis and associated with bone destruction. CONCLUSION This study suggests that Tbet+CD11c+ MBCs contribute to the pathogenesis of RA by promoting bone destruction through antigen presentation, T cell activation, and Th17 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah McGrath
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Grimstad
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, and School of Bioscience, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Katrin Thorarinsdottir
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristina Forslind
- Lund University, Lund, Sweden, and Spenshult Research and Development Centre, Halmstad, Sweden
| | | | - Monica Leu Agelii
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alaitz Aranburu
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Timothy Sundell
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Charlotte A Jonsson
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alessandro Camponeschi
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna-Karin Hultgård Ekwall
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Inger Gjertsson
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Inga-Lill Mårtensson
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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4
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Raposo B, Klareskog L, Robinson WH, Malmström V, Grönwall C. The peculiar features, diversity and impact of citrulline-reactive autoantibodies. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2024; 20:399-416. [PMID: 38858604 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-024-01124-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Since entering the stage 25 years ago as a highly specific serological biomarker for rheumatoid arthritis, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) have been a topic of extensive research. This hallmark B cell response arises years before disease onset, displays interpatient autoantigen variability, and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Technological and scientific advances have revealed broad clonal diversity and intriguing features including high levels of somatic hypermutation, variable-domain N-linked glycosylation, hapten-like peptide interactions, and clone-specific multireactivity to citrullinated, carbamylated and acetylated epitopes. ACPAs have been found in different isotypes and subclasses, in both circulation and tissue, and are secreted by both plasmablasts and long-lived plasma cells. Notably, although some disease-promoting features have been reported, results now demonstrate that certain monoclonal ACPAs therapeutically block arthritis and inflammation in mouse models. A wealth of functional studies using patient-derived polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies have provided evidence for pathogenic and protective effects of ACPAs in the context of arthritis. To understand the roles of ACPAs, one needs to consider their immunological properties by incorporating different facets such as rheumatoid arthritis B cell biology, environmental triggers and chronic antigen exposure. The emerging picture points to a complex role of citrulline-reactive autoantibodies, in which the diversity and dynamics of antibody clones could determine clinical progression and manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Raposo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Klareskog
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - William H Robinson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Vivianne Malmström
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Caroline Grönwall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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Shah K, Leandro M, Cragg M, Kollert F, Schuler F, Klein C, Reddy V. Disrupting B and T-cell collaboration in autoimmune disease: T-cell engagers versus CAR T-cell therapy? Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 217:15-30. [PMID: 38642912 PMCID: PMC11188544 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
B and T cells collaborate to drive autoimmune disease (AID). Historically, B- and T-cell (B-T cell) co-interaction was targeted through different pathways such as alemtuzumab, abatacept, and dapirolizumab with variable impact on B-cell depletion (BCD), whereas the majority of patients with AID including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, and organ transplantation benefit from targeted BCD with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies such as rituximab, ocrelizumab, or ofatumumab. Refractory AID is a significant problem for patients with incomplete BCD with a greater frequency of IgD-CD27+ switched memory B cells, CD19+CD20- B cells, and plasma cells that are not directly targeted by anti-CD20 antibodies, whereas most lymphoid tissue plasma cells express CD19. Furthermore, B-T-cell collaboration is predominant in lymphoid tissues and at sites of inflammation such as the joint and kidney, where BCD may be inefficient, due to limited access to key effector cells. In the treatment of cancer, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy and T-cell engagers (TCE) that recruit T cells to induce B-cell cytotoxicity have delivered promising results for anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapies, the CD19 TCE blinatumomab and CD20 TCE such as mosunetuzumab, glofitamab, or epcoritamab. Limited evidence suggests that anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy may be effective in managing refractory AID whereas we await evaluation of TCE for use in non-oncological indications. Therefore, here, we discuss the potential mechanistic advantages of novel therapies that rely on T cells as effector cells to disrupt B-T-cell collaboration toward overcoming rituximab-resistant AID.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Leandro
- Centre for Rheumatology, UCLH, London,UK
- Department of Rheumatology, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mark Cragg
- University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Florian Kollert
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Early Development Immunology, Infectious Diseases & Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Franz Schuler
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Christian Klein
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Cancer Immunotherapy Discovery, Oncology Discovery & Translational Area, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Venkat Reddy
- Centre for Rheumatology, UCLH, London,UK
- Department of Rheumatology, University College London Hospital, London, UK
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6
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Dunlap G, Wagner A, Meednu N, Wang R, Zhang F, Ekabe JC, Jonsson AH, Wei K, Sakaue S, Nathan A, Bykerk VP, Donlin LT, Goodman SM, Firestein GS, Boyle DL, Holers VM, Moreland LW, Tabechian D, Pitzalis C, Filer A, Raychaudhuri S, Brenner MB, Thakar J, McDavid A, Rao DA, Anolik JH. Clonal associations between lymphocyte subsets and functional states in rheumatoid arthritis synovium. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4991. [PMID: 38862501 PMCID: PMC11167034 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49186-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease involving antigen-specific T and B cells. Here, we perform single-cell RNA and repertoire sequencing on paired synovial tissue and blood samples from 12 seropositive RA patients. We identify clonally expanded CD4 + T cells, including CCL5+ cells and T peripheral helper (Tph) cells, which show a prominent transcriptomic signature of recent activation and effector function. CD8 + T cells show higher oligoclonality than CD4 + T cells, with the largest synovial clones enriched in GZMK+ cells. CD8 + T cells with possibly virus-reactive TCRs are distributed across transcriptomic clusters. In the B cell compartment, NR4A1+ activated B cells, and plasma cells are enriched in the synovium and demonstrate substantial clonal expansion. We identify synovial plasma cells that share BCRs with synovial ABC, memory, and activated B cells. Receptor-ligand analysis predicted IFNG and TNFRSF members as mediators of synovial Tph-B cell interactions. Together, these results reveal clonal relationships between functionally distinct lymphocyte populations that infiltrate the synovium of patients with RA.
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Grants
- UH2 AR067685 NIAMS NIH HHS
- R01 AI175212 NIAID NIH HHS
- UM2 AR067678 NIAMS NIH HHS
- UH2 AR067681 NIAMS NIH HHS
- UH2 AR067688 NIAMS NIH HHS
- UH2 AR067689 NIAMS NIH HHS
- UC2 AR081025 NIAMS NIH HHS
- UH2 AR067690 NIAMS NIH HHS
- UH2 AR067677 NIAMS NIH HHS
- UH2 AR067694 NIAMS NIH HHS
- UH2 AR067679 NIAMS NIH HHS
- R21 AR071670 NIAMS NIH HHS
- K08 AR081412 NIAMS NIH HHS
- UH2 AR067676 NIAMS NIH HHS
- UH2 AR067691 NIAMS NIH HHS
- Funding for AMP RA/SLE work was provided through grants from the National Institutes of Health (UH2-AR067676, UH2-AR067677, UH2-AR067679, UH2-AR067681, UH2-AR067685, UH2-AR067688, UH2-AR067689, UH2-AR067690, UH2-AR067691, UH2-AR067694, and UM2-AR067678).
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett Dunlap
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aaron Wagner
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Nida Meednu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ruoqiao Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology and the Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jabea Cyril Ekabe
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Anna Helena Jonsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Wei
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Saori Sakaue
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aparna Nathan
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vivian P Bykerk
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura T Donlin
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susan M Goodman
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gary S Firestein
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego;, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David L Boyle
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego;, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - V Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Larry W Moreland
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Darren Tabechian
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, EULAR Centre of Excellence, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Barts Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), London, UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrew Filer
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Center and Clinical Research Facility, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- Birmingham Tissue Analytics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Center and Clinical Research Facility, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael B Brenner
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juilee Thakar
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Andrew McDavid
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Deepak A Rao
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jennifer H Anolik
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
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7
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Woodruff MC, Faliti CE, Sanz I. Systems biology of B cells in COVID-19. Semin Immunol 2024; 72:101875. [PMID: 38489999 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2024.101875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The integration of multi-'omic datasets into complex systems-wide assessments has become a mainstay in immunologic investigation. This focus on high-dimensional data collection and analysis was on full display in the investigation of COVID-19, the respiratory illness resulting from infection by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Particularly in the area of B cell biology, tremendous efforts in both cellular and serologic investigation have resulted in an increasingly detailed mapping of the coordinated effector, memory, and antibody secreting cell responses that underpin the development of humoral immunity in response to primary viral infection. Further, the rapid development and deployment of effective vaccines has allowed for the assessment of developing memory responses across a wide variety of immune contexts, including in patients with compromised immune function. The result has been a period of rapid gains in the understanding of B cell biology unrestricted to the study of COVID-19. Here, we outline the systems-level technologies that have been routinely implemented in these investigations throughout the pandemic, and discuss how their use has led to clear and applicable gains in pursuance of the amelioration of human infectious disease and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Woodruff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Caterina E Faliti
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Ignacio Sanz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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8
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Lee EG, Oh JE. From neglect to spotlight: the underappreciated role of B cells in cutaneous inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1328785. [PMID: 38426103 PMCID: PMC10902158 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1328785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin, covering our entire body as its largest organ, manifests enormous complexities and a profound interplay of systemic and local responses. In this heterogeneous domain, B cells were considered strangers. Yet, recent studies have highlighted their existence in the skin and their distinct role in modulating cutaneous immunity across various immune contexts. Accumulating evidence is progressively shedding light on the significance of B cells in maintaining skin health and in skin disorders. Herein, we integrate current insights on the systemic and local contributions of B cells in three prevalent inflammatory skin conditions: Pemphigus Vulgaris (PV), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), and Atopic Dermatitis (AD), underscoring the previously underappreciated importance of B cells within skin immunity. Moreover, we address the potential adverse effects of current treatments used for skin diseases, emphasizing their unintentional consequences on B cells. These comprehensive approaches may pave the way for innovative therapeutic strategies that effectively address the intricate nature of skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Gang Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Oh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Research Center, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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9
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Wang Q, Feng D, Jia S, Lu Q, Zhao M. B-Cell Receptor Repertoire: Recent Advances in Autoimmune Diseases. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2024; 66:76-98. [PMID: 38459209 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-024-08984-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
In the field of contemporary medicine, autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are a prevalent and debilitating group of illnesses. However, they present extensive and profound challenges in terms of etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment. A major reason for this is the elusive pathophysiological mechanisms driving disease onset. Increasing evidence suggests the indispensable role of B cells in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Interestingly, B-cell receptor (BCR) repertoires in autoimmune diseases display a distinct skewing that can provide insights into disease pathogenesis. Over the past few years, advances in high-throughput sequencing have provided powerful tools for analyzing B-cell repertoire to understand the mechanisms during the period of B-cell immune response. In this paper, we have provided an overview of the mechanisms and analytical methods for generating BCR repertoire diversity and summarize the latest research progress on BCR repertoire in autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), multiple sclerosis (MS), and type 1 diabetes (T1D). Overall, B-cell repertoire analysis is a potent tool to understand the involvement of B cells in autoimmune diseases, facilitating the creation of innovative therapeutic strategies targeting specific B-cell clones or subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Major Skin Diseases and Skin Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Delong Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Major Skin Diseases and Skin Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Sujie Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Major Skin Diseases and Skin Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.
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10
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Pattarabanjird T, Srikakulapu P, Ransegnola B, Marshall MA, Ghosheh Y, Gulati R, Durant C, Drago F, Taylor AM, Ley K, McNamara CA. Single-cell profiling of CD11c+ B cells in atherosclerosis. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1296668. [PMID: 38259450 PMCID: PMC10800418 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1296668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating CD11c+ B cells, a novel subset of activated B cells, have been linked to autoimmunity and shown to expand with age. Atherosclerosis is an age-associated disease that involves innate and adaptive immune responses to modified self-antigens. Yet, the expression of CD11c on specific B-cell subtypes and its link to atherosclerosis are poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the frequency of CD11c+ B cells in tissues in mice with aging. We observed an age-associated increase in CD11c+ B cells in the spleen and bone marrow of ApoE-/- mice, and this was associated with an increase in aortic plaque. In addition, we also utilized single-cell multi-omics profiling of 60 human subjects undergoing advanced imaging for coronary artery disease (CAD) to subtype CD11c+ B cells and determine their frequency in subjects with high and low severity of CAD. Using unsupervised clustering, we identified four distinct clusters of CD11c+ B cells, which include CD27 and IgD double negative 2 (DN2), age-associated (ABC), CD11c+ unswitched memory (USWM), and activated Naïve (aNav) B cells. We observed an increase in the frequency of both ABC B cells and DN2 B cells in patients with high CAD severity. Pathway analysis further demonstrated augmentation of autophagy, IFNg signaling, and TLR signaling in DN2 cells in high-severity CAD patients. On the other hand, an increase in the negative regulator of BCR signaling through CD72 was found in ABC cells in low-severity CAD patients. Through investigating scRNAseq of atheroma, these DN2 cells were also found to infiltrate human coronary atheroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanyaporn Pattarabanjird
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine/Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Prasad Srikakulapu
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Brett Ransegnola
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine/Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Melissa A. Marshall
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Yanal Ghosheh
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Rishab Gulati
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | | | - Fabrizio Drago
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Angela M. Taylor
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine/Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Klaus Ley
- Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Coleen A. McNamara
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine/Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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11
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Hoehn KB, Kleinstein SH. B cell phylogenetics in the single cell era. Trends Immunol 2024; 45:62-74. [PMID: 38151443 PMCID: PMC10872299 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The widespread availability of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has led to the development of new methods for understanding immune responses. Single-cell transcriptome data can now be paired with B cell receptor (BCR) sequences. However, RNA from BCRs cannot be analyzed like most other genes because BCRs are genetically diverse within individuals. In humans, BCRs are shaped through recombination followed by mutation and selection for antigen binding. As these processes co-occur with cell division, B cells can be studied using phylogenetic trees representing the mutations within a clone. B cell trees can link experimental timepoints, tissues, or cellular subtypes. Here, we review the current state and potential of how B cell phylogenetics can be combined with single-cell data to understand immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth B Hoehn
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
| | - Steven H Kleinstein
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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12
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Reyes RA, Batugedara G, Dutta P, Reers AB, Garza R, Ssewanyana I, Jagannathan P, Feeney ME, Greenhouse B, Bol S, Ay F, Bunnik EM. Atypical B cells consist of subsets with distinct functional profiles. iScience 2023; 26:108496. [PMID: 38098745 PMCID: PMC10720271 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Atypical B cells are a population of activated B cells that are commonly enriched in individuals with chronic immune activation but are also part of a normal immune response to infection or vaccination. To better define the role of atypical B cells in the human adaptive immune response, we performed single-cell sequencing of transcriptomes, cell surface markers, and B cell receptors in individuals with chronic exposure to the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, a condition known to lead to accumulation of circulating atypical B cells. We identified three previously uncharacterized populations of atypical B cells with distinct transcriptional and functional profiles and observed marked differences among these three subsets in their ability to produce immunoglobulin G upon T-cell-dependent activation. Our findings help explain the conflicting observations in prior studies regarding the function of atypical B cells and highlight their different roles in the adaptive immune response in chronic inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael A. Reyes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Gayani Batugedara
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Paramita Dutta
- Centers for Cancer Immunotherapy and Autoimmunity, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ashley B. Reers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Rolando Garza
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Isaac Ssewanyana
- Infectious Disease Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Prasanna Jagannathan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Margaret E. Feeney
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Bryan Greenhouse
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Sebastiaan Bol
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Ferhat Ay
- Centers for Cancer Immunotherapy and Autoimmunity, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Evelien M. Bunnik
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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