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Liver Cirrhosis Patients Homozygous for MTHFR C677T Develop Portal Vein Thrombosis 8 Years Earlier Than Wild Type. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 68:1332-1338. [PMID: 35999432 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07666-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Age at portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in liver cirrhosis (LC) carriers of the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) rs1801133 (C → T667 transition) polymorphism has never been addressed; we compared age at PVT in LC patients genotyped for the MTHFR and explored the interrelated clinical and laboratory factors predicting age at PVT. APPROACH AND RESULTS Retrospective cross-sectional cohort study. PVT participants: MTHFR CC n = 36, MTHFR CT n = 53, MTHFR TT n = 19; age, sex, age at PVT, Child-Pugh score, rs1799963 PT polymorphisms (G → A 20,210 transition), plasma HC and natural anticoagulants available for all participants. Age at PVT was lower in MTHFR TT than CT and CC (56 ± 13 vs. 57 ± 13 vs. 64 ± 9 years, p = 0.001); median (IQR) plasma HC was higher in MTHFR TT than in the other groups [(17 (9.4, 23.3) vs 13 (8,14.7) vs 11 (8.9, 12.7) μmol/l, p = 0.03)]. MTHFR TT, male gender and protein C predicted age at PVT (p = 0.02, p = 0.04 and p = 0.08); MTHFR TT and Child-Pugh score predicted plasma HC (p = 0.005 and p = 0.01) as well as low plasma protein C (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0002). Plasma HC inversely related to protein C in the MTHFR TT group (p < 0.0001). Compound MTHFR TT with PT GA had lower age at PVT compared to MTHFR TT alone (49 ± 18 vs 58 ± 12 years). CONCLUSIONS MTHFR TT anticipates PVT associated with LC by an average of 8 years; MTHFR TT associates with severity of liver disease and to high plasma HC; the latter may contribute to the prematurity of PVT by interfering with the anticoagulant activity of protein C.
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Balakrishnan R, Mohammed V, Veerabathiran R. The role of genetic mutation in alcoholic liver disease. EGYPTIAN LIVER JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43066-022-00175-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the world’s most common type of liver disease caused due to overconsumption of alcohol. The liver supports the best level of tissue damage by hefty drinking since it is the binding site of ethanol digestion. This disease can progress to alcoholic steatohepatitis from alcoholic fatty liver, which implies steatosis has become the most punctual reaction to hefty drinking and is portrayed by the deposition of fat hepatocytes. In addition, steatosis can advance to steatohepatitis, a more extreme, provocative sort of liver damage described by hepatic inflammation. Constant and unnecessary liquor utilization delivers a wide range of hepatic sores, fibrosis and cirrhosis, and sometimes hepatocellular carcinoma. Most people consuming > 40 g of liquor each day create alcoholic fatty liver (AFL); notwithstanding, just a subset of people will grow further developed infection. Hereditary, epigenetic, and non-hereditary components may clarify the impressive interindividual variety in the ALD phenotype.
Main body
This systematic review is to classify new candidate genes associated with alcoholic liver disorders, such as RASGRF2, ALDH2, NFE2L2, ADH1B, PNPLA3, DRD2, MTHFR, TM6SF2, IL1B, and CYP2E1, MBOAT7 as well as to revise the functions of each gene in its polymorphic sequence. The information obtained from the previously published articles revealed the crucial relationship between the genes and ALD and discussed each selected gene’s mechanism.
Conclusion
The aim of this review is to highlight the candidate genes associated with the ALD, and the evidence of this study is to deliberate the part of genetic alterations and modifications that can serve as an excellent biological maker, risk predictors, and therapeutic targets for this disease.
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Bainrauch A, Šisl D, Markotić A, Ostojić A, Gašparov S, Bralić Lang V, Kovačić N, Grčević D, Mrzljak A, Kelava T. NOTCH3 rs1043996 Polymorphism Is Associated with the Occurrence of Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis Independently of PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 Polymorphisms. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194621. [PMID: 34640639 PMCID: PMC8509578 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) is the most common indication for liver transplantation (LT) in Croatia and presents a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, genetic susceptibility has not yet been systematically studied. We aimed to investigate the contribution of the risk polymorphisms PNPLA3 rs738409, EGF rs4444903, TM6SF2 rs58542926, MTHFR rs1801133, previously identified in other populations and, additionally, the contribution of Notch-related polymorphisms (NOTCH1 rs3124591, NOTCH3 rs1043996 and rs1044116, NOTCH4 rs422951). The study included 401 patients. The ALC group consisted of 260 LT candidates, 128 of whom had histopathologically confirmed HCC, and 132 of whom were without HCC. The control group included 141 patients without liver disease. Genotyping was performed by PCR using Taqman assays. The patients' susceptibility to ALC was significantly associated with PNPLA3 rs738409, TM6SF2 rs58542926, and NOTCH3 rs1043996 polymorphisms. These polymorphisms remained significantly associated with ALC occurrence in a logistic regression model, even after additional model adjustment for sex and age. Cirrhotic patients with the PNPLA3 GG genotype demonstrated higher activity of ALT aminotransferases than patients with CC or CG genotypes. The susceptibility to the development of HCC in ALC was significantly associated with PNPLA3 rs738409 and EGF rs4444903 polymorphisms, and logistic regression confirmed these polymorphisms as independent predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bainrauch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Merkur University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Dino Šisl
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.Š.); (N.K.); (D.G.)
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonio Markotić
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ana Ostojić
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Slavko Gašparov
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, Merkur University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Nataša Kovačić
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.Š.); (N.K.); (D.G.)
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Danka Grčević
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.Š.); (N.K.); (D.G.)
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anna Mrzljak
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (T.K.); Tel.: +385-1-238-8888 (A.M.); +385-1-456-6945 (T.K.)
| | - Tomislav Kelava
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.Š.); (N.K.); (D.G.)
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (T.K.); Tel.: +385-1-238-8888 (A.M.); +385-1-456-6945 (T.K.)
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Resino S, Fernández-Rodríguez A, Pineda-Tenor D, Gómez-Moreno AZ, Sánchez-Ruano JJ, Artaza-Varasa T, Muñoz-Gómez MJ, Virseda-Berdices A, Martín-Vicente M, Martínez I, Jiménez-Sousa MA. TRPM5 rs886277 Polymorphism Predicts Hepatic Fibrosis Progression in Non-Cirrhotic HCV-Infected Patients. J Clin Med 2021; 10:483. [PMID: 33525598 PMCID: PMC7865714 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TRPM5 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 5) rs886277 polymorphism has been related to liver cirrhosis from different etiologies. The present study investigates the association of TRPM5 rs886277 polymorphism with liver fibrosis progression and cirrhosis development in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 208 non-cirrhotic patients with CHC, who had at least two liver stiffness measurements (LSM) with a separation of 12 months (baseline LSM (LSM1) and the last LSM (LSM2)). Two outcome variables were considered: (1) LSM2/LSM1 ratio; (2) cirrhosis progression (F4; LSM ≥ 12.5 kPa). DNA genotyping was done at the CeGen using a MassARRAY platform. RESULTS The follow-up time was similar irrespective of the rs886277 genotype (46.4 months in TT genotype, 46.4 months in CT genotype, and 49.2 months in CC genotype; p = 0.649). The highest LSM increases were found in patients with CC genotype compared with TT and CT genotypes (p = 0.044 and p = 0.038, respectively). The cirrhosis progression was higher in patients with CC genotype than TT genotype (p = 0.033). Thus, the rs886277 C allele was associated with higher cirrhosis progression (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.64; p = 0.014). Moreover, rs886277 CC genotype was also related to higher values of LSM2/LSM1 ratio (adjusted arithmetic mean ratio a(AMR) = 1.31; p = 0.001) and cirrhosis progression (aOR = 4.33; p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS TRPM5 rs886277 polymorphism was associated with liver fibrosis progression and cirrhosis development among hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients. Specifically, the rs886277 C allele and CC genotype were risk factors for advancing liver fibrosis and cirrhosis compared to the rs886277 T allele and CT/TT genotype, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Resino
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (A.F.-R.); (M.J.M.-G.); (A.V.-B.); (M.M.-V.); (I.M.); (M.A.J.-S.)
| | - Amanda Fernández-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (A.F.-R.); (M.J.M.-G.); (A.V.-B.); (M.M.-V.); (I.M.); (M.A.J.-S.)
| | - Daniel Pineda-Tenor
- Servicio de Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital de Antequera, 29200 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Ana Zaida Gómez-Moreno
- Servicio de Digestivo, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, 45004 Toledo, Spain; (A.Z.G.-M.); (J.J.S.-R.); (T.A.-V.)
| | - Juan José Sánchez-Ruano
- Servicio de Digestivo, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, 45004 Toledo, Spain; (A.Z.G.-M.); (J.J.S.-R.); (T.A.-V.)
| | - Tomas Artaza-Varasa
- Servicio de Digestivo, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, 45004 Toledo, Spain; (A.Z.G.-M.); (J.J.S.-R.); (T.A.-V.)
| | - María José Muñoz-Gómez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (A.F.-R.); (M.J.M.-G.); (A.V.-B.); (M.M.-V.); (I.M.); (M.A.J.-S.)
| | - Ana Virseda-Berdices
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (A.F.-R.); (M.J.M.-G.); (A.V.-B.); (M.M.-V.); (I.M.); (M.A.J.-S.)
| | - María Martín-Vicente
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (A.F.-R.); (M.J.M.-G.); (A.V.-B.); (M.M.-V.); (I.M.); (M.A.J.-S.)
| | - Isidoro Martínez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (A.F.-R.); (M.J.M.-G.); (A.V.-B.); (M.M.-V.); (I.M.); (M.A.J.-S.)
| | - María A. Jiménez-Sousa
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (A.F.-R.); (M.J.M.-G.); (A.V.-B.); (M.M.-V.); (I.M.); (M.A.J.-S.)
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