1
|
Martín-Vicente M, Resino S, Martínez I. Early innate immune response triggered by the human respiratory syncytial virus and its regulation by ubiquitination/deubiquitination processes. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:11. [PMID: 35152905 PMCID: PMC8841119 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00793-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) causes severe lower respiratory tract infections in infants and the elderly. An exuberant inadequate immune response is behind most of the pathology caused by the HRSV. The main targets of HRSV infection are the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, where the immune response against the virus begins. This early innate immune response consists of the expression of hundreds of pro-inflammatory and anti-viral genes that stimulates subsequent innate and adaptive immunity. The early innate response in infected cells is mediated by intracellular signaling pathways composed of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), adapters, kinases, and transcriptions factors. These pathways are tightly regulated by complex networks of post-translational modifications, including ubiquitination. Numerous ubiquitinases and deubiquitinases make these modifications reversible and highly dynamic. The intricate nature of the signaling pathways and their regulation offers the opportunity for fine-tuning the innate immune response against HRSV to control virus replication and immunopathology.
Collapse
|
2
|
Martín-Vicente M, Berenguer J, Muñoz-Gómez MJ, Díez C, Micán R, Pérez-Elías MJ, García-Fraile LJ, Peraire J, Suárez-García I, Jiménez-Sousa MÁ, Fernández-Rodríguez A, Vázquez M, Ryan P, González-García J, Jarrín I, Mas V, Martínez I, Resino S. Similar humoral immune responses against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in HIV and non-HIV individuals after COVID-19. J Infect 2021; 84:418-467. [PMID: 34752819 PMCID: PMC8574204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Martín-Vicente
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain..
| | - Juan Berenguer
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas/VIH, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María José Muñoz-Gómez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain..
| | - Cristina Díez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas/VIH, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rafael Micán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Jesús Pérez-Elías
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lucio Jesús García-Fraile
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Joaquin Peraire
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain..
| | - Inés Suárez-García
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Universidad Europea, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain..
| | - María Ángeles Jiménez-Sousa
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain..
| | - Amanda Fernández-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain..
| | - Mónica Vázquez
- Unidad de Biología Viral, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain.
| | - Pablo Ryan
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Infanta Leonor, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan González-García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Jarrín
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Vicente Mas
- Unidad de Biología Viral, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain.
| | - Isidoro Martínez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain..
| | - Salvador Resino
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain..
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Berenguer J, Díez C, Martín-Vicente M, Micán R, Pérez-Elías MJ, García-Fraile LJ, Vidal F, Suárez-García I, Podzamczer D, Del Romero J, Pulido F, Iribarren JA, Gutiérrez F, Poveda E, Galera C, Izquierdo R, Asensi V, Portilla J, López JC, Arribas JR, Moreno S, González-García J, Resino S, Jarrín I. Prevalence and factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in the Spanish HIV Research Network Cohort. Clin Microbiol Infect 2021; 27:1678-1684. [PMID: 34186209 PMCID: PMC8267776 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and factors associated with seropositivity and asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among people with HIV (PWH). METHODS This was a cross-sectional study carried out within the cohort of the Spanish HIV Research Network. Participants were consecutive PWH with plasma collected from 1st April to 30th September 2020. We determined SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (Abs) in plasma. Illness severity (NIH criteria) was assessed by a review of medical records and, if needed, participant interviews. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of seropositivity among the following variables: sex, age, country of birth, education level, comorbidities (hypertension, chronic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, non-AIDS-related cancer, chronic kidney disease, cirrhosis), route of HIV acquisition, prior AIDS, CD4+ cell count, HIV viral load, nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (N [t]RTI) backbone, type of third antiretroviral drug, and month of sample collection. RESULTS Of 1076 PWH (88.0% males, median age 43 years, 97.7% on antiretroviral therapy, median CD4+ 688 cells/mm3, 91.4% undetectable HIV viral load), SARS-CoV-2 Abs were detected in 91 PWH, a seroprevalence of 8.5% (95%CI 6.9-10.3%). Forty-five infections (45.0%) were asymptomatic. Variables independently associated with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity were birth in Latin American countries versus Spain (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.30, 95%CI 1.41-3.76, p 0.001), and therapy with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) versus tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)/FTC as the N(t)RTI backbone (aOR 0.49, 95%CI 0.26-0.94, p 0.031). CONCLUSIONS Many SARS-CoV-2 infections among PWH were asymptomatic, and birth in Latin American countries increased the risk of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity. Our analysis, adjusted by comorbidities and other variables, suggests that TDF/FTC may prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection among PWH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Berenguer
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Cristina Díez
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rafael Micán
- Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Francisco Vidal
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Inés Suárez-García
- Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, FIIB HUIS HHEN, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Federico Pulido
- Hospital Universitario 12 Octubre, imas12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Iribarren
- Hospital Universitario Donostia, II BioDonostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Félix Gutiérrez
- Hospital Universitario de Elche, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain
| | - Eva Poveda
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur)-Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, SERGAS-UVigo, Spain
| | - Carlos Galera
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Víctor Asensi
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Juan C López
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Santiago Moreno
- Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Salvador Resino
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología (ISCIII), Majadahonda, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Resino S, Fernández-Rodríguez A, Pineda-Tenor D, Gómez-Moreno AZ, Sánchez-Ruano JJ, Artaza-Varasa T, Muñoz-Gómez MJ, Virseda-Berdices A, Martín-Vicente M, Martínez I, Jiménez-Sousa MA. TRPM5 rs886277 Polymorphism Predicts Hepatic Fibrosis Progression in Non-Cirrhotic HCV-Infected Patients. J Clin Med 2021; 10:483. [PMID: 33525598 PMCID: PMC7865714 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TRPM5 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 5) rs886277 polymorphism has been related to liver cirrhosis from different etiologies. The present study investigates the association of TRPM5 rs886277 polymorphism with liver fibrosis progression and cirrhosis development in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 208 non-cirrhotic patients with CHC, who had at least two liver stiffness measurements (LSM) with a separation of 12 months (baseline LSM (LSM1) and the last LSM (LSM2)). Two outcome variables were considered: (1) LSM2/LSM1 ratio; (2) cirrhosis progression (F4; LSM ≥ 12.5 kPa). DNA genotyping was done at the CeGen using a MassARRAY platform. RESULTS The follow-up time was similar irrespective of the rs886277 genotype (46.4 months in TT genotype, 46.4 months in CT genotype, and 49.2 months in CC genotype; p = 0.649). The highest LSM increases were found in patients with CC genotype compared with TT and CT genotypes (p = 0.044 and p = 0.038, respectively). The cirrhosis progression was higher in patients with CC genotype than TT genotype (p = 0.033). Thus, the rs886277 C allele was associated with higher cirrhosis progression (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.64; p = 0.014). Moreover, rs886277 CC genotype was also related to higher values of LSM2/LSM1 ratio (adjusted arithmetic mean ratio a(AMR) = 1.31; p = 0.001) and cirrhosis progression (aOR = 4.33; p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS TRPM5 rs886277 polymorphism was associated with liver fibrosis progression and cirrhosis development among hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients. Specifically, the rs886277 C allele and CC genotype were risk factors for advancing liver fibrosis and cirrhosis compared to the rs886277 T allele and CT/TT genotype, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Resino
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (A.F.-R.); (M.J.M.-G.); (A.V.-B.); (M.M.-V.); (I.M.); (M.A.J.-S.)
| | - Amanda Fernández-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (A.F.-R.); (M.J.M.-G.); (A.V.-B.); (M.M.-V.); (I.M.); (M.A.J.-S.)
| | - Daniel Pineda-Tenor
- Servicio de Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital de Antequera, 29200 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Ana Zaida Gómez-Moreno
- Servicio de Digestivo, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, 45004 Toledo, Spain; (A.Z.G.-M.); (J.J.S.-R.); (T.A.-V.)
| | - Juan José Sánchez-Ruano
- Servicio de Digestivo, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, 45004 Toledo, Spain; (A.Z.G.-M.); (J.J.S.-R.); (T.A.-V.)
| | - Tomas Artaza-Varasa
- Servicio de Digestivo, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, 45004 Toledo, Spain; (A.Z.G.-M.); (J.J.S.-R.); (T.A.-V.)
| | - María José Muñoz-Gómez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (A.F.-R.); (M.J.M.-G.); (A.V.-B.); (M.M.-V.); (I.M.); (M.A.J.-S.)
| | - Ana Virseda-Berdices
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (A.F.-R.); (M.J.M.-G.); (A.V.-B.); (M.M.-V.); (I.M.); (M.A.J.-S.)
| | - María Martín-Vicente
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (A.F.-R.); (M.J.M.-G.); (A.V.-B.); (M.M.-V.); (I.M.); (M.A.J.-S.)
| | - Isidoro Martínez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (A.F.-R.); (M.J.M.-G.); (A.V.-B.); (M.M.-V.); (I.M.); (M.A.J.-S.)
| | - María A. Jiménez-Sousa
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (A.F.-R.); (M.J.M.-G.); (A.V.-B.); (M.M.-V.); (I.M.); (M.A.J.-S.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Martín-Vicente M, González-Riaño C, Barbas C, Jiménez-Sousa MÁ, Brochado-Kith O, Resino S, Martínez I. Metabolic changes during respiratory syncytial virus infection of epithelial cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230844. [PMID: 32214395 PMCID: PMC7098640 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral infections induce substantial metabolic changes in infected cells to optimize viral production while cells develop countermeasures to restrict that infection. Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is an infectious pathogen that causes severe lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised adults for which no effective treatment or vaccine is currently available. In this study, variations in metabolite levels at different time points post-HRSV infection of epithelial cells were studied by untargeted metabolomics using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of methanol cell extracts. Numerous metabolites were significantly upregulated after 18 hours post-infection, including nucleotides, amino acids, amino and nucleotide sugars, and metabolites of the central carbon pathway. In contrast, most lipid classes were downregulated. Additionally, increased levels of oxidized glutathione and polyamines were associated with oxidative stress in infected cells. These results show how HRSV infection influences cell metabolism to produce the energy and building blocks necessary for virus reproduction, suggesting potential therapeutic interventions against this virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Martín-Vicente
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina González-Riaño
- Facultad de Farmacia, Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Barbas
- Facultad de Farmacia, Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Jiménez-Sousa
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Brochado-Kith
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Salvador Resino
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (IM); (SR)
| | - Isidoro Martínez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (IM); (SR)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Martín-Vicente M, González-Sanz R, Cuesta I, Monzón S, Resino S, Martínez I. Downregulation of A20 Expression Increases the Immune Response and Apoptosis and Reduces Virus Production in Cells Infected by the Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8010100. [PMID: 32102364 PMCID: PMC7157707 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) causes severe lower respiratory tract infections in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised adults. Regulation of the immune response against HRSV is crucial to limiting virus replication and immunopathology. The A20/TNFAIP3 protein is a negative regulator of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and interferon regulatory factors 3/7 (IRF3/7), which are key transcription factors involved in the inflammatory/antiviral response of epithelial cells to virus infection. Here, we investigated the impact of A20 downregulation or knockout on HRSV growth and the induction of the immune response in those cells. Cellular infections in which the expression of A20 was silenced by siRNAs or eliminated by gene knockout showed increased inflammatory/antiviral response and reduced virus production. Similar results were obtained when the expression of A20-interacting proteins, such as TAX1BP1 and ABIN1, was silenced. Additionally, downregulation of A20, TAX1BP1, and ABIN1 increased cell apoptosis in HRSV-infected cells. These results show that the downregulation of A20 expression might contribute in the control of HRSV infections by potentiating the early innate immune response and increasing apoptosis in infected cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Martín-Vicente
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-V.); (R.G.-S.); (S.R.)
| | - Rubén González-Sanz
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-V.); (R.G.-S.); (S.R.)
| | - Isabel Cuesta
- Unidad de Bioinformática, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (I.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Sara Monzón
- Unidad de Bioinformática, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (I.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Salvador Resino
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-V.); (R.G.-S.); (S.R.)
| | - Isidoro Martínez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-V.); (R.G.-S.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-8223272; Fax: +34-91-5097919
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Martín-Vicente M, Resino S, Martínez I. siRNA-Mediated Simultaneous Regulation of the Cellular Innate Immune Response and Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Replication. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9050165. [PMID: 31035368 PMCID: PMC6572644 DOI: 10.3390/biom9050165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) infection is a common cause of severe lower respiratory tract diseases such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Both virus replication and the associated inflammatory immune response are believed to be behind these pathologies. So far, no vaccine or effective treatment is available for this viral infection. With the aim of finding new strategies to counteract HRSV replication and modulate the immune response, specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were generated targeting the mRNA coding for the viral fusion (F) protein or nucleoprotein (N), or for two proteins involved in intracellular immune signaling, which are named tripartite motif-containing protein 25 (TRIM25) and retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I). Furthermore, two additional bispecific siRNAs were designed that silenced F and TRIM25 (TRIM25/HRSV-F) or N and RIG-I (RIG-I/HRSV-N) simultaneously. All siRNAs targeting N or F, but not those silencing TRIM25 or RIG-I alone, significantly reduced viral titers. However, while siRNAs targeting F inhibited only the expression of the F mRNA and protein, the siRNAs targeting N led to a general inhibition of viral mRNA and protein expression. The N-targeting siRNAs also induced a drastic decrease in the expression of genes of the innate immune response. These results show that both virus replication and the early innate immune response can be regulated by targeting distinct viral products with siRNAs, which may be related to the different role of each protein in the life cycle of the virus.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
- Gene Silencing
- Genome, Viral
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- RNA, Viral/metabolism
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/genetics
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/growth & development
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/immunology
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/physiology
- Viral Proteins/genetics
- Viral Proteins/metabolism
- Virus Replication/physiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Martín-Vicente
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Salvador Resino
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isidoro Martínez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jiménez-Sousa MÁ, Gómez-Moreno AZ, Pineda-Tenor D, Sánchez-Ruano JJ, Fernández-Rodríguez A, Artaza-Varasa T, Gómez-Sanz A, Martín-Vicente M, Vázquez-Morón S, Resino S. PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism is associated with liver fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C: A repeated measures study. J Clin Virol 2018; 103:71-74. [PMID: 29674183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Host genetic background has been associated with liver fibrosis progression. OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409 polymorphism and liver fibrosis progression in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients. STUDY DESIGN In this retrospective cohort study, 187 patients with chronic HCV infection were included, who had at least two liver stiffness measurements (LSM) by transient elastography during the follow-up. Results were expressed in kilopascals (kPa). The analysis of genetic association was carried out according to additive model by using Generalized Linear Models. RESULTS No patients had advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis at baseline. During a median follow-up time of 47.9 months, 15 patients developed advanced fibrosis and 17 cirrhosis. In multivariate analysis adjusted by the main clinical and epidemiological covariates, the rs738409 G allele was related to higher increase of LSM values during the follow-up (adjusted arithmetic mean ratio (aAMR) = 1.16 (95%CI = 1.04; 1.29); p = .006) and higher odds of having progression to advanced fibrosis [aOR = 2.03 (95%CI = 1.01; 4.06); p = .045], and progression to cirrhosis [aOR = 3.03 (95%CI = 1.26; 7.30); p = .014]. CONCLUSIONS PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism appears to be related to the increased progression of liver fibrosis in HCV infected patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Ángeles Jiménez-Sousa
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
| | | | - Daniel Pineda-Tenor
- Servicio de Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Amanda Fernández-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
| | | | - Alicia Gómez-Sanz
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - María Martín-Vicente
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Sonia Vázquez-Morón
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Salvador Resino
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Martín-Vicente M, Medrano LM, Resino S, García-Sastre A, Martínez I. TRIM25 in the Regulation of the Antiviral Innate Immunity. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1187. [PMID: 29018447 PMCID: PMC5614919 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
TRIM25 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase enzyme that is involved in various cellular processes, including regulation of the innate immune response against viruses. TRIM25-mediated ubiquitination of the cytosolic pattern recognition receptor RIG-I is an essential step for initiation of the intracellular antiviral response and has been thoroughly documented. In recent years, however, additional roles of TRIM25 in early innate immunity are emerging, including negative regulation of RIG-I, activation of the melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5–mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein–TRAF6 antiviral axis and modulation of p53 levels and activity. In addition, the ability of TRIM25 to bind RNA may uncover new mechanisms by which this molecule regulates intracellular signaling and/or RNA virus replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Martín-Vicente
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luz M Medrano
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Salvador Resino
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Isidoro Martínez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|