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Flores-Villaseñor H, Velázquez-Román J, León-Sicairos N, Angulo-Zamudio UA, Lira-Morales C, Martínez-García JJ, Acosta-Smith E, Valdés-Flores J, Tapia-Pastrana G, Canizalez-Román A. Serodiversity, antibiotic resistance, and virulence genes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in oysters collected in coastal areas of northwestern Mexico between 2012 and 2020. Food Microbiol 2024; 123:104567. [PMID: 39038901 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2024.104567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus in oysters from the northwestern coast of Mexico and to identify the serotypes, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance of the strains. Oyster samples were collected from 2012 to 2020 from the northwest coast of Mexico; biochemical and molecular methods were used to identify V. parahaemolyticus from oysters; antiserum reaction to determine V. parahaemolyticus serotypes, and PCR assays were performed to identify pathogenic (tdh and/or trh) or pandemic (toxRS/new, and/or orf8) strains and antibiotic resistance testing. A total of 441 oyster samples were collected and tested for V. parahaemolyticus. Forty-seven percent of oyster samples were positive for V. parahaemolyticus. Ten different O serogroups and 72 serovars were identified, predominantly serotype O1:KUT with 22.2% and OUT:KUT with 17.3%. Twenty new serotypes that had not been previously reported in our region were identified. We detected 4.3% of pathogenic clones but no pandemic strains. About 73.5% of strains were resistant to at least one antibiotic, mainly ampicillin and ciprofloxacin; 25% were multi-drug resistant. In conclusion, the pathogenic strains in oysters and antibiotic resistance are of public health concern, as the potential for outbreaks throughout northwestern Mexico is well established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Flores-Villaseñor
- School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80019, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico; The Sinaloa State Public Health Laboratory, Secretariat of Health, 80058, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Jorge Velázquez-Román
- School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80019, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Nidia León-Sicairos
- School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80019, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico; Pediatric Hospital of Sinaloa, 80200, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | | | - Carolina Lira-Morales
- School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80019, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Jesús J Martínez-García
- School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80019, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico; Pediatric Hospital of Sinaloa, 80200, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Erika Acosta-Smith
- School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80019, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Jorge Valdés-Flores
- Programa Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, 80040, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Tapia-Pastrana
- Laboratorio de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Oaxaca, IMSS-BIENESTAR, Oaxaca, 71256, Mexico
| | - Adrian Canizalez-Román
- School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80019, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico; The Women's Hospital, Secretariat of Health, 80020, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico.
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Esposito E, Pace A, Affuso A, Oliviero M, Iaccarino D, Paduano G, Maffucci F, Fusco G, De Carlo E, Hochscheid S, Di Nocera F. Antibiotic Resistance of Bacteria Isolated from Clinical Samples and Organs of Rescued Loggerhead Sea Turtles ( Caretta caretta) in Southern Italy. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2103. [PMID: 39061565 PMCID: PMC11273476 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance affects all environments, endangering the health of numerous species, including wildlife. Increasing anthropic pressure promotes the acquisition and dissemination of antibiotic resistance by wild animals. Sea turtles, being particularly exposed, are considered sentinels and carriers of potential zoonotic pathogens and resistant strains. Therefore, this study examined the antibiotic resistance profiles of bacteria isolated from loggerhead sea turtles hospitalised in a rescue centre of Southern Italy over a 9-year period. Resistance to ceftazidime, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, flumequine, gentamicin, oxytetracycline and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim was evaluated for 138 strains isolated from the clinical samples or organs of 60 animals. Gram-negative families were the most isolated: Vibrionaceae were predominant, followed by Shewanellaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Enterobacteriaceae and Morganellaceae. These last three families exhibited the highest proportion of resistance and multidrug-resistant strains. Among the three Gram-positive families isolated, Enterococcaceae were the most represented and resistant. The opportunistic behaviour of all the isolated species is particularly concerning for diseased sea turtles, especially considering their resistance to commonly utilised antibiotics. Actually, the multiple antibiotic resistance was higher when the sea turtles were previously treated. Taken together, these findings highlight the need to improve antimicrobial stewardship and monitor antibiotic resistance in wildlife, to preserve the health of endangered species, along with public and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Esposito
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.O.); (D.I.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (E.D.C.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Antonino Pace
- Department of Marine Animal Conservation and Public Engagement, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Nuova Macello 16, 80055 Portici, Italy; (A.A.); (F.M.); (S.H.)
| | - Andrea Affuso
- Department of Marine Animal Conservation and Public Engagement, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Nuova Macello 16, 80055 Portici, Italy; (A.A.); (F.M.); (S.H.)
| | - Maria Oliviero
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.O.); (D.I.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (E.D.C.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Doriana Iaccarino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.O.); (D.I.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (E.D.C.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Gianluigi Paduano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.O.); (D.I.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (E.D.C.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Fulvio Maffucci
- Department of Marine Animal Conservation and Public Engagement, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Nuova Macello 16, 80055 Portici, Italy; (A.A.); (F.M.); (S.H.)
| | - Giovanna Fusco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.O.); (D.I.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (E.D.C.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Esterina De Carlo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.O.); (D.I.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (E.D.C.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Sandra Hochscheid
- Department of Marine Animal Conservation and Public Engagement, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Nuova Macello 16, 80055 Portici, Italy; (A.A.); (F.M.); (S.H.)
| | - Fabio Di Nocera
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.O.); (D.I.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (E.D.C.); (F.D.N.)
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3
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Pang H, Zhang W, Lin X, Zeng F, Xiao X, Wei Z, Wang S, Jian J, Wang N, Li W. Vibrio alginolyticus PEPCK Mediates Florfenicol Resistance through Lysine Succinylation Modification. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:2397-2407. [PMID: 38904328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Protein succinylation modification is a common post-translational modification (PTM) that plays an important role in bacterial metabolic regulation. In this study, quantitative analysis was conducted on the succinylated proteome of wild-type and florfenicol-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus to investigate the mechanism of succinylation regulating antibiotic resistance. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the differentially succinylated proteins were mainly enriched in energy metabolism, and it was found that the succinylation level of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxyl kinase (PEPCK) was highly expressed in the florfenicol-resistant strain. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to mutate the lysine (K) at the succinylation site of PEPCK to glutamic acid (E) and arginine (R), respectively, to investigate the function of lysine succinylation of PEPCK in the florfenicol resistance of V. alginolyticus. The detection of site-directed mutagenesis strain viability under florfenicol revealed that the survival rate of the E mutant was significantly higher than that of the R mutant and wild type, indicating that succinylation modification of PEPCK protein may affect the resistance of V. alginolyticus to florfenicol. This study indicates the important role of PEPCK during V. alginolyticus antibiotic-resistance evolution and provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of vibriosis and the development of new antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanying Pang
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture and Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang 524025, Guangdong, China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture and Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang 524025, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuelian Lin
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture and Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang 524025, Guangdong, China
| | - Fuyuan Zeng
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture and Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang 524025, Guangdong, China
| | - Xing Xiao
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture and Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang 524025, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqing Wei
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture and Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang 524025, Guangdong, China
| | - Shi Wang
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture and Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang 524025, Guangdong, China
| | - Jichang Jian
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture and Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang 524025, Guangdong, China
| | - Na Wang
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Wanxin Li
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian 350122, China
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Bourdonnais E, Briet A, Brauge T, Debuiche S, Helsens N, Granier SA, Midelet G. Antimicrobial susceptibility profile and molecular characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated from imported shrimps. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0017524. [PMID: 38832768 PMCID: PMC11218469 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00175-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a threat to human health and one of the leading bacterial causes of seafood-borne infection worldwide. This pathogen is autochtonous in the marine environment and is able to acquire antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mechanisms, which is a global concern. However, the emergence of AMR V. parahaemolyticus strains in seafood is still understudied, as interpretation criteria for this species for antimicrobial susceptibility tests are limited in the literature. In this study, we investigated the susceptibility profiles to clinically important antibiotics and the associated genetic determinants of V. parahaemolyticus isolates cultured from imported shrimps. Based on the analysis of the resistance phenotypes of 304 V. parahaemolyticus isolates, we have defined experimental epidemiological cutoff values (COWT) for 14/15 antibiotics tested. We observed that 19.1% of the bacterial isolates had acquired resistance to at least one antibiotic class. The highest number of resistance was associated with tetracycline (14.5% of the strains) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (3.6%). Moreover, seven strains were multidrug-resistant (MDR, resistant to at least three antibiotic classes). The most frequently identified genes in these strains were aph(3″)-Ib/aph(6)-Id (aminoglycoside resistance), sul2 (sulfonamide), tet(59) (tetracycline), and floR (chloramphenicol). The SXT/R391 family ICE and class 1 integron-integrase genes were detected by PCR in three and one MDR V. parahaemolyticus strains, respectively. Consequently, V. parahaemolyticus in seafood can act as a reservoir of AMR, constituting a health risk for the consumer.IMPORTANCEOur study on "Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles and Genetic Determinants of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolates from Imported Shrimps" addresses a critical gap in understanding the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in this seafood-associated pathogen. Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major cause of global seafood-borne infections, and our research reveals that 19.1% of isolates from imported shrimps display resistance to at least one antibiotic class, with multidrug resistance observed in seven strains. Importantly, we establish experimental epidemiological cutoff values for antibiotic susceptibility, providing valuable criteria specific to V. parahaemolyticus. Our findings underscore the potential risk to consumers, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring and intervention strategies. This study significantly contributes to the comprehension of AMR dynamics in V. parahaemolyticus, offering crucial insights for global public health. The dissemination of our research through Microbiology Spectrum ensures broad accessibility and impact within the scientific community and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Bourdonnais
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Laboratory for Food Safety, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Arnaud Briet
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Laboratory for Food Safety, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Thomas Brauge
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Laboratory for Food Safety, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Sabine Debuiche
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Laboratory for Food Safety, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Nicolas Helsens
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Laboratory for Food Safety, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Sophie A Granier
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Laboratory for Food Safety, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Graziella Midelet
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Laboratory for Food Safety, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
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Valdés-Flores J, Ley-Quiñonez CP, León-Sicairos N, Flores-Villaseñor H, Velázquez-Román J, Angulo-Zamudio U, Zavala-Norzagaray A, Hart CE, Olimón-Andalón V, Leal-Moreno R, Sosa-Cornejo I, Aguirre AA, Canizalez-Román A. Comparison of the blood biochemical values of foraging and nesting Olive Ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) from Sinaloa, Mexico. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 198:106491. [PMID: 38657368 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Our study aimed to establish reference values for nesting females and compare them with those previously reported to understand olive ridley turtles' health status and contribute to long-term health assessment and monitoring in foraging and nesting areas from the state of Sinaloa, Mexico. In August and September 2018, morphometric data and biochemical profiles were collected from 33 nesting olive ridley turtles from Ceuta Beach Sanctuary (CBS) and 14 foraging female turtles captured at the foraging site, Navachiste Marine Area (NMA). Nesting turtles sampled had greater CCL (65.86 ± 1.70 cm) than those from the foraging area (61.54 ± 1.22) (p < 0.05). Regarding biochemical profiles, post-nesting turtles had higher packed cell volume (PCV), albumin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), cholesterol, triglycerides, and calcium than turtles from the foraging area (p < 0.05). Phosphorus levels were higher in foraging turtles than in nesting turtles (p = 0.001), while the remaining parameters showed no significant differences. The present study describes for the first time the blood biochemical values of nesting turtles from the Ceuta Beach Sanctuary in southern Sinaloa, Mexico, similar to those of foraging turtles from the north of the state. The significant differences observed between the two analysis groups may be due to the energy reserves and reproductive and nesting activity of the nesting turtles, so the blood biochemistry values described in this study can be used as a standard reference blood value for the olive ridley turtle population of Sinaloa, Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Valdés-Flores
- Programa Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, 80040, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | | | - Nidia León-Sicairos
- School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80019, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico; Pediatric Hospital of Sinaloa, 80200, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Hector Flores-Villaseñor
- School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80019, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico; The Sinaloa State Public Health Laboratory, Secretariat of Health, 80020, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Jorge Velázquez-Román
- School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80019, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Uriel Angulo-Zamudio
- School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80019, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | | | - Catherine E Hart
- Centro de Investigaciones Oceánicas del Mar de Cortés, Gran Acuario Mazatlán, 82017, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Vicente Olimón-Andalón
- Programa Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, 80040, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Renato Leal-Moreno
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-SIN, 81049, Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Ingmar Sosa-Cornejo
- Programa Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, 80040, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - A Alonso Aguirre
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Warner College of Natural Resources, Colorado State University, 80523, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Adrian Canizalez-Román
- School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80019, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico; The Women's Hospital, Secretariat of Health, 80020, Culiacan, Mexico.
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Kuang SF, Xiang J, Chen YT, Peng XX, Li H, Peng B. Exogenous pyruvate promotes gentamicin uptake to kill antibiotic-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 63:107036. [PMID: 37981076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2023.107036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Elucidating antibiotic resistance mechanisms is necessary for developing novel therapeutic strategies. The increasing incidence of antibiotic-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus infection threatens both human health and aquaculture, but the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. METHODS Here, an isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) functional proteomics analysis was performed on gentamicin-resistant V. alginolyticus (VA-RGEN) and a gentamicin-sensitive strain in order to characterize the global protein expression changes upon gentamicin resistance. Then, the bacterial killing assay and bacterial gentamicin pharmacokinetics were performed. RESULTS Proteomics analysis demonstrated a global metabolic downshift in VA-RGEN, where the pyruvate cycle (the P cycle) was severely compromised. Exogenous pyruvate restored the P cycle activity, disrupting the redox state and increasing the membrane potential. It thereby potentiated gentamicin-mediated killing by approximately 3000- and 150-fold in vitro and in vivo, respectively. More importantly, bacterial gentamicin pharmacokinetics indicated that pyruvate enhanced gentamicin influx to a degree that exceeded the gentamicin expelled by the bacteria, increasing the intracellular gentamicin. CONCLUSION Thus, our study suggests a metabolism-based approach to combating gentamicin-resistant V. algonolyticus, which paves the way for combating other types of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Fang Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology & Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; School of Health, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiao Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology & Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology & Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Bo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology & Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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Glassman AR, Zachariah TT. RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF BLOOD CULTURES AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH CLINICAL FINDINGS AND OUTCOME IN GREEN SEA TURTLES ( CHELONIA MYDAS) AT A FLORIDA SEA TURTLE REHABILITATION FACILITY, 2017-2020. J Zoo Wildl Med 2024; 54:766-775. [PMID: 38252000 DOI: 10.1638/2022-0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Septicemia is commonly suspected of sea turtles entering rehabilitation. However, blood culture results of green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) are infrequently reported in the literature. Aerobic blood cultures were performed for intake examinations of 167 green sea turtles undergoing rehabilitation at Brevard Zoo's Sea Turtle Healing Center, Melbourne, Florida, USA from 2017 to 2020. The incidence of positive cultures during intake examinations was 24% (40/167). The most common bacterial isolates identified were Vibrio alginolyticus, Shewanella algae, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Photobacterium damselae, Sphingomonas paucimobilis, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. There was a statistically significant association (P < 0.05) between culture status and evidence of external injury. There was no significant association between culture status and Caryospora-like coccidia infection, or fibropapillomatosis. Culture-positive turtles had significantly lower (P < 0.05) total white blood cell, lymphocyte, monocyte, total protein, albumin, and calculated globulin values compared to turtles with negative blood cultures. Significantly more culture-positive turtles died in rehabilitation compared to culture-negative (P = 0.042). Positive blood cultures suggestive of septicemia are commonly found during intake examinations at a Florida sea turtle rehabilitation facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Glassman
- Department of Veterinary Programs, Brevard Zoo, Melbourne, FL 32940, USA,
| | - Trevor T Zachariah
- Department of Veterinary Programs, Brevard Zoo, Melbourne, FL 32940, USA
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8
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Jorge VF, Uriel AZ, Nidia LS, Hector FV, Paul LQC, Jorge VR, Ingmar SC, Alan ZN, Alonso AA, Vicente OA, Adrian CR. Potentially Pathogenic Bacteria in Nesting Olive Ridley Turtles in Northwestern Mexico. ECOHEALTH 2023; 20:390-401. [PMID: 38110613 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-023-01662-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Olive ridleys (Lepidochelys olivacea) are the most common sea turtle found in the Gulf of California. Unfortunately, the bacterial flora of nesting olive ridley turtles is still unknown. We conducted a study to identify, characterize, serotype, and determine the antibiotic resistance of potentially pathogenic bacteria isolated from olive ridley turtles nesting in northwestern Mexico. Bacteria were isolated and identified from the oral cavity and cloaca of 47 postnesting turtles. Escherichia coli and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were characterized, and antibiotic resistance testing was performed. One hundred bacteria belonging to 21 species were isolated, 53 from the oral cavity and 47 from the cloaca, the most prevalent being Pseudomonas aeruginosa, followed by Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and E. coli, among others. Moreover, two to three different bacterial species were found co-colonizing both anatomical sites in some turtles. E. coli phylogroups B1, A, F, and unknown were identified as diarrheagenic E. coli (enteroaggregative and enteropathogenic E. coli). O1, O4, K8, K12, OUT, and KUT of V. parahaemolyticus serogroups were identified, also comprising pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains. Finally, 100% of the bacterial species tested were antibiotic resistant, and both MDR and XDR strains were found. In conclusion, olive ridley turtles are colonized by a diversity of bacterial species with a high rate of antibiotic resistance, some with pathogenic potential to turtles, representing a health risk factor for the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valdés-Flores Jorge
- Programa Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Angulo-Zamudio Uriel
- School of Medicine, CIASaP, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80246, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - León-Sicairos Nidia
- School of Medicine, CIASaP, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80246, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
- Pediatric Hospital of Sinaloa, 80200, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Flores-Villaseñor Hector
- School of Medicine, CIASaP, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80246, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
- The Sinaloa State Public Health Laboratory, Secretariat of Health, 80020, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | | | - Velázquez-Román Jorge
- School of Medicine, CIASaP, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80246, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Sosa-Cornejo Ingmar
- Programa Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | | | - Aguirre A Alonso
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Warner College of Natural Resources, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Olimón-Andalón Vicente
- Programa Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Canizalez-Román Adrian
- School of Medicine, CIASaP, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80246, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico.
- The Women's Hospital, Secretariat of Health, 80127, Culiacan, Mexico.
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9
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Kapetanović D, Vardić Smrzlić I, Kazazić S, Omanović D, Cukrov N, Cindrić AM, Rapljenović A, Perić L, Orlić K, Mijošek T, Redžović Z, Gavrilović A, Radočaj T, Filipović Marijić V. A preliminary study of the cultivable microbiota on the plastic litter collected by commercial fishing trawlers in the south-eastern Adriatic Sea, with emphasis on Vibrio isolates and their antibiotic resistance. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 187:114592. [PMID: 36657339 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mediterranean Sea is the sixth largest area of marine litter accumulation in the world, and plastic pollution is a growing problem in its Adriatic sub-basin. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cultivable microbiota associated with plastic litter collected by commercial fishing trawlers in the south-eastern Adriatic Sea in comparison with microbiota in seawater and sediment. Plastic litter in the sea contains an autochthonous microbiota that is different from that of the surrounding seawater and sediment. Vibrio abundance was higher on plastic litter than in surrounding seawater and sediment. All isolated Vibrio showing resistance to ampicillin and vancomycin, while resistance to other antibiotics depended on the isolated species. Overall, this study provides for the first time information on the cultivable microbiota associated with plastic litter collected by commercial fishing trawlers and provides a data base for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir Kapetanović
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | - Snježana Kazazić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dario Omanović
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Neven Cukrov
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Ana Rapljenović
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lorena Perić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Karla Orlić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tatjana Mijošek
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zuzana Redžović
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Gavrilović
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tena Radočaj
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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10
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Yu Y, Li H, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Liao M, Rong X, Li B, Wang C, Ge J, Zhang X. Antibiotic resistance, virulence and genetic characteristics of Vibrio alginolyticus isolates from aquatic environment in costal mariculture areas in China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114219. [PMID: 36335689 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio alginolyticus has been the second most common Vibrio species in the world and mainly grows in the ocean or estuary environment, which can induce epidemics outbreaks under marine organisms, and causing serious economic losses in aquaculture industry. In this study, the genetic populations and evolutionary relationship analysis of V. alginolyticus isolated from different geographical locations in China with typical interannual differences were exhibited originally genetic diversity. Then the virulence genes prevalence, antibiotic resistance phenotype, and antimicrobial resistance genes risk diversity of V. alginolyticus were analyzed by phenotypic and molecular typing methods. And they were complex correlations among antibiotic phenotypes, resistance and virulence genes under different genotype of V. alginolyticus. The results provide a theoretical foundation for further understanding the genetic and metabolic diversity among V. alginolyticus in China, and lay a theoretical foundation for the transmission risk assessment and regional diagnosis of Vibrio in aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Hao Li
- Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Yingeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Meijie Liao
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Xiaojun Rong
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Chunyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Jianlong Ge
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Xiaosong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, PR China.
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11
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Kuschke SG. What lives on and in the sea turtle? A literature review of sea turtle bacterial microbiota. Anim Microbiome 2022; 4:52. [PMID: 36076281 PMCID: PMC9461204 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-022-00202-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the United States, all populations of sea turtles are listed as threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act. Identifying methods of supporting health, preventing disease, and treating disease is essential for conservation and management strategies for all species. Over the last few decades, advances in technology and high throughput sequencing have allowed a proliferation of research into core microbiota and microbiomes in humans and animals. Such investigations have proven that microbiota on and within a host can influence physiology, immunity, and development. Accordingly, a comprehensive understanding of microbiota is essential for unearthing the complex relationships within a microbiome and how those interactions and relationships can be used to promote health and prevent or treat disease. The goal of this review is to summarize the current microbiota research available across all species of sea turtles and identify any emerging trends. Methodological differences made it challenging to draw conclusions across studies, but it is apparent that each anatomical location investigated has a unique core microbiota with some potential overlap. In the future, unifying methodology across microbiota studies will allow broader conclusions to be drawn across all anatomic locations and species of sea turtles. These conclusions will then allow clinicians and conservationists to apply the research results in the field. Additionally, future efforts should include a wider range of organisms including fungi, viruses, parasites, epibiota, and archaea to unveil essential relationships among and between the organisms and host for maintenance of a healthy microbiome.
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12
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Mengistu TS, Garcias B, Castellanos G, Seminati C, Molina-López RA, Darwich L. Occurrence of multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria and resistance genes in semi-aquatic wildlife - Trachemys scripta, Neovison vison and Lutra lutra - as sentinels of environmental health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154814. [PMID: 35341839 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacterial pathogens has been recognized as a major public health concern worldwide. In the present study, antimicrobial resistant Gram-negative bacteria (AMRGNB) and AMR genes were assessed in semi-aquatic wild animals from a highly populated and intensive farming region of Spain, Catalonia. Cloacal/rectal swab samples were collected from 241 animals coming from invasive species Trachemys scripta (n = 91) and Neovison vison (n = 131), and endangered-protected species Lutra lutra (n = 19). Accordingly, 133 (55.2%) isolates were identified as AMRGNB. Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens were among the bacteria most frequently isolated in all animal species, but other nosocomial agents such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella spp. or Citrobacter freundii, were also prevalent. The phenotypic susceptibility testing showed the highest resistance to β-lactams (91%). Molecular analysis showed 25.3% of turtles (15.4% ESBL/Ampc genes), 21% of Eurasian otters (10.5% ESBL/Ampc genes) and 14.5% of American minks (8.4% ESBL/Ampc genes) were positive to AMR genes. The genotyping frequency was tetM (20.6%), blaCMY-2 (13%), ermB (6.1%), blaCMY-1 (4.6%), blaCTX-M-15 (3.1%) and mcr-4 (0.8%). Turtles had a larger prevalence of AMRGNB and AMR genes than mustelids, but American mink carried mcr-4 colistin-resistance gene. Moreover, cluster analysis of AMR gene distribution revealed that an ESBL/AmpC cluster in a highly populated area comprising big metropolitan regions, and another tetM/emrB cluster in an expended area with highly intensive livestock production. Although the mcr-4 positive case was not included in those clusters, that case was found in a county with a high pig farm density. In conclusion, semi-aquatic wild animals are a good sentinel for environmental contamination with AMRGNB and AMR genes. Therefore, One Health Approach is urgently needed in highly populated regions, and with intensive livestock production like Catalonia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Biel Garcias
- Department Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, CP 08193, Spain.
| | - Gabriela Castellanos
- Department Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, CP 08193, Spain.
| | - Chiara Seminati
- Department Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, CP 08193, Spain.
| | | | - Laila Darwich
- Department Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, CP 08193, Spain.
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13
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ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM SEA LION (ZALOPHUS CALIFORNIANUS) PUPS IN NORTHWESTERN MEXICO. J Wildl Dis 2022; 58:500-511. [PMID: 35704501 DOI: 10.7589/jwd-d-21-00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections have been documented in marine mammals for decades, and some are considered emerging pathogens with zoonotic potential. The aerobic oral (n=16) and rectal (n=17) bacterial microbiota and their antimicrobial resistance were characterized for 17 apparently healthy California sea lion pups (Zalophus californianus) captured with a hoop net in Farallon Island, Sinaloa, Mexico, in 2016. Bacteriologic cultures, Analytical Profile Index, and PCR were used to identify bacterial species. The Escherichia coli phylogenetic groups were identified by PCR, Salmonella serotypes were identified, and resistance to antibiotics was evaluated. Overall, 39 bacterial species were isolated, including E. coli and Salmonella spp. (35.9% each) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (28.2%). For E. coli, UNKNOWN phylogroup was the most prevalent (57.7%), followed by the A phylogroup (37.1%). Most Salmonella serotypes were identified as Newport (92.8%); serotype Saintpaul was also identified (7.2%). Sea lions with bacterial co-colonization included 24.2%, from which two bacterial species were isolated, and 3% with three species. Overall, 59% of bacteria were resistant to at least one antibiotic tested, and 25.6% were extensively drug resistant. Bacteria were highly resistant to ampicillin and cefotaxime. This study demonstrates the importance of characterizing the microbiome of sea lions, and the potential effect of pathogens with antimicrobial resistance on wildlife conservation and public health.
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14
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Wang J, Ding Q, Yang Q, Fan H, Yu G, Liu F, Bello BK, Zhang X, Zhang T, Dong J, Liu G, Zhao P. Vibrio alginolyticus Triggers Inflammatory Response in Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages via Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:769777. [PMID: 34869071 PMCID: PMC8634873 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.769777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio alginolyticus is a food-borne marine Vibrio that causes gastroenteritis, otitis media, otitis externa, and septicemia in humans. The pathogenic mechanisms of V. alginolyticus have previously been studied in aquaculture animals; however, the underlying mechanisms in mammals remain unknown. In this study, an in vitro model of mouse peritoneal macrophages infected with V. alginolyticus was established. qPCR results revealed that V. alginolyticus induced the transcription levels of various cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-12, IL-18, TNF-α, IL-17, IL-6, IFN-γ, and IL-10, and the secretion level of IL-1β is the most significant. Inhibition assays with Ac-YVAD-CHO (a caspase-1 inhibitor) and Z-VAD-FMK (a pan-caspase inhibitor) were conducted to determine whether caspase-1 or caspase-11 is involved in V. alginolyticus-triggered IL-1β secretion. Results showed that IL-1β secretion was partly inhibited by Ac-YVAD-CHO and absolutely blocked by Z-VAD-FMK. To explore the sensed pattern recognition receptors, several NLR family members and the AIM2 receptor were detected and many receptors were upregulated especially NLRP3. Moreover, the NLRP3 protein displayed a puncta-like surrounding cell nucleus, which signified that the NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in response to V. alginolyticus infection. Inhibition assays with glyburide and CA-074 methyl ester (K+ outflow inhibitor and cathepsin B inhibitor) blocked IL-1β secretion, which demonstrated the essential role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in inflammatory response. To better understand how V. alginolyticus affects IL-1β release, the NLRP3 inflammasome was detected with doses ranging from 0.1 to 10 MOIs and time periods ranging from 3 to 12 h. Results showed that V. alginolyticus-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation was in a time- and dose-dependent manner and IL-1β release peaked at MOI of 1 for 12 h. Most importantly, blocking the NLRP3 inflammasome with inhibitors and the use of NLRP3-/- and caspase-1/11-/- mice could attenuate pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α. Taken together, our study first found that the NLRP3 inflammasome plays vital roles in V. alginolyticus triggered inflammatory response in mouse peritoneal macrophages. This may provide reference information for the development of potential anti-inflammatory treatments against V. alginolyticus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Wang
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Qun Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, China
| | - Qiankun Yang
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Guili Yu
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Feixue Liu
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Babatunde Kazeem Bello
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Tianmeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Jingquan Dong
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
| | - Panpan Zhao
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Develepment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Lianyungang, China
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15
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Simultaneous isolation and enumeration of virulent Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio vulnificus using an advanced MPN-PCR method. Arch Microbiol 2021; 204:5. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02613-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Kuang SF, Chen YT, Chen JJ, Peng XX, Chen ZG, Li H. Synergy of alanine and gentamicin to reduce nitric oxide for elevating killing efficacy to antibiotic-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus. Virulence 2021; 12:1737-1753. [PMID: 34251979 PMCID: PMC8276662 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1947447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study explored the cooperative effect of both alanine (Ala) and gentamicin (Gent) on metabolic mechanisms by which exogenous Ala potentiates Gent to kill antibiotic-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus. To test this, GC-MS-based metabolomics was used to characterize Ala-, Gent- and both-induced metabolic profiles, identifying nitric oxide (NO) production pathway as the most key clue to understand metabolic mechanisms. Gent, Ala and both led to low, lower and lowest activity of total nitric oxide synthase (tNOS) and level of NO, respectively. NOS promoter L-arginine and inhibitor NG-Monomethyl-L-arginine inhibited and promoted the killing, respectively, with the elevation and decrease of NOS activity and NO level. The present study further showed that CysJ is the enzyme-producing NO in V. alginolyticus. These results indicate that the cooperative effect of Ala and Gent causes the lowest NO, which plays a key role in Ala-potentiated Gent-mediated killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Fang Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control and the Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control and the Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control and the Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control and the Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhuang-Gui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control and the Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control and the Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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17
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Drane K, Huerlimann R, Power M, Whelan A, Ariel E, Sheehan M, Kinobe R. Testudines as Sentinels for Monitoring the Dissemination of Antibiotic Resistance in Marine Environments: An Integrative Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10070775. [PMID: 34202175 PMCID: PMC8300651 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10070775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dissemination of antibiotic resistance (AR) in marine environments is a global concern with a propensity to affect public health and many ecosystems worldwide. We evaluated the use of sea turtles as sentinel species for monitoring AR in marine environments. In this field, antibiotic-resistant bacteria have been commonly identified by using standard culture and sensitivity tests, leading to an overrepresentation of specific, culturable bacterial classes in the available literature. AR was detected against all major antibiotic classes, but the highest cumulative global frequency of resistance in all represented geographical sites was against the beta-lactam class by a two-fold difference compared to all other antibiotics. Wastewater facilities and turtle rehabilitation centres were associated with higher incidences of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) accounting for an average of 58% and 49% of resistant isolates, respectively. Furthermore, a relatively similar prevalence of MDRB was seen in all studied locations. These data suggest that anthropogenically driven selection pressures for the development of AR in sea turtles and marine environments are relatively similar worldwide. There is a need, however, to establish direct demonstrable associations between AR in sea turtles in their respective marine environments with wastewater facilities and other anthropogenic activities worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezia Drane
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
- Correspondence: (K.D.); (R.K.); Tel.: +61-0747814061 (R.K.)
| | - Roger Huerlimann
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Michelle Power
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia;
| | - Anna Whelan
- Townsville Water and Waste, Wastewater Operations, Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia;
| | - Ellen Ariel
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Madoc Sheehan
- College of Science, Technology and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Robert Kinobe
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
- Correspondence: (K.D.); (R.K.); Tel.: +61-0747814061 (R.K.)
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18
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Chuen-Im T, Sawetsuwannakun K, Neesanant P, Kitkumthorn N. Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Green Turtle ( Chelonia mydas) Rearing Seawater. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061841. [PMID: 34205685 PMCID: PMC8235308 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Sea Turtle Conservation Center of Thailand (STCCT) has conducted an early intervention program for conservation and faced high mortality rates due to bacterial diseases. Our previous investigation of juvenile turtle carcasses and sea water in the turtle hold tanks implied an association between bacterial isolates in rearing water and infection in captive turtles. In this study, for a management plan of juvenile sea turtles with bacterial infection, we monitored antibiotic resistance of bacteria in seawater from juvenile green turtle holding tanks at STCCT in three periods: January 2015 to April 2016, January to April 2018, and January to April 2019. The results clearly indicated that numbers of resistant bacteria and antibiotics were increased. Assessment of resistance against ten antibiotics revealed high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to the beta-lactam class (ampicillin, penicillin, and cefazolin), whereas low resistant isolate numbers were found to aminoglycosides. From the results of this study, we suggest that antibiotic-resistant bacterial assessment in sea turtle rearing seawater will provide important information for the treatment of bacteria-infected sea turtles in husbandry. Abstract Antibiotic resistance of microorganisms is a serious health problem for both humans and animals. Infection of these bacteria may result in therapy failure, leading to high mortality rates. During an early intervention program process, the Sea Turtle Conservation Center of Thailand (STCCT) has faced high mortality rates due to bacterial infection. Previously, investigation of juvenile turtle carcasses found etiological agents in tissue lesions. Further determination of sea water in the turtle holding tanks revealed a prevalence of these causative agents in water samples, implying association of bacterial isolates in rearing water and infection in captive turtles. In this study, we examined the antibiotic resistance of bacteria in seawater from the turtle holding tank for a management plan of juvenile turtles with bacterial infection. The examination was carried out in three periods: 2015 to 2016, 2018, and 2019. The highest isolate numbers were resistant to beta-lactam, whilst low aminoglycoside resistance rates were observed. No gentamicin-resistant isolate was detected. Seventy-nine isolates (71.17%) were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Consideration of resistant bacterial and antibiotic numbers over three sampling periods indicated increased risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to sea turtle health. Essentially, this study emphasizes the importance of antibiotic-resistant bacterial assessment in rearing seawater for sea turtle husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanaporn Chuen-Im
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand;
- Correspondence:
| | - Korapan Sawetsuwannakun
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand;
| | - Pimmnapar Neesanant
- 2/4 Suan Duang Pohn Village, Bang Khanun, Bang Kruai, Nonthaburi 11130, Thailand;
| | - Nakarin Kitkumthorn
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
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19
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Tsai MA, Chang CC, Li TH. Antimicrobial-resistance profiles of gram-negative bacteria isolated from green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in Taiwan. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 277:116870. [PMID: 33714128 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The green turtle (Chelonia mydas) is listed as a globally endangered species and is vulnerable to anthropogenic threats, including environmental pollution. This study investigated the antimicrobial resistance of Gram-negative bacteria isolated from wild green turtles admitted to a sea turtle rehabilitation center in Taiwan. For this investigation, cloacal and nasal swab samples were collected from 28 green turtles between 2018 and 2020, from which a total of 47 Gram-negative bacterial isolates were identified. Among these, Vibrio spp. were the most dominant isolate (31.91%), and 89.36% of the 47 isolates showed resistance to at least one of 18 antimicrobial agents tested. Isolates resistant to one (6.38%), two (8.51%), and multiple (74.47%) antimicrobials were observed. The antimicrobial agents to which isolates showed the greatest resistance were penicillin (74.47%), followed by spiramycin, amoxicillin, and cephalexin. The antimicrobial-resistance profiles identified in this study provide useful information for the clinical treatment of sea turtles in rehabilitation facilities. The results of our study also imply that wild green turtles may be exposed to polluting effluents containing antimicrobials when the turtles traverse migratory corridors or forage in feeding habitats. To benefit sea turtle conservation, future research should focus on (1) how to prevent pollution from antimicrobials in major green turtle activity areas and (2) identifying sources of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial strains in coastal waters of Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-An Tsai
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan; International Degree Program of Ornamental Fish Science and Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan.
| | - Chao-Chin Chang
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Hsien Li
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Checheng, Pingtung, 94450, Taiwan.
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20
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Mashkour N, Jones K, Kophamel S, Hipolito T, Ahasan S, Walker G, Jakob-Hoff R, Whittaker M, Hamann M, Bell I, Elliman J, Owens L, Saladin C, Crespo-Picazo JL, Gardner B, Loganathan AL, Bowater R, Young E, Robinson D, Baverstock W, Blyde D, March D, Eghbali M, Mohammadi M, Freggi D, Giliam J, Hale M, Nicolle N, Spiby K, Wrobel D, Parga M, Mobaraki A, Rajakaruna R, Hyland KP, Read M, Ariel E. Disease risk analysis in sea turtles: A baseline study to inform conservation efforts. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230760. [PMID: 33095793 PMCID: PMC7584443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of a range of different threats has resulted in the listing of six out of seven sea turtle species on the IUCN Red List of endangered species. Disease risk analysis (DRA) tools are designed to provide objective, repeatable and documented assessment of the disease risks for a population and measures to reduce these risks through management options. To the best of our knowledge, DRAs have not previously been published for sea turtles, although disease is reported to contribute to sea turtle population decline. Here, a comprehensive list of health hazards is provided for all seven species of sea turtles. The possible risk these hazards pose to the health of sea turtles were assessed and "One Health" aspects of interacting with sea turtles were also investigated. The risk assessment was undertaken in collaboration with more than 30 experts in the field including veterinarians, microbiologists, social scientists, epidemiologists and stakeholders, in the form of two international workshops and one local workshop. The general finding of the DRA was the distinct lack of knowledge regarding a link between the presence of pathogens and diseases manifestation in sea turtles. A higher rate of disease in immunocompromised individuals was repeatedly reported and a possible link between immunosuppression and environmental contaminants as a result of anthropogenic influences was suggested. Society based conservation initiatives and as a result the cultural and social aspect of interacting with sea turtles appeared to need more attention and research. A risk management workshop was carried out to acquire the insights of local policy makers about management options for the risks relevant to Queensland and the options were evaluated considering their feasibility and effectiveness. The sea turtle DRA presented here, is a structured guide for future risk assessments to be used in specific scenarios such as translocation and head-starting programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Mashkour
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Karina Jones
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Sara Kophamel
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Teresa Hipolito
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Shamim Ahasan
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University, Dinjapur, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - Grant Walker
- North East Sea Turtles, Charlotteville, Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Richard Jakob-Hoff
- New Zealand Centre for Conservation Medicine, Auckland Zoo, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Maxine Whittaker
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Mark Hamann
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Ian Bell
- Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jennifer Elliman
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Leigh Owens
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Claire Saladin
- Reserve Naturelle de Saint Barthelemy, Gustavia, Saint Barthelemy
- FWI/Reserve Naturelle de Saint Martin, Saint Martin, French West Indies
| | - Jose Luis Crespo-Picazo
- Veterinary Services & Research Department, Fundación Oceanogràfic, Avanqua Oceanogràfic-Ágora, Valencia, Spain
| | - Brett Gardner
- Australia Zoo Wildlife Hospital, Beerwah, Queensland, Australia
- Two Oceans Aquarium, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Rachel Bowater
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Erina Young
- Conservation Medicine Program School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - David Robinson
- The Aquarium & Dubai Turtle Rehabilitation Project, Burj Al Arab, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Warren Baverstock
- The Aquarium & Dubai Turtle Rehabilitation Project, Burj Al Arab, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - David Blyde
- Sea World, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Duan March
- National Marine Science Centre & Centre for Coastal Biogeochemistry Research, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
- Dolphin Marine Rescue Animal Rehab Trust, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maryam Eghbali
- Ideh no doostdar_E- Hormozgan Ecotourism and NGO group, Iran
| | | | | | - Jane Giliam
- The Ark Animal Hospital, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Mike Hale
- Yuku Baja Muliku Ranger Base, Archer Point, Australia
| | | | - Kevin Spiby
- Two Oceans Aquarium, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Daphne Wrobel
- Fundação Pró-TAMAR, Rua Professor Ademir Francisco s/n–Barra da Lagoa, Florianópolis–SC, Brazil
| | - Mariluz Parga
- SUBMON—Marine Environmental Services, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Asghar Mobaraki
- Department of the Environment, Wildlife and Aquatic Affairs Bureau, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Mark Read
- Field Management Unit, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ellen Ariel
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
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21
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Zhang S, Yang MJ, Peng B, Peng XX, Li H. Reduced ROS-mediated antibiotic resistance and its reverting by glucose in Vibrio alginolyticus. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:4367-4380. [PMID: 32441046 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus poses a big challenge to human health and food safety. It is urgently needed to understand the mechanisms underlying antibiotic resistance to develop effective approaches for the control. Here we explored the metabolic difference between gentamicin-resistant V. alginolyticus (VA-RGEN ) and gentamicin-sensitive V. alginolyticus (VA-S), and found that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was altered. Compared with VA-S, the ROS content in VA-RGEN was reduced due to the decreased generation and increased breakdown of ROS. The decreased production of ROS was attributed to the decreased central carbon metabolism, which is associated with the resistance to gentamicin. As such a mechanism, we exogenously administrated VA-RGEN with the glucose that activated the central carbon metabolism and promoted the generation of ROS, but decreased the breakdown of ROS in VA-RGEN . The gentamicin-mediated killing was increased with the elevation of the ROS level by a synergistic effect between gentamicin and exogenous glucose. The synergistic effect was inhibited by thiourea, a scavenger of ROS. These results reveal a reduced ROS-mediated antibiotic resistance mechanism and its reversal by exogenous glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Man-Jun Yang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
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22
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Is Caretta Caretta a Carrier of Antibiotic Resistance in the Mediterranean Sea? Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9030116. [PMID: 32164241 PMCID: PMC7148500 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9030116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea turtles can be considered a sentinel species for monitoring the health of marine ecosystems, acting, at the same time, as a carrier of microorganisms. Indeed, sea turtles can acquire the microbiota from their reproductive sites and feeding, contributing to the diffusion of antibiotic-resistant strains to uncontaminated environments. This study aims to unveil the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in (i) loggerhead sea turtles stranded along the coast of Sicily (Mediterranean Sea), (ii) unhatched and/or hatched eggs, (iii) sand from the turtles’ nest and (iv) seawater. Forty-four bacterial strains were isolated and identified by conventional biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequencing. The Gram-negative Aeromonas and Vibrio species were mainly found in sea turtles and seawater samples, respectively. Conversely, the Gram-positive Bacillus, Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus strains were mostly isolated from eggs and sand. The antimicrobial resistance profile of the isolates revealed that these strains were resistant to cefazolin (95.5%), streptomycin (43.2%), colistin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (34.1%). Moreover, metagenome analysis unveiled the presence of both antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes, as well as the mobile element class 1 integron at an alarming percentage rate. Our results suggest that Caretta caretta could be considered a carrier of antibiotic-resistant genes.
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23
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Gambino D, Persichetti MF, Gentile A, Arculeo M, Visconti G, Currò V, Caracappa G, Crucitti D, Piazza A, Mancianti F, Nardoni S, Vicari D, Caracappa S. First data on microflora of loggerhead sea turtle ( Caretta caretta) nests from the coastlines of Sicily. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio045252. [PMID: 31915211 PMCID: PMC6994955 DOI: 10.1242/bio.045252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Caretta caretta is threatened by many dangers in the Mediterranean basin, but most are human-related. The purposes of this research were: (i) to investigate microflora in samples from six loggerhead sea turtle nests located on the Sicilian coast and (ii) to understand microbial diversity associated with nests, with particular attention to bacteria and fungi involved in failed hatchings. During the 2016 and 2018 summers, 456 eggs and seven dead hatchling from six nests were collected. We performed bacteriological and mycological analyses on 88 egg samples and seven dead hatchlings, allowing us to isolate: Fusarium spp. (80.6%), Aeromonas hydrophila (55.6%), Aspergillus spp. (27.2%) and Citrobacter freundii (9%). Two Fusarium species were identified by microscopy and were confirmed by PCR and internal transcribed spacer sequencing. Statistical analyses showed significant differences between nests and the presence/absence of microflora, whereas no significant differences were observed between eggs and nests. This is the first report that catalogues microflora from C . caretta nests/eggs in the Mediterranean Sea and provides key information on potential pathogens that may affect hatching success. Moreover, our results suggest the need for wider investigations over extensive areas to identify other microflora, and to better understand hatching failures and mortality related to microbial contamination in this important turtle species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Gambino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Area Territoriale Palermo, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, Palermo 90129, Italy
| | - Maria Flaminia Persichetti
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale sul benessere, monitoraggio e diagnostica delle malattie delle tartarughe marine, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, Palermo 90129, Italy
| | - Antonino Gentile
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale sul benessere, monitoraggio e diagnostica delle malattie delle tartarughe marine, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, Palermo 90129, Italy
| | - Marco Arculeo
- Università di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Via Archirafi 28, Palermo 90123, Italy
| | - Giulia Visconti
- Area Marina Protetta Isole Pelagie, Via Cameroni, 92031 Lampedusa (AG), Italy
| | - Vittoria Currò
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Area Territoriale Palermo, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, Palermo 90129, Italy
| | - Giulia Caracappa
- Centro Recupero Fauna Selvatica Bosco di Ficuzza, Via del Bosco 1, Ficuzza di Corleone (PA) 90034, Italy
| | - Daniela Crucitti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Area Territoriale Palermo, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, Palermo 90129, Italy
| | - Antonio Piazza
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale sul benessere, monitoraggio e diagnostica delle malattie delle tartarughe marine, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, Palermo 90129, Italy
| | - Francesca Mancianti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese, San Piero a Grado, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Simona Nardoni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese, San Piero a Grado, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Domenico Vicari
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Area Territoriale Palermo, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, Palermo 90129, Italy
| | - Santo Caracappa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario Annunziata, Messina 98100, Italy
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24
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Chuen-Im T, Suriyant D, Sawetsuwannakun K, Kitkumthorn N. The Occurrence of Vibrionaceae, Staphylococcaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae in Green Turtle Chelonia mydas Rearing Seawater. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2019; 31:303-310. [PMID: 31342564 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, levels of Vibrionaceae, Staphylococcaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae were observed in seawater from juvenile green turtle Chelonia mydas rearing tanks and in the incoming coastal seawater (the water supply). Bacterial loads were compared between the incoming coastal seawater and two different rearing conditions: in cement tanks at a low stocking density and in fiberglass tanks at a high stocking density. The total bacterial counts in seawater from fiberglass tanks were statistically greater than those in cement tanks. The nonlactose and lactose fermenting enterobacteria, tellurite-reducing bacteria, and total plate counts in water from all rearing containers were greater than those in coastal seaweater by a logarithmic fold change of 2--3. Differences in bacterial population structure of the incoming coastal seawater and rearing water were also addressed. The results from biochemical identification of 344 isolates revealed that the bacteria that were commonly found in water samples were Citrobacter spp., Enterobacteria spp., Edwardsiella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Photobacterium spp., Vibrio alginolyticus, and Vibrio spp. Conclusively, the microbiological monitoring of rearing water provides important and essential information on the management of aquatic animal health and husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanaporn Chuen-Im
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Pathom, 73000, Thailand
| | - Dolaphum Suriyant
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Pathom, 73000, Thailand
| | - Koraphan Sawetsuwannakun
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Pathom, 73000, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Kitkumthorn
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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Pace A, Dipineto L, Fioretti A, Hochscheid S. Loggerhead sea turtles as sentinels in the western Mediterranean: antibiotic resistance and environment-related modifications of Gram-negative bacteria. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 149:110575. [PMID: 31550577 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sea turtles possess relevant characteristics to serve as sentinel species for monitoring the health of marine ecosystems, which is currently threatened. This study examined 35 loggerhead turtles from the western Mediterranean, focusing on the oral and cloacal prevalence of aerobic Gram-negative bacteria, their antibiotic resistance and the influence of several variables linked both to the animal and the environment (i.e. estimated life stage; area, season and cause of recovery; plastic ingestion). Conventional bacteriology methods led to the isolation of bacterial families commonly regarded as opportunistic pathogens (i.e. Aeromonadaceae; Enterobacteriaceae; Pseudomonadaceae; Shewanellaceae; Vibrionaceae), but pointing out sea turtles as carriers of potential zoonotic agents. The high rates of antibiotic resistance, here detected, raise important concerns on the dissemination of this phenomenon in marine environments. Moreover, several of the examined variables showed a significant influence on the prevalence of bacterial families, strengthening the role of sea turtles as mirrors of their ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Pace
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; Marine Turtle Research Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Nuova Macello 16, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy.
| | - Ludovico Dipineto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Fioretti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy.
| | - Sandra Hochscheid
- Marine Turtle Research Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Nuova Macello 16, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy.
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Villicaña C, Amarillas L, Soto-Castro L, Gómez-Gil B, Lizárraga-Partida ML, León-Félix J. Occurrence and Abundance of Pathogenic Vibrio Species in Raw Oysters at Retail Seafood Markets in Northwestern Mexico. J Food Prot 2019; 82:2094-2099. [PMID: 31724880 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Seafood has frequently been associated with foodborne illness because pathogens are easily introduced during seafood cultivation, handling, and processing. Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae are human pathogens that cause gastroenteritis and cholera, respectively, and Vibrio vulnificus can cause fatal wound infections and septicemia. However, information about the occurrence of these pathogens in oysters from the Pacific coast of Mexico is limited to V. parahaemolyticus. In the present study, we evaluated the presence and abundance of these three Vibrio species in 68 raw oysters (Crassostrea corteziensis) obtained from retail seafood markets in Sinaloa, Mexico. The most probable number (MPN)-PCR assay was used for amplification of the tlh (thermolabile hemolysin), ompW (outer membrane protein), and vvhA (hemolytic cytolysin) genes that are specific to V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae, and V. vulnificus, respectively. All oyster samples were positive for at least one Vibrio species. V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae, and V. vulnificus prevalences were 77.9, 8.8, and 32.3% overall, respectively, and most species were present in all sample periods with increased prevalence in period 3. The tdh (thermostable direct hemolysin) gene was detected in 30.1%, trh (TDH-related hemolysin) was detected in 3.7%, and tdh/trh was detected in 7.5% of the total tlh-positive samples (53 of 68), whereas the pandemic serotype O3:K6 (orf8 positive) was detected in only 1 sample (1.8%). The total prevalence of tdh and/or trh was 41.5%. In none of the samples positive for V. cholerae were the cholera toxin (ctxA) and cholix (chxA) toxigenic genes or the rfb gene encoding the O1 and O139 antigens amplified, suggesting the presence of non-O1 non-O139 V. cholerae strains. Our results clearly indicated a high prevalence of pathogenic Vibrio species in raw oysters from retail seafood markets in Mexico. Consumption of these raw oysters carries the potential risk of foodborne illness, which can be limited by cooking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Villicaña
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD), A. C.,National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT), Carretera Eldorado Km. 5.5, Apartado Postal 32-A, C. P. 80110, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México (ORCID: https:/orcid.org/0000-0003-3755-881X [J.L.-F.])
| | - Luis Amarillas
- Laboratorio de Genética, Instituto de Investigación Lightbourn, A. C. Carretera Las Pampas Km. 2.5, Col. Tierra y Libertad, C.P. 33980, Ciudad Jiménez, Chihuahua 33981, México
| | | | - Bruno Gómez-Gil
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD), A. C. Unit for Aquaculture, A.P. 711 Mazatlán, Sinaloa 82000, México
| | - Marcial Leonardo Lizárraga-Partida
- Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada 3918, Fraccionamiento Zona Playitas, 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, México
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Pace A, Rinaldi L, Ianniello D, Borrelli L, Cringoli G, Fioretti A, Hochscheid S, Dipineto L. Gastrointestinal investigation of parasites and Enterobacteriaceae in loggerhead sea turtles from Italian coasts. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:370. [PMID: 31653209 PMCID: PMC6815054 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2113-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Caretta caretta is the most abundant sea turtle species in the Mediterranean, and studies on this species have vastly expanded during recent years, including those investigating gut bacterial and parasitic communities. Members of these communities have been reported with variable prevalence and pathogenicity, mainly depending on their host and environment (e.g. lifespan, distribution, habitat, diet, health status and stressors). Indeed, many species commonly inhabiting the sea turtle gastrointestinal tract exhibit an opportunistic behaviour. This study aimed to provide baseline data on enterobacterial and parasitic composition, through bacteriological culture-based methods and the FLOTAC parasitological technique, in cloacal and faecal samples of 30 live Caretta caretta, examined upon their arrival at the Marine Turtle Research Centre (Portici, Italy). Results Enterobacteriaceae were isolated in 18/23 cloacal samples (78.3%), with Citrobacter and Morganella as the most common genera, followed by Proteus, Enterobacter, Providencia, and Hafnia. Parasitic elements were detected in 11/30 faecal samples (36.7%), with Enodiotrema, Rhytidodes, and Eimeria as most common genera, followed by Pachypsolus and Cymatocarpus. Additionally, Angiodyctium is reported for the first time in this host. The majority (47.8%) of sea turtles hosted exclusively Enterobacteriaceae, whereas 30.4% hosted both parasites and Enterobacteriaceae; the remaining 21.8% hosted neither of the agents. Conclusions Bacteria and parasites evaluated in the present study are common in Mediterranean loggerhead sea turtles, with slight differences between the western and eastern basin. Although naturally present in the gastrointestinal system of free-living sea turtles, their relationship with these hosts might range from mutualism to parasitism. Indeed, members of the gut community might express their pathogenic potential in immune-compromised animals, such as those in rehabilitation facilities. Therefore, it is advisable to include in the standard work-up of rescued sea turtles a screening procedure for such opportunistic agents, in order to better evaluate the animal’s health status and achieve timely intervention with appropriate treatment, thus improving rehabilitation. Furthermore, data collected from free-living sea turtles represent a starting point for investigating wild populations. However, further studies are needed to clarify the differences between sea turtle’s normal gut microbiome and pathobiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Pace
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University Federico II, via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy. .,Marine Turtle Research Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, via Nuova Macello 16, 80055, Portici, Na, Italy.
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University Federico II, via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Ianniello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University Federico II, via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Borrelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University Federico II, via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cringoli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University Federico II, via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fioretti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University Federico II, via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Sandra Hochscheid
- Marine Turtle Research Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, via Nuova Macello 16, 80055, Portici, Na, Italy
| | - Ludovico Dipineto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University Federico II, via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Zhang S, Wang J, Jiang M, Xu D, Peng B, Peng X, Li H. Reduced redox‐dependent mechanism and glucose‐mediated reversal in gentamicin‐resistant
Vibrio alginolyticus. Environ Microbiol 2019; 21:4724-4739. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University, University City Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University, University City Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University, University City Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Di Xu
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University, University City Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University, University City Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production ProcessesQingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266071 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519000 China
| | - Xuan‐xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University, University City Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production ProcessesQingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266071 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519000 China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio‐Control, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen University, University City Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production ProcessesQingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266071 China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519000 China
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29
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Inurria A, Arencibia A, Calabuig P, Gómez M, Déniz S, Orós J. Mortality associated with ingestion of sea urchins in loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta): A case series. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221730. [PMID: 31442294 PMCID: PMC6707556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The aims of this study were: a) to describe the pathological and laboratory findings in a case series of stranding and mortality associated with ingestion of large amounts of sea urchins in loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta), and b) to alert veterinarians and biologists involved in sea turtle conservation of this cause of stranding and/or death. Methods The six loggerheads studied were stranded on the coasts of Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain, between 2008 and 2015. Post mortem studies included pathological, microbiological, and sea urchin species identification procedures. Results All turtles showed severe intestinal impaction caused by large amounts of sea urchins, mainly affecting the colon and the caudal half of the small intestine. Histologically, severe focal fibrinonecrotic enteritis was diagnosed in two turtles. In the remaining turtles, lesions ranged from mild desquamation of the intestinal epithelium to severe congestion of the blood vessels of lamina propria, submucosa, muscular and serosa, and edema. Vibrio sp. was isolated from the spleen and intestinal mucosa of a loggerhead in which focal fibrinonecrotic enteritis had been diagnosed. In five turtles, all the remains were fragments from long-spined sea urchins (Diadema africanum); the last turtle contained a mixture of long-spined sea urchin (90%) and purple sea urchin (Sphaerechinus granularis) (10%) remains. Conclusions Although the prevalence of this cause of stranding was low (< 1.6%) compared to other mortality causes, continued overfishing and anthropogenic climate change could increase its incidence. Intestinal impaction with large amounts of sea urchins should be included in the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases in sea turtles, and the possible toxic effect of some sea urchin species on sea turtles should also be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Inurria
- Department of Morphology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Arucas (Las Palmas), Spain
| | - Alberto Arencibia
- Department of Morphology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Arucas (Las Palmas), Spain
| | - Pascual Calabuig
- Tafira Wildlife Rehabilitation Center, Tafira Baja-Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - May Gómez
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR), University Institute for Sustainable Aquaculture and Marine Ecosystems (IU-ECOAQUA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Telde (Las Palmas), Spain
| | - Soraya Déniz
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Arucas (Las Palmas), Spain
| | - Jorge Orós
- Department of Morphology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Arucas (Las Palmas), Spain
- * E-mail:
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Oliver-Guimerá A, Lourdes Abarca M, Cuvertoret-Sanz M, Domingo M. Fatal Photobacterium damselae-induced enteritis in a leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2019; 135:151-156. [PMID: 31392967 DOI: 10.3354/dao03388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stranded leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea complete pathology reports are rare, and the cause of mortality is difficult to determine in many cases. We conducted a complete pathological study of a stranded leatherback turtle from the western Mediterranean. The main finding was a fibrino-necrotizing enteritis with associated bacteria which were identified as Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae according to biochemical and phenotypical characteristics. This report provides evidence of the pathogenic effect of this bacterium in wild sea turtles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Oliver-Guimerá
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Piper betel Compounds Piperidine, Eugenyl Acetate, and Chlorogenic Acid Are Broad-Spectrum Anti- Vibrio Compounds that Are Also Effective on MDR Strains of the Pathogen. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8020064. [PMID: 31086061 PMCID: PMC6631886 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural population of the aquatic environment supports a diverse aquatic biota and a robust seafood industry. However, this environment also provides an appropriate niche for the growth of pathogenic bacteria that cause problems for human health. For example, species of the genus Vibrio inhabit marine and estuarine environments. This genus includes species that are pathogenic to aquaculture, invertebrates, and humans. In humans, they can cause prominent diseases like gastroenteritis, wound infections, and septicemia. The increased number of multidrug resistant (MDR) Vibrio strains has drawn the attention of the scientific community to develop new broad-spectrum antibiotics. Hence, in this paper we report the bactericidal effects of compounds derived from Piper betel plants: piperidine, chlorogenic acid, and eugenyl acetate, against various strains of Vibrio species. The different MIC90 values were approximately in a range of 2–6 mg/mL, 5–16 mg/mL, 5–20 mg/mL, and 30–80 mg/mL, for piperidine, chlorogenic acid, and eugenyl acetate, respectively. Piperidine showed the best anti-Vibrio effect against the five Vibrio species tested. Interestingly, combinations of sub-inhibitory concentrations of piperidine, chlorogenic acid, and eugenyl acetate showed inhibitory effects in the Vibrio strains. Furthermore, these compounds showed synergism or partial synergism effects against MDR strains of the Vibrio species when they were incubated with antibiotics (ampicillin and chloramphenicol).
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32
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Liu SR, Peng XX, Li H. Metabolic mechanism of ceftazidime resistance in Vibrio alginolyticus. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:417-429. [PMID: 30863124 PMCID: PMC6388739 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s179639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microbial metabolism confounds antibiotic efficacy. However, information regarding effect of metabolism on cephalosporin antibiotics-mediated killing and Vibrio spp is largely absence, although the drugs are widely used in clinic and the bacteria are pathogens to both human and aquaculture animals. Purpose This study explores the metabolome of cephalosporin antibiotic-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus and analyzes the role of bacterial metabolism in drug and multidrug-resistance. Results The metabolomes of isogenic ceftazidime-resistant V. alginolyticus (VA-RCAZ) and ceftazidime-sensitive V. alginolyticus (VA-S) were analyzed using gas chromatography -mass spectrometry. The metabolome of VA-RCAZ is characterized by inefficient respiration, an inefficient pyruvate cycle (P cycle), increased biosynthesis of fatty acids and decreased membrane proton motive force. This hypothesis was confirmed by the fact that furfural and malonate, inhibitors of pyruvate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase (P cycle enzymes), respectively, increased resistance of VA-RCAZ to antibiotics, while exposure to triclosan, to inhibit biosynthesis of fatty acids, decreased resistance. Conclusion These results contribute to our understanding of mechanisms of bacterial antibiotic-resistance and may lead to more effective approaches to treat, manage or prevent infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens including those of the Vibrio species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Rao Liu
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China, ; .,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China,
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China, ;
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33
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Interaction of Vibrio to Biotic and Abiotic Surfaces: Relationship between Hydrophobicity, Cell Adherence, Biofilm Production, and Cytotoxic Activity. SURFACES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/surfaces1010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus are important pathogenic agents for both humans and aquatic animals. Twenty-five bacterial strains were isolated from infected sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) on thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose (TCBS) agar plates. For the species-specific detection of V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus, a multiplex PCR assay using two collagenase-targeted primer pairs allows the detection of four strains of V. parahaemolyticus and three strains of V. alginolyticus. The seven identified isolates were partitioned for capsule production, hydrophobicity, adherence, biofilm formation, invasion, and cytotoxicity against Hep-2 cells. Two V. parahaemolyticus (Spa2 and Spa3) and one V. alginolyticus (Va01) were capsule producers developing almost black colonies on CRA, they showed a strong hydrophobicity using bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbons test (BATH), and were able to produce high biofilm. Isolates were able to adhere and invade Hep-2 cells and exhibited dissimilar levels of cytotoxicity in epithelial cells. This study shows the strong relationship between adhesion, biofilm formation, invasion and the cytotoxicity of Vibrio strains. Thus, we found a strong and significant positive correlation between different virulence properties of these isolates. The present study shows that bacterial contact with the cells as well as adhesion and invasion are essential steps to induce cytotoxicity. However, the invasion is seen to be a post adherence event.
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Yang J, Zeng ZH, Yang MJ, Cheng ZX, Peng XX, Li H. NaCl promotes antibiotic resistance by reducing redox states in Vibrio alginolyticus. Environ Microbiol 2018; 20:4022-4036. [PMID: 30307102 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The development of antibiotic resistance in Vibrio alginolyticus represents a threat to human health and fish farming. Environmental NaCl regulation of bacterial physiology is well documented, but whether the regulation contributes to antibiotic resistance remains unknown. To explore this, we compared minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of V. alginolyticus cultured in different media with 0.5%-10% NaCl, and found that the MIC increased as the NaCl concentration increased, especially for aminoglycoside antibiotics. Consistent with this finding, internal NaCl also increased, while intracellular gentamicin level decreased. GC-MS-based metabolomics showed different distributions of pyruvate cycle intermediates among 0.5%, 4% and 10% NaCl. Differential activity of enzymes in the pyruvate cycle and altered expression of Na(+)-NQR led to a reducing redox state, characterized by decreased levels of NADH, proton motive force (PMF) and ATP. Meanwhile, NaCl negatively regulated PMF as a consequence of the reducing redox state. These together are responsible for the decreased intracellular gentamicin level with the increased external level of NaCl. Our study reveals a previously unknown redox state-dependent mechanism regulated by NaCl in V. alginolyticus that impacts antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zao-Hai Zeng
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Man-Jun Yang
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xue Cheng
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
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35
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Galaviz-Silva L, Iracheta-Villarreal JM, Molina-Garza ZJ. Bacillus and Virgibacillus strains isolated from three Mexican coasts antagonize Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2018; 365:5075581. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Galaviz-Silva
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Patología Molecular y Experimental. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad B, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, C.P. 66455, Mexico
| | - Jesús Mario Iracheta-Villarreal
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Patología Molecular y Experimental. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad B, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, C.P. 66455, Mexico
| | - Zinnia Judith Molina-Garza
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Patología Molecular y Experimental. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad B, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, C.P. 66455, Mexico
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The depressed central carbon and energy metabolisms is associated to the acquisition of levofloxacin resistance in Vibrio alginolyticus. J Proteomics 2018; 181:83-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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37
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Sulca MA, Orozco R, Alvarado DE. Antimicrobial resistance not related to 1,2,3 integrons and Superintegron in Vibrio spp. isolated from seawater sample of Lima (Peru). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 131:370-377. [PMID: 29886960 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in microorganisms has been attributed to integrons, which have the ability to capture antimicrobial resistance gene cassettes and express them in their hosts. 170 strains of Vibrio spp. were isolated from Lima (Peru) seawater samples and identified by biochemical tests and PCR. AMR profiles were generated using 15 standard antibiotics. The presence of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons and Superintegron in these strains were also investigated by PCR. Ten species of Vibrio were identified with V. alginolyticus the most frequent. All strains were resistant to antibiotics, especially to penicillin group. No resistance to norfloxacin or tetracycline was observed. Class 1, 2 and 3 integrons were not found, only one Superintegron containing the mutT gene was identified in V. cholerae L22 strain. This indicated that AMR is not related to integrons as mentioned previously and that these strains can be reservoirs of resistance genes in marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos A Sulca
- Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Biological Science, National University of San Marcos, Lima, Peru; Aquatic Microbiology Laboratory, Alexander von Humboldt Aquaculture Research Center - IMARPE, Lima, Peru.
| | - Rita Orozco
- Aquatic Microbiology Laboratory, Alexander von Humboldt Aquaculture Research Center - IMARPE, Lima, Peru
| | - Débora E Alvarado
- Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Biological Science, National University of San Marcos, Lima, Peru
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Ahasan MS, Waltzek TB, Huerlimann R, Ariel E. Comparative analysis of gut bacterial communities of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) pre-hospitalization and post-rehabilitation by high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Microbiol Res 2017; 207:91-99. [PMID: 29458874 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stranded green turtles (Chelonia mydas) are often cared for in rehabilitation centers until they recover. Although the specific causal agents of diseases in stranded turtles are difficult to diagnose, we know that gut microbiota of green turtles play a vital role in health as well as a wide range of diseases. The objective of this study was to characterize and compare the gut bacterial communities between pre-hospitalization (PH) and post-rehabilitation (PR) stranded green turtles using high-throughput sequencing analysis targeting V1-V3 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. A total of eight cloacal swab samples were collected from four green turtles undergoing rehabilitation. Proteobacteria dominating in both PH and PR samples without any significant difference. Firmicutes was the second and Bacteroidetes was the third most abundant phylum in PH samples, while Bacteroidetes prevailed in PR samples, followed by Firmicutes. The predominance of the genus Bacteroides in both PH and PR samples indicates the importance of this genus in turtle gut health. At a class level, Epsilonproteobacteria was significantly (P<0.05) associated with PH samples and Deltaproteobacteria predominated (P<0.05) in PR samples. The significant abundance of Campylobacter fetus, Escherichia coli, Clostridium botulinum and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in PH samples indicate pathogenic associations with stranded green turtles with zoonotic potential. The presence of Salmonella enterica in only PR samples suggest possible acquisition of this bacteria during rehabilitation. In this study, all post-rehabilitation green turtles exhibited similar bacterial communities, irrespective of their microbial compositions at pre-hospitalization. The marked differences in the gut bacterial communities of PH and PR turtles indicate the outcome of dietary, management and environmental shift during rehabilitation. Therefore, it is important to address the process of restoring normal gut microbiota of recovered turtles prior to release back to their natural habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shamim Ahasan
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Qld, Australia.
| | - Thomas B Waltzek
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Roger Huerlimann
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Qld, Australia
| | - Ellen Ariel
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Qld, Australia
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Antibiotic Resistant Bacterial Isolates from Captive Green Turtles and In Vitro Sensitivity to Bacteriophages. Int J Microbiol 2017; 2017:5798161. [PMID: 29147114 PMCID: PMC5632865 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5798161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to test multidrug resistant isolates from hospitalised green turtles (Chelonia mydas) and their environment in North Queensland, Australia, for in vitro susceptibility to bacteriophages. Seventy-one Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from green turtle eye swabs and water samples. Broth microdilution tests were used to determine antibiotic susceptibility. All isolates were resistant to at least two antibiotics, with 24% being resistant to seven of the eight antibiotics. Highest resistance rates were detected to enrofloxacin (77%) and ampicillin (69.2%). More than 50% resistance was also found to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (62.5%), ceftiofur (53.8%), and erythromycin (53.3%). All the enriched phage filtrate mixtures resulted in the lysis of one or more of the multidrug resistant bacteria, including Vibrio harveyi and V. parahaemolyticus. These results indicate that antibiotic resistance is common in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from hospitalised sea turtles and their marine environment in North Queensland, supporting global concern over the rapid evolution of multidrug resistant genes in the environment. Using virulent bacteriophages as antibiotic alternatives would not only be beneficial to turtle health but also prevent further addition of multidrug resistant genes to coastal waters.
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Adel M, Mohammadmoradi K, Ley-Quiñonez CP. Trace element concentrations in muscle tissue of milk shark, (Rhizoprionodon acutus) from the Persian Gulf. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:5933-5937. [PMID: 28070810 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8358-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the heavy metals concentrations in muscle samples of milk shark (Rhizoprionodon acutus) from Persian Gulf. The metals distribution was Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd > Hg. No statistical differences were observed among size or weight by sex (p < 0.05). Metals concentrations in the population de R. acutus from Larak and Lavan islands are homogeneous along the coastal study area. Our study suggest that the results reflect the natural contents of trace metals in this species, and the health risk associated to milk shark consumption in Persian Gulf is relatively low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Adel
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kolsoom Mohammadmoradi
- Food and Cosmetic Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Cesar P Ley-Quiñonez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-SIN, Blvd. Juan de Dios Batiz Paredes #250, Col. San Joachin, 81101, Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico.
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Rees AF, Alfaro-Shigueto J, Barata PCR, Bjorndal KA, Bolten AB, Bourjea J, Broderick AC, Campbell LM, Cardona L, Carreras C, Casale P, Ceriani SA, Dutton PH, Eguchi T, Formia A, Fuentes MMPB, Fuller WJ, Girondot M, Godfrey MH, Hamann M, Hart KM, Hays GC, Hochscheid S, Kaska Y, Jensen MP, Mangel JC, Mortimer JA, Naro-Maciel E, Ng CKY, Nichols WJ, Phillott AD, Reina RD, Revuelta O, Schofield G, Seminoff JA, Shanker K, Tomás J, van de Merwe JP, Van Houtan KS, Vander Zanden HB, Wallace BP, Wedemeyer-Strombel KR, Work TM, Godley BJ. Are we working towards global research priorities for management and conservation of sea turtles? ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2016. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Letchumanan V, Chan KG, Pusparajah P, Saokaew S, Duangjai A, Goh BH, Ab Mutalib NS, Lee LH. Insights into Bacteriophage Application in Controlling Vibrio Species. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1114. [PMID: 27486446 PMCID: PMC4949243 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections from various organisms including Vibrio sp. pose a serious hazard to humans in many forms from clinical infection to affecting the yield of agriculture and aquaculture via infection of livestock. Vibrio sp. is one of the main foodborne pathogens causing human infection and is also a common cause of losses in the aquaculture industry. Prophylactic and therapeutic usage of antibiotics has become the mainstay of managing this problem, however, this in turn led to the emergence of multidrug resistant strains of bacteria in the environment; which has raised awareness of the critical need for alternative non-antibiotic based methods of preventing and treating bacterial infections. Bacteriophages - viruses that infect and result in the death of bacteria - are currently of great interest as a highly viable alternative to antibiotics. This article provides an insight into bacteriophage application in controlling Vibrio species as well underlining the advantages and drawbacks of phage therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vengadesh Letchumanan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala LumpurMalaysia
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Priyia Pusparajah
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
| | - Surasak Saokaew
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
- Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, PhayaoThailand
- Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, PhitsanulokThailand
| | - Acharaporn Duangjai
- Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, PhayaoThailand
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, PhayaoThailand
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
- Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, PhayaoThailand
| | - Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
- Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, PhayaoThailand
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Letchumanan V, Chan KG, Lee LH. An insight of traditional plasmid curing in Vibrio species. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:735. [PMID: 26347714 PMCID: PMC4544227 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As the causative agent of foodborne related illness, Vibrio species causes a huge impact on the public health and management. Vibrio species is often associated with seafood as the latter plays a role as a vehicle to transmit bacterial infections. Hence, antibiotics are used not to promote growth but rather to prevent and treat bacterial infections. The extensive use of antibiotics in the aquaculture industry and environment has led to the emerging of antibiotic resistant strains. This phenomenon has triggered an alarming public health concern due to the increase number of pathogenic Vibrio strains that are resistant to clinically used antibiotics and is found in the environment. Antibiotic resistance and the genes location in the strains can be detected through plasmid curing assay. The results derived from plasmid curing assay is fast, cost effective, sufficient in providing insights, and influence the antibiotic management policies in the aquaculture industry. This presentation aims in discussing and providing insights on various curing agents in Vibrio species. To our best of knowledge, this is a first review written discussing on plasmid curing in Vibrio species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vengadesh Letchumanan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway Malaysia ; Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway Malaysia
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