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Fuertes de Vega L, de la Torre García JM, Suarez Farfante JM, Ceballos Rodríguez MC. AEDV Expert Consensus for the Management of Syphilis. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2024:S0001-7310(24)00339-9. [PMID: 38663730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2024.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Syphilis -the "great simulator" for classical venereologists-is re-emerging in Western countries despite adequate treatment; several contributing factors have been identified, including changes in sexual behaviour, which won't be the topic of this article though. In 2021, a total of 6613 new cases of syphilis were reported in Spain, representing an incidence of 13.9×100 000 inhabitants (90.5%, men). Rates have increased progressively since 2000. The clinical presentation of syphilis is heterogeneous. Although chancroid, syphilitic roseola and syphilitic nails are typical lesions, other forms of the disease can be present such as non-ulcerative primary lesions like Follmann balanitis, chancres in the oral cavity, patchy secondary lingual lesions, or enanthema on the palate and uvula, among many others. Regarding diagnosis, molecular assays such as PCR have been replacing dark-field microscopy in ulcerative lesions while automated treponemal tests (EIA, CLIA) are being used in serological tests, along with classical tests (such as RPR and HAART) for confirmation and follow-up purposes. The interpretation of these tests should be assessed in the epidemiological and clinical context of the patient. HIV serology and STI screening should be requested for anyone with syphilis. Follow-up of patients under treatment is important to ensure healing and detect reinfection. Serological response to treatment should be assessed with the same non-treponemal test (RPR/VDRL); 3-, 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-up is a common practice in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Sexual contacts should be assessed and treated as appropriate. Screening is advised for pregnant women within the first trimester of pregnancy. Pregnant women with an abortion after week 20 should all be tested for syphilis. The treatment of choice for all forms of syphilis, including pregnant women and PLHIV, is penicillin. Macrolides are ill-advised because of potential resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fuertes de Vega
- Servicio de Dermatología, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España; Grupo investigación en ITS y VIH de la AEDV.
| | - J M de la Torre García
- Grupo investigación en ITS y VIH de la AEDV; Centro Diagnóstico y Prevención Enfermedades de Trasmisión Sexual, Servicio Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, España
| | - J M Suarez Farfante
- Grupo investigación en ITS y VIH de la AEDV; Antigua Unidad ITS Campo Gibraltar, Algeciras, Cádiz, España
| | - M C Ceballos Rodríguez
- Servicio de Dermatología, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España; Grupo investigación en ITS y VIH de la AEDV
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Gwanya H, Cawe S, Egbichi I, Gxaba N, Mbuyiswa AA, Zonyane S, Mbolekwa B, Manganyi MC. Bowiea volubilis: From "Climbing Onion" to Therapeutic Treasure-Exploring Human Health Applications. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2081. [PMID: 37895462 PMCID: PMC10608581 DOI: 10.3390/life13102081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bowiea volubilis subsp. volubilis is primarily used to address human respiratory infections, coughs, and colds due to its diverse pharmaceutical properties. Notably, the plant contains alkaloids that exhibit notable antifungal, antibacterial, and cytotoxic properties. Additionally, the presence of saponins, with recognized antioxidant and anticancer attributes, further contributes to its medicinal potential. Steroid compounds inherent to the plant have been associated with anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. Moreover, the bulb of B. volubilis has been associated as a source of various cardiac glycosides. Despite these therapeutic prospects, B. volubilis remains inedible due to the presence of naturally occurring toxic substances that pose risks to both animals and humans. The review focuses on a comprehensive exploration concerning B. volubilis ethnobotanical applications, phytochemical properties, and diverse biological activities in relation to in vitro and in vivo applications for promoting human health and disease prevention. The aim of the study is to comprehensively investigate the phytochemical composition, bioactive compounds, and potential medicinal properties of Bowiea volubilis, with the ultimate goal of uncovering its therapeutic applications for human health. This review also highlights an evident gap in research, i.e., insufficient evidence-based research on toxicity data. This void in knowledge presents a promising avenue for future investigations, opening doors to expanded inquiries into the properties and potential applications of B. volubilis in the context of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Madira C. Manganyi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Botany Section, Walter Sisulu University, Nelson Mandela Drive, Mthatha Campus, Mthatha 5117, South Africa; (H.G.); (S.C.); (I.E.); (N.G.); (A.-A.M.); (S.Z.); (B.M.)
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De Rosa N, Santangelo F, Todisco C, Dequerquis F, Santangelo C. Collagen-Based Ovule Therapy Reduces Inflammation and Improve Cervical Epithelialization in Patients with Fungal, Viral, and Bacterial Cervico-Vaginitis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1490. [PMID: 37629780 PMCID: PMC10456438 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Vulvovaginal infections pose significant health challenges for women, necessitating effective treatment approaches. This retrospective observational study aimed at investigating the efficacy of collagen-based vaginal ovules therapy, specifically Plurigin Ovules, in restoring cervical epithelialization and reducing inflammation in mycotic, viral, and bacterial cervico-vaginitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 398 women with cervico-vaginitis were included in the study, categorized into three groups: bacterial cervico-vaginitis (Group A), viral cervico-vaginitis (Group B), and fungal cervico-vaginitis (Group C). Participants received vaginal therapy with Plurigin Ovules for three months. Vaginal health parameters were assessed at baseline (T0) and after six months (T1) using various diagnostic tests and analyzed with appropriate statistical tests. Results: Significant improvement in cervico-vaginitis was observed in all three groups. At T1, 87.7% patients of Group A, 66.7% of Group B, and 71.5% of Group C achieved infection resolution (all p < 0.05). Positive colposcopy results decreased across all groups (p < 0.001). Positive vaginal swabs and altered vaginal pH decreased in group A and C (p < 0.001). Positive HPV tests decreased in Group B (p < 0.001). Positive Pap tests and clinical examinations decreased significantly across all groups (p < 0.001). The odds ratios were calculated to reveal the significant associations between these diagnostic outcomes. The therapy was well-tolerated, and no major adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Plurigin Ovules exhibited promising therapeutic outcomes in the three cervico-vaginitis conditions studied. Bacterial cervico-vaginitis showed the most significant improvement, followed by fungal and viral cervico-vaginitis. These findings emphasize the potential of Plurigin Ovules as an effective therapeutic option for cervico-vaginal inflammation and infection, highlighting its role in promoting re-epithelialization and reducing inflammatory processes in the cervix and vagina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta De Rosa
- Ginecology and Obstetric Department, Pio XI Hospital, 20832 Monza-Brianza, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Santangelo
- Hospital of National Relevance “A. Cardarelli”, 80113 Naples, Italy; (F.S.); (F.D.)
| | | | - Fabiana Dequerquis
- Hospital of National Relevance “A. Cardarelli”, 80113 Naples, Italy; (F.S.); (F.D.)
| | - Claudio Santangelo
- Hospital of National Relevance “A. Cardarelli”, 80113 Naples, Italy; (F.S.); (F.D.)
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Bonkat G, Cai T, Galeone C, Koves B, Bruyere F. Adherence to European Association of Urology Guidelines and State of the Art of Glycosaminoglycan Therapy for the Management of Urinary Tract Infections: A Narrative Review and Expert Meeting Report. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022; 44:37-45. [PMID: 36051173 PMCID: PMC9424561 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Urinary tract infections (UTIs) have a significant impact on patient's quality of life and society. Antibiotic therapy is the primary approach for the management of UTIs; however, it has major limits in the prevention of recurrent UTIs (rUTIs), also increasing the risk of development of multidrug-resistant micro-organisms. Objective The aim of this paper is to discuss the European Association of Urology guidelines for the management of UTIs/rUTIs, the level of adherence to these recommendations, and the available evidence on the use of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) as a possible alternative treatment to prevent rUTIs. Evidence acquisition This narrative review and expert meeting report is based on a literature search concerning the currently available UTI guidelines, the results of a survey administered to 227 urologists, and the opinion of an expert panel in the field of UTIs. Evidence synthesis Results obtained from the literature search showed that adherence to guidelines is not optimal. The survey demonstrated that antibiotics remain one of the treatments of UTIs. However, most of the urologists are aware of the problem caused by the resistance to antibiotics and prefer alternative methods for the prophylaxis of UTIs. Considering the alternative methods, the authors concluded that GAG therapy is highly effective in preventing rUTIs. Conclusions Adherence to the international guidelines is important to align the clinical practice and avoid the spreading of antibiotic resistance. The survey outlines that the misuse and overuse of antibiotics are major problems; an analysis of clinical evidence confirms that GAG therapy is a valuable therapeutic approach to prevent the recurrence of episodes of UTIs and to limit the onset of antibiotic resistance. Patient summary Although antibiotic therapy is primarily used for the management of urinary tract infections (UTIs), misuse and overuse of antibiotics are of concern. Adherence to the international guidelines is important to prevent the spreading of antibiotic resistance. Clinical evidence confirms that the use of glycosaminoglycans is a valuable therapeutic approach to prevent UTI recurrence and limit the onset of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gernot Bonkat
- Alta uro AG, Merian Iselin Klinik, Centre of Biomechanics & Calorimetry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tommaso Cai
- Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Carlotta Galeone
- Bicocca Applied Statistics Center (B-ASC), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.,Biostatistics & Outcome Research, Statinfo, Renate, Italy
| | - Bela Koves
- Department of Urology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Franck Bruyere
- Department of Urology, University of Tours, Tours, France
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Xie L, Yu Z, Gao F. Associations Between Bacterial Vaginosis And Urgency Urinary Incontinence In Women: An Analysis Of Nhanes 2001 To 2004. Urology 2022; 170:78-82. [PMID: 35964786 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2022.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between bacterial vaginosis (BV) and urinary incontinence (UI) in American women. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2004 were merged. Self-collected vaginal swabs were used to assess BV. Urinary incontinence was determined by self-report. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between BV and UI in American women, controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS Overall, 31.3% of female respondents tested positive for bacterial vaginosis. Women with bacterial vaginosis were more likely to report stress urinary incontinence (SUI) (22.78% vs 17.79%), urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) (12.86% vs 7.26%) and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) (7.35% vs 4.42%) than women without bacterial vaginosis. In the adjusted analysis, women with bacterial vaginosis had 1.47 times greater odds of urgency urinary incontinence (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.17, p=0.0160), and bacterial vaginosis did not increase the odds of stress urinary incontinence and mixed urinary incontinence in women. CONCLUSION After controlling for known risk factors, bacterial vaginosis seems to be significantly related to female urgency urinary incontinence. However, the cross-sectional nature of this study does not allow the conclusion of causality. Further basic and cohort studies are needed to examine the association of BV with UUI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xie
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuoyuan Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Xiao B, A D, Qin H, Mi L, Zhang D. Correlation Analysis of Vaginal Microbiome Changes and Bacterial Vaginosis Plus Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Mixed Vaginitis Prognosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:860589. [PMID: 35372135 PMCID: PMC8970117 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.860589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixed vaginitis is the result of the simultaneous presence of different pathogenic processes mediated by at least two types of vaginal pathogens. Among the various types of mixed vaginitis presentations, bacterial vaginosis (BV) plus vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) presents to be the most prevalent form. Mixed vaginitis affects the health of women of all ages worldwide. However, few studies have focused on clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, or therapy of mixed vaginitis. We recruited 48 symptomatic patients with clinical diagnoses of VVC complicated with BV, they were treated with oral metronidazole combined with local clotrimazole and followed to assess the drug efficacy and vaginal microbiome alterations before and after treatment. The vaginal microbiome in BV+VVC mixed vaginitis patients was altered significantly after the combined drug treatment within a unique form different from a simple overlay mode of BV and VVC, the key bacteria including Gardnerella and Atopobium, Lactobacillus. The combined drug therapy for the mixed vaginitis in this study was effective and enhanced treatment for BV may be more favorable because of more difficulty in dealing with BV according to the treatment outcome. The abundance of Lactobacillus in patients with mixed vaginitis affects the recovery of the vaginal microbiome as well as the prognosis, and the abundance should be actively restored. This is the first study to investigate the composition, diversity, and other characteristics of the vaginal microbiome in patients with BV+VVC mixed vaginitis before and after drug treatment, our results provide clues to improving the cure rate and reducing recurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Disi A
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hanyu Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Mi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dai Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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7
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Khoder M, Rafei R, Osman M, Kassem II, Shahin A, Hamze M, Rolain JM. Emergence of a Neisseria flavescens clinical strain with a high level of third-generation cephalosporins resistance in Lebanon. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2022; 103:115660. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2022.115660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum with an increasing incidence in Spain and in the rest of the world. Diagnosis is based mainly on serology, since direct diagnosis by dark field microscopy presents difficulties that limit its widespread use. Molecular biology techniques can be a useful tool for diagnosis in primary and secondary syphilis, although not all types of samples show the same behaviour. These techniques are also useful for the diagnosis of congenital syphilis. They are not recommended, however, for neurosyphilis, due to the low sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction in cerebrospinal fluid. These techniques have been used to study the controversial origin of syphilis, and, through the enhanced Centers for Disease Control method, to perform typing, which helps to elucidate the epidemiology of this infection. Finally, molecular techniques can detect mutations related to macrolide resistance, which are present in a very high percentage of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Otero Guerra
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes, Gijón, España; Grupo de Microbiología Translacional, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA); Grupo de Estudio de Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual. GEITS, SEIMC
| | - Fernando Vázquez Valdés
- Grupo de Microbiología Translacional, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA); Grupo de Estudio de Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual. GEITS, SEIMC; Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, España; Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, España; Instituto Universitario Fernández Vega (IUFV) y Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica (FIO), Oviedo, España.
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9
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Sklyar T, Gavryliuk V, Lavrentievа K, Kurahina N, Lykholat T, Zaichenko K, Papiashvili M, Lykholat O, Stepansky D. Monitoring of distribution of antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms in patients with dysbiosis of the urogenital tract. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.15421/022128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the problem of the development of resistance to drugs among microorganisms that colonize the urogenital system is becoming especially relevant due to broadly distributed dysbiotic conditions of the reproductive system of men and women. Therefore, there should be constant monitoring of the qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiota of the urogential tract and determination of the levels of antibiotic-resistance of strains of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms in the reproductive system of various layers of the population. We monitored 774,375 people of various age and sex – patients of the independent diagnostic laboratory INVITRO in the city Dnipro in 2017–2019. Among the examined people, 640,783 of the patients were diagnosed with the development of dysbiotic disorders, accounting for 82.7% of the total amount of the applications for medical help. According to the results of identification of the range of dysbiotic conditions of the urogenital system of patients of different ages and sexes, we determined the dominating role of facultative anaerobes in the development of dysbiotic impairments caused by colonizations by large numbers of conditionally-pathogenic microorganisms: in women, Gardnerella accounted for 86.1%, Staphylococcus – 63.2%, Streptococcus – 54.1%, Candida – 69.3%; in men, Streptococcus were found in 83.0%, Staphylococcus – 79.4%, Corynebacterium – 54.2% and Candida – 37.6% of the cases. Share of obligate anaerobes was also quite large: women were diagnosed with Prevotella in 59.7%, Peptostreptococcus in 53.2%, Fusobacterium in 45.4% of the cases cases; men were observed to have Peptostreptococcus 62.4%, Clostridium in 54.3%, Bacteroides in 32.5% of the cases. We determined high parameters of frequency of diagnosing antibiotic-resistant isolates of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms that circulate in the urogenital tract of patients with dysbiotic impairments, belonging to the following families: Mycoplasmataceae – 78.6%, Enterobacteriaceae – 56.0% and genera – Staphylococcus – 76.1%, Gardnerella – 24.3%, Corynebacterium – 21.2%. The research revealed increase in the frequency of detection of strains of urapathogenic bacteria resistant to the applied antibiotic preparations in 2018–2019 compared with the data of 2017: increases of 10.3% and 6.4% in representatives of family Mycoplasmataceae resistant to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin respectively, 4.8% and 4.0% in Enterobacteriaceae resistant to chloramphenicol and ampicillin respectively, and 8.9% in the genus Staphylococcus resistant to vancomycin.
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Vazquez F, Fernández J. Resistance-Guided Therapy for Mycoplasma genitalium Infections. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 71:1469-1471. [PMID: 31629367 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Vazquez
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.,Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Grupo de Microbiología Translacional, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.,Grupo de Estudio de Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual, Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, Spain.,Instituto Universitario Fernández Vega y Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.,Grupo de Microbiología Translacional, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
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Techaoei S, Jirayuthcharoenkul C, Jarmkom K, Dumrongphuttidecha T, Khobjai W. Chemical evaluation and antibacterial activity of novel bioactive compounds from endophytic fungi in Nelumbo nucifera. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:2883-2889. [PMID: 33100843 PMCID: PMC7569113 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize an endophytic fungi producing-bioactive compound from the aquatic plant, Nelumbo nucifera. All parts of such plant were cleaned with surface sterilization technique and cultured on potato dextrose agar to isolate endophytic fungi. The identification was characterized by morphological and molecular technique. Fungal isolates were screened to discover antimicrobial activities by disc diffusion method against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus DMST20651 (MRSA). MIC and MBC for those crude fungal extracts were determined. Finally, the chemical profile of crude extract was determined by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Six endophytic fungi were isolated from the surface-satirized parts of N. nucifera. Based on disc diffusion assay, the highest antibacterial activity against MRSA was isolate ST9.1 identified as Aspergillus cejpii. Results demonstrated that the ethyl acetate extraction had more active fractions with MIC of 2.5 mg/ml and MBC concentration of 50.0 mg/ml. The crude extracts were developed to identify the chemical constituents by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The major component of crude extract of endophytic fungi was 5-(1H-Indol-3-yl)-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazin-3-ylamine (C11H11N5). Thus, the plant could be used in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by bacterial pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surachai Techaoei
- Thai Traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi 12130 Thailand.,Innovation of Plants Extraction and Biological Activity for Pharmaceutical Products, Food Supplement and Medical Drugs, Thai Traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi 12130 Thailand
| | | | - Khemjira Jarmkom
- Thai Traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi 12130 Thailand.,Innovation of Plants Extraction and Biological Activity for Pharmaceutical Products, Food Supplement and Medical Drugs, Thai Traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi 12130 Thailand
| | - Thisakorn Dumrongphuttidecha
- Thai Traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi 12130 Thailand.,Innovation of Plants Extraction and Biological Activity for Pharmaceutical Products, Food Supplement and Medical Drugs, Thai Traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi 12130 Thailand
| | - Warachate Khobjai
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Nation University No. 444 Vajiravuth Damnern Road, Prabat Sub-district, Mueang District, Lampang 52000, Thailand
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12
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Resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates to beta-lactam antibiotics (benzylpenicillin and ceftriaxone) in Russia, 2015-2017. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220339. [PMID: 31344102 PMCID: PMC6657886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this work was to study the phenotypic susceptibility and resistance determinants of N. gonorrhoeae isolates to beta-lactam antimicrobials (benzylpenicillin and ceftriaxone). A total of 522 clinical isolates collected in Russia in 2015–2017 were analysed for susceptibility using the agar dilution method. DNA loci involved in antimicrobial resistance were identified using DNA microarray analysis and sequencing. Resistance to benzylpenicillin remained high, with 7.7% of isolates resistant (MICpen > 1 mg/L) and 47.5% of isolates showing intermediate susceptibility (MICpen = 0.12–1 mg/L). The most frequent resistance determinant (72.4% isolates) was the Asp345 insertion in penA, both as a single mutation and in combination with other mutations, particularly with the substitution Leu421Pro in ponA (39.0%). Mutations affecting the influx and efflux of drugs were also found, including amino acid substitutions in PorB (26.8% isolates) and delA in the promoter region of mtrR (22.8%). The accumulation of mutations in chromosomal genes (penA, pon, porA, and mtrR) led to a stepwise increase in MICpen to values characteristic of intermediate resistance. The presence of blaTEM plasmids was found in 25 isolates (4.8%), resulting in a strong increase in resistance to penicillin (MICpen > 16 mg/L) compared with the chromosomal mutations; 23 plasmids were of the African type with TEM-1 beta-lactamase, and two plasmids were of the Toronto/Rio type with TEM-135 beta-lactamase. Only three isolates were found with reduced susceptibility to ceftriaxone, with MICcef = 0.12–0.25 mg/L. Sequencing of penA did not reveal mutations associated with resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, and the gene structure was non-mosaic. The majority of isolates (21 of 25) carrying the blaTEM plasmid also contained the conjugative plasmid with tetM (resistance to tetracyclines), consistent with previously reported data that the presence of the conjugative plasmid facilitates the transfer of other plasmids associated with antimicrobial resistance.
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13
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Association between human papillomavirus and chlamydia trachomatis infection risk in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Public Health 2019; 64:943-955. [DOI: 10.1007/s00038-019-01261-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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DE Souza RO, DA Silva KE, Pereira RM, Simionatto S. Comparison of Treponema pallidum genomes for the prediction of resistance genes. J Biosci 2019; 44:34. [PMID: 31180047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum, which is highly prevalent in several countries, including Brazil. The use of bioinformatics' tools for the identification of resistance genes is an important practice for the study of microorganisms, such as T. pallidum. In this study, the complete genomes of 43 strains of T. pallidum, isolated from different countries, were analyzed. A total of 41,514 sequences were obtained, and compared against prokaryote resistance gene databases using BLASTn, BLASTx and RGI for gene alignment and prediction. From the alignments, it was possible to identify antibiotic resistance genes for each strain. The genes identified in each comparison were grouped according to the antibiotic category in which they show resistance to. The antibiotic-resistant genes related to drugs used to treat syphilis were grouped separately. The in silico tools used have shown to be effective in identifying resistance genes in genomes of T. pallidum strains. Due to the lack of research and accurate information regarding the antibiotic resistance genes in T. pallidum, this study serves as a basis for studies in molecular biology whose aim is the identification of these genes, besides being a reference to help in the control and treatment of this infection.
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Kubanov A, Solomka V, Plakhova X, Chestkov A, Petrova N, Shaskolskiy B, Dementieva E, Leinsoo A, Gryadunov D, Deryabin D. Summary and Trends of the Russian Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme, 2005 to 2016. J Clin Microbiol 2019; 57:e02024-18. [PMID: 30894437 PMCID: PMC6535600 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02024-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Russian Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme (RU-GASP) was established in 2004 and operated continuously during the years from 2005 to 2016. The aims of this study were to summarize the RU-GASP results over this 12-year period and evaluate the trends in Neisseria gonorrhoeae antimicrobial resistance in Russia. In total, 5,038 verified N. gonorrhoeae isolates from 40 participating regions were tested for susceptibility to six antimicrobials via an agar dilution method. DNA loci involved in antimicrobial resistance were identified via minisequencing or DNA microarray techniques. From 2005 to 2016, increasing susceptibility to penicillin G (from 22.6% to 63.0%), tetracycline (from 34.8% to 53.0%), and ciprofloxacin (from 50.6% to 68.6%) was observed, but resistance to these drugs remained high. The proportions of isolates nonsusceptible to azithromycin and spectinomycin peaked in 2011 and decreased thereafter. Of the isolates, only 6 and 23 were identified as nonsusceptible to ceftriaxone according to the CLSI definitions and EUCAST breakpoint (0.57% of the total population), respectively. Comparison of N. gonorrhoeae antimicrobial resistance genetic determinants in 2005 versus those in 2016 showed a significant decrease in the number of isolates carrying chromosomal mutations. The proportion of isolates with wild-type genotypes increased from 11.7% in 2005 to 30.3% in 2016. Thus, the RU-GASP can be considered a successful gonorrhea surveillance program, and the current state of N. gonorrhoeae antimicrobial resistance in Russia is less serious than that in other WHO GASP regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Kubanov
- State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktoria Solomka
- State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Xenia Plakhova
- State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Chestkov
- State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalya Petrova
- State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Shaskolskiy
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Dementieva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Arvo Leinsoo
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Gryadunov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Deryabin
- State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russia
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Gryadunov DA, Shaskolskiy BL, Nasedkina TV, Rubina AY, Zasedatelev AS. The EIMB Hydrogel Microarray Technology: Thirty Years Later. Acta Naturae 2018; 10:4-18. [PMID: 30713758 PMCID: PMC6351029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological microarrays (biochips) are analytical tools that can be used to implement complex integrative genomic and proteomic approaches to the solution of problems of personalized medicine (e.g., patient examination in order to reveal the disease long before the manifestation of clinical symptoms, assess the severity of pathological or infectious processes, and choose a rational treatment). The efficiency of biochips is predicated on their ability to perform multiple parallel specific reactions and to allow one to study the interactions of biopolymer molecules, such as DNA, proteins, glycans, etc. One of the pioneers of microarray technology was the Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (EIMB), with its suggestion to immobilize molecular probes in the three-dimensional structure of a hydrophilic gel. Since the first experiments on sequencing by hybridization on oligonucleotide microarrays conducted some 30 years ago, the hydrogel microarrays designed at the EIMB have come a long and successful way from basic research to clinical laboratory diagnostics. This review discusses the key aspects of hydrogel microarray technology and a number of state-ofthe-art approaches for a multiplex analysis of DNA and the protein biomarkers of socially significant diseases, including the molecular genetic, immunological, and epidemiological aspects of pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. A. Gryadunov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - B. L. Shaskolskiy
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - T. V. Nasedkina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A. Yu. Rubina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A. S. Zasedatelev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Leinsoo AT, Shaskol'skii BL, Dement'eva EI, Gryadunov DA, Kubanov AA, Chestkov AV, Obraztsova OA, Shpilevaya MV, Deryabin DG. Oligonucleotide Microchip for the Identification of Infectious Agents of Reproductive System with Simultaneous Analysis of Determinants of Resistance to Antimicrobial Substances. Bull Exp Biol Med 2017; 164:54-60. [PMID: 29124540 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-017-3925-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We developed a multiplexed DNA microarray-based assay allowing identification of 12 causative agents of reproductive tract infections with the simultaneous detection of 47 genetic determinants of resistance to antimicrobial substances. The microarray was tested on 93 isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, 32 isolates of Treponema pallidum and 29 samples of Ureaplasma spp./Mycoplasma spp. The N. gonorrhoeae isolates had multiple mutations in the penA, ponA, rpsJ, gyrA, parC, and mtrR genes; their prognostic value significantly increased when combinations of mutations were detected. In the analyzed T. pallidum isolates, single A2058G substitution in the 23S rRNA gene responsible for macrolide resistance was found. DNA sequences of Ureaplasma spp./Mycoplasma spp. were determined as wild type, which was not fully consistent with the results of analysis of their antimicrobial susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Leinsoo
- V. A. Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - B L Shaskol'skii
- V. A. Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - E I Dement'eva
- V. A. Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - D A Gryadunov
- V. A. Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Kubanov
- State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Chestkov
- State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - O A Obraztsova
- State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Shpilevaya
- State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - D G Deryabin
- State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Kubanov AA, Leinsoo AT, Chestkov AV, Dementieva EI, Shaskolskiy BL, Solomka VS, Gryadunov DA, Deryabin DG. Drug resistance mutations and susceptibility phenotypes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Russia. Mol Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893317030116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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