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Wang Y, Liu Y, Su X, Niu L, Li N, Xu C, Sun Z, Guo H, Shen S, Yu M. Non-pathogenic Trojan horse Nissle1917 triggers mitophagy through PINK1/Parkin pathway to discourage colon cancer. Mater Today Bio 2024; 29:101273. [PMID: 39415764 PMCID: PMC11480251 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 09/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteria-mediated antitumor therapy has gained widespread attention for its innate tumor-targeting capability and excellent immune activation properties. Nevertheless, the clinical approval of bacterial therapies remains elusive primarily due to the formidable challenge of balancing safety with enhancing in vivo efficacy. In this study, leveraging the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle1917 (EcN) emerges as a promising approach for colon cancer therapy, offering a high level of safety attributed to its lack of virulence factors and its tumor-targeting potential owing to its obligate anaerobic nature. Specifically, we delineate the erythrocyte (RBC) membrane-camouflaged EcN, termed as Trojan horse EcN@RBC, which triggers apoptosis in tumor cells by mitigating mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and subsequently activating the PINK1/Parkin pathway associated with mitophagy. Concurrently, the decline in MMP induced by mitophagy disrupts the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), leading to the release of Cytochrome C and subsequent apoptosis induction. Moreover, synergistic effects were observed through the combination of the autophagy activator rapamycin, bolstering the antitumor efficacy in vivo. These findings offer novel insights into probiotic-mediated antitumor mechanisms and underscore the therapeutic potential of EcN@RBC for colon cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Pharmacy Department, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Institute (college) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Clinical Oncology Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of TCM, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Xiaomin Su
- Pharmacy Department, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Institute (college) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Lili Niu
- Pharmacy Department, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Institute (college) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Nannan Li
- Pharmacy Department, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Institute (college) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Ce Xu
- Pharmacy Department, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Institute (college) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Zanya Sun
- Pharmacy Department, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Institute (college) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Huishu Guo
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Institute (college) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Shun Shen
- Pharmacy Department, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Minghua Yu
- Fudan University Clinical Research Center for Cell-based Immunotherapy & Department of Oncology, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
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Sadeghloo Z, Nabavi-Rad A, Zali MR, Klionsky DJ, Yadegar A. The interplay between probiotics and host autophagy: mechanisms of action and emerging insights. Autophagy 2024:1-23. [PMID: 39291740 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2403277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, a lysosome-dependent protein degradation mechanism, is a highly conserved catabolic process seen in all eukaryotes. This cell protection system, which is present in all tissues and functions at a basic level, can be up- or downregulated in response to various stresses. A disruption in the natural route of the autophagy process is frequently followed by an interruption in the inherent operation of the body's cells and organs. Probiotics are live bacteria that protect the host through various mechanisms. One of the processes through which probiotics exert their beneficial effects on various cells and tissues is autophagy. Autophagy can assist in maintaining host homeostasis by stimulating the immune system and affecting numerous physiological and pathological responses. In this review, we particularly focus on autophagy impairments occurring in several human illnesses and investigate how probiotics affect the autophagy process under various circumstances.Abbreviation: AD: Alzheimer disease; AKT: AKT serine/threonine kinase; AMPK: 5'AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG: autophagy related; CCl4: carbon tetrachloride; CFS: cell-free supernatant; CMA: chaperone-mediated autophagy; CRC: colorectal cancer; EPS: L. plantarum H31 exopolysaccharide; HD: Huntington disease; HFD: high-fat diet; HPV: human papillomavirus; IFNG/IFN-γ: interferon gamma; IL6: interleukin 6; LGG: L. rhamnosus GG; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; MTORC1: MTOR complex 1; NAFLD: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH: non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; PD: Parkinson disease; Pg3G: pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PolyQ: polyglutamine; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SCFAs: short-chain fatty acids; SLAB51: a novel formulation of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria; Slp: surface layer protein (of acidophilus NCFM); SNCA: synuclein alpha; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy-activating kinase 1; YB: B. longum subsp. infantis YB0411; YFP: yeast fermentate prebiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sadeghloo
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Nabavi-Rad
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Abbas Yadegar
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lu S, Liao X, Lu W, Zhang L, Na K, Li X, Guo X. L-Alanine promotes anti-infectious properties of Bacillus subtilis S-2 spores via the germination receptor gerAA. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:1399-1410. [PMID: 37439954 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus species, which have two cell-type forms (vegetative cells and spores), demonstrate a variety of probiotic functions in animal feed additives and human nutrition. We previously found that the probiotic effect of Bacillus subtilis S-2 spores with high germination response to L-alanine was specifically enhanced by the L-alanine pretreatment. The germination response of Bacillus is highly associated with the germination receptors of spores. However, how L-alanine-induced germination of spores exerts anti-infectious effect in epithelial cells remains unclear. In this study, we constructed the mutant strain of B. subtilis S-2 with germination receptor gerAA knockout to further explore the role of spore germination in resisting pathogen infection to cells. The differential probiotic effects of B. subtilis S-2 and S-2ΔgerAA spores pretreated with L-alanine were evaluated in intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) or Caco2 cells infected with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) or following IL-1β stimulation. The results showed that the germination response of the S-2ΔgerAA spores to L-alanine was significantly reduced. Compared with the S-2ΔgerAA spores, the L-alanine-induced germination of B. subtilis S-2 spores significantly increased the activity of anti-adhesion of ETEC to IPEC-J2 cells and reduced the expression of inflammatory factors and cell receptors. L-alanine induction also significantly promoted the expression of autophagy-related proteins in the B. subtilis S-2 spores. These findings demonstrate that the gerAA germination receptor is essential for the probiotic function of Bacillus spores and that L-alanine treatment promotes the anti-infectious properties of the germinated spores in porcine intestinal epithelial IPEC-J2 cells. The result suggests the importance of germination receptor gerAA in helping spore germination and enhancing anti-infectious activity. The findings in the study benefit to screening of potential Bacillus probiotics and increasing probiotic efficacy induced by L-alanine as an adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Lu
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan City, 430074, China
| | - Xianying Liao
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan City, 430074, China
| | - Wei Lu
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan City, 430074, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan City, 430074, China
| | - Kai Na
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan City, 430074, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- CABIO Bioengineering (Wuhan) Co., Ltd, Wuhan City, 430074, China
| | - Xiaohua Guo
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan City, 430074, China.
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Li D, Jiang Y, Cui Z, Ma M, Zhu F, Li G, Yang H, Li S, Zhang T, Chen D, Ma W. Lactobacillus acidophilus protects against Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection by regulating the autophagy of macrophages and maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis in C57BL/6 mice. mSystems 2024; 9:e0048424. [PMID: 38934644 PMCID: PMC11265446 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00484-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (C. p), a facultative intracellular bacterium, is an important zoonotic pathogen that causes abscesses and pyogenic granulomas. The relationship between gut microbiota and host health or diseases has received increasing attention. However, the role of gut microbiota in the process of C. p infection is still unclear. In this study, we established a C. p infection model in C57BL/6 mice and examined the impact of preemptive oral administration Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) on infection. Our findings revealed that C. p infection led to pronounced pathological alterations in the liver and kidneys, characterized by abscess formation, intense inflammatory responses, and bacterial overload. Remarkably, these deleterious effects were greatly relieved by oral administration of L. acidophilus before infection with C. p. Additionally, we further found that during C. p infection, peritoneal macrophages (PMs) of mice orally administered with L. acidophilus accumulated more rapidly at sites of infection. Furthermore, our results showed that PMs from mice with oral L. acidophilus administration showed a stronger C. p clearance effect, and this was mediated by high expression of LC3-II protein. Meanwhile, oral administration of L. acidophilus protected the gut microbiota disorder in C57BL/6 mice caused by C. p infection. In summary, our study demonstrates that oral administration of L. acidophilus confers effective protection against C. p infection in C57BL/6 mice by modulating macrophage autophagy, thereby augmenting bacterial clearance and preserving gut microbiota and function stability. These findings position L. acidophilus as a viable probiotic candidate for the clinical prevention of C. p infection. IMPORTANCE Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (C. p) is known to induce a range of chronic diseases in both animals and humans. Currently, clinical treatment for C. p infection mainly relies on antibiotic therapy or surgical intervention. However, excessive use of antibiotics may increase the risk of drug-resistant strains, and the effectiveness of treatment remains unsatisfactory. Furthermore, surgical procedures do not completely eradicate pathogens and can easily cause environmental pollution. Probiotic interventions are receiving increasing attention for improving the body's immune system and maintaining health. In this study, we established a C. p infection model in C57BL/6 mice to explore the impact of Lactobacillus acidophilus during C. p infection. Our results showed that L. acidophilus effectively protected against C. p infection by regulating the autophagy of macrophages and maintaining intestinal microbiota homeostasis. This study may provide a new strategy for the prevention of C. p infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengliang Li
- Veterinary Immunology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuecai Jiang
- Veterinary Immunology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhanding Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mengzhen Ma
- Veterinary Immunology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fang Zhu
- Veterinary Immunology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guanhua Li
- Veterinary Immunology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haoyue Yang
- Veterinary Immunology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaofei Li
- Veterinary Immunology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianliang Zhang
- Shaanxi Qianyang Saanen dairy goats Development Co., Ltd, Qianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dekun Chen
- Veterinary Immunology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wentao Ma
- Veterinary Immunology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Rahim MA, Seo H, Kim S, Barman I, Ghorbanian F, Hossain MS, Shuvo MSH, Lee S, Song HY. Exploring the potential of Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus PMC203 in inducing autophagy to reduce the burden of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Med Microbiol Immunol 2024; 213:14. [PMID: 38977511 PMCID: PMC11231020 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-024-00794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a lethal pathogen in human history, causes millions of deaths annually, which demands the development of new concepts of drugs. Considering this fact, earlier research has explored the anti-tuberculosis potential of a probiotic strain, Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus PMC203, leading to a subsequent focus on the molecular mechanism involved in its effect, particularly on autophagy. In this current study, immunoblotting-based assay exhibited a remarkable expression of autophagy marker LC3-II in the PMC203 treated group compared to an untreated group. A remarkable degradation of p62 was also noticed within treated cells compared to control. Furthermore, the immunofluorescence-based assay showed significant fold change in fluorescence intensity for alexa-647-LC3 and alexa-488-LC3, whereas p62 was degraded noticeably. Moreover, lysosomal biogenesis generation was elevated significantly in terms of LAMP1 and acidic vesicular organelles. As a result, PMC203-induced autophagy played a vital role in reducing M. tuberculosis burden within the macrophages in treated groups compared to untreated group. A colony -forming unit assay also revealed a significant reduction in M. tuberculosis in the treated cells over time. Additionally, the candidate strain significantly upregulated the expression of autophagy induction and lysosomal biogenesis genes. Together, these results could enrich our current knowledge of probiotics-mediated autophagy in tuberculosis and suggest its implications for innovatively managing tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdur Rahim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea
- Human Microbiome Medical Research Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoonhee Seo
- Human Microbiome Medical Research Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukyung Kim
- Human Microbiome Medical Research Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Indrajeet Barman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea
- Human Microbiome Medical Research Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Fatemeh Ghorbanian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea
- Human Microbiome Medical Research Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammed Solayman Hossain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea
- Human Microbiome Medical Research Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Sarower Hossen Shuvo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea
- Human Microbiome Medical Research Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Saebim Lee
- Human Microbiome Medical Research Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Yeon Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea.
- Human Microbiome Medical Research Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea.
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Chu Z, Zhu L, Zhou Y, Yang F, Hu Z, Luo Y, Li W, Luo F. Targeting Nrf2 by bioactive peptides alleviate inflammation: expanding the role of gut microbiota and metabolites. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38881345 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2367570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex process that usually refers to the general response of the body to the harmful stimuli of various pathogens, tissue damage, or exogenous pollutants. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that regulates cellular defense against oxidative damage and toxicity by expressing genes related to oxidative stress response and drug detoxification. In addition to its antioxidant properties, Nrf2 is involved in many other important physiological processes, including inflammation and metabolism. Nrf2 can bind the promoters of antioxidant genes and upregulates their expressions, which alleviate oxidation-induced inflammation. Nrf2 has been shown to upregulate heme oxygenase-1 expression, which promotes NF-κB activation and is closely related with inflammation. Nrf2, as a key factor in antioxidant response, is closely related to the expressions of pro-inflammatory factors, NF-κB pathway and cell metabolism. Bioactive peptides come from a wide range of sources and have many biological functions. Increasing evidence indicates that bioactive peptides have potential anti-inflammatory activities. This article summarized the sources, absorption and utilization of bioactive peptides and their role in alleviating inflammation via Nrf2 pathway. Bioactive peptides can also regulate gut microbiota and alter metabolites, which regulates the Nrf2 pathway through novel pathway and supplement the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of bioactive peptides. This review provides a reference for further study on the anti-inflammatory effect of bioactive peptides and the development and utilization of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxing Chu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lingfeng Zhu
- Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feiyan Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zuomin Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Clinic Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wen Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Li Z, Peng C, Sun Y, Zhang T, Feng C, Zhang W, Huang T, Yao G, Zhang H, He Q. Both viable Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis B8762 and heat-killed cells alleviate the intestinal inflammation of DSS-induced IBD rats. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0350923. [PMID: 38647334 PMCID: PMC11237488 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03509-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In view of the safety concerns of probiotics, more and more attention is paid to the beneficial effects of dead probiotics cells. Herein, we investigated and compared the alleviation effects of viable Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis B8762 (B. infantis B8762) and its heat-killed cells on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) rats. Four groups of rats (n = 12 per group) were included: normal control, DSS-induced colitis rats without bacterial administration (DSS), DSS-induced colitis rats with viable B. infantis B8762 administration (VB8762), and DSS-induced colitis rats with dead B. infantis B8762 administration (DB8762). Our results showed that both VB8762 and DB8762 administration exerted significant protective effects on DSS-induced IBD rats, as evidenced by a reduction in mortality, disease activity index score, body weight loss, as well as decreased histology score, which were companied by a significant decrease in serum pro-inflammatory factors compared with DSS group, and a stronger effect on modulating the fecal microbiota alpha-diversity and beta-diversity compared with DSS group. Additionally, the fecal metabolome results showed that both VB8762 and DB8762 interventions indeed altered the fecal metabolome profile and related metabolic pathways of DSS-induced IBD rats. Therefore, given the alleviation effects on colitis, the DB8762 can be confirmed to be a postbiotic. Overall, our findings suggested that VB8762 and DB8762 had similar ability to alleviate IBD although with some differences. Due to the minimal safety concern of postbiotics, we propose that the postbiotic DB8762 could be a promising alternative to probiotics to be applied in the prevention and treatment of IBDs.IMPORTANCEInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has emerged as a global disease because of the worldwide spread of western diets and lifestyles during industrialization. Up to now, many probiotic strains are used as a modulator of gut microbiota or an enhancer of gut barrier to alleviate or cure IBD. However, there are still many issues of using probiotics, which were needed to be concerned about, for instance, safety issues in certain groups like neonates and vulnerable populations, and the functional differences between viable and dead microorganisms. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate the beneficial effects of dead probiotics cells. The present study proved that both viable Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis B8762 and heat-killed cells could alleviate dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in rats. The findings help to support that some heat-killed probiotics cells can also exert relevant biological functions and can be used as a postbiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojie Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuantao Peng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Yaru Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Cuijiao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Weiqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Tian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Guoqiang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qiuwen He
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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Wang W, Yang W, Sun J, Yao H, Wang L, Song L. A autophagy related-like protein 16-1 promotes the formation of autophagosomes and autolysosomes in antibacterial immune response of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 147:104748. [PMID: 37276929 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy related 16-like (ATG16L) protein is a core autophagy protein, which promotes the extension of autophagosome membrane through microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3). In the present study, an ATG16L was identified from oyster Crassostrea gigas (defined as CgATG16L1). The full-length cDNA of CgATG16L1 was of 3184 bp with an open reading frame of 1650 bp that encoded a polypeptide of 549 amino acids. There was an ATG5-interacting motif (AFIM) domain, a coiled-coil (CC) domain and seven tryptophan-aspartic acid 40 (WD40) repeats in CgATG16L1. ATG16L1 mRNA was expressed in all the examined tissues with the highest expression in haemolymph (11.22-fold of that in hepatopancreas, p < 0.05). The mRNA expressions of CgATG16L1 in haemocytes increased significantly at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 72 h after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, which were 81.15-fold, 24.95-fold, 6.02-fold, 3.90-fold and 5.97-fold (p < 0.05) of that in control group, respectively. The green positive signals of CgATG16L1 protein and the red positive signals of CgLC3 protein were dotted in the cytoplasm of agranulocytes, semi-granulocytes and granulocytes. The co-localization of CgATG16L1 and CgLC3 was observed in haemocytes after Vibrio splendidus stimulation. In CgATG16L1-RNAi oysters, the number of autophagosomes and autolysosomes in haemocytes was reduced. All these results suggested that CgATG16L1 participated in the bacteria-induced autophagy process in the haemocytes of oyster response to bacteria invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jiejie Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Hongsheng Yao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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9
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Yang J, Zhang X, Zhou Z, Li C, Luo R, Liu H, Fu H, Zhong Z, Shen L, Cao S, Luo Y, Li D, Peng G. Protective Effects of Bacillus subtilis HH2 against Oral Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Beagles. Vet Sci 2023; 10:432. [PMID: 37505837 PMCID: PMC10384286 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10070432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the protective effect of Bacillus subtilis HH2 on beagles orally challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). We assessed the physiological parameters and the severity of diarrhea, as well as the changes in three serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, and IgM), plasma diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactate (D-LA), and the fecal microbiome. Feeding B. subtilis HH2 significantly reduced the severity of diarrhea after the ETEC challenge (p < 0.05) and increased serum levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM (p < 0.01). B. subtilis HH2 administration also reduced serum levels of DAO at 48 h after the ETEC challenge (p < 0.05), but no significant changes were observed in D-LA (p > 0.05). Oral ETEC challenge significantly reduced the richness and diversity of gut microbiota in beagles not pre-fed with B. subtilis HH2 (p < 0.05), while B. subtilis HH2 feeding and oral ETEC challenge significantly altered the gut microbiota structure of beagles (p < 0.01). Moreover, 14 days of B. subtilis HH2 feeding reduced the relative abundance of Deinococcus-Thermus in feces. This study reveals that B. subtilis HH2 alleviates diarrhea caused by ETEC, enhances non-specific immunity, reduces ETEC-induced damage to the intestinal mucosa, and regulates gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ziyao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Caiwu Li
- China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Conservation Biology of Rare Animals in the Giant Panda National Park, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Run Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hualin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Liuhong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Suizhong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Desheng Li
- China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Conservation Biology of Rare Animals in the Giant Panda National Park, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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10
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Wu Y, Hu A, Shu X, Huang W, Zhang R, Xu Y, Yang C. Lactobacillus plantarum postbiotics trigger AMPK-dependent autophagy to suppress Salmonella intracellular infection and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1336-1353. [PMID: 37052047 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
We previously found that Lactobacillus plantarum (LP)-derived postbiotics protected animals against Salmonella infection, but the molecular mechanism remains obscure. This study clarified the mechanisms from the perspective of autophagy. Intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) were pretreated with LP-derived postbiotics (the culture supernatant, LPC; or heat-killed bacteria, LPB), and then challenged with Salmonella enterica Typhimurium (ST). Results showed that LP postbiotics markedly triggered autophagy under ST infection, as indicated by the increased LC3 and Beclin1 and the decreased p62 levels. Meanwhile, LP postbiotics (particularly LPC) exhibited a strong capacity of inhibiting ST adhesion, invasion and replication. Pretreatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) led to a significant decrease of autophagy and the aggravated infection, indicating the importance of autophagy in LP postbiotics-mediated Salmonella elimination. LP postbiotics (especially LPB) significantly suppressed ST-induced inflammation by modulating inflammatory cytokines (the increased interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10, and decreased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF), IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-18). Furthermore, LP postbiotics inhibited NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, as evidenced by the decreased levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC). Deficits in autophagy resulted in an increase of inflammatory response and inflammasome activation. Finally, we found that both LPC and LPB triggered AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway to induce autophagy, and this was further confirmed by AMPK RNA interference. The intracellular infection and NLRP3 inflammasome were aggravated after AMPK knockdown. In summary, LP postbiotics trigger AMPK-mediated autophagy to suppress Salmonella intracellular infection and NLRP3 inflammasome in IPEC-J2 cells. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of postbiotics, and provide a new strategy for preventing Salmonella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Aixin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Shu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxia Huang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinglei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caimei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Wang B, Zhou Y, Wang Q, Xu S, Wang F, Yue M, Zeng Z, Li W. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Lac16 Attenuates Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infection by Inhibiting Virulence Traits and Improving Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function. Cells 2023; 12:1438. [PMID: 37408272 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Large-scale use of antimicrobials in agriculture and medicine contributes to antibiotic residues in raw foods, the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and drug pollution, which seriously threatens human health and imposes significant economic burdens on society, suggesting the need for novel therapeutic options that prevent or control zoonoses. In this study, four probiotics were selected to assess their capability to alleviate pathogen-induced damage. Results showed that a simulated gastrointestinal juice and bile tolerated L. plantarum Lac16 with high lactic acid secretion can significantly inhibit the growth of multiple zoonotic pathogens. Lac16 also significantly inhibited the biofilm formation and mRNA expression of virulence traits (genes related to virulence, toxins, flagella biogenesis and motility, antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation and AI-2 quorum sensing) of enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 (EHEC). Furthermore, Lac16 and Lac26 significantly protected C. elegans against zoonotic pathogen-induced (EHEC, S. typhimurium, C. perfringens) deaths. Moreover, Lac16 significantly promoted epithelial repair and ameliorated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal epithelial apoptosis and barrier dysfunction by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and markedly reduced LPS-induced inflammatory responses by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway. The present results indicate that Lac16 attenuates enterohemorrhagic E. coli infection-induced damage by inhibiting key virulence traits of E. coli, promoting epithelial repair and improving intestinal epithelial barrier function, which may be mediated by the activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and the inhibited TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway of the intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baikui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuanhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shujie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Min Yue
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
- Nanjing Kangyou Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211316, China
| | - Zhonghua Zeng
- Nanjing Kangyou Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211316, China
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Nanjing Kangyou Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211316, China
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12
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Chen H, Sun R, Wang J, Yao S, Batool SS, Yu Z, Huang S, Huang J. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens alleviates the pathological injuries in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum by modulating intestinal microbiome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1172298. [PMID: 37265494 PMCID: PMC10230073 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1172298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosoma japonicum causes serious pathological organ damage and alteration of the intestinal microbiome in the mammalian host, threatening the health of millions of people in China. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens has been reported to be able to alleviate the damage to the gut and liver and maintain the homeostasis of the intestinal microenvironment. However, it was unclear whether B. amyloliquefaciens could alleviate the hepatic and intestinal symptoms caused by S. japonicum. In this study, the intragastric administration of B. amyloliquefaciens was performed to treat S. japonicum-infected mice during the acute phase. Histopathological analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were used to evaluate the pathological damage and changes in the intestinal microbiome. The results of the study showed that B. amyloliquefaciens treatment significantly reduced the degree of granuloma and fibrosis in infected mice. Additionally, recovery of diversity in the intestinal microbiome, decrease in the relative abundance of potential pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia-Shigella, and reshaping of the interactive network between genera in the intestine were also observed after treatment with B. amyloliquefaciens. Our findings indicated that treatment with B. amyloliquefaciens effectively alleviated the pathological injuries of the liver and intestine in mice infected with S. japonicum by modulating the intestinal microbiome, implying that this probiotic can function as an effective therapeutic agent against schistosomiasis. We hope our study will provide auxiliary strategies and methods for the early prevention of schistosomiasis japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruizheng Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingyan Wang
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siqi Yao
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Syeda Sundas Batool
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Yu
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuaiqin Huang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Taha M, Elazab ST, Baokbah TAS, Al-Kushi AG, Mahmoud ME, Abdelbagi O, Qusty NF, El-Shenbaby I, Babateen O, Badawy AM, Ibrahim MM. Palliative Role of Zamzam Water against Cyclosporine-Induced Nephrotoxicity through Modulating Autophagy and Apoptosis Crosstalk. TOXICS 2023; 11:377. [PMID: 37112604 PMCID: PMC10144806 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cyclosporine (CsA) is considered one of the main components of treatment protocols for organ transplantation owing to its immunosuppressive effect. However, its use is very restricted due to its nephrotoxic effect. ZW is an alkaline fluid rich in various trace elements and has a great ability to stimulate antioxidant processes. This study aimed to investigate the possible mitigating effect of ZW on CsA-induced nephrotoxicity and its underlying mechanisms. Forty rats were allocated into four groups (n = 10): a control group, ZW group, cyclosporine A group (injected subcutaneously (SC) with CsA (20 mg/kg/day)), and cyclosporine A+ Zamzam water group (administered CsA (SC) and ZW as their only drinking water (100 mL/cage/day) for 21 days). Exposure to CsA significantly (p < 0.001) increased the serum creatinine level, lipid peroxidation marker level (malondialdehyde; MDA), and the expression of apoptotic markers procaspase-8, caspase-8, caspase- 9, calpain, cytochrome c, caspas-3, P62, and mTOR in renal tissues. Meanwhile, it markedly decreased (p< 0.001) the autophagic markers (AMPK, ULK-I, ATag5, LC3, and Beclin-1), antiapoptotic Bcl-2, and antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, the administration of CsA caused histological alterations in renal tissues. ZW significantly (p < 0.001) reversed all the changes caused by CsA and conclusively achieved a positive outcome in restraining CsA-induced nephrotoxicity, as indicated by the restoration of the histological architecture, improvement of renal function, inhibition of apoptosis, and enhancement of autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medhat Taha
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy, Al-Qunfudah Medical College, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudah 28814, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara T. Elazab
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Tourki A. S. Baokbah
- Department of Medical Emergency Services, College of Health Sciences-AlQunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudah 28814, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah G. Al-Kushi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Mecca 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ezzat Mahmoud
- Histology Department, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta 34711, Egypt
| | - Omer Abdelbagi
- Department of Pathology, Qunfudah Faculty of Medicine, Umm-Al-Qura University Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Makka 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naeem F. Qusty
- Medical Laboratories Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim El-Shenbaby
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Omar Babateen
- Department of physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa. M. Badawy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohie Mahmoud Ibrahim
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Xu X, Liu R, Zhou X, Zhang Z, Zhu T, Huang Y, Chai L, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Li W, Mao G. Characterization of exosomes derived from IPEC-J2 treated with probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 and its regulation of macrophage functions. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1033471. [PMID: 36439093 PMCID: PMC9682075 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics can maintain or improve health by modulating the response of immune cells in the gastrointestinal tract. However, the mechanisms by which probiotics promote macrophage (Mφ) activity are poorly understood. Here, we evaluated exosomes derived from intestinal epithelial cells treated with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 (Ba) and investigated the regulation of Mφ phagocytosis, apoptosis, and polarization. We isolated two exosomes from intestinal porcine epithelial cell lines (IPEC-J2) with or without Ba-treatment, named Ba-Exo and Exo, respectively. They had typical sizes and a cup-shaped morphology, and their surfaces presented typical exosomes-associated proteins, including CD63, ALIX, and TSG101. Ba-Exo and Exo could entrer Mφ (3D4/21 cells) effectively. Moreover, an in vitro phagocytosis assay demonstrated that Ba-Exo can promote phagocytosis of Mφ. Similar to Exo, Ba-Exo had no effect on Mφ apoptosis. Furthermore, Ba-Exo significantly increased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), declined the expression of arginase 1 (Arg1) in Mφ, and stimulated Mφ polarization to M1. To explore the differences in the regulation of Mφ polarization between Ba-Exo and Exo, we performed reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of the small RNAs and found that miR-222 increased in the Ba-Exo group compared to that in the Exo group. These results provide a new perspective on the relationship between probiotics and intestinal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Xu
- Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuqiang Zhou
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongshan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Tianjun Zhu
- Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- Core Facilities, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lan Chai
- Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yazhen Wang
- Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenlei Zhao
- Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Genxiang Mao, ; Weifen Li, ; Zhenlei Zhao,
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Genxiang Mao, ; Weifen Li, ; Zhenlei Zhao,
| | - Genxiang Mao
- Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Genxiang Mao, ; Weifen Li, ; Zhenlei Zhao,
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15
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Barbosa KA, Genova JL, Pazdziora ML, de Azevedo LB, Wendt GN, Rupolo PE, Rodrigues GDA, Carvalho ST, Costa e Silva LF, Costa LB, Saraiva A, Carvalho PLDO. Effects of combined feed additives in diets to support growth performance and intestinal health profile in nursery piglets. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.105121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Rahim MA, Seo H, Kim S, Tajdozian H, Barman I, Lee Y, Lee S, Song HY. In vitro anti-tuberculosis effect of probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus PMC203 isolated from vaginal microbiota. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8290. [PMID: 35585245 PMCID: PMC9116076 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12413-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), poses a severe challenge for public health and remains the number one cause of death as a single infectious agent. There are 10 million active cases of TB per year with 1.5 million deaths, and 2-3 billion people are estimated to harbor latent M. tb infection. Moreover, the emergence of multi-drug-resistant (MDR), extremely-drug-resistant (XDR), and the recent totally drug-resistant (TDR) M. tb is becoming a global issue that has fueled the need to find new drugs different from existing regimens. In these circumstances, probiotics can be a potential choice, so we focused on developing them as an anti-tuberculosis drug candidate. Here, we report the anti-tubercular activities of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus PMC203 isolated from the vaginal microbiota of healthy women. PMC203 exhibited a promising intracellular killing effect against both drug-sensitive and resistant M. tb infected murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 without showing any cytotoxicity. Additionally, it also inhibited the growth of M. tb under broth culture medium. PMC203 did not cause weight change or specific clinical symptoms in a 2-week repeated oral administration toxicity test in a guinea pig model. Here, we also found that PMC203 induces autophagy in a dose dependent manner by increasing the signal of well-known autophagy gene markers, suggesting a possible intracellular killing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdur Rahim
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Hoonhee Seo
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Sukyung Kim
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Hanieh Tajdozian
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Indrajeet Barman
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Youngkyoung Lee
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Saebim Lee
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Ho-Yeon Song
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Chungnam, Korea. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Chungnam, Korea.
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17
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Effects of glucose oxidase and its combination with B. amyloliquefaciens SC06 on intestinal microbiota, immune response and antioxidative capacity in broilers. Animal 2022; 16:100473. [PMID: 35218993 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose oxidase (GOD) is an aerobic dehydrogenase, which catalyses the oxidation of β-D-glucose to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary glucose oxidase and its combined effects with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 (BaSC06) on the intestinal microbiota, immune function and antioxidant capacity of broilers. One-day-old male Lingnan yellow-feathered broilers (n = 720) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups: Control group (basal diet), Anti group (basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg enramycin), GOD group (basal diet supplemented with 75 U/kg GOD), and combination of GOD and BaSC06 (GB) group (GOD diet (75 U/kg) supplemented with 1 × 108 colony-forming units BaSC06/kg feed), with six replicates per group and 30 birds per replicate. The experiment was conducted over 52 days. The results indicated a significant decrease in α-diversity (Observed species, Chao1, PD_whole_tree and Shannon) with GOD treatment, compared with the control group. GB treatment also significantly decreased the Shannon index of cecal microbiota. GOD treatment significantly decreased the α-diversity, whereas GB treatment significantly increased these indices except for the Chao1 index, compared with the Anti group. Compared with the control group, the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the GOD and GB groups was significantly increased, whereas a decrease in Firmicutes was observed. Compared with the Anti group, GOD treatment significantly increased the relative abundances of Bacteroides and Lactobacillales, while GB treatment significantly increased Lactobacillales and decreased Proteobacteria levels. In addition, GOD treatment significantly decreased interleukin-10 and interferon-γ levels, compared with the control group. In contrast, GB treatment significantly downregulated interferon-γ levels and upregulated secretory immunoglobulin A, transforming growth factor-β and interleukin-2 expression in the jejunal mucosa. GOD treatment significantly decreased transforming growth factor-β and interleukin-10 levels, whereas GB treatment markedly increased interferon-γ expression in the jejunal mucosa compared with the Anti group. Furthermore, GB treatment significantly increased the total antioxidant capability levels and the total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities compared with the control group. Meanwhile, GOD treatment significantly increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the jejunal mucosa. Total superoxide dismutase, GSH-Px and CAT activities in the Anti group were higher than in the GOD and GB groups. The malondialdehyde levels in the control group were the highest among all groups. In conclusion, our results indicated that supplementation with GOD alone and its combination with BaSC06 in diet could increase antioxidant capacity, immune function and improve the intestinal microbiota composition of broilers. Combination treatment with GOD with BaSC06 exerted stronger effects than GOD treatment only.
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18
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Cruz-Magalhães V, Guimarães RA, da Silva JC, de Faria AF, Pedroso MP, Campos VP, Marbach PA, de Medeiros FH, De Souza JT. The combination of two Bacillus strains suppresses Meloidogyne incognita and fungal pathogens, but does not enhance plant growth. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:722-732. [PMID: 34689397 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of biocontrol agents is a desirable strategy to improve control efficacy against the root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita under field conditions. However, strains compatibility is generally tested in vitro and incompatible combinations are normally not further examined in experiments in planta. Therefore, there is virtually no information on the performance of incompatible strains. In this study, we evaluated two Bacillus strains previously described as incompatible in vitro for effects on plant growth and suppression of M. incognita, pathogenic fungi and nematophagous fungi. RESULTS Strains BMH and INV were shown to be closely related to Bacillus velezensis. These strains, when applied individually, reduced the number of galls and eggs of M. incognita by more than 90% in tomato roots. When BMH and INV were combined (BMH + INV), RKN suppression and tomato shoot weight were lower compared to single-strain applications. Additionally, metabolites in cell-free supernatants and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from strains BMH and INV had strong effects against the plant pathogens M. incognita, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsiii, but not against three species of nematophagous fungi. Although strain INV and the combination BMH + INV emitted fewer VOCs than strain BMH, they were still capable of killing second-stage juveniles of M. incognita. CONCLUSIONS Bacillus strains BMH and INV inhibited M. incognita and fungal pathogens, and promoted tomato growth. However, strain INV emitted fewer VOCs and the combination BMH + INV did not enhance the activity of the biocontrol strains against the RKN or their capacity to promote plant growth. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafaela A Guimarães
- Department of Phytopathology, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Julio Cp da Silva
- Department of Phytosanitary Defense, CCR, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Amanda F de Faria
- Department of Phytopathology, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Márcio P Pedroso
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Vicente P Campos
- Department of Phytopathology, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Phellippe As Marbach
- Center for Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Sciences, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge T De Souza
- Department of Phytopathology, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
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19
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The Beneficial Effects of Probiotics via Autophagy: A Systematic Review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:2931580. [PMID: 34901266 PMCID: PMC8664546 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2931580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics are living microorganisms increasingly used to treat or modulate different diseases or disorders because of their benefits and also low adverse reaction, and their positive and protective effects on various cells and tissues have been reported. The mechanisms by which probiotics exert their beneficial effects in different cells and tissues were investigated, and autophagy is one of the main mechanisms to induce their positive effects. Autophagy is a conserved process that occurs in all eukaryotic cells and plays an essential role in homeostasis and cell survival by degrading damaged and dysfunctional intracellular organelles. On the other hand, the role of autophagy is diverse in different tissues and situations, and cell death derived from autophagy has been observed in some cells. This search was done in PubMed, WOS, and Scopus using the keywords probiotic, microbiota, and autophagy. The search strategy was focused on the in vitro and animal model studies, and the included filters were English language publications and full-text articles (by June 2020). Studies that investigated other underlying mechanisms except autophagy were excluded. Among more than 105 papers, 24 studies were considered eligible for more evaluation. The obtained results indicated that most studies were performed on intestinal cell lines or tissue compared with other types of cell lines and tissue. This review article discusses our current understanding of the probiotic effects through autophagy in different cell lines and tissues that would be a useful guide to daily and clinical usage of these living microorganisms, but despite promising results of this systematic review, further studies need to assess this issue. This systematic review has demonstrated that autophagy is an effective mechanism in inducing beneficial effects of probiotics in different tissues.
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20
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Merkley SD, Goodfellow SM, Guo Y, Wilton ZER, Byrum JR, Schwalm KC, Dinwiddie DL, Gullapalli RR, Deretic V, Jimenez Hernandez A, Bradfute SB, In JG, Castillo EF. Non-autophagy Role of Atg5 and NBR1 in Unconventional Secretion of IL-12 Prevents Gut Dysbiosis and Inflammation. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 16:259-274. [PMID: 34374750 PMCID: PMC8864635 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal myeloid cells play a critical role in balancing intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. Here, we report that expression of the autophagy-related 5 [Atg5] protein in myeloid cells prevents dysbiosis and excessive intestinal inflammation by limiting IL-12 production. Mice with a selective genetic deletion of Atg5 in myeloid cells [Atg5ΔMye] showed signs of dysbiosis preceding colitis, and exhibited severe intestinal inflammation upon colitis induction that was characterised by increased IFNγ production. The exacerbated colitis was linked to excess IL-12 secretion from Atg5-deficient myeloid cells and gut dysbiosis. Restoration of the intestinal microbiota or genetic deletion of IL-12 in Atg5ΔMye mice attenuated the intestinal inflammation in Atg5ΔMye mice. Additionally, Atg5 functions to limit IL-12 secretion through modulation of late endosome [LE] acidity. Last, the autophagy cargo receptor NBR1, which accumulates in Atg5-deficient cells, played a role by delivering IL-12 to LE. In summary, Atg5 expression in intestinal myeloid cells acts as an anti-inflammatory brake to regulate IL-12, thus preventing dysbiosis and uncontrolled IFNγ-driven intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth D Merkley
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Samuel M Goodfellow
- Center for Global Health, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Yan Guo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Zoe E R Wilton
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Janie R Byrum
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Kurt C Schwalm
- Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Darrell L Dinwiddie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Rama R Gullapalli
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Vojo Deretic
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Anthony Jimenez Hernandez
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Steven B Bradfute
- Center for Global Health, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Julie G In
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eliseo F Castillo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Corresponding author: Eliseo F. Castillo, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, MSC 10 550, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA.
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21
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Growth of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as influence by Si nutrition. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:4329-4336. [PMID: 34114085 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02421-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of study was to determine the influence of soluble and solid forms of Si on the growth of B. amyloliquefaciens. The experiment was conducted at two regimes: under sterile conditions (without B. amyloliquefaciens) and infected conditions (with B. amyloliquefaciens). New formed silica gel, diatomite and monosilicic acid at 1 mM Si and 2 mM Si were used as source of Si. The concentration of monosilicic acid in the solution was measured on second and tenth days of experiment. The total carbon in the solution before and after centrifugation was determined on day 10 of the experiment. The experiment has demonstrated a significant positive effect (by 4.7-41.2%) on B. amyloliquefaciens growth in water system. The presence of B. amyloliquefaciens in Si-rich solution reduced the concentration of monosilicic acid in the solution up to 16.2%. About 13.5-30.7% of B. amyloliquefaciens can be attached to the Si-rich surface without formation of cell clusters. Si can be classified as a beneficial nutrient for B. amyloliquefaciens. The tested strain of Bacillus can form channels in silica gel. The presence of monosilicic acid resulted in the formation of an aligned positioning of cells in water-based solution. This study is the first to demonstrate the direct influence of active Si forms on bacteria growth. The research showed that monosilicic acid or Si-rich solid substances with high solubility on Si can be recommended to increase B. amyloliquefaciens growth in soil, water or reactors.
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22
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Vairagkar U, Nipanikar-Gokhale P, Mirza Y. Genomic insights into biocontrol potential of edible seaweed-associated Bacillus velezensis MTCC 10456 from Gulf of Mannar. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:2941-2952. [PMID: 33770230 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02244-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus velezensis MTCC 10456, is a marine mesophilic heterotrophic bacterium, isolated from edible red seaweed, Laurenciae papillosa, with a potential for plant growth promotion and biocontrol activity. We report the genome sequence analysis of strain MTCC 10456, which has a genome size of 4.19 Mb with an average G + C content of 45.9%, 4077 coding sequences and 94 RNAs. Comparative genome analysis of MTCC 10456 with 76 other land plant-based strains with complete information on the source of their isolation, was carried out. This study provided evidence that multiple gene clusters that contributed to the seaweed colonization, growth promotion, immunity and hyperosmotic stress tolerance are conserved in different B. velezensis strains. A unique methyltransferase gene that can cause global alterations in DNA methylation patterns affecting gene expression and regulation of transcription in MTCC 10456 genome was identified. The genome provides insights into multiple gene clusters encoding antagonistic metabolites, such as non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) and polyketide synthetases (PKSs), unidentified metabolites and genes for antimicrobial resistance. Overall, findings from this study indicate the application of B. velezensis MTCC 10456 in the aquaculture industry as a biocontrol agent and may also contribute in understanding the ecological adaptations of plant-associated B. velezensis strains in different habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttara Vairagkar
- Praj-Matrix-R and D Centre (Division of Praj Industries Limited), 402/403/1098, Urawade, Pirangut, Mulshi, Pune, 412115, India.,Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Padmaja Nipanikar-Gokhale
- Praj-Matrix-R and D Centre (Division of Praj Industries Limited), 402/403/1098, Urawade, Pirangut, Mulshi, Pune, 412115, India
| | - Yasmin Mirza
- Praj-Matrix-R and D Centre (Division of Praj Industries Limited), 402/403/1098, Urawade, Pirangut, Mulshi, Pune, 412115, India.
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23
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Fan Y, Li Y, Chu Y, Liu J, Cui L, Zhang D. Toll-Like Receptors Recognize Intestinal Microbes in Liver Cirrhosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:608498. [PMID: 33708204 PMCID: PMC7940369 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.608498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis is one major cause of mortality in the clinic, and treatment of this disease is an arduous task. The scenario will be even getting worse with increasing alcohol consumption and obesity in the current lifestyle. To date, we have no medicines to cure cirrhosis. Although many etiologies are associated with cirrhosis, abnormal intestinal microbe flora (termed dysbiosis) is a common feature in cirrhosis regardless of the causes. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), one evolutional conserved family of pattern recognition receptors in the innate immune systems, play a central role in maintaining the homeostasis of intestinal microbiota and inducing immune responses by recognizing both commensal and pathogenic microbes. Remarkably, recent studies found that correction of intestinal flora imbalance could change the progress of liver cirrhosis. Therefore, correction of intestinal dysbiosis and targeting TLRs can provide novel and promising strategies in the treatment of liver cirrhosis. Here we summarize the recent advances in the related topics. Investigating the relationship among innate immunity TLRs, intestinal flora disorders, and liver cirrhosis and exploring the underlying regulatory mechanisms will assuredly have a bright future for both basic and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunpeng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanjie Chu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dekai Zhang
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, United States
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24
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Maphasa RE, Meyer M, Dube A. The Macrophage Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Opportunities for Autophagy Inducing Nanomedicines for Tuberculosis Therapy. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 10:618414. [PMID: 33628745 PMCID: PMC7897680 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.618414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The major causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), i.e., Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), has developed mechanisms to evade host defense responses and persist within host cells for prolonged periods of time. Mtb is also increasingly resistant to existing anti-TB drugs. There is therefore an urgent need to develop new therapeutics for TB and host directed therapies (HDTs) hold potential as effective therapeutics for TB. There is growing interest in the induction of autophagy in Mtb host cells using autophagy inducing compounds (AICs). Nanoparticles (NPs) can enhance the effect of AICs, thus improving stability, enabling cell targeting and providing opportunities for multimodal therapy. In this review, we focus on the macrophage responses to Mtb infection, in particular, the mechanistic aspects of autophagy and the evasion of autophagy by intracellular Mtb. Due to the overlap between the onset of autophagy and apoptosis; we also focus on the relationship between apoptosis and autophagy. We will also review known AICs in the context of Mtb infection. Finally, we discuss the applications of NPs in inducing autophagy with the intention of sharing insights to encourage further research and development of nanomedicine HDTs for TB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Retsepile E Maphasa
- Infectious Disease Nanomedicine Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mervin Meyer
- DST/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Admire Dube
- Infectious Disease Nanomedicine Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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25
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WoldemariamYohannes K, Wan Z, Yu Q, Li H, Wei X, Liu Y, Wang J, Sun B. Prebiotic, Probiotic, Antimicrobial, and Functional Food Applications of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:14709-14727. [PMID: 33280382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens belongs to the genus Bacillus and family Baciliaceae. It is ubiquitously found in food, plants, animals, soil, and in different environments. In this review, the application of B. amyloliquefaciens in probiotic and prebiotic microbes in fermentation, synthesis, and hydrolysis of food compounds is discussed as well as further insights into its potential application and gaps. B. amyloliquefaciens is also a potential microbe in the synthesis of bioactive compounds including peptides and exopolysaccharides. In addition, it can synthesize antimicrobial compounds (e.g., Fengycin, and Bacillomycin Lb), which makes its novelty in the food sector greater. Moreover, it imparts and improves the functional, sensory, and shelf life of the end products. The hydrolysis of complex compounds including insoluble proteins, carbohydrates, fibers, hemicellulose, and lignans also shows that B. amyloliquefaciens is a multifunctional and potential microbe which can be applied in the food industry and in functional food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalekristos WoldemariamYohannes
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhen Wan
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qinglin Yu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xuetuan Wei
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yingli Liu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
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26
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Genome mining and UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS to identify the potential antimicrobial compounds and determine the specificity of biosynthetic gene clusters in Bacillus subtilis NCD-2. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:767. [PMID: 33153447 PMCID: PMC7643408 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacillus subtilis strain NCD-2 is an excellent biocontrol agent against plant soil-borne diseases and shows broad-spectrum antifungal activities. This study aimed to explore some secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters and related antimicrobial compounds in strain NCD-2. An integrative approach combining genome mining and structural identification technologies using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), was adopted to interpret the chemical origins of metabolites with significant biological activities. Results Genome mining revealed nine gene clusters encoding secondary metabolites with predicted functions, including fengycin, surfactin, bacillaene, subtilosin, bacillibactin, bacilysin and three unknown products. Fengycin, surfactin, bacillaene and bacillibactin were successfully detected from the fermentation broth of strain NCD-2 by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. The biosynthetic gene clusters of bacillaene, subtilosin, bacillibactin, and bacilysin showed 100% amino acid sequence identities with those in B. velezensis strain FZB42, whereas the identities of the surfactin and fengycin gene clusters were only 83 and 92%, respectively. Further comparison revealed that strain NCD-2 had lost the fenC and fenD genes in the fengycin biosynthetic operon. The biosynthetic enzyme-related gene srfAB for surfactin was divided into two parts. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that FenE in strain NCD-2 had a similar function to FenE and FenC in strain FZB42, and that FenA in strain NCD-2 had a similar function to FenA and FenD in strain FZB42. Five different kinds of fengycins, with 26 homologs, and surfactin, with 4 homologs, were detected from strain NCD-2. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a non-typical gene cluster related to fengycin synthesis. Conclusions Our study revealed a number of gene clusters encoding antimicrobial compounds in the genome of strain NCD-2, including a fengycin synthetic gene cluster that might be unique by using genome mining and UHPLC–QTOF–MS/MS. The production of fengycin, surfactin, bacillaene and bacillibactin might explain the biological activities of strain NCD-2. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07160-2.
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Wang B, Hussain A, Zhou Y, Zeng Z, Wang Q, Zou P, Gong L, Zhao P, Li W. Saccharomyces boulardii attenuates inflammatory response induced by Clostridium perfringens via TLR4/TLR15-MyD8 pathway in HD11 avian macrophages. Poult Sci 2020; 99:5356-5365. [PMID: 33142452 PMCID: PMC7647824 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are professional phagocytic cells that play a critical role in initiating immune responses by presenting antigen and phagocytic clearance. The macrophages can be targeted for immunomodulation by beneficial microbes, such as probiotics. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of Saccharomyces boulardii against Clostridium perfringens infection in avian macrophage cell line HD11. In this study, HD11 macrophages were prestimulated with S. boulardii for 6 h and then infected with C. perfringens for 3 h. Results showed that S. boulardii enhanced phagocytosis and bactericidal capacity against C. perfringens by HD11 cells. The S. boulardii effectively promoted the mRNA expression of CD80, CD83, and CD197 cell-surface molecules in C. perfringens-infected HD11 cells. Moreover, we found that prestimulation with S. boulardii reduced the mRNA expression of CD40, toll-like receptor [TLR] 4, and TLR15 induced by C. perfringens and thereby downregulated the mRNA expression of myeloid differentiation primary response 88, TNF receptor associated factor 6, nuclear factor kappa-B p65 subunit, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase genes in HD11 cells. The upregulation of cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IL-10) and inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression in C. perfringens-infected HD11 cells were noticeably inhibited by S. boulardii pretreatment. Conclusively, these results might provide a new insight into the role of S. boulardii in regulating avian immune defense against C. perfringens invasion and immune escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baikui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Altaf Hussain
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Poultry Science, University of Agriculture Faisakabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Yuanhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zihan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Peng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li Gong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province 528225, China
| | - Pengwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Lactobacillus johnsonii L531 Ameliorates Escherichia coli-Induced Cell Damage via Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity and Promoting ATG5/ATG16L1-Mediated Autophagy in Porcine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Vet Sci 2020; 7:vetsci7030112. [PMID: 32823867 PMCID: PMC7558184 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci7030112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli (E. coli), a main mastitis-causing pathogen in sows, leads to mammary tissue damage. Here, we explored the effects of Lactobacillus johnsonii L531 on attenuating E. coli-induced inflammatory damage in porcine mammary epithelial cells (PMECs). L. johnsonii L531 pretreatment reduced E. coli adhesion to PMECs by competitive exclusion and the production of inhibitory factors and decreased E. coli-induced destruction of cellular morphology and ultrastructure. E. coli induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome associated with increased expression of NLRP3, ASC, and cleaved caspase-1, however, L. johnsonii L531 inhibited E. coli-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Up-regulation of interleukin (Il)-1β, Il-6, Il-8, Il-18, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and chemokine Cxcl2 expression after E. coli infection was attenuated by L. johnsonii L531. E. coli infection inhibited autophagy, whereas L. johnsonii L531 reversed the inhibitory effect of E. coli on autophagy by decreasing the expression of autophagic receptor SQSTM1/p62 and increasing the expression of autophagy-related proteins ATG5, ATG16L1, and light chain 3 protein by Western blotting analysis. Our findings suggest that L. johnsonii L531 pretreatment restricts NLRP3 inflammasome activity and induces autophagy through promoting ATG5/ATG16L1-mediated autophagy, thereby protecting against E. coli-induced inflammation and cell damage in PMECs.
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Katiraei S, de Vries MR, Costain AH, Thiem K, Hoving LR, van Diepen JA, Smits HH, Bouter KE, Rensen PCN, Quax PHA, Nieuwdorp M, Netea MG, de Vos WM, Cani PD, Belzer C, van Dijk KW, Berbée JFP, van Harmelen V. Akkermansia muciniphila Exerts Lipid-Lowering and Immunomodulatory Effects without Affecting Neointima Formation in Hyperlipidemic APOE*3-Leiden.CETP Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900732. [PMID: 31389129 PMCID: PMC7507188 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is an intestinal commensal with anti-inflammatory properties both in the intestine and other organs. The aim is to investigate the effects of oral administration of A. muciniphila on lipid metabolism, immunity, and cuff-induced neointima formation in hyperlipidemic APOE*3-Leiden (E3L).CETP mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Hyperlipidemic male E3L.CETP mice are daily treated with 2 × 108 CFU A. muciniphila by oral gavage for 4 weeks and the effects are determined on plasma lipid levels, immune parameters, and cuff-induced neointima formation and composition. A. muciniphila administration lowers body weight and plasma total cholesterol and triglycerides levels. A. muciniphila influences the immune cell composition in mesenteric lymph nodes, as evident from an increased total B cell population, while reducing the total T cell and neutrophil populations. Importantly, A. muciniphila reduces the expression of the activation markers MHCII on dendritic cells and CD86 on B cells. A. muciniphila also increases whole blood ex vivo lipopolysaccharide-stimulated IL-10 release. Finally, although treatment with A. muciniphila improves lipid metabolism and immunity, it does not affect neointima formation or composition. CONCLUSIONS Four weeks of treatment with A. muciniphila exerts lipid-lowering and immunomodulatory effects, which are insufficient to inhibit neointima formation in hyperlipidemic E3L.CETP mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Katiraei
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical Center2300 RCLeidenThe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical Center2333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Margreet R. de Vries
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical Center2333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical Center2333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Alice H. Costain
- Department of ParasitologyLeiden University Medical Center2333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Kathrin Thiem
- Department of Internal MedicineRadboud UMC6525 GANijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Lisa R. Hoving
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical Center2300 RCLeidenThe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical Center2333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Hermelijn H. Smits
- Department of ParasitologyLeiden University Medical Center2333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Kristien E. Bouter
- Department of Vascular MedicineAcademic Medical Center1105 AZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Patrick C. N. Rensen
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical Center2333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of Medicinedivision of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center2333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Paul H. A. Quax
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical Center2333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical Center2333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Vascular MedicineAcademic Medical Center1105 AZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal MedicineRadboud UMC6525 GANijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Willem M. de Vos
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University6708 WEWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- Université catholique de LouvainLouvain Drug Research InstituteWELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology)Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group1200BrusselsBelgium
| | - Clara Belzer
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University6708 WEWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical Center2300 RCLeidenThe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical Center2333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of Medicinedivision of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center2333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Jimmy F. P. Berbée
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical Center2333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of Medicinedivision of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center2333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Vanessa van Harmelen
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical Center2300 RCLeidenThe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical Center2333 ZALeidenThe Netherlands
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Nemati M, Karbalaei N, Mokarram P, Dehghani F. Effects of platelet-rich plasma on the pancreatic islet survival and function, islet transplantation outcome and pancreatic pdx 1 and insulin gene expression in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Growth Factors 2020; 38:137-151. [PMID: 33569978 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2021.1881502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a therapeutic option in different fields based on its growth factors. We investigated influence of PRP on islet survival, function, transplantation outcomes, and pancreatic genes expression in diabetic rats. In vitro: pancreatic isolated islets were incubated with/without PRP then viability, insulin secretion, and content were assessed. In vivo: Series 1 were designed to determine whether islet treatment with PRP improves transplantation outcome in diabetic rats by evaluating plasma glucose and insulin concentrations and oxidative parameters. Series 2, effects of PRP subcutaneous injection were evaluated on pancreatic genes expression and glucose tolerance test in diabetic rats. PRP enhanced viability and secretary function of islet. Reduced glucose and malondialdehyde levels as well as increased insulin levels, superoxide dismutase activity, and expressions of pdx1 and insulin were observed in diabetic rats. PRP treatment has positive effects on islet viability, function, transplantation outcome, and pancreatic genes expression in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Nemati
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Narges Karbalaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Dehghani
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Effects of an orally supplemented probiotic on the autophagy protein LC3 and Beclin1 in placentas undergoing spontaneous delivery during normal pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:216. [PMID: 32295534 PMCID: PMC7161261 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-02905-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotic supplementation has been shown to be beneficial and is now widely promoted as an auxiliary medicine for maternal health, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Thus, this study aimed to explore the effects of probiotic supplementation on the placental autophagy-related proteins LC3 and Beclin1. METHOD A population-based cohort of specimens was collected under sterile conditions from 37 healthy nulliparous pregnant women who underwent systemic examination and delivered at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University (Guangzhou, China). At 32 weeks of gestation, the pregnant women in the probiotic group were orally supplemented with golden bifid, and the pregnant women in the control group received no probiotic. Pregnant women with pregnancy-associated complications were excluded in the follow-up period, and 25 pregnant women undergoing spontaneous delivery were enrolled. The placental tissue specimens were collected at term. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression, and qRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of the placental autophagy-related proteins LC3 and Beclin1. RESULTS ①There was no significant difference in the expression levels of either LC3 or Beclin1 protein between the two groups (P > 0.05). ②Probiotic supplementation induced a modest but not significant decrease in the content of LC3-mRNA with a significant decrease in the content of Beclin1-mRNA (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study indicates that probiotic supplementation may reduce Beclin1-mRNA levels.
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Li LQ, Song AX, Yin JY, Siu KC, Wong WT, Wu JY. Anti-inflammation activity of exopolysaccharides produced by a medicinal fungus Cordyceps sinensis Cs-HK1 in cell and animal models. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:1042-1050. [PMID: 32035153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was to assess the anti-inflammatory potential of exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by a medicinal fungus Cordyceps sinensis Cs-HK1. The EPS was isolated from the Cs-HK1 mycelial fermentation broth by ethanol precipitation and purified by deproteinization and dialysis. The EPS had a total sugar content of 74.8% and a maximum average molecular weight (MW) over 107 Da, and consisted mainly of glucose and mannose, and a small amount of galactose and ribose. In THP-1 and RAW264.7 cell cultures, EPS significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses of the cells including the release of NF-κB and several pro-inflammatory factors such as NO, TNF-α and IL-1β. In the murine model of LPS-induced acute intestinal injury, the oral administration of EPS to the animals effectively suppressed the expression of major inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10 and iNOS and alleviated the intestinal injury. The results suggest that the Cs-HK1 EPS has notable anti-inflammatory activity and can be a potential candidate for further development of new anti-septic therapeutics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the anti-inflammation of an EPS from C. sinensis fungal fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Qing Li
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation) in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ang-Xin Song
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation) in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jun-Yi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Ka-Chai Siu
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation) in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wing-Tak Wong
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation) in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jian-Yong Wu
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation) in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Wu Y, Wang B, Xu H, Tang L, Li Y, Gong L, Wang Y, Li W. Probiotic Bacillus Attenuates Oxidative Stress- Induced Intestinal Injury via p38-Mediated Autophagy. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2185. [PMID: 31632359 PMCID: PMC6779063 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have been widely used in maintaining intestinal health and one of their benefits is to enhance host antioxidant capacity. However, the involved molecular mechanisms require further investigated. Autophagy is a self-protection process in response to diverse stresses. We hypothesized that probiotics could modulate intestinal autophagy to alleviate oxidative stress. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were orally administered Bacillus SC06 or SC08 daily for 24 days and thereafter received an intraperitoneal injection of diquat (DQ) to induce oxidative stress. We found that rats administered Bacillus SC06 showed more significant intestinal tissue repair and antioxidant properties than those administered SC08, which suggests a strain-specific effect of probiotics. Moreover, SC06 alleviated apoptosis by regulating the expression of Bcl2, Bax and cleaved caspase-3. Further investigations revealed that SC06 triggered autophagy, indicated by the upregulation of LC3 and Beclin1 and the degradation of p62 in rat jejunum and IEC-6 cells. Preincubation with autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) significantly aggravated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptotic cell formation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), not AKT (alpha serine/threonine kinase)/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), was involved in SC06-induced autophagy. Taken together, Bacillus SC06 can alleviate oxidative stress-induced disorders and apoptosis via p38-mediated autophagy. The above findings highlight a novel mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of probiotics as functional food and provide a new perspective on the prevention and treatment of oxidative damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baikui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yali Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Animal Nutrition and Human Health Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Gong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Liu Q, Ni X, Wang Q, Peng Z, Niu L, Xie M, Lin Y, Zhou Y, Sun H, Pan K, Jing B, Zeng D. Investigation of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Giant Panda Feces for Potential Probiotics In Vitro. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2019; 11:85-91. [PMID: 29353415 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-017-9381-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to isolate an optimal lactic acid bacterial strain from the feces of healthy giant pandas. The strain exhibited good stability at low pH and high bile salt concentrations, activity against pathogens relevant to pandas, and antibiotic susceptibility. In the current study, 25 isolates were obtained from de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe agar. Two (E21 and G83) and eight (E1, E2, E16, E18, E21, E69, E70, and G83) isolates demonstrated good performance at pH 2.0 and bile 2% (w/v), respectively. Three isolates (G83, G88, and G90) possessed better antimicrobial effect on enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli CVCC196 (ETEC) than the rest. One isolate (G83) strongly affected Salmonella, whereas three (G83, G87, and G88) exhibited inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus. All isolates were multi-drug resistant. These isolates were identified as Lactobacillus (5 isolates) and Enterococcus (20 isolates) by 16S rRNA sequencing. Virulence genes were detected in Enterococcus isolates. Isolate G83 was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum and was considered as the best probiotic candidate among all of the experimental isolates. This study provided necessary and important theoretical guidance for further experiments on G83 in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xueqin Ni
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Chengdu Wildlife Institute, Chengdu Zoo, Chengdu, 610081, China
| | - Zhirong Peng
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lili Niu
- Chengdu Wildlife Institute, Chengdu Zoo, Chengdu, 610081, China
| | - Meiling Xie
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yicen Lin
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Kangcheng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Bo Jing
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Dong Zeng
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Abstract
Intestinal dysbiosis is associated with a large number of disease processes including necrotizing enterocolitis and late-onset sepsis in preterm infants and colic and antibiotic-associated diarrhea in term infants. Probiotic microbes are increasingly administered to infants with the intent of decreasing risk of these acute diseases as well as chronic diseases of childhood such as asthma and atopic disease. The mechanisms by which probiotics decrease inflammation, decrease intestinal permeability, alter the intestinal microbiota, and influence metabolism have been discovered through both in vitro studies and in vivo in animal models. We review key mechanisms by which probiotic microbes improve health with emphasis on recent discoveries in the field.
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Khandia R, Dadar M, Munjal A, Dhama K, Karthik K, Tiwari R, Yatoo MI, Iqbal HMN, Singh KP, Joshi SK, Chaicumpa W. A Comprehensive Review of Autophagy and Its Various Roles in Infectious, Non-Infectious, and Lifestyle Diseases: Current Knowledge and Prospects for Disease Prevention, Novel Drug Design, and Therapy. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070674. [PMID: 31277291 PMCID: PMC6678135 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy (self-eating) is a conserved cellular degradation process that plays important roles in maintaining homeostasis and preventing nutritional, metabolic, and infection-mediated stresses. Autophagy dysfunction can have various pathological consequences, including tumor progression, pathogen hyper-virulence, and neurodegeneration. This review describes the mechanisms of autophagy and its associations with other cell death mechanisms, including apoptosis, necrosis, necroptosis, and autosis. Autophagy has both positive and negative roles in infection, cancer, neural development, metabolism, cardiovascular health, immunity, and iron homeostasis. Genetic defects in autophagy can have pathological consequences, such as static childhood encephalopathy with neurodegeneration in adulthood, Crohn's disease, hereditary spastic paraparesis, Danon disease, X-linked myopathy with excessive autophagy, and sporadic inclusion body myositis. Further studies on the process of autophagy in different microbial infections could help to design and develop novel therapeutic strategies against important pathogenic microbes. This review on the progress and prospects of autophagy research describes various activators and suppressors, which could be used to design novel intervention strategies against numerous diseases and develop therapeutic drugs to protect human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Khandia
- Department of Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal 462 026, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj 31975/148, Iran
| | - Ashok Munjal
- Department of Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal 462 026, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Madhavaram Milk Colony, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600051, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281 001, India
| | - Mohd Iqbal Yatoo
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar 190025, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N. L., CP 64849, Mexico
| | - Karam Pal Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil K Joshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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Su J, Liu D, Wang Q, Lin J, Song S, Huang K. Long-Time Instead of Short-Time Exposure in Vitro and Administration in Vivo of Ochratoxin A Is Consistent in Immunosuppression. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7485-7495. [PMID: 31180669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium, contaminating in a wide variety of foods and feeds. Mycotoxins, including OTA, could cause immunosuppression in almost all previous studies in vivo. However, the vast majority of results in vitro showed that mycotoxins caused immunostimulation. Why the results of studies in vitro are contrary to studies in vivo is unknown. Our study aims to explore the underlying reason and mechanism of the paradoxical effect. In this study, porcine alveolar macrophage cell line 3D4/21 was chosen as an in vitro model and treated with 1.0 μg/mL OTA for different times. Some indexes, such as expression of inflammatory cytokines, migration, phagocytosis, macrophage polarization, autophagy-related proteins, and Akt1 phosphorylation, were detected. The results showed that pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, migration, and phagocytosis were increased, with macrophage polarization to the M1 phenotype at 24 h of OTA exposure. Surprisedly, anti-inflammatory cytokine expression was increased, cell phagocytosis and migration were decreased, and macrophage polarization was switched from M1 to M2 at 72 h of OTA exposure. Furthermore, we found that long-time exposure of OTA also suppressed autophagy, and the autophagy activator blocked the OTA-induced immunosuppression. Phosphorylation of Akt1 plays a positive role in autophagy inhibition. In conclusion, long-time instead of short-time exposure of OTA in vitro induced immunosuppression. The immunosuppression mechanism of OTA in vitro involved inhibition of autophagy through upregulating p-Akt1. Our results provide new insight into research on the mechanism of mycotoxin-induced immunosuppression in vitro.
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Wu Y, Tang L, Wang B, Sun Q, Zhao P, Li W. The role of autophagy in maintaining intestinal mucosal barrier. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:19406-19419. [PMID: 31020664 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal mucosal barrier is the first line to defense against luminal content penetration and performs numerous biological functions. The intestinal epithelium contains a huge surface that is lined by a monolayer of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). IECs are dominant mediators in maintaining intestinal homeostasis that drive diverse functions including nutrient absorption, physical segregation, secretion of antibacterial peptides, and modulation of immune responses. Autophagy is a cellular self-protection mechanism in response to various stresses, and accumulating studies have revealed its importance in participating physiological processes of IECs. The regulatory effects of autophagy depend on the specific IEC types. This review aims to elucidate the myriad roles of autophagy in regulating the functions of different IECs (stem cells, enterocytes, goblet cells, and Paneth cells), and present the progress of autophagy-targeting therapy in intestinal diseases. Understanding the involved mechanisms can provide new preventive and therapeutic strategies for gastrointestinal dysfunction and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baikui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiming Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengwei Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Wu Y, Xu H, Cao X, Liu R, Tang L, Zeng Z, Li W. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Ameliorates H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Damage by Regulating Transporters, Tight Junctions, and Apoptosis Gene Expression in Cell Line IPEC-1. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2019; 12:649-656. [PMID: 30891680 PMCID: PMC7306035 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09538-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics have always been considered as a supplementary therapy for many diseases especially gut disorders. The absorption and barrier function of the gut play a vital role in the maintenance of body homeostasis. This study was to investigate the protective effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 (Ba) on H2O2-induced oxidative stress on intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-1) based on the level of gene expression. We demonstrated that Ba was a safe probiotic strain in the first place. Results showed that treatment with H2O2 significantly increased the mRNA expression of absorptive transporters glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), Ala/Ser/Cys/Thr transporter 1 (ASCT1), and ASCT2 compared with the control group. Meanwhile, oxidative stress induced a significant improvement in the mRNA expression of occludin (OCLN) and caspase-3, and remarkably inhibited the expression of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) or B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), respectively. Pretreatment with Ba dramatically reversed the disturbance induced by oxidative stress on the mRNA expression of ASCT1, ASCT2, and OCLN, which also significantly prevented H2O2-inhibited LAT1 and Bcl-2 mRNA expression. However, Ba failed to exert any significant protective effect on GLUT2 and caspase-3 mRNA expression. We concluded that pretreatment with Ba could alleviate the damage caused by oxidative stress to a certain extent and conferred a protective effect to the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Han Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xuefang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Li Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhonghua Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Xu H, Mei X, Gong L, Wang B, Li W, Jiang S. Direct-fed glucose oxidase and its combination with B. amyloliquefaciens SC06 on growth performance, meat quality, intestinal barrier, antioxidative status, and immunity of yellow-feathered broilers. Poult Sci 2018; 97:3540-3549. [PMID: 30085304 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment investigated the effects of dietary glucose oxidase (GOD) and its combination with B. amyloliquefaciens SC06 (BaSC06) on the growth performance, meat quality, intestinal physical barrier, antioxidative status and immunity of male Lingnan yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 720 1-d-old broilers were assigned into 4 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment (30 birds per replicate): (1) basal diet (Ctr), (2) basal diet with 200 mg/kg enramycin (ER), (3) basal diet with 75 U/kg GOD, and (4) GOD diet (75U/kg) supplemented with 1 × 105 colony-forming units BaSC06/kg feed (GB), for an experimental duration of 52 d. The results showed that there were no significant effects of GOD or GB on growth performance of birds. The shear force and drip loss of breast muscle of birds fed GOD and GB were less than those fed ER, while the shear force in GB significantly decreased compared to Ctr. Also, both GOD and GB treatment increased about 1-fold expression of ZO-1, Claudin-1, Occludin, and MUC-2 genes in jejunal mucosa compared to Ctr, no difference was found between GOD and GB. Compared to Ctr, serum total antioxidant capability and glutathione peroxidase in GOD and GB increased, while the malondialdehyde level and xanthine oxidase activity significantly decreased. Both GOD and GB treatments reduced the relative level of HO-1, p53, and BAX transcripts in liver. It is worth noting that GB decreased transcription of p53 and Bcl-2 by 76.11% and 50.19% compared to GOD, respectively. In addition, compared to Ctr, GOD and GB markedly increased serum IL-2 content by 110% and 182%, while decreased IFN-γ by 43.57% and 57.51%, respectively. The highest sIgA level in GB was found among four groups. In conclusion, dietary treatment with GOD and its combination with BaSC06 both had beneficial effects on shear force and drip loss, expression of intestinal tight junctions, antioxidative capacity and immune function. It is suggested that GB had better effect than GOD on anti-apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Han Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li Gong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Baikui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shouqun Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Talebi S, Makhdoumi A, Bahreini M, Matin M, Moradi H. Three novelBacillusstrains from a traditional lacto-fermented pickle as potential probiotics. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:888-896. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Talebi
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
| | - A. Makhdoumi
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
| | - M. Bahreini
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
| | - M.M. Matin
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
- Cell and Molecular Biotechnology Research Group; Institute of Biotechnology; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
| | - H.S. Moradi
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
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Tanshinone IIA Sodium Sulfonate Attenuates LPS-Induced Intestinal Injury in Mice. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2018; 2018:9867150. [PMID: 29706995 PMCID: PMC5863351 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9867150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tanshinone IIA sodium sulfonate (TSS) is known to possess anti-inflammatory effects and has exhibited protective effects in various inflammatory conditions; however, its role in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced intestinal injury is still unknown. Objective The present study is designed to explore the role and possible mechanism of TSS in LPS-induced intestinal injury. Methods Male C57BL/6J mice, challenged with intraperitoneal LPS injection, were treated with or without TSS 0.5 h prior to LPS exposure. At 1, 6, and 12 h after LPS injection, mice were sacrificed, and the small intestine was excised. The intestinal tissue injury was analyzed by HE staining. Inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in the intestinal tissue were examined by ELISA and RT-PCR. In addition, expressions of autophagy markers (microtubule-associated light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin-1) were detected by western blot and RT-PCR. A number of autophagosomes were also observed under electron microscopy. Results TSS treatment significantly attenuated small intestinal epithelium injury induced by LPS. LPS-induced release of inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, were markedly inhibited by TSS. Furthermore, TSS treatment could effectively upregulate LPS-induced decrease of autophagy levels, as evidenced by the increased expression of LC3 and Beclin-1, and more autophagosomes. Conclusion The protective effect of TSS on LPS-induced small intestinal injury may be attributed to the inhibition of inflammatory factors and promotion of autophagy levels. The present study may provide novel insight into the molecular mechanisms of TSS on the treatment of intestinal injury.
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Zhang W, Zhu YH, Yang GY, Liu X, Xia B, Hu X, Su JH, Wang JF. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Affects Microbiota and Suppresses Autophagy in the Intestines of Pigs Challenged with Salmonella Infantis. Front Microbiol 2018; 8:2705. [PMID: 29403451 PMCID: PMC5785727 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis (S. Infantis) is a common source of foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide. Here, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) was administrated to weaned piglets for 1 week before S. Infantis challenge. S. Infantis caused decreased ileal mucosal microbiota diversity, a dramatic Lactobacillus amylovorus bloom, and decreased abundance of Arsenicicoccus, Janibacter, Kocuria, Nocardioides, Devosia, Paracoccus, Psychrobacter, and Weissella. The beneficial effect of LGG correlated with the moderate expansion of L. amylovorus, L. agilis, and several members of the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. S. Infantis translocation to the liver was decreased in the LGG-pretreated piglets. An in vitro model of LGG and S. Infantis co-incubation (involving the porcine intestinal epithelial cell line IPEC-J2) was established, and nalidixic acid was used to kill the extracellular S. Infantis. LGG suppressed the initial S. Infantis invasion in the IPEC-J2 cells and deceased the rate of cell death. LGG inhibited S. Infantis-induced autophagy and promoted epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Akt phosphorylation in both the ileum and IPEC-J2 cells. Our findings suggest that LGG inhibited S. Infantis-induced autophagy by promoting EGFR-mediated activation of the negative mediator Akt, which, in turn, suppressed intestinal epithelial cell death and thus restricted systemic S. Infantis infection. LGG can restore the gut microbiota balance and preserve the autophagy-related intestinal epithelial barrier, thereby controlling infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao-Hong Zhu
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Yan Yang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Xia
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Hu
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Hui Su
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiu-Feng Wang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Bah A, Vergne I. Macrophage Autophagy and Bacterial Infections. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1483. [PMID: 29163544 PMCID: PMC5681717 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a well-conserved lysosomal degradation pathway that plays key roles in bacterial infections. One of the most studied is probably xenophagy, the selective capture and degradation of intracellular bacteria by lysosomes. However, the impact of autophagy goes beyond xenophagy and involves intensive cross-talks with other host defense mechanisms. In addition, autophagy machinery can have non-canonical functions such as LC3-associated phagocytosis. In this review, we intend to summarize the current knowledge on the many functions of autophagy proteins in cell defenses with a focus on bacteria–macrophage interaction. We also present the strategies developed by pathogens to evade or to exploit this machinery in order to establish a successful infection. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of autophagy manipulation in improving therapeutics and vaccines against bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aïcha Bah
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, UMR 5089 CNRS-Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Vergne
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, UMR 5089 CNRS-Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Liu Q, Ni X, Wang Q, Peng Z, Niu L, Wang H, Zhou Y, Sun H, Pan K, Jing B, Zeng D. Lactobacillus plantarum BSGP201683 Isolated from Giant Panda Feces Attenuated Inflammation and Improved Gut Microflora in Mice Challenged with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1885. [PMID: 29018435 PMCID: PMC5623042 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we searched for an effective probiotic that can help control intestinal infection, particularly enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 (ETEC) invasion, in giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). As a potential probiotic strain, Lactobacillus plantarum BSGP201683 (L. plantarum G83) was isolated from the feces of giant panda and proven beneficial in vitro. This study was aimed to evaluate the protective effect of L. plantarum G83 in mice challenged with ETEC. The mice were orally administered with 0.2 mL of PBS containing L. plantarum G83 at 0 colony-forming units (cfu) mL−1 (control; negative control, ETEC group), 5.0 × 108 cfu mL−1 (LDLP), 5.0 × 109 cfu mL−1 (MDLP), and 5.0 × 1010 cfu mL−1 (HDLP) for 14 consecutive days. At day 15, the mice (LDLP, MDLP, HDLP, and ETEC groups) were challenged with ETEC and assessed at 0, 24, and 144 h. Animal health status; chemical and biological intestinal barriers; and body weight were measured. Results showed that L. plantarum G83 supplementation protected the mouse gut mainly by attenuating inflammation and improving the gut microflora. Most indices significantly changed at 24 h after challenge compared to those at 0 and 144 h. All treatment groups showed inhibited plasma diamine oxidase activity and D-lactate concentration. Tight-junction protein expression was down-regulated, and interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TLR4, and MyD88 levels were up-regulated in the jejunum in the LDLP and MDLP groups. The number of the Enterobacteriaceae family and the heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) gene decreased (P < 0.05) in the colons in the LDLP and MDLP groups. All data indicated that L. plantarum G83 could attenuate acute intestinal inflammation caused by ETEC infection, and the low and intermediate doses were superior to the high dose. These findings suggested that L. plantarum G83 may serve as a protective probiotic for intestinal disease and merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueqin Ni
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Chengdu Wildlife Institute, Chengdu Zoo, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhirong Peng
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lili Niu
- Chengdu Wildlife Institute, Chengdu Zoo, Chengdu, China
| | - Hengsong Wang
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Kangcheng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Jing
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Zeng
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Lai Q, Luo Z, Wu C, Lai S, Wei H, Li T, Wang Q, Yu Y. Attenuation of cyclosporine A induced nephrotoxicity by schisandrin B through suppression of oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 52:15-23. [PMID: 28846887 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a potent immunosuppressive agent whose clinical usage is limited by nephrotoxicity. Schisandrin B (SchB), isolated from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis, is a natural compound with multiple pharmacological activities that has been shown to attenuate organ injury caused by CsA. Hence, the primary objective of the current study was to evaluate whether SchB has a cytoprotective effect on CsA-induced nephrotoxicity in human proximal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2). This study demonstrated that pre-incubation of HK-2 cells with 2.5-10.0μM SchB ameliorated CsA induced cytotoxicity caused by oxidative stress as evidenced by reduced levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and LDH release along with increased levels of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and glutathione (GSH). Also, it was demonstrated that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation was involved in modulating cellular oxidative stress, where SchB promoted Nrf2 translocation into the nucleus and downstream target gene expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and Glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM). Additionally, SchB was found to enhance cell survival via reducing apoptosis rate as well as recover the CsA induced blockade of autophagic flux. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that SchB mediated alleviation of CsA induced nephrotoxicity by preventing the accumulation of ROS by way of suppressing oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Lai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Zhengzhong Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Chunying Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Sisi Lai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Hanmei Wei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Tongming Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
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