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Hassan S, Mushtaq M, Ganiee SA, Zaman M, Yaseen A, Shah AJ, Ganai BA. Microbial oases in the ice: A state-of-the-art review on cryoconite holes as diversity hotspots and their scientific connotations. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118963. [PMID: 38640991 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Cryoconite holes, small meltwater pools on the surface of glaciers and ice sheets, represent extremely cold ecosystems teeming with diverse microbial life. Cryoconite holes exhibit greater susceptibility to the impacts of climate change, underlining the imperative nature of investigating microbial communities as an essential module of polar and alpine ecosystem monitoring efforts. Microbes in cryoconite holes play a critical role in nutrient cycling and can produce bioactive compounds, holding promise for industrial and pharmaceutical innovation. Understanding microbial diversity in these delicate ecosystems is essential for effective conservation strategies. Therefore, this review discusses the microbial diversity in these extreme environments, aiming to unveil the complexity of their microbial communities. The current study envisages that cryoconite holes as distinctive ecosystems encompass a multitude of taxonomically diverse and functionally adaptable microorganisms that exhibit a rich microbial diversity and possess intricate ecological functions. By investigating microbial diversity and ecological functions of cryoconite holes, this study aims to contribute valuable insights into the broader field of environmental microbiology and enhance further understanding of these ecosystems. This review seeks to provide a holistic overview regarding the formation, evolution, characterization, and molecular adaptations of cryoconite holes. Furthermore, future research directions and challenges underlining the need for long-term monitoring, and ethical considerations in preserving these pristine environments are also provided. Addressing these challenges and resolutely pursuing future research directions promises to enrich our comprehension of microbial diversity within cryoconite holes, revealing the broader ecological and biogeochemical implications. The inferences derived from the present study will provide researchers, ecologists, and policymakers with a profound understanding of the significance and utility of cryoconite holes in unveiling the microbial diversity and its potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnawaz Hassan
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India.
| | - Misba Mushtaq
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Shahid Ahmad Ganiee
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Muzafar Zaman
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Aarif Yaseen
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Abdul Jalil Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Bashir Ahmad Ganai
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India.
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2
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Putzeys L, Wicke L, Brandão A, Boon M, Pires DP, Azeredo J, Vogel J, Lavigne R, Gerovac M. Exploring the transcriptional landscape of phage-host interactions using novel high-throughput approaches. Curr Opin Microbiol 2024; 77:102419. [PMID: 38271748 PMCID: PMC10884466 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2023.102419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
In the last decade, powerful high-throughput sequencing approaches have emerged to analyse microbial transcriptomes at a global scale. However, to date, applications of these approaches to microbial viruses such as phages remain scarce. Tailoring these techniques to virus-infected bacteria promises to obtain a detailed picture of the underexplored RNA biology and molecular processes during infection. In addition, transcriptome study of stress and perturbations induced by phages in their infected bacterial hosts is likely to reveal new fundamental mechanisms of bacterial metabolism and gene regulation. Here, we provide references and blueprints to implement emerging transcriptomic approaches towards addressing transcriptome architecture, RNA-RNA and RNA-protein interactions, RNA modifications, structures and heterogeneity of transcription profiles in infected cells that will provide guides for future directions in phage-centric therapeutic applications and microbial synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Putzeys
- Department of Biosystems, Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Wicke
- Department of Biosystems, Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Institute for Molecular Infection Biology (IMIB), Medical Faculty, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ana Brandão
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Maarten Boon
- Department of Biosystems, Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diana P Pires
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Azeredo
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Jörg Vogel
- Institute for Molecular Infection Biology (IMIB), Medical Faculty, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rob Lavigne
- Department of Biosystems, Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Milan Gerovac
- Institute for Molecular Infection Biology (IMIB), Medical Faculty, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany.
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3
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Zhang H, Zhang H, Du H, Yu X, Xu Y. The insights into the phage communities of fermented foods in the age of viral metagenomics. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38214674 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2299323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Phages play a critical role in the assembly and regulation of fermented food microbiome through lysis and lysogenic lifestyle, which in turn affects the yield and quality of fermented foods. Therefore, it is important to investigate and characterize the diversity and function of phages under complex microbial communities and nutrient substrate conditions to provide novel insights into the regulation of traditional spontaneous fermentation. Viral metagenomics has gradually garnered increasing attention in fermented food research to elucidate phage functions and characterize the interactions between phages and the microbial community. Advances in this technology have uncovered a wide range of phages associated with the production of traditional fermented foods and beverages. This paper reviews the common methods of viral metagenomics applied in fermented food research, and summarizes the ecological functions of phages in traditional fermented foods. In the future, combining viral metagenomics with culturable methods and metagenomics will broaden the scope of research on fermented food systems, revealing the complex role of phages and intricate phage-bacterium interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huadong Zhang
- Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Hai Du
- Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaowei Yu
- Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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4
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Nazli A, Qiu J, Tang Z, He Y. Recent Advances and Techniques for Identifying Novel Antibacterial Targets. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:464-501. [PMID: 36734893 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230123143458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, the development of new antibiotics is urgently required. Target-based drug discovery is the most frequently employed approach for the drug development process. However, traditional drug target identification techniques are costly and time-consuming. As research continues, innovative approaches for antibacterial target identification have been developed which enabled us to discover drug targets more easily and quickly. METHODS In this review, methods for finding drug targets from omics databases have been discussed in detail including principles, procedures, advantages, and potential limitations. The role of phage-driven and bacterial cytological profiling approaches is also discussed. Moreover, current article demonstrates the advancements being made in the establishment of computational tools, machine learning algorithms, and databases for antibacterial target identification. RESULTS Bacterial drug targets successfully identified by employing these aforementioned techniques are described as well. CONCLUSION The goal of this review is to attract the interest of synthetic chemists, biologists, and computational researchers to discuss and improve these methods for easier and quicker development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adila Nazli
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Qiu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266 Fangzheng Avenue, Chongqing, 400714, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Tang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266 Fangzheng Avenue, Chongqing, 400714, P. R. China
| | - Yun He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
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5
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Parmar K, Komarow L, Ellison DW, Filippov AA, Nikolich MP, Fackler JR, Lee M, Nair A, Agrawal P, Tamma PD, Souli M, Evans SR, Greenwood-Quaintance KE, Cunningham SA, Patel R. Interlaboratory comparison of Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage susceptibility testing. J Clin Microbiol 2023; 61:e0061423. [PMID: 37962552 PMCID: PMC10729752 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00614-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Standardized approaches to phage susceptibility testing (PST) are essential to inform selection of phages for study in patients with bacterial infections. There is no reference standard for assessing bacterial susceptibility to phage. We compared agreement between PST performed at three centers: two centers using a liquid assay standardized between the sites with the third, a plaque assay. Four Pseudomonas aeruginosa phages: PaWRA01ø11 (EPa11), PaWRA01ø39 (EPa39), PaWRA02ø83 (EPa83), PaWRA02ø87 (EPa87), and a cocktail of all four phages were tested against 145 P. aeruginosa isolates. Comparisons were made within measurements at the two sites performing the liquid assay and between these two sites. Agreement was assessed based on coverage probability (CP8), total deviation index, concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), measurement accuracy, and precision. For the liquid assay, there was satisfactory agreement among triplicate measurements made on different days at site 1, and high agreement based on accuracy and precision between duplicate measurements made on the same run at site 2. There was fair accuracy between measurements of the two sites performing the liquid assay, with CCCs below 0.6 for all phages tested. When compared to the plaque assay (performed once at site 3), there was less agreement between results of the liquid and plaque assays than between the two sites performing the liquid assay. Similar findings to the larger group were noted in the subset of 46 P. aeruginosa isolates from cystic fibrosis. Results of this study suggest that reproducibility of PST methods needs further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krupa Parmar
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lauren Komarow
- Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Damon W. Ellison
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrey A. Filippov
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Mikeljon P. Nikolich
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Martin Lee
- Adaptive Phage Therapeutics Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Anjna Nair
- Adaptive Phage Therapeutics Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Priyesh Agrawal
- Adaptive Phage Therapeutics Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Pranita D. Tamma
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Maria Souli
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Scott R. Evans
- Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Kerryl E. Greenwood-Quaintance
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Scott A. Cunningham
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - for the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Adaptive Phage Therapeutics Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Kornienko M, Bespiatykh D, Gorodnichev R, Abdraimova N, Shitikov E. Transcriptional Landscapes of Herelleviridae Bacteriophages and Staphylococcus aureus during Phage Infection: An Overview. Viruses 2023; 15:1427. [PMID: 37515114 PMCID: PMC10383478 DOI: 10.3390/v15071427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The issue of antibiotic resistance in healthcare worldwide has led to a pressing need to explore and develop alternative approaches to combat infectious diseases. Among these methods, phage therapy has emerged as a potential solution to tackle this growing challenge. Virulent phages of the Herelleviridae family, known for their ability to cause lysis of Staphylococcus aureus, a clinically significant pathogen frequently associated with multidrug resistance, have proven to be one of the most effective viruses utilized in phage therapy. In order to utilize phages for therapeutic purposes effectively, a thorough investigation into their physiology and mechanisms of action on infected cells is essential. The use of omics technologies, particularly total RNA sequencing, is a promising approach for analyzing the interaction between phages and their hosts, allowing for the assessment of both the behavior of the phage during infection and the cell's response. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the physiology of the Herelleviridae family, utilizing existing analyses of their total phage transcriptomes. Additionally, it sheds light on the changes that occur in the metabolism of S. aureus when infected with virulent bacteriophages, contributing to a deeper understanding of the phage-host interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kornienko
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Dmitry Bespiatykh
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Roman Gorodnichev
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Narina Abdraimova
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Egor Shitikov
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia
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7
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Feng J, Li F, Sun L, Dong L, Gao L, Wang H, Yan L, Wu C. Characterization and genome analysis of phage vB_KpnS_SXFY507 against Klebsiella pneumoniae and efficacy assessment in Galleria mellonella larvae. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1081715. [PMID: 36793879 PMCID: PMC9922705 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1081715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the primary bacterial pathogens that pose a significant threat to global public health because of the lack of available therapeutic options. Phage therapy shows promise as a potential alternative to current antimicrobial chemotherapies. In this study, we isolated a new Siphoviridae phage vB_KpnS_SXFY507 against KPC-producing K. pneumoniae from hospital sewage. It had a short latent period of 20 min and a large burst size of 246 phages/cell. The host range of phage vB_KpnS_SXFY507 was relatively broad. It has a wide range of pH tolerance and high thermal stability. The genome of phage vB_KpnS_SXFY507 was 53,122 bp in length with a G + C content of 49.1%. A total of 81 open-reading frames (ORFs) and no virulence or antibiotic resistance related genes were involved in the phage vB_KpnS_SXFY507 genome. Phage vB_KpnS_SXFY507 showed significant antibacterial activity in vitro. The survival rate of Galleria mellonella larvae inoculated with K. pneumoniae SXFY507 was 20%. The survival rate of K. pneumonia-infected G. mellonella larvae was increased from 20 to 60% within 72 h upon treatment with phage vB_KpnS_SXFY507. In conclusion, these findings indicate that phage vB_KpnS_SXFY507 has the potential to be used as an antimicrobial agent for the control of K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Feng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education of China, The Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Cell Biology of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China,*Correspondence: Jiao Feng, ✉
| | - Fei Li
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, China,College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Li Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education of China, The Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Cell Biology of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lina Dong
- Core Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital (Fifth Hospital) of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Liting Gao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education of China, The Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Cell Biology of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Han Wang
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, China
| | - Liyong Yan
- Hospital Office, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, China,Liyong Yan, ✉
| | - Changxin Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education of China, The Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Cell Biology of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China,Changxin Wu, ✉
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8
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Sun M, Chen F. Distribution of rare N4-like viruses in temperate estuaries unveiled by viromics. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:6100-6111. [PMID: 36054739 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The relative abundance of N4-like viruses in two temperate estuaries was assessed using four different methods, read mapping to known N4-like virus isolates, read mapping to native viral contigs, reciprocal blast search based on core genes, and read taxonomy classification using Kaiju. Overall, N4-like viruses were found to be of low abundance in the estuarine viromes. When mapping reads to only known N4-like virus genomes, high occurrences of N4-like viruses infecting Roseobacter were found, with their diversity consisting mostly of locally isolated Roseobacter N4-like virus species. Both contig-based methods and Kaiju classification showed similar seasonal patterns for N4-like viruses, and redundancy analysis revealed a negative correlation between N4-like viruses and temperature, suggesting that N4-like viruses may be more abundant in colder water. The discrepancy of relative abundance estimates using different methods indicates that N4-like viruses are best represented by native viral sequences. Our study indicates that N4-like viruses are rare in the marine environment and also provide insight into the importance of including local viral sequences in reference databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Sun
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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9
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Yuanyuan N, Xiaobo Y, Shang W, Yutong Y, Hongrui Z, Chenyu L, Bin X, Xi Z, Chen Z, Zhiqiang S, Jingfeng W, Yun L, Pingfeng Y, Zhigang Q. Isolation and characterization of two homolog phages infecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:946251. [PMID: 35935197 PMCID: PMC9348578 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.946251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages (phages) are capable of infecting specific bacteria, and therefore can be used as a biological control agent to control bacteria-induced animal, plant, and human diseases. In this study, two homolog phages (named PPAY and PPAT) that infect Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 were isolated and characterized. The results of the phage plaque assay showed that PPAT plaques were transparent dots, while the PPAY plaques were translucent dots with a halo. Transmission electron microscopy results showed that PPAT (65 nm) and PPAY (60 nm) strains are similar in size and have an icosahedral head and a short tail. Therefore, these belong to the short-tailed phage family Podoviridae. One-step growth curves revealed the latent period of 20 min and burst time of 30 min for PPAT and PPAY. The burst size of PPAT (953 PFUs/infected cell) was higher than that of PPAY (457 PFUs/infected cell). Also, the adsorption rate constant of PPAT (5.97 × 10−7 ml/min) was higher than that of PPAY (1.32 × 10−7 ml/min) at 5 min. Whole-genome sequencing of phages was carried out using the Illumina HiSeq platform. The genomes of PPAT and PPAY have 54,888 and 50,154 bp, respectively. Only 17 of the 352 predicted ORFs of PPAT could be matched to homologous genes of known function. Likewise, among the 351 predicted ORFs of PPAY, only 18 ORFs could be matched to genes of established functions. Homology and evolutionary analysis indicated that PPAT and PPAY are closely related to PA11. The presence of tail fiber proteins in PPAY but not in PPAT may have contributed to the halo effect of its plaque spots. In all, PPAT and PPAY, newly discovered P. aeruginosa phages, showed growth inhibitory effects on bacteria and can be used for research and clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niu Yuanyuan
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, TianJin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Xiaobo
- Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, TianJin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wang Shang
- Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, TianJin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Yutong
- Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, TianJin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhou Hongrui
- Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, TianJin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Chenyu
- Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, TianJin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Bin
- Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, TianJin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhang Xi
- Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, TianJin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, TianJin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shen Zhiqiang
- Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, TianJin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wang Jingfeng
- Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, TianJin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Yun
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Yun,
| | - Yu Pingfeng
- College of Environment and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiu Zhigang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment and Food Safety, TianJin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Qiu Zhigang,
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10
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Hegarty B, Dai Z, Raskin L, Pinto A, Wigginton K, Duhaime M. A snapshot of the global drinking water virome: Diversity and metabolic potential vary with residual disinfectant use. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 218:118484. [PMID: 35504157 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Viruses are important drivers of microbial community ecology and evolution, influencing microbial mortality, metabolism, and horizontal gene transfer. However, the effects of viruses remain largely unknown in many environments, including in drinking water systems. Drinking water metagenomic studies have offered a whole community perspective of bacterial impacts on water quality, but have not yet considered the influences of viruses. In this study, we address this gap by mining viral DNA sequences from publicly available drinking water metagenomes from distribution systems in six countries around the world. These datasets provide a snapshot of the taxonomic diversity and metabolic potential of the global drinking water virome; and provide an opportunity to investigate the effects of geography, climate, and drinking water treatment practices on viral diversity. Both environmental conditions and differences in sample processing were found to influence the viral composition. Using free chlorine as the residual disinfectant was associated with clear differences in viral taxonomic diversity and metabolic potential, with significantly fewer viral populations and less even viral community structures than observed in distribution systems without residual disinfectant. Additionally, drinking water viruses carry antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), as well as genes to survive oxidative stress and nitrogen limitation. Through this study, we have demonstrated that viral communities are diverse across drinking water systems and vary with the use of residual disinfectant. Our findings offer directions for future research to develop a more robust understanding of how virus-bacteria interactions in drinking water distribution systems affect water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Hegarty
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Building, University of Michigan, 1351 Beal Ave. 181, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125, USA
| | - Zihan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lutgarde Raskin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Building, University of Michigan, 1351 Beal Ave. 181, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125, USA
| | - Ameet Pinto
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia
| | - Krista Wigginton
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Building, University of Michigan, 1351 Beal Ave. 181, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125, USA.
| | - Melissa Duhaime
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 1105N University Ave., 4068 Biological Sciences Building, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1085, USA.
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11
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Cao J, Li X, Chen L, He M, Lan H. The Developmental Delay of Seedlings With Cotyledons Only Confers Stress Tolerance to Suaeda aralocaspica (Chenopodiaceae) by Unique Performance on Morphology, Physiology, and Gene Expression. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:844430. [PMID: 35734249 PMCID: PMC9208309 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.844430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cotyledons play an important role in seedling establishment, although they may just exist for a short time and become senescent upon the emergence of euphylla. So far, the detailed function of cotyledons has not been well understood. Suaeda aralocaspica is an annual halophyte distributed in cold deserts; its cotyledons could exist for a longer time, even last until maturity, and they must exert a unique function in seedling development. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a series of experiments to investigate the morphological and physiological performances of cotyledons under salt stress at different developmental stages. The results showed that the cotyledons kept growing slowly to maintain the normal physiological activities of seedlings by balancing phytohormone levels, accumulating osmoprotectants and antioxidants, and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Salt stress activated the expression of osmoprotectant-related genes and enhanced the accumulation of related primary metabolites. Furthermore, differentially expressed transcriptional profiles of the cotyledons were also analyzed by cDNA-AFLP to gain an understanding of cotyledons in response to development and salt stress, and the results revealed a progressive increase in the expression level of development-related genes, which accounted for a majority of the total tested TDFs. Meanwhile, key photosynthetic and important salt stress-related genes also actively responded. All these performances suggest that "big cotyledons" are experiencing a delayed but active developmental process, by which S. aralocaspica may survive the harsh condition of the seedling stage.
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12
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Das S, Bombaywala S, Srivastava S, Kapley A, Dhodapkar R, Dafale NA. Genome plasticity as a paradigm of antibiotic resistance spread in ESKAPE pathogens. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:40507-40519. [PMID: 35349073 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19840-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The major reason behind the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is persistent selective pressure in the environment encountered by bacteria. Genome plasticity plays a crucial role in dissemination of antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens. Mobile genetic elements harboring ARGs are reported to dodge bacterial immune system and mediate horizontal gene transfer (HGT) under selective pressure. Residual antibiotic pollutants develop selective pressures that force the bacteria to lose their defense mechanisms (CRISPR-cas) and acquire resistance. The present study targets the ESKAPE organisms (namely, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp.) causing various nosocomial infections and emerging multidrug-resistant species. The role of CRISPR-cas systems in inhibition of HGT in prokaryotes and its loss due to presence of various stressors in the environment is also focused in the study. IncF and IncH plasmids were identified in all strains of E. faecalis and K. pneumoniae, carrying Beta-lactam and fluoroquinolone resistance genes, whereas sal3, phiCTX, and SEN34 prophages harbored aminoglycoside resistance genes (aadA, aac). Various MGEs present in selected environmental niches that aid the bacterial genome plasticity and transfer of ARGs contributing to its spread are also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchita Das
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 4400 20, India
| | - Sakina Bombaywala
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 4400 20, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 2010 20, India
| | - Shweta Srivastava
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 4400 20, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 2010 20, India
| | - Atya Kapley
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 4400 20, India
| | - Rita Dhodapkar
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 4400 20, India
| | - Nishant A Dafale
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 4400 20, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 2010 20, India.
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13
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A Phage Foundry Framework to Systematically Develop Viral Countermeasures to Combat Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Pathogens. iScience 2022; 25:104121. [PMID: 35402883 PMCID: PMC8983348 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
At its current rate, the rise of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) infections is predicted to paralyze our industries and healthcare facilities while becoming the leading global cause of loss of human life. With limited new antibiotics on the horizon, we need to invest in alternative solutions. Bacteriophages (phages)—viruses targeting bacteria—offer a powerful alternative approach to tackle bacterial infections. Despite recent advances in using phages to treat recalcitrant AMR infections, the field lacks systematic development of phage therapies scalable to different applications. We propose a Phage Foundry framework to establish metrics for phage characterization and to fill the knowledge and technological gaps in phage therapeutics. Coordinated investment in AMR surveillance, sampling, characterization, and data sharing procedures will enable rational exploitation of phages for treatments. A fully realized Phage Foundry will enhance the sharing of knowledge, technology, and viral reagents in an equitable manner and will accelerate the biobased economy.
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14
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Transkingdom Analysis of the Female Reproductive Tract Reveals Bacteriophages form Communities. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020430. [PMID: 35216023 PMCID: PMC8878565 DOI: 10.3390/v14020430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The female reproductive tract (FRT) microbiome plays a vital role in maintaining vaginal health. Viruses are key regulators of other microbial ecosystems, but little is known about how the FRT viruses (virome), particularly bacteriophages that comprise the phageome, impact FRT health and dysbiosis. We hypothesize that bacterial vaginosis (BV) is associated with altered FRT phageome diversity, transkingdom interplay, and bacteriophage discriminate taxa. Here, we conducted a retrospective, longitudinal analysis of vaginal swabs collected from 54 BV-positive and 46 BV-negative South African women. Bacteriome analysis revealed samples clustered into five distinct bacterial community groups (CGs), and further, bacterial alpha diversity was significantly associated with BV. Virome analysis on a subset of baseline samples showed FRT bacteriophages clustering into novel viral state types (VSTs), a viral community clustering system based on virome composition and abundance. Distinct BV bacteriophage signatures included increased alpha diversity along with discriminant Bacillus, Burkholderia, and Escherichia bacteriophages. Bacteriophage-bacteria transkingdom associations were also identified between Bacillus and Burkholderia viruses and BV-associated bacteria, providing key insights for future studies elucidating the transkingdom interactions driving BV-associated microbiome perturbations. In this cohort, bacteriophage-bacterial associations suggest complex interactions, which may play a role in the establishment and maintenance of BV.
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15
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Madere FS, Monaco CL. The female reproductive tract virome: understanding the dynamic role of viruses in gynecological health and disease. Curr Opin Virol 2022; 52:15-23. [PMID: 34800892 PMCID: PMC8844092 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The human body is inhabited by a large and complex network of commensal and predatory eukaryotic viruses and bacteriophages collectively termed the virome. Despite being the most abundant and genetically diverse biological entities on the planet, the impact of viruses on human health especially within the female reproductive tract (FRT) remains understudied. To better appreciate current knowledge regarding the dynamic role of viruses in FRT health and disease, in this review we highlight the known constituents of the FRT virome, transkingdom interactions within the FRT and their influence on gynecological disease. A better understanding of the FRT virome may pave the way toward improved outcomes in gynecological, reproductive, and neonatal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferralita S. Madere
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Cynthia L. Monaco
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, USA
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16
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Abstract
Lactococcus lactis strains residing in the microbial community of a complex dairy starter culture named “Ur” are hosts to prophages belonging to the family Siphoviridae. L. lactis strains (TIFN1 to TIFN7) showed detectable spontaneous phage production and release (109 to 1010 phage particles/ml) and up to 10-fold increases upon prophage induction, while in both cases we observed no obvious cell lysis typically described for the lytic life cycle of Siphoviridae phages. Intrigued by this phenomenon, we investigated the host-phage interaction using strain TIFN1 (harboring prophage proPhi1) as a representative. We confirmed that during the massive phage release, all bacterial cells remain viable. Further, by monitoring phage replication in vivo, using a green fluorescence protein reporter combined with flow cytometry, we demonstrated that the majority of the bacterial population (over 80%) is actively producing phage particles when induced with mitomycin C. The released tailless phage particles were found to be engulfed in lipid membranes, as evidenced by electron microscopy and lipid staining combined with chemical lipid analysis. Based on the collective observations, we propose a model of phage-host interaction in L. lactis TIFN1 where the phage particles are engulfed in membranes upon release, thereby leaving the producing host intact. Moreover, we discuss possible mechanisms of chronic, or nonlytic, release of LAB Siphoviridae phages and its impact on the bacterial host. IMPORTANCE In complex microbial consortia such as fermentation starters, bacteriophages can alter the dynamics and diversity of microbial communities. Bacteriophages infecting Lactococcus lactis are mostly studied for their detrimental impact on industrial dairy fermentation processes. In this study, we describe a novel form of phage-bacterium interaction in an L. lactis strain isolated from a complex dairy starter culture: when the prophages harbored in the L. lactis genome are activated, the phage particles are engulfed in lipid membranes upon release, leaving the producing host intact. Findings from this study provide additional insights into the diverse manners of phage-bacterium interactions and coevolution, which are essential for understanding the population dynamics in complex microbial communities like fermentation starters.
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17
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Islam MR, Martinez-Soto CE, Lin JT, Khursigara CM, Barbut S, Anany H. A systematic review from basics to omics on bacteriophage applications in poultry production and processing. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-33. [PMID: 34609270 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1984200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The growing human population is currently facing an unprecedented challenge on global food production and sustainability. Despite recognizing poultry as one of the most successful and rapidly growing food industries to address this challenge; poultry health and safety remain major issues that entail immediate attention. Bacterial diseases including colibacillosis, salmonellosis, and necrotic enteritis have become increasingly prevalent during poultry production. Likewise, outbreaks caused by consumption of undercooked poultry products contaminated with zoonotic bacterial pathogens such as Salmonella, Campylobacter and Listeria, are a serious public health concern. With antimicrobial resistance problem and restricted use of antibiotics in food producing animals, bacteriophages are increasingly recognized as an attractive natural antibacterial alternative. Bacteriophages have recently shown promising results to treat diseases in poultry, reduce contamination of carcasses, and enhance the safety of poultry products. Omics technologies have been successfully employed to accurately characterize bacteriophages and their genes/proteins important for interaction with bacterial hosts. In this review, the potential of using lytic bacteriophages to mitigate the risk of major poultry-associated bacterial pathogens are explored. This study also explores challenges associated with the adoption of this technology by industries. Furthermore, the impact of omics approaches on studying bacteriophages, their host interaction and applications is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rashedul Islam
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carlos E Martinez-Soto
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Janet T Lin
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cezar M Khursigara
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shai Barbut
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hany Anany
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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18
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Correa AMS, Howard-Varona C, Coy SR, Buchan A, Sullivan MB, Weitz JS. Revisiting the rules of life for viruses of microorganisms. Nat Rev Microbiol 2021; 19:501-513. [PMID: 33762712 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-021-00530-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Viruses that infect microbial hosts have traditionally been studied in laboratory settings with a focus on either obligate lysis or persistent lysogeny. In the environment, these infection archetypes are part of a continuum that spans antagonistic to beneficial modes. In this Review, we advance a framework to accommodate the context-dependent nature of virus-microorganism interactions in ecological communities by synthesizing knowledge from decades of virology research, eco-evolutionary theory and recent technological advances. We discuss that nuanced outcomes, rather than the extremes of the continuum, are particularly likely in natural communities given variability in abiotic factors, the availability of suboptimal hosts and the relevance of multitrophic partnerships. We revisit the 'rules of life' in terms of how long-term infections shape the fate of viruses and microbial cells, populations and ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Samantha R Coy
- BioSciences Department, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alison Buchan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
| | - Matthew B Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. .,Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Joshua S Weitz
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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19
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Kim SG, Roh E, Park J, Giri SS, Kwon J, Kim SW, Kang JW, Lee SB, Jung WJ, Lee YM, Cho K, Park SC. The Bacteriophage pEp_SNUABM_08 Is a Novel Singleton Siphovirus with High Host Specificity for Erwinia pyrifoliae. Viruses 2021; 13:1231. [PMID: 34202208 PMCID: PMC8310351 DOI: 10.3390/v13071231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Species belonging to the genus Erwinia are predominantly plant pathogens. A number of bacteriophages capable of infecting Erwinia have been used for the control of plant diseases such as fire blight. Public repositories provide the complete genome information for such phages, which includes genomes ranging from 30 kb to 350 kb in size. However, limited information is available regarding bacteriophages belonging to the family Siphoviridae. A novel lytic siphophage, pEp_SNUABM_08, which specifically infects Erwinia pyrifoliae, was isolated from the soil of an affected apple orchard in South Korea. A comprehensive genome analysis was performed using the Erwinia-infecting siphophage. The whole genome of pEp_SNUABM_08 comprised 62,784 bp (GC content, 57.24%) with 79 open reading frames. The genomic characteristics confirmed that pEp_SNUABM_08 is a singleton lytic bacteriophage belonging to the family Siphoviridae, and no closely related phages have been reported thus far. Our study not only characterized a unique phage, but also provides insight into the genetic diversity of Erwinia bacteriophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Guen Kim
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.G.K.); (S.S.G.); (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (J.W.K.); (S.B.L.); (W.J.J.); (Y.M.L.); (K.C.)
| | - Eunjung Roh
- Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agriculture Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea; (E.R.); (J.P.)
| | - Jungkum Park
- Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agriculture Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea; (E.R.); (J.P.)
| | - Sib Sankar Giri
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.G.K.); (S.S.G.); (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (J.W.K.); (S.B.L.); (W.J.J.); (Y.M.L.); (K.C.)
| | - Jun Kwon
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.G.K.); (S.S.G.); (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (J.W.K.); (S.B.L.); (W.J.J.); (Y.M.L.); (K.C.)
| | - Sang Wha Kim
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.G.K.); (S.S.G.); (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (J.W.K.); (S.B.L.); (W.J.J.); (Y.M.L.); (K.C.)
| | - Jeong Woo Kang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.G.K.); (S.S.G.); (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (J.W.K.); (S.B.L.); (W.J.J.); (Y.M.L.); (K.C.)
| | - Sung Bin Lee
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.G.K.); (S.S.G.); (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (J.W.K.); (S.B.L.); (W.J.J.); (Y.M.L.); (K.C.)
| | - Won Joon Jung
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.G.K.); (S.S.G.); (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (J.W.K.); (S.B.L.); (W.J.J.); (Y.M.L.); (K.C.)
| | - Young Min Lee
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.G.K.); (S.S.G.); (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (J.W.K.); (S.B.L.); (W.J.J.); (Y.M.L.); (K.C.)
| | - Kevin Cho
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.G.K.); (S.S.G.); (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (J.W.K.); (S.B.L.); (W.J.J.); (Y.M.L.); (K.C.)
| | - Se Chang Park
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.G.K.); (S.S.G.); (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (J.W.K.); (S.B.L.); (W.J.J.); (Y.M.L.); (K.C.)
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20
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Phage-based target discovery and its exploitation towards novel antibacterial molecules. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 68:1-7. [PMID: 33007632 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The deeply intertwined evolutionary history between bacteriophages and bacteria has endowed phages with highly specific mechanisms to hijack bacterial cell metabolism for their propagation. Here, we present a comprehensive, phage-driven strategy to reveal novel antibacterial targets by the exploitation of phage-bacteria interactions. This strategy will enable the design of small molecules, which mimic the inhibitory phage proteins, and allow the subsequent hit-to-lead development of these antimicrobial compounds. This proposed small molecule approach is distinct from phage therapy and phage enzyme-based antimicrobials and may produce a more sustainable generation of new antibiotics that exploit novel bacterial targets and act in a pathogen-specific manner.
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21
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Lee YJ, Mun S, Lee YR, Lee S, Kwon S, Kim D, Lim MK, Kang HG, Lee J. A discovery of screening markers for rheumatoid arthritis by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry: A metabolomic approach. Int J Rheum Dis 2020; 23:1353-1362. [PMID: 32845094 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to discover serum metabolite biomarkers for potential use in screening for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS The sera from 43 healthy controls (HCs) and 49 RA patients were globally analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry. Molecular features (MFs) from samples were analyzed using volcano plots, partial least squares discriminant analysis, and variable importance in projection scores to select candidates. The spectra of candidate MFs were matched with the METLIN database. We confirmed the association between candidates and RA and analyzed the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS We selected a total of 57 candidate MFs that had a fold change ≥1.5, P value ≤.05, and over 80% of frequency. Among them, 18 MFs were identified as metabolites with the METLIN database. Six metabolites (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, androsterone sulfate, γ-linolenic acid, 9[E],11[E]-conjugated linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid [22n-3]) out of the 18 were associated with mechanisms of RA and were selected as final candidates. ROC curve analysis revealed their area under the curve (AUC) values were all above 0.75 and the combined AUC of the six candidates was 0.89. CONCLUSION Using six candidates as a marker set showed potential in distinguishing RA patients from HCs, based on high AUC values. Therefore, we propose that a marker set of these six candidates has potential clinical application in RA screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo-Jin Lee
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sora Mun
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - You-Rim Lee
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seungyeon Lee
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sohyen Kwon
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Doojin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Lim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hee-Gyoo Kang
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea.,Seongnam Senior Industry Innovation Center, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jiyeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
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22
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Ushanov L, Lasareishvili B, Janashia I, Zautner AE. Application of Campylobacter jejuni Phages: Challenges and Perspectives. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E279. [PMID: 32054081 PMCID: PMC7070343 DOI: 10.3390/ani10020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages (phages) are the most abundant and diverse biological entities in the biosphere. Due to the rise of multi-drug resistant bacterial strains during the past decade, phages are currently experiencing a renewed interest. Bacteriophages and their derivatives are being actively researched for their potential in the medical and biotechnology fields. Phage applications targeting pathogenic food-borne bacteria are currently being utilized for decontamination and therapy of live farm animals and as a biocontrol measure at the post-harvest level. For this indication, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved several phage products targeting Listeria sp., Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli. Phage-based applications against Campylobacter jejuni could potentially be used in ways similar to those against Salmonella sp. and Listeria sp.; however, only very few Campylobacter phage products have been approved anywhere to date. The research on Campylobacter phages conducted thus far indicates that highly diverse subpopulations of C. jejuni as well as phage isolation and enrichment procedures influence the specificity and efficacy of Campylobacter phages. This review paper emphasizes conclusions from previous findings instrumental in facilitating isolation of Campylobacter phages and improving specificity and efficacy of the isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Ushanov
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia; (L.U.); (B.L.)
| | - Besarion Lasareishvili
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia; (L.U.); (B.L.)
| | - Irakli Janashia
- Institute of Entomology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia;
| | - Andreas E. Zautner
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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23
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Thammatinna K, Egan ME, Htoo HH, Khanna K, Sugie J, Nideffer JF, Villa E, Tassanakajon A, Pogliano J, Nonejuie P, Chaikeeratisak V. A novel vibriophage exhibits inhibitory activity against host protein synthesis machinery. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2347. [PMID: 32047244 PMCID: PMC7012835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59396-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the emergence of deadly pathogens and multidrug-resistant bacteria at an alarmingly increased rate, bacteriophages have been developed as a controlling bioagent to prevent the spread of pathogenic bacteria. One of these pathogens, disease-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VPAHPND) which induces acute hepatopancreatic necrosis, is considered one of the deadliest shrimp pathogens, and has recently become resistant to various classes of antibiotics. Here, we discovered a novel vibriophage that specifically targets the vibrio host, VPAHPND. The vibriophage, designated Seahorse, was classified in the family Siphoviridae because of its icosahedral capsid surrounded by head fibers and a non-contractile long tail. Phage Seahorse was able to infect the host in a broad range of pH and temperatures, and it had a relatively short latent period (nearly 30 minutes) in which it produced progeny at 72 particles per cell at the end of its lytic cycle. Upon phage infection, the host nucleoid condensed and became toroidal, similar to the bacterial DNA morphology seen during tetracycline treatment, suggesting that phage Seahorse hijacked host biosynthesis pathways through protein translation. As phage Seahorse genome encodes 48 open reading frames with many hypothetical proteins, this genome could be a potential untapped resource for the discovery of phage-derived therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khrongkhwan Thammatinna
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - MacKennon E Egan
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Htut Htut Htoo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Kanika Khanna
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Joseph Sugie
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jason F Nideffer
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth Villa
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Joe Pogliano
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Poochit Nonejuie
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Vorrapon Chaikeeratisak
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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24
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Viruses as key reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment. ISME JOURNAL 2019; 13:2856-2867. [PMID: 31358910 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0478-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a rapidly growing health care problem globally and causes many illnesses and deaths. Bacteria can acquire antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) by horizontal transfer mediated by mobile genetic elements, where the role of phages in their dissemination in natural environments has not yet been clearly resolved. From metagenomic studies, we showed that the mean proportion of predicted ARGs found in prophages (0-0.0028%) was lower than those present in the free viruses (0.001-0.1%). Beta-lactamase, from viruses in the swine gut, represented 0.10 % of the predicted genes. Overall, in the environment, the ARG distribution associated with viruses was strongly linked to human activity, and the low dN/dS ratio observed advocated for a negative selection of the ARGs harbored by the viruses. Our network approach showed that viruses were linked to putative pathogens (Enterobacterales and vibrionaceae) and were considered key vehicles in ARG transfer, similar to plasmids. Therefore, these ARGs could then be disseminated at larger temporal and spatial scales than those included in the bacterial genomes, allowing for time-delayed genetic exchanges.
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25
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Guo Y, Chen P, Lin Z, Wang T. Characterization of Two Pseudomonas aeruginosa Viruses vB_PaeM_SCUT-S1 and vB_PaeM_SCUT-S2. Viruses 2019; 11:v11040318. [PMID: 30939832 PMCID: PMC6521218 DOI: 10.3390/v11040318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The sophisticated antibiotic resistance mechanism of Pseudomonas aeruginosa has urged the development of alternative antibacterial strategies. Phage therapy has been proven successful for the treatment of multidrug-resistant infections. In this study, we reported two virulent P. aeruginosa phages, vB_PaeM_SCUT-S1 (S1) and vB_PaeM_SCUT-S2 (S2), which were characterized at morphological, genomic, and proteomic levels. Phages S1 and S2 were assigned to the Myoviridae family. The genome sequencing showed that the genome size of Phage S1 was 66,046 bp and that of Phage S2 was 94,434 bp. The phylogenetic tree indicated that the two phages were distantly related to each other and were classified in the genera Pbunavirus and Pakpunavirus respectively. Thirty-one proteins were identified for each phage by mass spectrometry and were used to substantiate the function of the predicted coding genes. The two phages inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 at low multiplicity of infection levels and had good performance both on preventing biofilm formation and eradicating preformed biofilms. They were also stable over a wide range of temperature and pH values, supporting their potential use in the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyijun Guo
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Outer Loop Road, Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Ping Chen
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Outer Loop Road, Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Zhanglin Lin
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Outer Loop Road, Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Outer Loop Road, Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
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26
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Istiaq A, Shuvo MSR, Rahman KMJ, Siddique MA, Hossain MA, Sultana M. Adaptation of metal and antibiotic resistant traits in novel β-Proteobacterium Achromobacter xylosoxidans BHW-15. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6537. [PMID: 30886770 PMCID: PMC6421061 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal co-existence of metal and antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria offers a new perspective to the bacterial resistance proliferation in contaminated environment. In this study, an arsenotrophic bacterium Achromobacter xylosoxidans BHW-15, isolated from Arsenic (As) contaminated tubewell water in the Bogra district of Bangladesh, was analyzed using high throughput Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM) complete genome sequencing scheme to reveal its adaptive potentiality. The assembled draft genome of A. xylosoxidans BHW-15 was 6.3 Mbp containing 5,782 functional genes, 1,845 pseudo genes, and three incomplete phage signature regions. Comparative genome study suggested the bacterium to be a novel strain of A. xylosoxidans showing significant dissimilarity with other relevant strains in metal resistance gene islands. A total of 35 metal resistance genes along with arsenite-oxidizing aioSXBA, arsenate reducing arsRCDAB, and mercury resistance merRTPADE operonic gene cluster and 20 broad range antibiotic resistance genes including β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and multiple multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux gene complex with a tripartite system OM-IM-MFP were found co-existed within the genome. Genomic synteny analysis with reported arsenotrophic bacteria revealed the characteristic genetic organization of ars and mer operonic genes, rarely described in β-Proteobacteria. A transposon Tn21 and mobile element protein genes were also detected to the end of mer (mercury) operonic genes, possibly a carrier for the gene transposition. In vitro antibiotic susceptibility assay showed a broad range of resistance against antibiotics belonging to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins (1st, 2nd, and 3rd generations), monobactams and even macrolides, some of the resistome determinants were predicted during in silico analysis. KEGG functional orthology analysis revealed the potential of the bacterium to utilize multiple carbon sources including one carbon pool by folate, innate defense mechanism against multiple stress conditions, motility, a proper developed cell signaling and processing unit and secondary metabolism-combination of all exhibiting a robust feature of the cell in multiple stressed conditions. The complete genome of the strain BHW-15 stands as a genetic basis for the evolutionary adaptation of metal and the antibiotic coexistence phenomenon in an aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Istiaq
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sadikur Rahman Shuvo
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - M Anwar Hossain
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Munawar Sultana
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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27
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Baidoo EEK, Teixeira Benites V. Mass Spectrometry-Based Microbial Metabolomics: Techniques, Analysis, and Applications. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1859:11-69. [PMID: 30421222 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8757-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The demand for understanding the roles genes play in biological systems has steered the biosciences into the direction the metabolome, as it closely reflects the metabolic activities within a cell. The importance of the metabolome is further highlighted by its ability to influence the genome, transcriptome, and proteome. Consequently, metabolomic information is being used to understand microbial metabolic networks. At the forefront of this work is mass spectrometry, the most popular metabolomics measurement technique. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomic analyses have made significant contributions to microbiological research in the environment and human disease. In this chapter, we break down the technical aspects of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and discuss its application to microbiological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward E K Baidoo
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA.
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA.
| | - Veronica Teixeira Benites
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
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28
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Xu X, Zarecki R, Medina S, Ofaim S, Liu X, Chen C, Hu S, Brom D, Gat D, Porob S, Eizenberg H, Ronen Z, Jiang J, Freilich S. Modeling microbial communities from atrazine contaminated soils promotes the development of biostimulation solutions. ISME JOURNAL 2018; 13:494-508. [PMID: 30291327 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-018-0288-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Microbial communities play a vital role in biogeochemical cycles, allowing the biodegradation of a wide range of pollutants. The composition of the community and the interactions between its members affect degradation rate and determine the identity of the final products. Here, we demonstrate the application of sequencing technologies and metabolic modeling approaches towards enhancing biodegradation of atrazine-a herbicide causing environmental pollution. Treatment of agriculture soil with atrazine is shown to induce significant changes in community structure and functional performances. Genome-scale metabolic models were constructed for Arthrobacter, the atrazine degrader, and four other non-atrazine degrading species whose relative abundance in soil was changed following exposure to the herbicide. By modeling community function we show that consortia including the direct degrader and non-degrader differentially abundant species perform better than Arthrobacter alone. Simulations predict that growth/degradation enhancement is derived by metabolic exchanges between community members. Based on simulations we designed endogenous consortia optimized for enhanced degradation whose performances were validated in vitro and biostimulation strategies that were tested in pot experiments. Overall, our analysis demonstrates that understanding community function in its wider context, beyond the single direct degrader perspective, promotes the design of biostimulation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihui Xu
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiology for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Raphy Zarecki
- Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Shlomit Medina
- Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Shany Ofaim
- Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel.,Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiology for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiology for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shunli Hu
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiology for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Dan Brom
- Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Daniella Gat
- Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, The Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, Sede-Boqer, 8499000, Israel
| | - Seema Porob
- Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, The Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, Sede-Boqer, 8499000, Israel
| | - Hanan Eizenberg
- Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Zeev Ronen
- Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, The Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, Sede-Boqer, 8499000, Israel
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiology for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Shiri Freilich
- Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel.
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29
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Real-time assessment of bacteriophage T3-derived antimicrobial activity against planktonic and biofilm-embedded Escherichia coli by isothermal microcalorimetry. Res Microbiol 2018; 169:515-521. [PMID: 29886257 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms, highly resistant to the conventional antimicrobial therapy, remain an unresolved challenge pressing the medical community to investigate new and alternative strategies to fight chronic implant-associated infections. Recently, strictly lytic bacteriophages have been revalued as powerful agents to kill antibiotic-resistant bacteria even in biofilm. Here, the interaction of T3 bacteriophage and planktonic and biofilm Escherichia coli TG1, respectively, was evaluated using isothermal microcalorimetry. Microcalorimetry is a non-invasive and highly sensitive technique measuring growth-related heat production of microorganisms in real-time. Planktonic and biofilm E. coli TG1 were exposed to different titers of T3 bacteriophage, ranging from 102 to 107 PFU/ml. The incubation of T3 with E. coli TG1 showed a strong inhibition of heat production both in planktonic and biofilm already at lower bacteriophage titers (103 PFU/ml). This method could be used to screen and evaluate the antimicrobial potential of different bacteriophages, alone and in combination with antibiotics in order to improve the treatment success of biofilm-associated infections.
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30
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Ofaim S, Ofek-Lalzar M, Sela N, Jinag J, Kashi Y, Minz D, Freilich S. Analysis of Microbial Functions in the Rhizosphere Using a Metabolic-Network Based Framework for Metagenomics Interpretation. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1606. [PMID: 28878756 PMCID: PMC5572346 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in metagenomics enable high resolution description of complex bacterial communities in their natural environments. Consequently, conceptual approaches for community level functional analysis are in high need. Here, we introduce a framework for a metagenomics-based analysis of community functions. Environment-specific gene catalogs, derived from metagenomes, are processed into metabolic-network representation. By applying established ecological conventions, network-edges (metabolic functions) are assigned with taxonomic annotations according to the dominance level of specific groups. Once a function-taxonomy link is established, prediction of the impact of dominant taxa on the overall community performances is assessed by simulating removal or addition of edges (taxa associated functions). This approach is demonstrated on metagenomic data describing the microbial communities from the root environment of two crop plants – wheat and cucumber. Predictions for environment-dependent effects revealed differences between treatments (root vs. soil), corresponding to documented observations. Metabolism of specific plant exudates (e.g., organic acids, flavonoids) was linked with distinct taxonomic groups in simulated root, but not soil, environments. These dependencies point to the impact of these metabolite families as determinants of community structure. Simulations of the activity of pairwise combinations of taxonomic groups (order level) predicted the possible production of complementary metabolites. Complementation profiles allow formulating a possible metabolic role for observed co-occurrence patterns. For example, production of tryptophan-associated metabolites through complementary interactions is unique to the tryptophan-deficient cucumber root environment. Our approach enables formulation of testable predictions for species contribution to community activity and exploration of the functional outcome of structural shifts in complex bacterial communities. Understanding community-level metabolism is an essential step toward the manipulation and optimization of microbial function. Here, we introduce an analysis framework addressing three key challenges of such data: producing quantified links between taxonomy and function; contextualizing discrete functions into communal networks; and simulating environmental impact on community performances. New technologies will soon provide a high-coverage description of biotic and a-biotic aspects of complex microbial communities such as these found in gut and soil. This framework was designed to allow the integration of high-throughput metabolomic and metagenomic data toward tackling the intricate associations between community structure, community function, and metabolic inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shany Ofaim
- Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research OrganizationRamat Yishay, Israel.,Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa, Israel
| | - Maya Ofek-Lalzar
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research OrganizationBeit Dagan, Israel
| | - Noa Sela
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani CenterBeit Dagan, Israel
| | - Jiandong Jinag
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yechezkel Kashi
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa, Israel
| | - Dror Minz
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research OrganizationBeit Dagan, Israel
| | - Shiri Freilich
- Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research OrganizationRamat Yishay, Israel
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