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Barosa B, Ferrillo A, Selci M, Giardina M, Bastianoni A, Correggia M, di Iorio L, Bernardi G, Cascone M, Capuozzo R, Intoccia M, Price R, Vetriani C, Cordone A, Giovannelli D. Mapping the microbial diversity associated with different geochemical regimes in the shallow-water hydrothermal vents of the Aeolian archipelago, Italy. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1134114. [PMID: 37637107 PMCID: PMC10452888 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1134114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Shallow-water hydrothermal vents are unique marine environments ubiquitous along the coast of volcanically active regions of the planet. In contrast to their deep-sea counterparts, primary production at shallow-water vents relies on both photoautotrophy and chemoautotrophy. Such processes are supported by a range of geochemical regimes driven by different geological settings. The Aeolian archipelago, located in the southern Tyrrhenian sea, is characterized by intense hydrothermal activity and harbors some of the best sampled shallow-water vents of the Mediterranean Sea. Despite this, the correlation between microbial diversity, geochemical regimes and geological settings of the different volcanic islands of the archipelago is largely unknown. Here, we report the microbial diversity associated with six distinct shallow-water hydrothermal vents of the Aeolian Islands using a combination of 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing along with physicochemical and geochemical measurements. Samples were collected from biofilms, fluids and sediments from shallow vents on the islands of Lipari, Panarea, Salina, and Vulcano. Two new shallow vent locations are described here for the first time. Our results show the presence of diverse microbial communities consistent in their composition with the local geochemical regimes. The shallow water vents of the Aeolian Islands harbor highly diverse microbial community and should be included in future conservation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Barosa
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Selci
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Giardina
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Bastianoni
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Correggia
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Luciano di Iorio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Martina Cascone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosaria Capuozzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Intoccia
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Roy Price
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Costantino Vetriani
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Angelina Cordone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Donato Giovannelli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Istituto per le Risorse Biologiche e Biotecnologiche Marine, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, CNR-IRBIM, Ancona, Italy
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Tokyo, Japan
- Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department–Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States
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Montuori E, Saggiomo M, Lauritano C. Microalgae from Cold Environments and Their Possible Biotechnological Applications. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21050292. [PMID: 37233486 DOI: 10.3390/md21050292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold environments include deep ocean, alpine, and polar areas. Even if the cold conditions are harsh and extreme for certain habitats, various species have been adapted to survive in them. Microalgae are among the most abundant microbial communities which have adapted to live in low light, low temperature, and ice coverage conditions typical of cold environments by activating different stress-responsive strategies. These species have been shown to have bioactivities with possible exploitation capabilities for human applications. Even if they are less explored compared to species living in more accessible sites, various activities have been highlighted, such as antioxidant and anticancer activities. This review is focused on summarizing these bioactivities and discussing the possible exploitation of cold-adapted microalgae. Thanks to the possibility of mass cultivating algae in controlled photobioreactors, eco-sustainable exploitation is in fact possible by sampling a few microalgal cells without impacting the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Montuori
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Acton 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Saggiomo
- Research Infrastructure for Marine Biological Resources Department, Stazione Zoologica, Via Acton 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy
| | - Chiara Lauritano
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Acton 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy
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Cordone A, Selci M, Barosa B, Bastianoni A, Bastoni D, Bolinesi F, Capuozzo R, Cascone M, Correggia M, Corso D, Di Iorio L, Misic C, Montemagno F, Ricciardelli A, Saggiomo M, Tonietti L, Mangoni O, Giovannelli D. Surface Bacterioplankton Community Structure Crossing the Antarctic Circumpolar Current Fronts. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030702. [PMID: 36985275 PMCID: PMC10054113 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is the major current in the Southern Ocean, isolating the warm stratified subtropical waters from the more homogeneous cold polar waters. The ACC flows from west to east around Antarctica and generates an overturning circulation by fostering deep-cold water upwelling and the formation of new water masses, thus affecting the Earth's heat balance and the global distribution of carbon. The ACC is characterized by several water mass boundaries or fronts, known as the Subtropical Front (STF), Subantarctic Front (SAF), Polar Front (PF), and South Antarctic Circumpolar Current Front (SACCF), identified by typical physical and chemical properties. While the physical characteristics of these fronts have been characterized, there is still poor information regarding the microbial diversity of this area. Here we present the surface water bacterioplankton community structure based on 16S rRNA sequencing from 13 stations sampled in 2017 between New Zealand to the Ross Sea crossing the ACC Fronts. Our results show a distinct succession in the dominant bacterial phylotypes present in the different water masses and suggest a strong role of sea surface temperatures and the availability of Carbon and Nitrogen in controlling community composition. This work represents an important baseline for future studies on the response of Southern Ocean epipelagic microbial communities to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Cordone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Selci
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Bernardo Barosa
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Bastianoni
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Deborah Bastoni
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Bolinesi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosaria Capuozzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Cascone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Correggia
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Corso
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Luciano Di Iorio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Misic
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Universitá di Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Luca Tonietti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Mangoni
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario delle Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Donato Giovannelli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies, National Research Council, 60125 Ancona, Italy
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute for Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Marine Chemistry and Geology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02540, USA
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Giovannelli D, Barry PH, de Moor JM, Jessen GL, Schrenk MO, Lloyd KG. Sampling across large-scale geological gradients to study geosphere–biosphere interactions. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:998133. [PMID: 36386678 PMCID: PMC9659755 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.998133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite being one of the largest microbial ecosystems on Earth, many basic open questions remain about how life exists and thrives in the deep subsurface biosphere. Much of this ambiguity is due to the fact that it is exceedingly difficult and often prohibitively expensive to directly sample the deep subsurface, requiring elaborate drilling programs or access to deep mines. We propose a sampling approach which involves collection of a large suite of geological, geochemical, and biological data from numerous deeply-sourced seeps—including lower temperature sites—over large spatial scales. This enables research into interactions between the geosphere and the biosphere, expanding the classical local approach to regional or even planetary scales. Understanding the interplay between geology, geochemistry and biology on such scales is essential for building subsurface ecosystem models and extrapolating the ecological and biogeochemical roles of subsurface microbes beyond single site interpretations. This approach has been used successfully across the Central and South American Convergent Margins, and can be applied more broadly to other types of geological regions (i.e., rifting, intraplate volcanic, and hydrothermal settings). Working across geological spatial scales inherently encompasses broad temporal scales (e.g., millions of years of volatile cycling across a convergent margin), providing access to a framework for interpreting evolution and ecosystem functions through deep time and space. We propose that tectonic interactions are fundamental to maintaining planetary habitability through feedbacks that stabilize the ecosphere, and deep biosphere studies are fundamental to understanding geo-bio feedbacks on these processes on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Giovannelli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies, National Research Council, CNR-IRBIM, Ancona, Italy
- Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, MA, United States
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Donato Giovannelli,
| | - Peter H. Barry
- Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, MA, United States
| | - J. Maarten de Moor
- Observatorio Volcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica (OVSICORI), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Gerdhard L. Jessen
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Center for Oceanographic Research COPAS COASTAL, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Matthew O. Schrenk
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Karen G. Lloyd
- Microbiology Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
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Crisafi F, Smedile F, Yakimov MM, Aulenta F, Fazi S, La Cono V, Martinelli A, Di Lisio V, Denaro R. Bacterial biofilms on medical masks disposed in the marine environment: a hotspot of biological and functional diversity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 837:155731. [PMID: 35533867 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The present paper was aimed at investigating the role of disposable medical masks as a substrate for microbial biofilm growth and for the selection of specific microbial traits in highly impacted marine environments. In this view, we have immerged masks in a coastal area affected by a continuous input of artisanal fishery wastes and hydrocarbons pollution caused by intense maritime traffic. Masks maintained one month in the field were colonized by a bacterial community significantly different from that detected in the natural matrices from the same areas (seawater and sediments). The masks served as a viable substrate for the growth and enrichment of phototrophic microorganisms (Oxyphotobacteria), as well as Ruminococcaceae, Gracilibacteria, and Holophageae. In a follow-up investigation, masks previously colonized in the field were transferred in lab-scale microcosms which were supplemented with hydrocarbons and which contained also a piece of a virgin mask. After one month, a shift in the community composition, likely triggered by hydrocarbons addition, was observed in the previously colonized mask, with signatures characteristic of hydrocarbon-degrading microbial groups. Such hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were also found to colonize the virgin mask. Remarkably, SEM micrographs provided indications of the occurrence of morphological modifications of the surface components of the virgin masks colonized by hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria. Overall, for the first time, we have demonstrated the potential risk for human and animal health determined by the uncorrected disposal of masks which are suitable substrates for pathogens colonization, permanence and spreading. Moreover, we have herein strengthened the knowledge on the role of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in the colonization and modification of fossil-based plastics in marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Crisafi
- Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (ISP-CNR), Spianata San Raineri, 86, 98121 Messina, Italy
| | - F Smedile
- Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (ISP-CNR), Spianata San Raineri, 86, 98121 Messina, Italy
| | - M M Yakimov
- Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (ISP-CNR), Spianata San Raineri, 86, 98121 Messina, Italy
| | - F Aulenta
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria km 29, 300, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - S Fazi
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria km 29, 300, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - V La Cono
- Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (ISP-CNR), Spianata San Raineri, 86, 98121 Messina, Italy
| | - A Martinelli
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - V Di Lisio
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal, 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - R Denaro
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria km 29, 300, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy.
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