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Xia J, Jia D, Wu J. Protective effects of alpinetin against interleukin-1β-exposed nucleus pulposus cells: Involvement of the TLR4/MyD88 pathway in a cellular model of intervertebral disc degeneration. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 492:117110. [PMID: 39322069 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 09/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) causes a variety of symptoms such as low back pain, disc herniation, and spinal stenosis, which can lead to high social and economic costs. Alpinetin has an anti-inflammatory potential, but its effect on IDD is unclear. Herein, we investigated the effect of alpinetin on IDD. To mimic an in vitro model of IDD, nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) were exposed to interleukin 1β (IL-1β). The viability of NPCs was assessed by CCK-8 assay. The expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MyD88), aggrecan, collagen-2, and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) was examined by qRT-PCR and western blotting. The protein levels of B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated protein X (Bax), and cleaved caspase-3 were scrutinized by western blotting. The flow cytometry assay was performed to assess apoptosis of NPCs. The contents of inflammatory factors were examined by ELISA kits. Results showed that alpinetin repressed IL-1β-tempted activation of the TLR4/MyD88 pathway and apoptosis in NPCs. Alpinetin alleviated IL-1β-tempted inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in NPCs. Moreover, alpinetin lessened IL-1β-tempted extracellular matrix (ECM) degeneration in NPCs by enhancing the expression of aggrecan and collagen-2 and reducing the expression of MMP-3. The effects of alpinetin on IL-1β-exposed NPCs were neutralized by TLR4 upregulation. In conclusion, alpinetin repressed IL-1β-tempted apoptosis, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and ECM degradation in NPCs through the inactivation of the TLR4/MyD88 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Di Jia
- Medical Department, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital (Shenzhen Pingshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianlong Wu
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
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Kim H, Yeo C, Hong JY, Jeon WJ, Kim H, Lee J, Lee YJ, Baek SH, Ha IH. Raphanus sativus Linne Protects Human Nucleus Pulposus Cells against H 2O 2-Induced Damage by Inhibiting TREM2. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:602. [PMID: 39194540 DOI: 10.3390/biology13080602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) progresses owing to damage and depletion of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Cytoprotection mitigates oxidative stress, nutrient deprivation, and mechanical stress, which lead to cell damage and necrosis. We aimed to examine the protective effect of Raphanus sativus Linne (RSL), common radish, against oxidative stress by H2O2 in human NP cells and whether the RSL extracts can inhibit triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), an inducer of apoptosis and degeneration in NP cells. We administered hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to cultured human NP cells treated with RSL extracts. We used immunoblotting and quantitative PCR to investigate expression of the apoptosis-associated proteins in cultured cells. RSL significantly enhanced cell survival by suppressing the activation of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax. In contrast, RSL extract increased Bcl2 concentration to downregulate apoptosis. Additionally, RSL treatment notably enhanced the mRNA levels of ACAN and Col2a1 while significantly reducing those of ADAMTS-4, ADAMTS-5, MMP3, and MMP13, key genes involved in NP degeneration. While H2O2 elevated TREM2 expression, causing disc degeneration, RSL downregulated TREM2 expression. Thus, our findings imply that RSL supports human NP cells under oxidative stress and regulates the pathways underlying disc degeneration, particularly TREM2, and that RSL extracts may potentially prevent IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunseong Kim
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhwan Yeo
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Hong
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Jin Jeon
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseon Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jae Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hyuk Ha
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea
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Wang Y, Zhang C, Cheng J, Yan T, He Q, Huang D, Liu J, Wang Z. Cutting-Edge Biomaterials in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Tissue Engineering. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:979. [PMID: 39204324 PMCID: PMC11359550 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16080979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) stands as the foremost contributor to low back pain (LBP), imposing a substantial weight on the world economy. Traditional treatment modalities encompass both conservative approaches and surgical interventions; however, the former falls short in halting IVDD progression, while the latter carries inherent risks. Hence, the quest for an efficacious method to reverse IVDD onset is paramount. Biomaterial delivery systems, exemplified by hydrogels, microspheres, and microneedles, renowned for their exceptional biocompatibility, biodegradability, biological efficacy, and mechanical attributes, have found widespread application in bone, cartilage, and various tissue engineering endeavors. Consequently, IVD tissue engineering has emerged as a burgeoning field of interest. This paper succinctly introduces the intervertebral disc (IVD) structure and the pathophysiology of IVDD, meticulously classifies biomaterials for IVD repair, and reviews recent advances in the field. Particularly, the strengths and weaknesses of biomaterials in IVD tissue engineering are emphasized, and potential avenues for future research are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (T.Y.)
| | - Chuyue Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (T.Y.)
| | - Junyao Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (T.Y.)
| | - Taoxu Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (T.Y.)
| | - Qing He
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Q.H.); (D.H.)
| | - Da Huang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Q.H.); (D.H.)
| | - Jianheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (T.Y.)
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (J.C.); (T.Y.)
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Xia Q, Zhao Y, Dong H, Mao Q, Zhu L, Xia J, Weng Z, Liao W, Hu Z, Yi J, Feng S, Jiang Y, Xin Z. Progress in the study of molecular mechanisms of intervertebral disc degeneration. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116593. [PMID: 38626521 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Degenerative intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is one of the main spinal surgery, conditions, which markedly increases the incidence of low back pain and deteriorates the patient's quality of life, and it imposes significant social and economic burdens. The molecular pathology of IVDD is highly complex and multilateral however still not ompletely understood. New findings indicate that IVDD is closely associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, cell injury and extracellular matrix metabolismdysregulation. Symptomatic management is the main therapeutic approach adopted for IVDD, but it fails to address the basic pathological changes and the causes of the disease. However, research is still focusing on molecular aspects in terms of gene expression, growth factors and cell signaling pathways in an attempt to identify specific molecular targets for IVDD treatment. The paper summarizes the most recent achievements in molecularunderstanding of the pathogenesis of IVDD and gives evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuqiu Xia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Huaize Dong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Qiming Mao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Lu Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jiyue Xia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Zijing Weng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Wenbo Liao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Zongyue Hu
- Department of Pain Rehabilitation, Affiliated Sinopharm Gezhouba Central Hospital, Third Clinical Medical College of Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province 443003, China
| | - Jiangbi Yi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Shuai Feng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Youhong Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Zun yi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Zhijun Xin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563000, China; Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3244, Dynamics of Genetic Information, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France.
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Xiao H, Wang K, Peng L, Yin Z. Laquinimod attenuates oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial injury and alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111804. [PMID: 38457986 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) caused by intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a significant global health concern. It is necessary to investigate the underlying pathological mechanisms leading to IVDD and develop precise treatment strategies for this condition. Considering the well-established anti-inflammatory properties and ability to reduce oxidative stress in various diseases, for the first time we aim to explore the potential of Laquinimod in alleviating IVDD. METHODS We used hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to simulate the oxidative stress microenvironment in IVDD, and Laquinimod for intervention purposes. Western blot analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunofluorescence assay were used to measure the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, catabolic enzymes, and markers of extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. In addition, dichlorofluorescin-diacetate (DCFH-DA) and JC-1 fluorescent probes, flow cytometry analysis, and qRT-PCR were used to measure mitochondrial function and apoptosis in NP cells under conditions of oxidative stress. An acupuncture-induced rat model of IVDD was established to further evaluate the efficacy of Laquinimod in alleviating IVDD in vivo. RESULTS Our findings showed that Laquinimod significantly reduced the oxidative stress-induced inflammatory response in NP cells, downregulated the expression of catabolic enzymes, and markedly enhanced ECM degradation by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. The administration of Laquinimod concurrently improved the mitochondrial functional state and reduced apoptosis in NP cells. Additionally, in vivo experiments in rats showed that Laquinimod significantly alleviated acupuncture-induced IVDD. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the findings of this study provide new insights into the therapeutic potential of Laquinimod as a treatment for oxidative stress-induced IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xiao
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Qingdao Jimo District People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Lin Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinan No. 4 People's Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Zongsheng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China,.
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Notarangelo MP, Penolazzi L, Lambertini E, Falzoni S, De Bonis P, Capanni C, Di Virgilio F, Piva R. The NFATc1/P2X7 receptor relationship in human intervertebral disc cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1368318. [PMID: 38638530 PMCID: PMC11024252 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1368318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of the molecules that play key roles in the physiological and pathological homeostasis of the human intervertebral disc (IVD) remains challenging, as does the development of new therapeutic treatments. We recently found a positive correlation between IVD degeneration (IDD) and P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) expression increases both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus. Using immunocytochemistry, reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), overexpression, and chromatin immunoprecipitation, we found that NFATc1 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) are critical regulators of P2X7R. Both transcription factors are recruited at the promoter of the P2RX7 gene and involved in its positive and negative regulation, respectively. Furthermore, using the proximity ligation assay, we revealed that P2X7R and NFATc1 form a molecular complex and that P2X7R is closely associated with lamin A/C, a major component of the nuclear lamina. Collectively, our study identifies, for the first time, P2X7R and NFATc1 as markers of IVD degeneration and demonstrates that both NFATc1 and lamin A/C are interaction partners of P2X7R.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Letizia Penolazzi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Lambertini
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences of the University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simonetta Falzoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Bonis
- Neurosurgery Department, Sant’Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cristina Capanni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Piva
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Gu J, Zhou X, Xie L. Significance of Oxidative Stress in the Diagnosis and Subtype Classification of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:193-207. [PMID: 37314550 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10412-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a common illness of aging, and its pathophysiological process is mainly manifested by cell aging and apoptosis, an imbalance in the production and catabolism of extracellular matrix, and an inflammatory response. Oxidative stress (OS) is an imbalance that decreases the body's intrinsic antioxidant defense system and/or raises the formation of reactive oxygen species and performs multiple biological functions in the body. However, our current knowledge of the effect of OS on the progression and treatment of IVDD is still extremely limited. In this study, we obtained 35 DEGs by differential expression analysis of 437 OS-related genes (OSRGs) between IVDD patients and healthy individuals from GSE124272 and GSE150408. Then, we identified six hub OSRGs (ATP7A, MELK, NCF1, NOX1, RHOB, and SP1) from 35 DEGs, and the high accuracy of these hub genes was confirmed by constructing ROC curves. In addition, to forecast the risk of IVDD patients, we developed a nomogram. We obtained two OSRG clusters (clusters A and B) by consensus clustering based on the six hub genes. Then, 3147 DEGs were obtained by differential expression analysis in the two clusters, and all samples were further divided into two gene clusters (A and B). We investigated differences in immune cell infiltration levels between different clusters and found that most immune cells had higher infiltration levels in OSRG cluster B or gene cluster B. In conclusion, OS is important in the formation and progression of IVDD, and we believe that our work will help guide future research on OS in IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Third Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, Third Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Spine Surgery, Third Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
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Li J, Yang C, Xiang K. Association between oxidative balance score and prostate specific antigen among older US adults. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1336657. [PMID: 38317687 PMCID: PMC10838971 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1336657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) is an index affecting the oxidative stress of dietary and lifestyle factors. We aimed to explore the association of OBS with prostate specific antigen (PSA) among older males. Methods A total of 5,136 samples were collected in this study to investigate the relationship between OBS and PSA from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline were used to assess the associations between OBS and PSA. Results Compared with the Q1 group, the odds ratios for the association between OBS and PSA were 1.005 (1.003, 1.009), 1.003 (1.001, 1.006), and 1.001 (0.978, 1.022) for Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively. In the age-specific analyses, the association was significant among individuals aged 65 years old and over: the odds ratios for the association between OBS and PSA were 1.019 (1.005, 1.028), 1.028 (1.018, 1.039), and 1.038 (1.022, 1.049) for Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively. But it was not significant among individuals aged less than 65 years old: the odds ratios for the association between OBS and PSA were 1.016 (0.995, 1.026), 1.015 (0.985, 1.022), and 0.988 (0.978, 1.016) for Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively. The restricted cubic splines also indicated a nonlinear relationship between OBS and PSA among individuals aged 65 years old and over (Poverall = 0.006, Pnonlinear = 0.021). Conclusion Our findings provide evidence that OBS is positively associated with higher levels of PSA among older adults. Further large-scale prospective cohort studies are needed to verify our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kui Xiang
- The National Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, Hubei, China
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Liu Y, Zhao Z, Guo C, Huang Z, Zhang W, Ma F, Wang Z, Kong Q, Wang Y. Application and development of hydrogel biomaterials for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration: a literature review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1286223. [PMID: 38130952 PMCID: PMC10733535 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1286223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Low back pain caused by disc herniation and spinal stenosis imposes an enormous medical burden on society due to its high prevalence and refractory nature. This is mainly due to the long-term inflammation and degradation of the extracellular matrix in the process of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), which manifests as loss of water in the nucleus pulposus (NP) and the formation of fibrous disc fissures. Biomaterial repair strategies involving hydrogels play an important role in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. Excellent biocompatibility, tunable mechanical properties, easy modification, injectability, and the ability to encapsulate drugs, cells, genes, etc. make hydrogels good candidates as scaffolds and cell/drug carriers for treating NP degeneration and other aspects of IVDD. This review first briefly describes the anatomy, pathology, and current treatments of IVDD, and then introduces different types of hydrogels and addresses "smart hydrogels". Finally, we discuss the feasibility and prospects of using hydrogels to treat IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qingquan Kong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Ji L, Wang Y, Lu T, Yang J, Luo C, Qiu B. Identification of blood metabolites linked to the risk of intervertebral disc diseases: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study. Postgrad Med J 2023; 99:1148-1153. [PMID: 37399049 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgad052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has affected millions of people worldwide and dramatically affects human beings' quality of life. Observational studies hypothesize that metabolites play key roles as markers and effectors of IVDD, but their causality has not yet been illustrated. METHODS We conducted comprehensive Mendelian randomization (MR) to determine the causal relationship between 249 plasma metabolites and IVDD. Inverse-variance weighting was used as the primary estimate, whereas MR-Egger and weighed median were used to detect robustness. A series of sensitivity analyses including Cochran Q test, leave one out, and MR-Egger intercept analysis were also conducted. RESULTS In total, we found 13 blood metabolites significantly associated with IVDD, including phospholipids in very large high-density lipoprotein (HDL), free cholesterol to total lipids ratio in very large HDL, average diameter for HDL particles, cholesteryl esters to total lipids ratio in large HDL, free cholesterol to total lipids ratio in medium HDL, creatinine, free cholesterol to total lipids ratio in large HDL, phospholipids to total lipids ratio in very large HDL, cholesterol to total lipids ratio in very large HDL, cholesteryl esters to total lipids ratio in large HDL, phospholipids in large HDL, total lipids in very large HDL, and total lipids in large HDL. No pleiotropy was detected. Heterogeneity existed in several estimates and random-effect inverse-variance weighting was applied. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlighted the causal association of blood metabolites with the risk of IVDD. Our results provide new insights into possible treatment protocols controlling the concentration of specific blood metabolites in IVDD patients. Key messages What is already known on this topic Low back pain is the most common symptom for patients with intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and influences the quality of life of large populations. Observational studies have indicated the association between metabolites and IVDD. However, causality has not been determined yet. What this study adds We conducted a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study to reveal the causal effect from 249 blood metabolites on low back pain. A total of 13 metabolites were found to causally affect the risk of IVDD, among which 11 were negatively associated and 2 were positively asscociated. How this study might affect research, practice, or policy These 13 significant metabolites could serve as biomarkers for IVDD and our results provide new insights into possible treatment protocols for IVDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsong Ji
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou Hospital, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou Hospital, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Tingsheng Lu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou Hospital, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Jianwen Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou Hospital, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Chunshan Luo
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou Hospital, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Bing Qiu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou Hospital, Guiyang 550014, China
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Li H, Pan H, Xiao C, Li H, Long L, Wang X, Luo S, Lyu K, Chen Y, Jiang L, Lu J, Shen H, Li S. IL-1β-mediated inflammatory responses in intervertebral disc degeneration: Mechanisms, signaling pathways, and therapeutic potential. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19951. [PMID: 37809657 PMCID: PMC10559578 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) has been widely recognized as the primary cause of low back pain and is one of the major chronic diseases imposing a severe socioeconomic burden worldwide. IDD is a degenerative process characterized by inflammatory responses, and its underlying pathological mechanisms remain complex. Genetic, developmental, biochemical, and biomechanical factors contribute to the development of IDD. There is a pressing need for an effective non-surgical treatment, mainly due to the lack of comprehensive understanding of the specific mechanisms involved and the effective therapeutic targets for IDD. Recently, interleukin (IL)-1β has been recognized as an essential inflammatory factor and a key mediator of the inflammatory process in IDD. Current studies have found that IL-1β is mainly involved in IDD by affecting the metabolism of the extracellular matrix and regulating cell death (RCD), such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis (a new form of RCD). Although analysis of clinical samples from different laboratories confirmed how IL-1β is induced in IDD, its specific signal transduction pathway, and the inflammatory role mediated in IDD remains unclear. This review describes the molecules and mechanisms involved in IL-1β-mediated inflammatory responses, and their roles in resolving the inflammatory process in IDD. Understanding the signaling pathways involved in IL-1β may lead to a new class of targets that promote remission for IDD patients. This review aims to provide a framework for the treatment of IDD by analyzing the signaling mechanism and function related to IL-1β, especially in terms of inflammation, matrix metabolism, and cell death regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Li
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongyu Pan
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Changming Xiao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanyue Li
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Longhai Long
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengyu Luo
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Kexin Lyu
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Jiang
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingwei Lu
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Huarui Shen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Sen Li
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, China
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Liu H, Li Y, Li Z, Li J, Zhang Q, Cao S, Li H. A Study Based on Network Pharmacology Decoding the Multi-Target Mechanism of Duhuo Jisheng Decoction for the Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 2023:7091407. [PMID: 37288170 PMCID: PMC10243954 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7091407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) poses a grim public health impact. Duhuo Jisheng Decoction (DJD), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has recently received significant attention for its efficacy and safety in treating IDD. However, the pathological processes of IDD in which DJD interferes and molecular mechanism involved are poorly understood, which brings difficulties to the clinical practice of DJD for the treatment of IDD. This study systematically investigated the underlying mechanism of DJD treatment of IDD. Network pharmacology approaches were employed, integrating molecular docking and random walk with restart (RWR) algorithm, to identify key compounds and targets for DJD in the treatment of IDD. Bioinformatics approaches were used to further explore the biological insights in DJD treatment of IDD. The analysis identifies AKT1, PIK3R1, CHUK, ALB, TP53, MYC, NR3C1, IL1B, ERBB2, CAV1, CTNNB1, AR, IGF2, and ESR1 as key targets. Responses to mechanical stress, oxidative stress, cellular inflammatory responses, autophagy, and apoptosis are identified as the critical biological processes involved in DJD treatment of IDD. The regulation of DJD targets in extracellular matrix components, ion channel regulation, transcriptional regulation, synthesis and metabolic regulation of reactive oxygen products in the respiratory chain and mitochondria, fatty acid oxidation, the metabolism of Arachidonic acid, and regulation of Rho and Ras protein activation are found to be potential mechanisms in disc tissue response to mechanical stress and oxidative stress. MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and NF-κB signaling pathways are identified as vital signaling pathways for DJD to treat IDD. Quercetin and Kaempferol are assigned a central position in the treatment of IDD. This study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of DJD in treating IDD. It provides a reference for applying natural products to delay the pathological process of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Civil Aviation General Hospital, No. 1, Gaojing Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100123, China
| | - Zhujun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiongchi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Civil Aviation General Hospital, No. 1, Gaojing Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100123, China
| | - Haopeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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13
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Xu J, Shao T, Lou J, Zhang J, Xia C. Aging, cell senescence, the pathogenesis and targeted therapies of intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1172920. [PMID: 37214476 PMCID: PMC10196014 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1172920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) refers to the aging and degenerative diseases of intervertebral disc components such as nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, and cartilage endplate, and is the main cause of chronic low back pain. Over the past few years, many researchers around the world concerned that the degeneration of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells plays the main role in IVDD. The degeneration of NP cells is caused by a series of pathological processes, including oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis, abnormal proliferation, and autophagy. Interestingly, many studies have found a close relationship between the senescence of NP cells and the progression of NP degeneration. The classical aging pathways also have been confirmed to be involved in the pathological process of IVDD. Moreover, several anti-aging drugs have been used to treat IVDD by inhibiting NP cells senescence, such as proanthocyanidins, resveratrol and bone morphogenetic protein 2. Therefore, this article will systematically list and discuss aging, cell senescence, the pathogenesis and targeted therapies of IVDD, in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of IVDD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiongnan Xu
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Shao
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfen Lou
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital Bijie Hospital, Bijie, Guizhou, China
| | - Chen Xia
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Silwal P, Nguyen-Thai AM, Mohammad HA, Wang Y, Robbins PD, Lee JY, Vo NV. Cellular Senescence in Intervertebral Disc Aging and Degeneration: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Opportunities. Biomolecules 2023; 13:686. [PMID: 37189433 PMCID: PMC10135543 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Closely associated with aging and age-related disorders, cellular senescence (CS) is the inability of cells to proliferate due to accumulated unrepaired cellular damage and irreversible cell cycle arrest. Senescent cells are characterized by their senescence-associated secretory phenotype that overproduces inflammatory and catabolic factors that hamper normal tissue homeostasis. Chronic accumulation of senescent cells is thought to be associated with intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) in an aging population. This IDD is one of the largest age-dependent chronic disorders, often associated with neurological dysfunctions such as, low back pain, radiculopathy, and myelopathy. Senescent cells (SnCs) increase in number in the aged, degenerated discs, and have a causative role in driving age-related IDD. This review summarizes current evidence supporting the role of CS on onset and progression of age-related IDD. The discussion includes molecular pathways involved in CS such as p53-p21CIP1, p16INK4a, NF-κB, and MAPK, and the potential therapeutic value of targeting these pathways. We propose several mechanisms of CS in IDD including mechanical stress, oxidative stress, genotoxic stress, nutritional deprivation, and inflammatory stress. There are still large knowledge gaps in disc CS research, an understanding of which will provide opportunities to develop therapeutic interventions to treat age-related IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanta Silwal
- Ferguson Laboratory for Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Allison M. Nguyen-Thai
- Ferguson Laboratory for Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Haneef Ahamed Mohammad
- Department of Health Information Management, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Yanshan Wang
- Department of Health Information Management, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Paul D. Robbins
- Institute of the Biology of Aging and Metabolism and Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Joon Y. Lee
- Ferguson Laboratory for Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Nam V. Vo
- Ferguson Laboratory for Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Khalid S, Ekram S, Ramzan F, Salim A, Khan I. Co-regulation of Sox9 and TGFβ1 transcription factors in mesenchymal stem cells regenerated the intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1127303. [PMID: 37007782 PMCID: PMC10063891 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1127303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundIntervertebral disc (IVD) shows aging and degenerative changes earlier than any other body connective tissue. Its repair and regeneration provide a considerable challenge in regenerative medicine due to its high degree of infrastructure and mechanical complexity. Mesenchymal stem cells, due to their tissue resurfacing potential, represent many explanatory pathways to regenerate a tissue breakdown.MethodsThis study was undertaken to evaluate the co-regulation of Sox9 and TGFβ1 in differentiating human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSC) into chondrocytes. The combinatorial impact of Sox9 and TGFβ1 on hUC-MSCs was examined in vitro by gene expression and immunocytochemical staining. In in vivo, an animal model of IVD degeneration was established under a fluoroscopic guided system through needle puncture of the caudal disc. Normal and transfected MSCs were transplanted. Oxidative stress, pain, and inflammatory markers were evaluated by qPCR. Disc height index (DHI), water content, and gag content were analyzed. Histological examinations were performed to evaluate the degree of regeneration.ResultshUC-MSC transfected with Sox9+TGFβ1 showed a noticeable morphological appearance of a chondrocyte, and highly expressed chondrogenic markers (aggrecan, Sox9, TGFβ1, TGFβ2, and type II collagens) after transfection. Histological observation demonstrated that cartilage regeneration, extracellular matrix synthesis, and collagen remodeling were significant upon staining with H&E, Alcian blue, and Masson's trichrome stain on day 14. Additionally, oxidative stress, pain, and inflammatory markers were positively downregulated in the animals transplanted with Sox9 and TGFβ1 transfected MSCs.ConclusionThese findings indicate that the combinatorial effect of Sox9 and TGFβ1 substantially accelerates the chondrogenesis in hUC-MSCs. Cartilage regeneration and matrix synthesis were significantly enhanced. Therefore, a synergistic effect of Sox9 and TGFβ1 could be an immense therapeutic combination in the tissue engineering of cartilaginous joint bio-prostheses and a novel candidate for cartilage stabilization.
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