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Chick S, Ataei Kachouei M, Knowlton K, Ali MA. Functionalized Graphene-Based Biosensors for Early Detection of Subclinical Ketosis in Dairy Cows. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:51932-51943. [PMID: 39172629 PMCID: PMC11450706 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Precision livestock farming utilizing advanced diagnostic tools, including biosensors, can play a key role in the management of livestock operations to improve the productivity, health, and well-being of animals. Detection of ketosis, a metabolic disease that occurs in early lactation dairy cows due to a negative energy balance, is one potential on-farm use of biosensors. Beta-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) is an excellent biomarker for monitoring ketosis in dairy cows because βHB is one of the main ketones produced during this metabolic state. In this report, we developed a low-cost, Keto-sensor (graphene-based sensor) for the detection of βHB concentrations in less than a minute. On this device, graphene nanosheets were layered onto a screen-printed electrode (SPE), and then, a stabilized enzyme (beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, NAD+, and glycerol) was used to functionalize the graphene surface enabled by EDC-NHS conjugation chemistry. The Keto-sensor offers an analytical sensitivity of 10 nm and a limit of detection (LoD) of 0.24 nm within a detection range of 0.01 μm-3.00 mm. Spike testing indicates that the Keto-sensor can detect βHB in serum samples from bovines with subclinical ketosis. The Keto-sensor developed in this study shows promising results for early detection of subclinical ketosis on farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Chick
- School
of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Matin Ataei Kachouei
- School
of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Katharine Knowlton
- School
of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Md. Azahar Ali
- School
of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Biological
Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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2
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Singh A, Dhau J, Kumar R, Badru R, Kaushik A. Exploring the fluorescence properties of tellurium-containing molecules and their advanced applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:9816-9847. [PMID: 38497121 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05740b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This review article explores the fascinating realm of fluorescence using organochalcogen molecules, with a particular emphasis on tellurium (Te). The discussion encompasses the underlying mechanisms, structural motifs influencing fluorescence, and the applications of these intriguing phenomena. This review not only elucidates the current state of knowledge but also identifies avenues for future research, thereby serving as a valuable resource for researchers and enthusiasts in the field of fluorescence chemistry with a focus on Te-based molecules. By highlighting challenges and prospects, this review sparks a conversation on the transformative potential of Te-containing compounds across different fields, ranging from environmental solutions to healthcare and materials science applications. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the distinct fluorescence behaviors exhibited by Te-containing compounds, contributing valuable insights to the evolving landscape of chalcogen-based fluorescence research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avtar Singh
- Research and Development, Molekule Group Inc., 3802 Spectrum Blvd., Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Khalsa College, Anandpur Sahib, Punjab 140118, India
| | - Jaspreet Dhau
- Research and Development, Molekule Group Inc., 3802 Spectrum Blvd., Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Rahul Badru
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab 140406, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 33805, USA
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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3
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Nahhas AF, Webster TJ. Applications of peptide-functionalized or unfunctionalized selenium nanoparticles for the passivation of SARS-CoV-2 variants and the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 233:113638. [PMID: 37995630 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.4, BA. 5 and XBB are currently causing a COVID resurgence due to their increased spreading and infectivity. These latest subvariants have been shown to be somewhat resistant to the most common vaccines even with the third dose. Moreover, it has been well documented that when patients stop taking some commercial therapies (such as Paxlovid), COVID from these variants may return and may even be more contagious. Herein, we tested unfunctionalized and functionalized selenium (Se) nanoparticles with three novel peptides (NapFFTLUFLTUTEKKKK, NapFFMLUFLMUMEKKKK, and NapFFSAVLQSGFKKKK) previously shown by themselves to passivate the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 BA.4, BA.5 and XBB variants. Se is a natural element in our diet and is well known to boost the immune system, thus, providing a complementary approach to viral infections. NapFFMLUFLMUMEKKKK showed a stronger inhibition ability at 98 % for Omicron BA.4 % and 96 % for Omicron BA.5 after just 15 min in vitro. Two types of Se nanoparticles (those made chemically or biogenically by cells) were tested to passivate the new SARS-CoV-2 XBB variant. Results showed that the combination of any peptide and using either type of Se NP, the Omicron subvariant XBB was inhibited by 100 % after just 15 min in vitro. Interestingly, the use of Se NPs alone outperformed the peptides in terms of XBB passivation. Also, in order to determine a mechanism of action, functionalizing Se nanoparticles with the NapFFSAVLQSGFKKKK peptide showed a high binding ability toward the chemotrypsin-like cysteine protease (SARS CoV-2 3CLpro). Further, as a demonstration of their versatility, these functionalized peptides also passivated the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). NapFFTLUFLTUTEKKKK and NapFFMLUFLMUMEKKKK showed in silico interactions with the fusion glycoprotein of RSV prompting in vitro RSV pseudo virus testing. Compared to the conventionally precipitated synthetic Se nanoparticles, in vitro results showed that biogenic Se functionalized with the peptides enhanced the inhibition RSV to 100 % after just 15 min of incubation. NapFFTLUFLTUTEKKKK and NapFFMLUFLMUMEKKKK also showed no potential genotoxicity or carcinogenic effects. The peptides showed good gastro-intestinal (GI) tract absorption and bioavailability as predicted using the partition coefficient (QP logPo/w), and high-water solubility as detected by QPlogS. According to these promising results, functionalizing biogenic Se nanoparticles with these novel peptides should be further studied in vivo for the improved diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of SARS-CoV-2, RSV, and other respiratory virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa F Nahhas
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Program in Materials Science, UFPI, Teresina, Brazil; School of Engineering, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
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Annamalai A, Karuppaiya V, Ezhumalai D, Cheruparambath P, Balakrishnan K, Venkatesan A. Nano-based techniques: A revolutionary approach to prevent covid-19 and enhancing human awareness. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023; 86:104567. [PMID: 37313114 PMCID: PMC10183109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In every century of history, there are many new diseases emerged, which are not even cured by many developed countries. Today, despite of scientific development, new deadly pandemic diseases are caused by microorganisms. Hygiene is considered to be one of the best methods of avoiding such communicable diseases, especially viral diseases. Illness caused by SARS-CoV-2 was termed COVID-19 by the WHO, the acronym derived from "coronavirus disease 2019. The globe is living in the worst epidemic era, with the highest infection and mortality rate owing to COVID-19 reaching 6.89% (data up to March 2023). In recent years, nano biotechnology has become a promising and visible field of nanotechnology. Interestingly, nanotechnology is being used to cure many ailments and it has revolutionized many aspects of our lives. Several COVID-19 diagnostic approaches based on nanomaterial have been developed. The various metal NPs, it is highly anticipated that could be viable and economical alternatives for treating drug resistant in many deadly pandemic diseases in near future. This review focuses on an overview of nanotechnology's increasing involvement in the diagnosis, prevention, and therapy of COVID-19, also this review provides readers with an awareness and knowledge of importance of hygiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaikkutti Annamalai
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605 014, Puducherry, India
| | - Vimala Karuppaiya
- Cancer Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhineshkumar Ezhumalai
- Dr. Krishnamoorthi Foundation for Advanced Scientific Research, Vellore, 632 001, Tamil Nadu, India
- Manushyaa Blossom Private Limited, Chennai, 600 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Kaviarasu Balakrishnan
- Dr. Krishnamoorthi Foundation for Advanced Scientific Research, Vellore, 632 001, Tamil Nadu, India
- Manushyaa Blossom Private Limited, Chennai, 600 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arul Venkatesan
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605 014, Puducherry, India
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Hadinejad F, Morad H, Jahanshahi M, Zarrabi A, Pazoki-Toroudi H, Mostafavi E. A Novel Vision of Reinforcing Nanofibrous Masks with Metal Nanoparticles: Antiviral Mechanisms Investigation. ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS 2023; 5:1-45. [PMID: 37361103 PMCID: PMC10088653 DOI: 10.1007/s42765-023-00275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Prevention of spreading viral respiratory disease, especially in case of a pandemic such as coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), has been proved impossible without considering obligatory face mask-wearing protocols for both healthy and contaminated populations. The widespread application of face masks for long hours and almost everywhere increases the risks of bacterial growth in the warm and humid environment inside the mask. On the other hand, in the absence of antiviral agents on the surface of the mask, the virus may have a chance to stay alive and be carried to different places or even put the wearers at risk of contamination when touching or disposing the masks. In this article, the antiviral activity and mechanism of action of some of the potent metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in the role of promising virucidal agents have been reviewed, and incorporation of them in an electrospun nanofibrous structure has been considered an applicable method for the fabrication of innovative respiratory protecting materials with upgraded safety levels. Graphical Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Farinaz Hadinejad
- Nanotechnology Research Institute, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noushirvani University of Technology, Babol, 4714873113 Iran
| | - Hamed Morad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1475886973 Iran
- Ramsar Campus, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Ramsar, 4691710001 Iran
| | - Mohsen Jahanshahi
- Nanotechnology Research Institute, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noushirvani University of Technology, Babol, 4714873113 Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34396 Turkey
| | - Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi
- Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535 Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535 Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
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Prabhakar PK, Khurana N, Vyas M, Sharma V, Batiha GES, Kaur H, Singh J, Kumar D, Sharma N, Kaushik A, Kumar R. Aspects of Nanotechnology for COVID-19 Vaccine Development and Its Delivery Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020451. [PMID: 36839773 PMCID: PMC9960567 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus, a causative agent of the common cold to a much more complicated disease such as "severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV-2), and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)", is a member of the coronaviridae family and contains a positive-sense single-stranded RNA of 26-32 kilobase pairs. COVID-19 has shown very high mortality and morbidity and imparted a significantly impacted socioeconomic status. There are many variants of SARS-CoV-2 that have originated from the mutation of the genetic material of the original coronavirus. This has raised the demand for efficient treatment/therapy to manage newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 infections successfully. However, different types of vaccines have been developed and administered to patients but need more attention because COVID-19 is not under complete control. In this article, currently developed nanotechnology-based vaccines are explored, such as inactivated virus vaccines, mRNA-based vaccines, DNA-based vaccines, S-protein-based vaccines, virus-vectored vaccines, etc. One of the important aspects of vaccines is their administration inside the host body wherein nanotechnology can play a very crucial role. Currently, more than 26 nanotechnology-based COVID-19 vaccine candidates are in various phases of clinical trials. Nanotechnology is one of the growing fields in drug discovery and drug delivery that can also be used for the tackling of coronavirus. Nanotechnology can be used in various ways to design and develop tools and strategies for detection, diagnosis, and therapeutic and vaccine development to protect against COVID-19. The design of instruments for speedy, precise, and sensitive diagnosis, the fabrication of potent sanitizers, the delivery of extracellular antigenic components or mRNA-based vaccines into human tissues, and the administration of antiretroviral medicines into the organism are nanotechnology-based strategies for COVID-19 management. Herein, we discuss the application of nanotechnology in COVID-19 vaccine development and the challenges and opportunities in this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Navneet Khurana
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Manish Vyas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Vikas Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Jashanpreet Singh
- School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Neha Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 33805, USA
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Raj Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Sciences, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (R.K.)
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Khondakar KR, Kaushik A. Role of Wearable Sensing Technology to Manage Long COVID. BIOSENSORS 2022; 13:62. [PMID: 36671900 PMCID: PMC9855989 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Long COVID consequences have changed the perception towards disease management, and it is moving towards personal healthcare monitoring. In this regard, wearable devices have revolutionized the personal healthcare sector to track and monitor physiological parameters of the human body continuously. This would be largely beneficial for early detection (asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic cases of COVID-19), live patient conditions, and long COVID monitoring (COVID recovered patients and healthy individuals) for better COVID-19 management. There are multitude of wearable devices that can observe various human body parameters for remotely monitoring patients and self-monitoring mode for individuals. Smart watches, smart tattoos, rings, smart facemasks, nano-patches, etc., have emerged as the monitoring devices for key physiological parameters, such as body temperature, respiration rate, heart rate, oxygen level, etc. This review includes long COVID challenges for frequent monitoring of biometrics and its possible solution with wearable device technologies for diagnosis and post-therapy of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Reza Khondakar
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 33805-8531, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2094, South Africa
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Herrera-Ruiz A, Tovar BB, García RG, Tamez MFL, Mamidi N. Nanomaterials-Incorporated Chemically Modified Gelatin Methacryloyl-Based Biomedical Composites: A Novel Approach for Bone Tissue Engineering. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2645. [PMID: 36559139 PMCID: PMC9788194 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)-based composites are evolving three-dimensional (3D) networking hydrophilic protein composite scaffolds with high water content. These protein composites have been devoted to biomedical applications due to their unique abilities, such as flexibility, soft structure, versatility, stimuli-responsiveness, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and others. They resemble the native extracellular matrix (ECM) thanks to their remarkable cell-adhesion and matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP)-responsive amino acid motifs. These favorable properties promote cells to proliferate and inflate within GelMA-protein scaffolds. The performance of GelMA composites has been enriched using cell-amenable components, including peptides and proteins with a high affinity to harmonize cellular activities and tissue morphologies. Due to their inimitable merits, GelMA systems have been used in various fields such as drug delivery, biosensor, the food industry, biomedical, and other health sectors. The current knowledge and the role of GelMA scaffolds in bone tissue engineering are limited. The rational design and development of novel nanomaterials-incorporated GelMA-based composites with unique physicochemical and biological advantages would be used to regulate cellular functionality and bone regeneration. Substantial challenges remain. This review focuses on recent progress in mitigating those disputes. The study opens with a brief introduction to bone tissue engineering and GelMA-based composites, followed by their potential applications in bone tissue engineering. The future perspectives and current challenges of GelMA composites are demonstrated. This review would guide the researchers to design and fabricate more efficient multifunctional GelMA-based composites with improved characteristics for their practical applications in bone tissue engineering and biomedical segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Herrera-Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry and Nanotechnology, The School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Benjamín Betancourt Tovar
- Department of Chemistry and Nanotechnology, The School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Rubén Gutiérrez García
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64988, Mexico
| | - María Fernanda Leal Tamez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64988, Mexico
| | - Narsimha Mamidi
- Department of Chemistry and Nanotechnology, The School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
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