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Kondashevskaya MV, Artemyeva KA, Aleksankina VV, Mikhaleva LM. Heparin as a Potential Therapeutic Substance for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Bull Exp Biol Med 2024:10.1007/s10517-024-06120-0. [PMID: 38954296 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-024-06120-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
In sexually mature male Wistar rats with modeled post-traumatic stress disorder, personalized characteristics of neurobiological reactions in the population of predator-induced stress-resilient and stress-susceptible heparinized animals were determined. Characteristics of the systemic response of immune mechanisms, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, behavioral manifestations, as well as basic properties of the CNS (excitation/inhibition) are presented. The study demonstrated encouraging positive results of the course administration of unfractionated heparin at a dose below the therapeutic and prophylactic doses. The inclusion of heparin drugs into the clinical practice for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder will not require large-scale clinical trials, because many effects of heparin as a nonspecific adaptogen are well studied. Moreover, these properties were confirmed at a higher technological level during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Kondashevskaya
- Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - K A Artemyeva
- Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Aleksankina
- Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
| | - L M Mikhaleva
- Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
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Rehman S, Faizan M, Ali NH, Gulati K, Ray A. Amelioration by Withania somnifera of neurobehavioural and immunological markers in time dependent sensitization induced post traumatic stress disorder in rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2024; 56:20-27. [PMID: 38454585 PMCID: PMC11001169 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_825_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex neuropsychiatric pathophysiology with an unmet need for safe, effective, and sustainable therapeutic modalities. Thus, the present study evaluated the effects of Withaniasomnifera (WS, Ashwagandha) on an experimental model of PTSD in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats (200-250 g) were used and time-dependent sensitization (TDS) was used as the experimental model of PTSD. Standardized WS root extract (100 and 300 mg/kg, p.o. for 15 days) was administered with TDS and their effects were observed on neurobehavioral (anxiety) and brain cytokines, corticosterone, and oxidative stress markers. RESULTS Exposure to TDS resulted in anxiogenic behavior in the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, i.e., reductions in open arm entries and open arm time, as compared to the control group. Pretreatment with WS extract (100 and 300 mg/kg × 14 days) attenuated the TDS-induced anxiogenic activity in a dose-related manner, and these WS effects were comparable to those seen after the comparator drug fluoxetine (10 mg/kg). Assay of brain homogenates showed that TDS also resulted in elevations in brain interleukin-6 and reduction in corticosterone levels in both the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC), which were reversed after WS pretreatments. Further, WS pretreatment also reversed the TDS-induced changes in brain oxidative stress markers, namely elevated malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione levels in both the hippocampus and PFC. CONCLUSION These results suggest that WS could have potential as a therapeutic agent for treating PTSD by attenuating anxiogenesis, neuroimmune axis activation, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Rehman
- Department of Pharmacology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Faizan
- Department of Pharmacology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Nafaa Hasan Ali
- Department of Pharmacology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Kavita Gulati
- Department of Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Arunabha Ray
- Department of Pharmacology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Zhao H, Zhou M, Liu Y, Jiang J, Wang Y. Recent advances in anxiety disorders: Focus on animal models and pathological mechanisms. Animal Model Exp Med 2023; 6:559-572. [PMID: 38013621 PMCID: PMC10757213 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders have become one of the most severe psychiatric disorders, and the incidence is increasing every year. They impose an extraordinary personal and socioeconomic burden. Anxiety disorders are influenced by multiple complex and interacting genetic, psychological, social, and environmental factors, which contribute to disruption or imbalance in homeostasis and eventually cause pathologic anxiety. The selection of a suitable animal model is important for the exploration of disease etiology and pathophysiology, and the development of new drugs. Therefore, a more comprehensive understanding of the advantages and limitations of existing animal models of anxiety disorders is helpful to further study the underlying pathological mechanisms of the disease. This review summarizes animal models and the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders, and discusses the current research status to provide insights for further study of anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqing Zhao
- Science & technology innovation centerHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Mi Zhou
- Science & technology innovation centerHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Yang Liu
- Science & technology innovation centerHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Jiaqi Jiang
- Science & technology innovation centerHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Yuhong Wang
- Science & technology innovation centerHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
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Woodward SH, Baldassarri SR, Pietrzak RH. Dog ownership may promote cardiometabolic health in U.S. military veterans. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11075. [PMID: 37422586 PMCID: PMC10329684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38038-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dog ownership has been associated with reduced cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in civilian epidemiological samples. Associations between dog ownership and cardiometabolic disease were examined in the 2019-2020 wave of the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Dog and cat ownership data were obtained from 3078 Veterans and cross-tabulated with self-reported, professionally diagnosed, heart disease, heart attack, stroke, high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol. In unadjusted tests, dog ownership was associated with lower rates of heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol, while cat ownership was not. Relative to non-owners, dog owners were younger, were more likely to screen positive for posttraumatic stress disorder and/or major depressive disorder, and more active. Binary logistic regression models of associations between dog ownership and cardiometabolic disease were adjusted for age, sex, trauma load, mood disorder, substance abuse, nicotine abuse, and exercise. After adjustment, dog ownership was still associated with lower odds of hypertension and high cholesterol. Dog ownership also interacted with exercise to lower odds of heart disease and attenuated the effect of trauma load on hypertension. Conversely, age interacted with dog ownership such that odds of diabetes and stroke were higher in older Veterans who owned dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven H Woodward
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
| | - Stephen R Baldassarri
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Program in Addiction Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- Clinical Neurosciences Division, National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, 950 Campbell Ave, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
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Woodward SH, Jamison AL, Gala S, Lawlor C, Villasenor D, Tamayo G, Puckett M. Heart Rate During Sleep in PTSD Patients: Moderation by Contact with a Service Dog. Biol Psychol 2023; 180:108586. [PMID: 37187229 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in the potential health benefits of dog ownership in both the lay and scientific communities. Large reductions in risk for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in dog owners relative to non-owners have been observed in epidemiological samples. Persons diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder exhibit elevated risk for cardiovascular disease. The current study tested a sample of 45 U.S. military veterans with deployment-related posttraumatic stress disorder employing an intensive, longitudinal, within-subjects design contrasting sleep heart rate on nights with and without a service dog. As participants were engaged in residential psychiatric treatment, sleep opportunities, waking activities, meals, and medications, were consistently scheduled. The primary recording methodology, mattress actigraphy, enabled passive quantification of heart rate over a total sample of 1097 nights. Service dog contact was associated with reduced sleep heart rate especially in participants with more severe PTSD. Longer-term longitudinal studies will be needed to assess the durability and asymptotic magnitude of this effect. An unexpected effect of nights in study was associated with increased heart rate consistent with hospitalization-associated deconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven H Woodward
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304.
| | - Andrea L Jamison
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Sasha Gala
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Catherine Lawlor
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Diana Villasenor
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Gisselle Tamayo
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Melissa Puckett
- Trauma Recovery Programs and Recreation Service, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System. 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304
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Zoladz PR, Del Valle CR, Goodman CS, Dodson JL, Smith IF, Elmouhawesse KM, Sparkman HR, Naylor MM, Hopson EP. Ketamine sex- and dose-dependently mitigates behavioral sequelae induced by a predator-based psychosocial stress model of post-traumatic stress disorder. Behav Brain Res 2022; 428:113895. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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