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Faig CA, Kim GHK, Do AD, Dworsky-Fried Z, Jackson J, Taylor AMW. Claustrum projections to the anterior cingulate modulate nociceptive and pain-associated behavior. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1987-1995.e4. [PMID: 38614081 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is critical for the perception and unpleasantness of pain.1,2,3,4,5,6 It receives nociceptive information from regions such as the thalamus and amygdala and projects to several cortical and subcortical regions of the pain neuromatrix.7,8 ACC hyperexcitability is one of many functional changes associated with chronic pain, and experimental activation of ACC pyramidal cells produces hypersensitivity to innocuous stimuli (i.e., allodynia).9,10,11,12,13,14 A less-well-studied projection to the ACC arises from a small forebrain region, the claustrum.15,16,17,18,19,20 Stimulation of excitatory claustrum projection neurons preferentially activates GABAergic interneurons, generating feed-forward inhibition onto excitatory cortical networks.21,22,23,24 Previous work has shown that claustrocingulate projections display altered activity in prolonged pain25,26,27; however, it remains unclear whether and how the claustrum participates in nociceptive processing and high-order pain behaviors. Inhibition of ACC activity reverses mechanical allodynia in animal models of persistent and neuropathic pain,1,9,28 suggesting claustrum inputs may function to attenuate pain processing. In this study, we sought to define claustrum function in acute and chronic pain. We found enhanced claustrum activity after a painful stimulus that was attenuated in chronic inflammatory pain. Selective inhibition of claustrocingulate projection neurons enhanced acute nociception but blocked pain learning. Inversely, chemogenetic activation of claustrocingulate neurons had no effect on basal nociception but rescued inflammation-induced mechanical allodynia. Together, these results suggest that claustrocingulate neurons are a critical component of the pain neuromatrix, and dysregulation of this connection may contribute to chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Faig
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, 8613 114 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 11315 87 Avenue NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Gloria H K Kim
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 11315 87 Avenue NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Alison D Do
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, 8613 114 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Zoë Dworsky-Fried
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, 8613 114 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Jesse Jackson
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 11315 87 Avenue NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, 8613 114 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
| | - Anna M W Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, 8613 114 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 11315 87 Avenue NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, 11315 87 Avenue NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, 8440 112 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada.
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Seçen AE, Akçalı DT, Dileköz E, Çağıl E, Divanlıoğlu D, Öcal Ö, Bolay Belen H. The influence of stereotaxic lesions of claustrum on motor movements and behaviour in rats. Somatosens Mot Res 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37969073 DOI: 10.1080/08990220.2023.2280563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to expand our existing information on changes in the regulation of motor movement and behaviour by investigating the effects of unilateral and bilateral lesions on the claustrum (CL). MATERIAL AND METHODS 36 Wistar Albino adult male rats were randomly divided into six groups. An electrical lesion was created with a constant current source in the unilateral and bilateral anterior clastrum using a stereotaxic frame in rats. The lesioned groups and the control group underwent an automatic behaviour recording device such as mobilisation, freezing, eating, drinking behaviour, grooming, turning, etc. behaviour was recorded and analysed. Simultaneously, ultrasonic sounds in rats were examined with ultrasonic sound recording program. Anxiety was then reassessed with the elevated plus maze test. Data were compared with the control group. Rats were eventually sacrificed and the brain tissue was post-fixed. Histochemical examination was done and lesions' existence was confirmed. RESULTS In this study, lesions of ventral of CL can cause increase in spontaneous behaviours such as freezing and rearing. And, it has been shown to cause a statistically significant change. In addition to the behavioural changes, right CL lesions have caused a significant increase in drinking behaviour associated with increased anxiety. All operated groups showed a significant decrease in clockwise and counterclockwise rotation movements. CONCLUSION Experimental results show that CL lesions influence spontaneous behaviour which indicate the need for new studies to understand the role of CL in anxiety-depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Eren Seçen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Healthy Science, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Didem Tuba Akçalı
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ergin Dileköz
- Department of Pharmacology, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emin Çağıl
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Healthy Science, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Denizhan Divanlıoğlu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Healthy Science, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özgür Öcal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Healthy Science, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Flores-García M, Rizzo A, Garçon-Poca MZ, Fernández-Dueñas V, Bonaventura J. Converging circuits between pain and depression: the ventral tegmental area as a therapeutic hub. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1278023. [PMID: 37849731 PMCID: PMC10577189 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1278023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain and depression are highly prevalent pathologies and cause a major socioeconomic burden to society. Chronic pain affects the emotional state of the individuals suffering from it, while depression worsens the prognosis of chronic pain patients and may diminish the effectiveness of pain treatments. There is a high comorbidity rate between both pathologies, which might share overlapping mechanisms. This review explores the evidence pinpointing a role for the ventral tegmental area (VTA) as a hub where both pain and emotional processing might converge. In addition, the feasibility of using the VTA as a possible therapeutic target is discussed. The role of the VTA, and the dopaminergic system in general, is highly studied in mood disorders, especially in deficits in reward-processing and motivation. Conversely, the VTA is less regarded where it concerns the study of central mechanisms of pain and its mood-associated consequences. Here, we first outline the brain circuits involving central processing of pain and mood disorders, focusing on the often-understudied role of the dopaminergic system and the VTA. Next, we highlight the state-of-the-art findings supporting the emergence of the VTA as a link where both pathways converge. Thus, we envision a promising part for the VTA as a putative target for innovative therapeutic approaches to treat chronic pain and its effects on mood. Finally, we emphasize the urge to develop and use animal models where both pain and depression-like symptoms are considered in conjunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montse Flores-García
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
- Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, IDIBELL-Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Arianna Rizzo
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
- Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, IDIBELL-Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Zelai Garçon-Poca
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
- Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, IDIBELL-Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Víctor Fernández-Dueñas
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
- Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, IDIBELL-Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Bonaventura
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
- Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, IDIBELL-Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
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Liaw YS, Augustine GJ. The claustrum and consciousness: An update. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2023; 23:100405. [PMID: 37701759 PMCID: PMC10493512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The seminal paper of Crick and Koch (2005) proposed that the claustrum, an enigmatic and thin grey matter structure that lies beside the insular cortex, may be involved in the processing of consciousness. As a result, this otherwise obscure structure has received ever-increasing interest in the search for neural correlates of consciousness. Here we review theories of consciousness and discuss the possible relationship between the claustrum and consciousness. We review relevant experimental evidence collected since the Crick and Koch (2005) paper and consider whether these findings support or contradict their hypothesis. We also explore how future experimental work can be designed to clarify how consciousness emerges from neural activity and to understand the role of the claustrum in consciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Siang Liaw
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - George J. Augustine
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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5
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Terem A, Fatal Y, Peretz-Rivlin N, Turm H, Koren SS, Kitsberg D, Ashwal-Fluss R, Mukherjee D, Habib N, Citri A. Claustral neurons projecting to frontal cortex restrict opioid consumption. Curr Biol 2023:S0960-9822(23)00737-6. [PMID: 37379841 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The synthetic opioid fentanyl is a major contributor to the current opioid addiction crisis. We report that claustral neurons projecting to the frontal cortex limit oral fentanyl self-administration in mice. We found that fentanyl transcriptionally activates frontal-projecting claustrum neurons. These neurons also exhibit a unique suppression of Ca2+ activity upon initiation of bouts of fentanyl consumption. Optogenetic stimulation of frontal-projecting claustral neurons, intervening in this suppression, decreased bouts of fentanyl consumption. In contrast, constitutive inhibition of frontal-projecting claustral neurons in the context of a novel, group-housed self-administration procedure increased fentanyl bout consumption. This same manipulation also sensitized conditioned-place preference for fentanyl and enhanced the representation of fentanyl experience in the frontal cortex. Together, our results indicate that claustrum neurons exert inhibitory control over frontal cortical neurons to restrict oral fentanyl intake. Upregulation of activity in the claustro-frontal projection may be a promising strategy for reducing human opioid addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Terem
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Yonatan Fatal
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Noa Peretz-Rivlin
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Hagit Turm
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Shahar Shohat Koren
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Danny Kitsberg
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Reut Ashwal-Fluss
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Diptendu Mukherjee
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Naomi Habib
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Ami Citri
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; Program in Child and Brain Development, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, MaRS Centre, West Tower, 661 University Avenue, Suite 505, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada.
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6
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Ayyildiz S, Velioglu HA, Ayyildiz B, Sutcubasi B, Hanoglu L, Bayraktaroglu Z, Yildirim S, Atasever A, Yulug B. Differentiation of claustrum resting-state functional connectivity in healthy aging, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:1741-1750. [PMID: 36515182 PMCID: PMC9921234 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The claustrum is a sheet-like of telencephalic gray matter structure whose function is poorly understood. The claustrum is considered a multimodal computing network due to its reciprocal connections with almost all cortical areas as well as subcortical structures. Although the claustrum has been involved in several neurodegenerative diseases, specific changes in connections of the claustrum remain unclear in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Resting-state fMRI and T1-weighted structural 3D images from healthy elderly (n = 15), AD (n = 16), and PD (n = 12) subjects were analyzed. Seed-based FC analysis was performed using CONN FC toolbox and T1-weighted images were analyzed with the Computational Anatomy Toolbox for voxel-based morphometry analysis. While we observed a decreased FC between the left claustrum and sensorimotor cortex, auditory association cortex, and cortical regions associated with social cognition in PD compared with the healthy control group (HC), no significant difference was found in alterations in the FC of both claustrum comparing the HC and AD groups. In the AD group, high FC of claustrum with regions of sensorimotor cortex and cortical regions related to cognitive control, including cingulate gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, and insular cortex were demonstrated. In addition, the structural results show significantly decreased volume in bilateral claustrum in AD and PD compared with HC. There were no significant differences in the claustrum volumes between PD and AD groups so the FC may offer more precise findings in distinguishing changes for claustrum in AD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevilay Ayyildiz
- Anatomy PhD Program, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Halil Aziz Velioglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Functional Imaging and Cognitive-Affective Neuroscience Lab (fINCAN), Health Sciences and Technology Research Institute (SABITA), Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Behcet Ayyildiz
- Anatomy PhD Program, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bernis Sutcubasi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lutfu Hanoglu
- Functional Imaging and Cognitive-Affective Neuroscience Lab (fINCAN), Health Sciences and Technology Research Institute (SABITA), Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zubeyir Bayraktaroglu
- Functional Imaging and Cognitive-Affective Neuroscience Lab (fINCAN), Health Sciences and Technology Research Institute (SABITA), Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Istanbul Medipol University, International School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Yildirim
- Department of Medical Microbiology, International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alper Atasever
- Istanbul Medipol University, International School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burak Yulug
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey
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7
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Wang Q, Wang Y, Kuo HC, Xie P, Kuang X, Hirokawa KE, Naeemi M, Yao S, Mallory M, Ouellette B, Lesnar P, Li Y, Ye M, Chen C, Xiong W, Ahmadinia L, El-Hifnawi L, Cetin A, Sorensen SA, Harris JA, Zeng H, Koch C. Regional and cell-type-specific afferent and efferent projections of the mouse claustrum. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112118. [PMID: 36774552 PMCID: PMC10415534 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The claustrum (CLA) is a conspicuous subcortical structure interconnected with cortical and subcortical regions. Its regional anatomy and cell-type-specific connections in the mouse remain not fully determined. Using multimodal reference datasets, we confirmed the delineation of the mouse CLA as a single group of neurons embedded in the agranular insular cortex. We quantitatively investigated brain-wide inputs and outputs of CLA using bulk anterograde and retrograde viral tracing data and single neuron tracing data. We found that the prefrontal module has more cell types projecting to the CLA than other cortical modules, with layer 5 IT neurons predominating. We found nine morphological types of CLA principal neurons that topographically innervate functionally linked cortical targets, preferentially the midline cortical areas, secondary motor area, and entorhinal area. Together, this study provides a detailed wiring diagram of the cell-type-specific connections of the mouse CLA, laying a foundation for studying its functions at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxin Wang
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Yun Wang
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Hsien-Chi Kuo
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Peng Xie
- Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiuli Kuang
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | | | - Maitham Naeemi
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Shenqin Yao
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Matt Mallory
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Ben Ouellette
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Phil Lesnar
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Yaoyao Li
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Min Ye
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Chao Chen
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | | | | | - Ali Cetin
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Julie A Harris
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Hongkui Zeng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Christof Koch
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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8
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Fang C, Wang H, Naumann RK. Developmental Patterning and Neurogenetic Gradients of Nurr1 Positive Neurons in the Rat Claustrum and Lateral Cortex. Front Neuroanat 2021; 15:786329. [PMID: 34924965 PMCID: PMC8675902 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2021.786329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The claustrum is an enigmatic brain structure thought to be important for conscious sensations. Recent studies have focused on gene expression patterns, connectivity, and function of the claustrum, but relatively little is known about its development. Interestingly, claustrum-enriched genes, including the previously identified marker Nurr1, are not only expressed in the classical claustrum complex, but also embedded within lateral neocortical regions in rodents. Recent studies suggest that Nurr1 positive neurons in the lateral cortex share a highly conserved genetic expression pattern with claustrum neurons. Thus, we focus on the developmental progression and birth dating pattern of the claustrum and Nurr1 positive neurons in the lateral cortex. We comprehensively investigate the expression of Nurr1 at various stages of development in the rat and find that Nurr1 expression first appears as an elongated line along the anterior-posterior axis on embryonic day 13.5 (E13.5) and then gradually differentiates into multiple sub-regions during prenatal development. Previous birth dating studies of the claustrum have led to conflicting results, therefore, we combine 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) labeling with in situ hybridization for Nurr1 to study birth dating patterns. We find that most dorsal endopiriform (DEn) neurons are born on E13.5 to E14.5. Ventral claustrum (vCL) and dorsal claustrum (dCL) are mainly born on E14.5 to E15.5. Nurr1 positive cortical deep layer neurons (dLn) and superficial layer neurons (sLn) are mainly born on E14.5 to E15.5 and E15.5 to E17.5, respectively. Finally, we identify ventral to dorsal and posterior to anterior neurogenetic gradients within vCL and DEn. Thus, our findings suggest that claustrum and Nurr1 positive neurons in the lateral cortex are born sequentially over several days of embryonic development and contribute toward charting the complex developmental pattern of the claustrum in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert Konrad Naumann
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
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9
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Miya K, Keino-Masu K, Okada T, Kobayashi K, Masu M. Expression of Heparan Sulfate Endosulfatases in the Adult Mouse Brain: Co-expression of Sulf1 and Dopamine D1/D2 Receptors. Front Neuroanat 2021; 15:726718. [PMID: 34489650 PMCID: PMC8417564 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2021.726718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The heparan sulfate 6-O-endosulfatases, Sulfatase 1 (Sulf1), and Sulfatase 2 (Sulf2), are extracellular enzymes that regulate cellular signaling by removing 6-O-sulfate from the heparan sulfate chain. Although previous studies have revealed that Sulfs are essential for normal development, their functions in the adult brain remain largely unknown. To gain insight into their neural functions, we used in situ hybridization to systematically examine Sulf1/2 mRNA expression in the adult mouse brain. Sulf1 and Sulf2 mRNAs showed distinct expression patterns, which is in contrast to their overlapping expression in the embryonic brain. In addition, we found that Sulf1 was distinctly expressed in the nucleus accumbens shell, the posterior tail of the striatum, layer 6 of the cerebral cortex, and the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus, all of which are target areas of dopaminergic projections. Using double-labeling techniques, we showed that Sulf1-expressing cells in the above regions coincided with cells expressing the dopamine D1 and/or D2 receptor. These findings implicate possible roles of Sulf1 in modulation of dopaminergic transmission and dopamine-mediated behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Miya
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazuko Keino-Masu
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takuya Okada
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kenta Kobayashi
- Section of Viral Vector Development, Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Masayuki Masu
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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