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Fukuda T, Tominaga T, Tominaga Y, Kanayama H, Kato N, Yoshimura H. Alternative strategy for driving voltage-oscillator in neocortex of rats. Neurosci Res 2023; 191:28-37. [PMID: 36642104 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Information integration in the brain requires functional connectivity between local neural networks. Here, we investigated the interregional coupling mechanism from the viewpoint of oscillations using optical recording methods. Low-frequency electrical stimulation of rat neocortical slices in a caffeine-containing medium induced oscillatory activity between the primary visual cortex (Oc1) and medial secondary visual cortex (Oc2M), in which the oscillation generator was located in the Oc2M and was triggered by a feedforward signal. During to-and-fro oscillatory activity, neural excitation was marked in layer II/III. When the upper layer was disrupted between Oc1 and Oc2M, feedforward signals could propagate through the deep layer and switch on the oscillator in the Oc2M. When the lower layer was disrupted between Oc1 and Oc2M, feedforward signals could propagate through the upper layer and switch on the oscillator in the Oc2M. In the backward direction, neither the upper layer cut nor the lower layer cut disrupted the propagation of the oscillations. In all cases, the horizontal and vertical pathways were used as needed. Fluctuations in the oscillatory waveforms of the local field potential at the upper and lower layers in the Oc2M were reversed, suggesting that the oscillation originated between the two layers. Thus, the neocortex may work as a safety device for interregional communications in an alternative way to drive voltage oscillators in the neocortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Fukuda
- Department of Molecular Oral Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Takashi Tominaga
- Institute of Neuroscience, Tokushima Bunri University, Shido, Kagawa 769-2123, Japan
| | - Yoko Tominaga
- Institute of Neuroscience, Tokushima Bunri University, Shido, Kagawa 769-2123, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kanayama
- Department of Molecular Oral Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kato
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-cho, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshimura
- Department of Molecular Oral Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
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2
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Szeszko PR, Gohel S, Vaccaro DH, Chu KW, Tang CY, Goldstein KE, New AS, Siever LJ, McClure M, Perez-Rodriguez MM, Haznedar MM, Byne W, Hazlett EA. Frontotemporal thalamic connectivity in schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2022; 322:111463. [PMID: 35240516 PMCID: PMC9018622 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2022.111463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) resembles schizophrenia, but with attenuated brain abnormalities and the absence of psychosis. The thalamus is integral for processing and transmitting information across cortical regions and widely implicated in the neurobiology of schizophrenia. Comparing thalamic connectivity in SPD and schizophrenia could reveal an intermediate schizophrenia-spectrum phenotype to elucidate neurobiological risk and protective factors in psychosis. We used rsfMRI to investigate functional connectivity between the mediodorsal nucleus (MDN) and pulvinar, and their connectivity with frontal and temporal cortical regions, respectively in 43 healthy controls (HCs), and individuals in the schizophrenia-spectrum including 45 psychotropic drug-free individuals with SPD, and 20 individuals with schizophrenia-related disorders [(schizophrenia (n = 10), schizoaffective disorder (n = 8), schizophreniform disorder (n = 1) and psychosis NOS (n = 1)]. Individuals with SPD had greater functional connectivity between the MDN and pulvinar compared to individuals with schizophrenia. Thalamo-frontal (i.e., between the MDN and rostral middle frontal cortex) connectivity was comparable in SPD and HCs; in SPD greater connectivity was associated with less symptom severity. Individuals with schizophrenia had less thalamo-frontal connectivity and thalamo-temporal (i.e., pulvinar to the transverse temporal cortex) connectivity compared with HCs. Thalamo-frontal functional connectivity may be comparable in SPD and HCs, but abnormal in schizophrenia, and that this may be protective against psychosis in SPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R Szeszko
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; Mental Health Patient Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Suril Gohel
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Daniel H Vaccaro
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - King-Wai Chu
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cheuk Y Tang
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kim E Goldstein
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
| | - Antonia S New
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Larry J Siever
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margaret McClure
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychology, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT, USA
| | | | - M Mehmet Haznedar
- Mental Health Patient Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - William Byne
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erin A Hazlett
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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3
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Dynamics of task-induced modulation of spontaneous brain activity and functional connectivity in the triple resting-state networks assessed using the visual oddball paradigm. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246709. [PMID: 34735449 PMCID: PMC8568109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The default mode network (DMN), the salience network (SN), and the central executive network (CEN) are considered as the core resting-state brain networks (RSN) due to their involvement in a wide range of cognitive tasks. Despite the large body of knowledge related to their regional spontaneous activity (RSA) and functional connectivity (FC) of these networks, less is known about the dynamics of the task-associated modulation on these parameters and the task-induced interaction between these three networks. We have investigated the effects of the visual-oddball paradigm on three fMRI measures (amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations for RSA, regional homogeneity for local FC, and degree centrality for global FC) in these three core RSN. A rest-task-rest paradigm was used and the RSNs were identified using independent component analysis (ICA) on the resting-state data. The observed patterns of change differed noticeably between the networks and were tightly associated with the task-related brain activity and the distinct involvement of the networks in the performance of the single subtasks. Furthermore, the inter-network analysis showed an increased synchronization of CEN with the DMN and the SN immediately after the task, but not between the DMN and SN. Higher pre-task inter-network synchronization between the DMN and the CEN was associated with shorter reaction times and thus better performance. Our results provide some additional insights into the dynamics within and between the triple RSN. Further investigations are required in order to understand better their functional importance and interplay.
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Bacon EJ, Jin C, He D, Hu S, Wang L, Li H, Qi S. Epileptogenic Zone Localization in Refractory Epilepsy by FDG-PET: The Comparison of SPM and SPM-CAT With Different Parameter Settings. Front Neurol 2021; 12:724680. [PMID: 34690915 PMCID: PMC8529991 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.724680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Refractory epilepsy is a complex case of epileptic disease. The quantitative analysis of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) images complements visual assessment and helps localize the epileptogenic zone (EZ) for better curative treatment. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) and its computational anatomy toolbox (SPM-CAT) are two commonly applied tools in neuroimaging analysis. This study compares SPM and SPM-CAT with different parameters to find the optimal approach for localizing EZ in refractory epilepsy. The current study enrolled 45 subjects, including 25 refractory epilepsy patients and 20 healthy controls. All of the 25 patients underwent surgical operations. Pathological results and the postoperative outcome evaluation by the Engel scale were likewise presented. SPM and SPM-CAT were used to assess FDG-PET images with three different uncorrected p-values and the corresponding cluster sizes (k), as in voxels in the cluster, namely p < 0.0002, k > 25; p < 0.001, k > 100; p < 0.005, and k > 200. When combining three settings, SPM and SPM-CAT yielded overall positive finding scores of 96.0% (24/25) and 100.0% (25/25) respectively. However, for the individual setting, SPM-CAT achieved the diverse positive finding scores of 96.0% (24/25), 96.0% (24/25), and 88.0% (22/24), which are higher than those of SPM [88.0% (22/25), 76.0% (19/25), and 72.0% (18/25)]. SPM and SPM-CAT localized EZ correctly with 28.0% (7/25) and 64.0% (16/25), respectively. SPM-CAT with parameter settings p < 0.0002 and k > 25 yielded a correct localization at 56.0% (14/25), which is slightly higher than that for the other two settings (48.0 and 20.0%). Moderate concordance was found between the confirmed and pre-surgical EZs, identified by SPM-CAT (kappa value = 0.5). Hence, SPM-CAT is more efficient than SPM in localizing EZ for refractory epilepsy by quantitative analysis of FDG-PET images. SPM-CAT with the setting of p < 0.0002 and k > 25 might perform as an objective complementary tool to the visual assessment for EZ localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Jacob Bacon
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chaoyang Jin
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dianning He
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuaishuai Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lanbo Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shouliang Qi
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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Zarnowski O, Ziton S, Holmberg R, Musto S, Riegle S, Van Antwerp E, Santos-Nunez G. Functional MRI findings in personality disorders: A review. J Neuroimaging 2021; 31:1049-1066. [PMID: 34468063 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Personality disorders (PDs) have a prevalence of approximately 10% in the United States, translating to over 30 million people affected in just one country. The true prevalence of these disorders may be even higher, as the paucity of objective diagnostic criteria could be leading to underdiagnosis. Because little is known about the underlying neuropathologies of these disorders, patients are diagnosed using subjective criteria and treated nonspecifically. To better understand the neural aberrancies responsible for these patients' symptoms, a review of functional MRI literature was performed. The findings reveal that each PD is characterized by a unique set of activation changes corresponding to individual structures or specific neural networks. While unique patterns of neural activity are distinguishable within each PD, aberrations of the limbic/paralimbic structures and default mode network are noted across several of them. In addition to identifying valuable activation patterns, this review reveals a void in research pertaining to paranoid, schizoid, histrionic, narcissistic, and dependent PDs. By delineating patterns in PD neuropathology, we can more effectively direct future research efforts toward enhancing objective diagnostic techniques and developing targeted treatment modalities. Furthermore, understanding why patients are manifesting certain symptoms can advance clinical awareness and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Zarnowski
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Shirley Ziton
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Rylan Holmberg
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Sarafina Musto
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Sean Riegle
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Emily Van Antwerp
- West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, West Virginia, USA
| | - Gabriela Santos-Nunez
- University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Radiology Department, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Veselinović T, Rajkumar R, Amort L, Junger J, Shah NJ, Fimm B, Neuner I. Connectivity Patterns in the Core Resting-State Networks and Their Influence on Cognition. Brain Connect 2021; 12:334-347. [PMID: 34182786 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2020.0943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Three prominent resting-state networks (rsNW) (default mode network [DMN], salience network [SN], and central executive network [CEN]) are recognized for their important role in several neuropsychiatric conditions. However, our understanding of their relevance in terms of cognition remains insufficient. Materials and Methods: In response, this study aims at investigating the patterns of different network properties (resting-state activity [RSA] and short- and long-range functional connectivity [FC]) in these three core rsNWs, as well as the dynamics of age-associated changes and their relation to cognitive performance in a sample of healthy controls (N = 74) covering a large age span (20-79 years). Using a whole-network based approach, three measures were calculated from the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data: amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and degree of network centrality (DC). The cognitive test battery covered the following domains: memory, executive functioning, processing speed, attention, and visual perception. Results: For all three fMRI measures (ALFF, ReHo, and DC), the highest values of spontaneous brain activity (ALFF), short- and long-range connectivity (ReHo, DC) were observed in the DMN and the lowest in the SN. Significant age-associated decrease was observed in the DMN for ALFF and DC, and in the SN for ALFF and ReHo. Significant negative partial correlations were observed for working memory and ALFF in all three networks, as well as for additional cognitive parameters and ALFF in CEN. Discussion: Our results show that higher RSA in the three core rsNWs may have an unfavorable effect on cognition. Conversely, the pattern of network properties in healthy subjects included low RSA and FC in the SN. This complements previous research related to the three core rsNW and shows that the chosen approach can provide additional insight into their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Veselinović
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ravichandran Rajkumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | | | - Jessica Junger
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nadim Jon Shah
- JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 11, INM-11, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bruno Fimm
- JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Irene Neuner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
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7
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Jin C, Qi S, Teng Y, Li C, Yao Y, Ruan X, Wei X. Integrating Structural and Functional Interhemispheric Brain Connectivity of Gait Freezing in Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2021; 12:609866. [PMID: 33935931 PMCID: PMC8081966 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.609866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Freezing of gait (FOG) has devastating consequences for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), but the underlying pathophysiological mechanism is unclear. This was investigated in the present study by integrated structural and functional connectivity analyses of PD patients with or without FOG (PD FOG+ and PD FOG-, respectively) and healthy control (HC) subjects. We performed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging of 24 PD FOG+ patients, 37 PD FOG- patients, and 24 HCs. Tract-based spatial statistics was applied to identify white matter (WM) abnormalities across the whole brain. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of abnormal WM areas were compared among groups, and correlations between these parameters and clinical severity as determined by FOG Questionnaire (FOGQ) score were analyzed. Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) was calculated to identify brain regions with abnormal interhemispheric connectivity. Structural and functional measures were integrated by calculating correlations between VMHC and FOGQ score and between FA, MD, and VMHC. The results showed that PD FOG+ and PD FOG- patients had decreased FA in the corpus callosum (CC), cingulum (hippocampus), and superior longitudinal fasciculus and increased MD in the CC, internal capsule, corona radiata, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and thalamus. PD FOG+ patients had more WM abnormalities than PD FOG- patients. FA and MD differed significantly among the splenium, body, and genu of the CC in all three groups (P < 0.05). The decreased FA in the CC was positively correlated with FOGQ score. PD FOG+ patients showed decreased VMHC in the post-central gyrus (PCG), pre-central gyrus, and parietal inferior margin. In PD FOG+ patients, VMHC in the PCG was negatively correlated with FOGQ score but positively correlated with FA in CC. Thus, FOG is associated with impaired interhemispheric brain connectivity measured by FA, MD, and VMHC, which are related to clinical FOG severity. These results demonstrate that integrating structural and functional MRI data can provide new insight into the pathophysiological mechanism of FOG in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Jin
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shouliang Qi
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yueyang Teng
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Li
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yudong Yao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, United States
| | - Xiuhang Ruan
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Wei
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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QIN DONGXUE, QIAN HAOTIAN, QI SHOULIANG, TENG YUEYANG, WU JIANLIN. ANALYSIS OF RS-FMRI IMAGES CLARIFIES BRAIN ALTERATIONS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS WITH COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT. J MECH MED BIOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519421400157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) increases the risk of cognitive impairment (CI); however, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are still not well understood. We propose to clarify the altered spontaneous brain activity and functional connectivity implicated in CI of T2DM by analyzing resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data. Totally 22 T2DM patients with cognitive impairment (T2DM-CI) and 31 T2DM patients with normal cognition (T2DM-NC) are included in this study. The whole brain amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) value, regional homogeneity (ReHo) value and functional connectivity (FC) analysis using posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) as a seed region are investigated through comparison between groups of T2DM-CI and T2DM-NC. It is found that, compared with T2DM-NC, T2DM-CI demonstrates the decreased ALFF in the regions of precuneus, posterior cingulate gyrus, middle occipital gyrus and left superior/middle frontal gyrus, but the increased ALFF in the left middle frontal gyrus and left superior temporal gyrus. In T2DM-CI, ReHo decreases in bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus, right precuneus, right inferior frontal gyrus, but increases in the middle frontal gyrus and right superior occipital gyrus. Higher FC between PCC and bilateral inferior parietal lobule and right middle/inferior frontal gyrus, lower FC between PCC and bilateral precuneus and right superior frontal gyrus are observed in T2DM-CI group. Compared with T2DM-NC, patients with T2DM-CI have presented altered ALFF, ReHo and FC in and between important brain regions. The observed alterations are thought to be implicated with cognitive impairment of T2DM as the potential imaging pathophysiological basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- DONGXUE QIN
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - HAOTIAN QIAN
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - SHOULIANG QI
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - YUEYANG TENG
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - JIANLIN WU
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
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Attademo L, Bernardini F, Verdolini N. Neural Correlates of Schizotypal Personality Disorder: a Systematic Review of Neuroimaging and EEG Studies. Curr Med Imaging 2021; 17:1283-1298. [PMID: 33459241 DOI: 10.2174/1573405617666210114142206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) is a cluster A personality disorder affecting 1.0% of general population, characterised by disturbances in cognition and reality testing dimensions, affect regulation, and interpersonal function. SPD shares similar but attenuated phenomenological, genetic, and neurobiological abnormalities with schizophrenia (SCZ) and is described as part of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. OBJECTIVE Aim of this work was to identify the major neural correlates of SPD. METHODS This is a systematic review conducted according to PRISMA statement. The protocol was prospectively registered in PROSPERO - International prospective register of systematic reviews. The review was performed to summarise the most comprehensive and updated evidence on functional neuroimaging and neurophysiology findings obtained through different techniques (DW-MRI, DTI, PET, SPECT, fMRI, MRS, EEG) in individuals with SPD. RESULTS Of the 52 studies included in this review, 9 were on DW-MRI and DTI, 11 were on PET and SPECT, 11 were on fMRI and MRS, and 21 were on EEG. It was complex to synthesise all the functional abnormalities found into a single, unified, pathogenetic pathway, but a common theme emerged: the dysfunction of brain circuits including striatal, frontal, temporal, limbic regions (and their networks) together with a dysregulation along the dopaminergic pathways. CONCLUSION Brain abnormalities in SPD are similar, but less marked, than those found in SCZ. Furthermore, different patterns of functional abnormalities in SPD and SCZ have been found, confirming the previous literature on the 'presence' of possible compensatory factors, protecting individuals with SPD from frank psychosis and providing diagnostic specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Attademo
- Hospital Psychiatric Service for Diagnosis and Care (S.P.D.C.) of Potenza, Department of Mental Health, ASP Basilicata, Italian National Health Service, Potenza. Italy
| | - Francesco Bernardini
- Hospital Psychiatric Service for Diagnosis and Care (S.P.D.C.) of Pordenone, Department of Mental Health, AsFO Friuli Occidentale, Italian National Health Service, Pordenone. Italy
| | - Norma Verdolini
- Barcelona Bipolar Disorders Program, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170 Villarroel st., Barcelona, Catalunya. Spain
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10
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Jiang H, Cao P, Xu M, Yang J, Zaiane O. Hi-GCN: A hierarchical graph convolution network for graph embedding learning of brain network and brain disorders prediction. Comput Biol Med 2020; 127:104096. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.104096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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Faragó P, Tóth E, Kocsis K, Kincses B, Veréb D, Király A, Bozsik B, Tajti J, Párdutz Á, Szok D, Vécsei L, Szabó N, Kincses ZT. Altered Resting State Functional Activity and Microstructure of the White Matter in Migraine With Aura. Front Neurol 2019; 10:1039. [PMID: 31632336 PMCID: PMC6779833 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Brain structure and function were reported to be altered in migraine. Importantly our earlier results showed that white matter diffusion abnormalities and resting state functional activity were affected differently in the two subtypes of the disease, migraine with and without aura. Resting fluctuation of the BOLD signal in the white matter was reported recently. The question arising whether the white matter activity, that is strongly coupled with gray matter activity is also perturbed differentially in the two subtypes of the disease and if so, is it related to the microstructural alterations of the white matter. Methods: Resting state fMRI, 60 directional DTI images and high-resolution T1 images were obtained from 51 migraine patients and 32 healthy volunteers. The images were pre-processed and the white matter was extracted. Independent component analysis was performed to obtain white matter functional networks. The differential expression of the white matter functional networks in the two subtypes of the disease was investigated with dual-regression approach. The Fourier spectrum of the resting fMRI fluctuations were compared between groups. Voxel-wise correlation was calculated between the resting state functional activity fluctuations and white matter microstructural measures. Results: Three white matter networks were identified that were expressed differently in migraine with and without aura. Migraineurs with aura showed increased functional connectivity and amplitude of BOLD fluctuation. Fractional anisotropy and radial diffusivity showed strong correlation with the expression of the frontal white matter network in patients with aura. Discussion: Our study is the first to describe changes in white matter resting state functional activity in migraine with aura, showing correlation with the underlying microstructure. Functional and structural differences between disease subtypes suggest at least partially different pathomechanism, which may necessitate handling of these subtypes as separate entities in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Faragó
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Excellent Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Eszter Tóth
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Excellent Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Excellent Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bálint Kincses
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Excellent Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dániel Veréb
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Excellent Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Király
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Excellent Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Bence Bozsik
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Excellent Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Tajti
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Excellent Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Árpád Párdutz
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Excellent Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Délia Szok
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Excellent Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Vécsei
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Excellent Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,MTA-SZTE, Neuroscience Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nikoletta Szabó
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Excellent Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Zsigmond Tamás Kincses
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Excellent Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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