1
|
Raza C, Mohsin S, Faheem M, Hanif U, Alkhathlan HZ, Shaik MR, Riaz HA, Anjum R, Jurrat H, Khan M. In Vivo Study of Moringa oleifera Seed Extracts as Potential Sources of Neuroprotection against Rotenone-Induced Neurotoxicity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1479. [PMID: 38891288 PMCID: PMC11175126 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a leading neurodegenerative disorder affecting 1-3 percent of the elderly population. Oxidative stress is the primary factor for the neurodegeneration of Substantia Nigra (SN). The current study aims to assess the seed extracts of Moringa oleifera (MO) on rotenone-mediated motor function impairments in a PD mouse model. For this purpose, two different seed extracts of MO were prepared, including aqueous MO (AqMO) and ethanolic MO (EthMO). Male Swiss albino mice were grouped into five groups. Mice received 2.5 mg/kg rotenone for 21 consecutive days, and control mice received the vehicle. Extract-treated mice received 200 mg/kg AqMO and EthMO separately, orally and daily for 28 days. Sinemet-treated mice received 20 mg/kg, oral dose, as a positive group. The motor function performance was evaluated using standard neurobehavioral tests. The antioxidant potentials of MO seed extracts were estimated by lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) activities in mice brain homogenates. The PD mice brain SN sections were investigated for neurodegeneration. MO seed extract-treated mice showed a significant reduction in motor dysfunction compared to rotenone-treated mice as assessed through the open field, beam walk, pole climb-down, tail suspension, stride length and stepping tests. Increased antioxidant capacities of the PD mice brains of MO extract-administered groups were observed compared to the control. A histological study showed reduced signs of neurodegeneration, vacuolation around multipolar cells and cytoplasmic shrinkage in MO extract-treated mice SN brain sections. Collectively, MO seed extracts protected the animals from locomotor deficits induced by rotenone, possibly through antioxidant means, and seem to have potential applications in neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chand Raza
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Mohsin
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mehwish Faheem
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Hanif
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hamad Z. Alkhathlan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (H.Z.A.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Mohammed Rafi Shaik
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (H.Z.A.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Hasib Aamir Riaz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Rabia Anjum
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Husna Jurrat
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Merajuddin Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (H.Z.A.); (M.R.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Litwiniuk A, Juszczak GR, Stankiewicz AM, Urbańska K. The role of glial autophagy in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4528-4539. [PMID: 37679471 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02242-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Although Alzheimer's disease is the most pervasive neurodegenerative disorder, the mechanism underlying its development is still not precisely understood. Available data indicate that pathophysiology of this disease may involve impaired autophagy in glial cells. The dysfunction is manifested as reduced ability of astrocytes and microglia to clear abnormal protein aggregates. Consequently, excessive accumulation of amyloid beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles activates microglia and astrocytes leading to decreased number of mature myelinated oligodendrocytes and death of neurons. These pathologic effects of autophagy dysfunction can be rescued by pharmacological activation of autophagy. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in autophagy dysfunction in glial cells in Alzheimer's disease may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies. However, such strategies need to take into consideration differences in regulation of autophagy in different types of neuroglia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Litwiniuk
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Mazovia, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Roman Juszczak
- Department of Animal Behavior and Welfare, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Mazovia, Poland
| | - Adrian Mateusz Stankiewicz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Mazovia, Poland.
| | - Kaja Urbańska
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Mazovia, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang P, Lu Y, Li Y, Wang K, An H, Tan Y. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in schizophrenia with tardive dyskinesia: a preliminary study. Genes Genomics 2023; 45:1317-1328. [PMID: 37414911 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01414-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tardive dyskinesia (TD) develops in 20-30% of schizophrenia patients and up to 50% in patients > 50 years old. DNA methylation may play an important role in the development of TD. OBJECTIVE DNA methylation analyses in schizophrenia with TD. METHODS We conducted a genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in schizophrenia with TD using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation coupled with next-generation sequencing (MeDIP-Seq) in a Chinese sample including five schizophrenia patients with TD and five without TD (NTD), and five healthy controls. The results were expressed as the log2FC, fold change of normalized tags between two groups within the differentially methylated region (DMR). For validation, the pyrosequencing was used to quantify DNA methylation levels of several methylated genes in an independent sample (n = 30). RESULTS Through genome-wide MeDIP-Seq analysis, we identified 116 genes that were significantly differentially methylated in promotor regions in comparison of TD group with NTD group including 66 hypermethylated genes (top 4 genes are GABRR1, VANGL2, ZNF534, and ZNF746) and 50 hypomethylated genes (top 4 genes are DERL3, GSTA4, KNCN, and LRRK1). Part of these genes (such as DERL3, DLGAP2, GABRR1, KLRG2, LRRK1, VANGL2, and ZP3) were previously reported to be associated with methylation in schizophrenia. Gene Ontology enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses identified several pathways. So far, we have confirmed the methylation of 3 genes (ARMC6, WDR75, and ZP3) in schizophrenia with TD using pyrosequencing. CONCLUSIONS This study identified number of methylated genes and pathways for TD and will provide potential biomarkers for TD and serve as a resource for replication in other populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, 100096, China
| | - Yongke Lu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA
| | - Yanli Li
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, 100096, China
| | - Kesheng Wang
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Office 6419, Post Office Box 9600, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
| | - Huimei An
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, 100096, China
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, 100096, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang J, Li C, Shang H. Astrocytes in Neurodegeneration: Inspiration From Genetics. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:882316. [PMID: 35812232 PMCID: PMC9268899 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.882316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the discovery of numerous molecules and pathologies, the pathophysiology of various neurodegenerative diseases remains unknown. Genetics participates in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. Neural dysfunction, which is thought to be a cell-autonomous mechanism, is insufficient to explain the development of neurodegenerative disease, implying that other cells surrounding or related to neurons, such as glial cells, are involved in the pathogenesis. As the primary component of glial cells, astrocytes play a variety of roles in the maintenance of physiological functions in neurons and other glial cells. The pathophysiology of neurodegeneration is also influenced by reactive astrogliosis in response to central nervous system (CNS) injuries. Furthermore, those risk-gene variants identified in neurodegenerations are involved in astrocyte activation and senescence. In this review, we summarized the relationships between gene variants and astrocytes in four neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and Parkinson’s disease (PD), and provided insights into the implications of astrocytes in the neurodegenerations.
Collapse
|
5
|
Vitalakumar D, Sharma A, Flora SJS. Ferroptosis: A potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22830. [PMID: 34047408 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly identified regulated form of cell death, which is thought to play a major role in neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss recent studies elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation and execution of ferroptotic cell death and also its role in the brain. Ferroptosis is regulated mainly via iron homeostasis, glutathione metabolism, and lipid peroxidation. Ferroptotic cell death and pro-ferroptotic factors are correlated with the etiopathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Ferroptosis and etiological factors act synergistically in PD and AD pathogenesis. Furthermore, several preclinical and clinical studies targeting ferroptosis in PD and AD have also shown positive results. Evidence of ferroptosis in the brain thus gives new insights into understanding neurodegenerative diseases. Ferroptosis studies in the brain are still in their infancy, but the existing pieces of evidence suggest a strong correlation between ferroptotic cell death and neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, ferroptosis might be a promising target for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Vitalakumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow, India
| | - Ankita Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow, India
| | - Swaran J S Flora
- Department of Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hayashi J, Ton J, Negi S, Stephens DEKM, Pountney DL, Preiss T, Carver JA. The Effect of Oxidized Dopamine on the Structure and Molecular Chaperone Function of the Small Heat-Shock Proteins, αB-Crystallin and Hsp27. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073700. [PMID: 33918165 PMCID: PMC8037807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidation of the neurotransmitter, dopamine (DA), is a pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Oxidized DA forms adducts with proteins which can alter their functionality. αB-crystallin and Hsp27 are intracellular, small heat-shock molecular chaperone proteins (sHsps) which form the first line of defense to prevent protein aggregation under conditions of cellular stress. In vitro, the effects of oxidized DA on the structure and function of αB-crystallin and Hsp27 were investigated. Oxidized DA promoted the cross-linking of αB-crystallin and Hsp27 to form well-defined dimer, trimer, tetramer, etc., species, as monitored by SDS-PAGE. Lysine residues were involved in the cross-links. The secondary structure of the sHsps was not altered significantly upon cross-linking with oxidized DA but their oligomeric size was increased. When modified with a molar equivalent of DA, sHsp chaperone functionality was largely retained in preventing both amorphous and amyloid fibrillar aggregation, including fibril formation of mutant (A53T) α-synuclein, a protein whose aggregation is associated with autosomal PD. In the main, higher levels of sHsp modification with DA led to a reduction in chaperone effectiveness. In vivo, DA is sequestered into acidic vesicles to prevent its oxidation and, intracellularly, oxidation is minimized by mM levels of the antioxidant, glutathione. In vitro, acidic pH and glutathione prevented the formation of oxidized DA-induced cross-linking of the sHsps. Oxidized DA-modified αB-crystallin and Hsp27 were not cytotoxic. In a cellular context, retention of significant chaperone functionality by mildly oxidized DA-modified sHsps would contribute to proteostasis by preventing protein aggregation (particularly of α-synuclein) that is associated with PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junna Hayashi
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia; (J.H.); (J.T.); (S.N.); (D.E.K.M.S.)
| | - Jennifer Ton
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia; (J.H.); (J.T.); (S.N.); (D.E.K.M.S.)
| | - Sparsh Negi
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia; (J.H.); (J.T.); (S.N.); (D.E.K.M.S.)
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Daniel E. K. M. Stephens
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia; (J.H.); (J.T.); (S.N.); (D.E.K.M.S.)
| | - Dean L. Pountney
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Australia;
| | - Thomas Preiss
- Department of Genome Sciences, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia;
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - John A. Carver
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia; (J.H.); (J.T.); (S.N.); (D.E.K.M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-6125-9748
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bjørklund G, Peana M, Maes M, Dadar M, Severin B. The glutathione system in Parkinson's disease and its progression. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 120:470-478. [PMID: 33068556 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Redox dysfunctions and neuro-oxidative stress play a major role in the pathophysiology and progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). Glutathione (GSH) and the reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio are lowered in oxidative stress conditions and may lead to increased oxidative toxicity. GSH is involved not only in neuro-immune and neuro-oxidative processes, including thiol redox signaling, but also in cell proliferation and differentiation and in the regulation of cell death, including apoptotic pathways. Lowered GSH metabolism and a low GSH/GSSG ratio following oxidative stress are associated with mitochondrial dysfunctions and constitute a critical factor in the neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes accompanying PD. This review provides indirect evidence that GSH redox signaling is associated with the pathophysiology of PD. Nevertheless, it has not been delineated whether GSH redox imbalances are a causative factor in PD or whether PD-associated pathways cause the GSH redox imbalances in PD. The results show that antioxidant approaches, including neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory agents, which neutralize reactive oxygen species, may have therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of PD and its progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | | | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Impact Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Beatrice Severin
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Peña-Bautista C, Vento M, Baquero M, Cháfer-Pericás C. Lipid peroxidation in neurodegeneration. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 497:178-188. [PMID: 31377127 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases have great social and economic impact and cause millions of deaths every year. The potential molecular mechanisms in these pathologies have been widely studied and implicate lipid peroxidation as an important factor in the development of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases. Data indicates that pathologic mechanisms specifically involve ferroptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. Here we review the molecular mechanisms related to the lipid peroxidation that involve the development of neurodegeneration, as well as the utility of some biomarkers in diagnosis, prognosis and evaluation of new therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Máximo Vento
- Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Baquero
- Division of Neurology, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|