1
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Liu H, Qu N, Gonzalez NV, Palma MA, Chen H, Xiong J, Choubey A, Li Y, Li X, Yu M, Liu H, Tu L, Zhang N, Yin N, Conde KM, Wang M, Bean JC, Han J, Scarcelli NA, Yang Y, Saito K, Cui H, Tong Q, Sun Z, Wang C, Cai X, Lu L, He Y, Xu Y. A Light-Responsive Neural Circuit Suppresses Feeding. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e2192232024. [PMID: 38897723 PMCID: PMC11270527 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2192-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Light plays an essential role in a variety of physiological processes, including vision, mood, and glucose homeostasis. However, the intricate relationship between light and an animal's feeding behavior has remained elusive. Here, we found that light exposure suppresses food intake, whereas darkness amplifies it in male mice. Interestingly, this phenomenon extends its reach to diurnal male Nile grass rats and healthy humans. We further show that lateral habenula (LHb) neurons in mice respond to light exposure, which in turn activates 5-HT neurons in the dorsal Raphe nucleus (DRN). Activation of the LHb→5-HTDRN circuit in mice blunts darkness-induced hyperphagia, while inhibition of the circuit prevents light-induced anorexia. Together, we discovered a light-responsive neural circuit that relays the environmental light signals to regulate feeding behavior in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030 .
| | - Na Qu
- Research Center for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan 430012, China .
- Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan 430012, China
- Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430012, China
- Research Center for Psychological and Health Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430012, China
- Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430012, China
| | | | - Marco A Palma
- Human Behavior Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Huamin Chen
- Research Center for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan 430012, China
- Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan 430012, China
- Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430012, China
| | - Jiani Xiong
- Research Center for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan 430012, China
- Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan 430012, China
- Research Center for Psychological and Health Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430012, China
| | - Abhinav Choubey
- Department of Medicine-Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Yongxiang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Medicine-Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Meng Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Hesong Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Longlong Tu
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Na Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Kristine Marie Conde
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Mengjie Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Jonathan Carter Bean
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Junying Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Nikolas Anthony Scarcelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Yongjie Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Kenji Saito
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Huxing Cui
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
- F.O.E. Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Qingchun Tong
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Zheng Sun
- Department of Medicine-Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Xing Cai
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Li Lu
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yang He
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030 .
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
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2
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Pavlou IA, Spandidos DA, Zoumpourlis V, Papakosta VK. Neurobiology of bruxism: The impact of stress (Review). Biomed Rep 2024; 20:59. [PMID: 38414628 PMCID: PMC10895390 DOI: 10.3892/br.2024.1747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Bruxism is a non-functional involuntary muscle activity that affects more than one-third of the population at some point in their lives. A number of factors have been found to be related to the etiopathogenesis of bruxism; therefore, the condition is considered multifactorial. The most commonly accepted factor is stress. Stress has long been considered to increase muscle tone and to reduce the pain threshold. Current evidence indicates that exposure to chronic stress, distress and allostatic load ignite neurological degeneration and the attenuation of critical neuronal pathways that are highly implicated in the orofacial involuntary muscle activity. The present review discusses the negative effects that chronic stress exerts on certain parts of the central nervous system and the mechanisms through which these changes are involved in the etiopathogenesis of bruxism. The extent of these morphological and functional changes on nerves and neuronal tracts provides valuable insight into the obstacles that need to be overcome in order to achieve successful treatment. Additionally, particular emphasis is given on the effects of bruxism on the central nervous system, particularly the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, as this subsequently induces an increase in circulating corticosterone levels, also evidenced by increased levels of salivary cortisol, thereby transforming bruxism into a self-reinforcing loop.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vassilis Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Veronica K Papakosta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Attikon, 12462 Athens, Greece
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3
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Hassan HM, El-Gamal R, Hamed WHE, Habotta OA, Samy M, Elmowafy R, ElNashar EM, Alghamdi MA, Aldahhan RA, Al-Khater KM, Alshehri MA, Ahmed ME. Potential role for vitamin D vs. intermittent fasting in controlling aquaporin-1 and aquaporin-3 expression in HFD-induced urinary bladder alterations in rats. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 10:1306523. [PMID: 38357327 PMCID: PMC10866000 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1306523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: High-fat diet-induced obesity is linked to suppression of aquaporins (AQPs) expression in different tissues. Both vitamin D and intermittent fasting were identified to enhance AQPs expression. In the urinary bladder, AQP-1 and AQP-3 mRNA transcripts were identified. Vitamin D has an impact on a variety of genes that encode proteins that control cell proliferation, differentiation, and death. Aim: To assess potential benefits of vitamin D and intermittent fasting (IF) and to explore alterations to the urinary bladder triggered by high-fat diet (HFD) in a rat model of obesity. Methods: Each of the 4 groups contained six adult male albino rats; control: a standard rodent chew for 12 weeks, HFD: HFD and fructose were administered orally via gastric gavage for 12 weeks, and vitamin D: HFD and fructose were administered orally for 8 weeks, then 4 weeks of intraperitoneal injection of vitamin D (5 microns/Kg/2 days) and IF group: Received intraperitoneal injections of vitamin D (5 microns/Kg/2 days) for 4 weeks after consumption of HFD and fructose orally for 8 weeks. The serum lipid profile was conducted at end of the experiment. In the bladder homogenates, the levels of oxidative stress indicators were assessed. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed on recently collected bladder samples. AQP-1 and AQP-3 immunohistochemistry was done. Results: When compared to the HFD group, the vitamin D and IF groups both demonstrated a substantial improvement in histopathological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and molecular markers. Conclusion: In all examined parameters, IF exceeded vitamin D as a preventive factor for the urinary bladder deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend M. Hassan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, New Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Randa El-Gamal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Medical Experimental Research Centre (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Walaa. H. E. Hamed
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University and New Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ola Ali Habotta
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mervat Samy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rasha Elmowafy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eman Mohamed ElNashar
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Abdullah Alghamdi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Genomics and Personalized Medicine Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid A. Aldahhan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khulood Mohammed Al-Khater
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Alshehri
- Nephrology Section, Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magda E. Ahmed
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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4
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Pavlou IA, Spandidos DA, Zoumpourlis V, Adamaki M. Nutrient insufficiencies and deficiencies involved in the pathogenesis of bruxism (Review). Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:563. [PMID: 37954114 PMCID: PMC10632959 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress has been well-documented to have a significant role in the etiopathogenesis of bruxism. Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) and subsequent release of corticosteroids lead to increased muscle activity. Neurological studies have demonstrated that chronic stress exposure induces neurodegeneration of important neuronal structures and destabilization of the mesocortical dopaminergic pathway. These disruptions impair the abilities to counteract the overactivity of the HPA axis and disinhibit involuntary muscle activity, while at the same time, there is activation of the amygdala. Recent evidence shows that overactivation of the amygdala under stressful stimuli causes rhythmic jaw muscle activity by over activating the mesencephalic and motor trigeminal nuclei. The present review aimed to discuss the negative effects of certain vitamin and mineral deficiencies, such as vitamin D, magnesium, and omega-3 fatty acids, on the central nervous system. It provides evidence on how such insufficiencies may increase stress sensitivity and neuromuscular excitability and thereby reduce the ability to effectively respond to the overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system, and also how stress can in turn lead to these insufficiencies. Finally, the positive effects of individualized supplementation are discussed in the context of diminishing anxiety and oxidative stress, neuroprotection and in the reversal of neurodegeneration, and also in alleviating/reducing neuromuscular symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vassilis Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Adamaki
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
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5
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Wang XY, Xu X, Chen R, Jia WB, Xu PF, Liu XQ, Zhang Y, Liu XF, Zhang Y. The thalamic reticular nucleus-lateral habenula circuit regulates depressive-like behaviors in chronic stress and chronic pain. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113170. [PMID: 37738124 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress and chronic pain are two major predisposing factors to trigger depression. Enhanced excitatory input to the lateral habenula (LHb) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. However, the contribution of inhibitory transmission remains unclear. Here, we dissect an inhibitory projection from the sensory thalamic reticular nucleus (sTRN) to the LHb, which is activated by acute aversive stimuli. However, chronic restraint stress (CRS) weakens sTRN-LHb synaptic strength, and this synaptic attenuation is indispensable for CRS-induced LHb neural hyperactivity and depression onset. Moreover, artificially inhibiting the sTRN-LHb circuit induces depressive-like behaviors in healthy mice, while enhancing this circuit relieves depression induced by both chronic stress and chronic pain. Intriguingly, neither neuropathic pain nor comorbid mechanical hypersensitivity in chronic stress is affected by this pathway. Altogether, our study demonstrates an sTRN-LHb circuit in establishing and modulating depression, thus shedding light on potential therapeutic targets for preventing or managing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Wen-Bin Jia
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xin-Feng Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China.
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6
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Huang L, Chen X, Tao Q, Wang X, Huang X, Fu Y, Yang Y, Deng S, Lin S, So KF, Song X, Ren C. Bright light treatment counteracts stress-induced sleep alterations in mice, via a visual circuit related to the rostromedial tegmental nucleus. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002282. [PMID: 37676855 PMCID: PMC10484455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Light in the environment greatly impacts a variety of brain functions, including sleep. Clinical evidence suggests that bright light treatment has a beneficial effect on stress-related diseases. Although stress can alter sleep patterns, the effect of bright light treatment on stress-induced sleep alterations and the underlying mechanism are poorly understood. Here, we show that bright light treatment reduces the increase in nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep induced by chronic stress through a di-synaptic visual circuit consisting of the thalamic ventral lateral geniculate nucleus and intergeniculate leaflet (vLGN/IGL), lateral habenula (LHb), and rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg). Specifically, chronic stress causes a marked increase in NREM sleep duration and a complementary decrease in wakefulness time in mice. Specific activation of RMTg-projecting LHb neurons or activation of RMTg neurons receiving direct LHb inputs mimics the effects of chronic stress on sleep patterns, while inhibition of RMTg-projecting LHb neurons or RMTg neurons receiving direct LHb inputs reduces the NREM sleep-promoting effects of chronic stress. Importantly, we demonstrate that bright light treatment reduces the NREM sleep-promoting effects of chronic stress through the vLGN/IGL-LHb-RMTg pathway. Together, our results provide a circuit mechanism underlying the effects of bright light treatment on sleep alterations induced by chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Huang
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Tao
- Psychology Department, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunwei Fu
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijie Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Song Lin
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xingrong Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoran Ren
- Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou, China
- Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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7
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Gong L, Cheng F, Li X, Wang Z, Wang S, Xu R, Zhang B, Xi C. Abnormal functional connectivity in the habenula is associated with subjective hyperarousal state in chronic insomnia disorder. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1119595. [PMID: 37588671 PMCID: PMC10426801 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1119595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The hyperarousal process model plays a central role in the physiology of chronic insomnia disorder (CID). Recent evidence has demonstrated that the habenula is involved in the arousal and sleep-wake cycle. However, whether the intrinsic habenular functional network contributes to the underlying mechanism of CID and its relationship to the arousal state in CID remains unclear. Methods This single-centered study included 34 patients with subjective CID and 22 matched good sleep control (GSC), and underwent a series of neuropsychological tests and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. The habenular functional network was assessed using seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis. The subjective arousal state was evaluated with the hyperarousal scale (HAS). Alterations in the habenular FC network and their clinical significance in patients with CID were explored. Results Compared with the GSC group, the CID group showed decreased habenular FC in the left caudate nucleus and right inferior parietal lobule and increased FC in the right habenula, bilateral calcarine cortex, and posterior cingulate cortex. The decreased FC between the left habenula and caudate nucleus was associated with an increased arousal state in the CID group. Conclusion The present results provide evidence for a dysfunctional habenular network in patients with CID. These findings extend our understanding of the neuropathological mechanisms underlying the hyperarousal model in chronic insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gong
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ronghua Xu
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunhua Xi
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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8
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Gouveia FV, Baker PM, Mameli M, Germann J. Editorial: The Habenula and Its Role in Neuropsychiatric Symptoms. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:929507. [PMID: 35685273 PMCID: PMC9172991 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.929507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Venetucci Gouveia
- Neuroscience and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Flavia Venetucci Gouveia
| | | | - Manuel Mameli
- The Department of Fundamental Neuroscience, The University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- INSERM, UMR-S 839, Paris, France
| | - Jurgen Germann
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Jurgen Germann
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9
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Jung H, Lee H, Kim D, Cheong E, Hyun YM, Yu JW, Um JW. Differential Regional Vulnerability of the Brain to Mild Neuroinflammation Induced by Systemic LPS Treatment in Mice. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:3053-3063. [PMID: 35645573 PMCID: PMC9140139 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s362006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeji Jung
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Korea
| | - Hyojeong Lee
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Korea
| | - Eunji Cheong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Young-Min Hyun
- Department of Anatomy and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Je-Wook Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Ji Won Um
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Korea
- Correspondence: Ji Won Um, Email
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10
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Wang Y, Wang H, Sun W, Miao J, Liang W, Qiu X, Lan Y, Pan C, Li G, Zhao X, Zhu Z, Zhu S. Higher Concentration of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Predicts Post-Stroke Depression. Clin Interv Aging 2022; 17:417-427. [PMID: 35411137 PMCID: PMC8994598 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s356361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Post-stroke depression (PSD) is the most common neuropsychiatric complication after stroke, seriously affecting the quality of survivors’ life. As one of the important causes of PSD, neuroendocrine mechanism has been widely studied in recent years. The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) on admission and PSD at 3 months. Methods This is a hospital-based prospective cohort study, which was conducted at three independent hospitals (Tongji Hospital, Wuhan First Hospital and Wuhan Central Hospital) between August 2018 and June 2019. A total of 768 ischemic stroke patients were finally eligible for analysis and categorized into equal tertiles according to the distribution of ACTH and the number of patients. The χ2-test, Mann–Whitney U-test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to check for statistical significance. And restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression model was used to explore the non-linear relationship between continuous ACTH levels and PSD at 3 months. Results The optimal cut-off points of ACTH were as follows: (T1) 0.32–20.55 pg/mL, (T2) 20.56–39.79 pg/mL, (T3) 39.80–143.40 pg/mL. A total of 305 patients (39.7%) were diagnosed as PSD at 3 months follow-up. Significant differences were found between the PSD and non-PSD groups in ACTH concentration (P = 0.001). After adjustment for all conventional confounders, the odds ratios of PSD were 1.735 (95% CI = 1.176–2.560, P = 0.005) for the highest tertile of ACTH and 1.496 (95% CI = 1.019–2.194, P = 0.040) for the middle tertile of ACTH, as compared with the lowest tertile. In multiple-adjusted RCS regression, continuous ACTH showed saturation effect relation with PSD risk after 31.02 pg/mL (P for nonlinear = 0.0143). Conclusion Higher ACTH level on admission is a significant and independent biomarker to predict the development of PSD at 3 months follow-up. Besides, saturation effect was revealed even if the underlying mechanism is unclear. For stroke patients, doctors should pay attention to the baseline ACTH for screening high-risk PSD in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Medical Affairs, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenzhe Sun
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Miao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Liang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Lan
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chensheng Pan
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guo Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhou Zhu; Suiqiang Zhu, Tel +86 18171081029; +86 13035101141, Fax +86 27-83663337, Email ;
| | - Suiqiang Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Ogawa S, Parhar IS. Functions of habenula in reproduction and socio-reproductive behaviours. Front Neuroendocrinol 2022; 64:100964. [PMID: 34793817 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Habenula is an evolutionarily conserved structure in the brain of vertebrates. Recent reports have drawn attention to the habenula as a processing centre for emotional decision-making and its role in psychiatric disorders. Emotional decision-making process is also known to be closely associated with reproductive conditions. The habenula receives innervations from reproductive centres within the brain and signals from key reproductive neuroendocrine regulators such as gonadal sex steroids, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and kisspeptin. In this review, based on morphological, biochemical, physiological, and pharmacological evidence we discuss an emerging role of the habenula in reproduction. Further, we discuss the modulatory role of reproductive endocrine factors in the habenula and their association with socio-reproductive behaviours such as mating, anxiety and aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ogawa
- Brain Research Institute, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ishwar S Parhar
- Brain Research Institute, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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12
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Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation (DNAm) have been associated with stress responses and increased vulnerability to depression. Abnormal DNAm is observed in stressed animals and depressed individuals. Antidepressant treatment modulates DNAm levels and regulates gene expression in diverse tissues, including the brain and the blood. Therefore, DNAm could be a potential therapeutic target in depression. Here, we reviewed the current knowledge about the involvement of DNAm in the behavioural and molecular changes associated with stress exposure and depression. We also evaluated the possible use of DNAm changes as biomarkers of depression. Finally, we discussed current knowledge limitations and future perspectives.
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13
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Liu H, Rastogi A, Narain P, Xu Q, Sabanovic M, Alhammadi AD, Guo L, Cao JL, Zhang H, Aqel H, Mlambo V, Rezgui R, Radwan B, Chaudhury D. Blunted diurnal firing in lateral habenula projections to dorsal raphe nucleus and delayed photoentrainment in stress-susceptible mice. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3000709. [PMID: 33690628 PMCID: PMC7984642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Daily rhythms are disrupted in patients with mood disorders. The lateral habenula (LHb) and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) contribute to circadian timekeeping and regulate mood. Thus, pathophysiology in these nuclei may be responsible for aberrations in daily rhythms during mood disorders. Using the 15-day chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) paradigm and in vitro slice electrophysiology, we measured the effects of stress on diurnal rhythms in firing of LHb cells projecting to the DRN (cellsLHb→DRN) and unlabeled DRN cells. We also performed optogenetic experiments to investigate if increased firing in cellsLHb→DRN during exposure to a weak 7-day social defeat stress (SDS) paradigm induces stress-susceptibility. Last, we investigated whether exposure to CSDS affected the ability of mice to photoentrain to a new light–dark (LD) cycle. The cellsLHb→DRN and unlabeled DRN cells of stress-susceptible mice express greater blunted diurnal firing compared to stress-näive (control) and stress-resilient mice. Daytime optogenetic activation of cellsLHb→DRN during SDS induces stress-susceptibility which shows the direct correlation between increased activity in this circuit and putative mood disorders. Finally, we found that stress-susceptible mice are slower, while stress-resilient mice are faster, at photoentraining to a new LD cycle. Our findings suggest that exposure to strong stressors induces blunted daily rhythms in firing in cellsLHb→DRN, DRN cells and decreases the initial rate of photoentrainment in susceptible-mice. In contrast, resilient-mice may undergo homeostatic adaptations that maintain daily rhythms in firing in cellsLHb→DRN and also show rapid photoentrainment to a new LD cycle. Daily rhythms are disrupted in patients suffering from mood disorders, and it is known that the lateral habenula and dorsal raphe nucleus contribute to circadian timekeeping and regulate mood. This study shows that stress-susceptible mice have blunted and inverted diurnal firing rhythms in lateral habenula cells that project to the dorsal raphe nucleus, and have a slow rate of photoentrainment to a new light cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Liu
- The Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology & Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, The Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ashutosh Rastogi
- The Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Priyam Narain
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qing Xu
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Merima Sabanovic
- The Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Lihua Guo
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jun-Li Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hala Aqel
- The Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vongai Mlambo
- The Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rachid Rezgui
- The Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Basma Radwan
- The Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dipesh Chaudhury
- The Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- * E-mail:
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14
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Liu C, Liu J, Zhou L, He H, Zhang Y, Cai S, Yuan C, Luo T, Zheng J, Yu T, Zhang M. Lateral Habenula Glutamatergic Neurons Modulate Isoflurane Anesthesia in Mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:628996. [PMID: 33746711 PMCID: PMC7969819 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.628996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their introduction in the 1840s, one of the largest mysteries of modern anesthesia are how general anesthetics create the state of reversible loss of consciousness. Increasing researchers have shown that neural pathways that regulate endogenous sleep–wake systems are also involved in general anesthesia. Recently, the Lateral Habenula (LHb) was considered as a hot spot for both natural sleep–wake and propofol-induced sedation; however, the role of the LHb and related pathways in the isoflurane-induced unconsciousness has yet to be identified. Here, using real-time calcium fiber photometry recordings in vivo, we found that isoflurane reversibly increased the activity of LHb glutamatergic neurons. Then, we selectively ablated LHb glutamatergic neurons in Vglut2-cre mice, which caused a longer induction time and less recovery time along with a decrease in delta-band power in mice under isoflurane anesthesia. Furthermore, using a chemogenetic approach to specifically activate LHb glutamatergic neurons shortened the induction time and prolonged the recovery time in mice under isoflurane anesthesia with an increase in delta-band power. In contrast, chemogenetic inhibition of LHb glutamatergic neurons was very similar to the effects of selective lesions of LHb glutamatergic neurons. Finally, optogenetic activation of LHb glutamatergic neurons or the synaptic terminals of LHb glutamatergic neurons in the rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg) produced a hypnosis-promoting effect in isoflurane anesthesia with an increase in slow wave activity. Our results suggest that LHb glutamatergic neurons and pathway are vital in modulating isoflurane anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Organ Protection, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Junxiao Liu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Organ Protection, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Organ Protection, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Haifeng He
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Organ Protection, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Organ Protection, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shuang Cai
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Organ Protection, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Chengdong Yuan
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Tianyuan Luo
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Organ Protection, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jijian Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Yu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Organ Protection, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Mazhong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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15
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Activation of proprotein convertase in the mouse habenula causes depressive-like behaviors through remodeling of extracellular matrix. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:442-454. [PMID: 32942293 PMCID: PMC7852607 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-00843-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The lateral habenula (LHb) attracts a growing interest as a regulator of monoaminergic activity which were frequently reported to be defective in depression. Here we found that chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LHb associated with mobilization of monocytes and remodeling of extracellular matrix by increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. RNA-seq analysis identified proprotein convertase Pcsk5 as an upstream regulator of MMP activation, with upregulation in LHb neurons of mice with susceptibility to CSDS. PCSK5 facilitated motility of microglia in vitro by converting inactive pro-MMP14 and pro-MMP2 to their active forms, highlighting its role in mobilization of microglia and monocytes in neuroinflammation. Suppression of Pcsk5 expression via small interfering RNA (siRNA) ameliorated depressive-like behaviors and pathological mobilization of monocytes in mice with susceptibility to CSDS. PCSK5-MMPs signaling pathway could be a target for development of the antidepressants targeting the inflammatory response in specific brain regions implicated in depression.
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16
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Time is of the essence: Coupling sleep-wake and circadian neurobiology to the antidepressant effects of ketamine. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 221:107741. [PMID: 33189715 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of ketamine in rapidly alleviating depression and suicidal ideation. Intense research efforts have been undertaken to expose the precise mechanism underlying the antidepressant action of ketamine; however, the translation of findings into new clinical treatments has been slow. This translational gap is partially explained by a lack of understanding of the function of time and circadian timing in the complex neurobiology around ketamine. Indeed, the acute pharmacological effects of a single ketamine treatment last for only a few hours, whereas the antidepressant effects peak at around 24 hours and are sustained for the following few days. Numerous studies have investigated the acute and long-lasting neurobiological changes induced by ketamine; however, the most dramatic and fundamental change that the brain undergoes each day is rarely taken into consideration. Here, we explore the link between sleep and circadian regulation and rapid-acting antidepressant effects and summarize how diverse phenomena associated with ketamine's antidepressant actions - such as cortical excitation, synaptogenesis, and involved molecular determinants - are intimately connected with the neurobiology of wake, sleep, and circadian rhythms. We review several recently proposed hypotheses about rapid antidepressant actions, which focus on sleep or circadian regulation, and discuss their implications for ongoing research. Considering these aspects may be the last piece of the puzzle necessary to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of rapid-acting antidepressants on the brain.
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17
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Liu H, Rastogi A, Sabanovic M, Alhammadi AD, Xu Q, Guo L, Cao J, Zhang H, Narain P, Aqel H, Mlambo V, Rezgui R, Radwan B, Chaudhury D. Blunted Diurnal Firing in Lateral Habenula Projections to Dorsal Raphe Nucleus and Delayed Photoentrainment in Stress-Susceptible Mice.. [DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.19.998732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTDaily rhythms are disrupted in patients suffering from mood disorders. The lateral habenula (LHb) and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) contribute to circadian timekeeping and regulate mood. Thus, pathophysiology in these nuclei may be responsible for aberrations in daily rhythms during mood disorders. Using the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) paradigm and in-vitro slice electrophysiology we measured the effects of stress on diurnal rhythms in firing of LHb cells projecting to the DRN (cellsLHb→DRN) and DRN cells alone. We also performed optogenetic experiments to investigate if increased firing in cellsLHb→DRN during exposure to subthreshold social defeat stress (SSDS), induces stress-susceptibility. Last we investigated whether exposure to CSDS affected the ability of mice to phototentrain to a new LD cycle. The cellsLHb→DRN and DRN cells alone of stress-susceptible mice express greater blunted diurnal firing compared to stress-naive (control) and stress-resilient mice. Day-time optogenetic activation of cellsLHb→DRN during SSDS induces stress-susceptibility which shows the direct correlation between increased activity in this circuit and putative mood disorders. Finally, we found that stress-susceptible mice are slower, while stress-resilient mice are faster, at photoentraining to a new LD cycle. Our findings suggest that CSDS induces blunted daily rhythms in firing in cellsLHb→DRN and slow rate of photoentrainment in susceptible-mice. In contrast, resilientmice may undergo homeostatic adaptations that maintain daily rhythms in firing in cellsLHb→DRN and also show rapid photoentrainment to a new LD-cycle.
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18
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Nozaki K, Ito H, Ohgidani M, Yamawaki Y, Sahin EH, Kitajima T, Katsumata S, Yamawaki S, Kato TA, Aizawa H. Antidepressant effect of the translocator protein antagonist ONO-2952 on mouse behaviors under chronic social defeat stress. Neuropharmacology 2020; 162:107835. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Aizawa H, Zhu M. Toward an understanding of the habenula's various roles in human depression. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019; 73:607-612. [PMID: 31131942 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The habenula is an evolutionarily conserved structure in the vertebrate brain. Lesion and electrophysiological studies in animals have suggested that it is involved in the regulation of monoaminergic activity through projection to the brain stem nuclei. Since studies in animal models of depression and human functional imaging have indicated that increased activity of the habenula is associated with depressive phenotypes, this structure has attracted a surge of interest in neuroscience research. According to pathway- and cell-type-specific dissection of habenular function in animals, we have begun to understand how the heterogeneity of the habenula accounts for alteration of diverse physiological functions in depression. Indeed, recent studies have revealed that the subnuclei embedded in the habenula show a wide variety of molecular profiles not only in neurons but also in glial cells implementing the multifaceted regulatory mechanism for output from the habenula. In this review, we overview the known facts on mediolateral subdivision in the habenular structure, then discuss heterogeneity of the habenular structure from the anatomical and functional viewpoint to understand its emerging role in diverse neural functions relevant to depressive phenotypes. Despite the prevalent use of antidepressants acting on monoamine metabolisms, ~30% of patients with major depression are reported to be treatment-resistant. Thus, cellular mechanisms deciphering such diversity in depressive symptoms would be a promising candidate for the development of new antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Aizawa
- Department of Neurobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Meina Zhu
- Department of Neurobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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20
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Liu X, Zhou KX, Yin NN, Zhang CK, Shi MH, Zhang HY, Wang DM, Xu ZJ, Zhang JD, Li JL, Wang MQ. Malocclusion Generates Anxiety-Like Behavior Through a Putative Lateral Habenula-Mesencephalic Trigeminal Nucleus Pathway. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:174. [PMID: 31427925 PMCID: PMC6689965 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malocclusion is an important risk factor for temporomandibular disorder (TMD), a series of disorders characterized by dysfunction in the orofacial region involving the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and jaw muscles. We recently showed that experimental unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) produced masseter hyperactivity through a circuit involving the periodontal proprioception, trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Vme), and trigeminal motor nucleus (Vmo). Anxiety is a common complication in patients with TMD. The lateral habenula (LHb) is involved in emotional modulation and has direct projections to the Vme. Therefore, the present research examined whether UAC facilitates excitatory input from the LHb to the Vme and, subsequently, anxiety-like behaviors in rats. The LHb activation was evaluated by the electrophysiological recording, assessment of vesicular glutamate transporter-2 (VGLUT2) mRNA expression, and measurement of anxiety-like behaviors. The effects of LHb activity on Vme were evaluated by electrophysiological recording from Vme neurons and local changes in VGLUT2 protein density. UAC produced anxiety in modeled rats and increased neuronal activity in the LHb. VGLUT2 mRNA expression was also increased in the LHb. Further, VGLUT2-positive boutons were observed in close apposite upon parvalbumin (PV)-labeled Vme neurons. VGLUT2 protein expression was also increased in the Vme. Significantly, injection of VGLUT2-targeted shRNA into the LHb reduced the expression of VGLUT2 protein in the Vme, attenuated UAC-associated anxiety-like behaviors, and attenuated electrophysiological changes in the Vme neurons. In conclusion, we show that UAC activates the LHb neurons as well as the periodontal proprioceptive pathway to provide excitatory input to the Vme and produce anxiety in rats. These findings provide a rationale for suppressing activity of the LHb to attenuate both the physical and psychological effects of TMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Stomatology, The 960th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Jinan, China
| | - Kai-Xiang Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan-Nan Yin
- Department of Stomatology, The 960th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Jinan, China
| | - Chun-Kui Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming-Hong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dong-Mei Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zi-Jun Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jing-Dong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jin-Lian Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mei-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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21
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Shen XF, Yuan HB, Wang GQ, Xue H, Liu YF, Zhang CX. Role of DNA hypomethylation in lateral habenular nucleus in the development of depressive-like behavior in rats. J Affect Disord 2019; 252:373-381. [PMID: 30999094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lateral habenula nucleus (LHb) has recently been noted for its role in stress-induced depressive disorder. Yet little is known about the mechanisms by which external stimuli or depression induces pathological alteration in the LHb. METHODS Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was employed to model depressive-like behaviors in adult rats. We examined expressions of DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts) mRNA and protein and global DNA methylation levels in LHb of CUMS-induced depressive rats. Then 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza), a Dnmts inhibitor, was infused into the LHb of native rats to test the effects of hypomethylation in the LHb. The gene expressions in the LHb and the levels of 5-HT and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) were examined in 5-aza infusion rats by quantitative real-time PCR and high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. RESULTS Rats were exposed to CUMS for 21 days and depressive-like behaviors were induced as expected. We observed significant decrease in mRNA and protein expressions of Dnmt1 and DNA hypomethylation in LHb of depressive rats. These phenomenon suggests that CUMS-induced depressive-like behaviors are related with DNA hypomethylation in the LHb. Local 5-aza infusion into LHb of native rat resulted in global DNA hypomethylation in the LHb and induced depressive-like behaviors which are featured with lack of interest and investment in the environment, behavioral despair and anhedonia. Moreover, DNA hypomethylation in the LHb increased transcription of β calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II and glutamate receptor 1 in the LHb and attenuated the levels of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in the DRN. Our data suggested that alteration of DNA methylation in the LHb may control 5-HT neuronal activity in the DRN to regulate emotional state. CONCLUSIONS DNA hypomethylation in the LHb is involved in the development of depressive-like behavior and suitable methylation state contributes to the emotional stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Feng Shen
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Hai-Bo Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Hui Xue
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yong-Feng Liu
- Department of Molecular Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
| | - Chun-Xiao Zhang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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22
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Circadian neurogenetics of mood disorders. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 377:81-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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Pesarico AP, Bueno-Fernandez C, Guirado R, Gómez-Climent MÁ, Curto Y, Carceller H, Nacher J. Chronic Stress Modulates Interneuronal Plasticity: Effects on PSA-NCAM and Perineuronal Nets in Cortical and Extracortical Regions. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:197. [PMID: 31133813 PMCID: PMC6524695 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress has an important impact on the adult brain. However, most of the knowledge on its effects is focused on principal neurons and less on inhibitory neurons. Consequently, recent reports have begun to describe stress-induced alterations in the structure, connectivity and neurochemistry of interneurons. Some of these changes appear to be mediated by certain molecules particularly associated to interneurons, such as the polysialylated form of the neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) and components of the perineuronal nets (PNN), specialized regions of the extracellular matrix. These plasticity-related molecules modulate interneuronal structure and connectivity, particularly of parvalbumin expressing basket interneurons, both during development and adult life. These inhibitory neurons are specially affected after chronic stress and in some stress-related disorders, in which the expression of PSA-NCAM and certain components of PNN are also altered. For these reasons we have decided to study PSA-NCAM, PNN and parvalbumin expressing interneurons after 10 days of chronic restraint stress, a time point in which its behavioral consequences are starting to appear. We have focused initially on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), basolateral amygdala (BLA) and hippocampus, regions affected by stress and stress-related psychiatric diseases, but we have also explored the habenula and the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) due to the important presence of PNN and their relationship with certain disorders. PSA-NCAM expression was increased by stress in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare of CA1. Increases in parvalbumin immunoreactive cells were detected in the mPFC and the BLA, but were not accompanied by increases in the number of parvalbumin expressing perisomatic puncta on the somata of principal neurons. The number of PNN was also increased in the mPFC and the habenula, although habenular PNN were not associated to parvalbumin cells. Increased expression of parvalbumin and components of PNN were also detected in the TRN after chronic restraint stress, revealing for the first time substantial effects on this region. Our study shows that, even a short chronic stress protocol, can induce consistent changes in interneuronal plasticity-related molecules in cortical and extracortical regions, which may represent initial responses of inhibitory circuits to counteract the effects of this aversive experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Pesarico
- Neurobiology Unit, Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Clara Bueno-Fernandez
- Neurobiology Unit, Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Ramón Guirado
- Neurobiology Unit, Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Gómez-Climent
- Neurobiology Unit, Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Yasmina Curto
- Neurobiology Unit, Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Hector Carceller
- Neurobiology Unit, Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Juan Nacher
- Neurobiology Unit, Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain.,Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.,Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
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24
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Ambrosi E, Arciniegas DB, Curtis KN, Patriquin M, Spalletta G, Sani G, Frueh BC, Fowler JC, Madan A, Salas R. Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Habenula in Mood Disorder Patients With and Without Suicide-Related Behaviors. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019; 31:49-56. [PMID: 30282513 PMCID: PMC6697145 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.17120351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The habenula is a small midbrain structure that is important for brain signaling and learning from negative events. Thus, the habenula is strongly connected to both the reward system and motor regions. Increasing evidence suggests a role for the habenula in the etiology of psychiatric disorders, including mood and substance use disorders. However, no studies to date have investigated habenular resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in suicide-related behaviors (SB). The authors enrolled 123 individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder and a history of suicide-related behaviors (SB+), 74 individuals with MDD or bipolar disorder and a history of suicidal ideation but no history of SB (SB-), and 75 healthy control subjects (HC). A seed-based approach was used to identify regions showing different rsFC with the habenula followed by region of interest to region of interest post hoc comparisons. Compared with both the SB- and HC groups, the SB+ group showed higher connectivity between the left habenula and the left parahippocampal gyrus, the right amygdala, and the right precentral and postcentral gyri. Patients with mood disorders displayed higher rsFC between the left habenula and left middle temporal gyrus, the left angular gyrus, and the left posterior cingulate cortex, as well as lower rsFC between the right habenula and the left thalamus, when compared with HCs. These findings suggest that the habenula is involved in the neural circuitry of suicide. The higher habenular rsFC found in the SB+ group may mediate a dysfunction in the mechanism that links the habenula with motor activity and contextual associative processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ambrosi
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,Beth K. and Stuart C. Yudofsky Division of Neuropsychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - David B Arciniegas
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,Beth K. and Stuart C. Yudofsky Division of Neuropsychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Kaylah N Curtis
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston TX, USA
| | - Michelle Patriquin
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston TX, USA
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,Beth K. and Stuart C. Yudofsky Division of Neuropsychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs Department (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’ Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy,Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - J Christopher Fowler
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Alok Madan
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Ramiro Salas
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston TX, USA
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25
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Hu H. Advances in Molecular and Circuitry Mechanisms of Depressive Disorder-A Focus on Lateral Habenula. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1180:135-146. [PMID: 31784961 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9271-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a devastating disorder with a combination of diverse symptoms such as low self-esteem, lack of motivation, anhedonia, loss of appetite, low energy, and discomfort without a clear cause. Depression has been suggested to be the result of maladaptive changes in specific brain circuits. Recently, the lateral habenula (LHb) has emerged as a key brain region in the pathophysiology of depression. Increasing evidence from rodent, nonhuman primate, and human studies indicates that the aberrant activity of the LHb is associated with depressive symptoms such as helplessness, anhedonia, and excessive negative focus. Revealing the molecular, cellular, and circuit properties of the LHb will help explain how abnormalities in LHb activity are linked to depressive disorders and shed light on developing novel strategies for depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailan Hu
- Center for Neuroscience and Department of Psychiatry of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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26
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Faron-Górecka A, Kuśmider M, Solich J, Kolasa M, Gruca P, Pabian P, Szlachta M, Dziedzicka-Wasylewska M. Behavioral response to imipramine under chronic mild stress corresponds with increase of mRNA encoding somatostatin receptors sst2 and sst4 expression in medial habenular nucleus. Neurochem Int 2018; 121:108-113. [PMID: 30291955 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Faron-Górecka
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343, Poland.
| | - Maciej Kuśmider
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343, Poland
| | - Joanna Solich
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kolasa
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343, Poland
| | - Piotr Gruca
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Behavioral Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343, Poland
| | - Paulina Pabian
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343, Poland
| | - Marta Szlachta
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343, Poland
| | - Marta Dziedzicka-Wasylewska
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343, Poland
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27
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Salaberry NL, Hamm H, Felder-Schmittbuhl MP, Mendoza J. A suprachiasmatic-independent circadian clock(s) in the habenula is affected by Per gene mutations and housing light conditions in mice. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 224:19-31. [PMID: 30242505 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1756-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
For many years, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) was considered as the unique circadian pacemaker in the mammalian brain. Currently, it is known that other brain areas are able to oscillate in a circadian manner. However, many of them are dependent on, or synchronized by, the SCN. The Habenula (Hb), localized in the epithalamus, is a key nucleus for the regulation of monoamine activity (dopamine, serotonin) and presents circadian features; nonetheless, the clock properties of the Hb are not fully described. Here, we report, first, circadian expression of clock genes in the lateral habenula (LHb) under constant darkness (DD) condition in wild-type mice which is disturbed in double Per1-/--Per2Brdm1 clock-mutant mice. Second, using Per2::luciferase transgenic mice, we observed a self-sustained oscillatory ability (PER2::LUCIFERASE bioluminescence rhythmicity) in the rostral and caudal part of the Hb of arrhythmic SCN-ablated animals. Finally, in Per2::luciferase mice exposed to different lighting conditions (light-dark, constant darkness or constant light), the period or amplitude of PER2 oscillations, in both the rostral and caudal Hb, were similar. However, under DD condition or from SCN-lesioned mice, these two Hb regions were out of phase, suggesting an uncoupling of two putative Hb oscillators. Altogether, these results suggest that an autonomous clock in the rostral and caudal part of the Hb requires integrity of circadian genes to tick, and light information or SCN innervation to keep synchrony. The relevance of the Hb timing might reside in the regulation of circadian functions linked to motivational (reward) and emotional (mood) processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora L Salaberry
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR-3212, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hélène Hamm
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR-3212, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Jorge Mendoza
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR-3212, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
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28
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Distributions of GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons in the brains of a diurnal and nocturnal rodent. Brain Res 2018; 1700:152-159. [PMID: 30153458 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Light influences the daily patterning of activity by both synchronizing internal clocks to environmental light-dark cycles and acutely modulating arousal states, a process known as masking. Masking responses are completely reversed in diurnal and nocturnal species. In nocturnal rodents, masking is mediated through a subset of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) whose projections are similar in diurnal and nocturnal rodents. This raises the possibility that differences in responsivity to signals that these cells release might underlie chronotype differences in masking. We explored one aspect of this hypothesis by examining the distribution of excitatory and inhibitory neuronal populations in many ipRGC target areas of a diurnal species (Nile grass rat) and a nocturnal one (Norway rat). We discovered that while many of these regions were very similar in these two species, there were striking differences in the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (vLGN; higher density of glutamate cells in Norway rats) and in the lateral habenula (LHb; GABAeric cells present in grass rats, but not Norway rats). These patterns raise the possibility that the vLGN and LHb contribute to differences in masking and/or circadian regulation of diurnal and nocturnal species.
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29
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Barker DJ, Miranda-Barrientos J, Zhang S, Root DH, Wang HL, Liu B, Calipari ES, Morales M. Lateral Preoptic Control of the Lateral Habenula through Convergent Glutamate and GABA Transmission. Cell Rep 2018; 21:1757-1769. [PMID: 29141211 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The lateral habenula (LHb) is a brain structure that participates in cognitive and emotional processing and has been implicated in several mental disorders. Although one of the largest inputs to the LHb originates in the lateral preoptic area (LPO), little is known about how the LPO participates in the regulation of LHb function. Here, we provide evidence that the LPO exerts bivalent control over the LHb through the convergent transmission of LPO glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) onto single LHb neurons. In vivo, both LPO-glutamatergic and LPO-GABAergic inputs to the LHb are activated by aversive stimuli, and their predictive cues yet produce opposing behaviors when stimulated independently. These results support a model wherein the balanced response of converging LPO-glutamate and LPO-GABA are necessary for a normal response to noxious stimuli, and an imbalance in LPO→LHb glutamate or GABA results in the type of aberrant processing that may underlie mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Barker
- Neuronal Networks Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jorge Miranda-Barrientos
- Neuronal Networks Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Shiliang Zhang
- Electron Microscopy Core, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21223, USA
| | - David H Root
- Neuronal Networks Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Hui-Ling Wang
- Neuronal Networks Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Bing Liu
- Neuronal Networks Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Erin S Calipari
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Marisela Morales
- Neuronal Networks Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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30
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Fakhoury M. The dorsal diencephalic conduction system in reward processing: Spotlight on the anatomy and functions of the habenular complex. Behav Brain Res 2018; 348:115-126. [PMID: 29684476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The dorsal diencephalic conduction system (DDC) is a highly conserved pathway in vertebrates that provides a route for the neural information to flow from forebrain to midbrain structures. It contains the bilaterally paired habenular nuclei along with two fiber tracts, the stria medullaris and the fasciculus retroflexus. The habenula is the principal player in mediating the dialogue between forebrain and midbrain regions, and functional abnormalities in this structure have often been attributed to pathologies like mood disorders and substance use disorder. Following Matsumoto and Hikosaka seminal work on the lateral habenula as a source of negative reward signals, the last decade has witnessed a great surge of interest in the role of the DDC in reward-related processes. However, despite significant progress in research, much work remains to unfold the behavioral functions of this intriguing, yet complex, pathway. This review describes the current state of knowledge on the DDC with respect to its anatomy, connectivity, and functions in reward and aversion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Fakhoury
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3C3J7, Canada.
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31
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Gelegen C, Miracca G, Ran MZ, Harding EC, Ye Z, Yu X, Tossell K, Houston CM, Yustos R, Hawkins ED, Vyssotski AL, Dong HL, Wisden W, Franks NP. Excitatory Pathways from the Lateral Habenula Enable Propofol-Induced Sedation. Curr Biol 2018; 28:580-587.e5. [PMID: 29398217 PMCID: PMC5835141 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The lateral habenula has been widely studied for its contribution in generating reward-related behaviors [1, 2]. We have found that this nucleus plays an unexpected role in the sedative actions of the general anesthetic propofol. The lateral habenula is a glutamatergic, excitatory hub that projects to multiple targets throughout the brain, including GABAergic and aminergic nuclei that control arousal [3-5]. When glutamate release from the lateral habenula in mice was genetically blocked, the ability of propofol to induce sedation was greatly diminished. In addition to this reduced sensitivity to propofol, blocking output from the lateral habenula caused natural non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep to become highly fragmented, especially during the rest ("lights on") period. This fragmentation was largely reversed by the dual orexinergic antagonist almorexant. We conclude that the glutamatergic output from the lateral habenula is permissive for the sedative actions of propofol and is also necessary for the consolidation of natural sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Gelegen
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Giulia Miracca
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Mingzi Z Ran
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Edward C Harding
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Zhiwen Ye
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Kyoko Tossell
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Catriona M Houston
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Raquel Yustos
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Edwin D Hawkins
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Alexei L Vyssotski
- Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zürich/ETH Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hailong L Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - William Wisden
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK; Centre of Excellence in Neurotechnology and UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Nicholas P Franks
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK; Centre of Excellence in Neurotechnology and UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK.
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32
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Roberson S, Halpern ME. Development and connectivity of the habenular nuclei. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 78:107-115. [PMID: 29107475 PMCID: PMC5920772 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has reinforced that the habenular region of the vertebrate dorsal forebrain is an essential integrating center, and a region strongly implicated in neurological disorders and addiction. Despite the important and diverse neuromodulatory roles the habenular nuclei play, their development has been understudied. The emphasis of this review is on the dorsal habenular nuclei of zebrafish, homologous to the medial nuclei of mammals, as recent work has revealed new information about the signaling pathways that regulate their formation. Additionally, the zebrafish dorsal habenulae have become a valuable model for probing how left-right differences are established in a vertebrate brain. Sonic hedgehog, fibroblast growth factors and Wingless-INT proteins are all involved in the generation of progenitor cells and ultimately, along with Notch signaling, influence habenular neurogenesis and left-right asymmetry. Intriguingly, a genetic network has emerged that leads to the differentiation of dorsal habenular neurons and, through localized chemokine signaling, directs the posterior outgrowth of their newly emerging axons towards their postsynaptic target, the midbrain interpeduncular nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Roberson
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Embryology, 3520 San Martin Drive Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Marnie E Halpern
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Embryology, 3520 San Martin Drive Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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Cheng RK, Krishnan S, Lin Q, Kibat C, Jesuthasan S. Characterization of a thalamic nucleus mediating habenula responses to changes in ambient illumination. BMC Biol 2017; 15:104. [PMID: 29100543 PMCID: PMC5670518 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-017-0431-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neural activity in the vertebrate habenula is affected by ambient illumination. The nucleus that links photoreceptor activity with the habenula is not well characterized. Here, we describe the location, inputs and potential function of this nucleus in larval zebrafish. RESULTS High-speed calcium imaging shows that light ON and OFF both evoke a rapid response in the dorsal left neuropil of the habenula, indicating preferential targeting of this neuropil by afferents conveying information about ambient illumination. Injection of a lipophilic dye into this neuropil led to bilateral labeling of a nucleus in the anterior thalamus that responds to light ON and OFF, and that receives innervation from the retina and pineal organ. Lesioning the neuropil of this thalamic nucleus reduced the habenula response to light ON and OFF. Optogenetic stimulation of the thalamus with channelrhodopsin-2 caused depolarization in the habenula, while manipulation with anion channelrhodopsins inhibited habenula response to light and disrupted climbing and diving evoked by illumination change. CONCLUSIONS A nucleus in the anterior thalamus of larval zebrafish innervates the dorsal left habenula. This nucleus receives input from the retina and pineal, responds to increase and decrease in ambient illumination, enables habenula responses to change in irradiance, and may function in light-evoked vertical migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruey-Kuang Cheng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 636921, Singapore
| | - Seetha Krishnan
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, 28 Medical Drive, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Qian Lin
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, 28 Medical Drive, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Caroline Kibat
- Neural Circuitry and Behavior Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Suresh Jesuthasan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 636921, Singapore.
- Neural Circuitry and Behavior Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.
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Kang S, Li J, Zuo W, Fu R, Gregor D, Krnjevic K, Bekker A, Ye JH. Ethanol Withdrawal Drives Anxiety-Related Behaviors by Reducing M-type Potassium Channel Activity in the Lateral Habenula. Neuropsychopharmacology 2017; 42:1813-1824. [PMID: 28387223 PMCID: PMC5520788 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2017.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and anxiety disorders (ADs) are often seen concurrently, but their underlying cellular basis is unclear. For unclear reasons, the lateral habenula (LHb), a key brain region involved in the pathophysiology of ADs, becomes hyperactive after ethanol withdrawal. M-type K+ channels (M-channels), important regulators of neuronal activity, are abundant in the LHb, yet little is known about their role in AUDs and associated ADs. We report here that in rats at 24 h withdrawal from systemic ethanol administration (either by intraperitoneal injection, 2 g/kg, twice/day, for 7 days; or intermittent drinking 20% ethanol in a two-bottle free choice protocol for 8 weeks), the basal firing rate and the excitability of LHb neurons in brain slices was higher, whereas the amplitude of medium afterhyperpolarization and M-type K+ currents were smaller, when compared to ethanol naive rats. Concordantly, M-channel blocker (XE991)-induced increase in the spontaneous firing rate in LHb neurons was smaller. The protein expression of M-channel subunits, KCNQ2/3 in the LHb was also smaller. Moreover, anxiety levels (tested in open field, marble burying, and elevated plus maze) were higher, which were alleviated by LHb inhibition either chemogenetically or by local infusion of the M-channel opener, retigabine. Intra-LHb infusion of retigabine also reduced ethanol consumption and preference. These findings reveal an important role of LHb M-channels in the expression of AUDs and ADs, and suggest that the M-channels could be a potential therapeutic target for alcoholics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwoo Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA,Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA,Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Wanhong Zuo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA,Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Rao Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA,Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Danielle Gregor
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA,Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | | | - Alex Bekker
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jiang-Hong Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA,Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA,Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA, Tel: 973 972 1866, Fax: 973 972 0582, E-mail:
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Mendoza J. Circadian neurons in the lateral habenula: Clocking motivated behaviors. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 162:55-61. [PMID: 28666896 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The main circadian clock in mammals is located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), however, central timing mechanisms are also present in other brain structures beyond the SCN. The lateral habenula (LHb), known for its important role in the regulation of the monoaminergic system, contains such a circadian clock whose molecular and cellular mechanisms as well as functional role are not well known. However, since monoaminergic systems show circadian activity, it is possible that the LHb-clock's role is to modulate the rhythmic activity of the dopamine, serotonin and norephinephrine systems, and associated behaviors. Moreover, the LHb is involved in different pathological states such as depression, addiction and schizophrenia, states in which sleep and circadian alterations have been reported. Thus, perturbations of circadian activity in the LHb might, in part, be a cause of these rhythmic alterations in psychiatric ailments. In this review the current state of the LHb clock and its possible implications in the control of monoaminergic systems rhythms, motivated behaviors (e.g., feeding, drug intake) and depression (with circadian disruptions and altered motivation) will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Mendoza
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience, CNRS-UPR 3212 Strasbourg France, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67084 cedex Strasbourg, France.
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Abstract
Over the past 20years, substantive research has firmly implicated the lateral habenula in myriad neural processes including addiction, depression, and sleep. More recently, evidence has emerged suggesting that the lateral habenula is a component of the brain's intrinsic daily or circadian timekeeping system. This system centers on the master circadian pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus that is synchronized to the external world through environmental light information received directly from the eye. Rhythmic clock gene expression in suprachiasmatic neurons drives variation in their electrical activity enabling communication of temporal information, and the organization of circadian rhythms in downstream targets. Here, we review the evidence implicating the lateral habenula as part of an extended neural circadian system. We consider findings suggesting that the lateral habenula is a recipient of circadian signals from the suprachiasmatic nuclei as well as light information from the eye. Further we examine the proposition that the lateral habenula itself expresses intrinsic clock gene and neuronal rhythms. We then speculate on how circadian information communicated from the lateral habenula could influence activity and function in downstream targets such as the ventral tegmental area and raphe nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hugh D Piggins
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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Li Y, Wang Y, Xuan C, Li Y, Piao L, Li J, Zhao H. Role of the Lateral Habenula in Pain-Associated Depression. Front Behav Neurosci 2017; 11:31. [PMID: 28270756 PMCID: PMC5318408 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic pain have significantly higher incidences of depression and anxiety than the average person. However, the mechanism underlying this link has not been elucidated in terms of how chronic pain causes significant mood changes and further develops into severe anxiety or depression. The serotonergic system in the raphe nuclei is an important component in both pain processing and the pathogenesis of depression. Since the lateral habenular nucleus (LHb) controls the raphe nuclei, it may participate in the regulation of pain-associated depression. Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate the role of the LHb in this pathophysiological process. We used chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in rats as a model for neuropathic pain and assessed the changes potentially related to the mood disorders. The forced swim test (FST) and sucrose preference test (SPT) were performed to determine the behavioral changes 28 days after pain surgery. Expression of β calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (βCaMKII) in the LHb, cytochrome-c oxidase (COX) activity in the LHb and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and serotonin (5-HT) levels in the DRN were measured. We found an increasing in LHb activity and βCaMKII expression, and a decrease in neuronal activity in the DRN and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)/5-HT ratios in the CCI rats. These effects were accompanied by the depression-like behaviors. Lesions in the LHb improved the pain threshold and depression-like behavior in the rats. These results suggest that the LHb may play a role in pain-associated depression by affecting the activity of 5-HT neurons in the DRN. Furthermore, we showed that increases in the LHb-DRN pathway activity were a common neurobiological mechanisms for pain and depression, which may explain the coexistence of pain and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin UniversityChangchun, China; Department of Anesthesia, Neuroscience Research Center, First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun, China
| | - Yumeng Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University Changchun, China
| | - Chengluan Xuan
- Department of Anesthesia, Neuroscience Research Center, First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University Changchun, China
| | - Lianhua Piao
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University Changchun, China
| | - Jicheng Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University Changchun, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin UniversityChangchun, China; Department of Anesthesia, Neuroscience Research Center, First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun, China
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The habenula in psychiatric disorders: More than three decades of translational investigation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 83:721-735. [PMID: 28223096 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The habenula is an epithalamic structure located at the center of the dorsal diencephalic conduction system, a pathway involved in linking forebrain to midbrain regions. Composed of a medial and lateral subdivisions, the habenula receives inputs from the limbic system and basal ganglia mainly through the stria medullaris (SM), and projects to midbrain regions through the fasciculus retroflexus (FR). An increasing number of studies have implicated this structure in psychiatric disorders associated with dysregulated reward circuitry function, notably mood disorders, schizophrenia, and substance use disorder. However, despite significant progress in research, the mechanisms underlying the relationship between the habenula and the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders are far from being fully understood, and still need further investigation. This review provides a closer look at key findings from animal and human studies illustrating the role of the habenula in mood disorders, schizophrenia, and substance use disorder, and discusses the clinical potential of using this structure as a therapeutic target.
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Jacinto LR, Mata R, Novais A, Marques F, Sousa N. The habenula as a critical node in chronic stress-related anxiety. Exp Neurol 2016; 289:46-54. [PMID: 27940019 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The habenula is activated in response to stressful and aversive events, resulting in exploratory inhibition. Although possible mechanisms for habenula activation have been proposed, the effects of chronic stress on the habenular structure have never been studied. Herein, we assessed changes in volume, cell density and dendritic structure of habenular cells after chronic stress exposure using stereological and 3D morphological analysis. This study shows for the first time that there is a hemispherical asymmetry in the medial habenula (MHb) of the adult rat, with the right MHb containing more neurons than its left counterpart. Additionally, it shows that chronic stress induces a bilateral atrophy of both the MHb and the lateral habenula (LHb). This atrophy was accompanied by a reduction of the number of neurons in the right MHb and the number of glial cells in the bilateral LHb, but not by changes in the dendritic arbors of multipolar neurons. Importantly, these structural changes were correlated with elevated levels of serum corticosterone and increased anxious-like behavior in stressed animals. To further assess the role of the habenula in stress-related anxiety, bilateral lesions of the LHb were performed; interestingly, in lesioned animals the chronic stress protocol did not trigger increases in circulating corticosterone or anxious-like behavior. This study highlights the role of the habenula in the stress responses and how its sub-regions are structurally impacted by chronic stress with physiological and behavioral consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis R Jacinto
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui Mata
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ashley Novais
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
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Loonen AJM, Ivanova SA. Circuits Regulating Pleasure and Happiness-Mechanisms of Depression. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:571. [PMID: 27891086 PMCID: PMC5102894 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
According to our model of the regulation of appetitive-searching vs. distress-avoiding behaviors, the motivation to display these essential conducts is regulated by two parallel cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical, re-entry circuits, including the core and the shell parts of the nucleus accumbens, respectively. An entire series of basal ganglia, running from the caudate nucleus on one side, to the centromedial amygdala on the other side, controls the intensity of these reward-seeking and misery-fleeing behaviors by stimulating the activity of the (pre)frontal and limbic cortices. Hyperactive motivation to display behavior that potentially results in reward induces feelings of hankering (relief leads to pleasure). Hyperactive motivation to exhibit behavior related to avoidance of misery results in dysphoria (relief leads to happiness). These two systems collaborate in a reciprocal fashion. In clinical depression, a mismatch exists between the activities of these two circuits: the balance is shifted to the misery-avoiding side. Five theories have been developed to explain the mechanism of depressive mood disorders, including the monoamine, biorhythm, neuro-endocrine, neuro-immune, and kindling/neuroplasticity theories. This paper describes these theories in relationship to the model (described above) of the regulation of reward-seeking vs. misery-avoiding behaviors. Chronic stress that leads to structural changes may induce the mismatch between the two systems. This mismatch leads to lack of pleasure, low energy, and indecisiveness, on one hand, and dysphoria, continuous worrying, and negative expectations on the other hand. The neuroplastic effects of monoamines, cortisol, and cytokines may mediate the induction of these structural alterations. Long-term exposure to stressful situations (particularly experienced during childhood) may lead to increased susceptibility for developing this condition. This hypothesis opens up the possibility of treating depression with psychotherapy. Genetic and other biological factors (toxic, infectious, or traumatic) may increase sensitivity to the induction of relevant neuroplastic changes. Reversal or compensation of these neuroplastic adjustments may explain the effects of biological therapies in treating depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton J. M. Loonen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
- GGZ WNB, Mental Health HospitalBergen op Zoom, Netherlands
| | - Svetlana A. Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of SciencesTomsk, Russia
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic UniversityTomsk, Russia
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Han LN, Zhang L, Sun YN, Du CX, Zhang YM, Wang T, Zhang J, Liu J. Serotonin7 receptors in the lateral habenular nucleus regulate depressive-like behaviors in the hemiparkinsonian rats. Brain Res 2016; 1644:79-87. [PMID: 27178363 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical studies indicate that serotonin7 (5-HT7) receptors may regulate depressive-like behaviors. Depression is a common symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD); however, its pathophysiology is unclear. Here we examined whether 5-HT7 receptors in the lateral habenular nucleus (LHb) involve in the regulation of PD-related depression. Unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the substantia nigra pars compacta in rats induced depressive-like responses as measured by the sucrose preference and forced swim tests when compared to sham-operated rats. Intra-LHb injection of 5-HT7 receptor agonist AS19 (1, 2 and 4μg/rat) induced or increased the expression of depressive-like behaviors in sham-operated and the lesioned rats. Further, intra-LHb injection of 5-HT7 receptor antagonist SB269970 (1.5, 3 and 6μg/rat) produced antidepressant effects in the two groups of rats. However, the doses producing these effects in the lesioned rats were higher than those in sham-operated rats. Neurochemical results showed that intra-LHb injection of AS19 (4μg/rat) decreased dopamine and 5-HT levels in the medial prefrontal cortex, habenula and hippocampus in sham-operated and the lesioned rats; whereas SB269970 (6μg/rat) increased dopamine and 5-HT levels in these structures. In addition, noradrenaline levels in these structures were not changed after intra-LHb injection of AS19 or SB269970 in the two groups of rats. These findings suggest that activation or blockade of 5-HT7 receptors in the LHb may change the activity of LHb glutamate neurons, and then decreases or increases dopamine and 5-HT levels in the limbic and limbic-related brain regions, which are involved in the regulation of depressive-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Na Han
- Department of Physiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yi Na Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Cheng Xue Du
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yu Ming Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Radwan B, Liu H, Chaudhury D. Regulation and Modulation of Depression-Related Behaviours: Role of Dopaminergic Neurons. DOPAMINE AND SLEEP 2016:147-190. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-46437-4_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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Faron-Górecka A, Kuśmider M, Kolasa M, Żurawek D, Szafran-Pilch K, Gruca P, Pabian P, Solich J, Papp M, Dziedzicka-Wasylewska M. Chronic mild stress alters the somatostatin receptors in the rat brain. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:255-66. [PMID: 26462807 PMCID: PMC4700104 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-015-4103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The involvement of somatostatin (SST) and its receptors in the pathophysiology of depression and stress has been evidenced by numerous studies. OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to find whether chronic mild stress (CMS), an animal model of depression, affects the SST receptors in the rat brain and pituitary, as well as the level of SST in plasma. METHODS In CMS model, rats were subjected to 2 weeks of stress and behaviorally characterized using the sucrose consumption test into differently reacting groups based on their response to stress, i.e., stress-reactive (anhedonic), stress-non-reactive (resilient), and invert-reactive rats (characterized by excessive sucrose intake). We measured specific binding of [125I]Tyr3-Octreotide, expression of mRNA encoding sst2R receptors in the rat brains, expression of SST and its receptors in rat pituitary, and the level of SST in the plasma. RESULTS The obtained results show decreases in binding of [125I]Tyr3-Octreotide in most of rat brain regions upon CMS and no significant differences between three stressed groups of animals, except for significant up-regulation of sst2 receptor in medial habenula (MHb) in the stress-reactive group. In the same group of animals, significant increase in plasma SST level was observed. CONCLUSIONS There are two particularly sensitive sites distinguishing the response to stress in CMS model. In the brain, it is MHb, while on the periphery this predictor is SST level in plasma. These changes may broaden an understanding of the mechanisms involved in the stress response and point to the intriguing role of MHb.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Faron-Górecka
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343 Poland
| | - M. Kuśmider
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343 Poland
| | - M. Kolasa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343 Poland
| | - D. Żurawek
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343 Poland
| | - K. Szafran-Pilch
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343 Poland
| | - P. Gruca
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343 Poland
| | - P. Pabian
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343 Poland
| | - J. Solich
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343 Poland
| | - M. Papp
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343 Poland
| | - M. Dziedzicka-Wasylewska
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, Kraków, 31-343 Poland
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Krzyżanowska M, Steiner J, Brisch R, Mawrin C, Busse S, Braun K, Jankowski Z, Bernstein HG, Bogerts B, Gos T. Ribosomal DNA transcription in dorsal raphe nucleus neurons is increased in residual schizophrenia compared to depressed patients with affective disorders. Psychiatry Res 2015; 230:233-41. [PMID: 26350704 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The central serotonergic system is implicated differentially in the pathogenesis of depression and schizophrenia. The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is the main source of serotonergic innervation of forebrain limbic structures disturbed in both disorders. The study was carried out on paraffin-embedded brains from 27 depressed (15 major depressive disorder, MDD and 12 bipolar disorder, BD) and 17 schizophrenia (9 residual and 8 paranoid) patients and 28 matched controls without mental disorders. The transcriptional activity of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) in DRN neurons was evaluated by the AgNOR silver staining method. A significant effect of diagnosis on rDNA activity was found in the cumulative analysis of all DRN subnuclei. Further analysis revealed an increase in this activity in residual (but not paranoid) schizophrenia compared to depressed (both MDD and BD) patients. The effect was most probably neither confounded by suicide nor related to antidepressant and antipsychotic medication. Our findings suggest that increased activity of rDNA in DRN neurons is a distinct phenomenon in residual schizophrenia, related presumably to differentially disturbed inputs to the DRN and/or their local transformation compared with depressive episodes in patients with affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Krzyżanowska
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębowa 23, 80-204 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Johann Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Brisch
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębowa 23, 80-204 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Christian Mawrin
- Institute of Neuropathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Busse
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Braun
- Department of Zoology/Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Zbigniew Jankowski
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębowa 23, 80-204 Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Bernhard Bogerts
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tomasz Gos
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębowa 23, 80-204 Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Zoology/Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Chaudhury D, Liu H, Han MH. Neuronal correlates of depression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:4825-48. [PMID: 26542802 PMCID: PMC4709015 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2044-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric disorder effecting approximately 121 million people worldwide and recent reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) suggest that it will be the leading contributor to the global burden of diseases. At present, the most commonly used treatment strategies are still based on the monoamine hypothesis that has been the predominant theory in the last 60 years. Clinical observations show that only a subset of depressed patients exhibits full remission when treated with classical monoamine-based antidepressants together with the fact that patients exhibit multiple symptoms suggest that the pathophysiology leading to mood disorders may differ between patients. Accumulating evidence indicates that depression is a neural circuit disorder and that onset of depression may be located at different regions of the brain involving different transmitter systems and molecular mechanisms. This review synthesises findings from rodent studies from which emerges a role for different, yet interconnected, molecular systems and associated neural circuits to the aetiology of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipesh Chaudhury
- Division of Science, Experimental Research Building, Office 106, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island Campus, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - He Liu
- Division of Science, Experimental Research Building, Office 106, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island Campus, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ming-Hu Han
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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Excitatory Transmission to the Lateral Habenula Is Critical for Encoding and Retrieval of Spatial Memory. Neuropsychopharmacology 2015; 40:2843-51. [PMID: 25971591 PMCID: PMC4864662 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2015.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The lateral habenula (LHb) is viewed as a relay between the limbic system, the basal ganglia (BG), and monoaminergic neurons of the midbrain. If a prominent role has been evidenced in BG-mediated functions such as value-based decision-making, very little is known about the involvement of the LHb in limbic functions such as memory processing. In the present study, we used two pharmacological approaches-LHb reversible inactivation with intra-LHb infusion of muscimol, an agonist of the GABA-A receptor, or blockade of excitatory inputs with intra-LHb infusion of 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX), an antagonist of the glutamatergic AMPA receptor-to investigate the involvement of the LHb in encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of spatial memory in the water maze (WM) in rats. We found that intra-LHb infusion of muscimol or CNQX prevented encoding and retrieval, but not consolidation of spatial information. In addition, muscimol but not CNQX induced impairments during a cued version of the WM task, and marked anxiety in the elevated plus maze. These results confirm the involvement of the LHb in higher cognitive functions. They further suggest a dichotomy between the role of glutamatergic and other inputs to the LHb in hippocampus-dependent memory processing, as well as in emotional aspects of goal-directed behaviors.
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48
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Li CY, Song MY, Huang M, Li JC, Xiao JY, Zhao H. Estradiol suppresses neuronal firing activity and c-Fos expression in the lateral habenula. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4410-4414. [PMID: 26082062 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Estradiol is an ovarian steroid hormone that regulates physiological functions in the central nervous system, including mood, cognition, sleep and mental state. Emerging evidence has revealed that there is an enrichment of cells that express the estrogen receptor in the lateral habenula (LHb) region, however, the precise biological functions of estradiol on neurons in the LHb remain to be elucidated. The present study aimed to determine the effects of estradiol on LHb neurons, by observing neuronal firing activity, and c‑Fos mRNA and protein expression levels in the LHb using whole cell recording, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Ovariectomized female Wistar rats were supplemented with a range of estradiol doses across five groups: Ovariectomized (no treatment); Oil (sesame oil); low estradiol; medial estradiol (ME) and high estradiol. Circulating serum estradiol levels were assessed over a 33 day period following surgery. Estradiol suppressed spontaneous firing activity in LHb neurons (P<0.05, compared with firing rates prior to estradiol treatment), which suggested a role for this hormone in regulating neuronal activity. Estradiol replacement therapy resulted in sustained serum estradiol levels for ~3 weeks after surgery. The mRNA and protein levels of c‑Fos were significantly downregulated in LHb tissues from ME rats as compared with Oil animals (P<0.05). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that estradiol suppresses neuronal activities in the LHb region, suggesting that the LHb may be a potential target for estradiol action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ying Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Ying Song
- Neuroscience Research Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Cheng Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Yu Xiao
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Ma S, Gundlach AL. Ascending control of arousal and motivation: role of nucleus incertus and its peptide neuromodulators in behavioural responses to stress. J Neuroendocrinol 2015; 27:457-67. [PMID: 25612218 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Arousal is a process that involves the activation of ascending neural pathways originating in the rostral pons that project to the forebrain through the midbrain reticular formation to promote the activation of key cortical, thalamic, hypothalamic and limbic centres. Established modulators of arousal include the cholinergic, serotonergic, noradrenergic and dopaminergic networks originating in the pons and midbrain. Recent data indicate that a population of largely GABAergic projection neurones located in the nucleus incertus (NI) are also involved in arousal and motivational processes. The NI has prominent efferent connections with distinct hypothalamic, amygdalar and thalamic nuclei, in addition to dense projections to key brain regions associated with the generation and pacing of hippocampal activity. The NI receives strong inputs from the prefrontal cortex, lateral habenula and the interpeduncular and median raphe nuclei, suggesting it is highly integrated in circuits regulating higher cognitive behaviours (hippocampal theta rhythm) and emotion. Anatomical and functional studies have revealed that the NI is a rich source of multiple peptide neuromodulators, including relaxin-3, and may mediate extra-hypothalamic effects of the stress hormone corticotrophin-releasing factor, as well as other key modulators such as orexins and oxytocin. This review provides an overview of earlier studies and highlights more recent research that implicates this neural network in the integration of arousal and motivated behaviours and has begun to identify the associated mechanisms. Future research that should help to better clarify the connectivity and function of the NI in major experimental species and humans is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ma
- Neuropeptides Division, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A L Gundlach
- Neuropeptides Division, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Abstract
The lateral habenula (LHb) regulates the activity of monoaminergic neurons in the brainstem. This area has recently attracted a surge of interest in psychiatry because studies have reported the pathological activation of the habenula in patients with major depression and in animal models. The LHb plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of depression; however, how habenular neurons are activated to cause various depression symptoms, such as reduced motivation and sleep disturbance, remain unclear. We hypothesized that dysfunctional astrocytes may cause LHb hyperactivity due to the defective uptake activity of extracellular glutamate, which induces depressive-like behaviors. We examined the activity of neurons in habenular pathways and performed behavioral and sleep analyses in mice with pharmacological and genetic inhibition of the activity of the glial glutamate transporter GLT-1 in the LHb. The habenula-specific inhibition of GLT-1 increased the neuronal firing rate and the level of c-Fos expression in the LHb. Mice with reduced GLT-1 activity in the habenula exhibited a depressive-like phenotype in the tail suspension and novelty-suppressed feeding tests. These animals also displayed increased susceptibility to chronic stress, displaying more frequent avoidant behavior without affecting locomotor activity in the open-field test. Intriguingly, the mice showed disinhibition of rapid eye movement sleep, which is a characteristic sleep pattern in patients with depression. These results provide evidence that disrupting glutamate clearance in habenular astrocytes increases neuronal excitability and depressive-like phenotypes in behaviors and sleep.
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