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Jiang Y, Zhou Y, Xie Y, Zhou J, Cai M, Tang J, Liu F, Ma J, Liu H. Functional magnetic resonance imaging alternations in suicide attempts individuals and their association with gene expression. Neuroimage Clin 2024; 43:103645. [PMID: 39059208 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has shown brain activity alterations in individuals with a history of attempted suicide (SA) who are diagnosed with depression disorder (DD) or bipolar disorder (BD). However, patterns of spontaneous brain activity and their genetic correlations need further investigation. METHODS A voxel-based meta-analysis of 19 studies including 26 datasets, involving 742 patients with a history of SA and 978 controls (both nonsuicidal patients and healthy controls) was conducted. We examined fMRI changes in SA patients and analyzed the association between these changes and gene expression profiles using data from the Allen Human Brain Atlas by partial least squares regression analysis. RESULTS SA patients demonstrated increased spontaneous brain activity in several brain regions including the bilateral inferior temporal gyrus, hippocampus, fusiform gyrus, and right insula, and decreased activity in areas like the bilateral paracentral lobule and inferior frontal gyrus. Additionally, 5,077 genes were identified, exhibiting expression patterns associated with SA-related fMRI alterations. Functional enrichment analyses demonstrated that these SA-related genes were enriched for biological functions including glutamatergic synapse and mitochondrial structure. Concurrently, specific expression analyses showed that these genes were specifically expressed in the brain tissue, in neurons cells, and during early developmental periods. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a neurobiological basis for fMRI abnormalities in SA patients with DD or BD, potentially guiding future genetic and therapeutic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging & Tianjin Institute of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yujing Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116000 Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingying Xie
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging & Tianjin Institute of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Junzi Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging & Tianjin Institute of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Mengjing Cai
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging & Tianjin Institute of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging & Tianjin Institute of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging & Tianjin Institute of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Juanwei Ma
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging & Tianjin Institute of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Huaigui Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging & Tianjin Institute of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
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Joss D, Teicher MH, Lazar SW. Beneficial effects of mindfulness-based intervention on hippocampal volumes and episodic memory for childhood adversity survivors. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2024; 16:100769. [PMID: 38737193 PMCID: PMC11086948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) has detrimental impacts on neural development, especially hippocampal morphometry. Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBI) has been shown to induce adaptive hippocampal changes especially at the subiculum. The present study aims to investigate the effects of MBI on subiculum volumes among ACE survivors, as well as the effects on episodic memory as a probe into hippocampal functionality. Methods We analyzed anatomical MRI data and performance indices from an episodic memory task called the Mnemonic Similarity Task (MST) collected from a randomized controlled longitudinal study that compared an 8-week MBI (N = 20) to an active control condition of Stress Management Education (SME) (N = 19). FreeSurfer 6.0 was used for automated hippocampal subfield segmentation and volumetric estimation. Results Significant group differences were observed with the volumetric changes of the right whole hippocampus and right subiculum. Only the MBI group showed improved pattern separation capability from MST, which was associated with stress reduction and right subiculum volumetric changes. Limitations Modest sample size. MST task was performed outside of MRI. Conclusions These findings suggest beneficial effects of MBI for hippocampal volumes and episodic memory, while highlighting the importance of the subiculum for MBI-induced neural and cognitive changes. The subiculum's known role in inhibitory control was interpreted as a potential mechanism for it to exhibit MBI-induced volumetric changes, which sheds light on the potential neural underpinnings of mindfulness meditation for reducing stress reactivity among ACE survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Joss
- Developmental Biopsychiatry Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Martin H. Teicher
- Developmental Biopsychiatry Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Sara W. Lazar
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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3
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Hu C, Jiang W, Huang J, Lin J, Huang J, Wang M, Xie J, Yuan Y. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation characteristics in depressed adolescents with suicide attempts: a resting-state fMRI study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1228260. [PMID: 37575559 PMCID: PMC10419264 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1228260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) is a measure of spontaneous brain activity derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Previous research has suggested that abnormal ALFF values may be associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicide attempts in adolescents. In this study, our aim was to investigate the differences in ALFF values between adolescent MDD patients with and without a history of suicide attempts, and to explore the potential utility of ALFF as a neuroimaging biomarker for aiding in the diagnosis and prediction of suicide attempts in this population. Methods The study included 34 adolescent depression patients with suicide attempts (SU group), 43 depression patients without suicide attempts (NSU group), and 36 healthy controls (HC group). Depression was diagnosed using a threshold score greater than 17 on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). The rs-fMRI was employed to calculate zALFF values and compare differences among the groups. Associations between zALFF values in specific brain regions and clinical variables such as emotion regulation difficulties were explored using Pearson partial correlation analysis. Receiver-Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis assessed the ability of mean zALFF values to differentiate between SU and NSU groups. Results Significant differences in zALFF values were observed in the left and right inferior temporal gyrus (l-ITG, r-ITG) and right fusiform gyrus (r-FG) among the three groups (GRF corrected). Both SU and NSU groups exhibited increased zALFF values in the inferior temporal gyrus compared to the HC group. Furthermore, the SU group showed significantly higher zALFF values in the l-ITG and r-FG compared to both the NSU group and the HC group. Partial correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between zALFF values in the left superior and middle frontal gyrus (l-SFG, l-MFG) and the degree of emotional dysregulation in the SU group (R = -0.496, p = 0.003; R = -0.484, p = 0.005). Combining zALFF values from the l-ITG and r-FG achieved successful discrimination between depressed adolescents with and without suicide attempts (AUC = 0.855) with high sensitivity (86%) and specificity (71%). Conclusion Depressed adolescents with suicidal behavior exhibit unique neural activity patterns in the inferior temporal gyrus and fusiform gyrus. These findings highlight the potential utility of these specific brain regions as biomarkers for identifying suicide risk in depressed adolescents. Furthermore, associations between emotion dysregulation and activity in their frontal gyrus regions were observed. These findings provide preliminary yet pertinent insights into the pathophysiology of suicide in depressed adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchun Hu
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Jiang
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jialing Huang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yonggui Yuan
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Mehnert U, Walter M, Leitner L, Kessler TM, Freund P, Liechti MD, Michels L. Abnormal Resting-State Network Presence in Females with Overactive Bladder. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1640. [PMID: 37371735 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a global problem reducing the quality of life of patients and increasing the costs of any healthcare system. The etiology of OAB is understudied but likely involves supraspinal network alterations. Here, we characterized supraspinal resting-state functional connectivity in 12 OAB patients and 12 healthy controls (HC) who were younger than 60 years. Independent component analysis showed that OAB patients had a weaker presence of the salience (Cohen's d = 0.9) and default mode network (Cohen's d = 1.1) and weaker directed connectivity between the fronto-parietal network and salience network with a longer lag time compared to HC. A region of interest analysis demonstrated weaker connectivity in OAB compared to HC (Cohen's d > 1.6 or < -1.6), particularly within the frontal and prefrontal cortices. In addition, weaker seed (insula, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex) to voxel (anterior cingulate cortex, frontal gyrus, superior parietal lobe, cerebellum) connectivity was found in OAB compared to HC (Cohen's d > 1.9). The degree of deviation in supraspinal connectivity in OAB patients (relative to HC) appears to be an indicator of the severity of the lower urinary tract symptoms and an indication that such symptoms are directly related to functional supraspinal alterations. Thus, future OAB therapy options should also consider supraspinal targets, while neuroimaging techniques should be given more consideration in the quest for better phenotyping of OAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Mehnert
- Department of Neuro-Urology, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Walter
- Department of Neuro-Urology, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Leitner
- Department of Neuro-Urology, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M Kessler
- Department of Neuro-Urology, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Freund
- Spinal Cord Injury Center, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3AR, UK
- Neuroscience Center Zürich, University of Zürich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martina D Liechti
- Department of Neuro-Urology, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lars Michels
- Neuroscience Center Zürich, University of Zürich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
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Poptsi E, Moraitou D, Tsardoulias E, Symeonidis AL, Papaliagkas V, Tsolaki M. R4Alz-Revised: A Tool Able to Strongly Discriminate 'Subjective Cognitive Decline' from Healthy Cognition and 'Minor Neurocognitive Disorder'. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13030338. [PMID: 36766444 PMCID: PMC9914647 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13030338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of the minor neurocognitive diseases in the clinical course of dementia before the clinical symptoms' appearance is the holy grail of neuropsychological research. The R4Alz battery is a novel and valid tool that was designed to assess cognitive control in people with minor cognitive disorders. The aim of the current study is the R4Alz battery's extension (namely R4Alz-R), enhanced by the design and administration of extra episodic memory tasks, as well as extra cognitive control tasks, towards improving the overall R4Alz discriminant validity. METHODS The study comprised 80 people: (a) 20 Healthy adults (HC), (b) 29 people with Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD), and (c) 31 people with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The groups differed in age and educational level. RESULTS Updating, inhibition, attention switching, and cognitive flexibility tasks discriminated SCD from HC (p ≤ 0.003). Updating, switching, cognitive flexibility, and episodic memory tasks discriminated SCD from MCI (p ≤ 0.001). All the R4Alz-R's tasks discriminated HC from MCI (p ≤ 0.001). The R4Alz-R was free of age and educational level effects. The battery discriminated perfectly SCD from HC and HC from MCI (100% sensitivity-95% specificity and 100% sensitivity-90% specificity, respectively), whilst it discriminated excellently SCD from MCI (90.3% sensitivity-82.8% specificity). CONCLUSION SCD seems to be stage a of neurodegeneration since it can be objectively evaluated via the R4Alz-R battery, which seems to be a useful tool for early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Poptsi
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (CIRI—AUTh), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Day Center “Greek Association of Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders (GAADRD)”, 54643 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Despina Moraitou
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (CIRI—AUTh), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Day Center “Greek Association of Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders (GAADRD)”, 54643 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Tsardoulias
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreas L. Symeonidis
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasileios Papaliagkas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Magdalini Tsolaki
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (CIRI—AUTh), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Day Center “Greek Association of Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders (GAADRD)”, 54643 Thessaloniki, Greece
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Investigating the association between depression and cerebral haemodynamics-A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2022; 299:144-158. [PMID: 34800572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular mechanisms may play a role in depression. The aim of this review is to summarise the evidence on alterations in cerebral haemodynamics in depression. METHODS MEDLINE (1946- present), Embase (1947-present), Web of Science (1970-present), PsycINFO (1984-present), CINAHL (1976-present) and CENTRAL were searched using a predefined search strategy. A meta-analysis was conducted in four groups: 1) global cerebral blood flow (CBF) in ml/min/100 g, 2) CBF velocity (CBFv) in cm/s (maximum flow of left middle cerebral artery, 3) combined CBF and CBFv, 4) Ratio of uptake of Tc 99 m HMPAO (region of interest compared to whole brain). Data are presented as mean difference or standardised mean difference and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). A narrative synthesis of the remaining studies was performed. RESULTS 87 studies were included. CBF was significantly reduced in depressed patients compared to HC [15 studies, 538 patients, 416 HC, MD: -2.24 (95% CI -4.12, -0.36), p = 0.02, I2 = 64%]. There were no statistically significant differences in other parameters. The narrative synthesis revealed variable changes in CBF in depressed patients, particularly affecting the anterior cingulate and prefrontal cortices. LIMITATIONS There were various sources of heterogeneity including the severity of depression, use of antidepressant medication, imaging modality used and reporting of outcomes. All of these factors made direct comparisons between studies difficult. CONCLUSIONS The reduction in CBF in depressed patients compared to HCs may indicate a role for assessment and CBF altering interventions in high-risk groups. However, results were inconsistent across studies, warranting further work to investigate specific subgroups.
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Reduced parietal activation in participants with mild cognitive impairments during visual-spatial processing measured with functional near-infrared spectroscopy. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 146:31-42. [PMID: 34953303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) may be a suitable, simple, and cost-effective brain imaging technique for detecting divergent neuronal patterns at an early stage of neurodegeneration. In course of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD), a deficit in visual-spatial processing, located in the parietal cortex, is a reliable risk factor. Earlier, we established the application of the clock-hand-angle-discrimination task (ADT) during fNIRS to identify neuronal correlates of the visual-spatial processing in a healthy elderly sample. In this analysis, we aimed to measure and find out differences in the hemodynamic response in MCI participants compared to matched healthy controls. As expected, MCI participants showed more errors over all conditions of pointer length and a higher reaction time in the long and middle pointer length condition. Moreover, results revealed a significant reduction of cortical activation in MCI patients. There was a generally increased activity in both the right as compared to the left hemisphere and the superior parietal brain region as compared to the inferior parietal brain region in both groups. In summary, fNIRS can be implemented in the measurement of visual-spatial processing in MCI patients and healthy elderly based on ADT. MCI participants had difficulties to cope with the ADT. Since neuronal hypoactivity occurs with concomitant behavioral deficits, an additional analysis was performed on a subgroup of MCI patients who performed as well as the control group in behavior. This subgroup analysis also showed a hypoactivation of the parietal cortex, without evidence of a compensatory activation. Therefore, we assume that MCI patients are characterized by a deficit in the parietal cortex. Overall, these findings confirm our hypothesis that hemodynamic deficits in visual-spatial processing, localized in the parietal cortex, are reliable and early diagnostic markers for cognitive decline in risk groups for the development of AD.
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Hanulíková A. Do faces speak volumes? Social expectations in speech comprehension and evaluation across three age groups. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259230. [PMID: 34710176 PMCID: PMC8553087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An unresolved issue in social perception concerns the effect of perceived ethnicity on speech processing. Bias-based accounts assume conscious misunderstanding of native speech in the case of a speaker classification as nonnative, resulting in negative ratings and poorer comprehension. In contrast, exemplar models of socially indexed speech perception suggest that such negative effects arise only when a contextual cue to the social identity is misleading, i.e. when ethnicity and speech clash with listeners' expectations. To address these accounts, and to assess ethnicity effects across different age groups, three non-university populations (N = 172) were primed with photographs of Asian and white European women and asked to repeat and rate utterances spoken in three accents (Korean-accented German, a regional German accent, standard German), all embedded in background noise. In line with exemplar models, repetition accuracy increased when the expected and perceived speech matched, but the effect was limited to the foreign accent, and-at the group level-to teens and older adults. In contrast, Asian speakers received the most negative accent ratings across all accents, consistent with a bias-based view, but group distinctions again came into play here, with the effect most pronounced in older adults, and limited to standard German for teens. Importantly, the effects varied across ages, with younger adults showing no effects of ethnicity in either task. The findings suggest that theoretical contradictions are a consequence of methodological choices, which reflect distinct aspects of social information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Hanulíková
- Department of German – German Linguistics, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Institute of Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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9
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Esposito M, Mauri P, Panizza L, Mazza V, Miniussi C, Brignani D. Baseline levels of alertness influence tES effects along different age-related directions. Neuropsychologia 2021; 160:107966. [PMID: 34303718 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Normal aging is usually accompanied by several structural and functional physiological changes of the brain, which are closely related to alterations of cognitive functions (e.g., visual short-term memory). As the average age of the population increases, it has become crucial to identify cognitive-behavioural interventions to maintain a healthy level of cognitive performance. Among a variety of approaches, the targeting of specific intrinsic alertness mechanisms has shown a solid rationale and beneficial effects in both healthy and pathological ageing. In a similar vein, the use of non-invasive transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) represents another promising approach to induce an alerting state that can produce advantages in the information processing in the brain and therefore behaviour. Here, we investigated whether time-locked bursts of tES (i.e., transcranial random noise stimulation) were effective in inducing behavioural and physiological changes, consistently with an alertness increase, in both young and older healthy adults. Namely, we expected to find a beneficial alerting effect on visual short-term memory performance as a function of stimulus perceptual salience and tES. The initial results showed that the performance of younger adults was not affected by tES, while older adults scored lower correct responses for high-salience stimuli during real tES with respect to sham stimulation. However, after including a baseline measure of subjective level of alertness in the analyses, a tES-induced memory improvement did emerge in the less alerted younger adults, while only the more alerted older adults were subject to the worsening effect by tES. We discuss these results in consideration of the evidence on critical age-related differences as well as the interaction between neurostimulation and baseline alerting mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Esposito
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125, Brescia, Italy
| | - Piercarlo Mauri
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Veronica Mazza
- Centre for Mind/Brain Sciences CIMeC, University of Trento, 38068, Rovereto, TN, Italy
| | - Carlo Miniussi
- Centre for Mind/Brain Sciences CIMeC, University of Trento, 38068, Rovereto, TN, Italy
| | - Debora Brignani
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125, Brescia, Italy.
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Delli Pizzi S, Granzotto A, Bomba M, Frazzini V, Onofrj M, Sensi SL. Acting Before; A Combined Strategy to Counteract the Onset and Progression of Dementia. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 17:790-804. [PMID: 33272186 DOI: 10.2174/1567205017666201203085524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain aging and aging-related neurodegenerative disorders are posing a significant challenge for health systems worldwide. To date, most of the therapeutic efforts aimed at counteracting dementiarelated behavioral and cognitive impairment have been focused on addressing putative determinants of the disease, such as β-amyloid or tau. In contrast, relatively little attention has been paid to pharmacological interventions aimed at restoring or promoting the synaptic plasticity of the aging brain. The review will explore and discuss the most recent molecular, structural/functional, and behavioral evidence that supports the use of non-pharmacological approaches as well as cognitive-enhancing drugs to counteract brain aging and early-stage dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Delli Pizzi
- Behavioral Neurology and Molecular Neurology Units, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, CAST, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Pescara, Italy
| | - Alberto Granzotto
- Behavioral Neurology and Molecular Neurology Units, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, CAST, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Pescara, Italy
| | - Manuela Bomba
- Behavioral Neurology and Molecular Neurology Units, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, CAST, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Pescara, Italy
| | - Valerio Frazzini
- AP-HP, Epilepsy Unit, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital and Brain and Spine Institute (INSERM UMRS1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universite), Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marco Onofrj
- Behavioral Neurology and Molecular Neurology Units, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, CAST, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Pescara, Italy
| | - Stefano L Sensi
- Behavioral Neurology and Molecular Neurology Units, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, CAST, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Pescara, Italy
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Tsentidou G, Moraitou D, Tsolaki M. Cognition in Vascular Aging and Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 72:55-70. [PMID: 31561369 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular health declines with age, due to vascular risk factors, and this leads to an increasing risk of cognitive decline. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is defined as the negative cognitive changes beyond what is expected in normal aging. The purpose of the study was to compare older adults with vascular risk factors (VRF), MCI patients, and healthy controls (HC) in main dimensions of cognitive control. The sample comprised a total of 109 adults, aged 50 to 85 (M = 66.09, S.D. = 9.02). They were divided into three groups: 1) older adults with VRF, 2) MCI patients, and 3) healthy controls (HC). VRF and MCI did not differ significantly in age, educational level, or gender as was the case with HC. The tests used mainly examine inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and working memory processing. Results showed that the VRF group had more Set Loss Errors in drawing designs indicating deficits in establishing cognitive set and in cognitive shifting. MCI patients displayed lower performance in processing. Hence, different types of specific impairments emerge in vascular aging and MCI, and this may imply that discrete underlying pathologies may play a role in the development of somewhat different profiles of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glykeria Tsentidou
- Laboratoty of Psychology, Department of Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI), AUTh, Greece
| | - Despina Moraitou
- Laboratoty of Psychology, Department of Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Greek Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Thessaloniki (GAADRD), Greece.,Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI), AUTh, Greece
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), Greece.,Greek Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Thessaloniki (GAADRD), Greece.,Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI), AUTh, Greece
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12
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Age-related differences in the neural bases of phonological and semantic processes in the context of task-irrelevant information. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2020; 19:829-844. [PMID: 30488226 PMCID: PMC6538491 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-018-00671-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
As we age we have increasing difficulty with phonological aspects of language production. Yet semantic processes are largely stable across the life span. This suggests a fundamental difference in the cognitive and potentially neural architecture supporting these systems. Moreover, language processes such as these interact with other cognitive processes that also show age-related decline, such as executive function and inhibition. The present study examined phonological and semantic processes in the presence of task-irrelevant information to examine the influence of such material on language production. Older and younger adults made phonological and semantic decisions about pictures in the presence of either phonologically or semantically related words, which were unrelated to the task. FMRI activation during the semantic condition showed that all adults engaged typical left-hemisphere language regions, and that this activation was positively correlated with efficiency across all adults. In contrast, the phonological condition elicited activation in bilateral precuneus and cingulate, with no clear brain-behavior relationship. Similarly, older adults exhibited greater activation than younger adults in several regions that were unrelated to behavioral performance. Our results suggest that as we age, brain-behavior relations decline, and there is an increased reliance on both language-specific and domain-general brain regions that are seen most prominently during phonological processing. In contrast, the core semantic system continues to be engaged throughout the life span, even in the presence of task-irrelevant information.
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13
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Dörrenbächer S, Wu C, Zimmer H, Kray J. Plasticity in brain activity dynamics after task-shifting training in older adults. Neuropsychologia 2019; 136:107285. [PMID: 31809779 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive control is supported by a dynamic interplay of transient (i.e., trial-related) brain activation across fronto-parietal networks and sustained (i.e., block-related) activation across fronto-striatal networks. Older adults show disturbances in this dynamic functional recruitment. There is evidence suggesting that cognitive-control training may enable older adults to redistribute their brain activation across cortical and subcortical networks, which in turn can limit behavioral impairments. However, previous studies have only focused on spatial rather than on temporal aspects of changes in brain activation. In the present study, we examined training-related functional plasticity in old age by applying a hybrid fMRI design that sensitively tracks the spatio-temporal interactions underlying brain-activation changes. Fifty healthy seniors were assigned to a task-shifting training or an active-control group and their pretest/posttest activation-change maps were compared against 25 untrained younger adults. After training, older adults showed the same performance as untrained young adults. Compared to the control group, task-shifting training promoted proactive (i.e., early, cue-related) changes in transient mechanisms supporting the maintenance and top-down biasing of task-set representations in a specific prefrontal circuitry; reactive (i.e., late, probe-related) changes in transient mechanisms supporting response-selection processes in dissociable fronto-parietal networks; overall reductions of sustained activation in striatal circuits. Results highlight the importance of spatio-temporal interactions in training-induced neural changes in age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolyn Wu
- Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany; Trier University, Trier, Germany
| | | | - Jutta Kray
- Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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Dörrenbächer S, Schütz C, Woirgardt M, Wu CC, Zimmer HD, Kray J. Spatio-Temporal Neural Changes After Task-Switching Training in Old Age. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:267. [PMID: 31680929 PMCID: PMC6803514 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed at examining selective neural changes after task-switching training in old age by not only considering the spatial location but also the timescale of brain activation changes (i.e., sustained/block-related or transient/trial-related timescales). We assigned a sample of 50 older adults to a task-switching training or an active single-task control group. We administered two task paradigms, either sensitive to transient (i.e., a context-updating task) or sustained (i.e., a delayed-recognition working-memory task) dynamics of cognitive control. These dynamics were captured by utilizing an appropriate event-related or block-related functional magnetic resonance imaging design. We captured selective changes in task activation during the untrained tasks after task-switching training compared to an active control group. Results revealed changes at the neural level that were not evident from only behavioral data. Importantly, neural changes in the transient-sensitive context updating task were found on the same timescale but in a different region (i.e., in the left inferior parietal lobule) than in the task-switching training task (i.e., ventrolateral PFC, inferior frontal junction, superior parietal lobule), only pointing to temporal overlap, while neural changes in the sustained-sensitive delayed-recognition task overlapped in both timescale and region with the task-switching training task (i.e., in the basal ganglia), pointing to spatio-temporal overlap. These results suggest that neural changes after task-switching training seem to be critically supported by the temporal organization of neural processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Dörrenbächer
- Department of Psychology, Development of Language, Learning and Action, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Chiara Schütz
- Department of Psychology, Development of Language, Learning and Action, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marc Woirgardt
- Department of Psychology, Development of Language, Learning and Action, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - C Carolyn Wu
- Department of Psychology, Development of Language, Learning and Action, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Hubert D Zimmer
- Department of Psychology, Development of Language, Learning and Action, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jutta Kray
- Department of Psychology, Development of Language, Learning and Action, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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15
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Zhang X, Li H, Lv Y, Zhu Z, Shen X, Lu Q, Wang W, Wang Z, Jiang Z, Yang L, Lin G, Gu W. Premorbid Alterations of Spontaneous Brain Activity in Elderly Patients With Early Post-operative Cognitive Dysfunction: A Pilot Resting-State Functional MRI Study. Front Neurol 2019; 10:1062. [PMID: 31649609 PMCID: PMC6794447 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Elderly patients with pre-existing cognitive impairment are susceptible to post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). In this study, we investigated whether there is pre-existing local homogeneity and functional connectivity alteration in the brain before surgery for POCD patients as compared to that in non-POCD patients. Methods: Eighty elderly patients undergoing major thoracic or abdominal surgeries were recruited. Resting-state functional MRI was scanned at least 1 day before surgery. Neuropsychological tests (NPTs) were performed before surgery and at discharge, respectively. Pre-operative regional homogeneity (ReHo) and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) were compared between POCD patients and non-POCD patients, respectively. Partial correlation between NPTs and ReHo or RSFC was analyzed by adjusting for confounding factors. Results: Significant difference (P < 0.001, Gaussian Random Field (GRF) correction which is a multiple comparisons correction method at cluster level, cluster size > 49) in ReHo between POCD patients and non-POCD patients was detected in right hippocampus/parahippocampus. Pre-operative RSFC between right hippocampus/parahippocampus and right middle/inferior temporal gyrus increased in POCD patients (P < 0.001, GRF correction for multiple comparisons) when compared with that in non-POCD patients.RSFC significantly correlated with composite Z-score (r = 0.46, 95% CI [0.234, 0.767], P = 0.002) or Digit Symbol Substitution Test Z-scores (r = 0.31, 95% CI [0.068, 0.643], P = 0.046) after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusions: The results suggest that premorbid alterations of spontaneous brain activity might exist in elderly patients who develop early POCD. The neural mechanism by which patients with pre-operative abnormal spontaneous activity are susceptible to POCD requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixue Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yating Lv
- Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenghong Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyong Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoxin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoshun Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lvjun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangwu Lin
- Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidong Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China
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16
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Higby E, Cahana-Amitay D, Vogel-Eyny A, Spiro A, Albert ML, Obler LK. The Role of Executive Functions in Object- and Action-Naming among Older Adults. Exp Aging Res 2019; 45:306-330. [PMID: 31216948 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2019.1627492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Background/Study Context: Lexical retrieval abilities and executive function skills decline with age. The extent to which these processes might be interdependent remains unknown. The aim of the current study was to examine whether individual differences in three executive functions (shifting, fluency, and inhibition) predicted naming performance in older adults. Methods: The sample included 264 adults aged 55-84. Six measures of executive functions were combined to make three executive function composites scores. Lexical retrieval performance was measured by accuracy and response time on two tasks: object naming and action naming. We conducted a series of multiple regressions to test whether executive function performance predicts naming abilities in older adults. Results: We found that different executive functions predicted naming speed and accuracy. Shifting predicted naming accuracy for both object and action naming while fluency predicted response times on both tests as well as object naming accuracy, after controlling for education, gender, age, working memory span, and speed of processing in all regressions. Interestingly, inhibition did not contribute to naming accuracy or response times on either task. Conclusion: The findings support the notion that preservation of some executive functions contributes to successful naming in older adults and that different executive functions are associated with naming speed and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Higby
- a Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences , California State University , East Bay, Hayward , CA , USA.,b Department of Psychology , University of California , Riverside , CA , USA
| | - Dalia Cahana-Amitay
- c Department of Neurology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA.,d Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System , Boston , MA
| | - Amy Vogel-Eyny
- e Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences , The Graduate Center of the City University of New York , New York , NY
| | - Avron Spiro
- d Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System , Boston , MA.,f Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health , Boston University , Boston , MA.,g Department of Psychiatry , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA
| | - Martin L Albert
- c Department of Neurology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA.,d Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System , Boston , MA
| | - Loraine K Obler
- c Department of Neurology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA.,d Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System , Boston , MA.,e Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences , The Graduate Center of the City University of New York , New York , NY
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17
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Massimo L, Xie SX, Rennert L, Fick DM, Halpin A, Placek K, Williams A, Rascovsky K, Irwin DJ, Grossman M, McMillan CT. Occupational attainment influences longitudinal decline in behavioral variant frontotemporal degeneration. Brain Imaging Behav 2019. [PMID: 29542053 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-9852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate whether occupational attainment influences the trajectory of longitudinal cognitive decline in behavioral variant frontotemporal degeneration (bvFTD). Single-center, retrospective, longitudinal study. Sixty-three patients meeting consensus criteria for bvFTD underwent evaluation at the University of Pennsylvania Frontotemporal Degeneration Center. All patients were studied longitudinally on letter-guided fluency, category-naming fluency and Boston Naming Test (BNT). Occupational attainment was defined categorically by assigning each individual's occupation to a professional or non-professional category. Linear mixed-effects models evaluated the interaction of neuropsychological performance change with occupational status. Regression analyses were used to relate longitudinal decline in executive function to baseline MRI grey matter atrophy. Higher occupational status was associated with a more severe slope of cognitive decline on letter-guided fluency and category-naming fluency, but not BNT. Faster rates of longitudinal decline on letter-guided and category-naming fluency were associated with more severe baseline grey matter atrophy in right dorsolateral and inferior frontal regions. Our longitudinal findings suggest that bvFTD individuals with higher lifetime cognitive experience demonstrate more rapid decline on measures of executive function. This finding converges with cross-sectional evidence suggesting that lifetime cognitive experiences contribute to heterogeneity in clinical progression in bvFTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Massimo
- Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 3 West Gates, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- The Pennsylvania State University, College of Nursing, University Park, PA, USA.
| | - Sharon X Xie
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lior Rennert
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Donna M Fick
- The Pennsylvania State University, College of Nursing, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Amy Halpin
- Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 3 West Gates, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Katerina Placek
- Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 3 West Gates, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Andrew Williams
- Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 3 West Gates, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Katya Rascovsky
- Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 3 West Gates, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David J Irwin
- Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 3 West Gates, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Murray Grossman
- Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 3 West Gates, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Corey T McMillan
- Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 3 West Gates, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Stojan R, Voelcker-Rehage C. A Systematic Review on the Cognitive Benefits and Neurophysiological Correlates of Exergaming in Healthy Older Adults. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050734. [PMID: 31126052 PMCID: PMC6571688 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human aging is associated with structural and functional brain deteriorations and a corresponding cognitive decline. Exergaming (i.e., physically active video-gaming) has been supposed to attenuate age-related brain deteriorations and may even improve cognitive functions in healthy older adults. Effects of exergaming, however, vary largely across studies. Moreover, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms by which exergaming may affect cognitive and brain function are still poorly understood. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the effects of exergame interventions on cognitive outcomes and neurophysiological correlates in healthy older adults (>60 years). After screening 2709 studies (Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Pubmed, Scopus), we found 15 eligible studies, four of which comprised neurophysiological measures. Most studies reported within group improvements in exergamers and favorable interaction effects compared to passive controls. Fewer studies found superior effects of exergaming over physically active control groups and, if so, solely for executive functions. Regarding individual cognitive domains, results showed no consistence. Positive effects on neurophysiological outcomes were present in all respective studies. In summary, exergaming seems to be equally or slightly more effective than other physical interventions on cognitive functions in healthy older adults. Tailored interventions using well-considered exergames and intervention designs, however, may result in more distinct effects on cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Stojan
- Department of Human Movement Science and Health, Chemnitz University of Technology, Thueringer Weg 11, DE-09126 Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
- Department of Human Movement Science and Health, Chemnitz University of Technology, Thueringer Weg 11, DE-09126 Chemnitz, Germany.
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Dey AK, Stamenova V, Bacopulos A, Jeyakumar N, Turner GR, Black SE, Levine B. Cognitive heterogeneity among community-dwelling older adults with cerebral small vessel disease. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 77:183-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Neurocognitive evaluation of brain metastases patients treated with post-resection stereotactic radiosurgery: a prospective single arm clinical trial. J Neurooncol 2018; 140:307-315. [PMID: 30078070 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-2954-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Post-operative radiation therapy for brain metastases (BM) has become standard treatment. Concerns regarding the deleterious cognitive effects of Whole Brain Radiation Therapy spurred a trend to use focal therapies such as stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the neuropsychological effects following post-resection SRS treatment since limited data exist in this context. METHODS We conducted a prospective single arm cohort study of patients with 1-2 BM, who underwent resection of a single BM between May 2015 to December 2016. Patients were evaluated for cognitive functions (NeuroTrax computerized neuropsychological battery; Modiin, Israel) and quality of life (QOL; QLQ-30, QLQ-BN20) before and 3 months following post-resection SRS. RESULTS Twelve out of 14 patients completed pre- and post-SRS neurocognitive assessments. Overall, we did not detect significant neurocognitive or QOL changes 3 months following SRS. In a subgroup analysis among patients younger than 60 years, median global cognitive score increased from a pre-treatment score of 88 (72-102) to 95 (79-108), 3 months following SRS treatment, p = 0.042; Wilcoxon paired non-parametric test. Immediate verbal memory and executive functions scores increased from 86 (72-98) to 98 (92-112) and 86 (60-101) to 100 (80-126), respectively, p = 0.043. No significant cognitive changes were discovered among patients at the age of 60 or older. CONCLUSIONS Post-resection radiosurgery has a safe neuro-cognitive profile and is associated with preservation of nearly all quality of life parameters. Patients younger than 60 years benefit most and may even regain some cognitive functions within a few months after treatment.
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22
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Greater Cognitive Deficits with Sleep-disordered Breathing among Individuals with Genetic Susceptibility to Alzheimer Disease. The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2018; 14:1697-1705. [PMID: 28731362 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201701-052oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE There are conflicting findings regarding the link between sleep apnea and cognitive dysfunction. OBJECTIVES Investigate associations between indicators of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and cognitive function in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and assess effect modification by the apolipoprotein ε-4 (APOE-ε4) allele. METHODS A diverse population (N = 1,752) underwent type 2 in-home polysomnography, which included measurement of percentage sleep time less than 90% oxyhemoglobin saturation (%Sat < 90%) and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Epworth Sleepiness Scale score (ESS) and sleep apnea syndrome (SAS; AHI ≥ 5 and ESS > 10) were also analyzed. Cognitive outcomes included the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument; Digit Symbol Coding (DSC) test; and Digit Span Tests (DST) Forward and Backward. RESULTS Participants were 45.4% men, aged 68.1 years (SD, 9.1 yr) with a median AHI of 9.0 and mean ESS of 6.0. Approximately 9.7% had SAS, and 26.8% had at least one copy of the APOE-ε4 allele. In adjusted analyses, a 1-SD increase in %Sat < 90% and ESS score were associated with a poorer attention and memory assessed by the DST Forward score (β = -0.12 [SE, 0.06] and β = -0.13 [SE, 0.06], respectively; P ≤ 0.05). SAS and higher ESS scores were also associated with poorer attention and processing speed as measured by the DSC (β = -0.69 [SE, 0.35] and β = -1.42 [SE, 0.35], respectively; P < 0.05). The presence of APOE-ε4 allele modified the associations of %Sat < 90% with DST forward and of ESS with DSC (Pinteraction ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Overnight hypoxemia and sleepiness were associated with cognition. The average effect estimates were small, similar to effect estimates for several other individual dementia risk factors. Associations were strongest in APOE-ε4 risk allele carriers. Our results (1) suggest that SDB be considered among a group of modifiable dementia risk factors, and (2) highlight the potential vulnerability of APOE-ε4 risk allele carriers with SDB.
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Oliveira CR, Lopes Filho BJP, Esteves CS, Rossi T, Nunes DS, Lima MMBMP, Irigaray TQ, Argimon IIL. Neuropsychological Assessment of Older Adults With Virtual Reality: Association of Age, Schooling, and General Cognitive Status. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1085. [PMID: 30008689 PMCID: PMC6034167 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of neuropsychological assessment methods using virtual reality (VR) is a valid and promising option for the detection of cognitive impairment in the older people, focusing on activities composed of tasks of multiple demands. This study verified the association of age, schooling, and general cognitive status on the performance of neurologically healthy older adults in ECO-VR, a VR task of multiple demands for neuropsychological assessment. A total of 111 older adults answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Mini Mental State Examination, the Vocabulary subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Adults (third edition), and the ECO-VR. Correlation analyses, multiple linear regression, and comparisons between groups (effects by age and schooling groups) were used to evaluate the results. The ECO-VR total score was significantly associated with age, years of education, MMSE, and Vocabulary subtest. The linear regression models identified that age was the main predictor for total score and rule breaking of ECO-VR. According to the univariate analysis, it was identified the main effect of age group and schooling group in the total ECO-VR score, but there was no interaction effect. The results are discussed in order to understand the role of sociodemographic characteristics in the performance of older adults in a VR task of multiple demands. It was also verified the possibility use of VR for neuropsychological assessment of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila R. Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Psychology, Faculdade Meridional IMED, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Brandel J. P. Lopes Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristiane S. Esteves
- Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tainá Rossi
- Postgraduate Program in Psychology, Faculdade Meridional IMED, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Daniela S. Nunes
- Postgraduate Program in Psychology, Faculdade Meridional IMED, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiana Q. Irigaray
- Postgraduate Program in Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Irani I. L. Argimon
- Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Beishon LC, Williams CAL, Panerai RB, Robinson TG, Haunton VJ. The assessment of neurovascular coupling with the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination: a functional transcranial Doppler ultrasonographic study. J Neurophysiol 2018; 119:1084-1094. [DOI: 10.1152/jn.00698.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular dysfunction occurs early in dementia and can be identified by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD). Few studies have examined cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFv) responses to a detailed cognitive battery. This study aimed to characterize all CBFv responses, and the effect of hemispheric dominance, to the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (ACE-III) in healthy volunteers. Forty volunteers underwent continuous bilateral TCD, beat-to-beat blood pressure (MAP; Finapres), heart rate (HR; electrocardiogram), and end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2; capnography) monitoring. After a 5-min baseline period, all tasks from the ACE-III were performed in 3 sections (A: attention, fluency, memory; B: language; C: visuospatial, memory). Data are population mean normalized percentage (PM%) change from a 20-s baseline period before task initiation. Forty bilateral data sets were obtained (27 women, 37 right-hand dominant). All paradigms produced a sharp increase in CBFv in both dominant (PM% range: 3.29 to 9.70%) and nondominant (PM% range: 4.34 to 11.63%) hemispheres at task initiation, with associated increases in MAP (PM% range: 3.06 to 16.04%). ETCO2 did not differ significantly at task initiation (PM% range: −1.1 to 2.4%, P > 0.05). HR differed significantly across A and C tasks at initiation (PM% range: −1.1 to 2.4%, P < 0.05), but not B tasks. In conclusion, all tasks resulted in increases in CBFv, differing significantly between paradigms. These results require further investigation in a cognitively impaired population. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first to provide a normative data set of cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFv) responses to a complete cognitive assessment (Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination, ACE-III) in a large sample ( n = 40) of healthy volunteers. All tasks produced peak and sustained increases in CBFv to different extents. The ACE-III is a feasible tool to assess neurovascular coupling with transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. These data can be used to inform the most appropriate cognitive task to elicit CBFv responses for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy C. Beishon
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Claire A. L. Williams
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Ronney B. Panerai
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Thompson G. Robinson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria J. Haunton
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
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Simioni AC, Dagher A, Fellows LK. Effects of levodopa on corticostriatal circuits supporting working memory in Parkinson's disease. Cortex 2017; 93:193-205. [PMID: 28675834 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Working memory dysfunction is common in Parkinson's disease, even in its early stages, but its neural basis is debated. Working memory performance likely reflects a balance between corticostriatal dysfunction and compensatory mechanisms. We tested this hypothesis by examining working memory performance with a letter n-back task in 19 patients with mild-moderate Parkinson's disease and 20 demographically matched healthy controls. Parkinson's disease patients were tested after an overnight washout of their usual dopamine replacement therapy, and again after a standard dose of levodopa. FMRI was used to assess task-related activation and resting state functional connectivity; changes in BOLD signal were related to performance to disentangle pathological and compensatory processes. Parkinson's disease patients off dopamine replacement therapy displayed significantly reduced spatial extent of task-related activation in left prefrontal and bilateral parietal cortex, and poorer working memory performance, compared to controls. Amongst the Parkinson's disease patients off dopamine replacement therapy, relatively better performance was associated with greater activation of right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex compared to controls, consistent with compensatory right hemisphere recruitment. Administration of levodopa remediated the working memory deficit in the Parkinson's disease group, and resulted in a different pattern of performance-correlated activity, with a shift to greater left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex activation in patients on, compared to off dopamine replacement therapy. Levodopa also significantly increased resting-state functional connectivity between caudate and right parietal cortex (within the right fronto-parietal attentional network). The strength of this connectivity contributed to better performance in patients and controls, suggesting a general compensatory mechanism. These findings argue that Parkinson's disease patients can recruit additional neural resources, here, the right fronto-parietal network, to optimize working memory performance despite impaired corticostriatal function. Levodopa seems to both boost engagement of a task-specific prefrontal region, and strengthen a putative compensatory caudate-cortical network to support this executive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison C Simioni
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Alain Dagher
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Lesley K Fellows
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Verfaillie SC, Tijms B, Versteeg A, Benedictus MR, Bouwman FH, Scheltens P, Barkhof F, Vrenken H, van der Flier WM. Thinner temporal and parietal cortex is related to incident clinical progression to dementia in patients with subjective cognitive decline. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 5:43-52. [PMID: 28054027 PMCID: PMC5198882 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to investigate if thinner cortex of the Alzheimer's disease (AD)-signature region was related to clinical progression in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). METHODS We included 302 SCD patients with clinical follow-up (≥1 year) and three-dimensional T1 magnetic resonance imaging. We estimated AD-signature cortical thickness, consisting of nine frontal, parietal, and temporal gyri and hippocampal volume. We used Cox proportional hazard models (hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals) to evaluate cortical thickness in relation to clinical progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. RESULTS After a follow-up of the mean (standard deviation) 3 (2) years, 49 patients (16%) showed clinical progression to MCI (n = 32), AD (n = 9), or non-AD dementia (n = 8). Hippocampal volumes, thinner cortex of the AD-signature (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval], 5 [2-17]) and various AD-signature subcomponents were associated with increased risk of clinical progression. Stratified analyses showed that thinner AD-signature cortex was specifically predictive for clinical progression to dementia but not to MCI. DISCUSSION In SCD patients, thinner regional cortex is associated with clinical progression to dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander C.J. Verfaillie
- Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Betty Tijms
- Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan Versteeg
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marije R. Benedictus
- Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Femke H. Bouwman
- Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
- Institute of Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, UK
| | - Hugo Vrenken
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Physics and Medical Technology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M. van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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27
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Provost JS, Brambati SM, Chapleau M, Wilson MA. The effect of aging on the brain network for exception word reading. Cortex 2016; 84:90-100. [PMID: 27721080 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive and computational models of reading aloud agree on the existence of two procedures for reading. Pseudowords (e.g., atendier) are correctly read through subword processes only while exception words (e.g., pint) are only correctly read via whole-words processes. Regular words can be correctly read by means of either way. Previous behavioral studies showed that older adults relied more on whole-word processing for reading. The aim of the present fMRI study was to verify whether this larger whole-word reliance for reading in older adults was reflected by changes in the pattern of brain activation. Both young and elderly participants read aloud pseudowords, exception and regular words in the scanner. Behavioral results reproduced those of previous studies showing that older adults made significantly less errors when reading exception words. Neuroimaging results showed significant activation of the left anterior temporal lobe (ATL), a key region implicated in whole-word reading for exception word reading in both young and elderly participants. Critically, ATL activation was also found for regular word reading in the elderly. No differences were observed in the pattern of activation between regular and pseudowords in the young. In conclusion, these results extend evidence on the critical role of the left ATL for exception word reading to elderly participants. Additionally, our study shows for the first time from a developmental point of view that the behavioral changes found in reading during normal aging also have a brain counterpart in the reading network changes that sustain exception and regular word reading in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Sebastien Provost
- Functional Neuroimaging Unit, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simona M Brambati
- Functional Neuroimaging Unit, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marianne Chapleau
- Functional Neuroimaging Unit, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maximiliano A Wilson
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec (CRIUSMQ) and Département de réadaptation, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
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Mückschel M, Beste C, Ziemssen T. Immunomodulatory treatments and cognition in MS. Acta Neurol Scand 2016; 134 Suppl 200:55-9. [PMID: 27580907 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairments occur frequently and early in multiple sclerosis (MS) and contribute significantly to a reduced quality of life of patients with MS. Executive functions (EFs) play a pivotal role for the behavioral adaption to the environment and are also crucial for compensatory processes of cognitive impairments. Disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) are effective in reducing the frequency of relapses and slow the disease progression in MS. The effects of DMDs on cognitive impairments were reviewed with a special focus on EFs. Most studies show some beneficial effects of DMDs on cognition in MS, but the evidence for effects on EFs is sparse. Additionally, most studies suffer from methodological issues, small sample sizes and learning effects. We discuss that EFs may constitute a viable cognitive endpoint for cognitive impairments in MS, which could foster the early detection of subtle cognitive changes in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Mückschel
- Department of Neurology; Faculty of Medicine; MS Centre Dresden; Centre of Clinical Neuroscience; TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Faculty of Medicine; Cognitive Neurophysiology; TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - C. Beste
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Faculty of Medicine; Cognitive Neurophysiology; TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
- Experimental Neurobiology; National Institute of Mental Health; Klecany Czech Republic
| | - T. Ziemssen
- Department of Neurology; Faculty of Medicine; MS Centre Dresden; Centre of Clinical Neuroscience; TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
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DeVaughn S, Müller-Oehring EM, Markey B, Brontë-Stewart HM, Schulte T. Aging with HIV-1 Infection: Motor Functions, Cognition, and Attention--A Comparison with Parkinson's Disease. Neuropsychol Rev 2015; 25:424-38. [PMID: 26577508 PMCID: PMC5519342 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-015-9305-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) in their various combinations have dramatically increased the life expectancies of HIV-infected persons. People diagnosed with HIV are living beyond the age of 50 but are experiencing the cumulative effects of HIV infection and aging on brain function. In HIV-infected aging individuals, the potential synergy between immunosenescence and HIV viral loads increases susceptibility to HIV-related brain injury and functional brain network degradation similar to that seen in Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in the aging population. Although there are clear diagnostic differences in the primary pathology of both diseases, i.e., death of dopamine-generating cells in the substantia nigra in PD and neuroinflammation in HIV, neurotoxicity to dopaminergic terminals in the basal ganglia (BG) has been implied in the pathogenesis of HIV and neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of PD. Similar to PD, HIV infection affects structures of the BG, which are part of interconnected circuits including mesocorticolimbic pathways linking brainstem nuclei to BG and cortices subserving attention, cognitive control, and motor functions. The present review discusses the combined effects of aging and neuroinflammation in HIV individuals on cognition and motor function in comparison with age-related neurodegenerative processes in PD. Despite the many challenges, some HIV patients manage to age successfully, most likely by redistribution of neural network resources to enhance function, as occurs in healthy elderly; such compensation could be curtailed by emerging PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S DeVaughn
- Bioscience Division, Neuroscience Program, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Pacific Graduate School of Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - E M Müller-Oehring
- Bioscience Division, Neuroscience Program, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - B Markey
- Pacific Graduate School of Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - H M Brontë-Stewart
- Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - T Schulte
- Bioscience Division, Neuroscience Program, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
- Pacific Graduate School of Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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