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Liampas I, Kyriakoulopoulou P, Siokas V, Tsiamaki E, Stamati P, Kefalopoulou Z, Chroni E, Dardiotis E. Apolipoprotein E Gene in α-Synucleinopathies: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1795. [PMID: 38339074 PMCID: PMC10855384 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this narrative review, we delved into the intricate interplay between Apolipoprotein E (APOE) alleles (typically associated with Alzheimer's disease-AD) and alpha-synucleinopathies (aS-pathies), involving Parkinson's disease (PD), Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple-system atrophy (MSA). First, in-vitro, animal, and human-based data on the exacerbating effect of APOE4 on LB pathology were summarized. We found robust evidence that APOE4 carriage constitutes a risk factor for PDD-APOE2, and APOE3 may not alter the risk of developing PDD. We confirmed that APOE4 copies confer an increased hazard towards DLB, as well. Again APOE2 and APOE3 appear unrelated to the risk of conversion. Of note, in individuals with DLB APOE4, carriage appears to be intermediately prevalent between AD and PDD-PD (AD > DLB > PDD > PD). Less consistency existed when it came to PD; APOE-PD associations tended to be markedly modified by ethnicity. Finally, we failed to establish an association between the APOE gene and MSA. Phenotypic associations (age of disease onset, survival, cognitive-neuropsychiatric- motor-, and sleep-related manifestations) between APOE alleles, and each of the aforementioned conditions were also outlined. Finally, a synopsis of literature gaps was provided followed by suggestions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Liampas
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece; (V.S.); (P.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Panagiota Kyriakoulopoulou
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio Patras, Greece; (P.K.); (E.T.); (Z.K.); (E.C.)
| | - Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece; (V.S.); (P.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Eirini Tsiamaki
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio Patras, Greece; (P.K.); (E.T.); (Z.K.); (E.C.)
| | - Polyxeni Stamati
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece; (V.S.); (P.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Zinovia Kefalopoulou
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio Patras, Greece; (P.K.); (E.T.); (Z.K.); (E.C.)
| | - Elisabeth Chroni
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio Patras, Greece; (P.K.); (E.T.); (Z.K.); (E.C.)
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece; (V.S.); (P.S.); (E.D.)
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Omar NA, Kumar J, Teoh SL. Parkinson's disease model in zebrafish using intraperitoneal MPTP injection. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1236049. [PMID: 37694115 PMCID: PMC10485380 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1236049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease that severely affects the quality of life of patients and their family members. Exposure to 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) has been shown to reflect behavioral, molecular, and proteomic features of PD. This study aimed to assess the protocol for inducing PD following MPTP injection in adult zebrafish. Methods Fish were injected with 100 μg/g of MPTP intraperitoneally once or twice and then assessed on days 1 to 30 post-injection. Results Between one-time and two-time injections, there was no significant difference in most locomotor parameters, expressions of tyrosine hydroxylase-2 (th2) and dopamine transporter (dat) genes, and dopaminergic neurons (tyrosine hydroxylase positive, TH+ cells) counts. However, caspase-3 levels significantly differed between one- and two-time injections on the day 1 assessment. Discussion Over a 30-day period, the parameters showed significant differences in swimming speed, total distance traveled, tyrosine hydroxylase-1 (th1) and dat gene expressions, caspase-3 and glutathione protein levels, and TH+ cell counts. Days 3 and 5 showed the most changes compared to the control. In conclusion, a one-time injection of MPTP with delayed assessment on days 3 to 5 is a good PD model for animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Azzizah Omar
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Jaya Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Seong Lin Teoh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Wang S, Xue Y, Zhang J, Meng H, Zhang J, Li X, Zhang Z, Li H, Pan B, Lu X, Zhang Q, Niu Q. Interaction between aluminum exposure and ApoEε4 gene on cognitive function of in-service workers. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 323:138282. [PMID: 36868418 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and development of cognitive impairment, the early stage of AD, may be affected both by factors of environmental (aluminum exposure) and genetic (ApoEε4 gene). But whether there is an interaction between the two factors on cognitive function is still unknown. To explore the interaction between the two factors on cognitive function of in-service workers. A total of 1121 in-service workers in a large aluminum factory were investigated in Shanxi Province. Cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE), the clock-drawing test (CDT), the Digit Span Test (DST, including DSFT and DSBT), the fuld object memory evaluation (FOM), and the verbal fluency task (VFT). The plasma-Al (p-Al) concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) as an internal exposure indicator, and the participants were divided into four Al exposure groups according to the quartile of p-Al concentrations, namely Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4. ApoE genotype was determined by Ligase Detection Reaction (LDR). The multiplicative model was fitted using non-conditional logistic regression and additive model was fitted using crossover analysis to analyze the interaction between p-Al concentrations and the ApoEε4 gene. Finally, a dose-response relationship between p-Al concentrations and cognitive impairment was observed, with the p-Al concentrations increased, cognitive function performance gradually becomes worse (Ptrend<0.05), and the risk of cognitive impairment gradually increases (Ptrend<0.05), mainly in executive/visuospatial impairment, auditory memory impairment (particularly the working memory impairment). And ApoEε4 gene may be a risk factor for cognitive impairment, while no association between the ApoEε2 gene and cognitive impairment is observed. Additionally, an additive but no multiplicative interaction between p-Al concentrations and ApoEε4 gene is observed, and when the two factors work together, the risk of cognitive impairment further increased, of which 44.2% can be attributed to the interaction effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Special Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Yingjun Xue
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Jintao Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Huaxing Meng
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China; Department of Neurology, First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Jingsi Zhang
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Special Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Zhuoran Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China; Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, China
| | - Baolong Pan
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China; Sixth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University (General Hospital of Tisco), Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xiaoting Lu
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazards and Health Damage of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Qinli Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazards and Health Damage of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Qiao Niu
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazards and Health Damage of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China.
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Clavijo-Moran HJC, Álvarez-García D, Pinilla-Monsalve GD, Muñoz-Ospina B, Orozco J. Psychometric properties and construct validity of the Parkinson’s Disease-Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS) in Colombia. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1018176. [DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1018176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundCognitive impairment is frequent among people living with Parkinson’s disease: up to 40% of patients exhibit symptoms of mild cognitive impairment and 25% meet the criteria for dementia. Parkinson’s Disease Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS) is one of the recommended scales by the Movement Disorders Society Task Force for level 1 screening of dementia. However, its psychometric properties have not been studied in the Colombian population.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with Parkinson’s disease diagnosed by a movement disorders neurologist. Patients were evaluated with PD-CRS and MoCA. Principal component analysis was conducted, and then confirmatory factor analysis was implemented through the maximum-likelihood method. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach α. Convergent and divergent validity were also calculated and concurrent validity with the MoCA was assessed.Results62% were males. Their median age was 68 years (IQR 57–74) and the median disease duration was 4 years (IQR 2–9). 77% were classified in early stages (Hoehn and Yahr stage ≤ 2), while the MDS-UPDRS part III score was 25 (IQR 15.5–38). In the principal component factor analysis, the pattern matrix unveiled a mnesic and a non-mnesic domain. Confirmatory factor analysis showed similar explanatory capacity (λ ≥ 0.50) for items other than naming (λ = 0.34). Cronbach’s α for the full 9-items instrument was 0.74. MoCA and PD-CRS total scores were correlated (ρ = 0.71, p = 0.000). Assuming a cut-off score of 62 points, there is an agreement of 89% with the definition of dementia by MoCA for Colombia (κ = 0.59; p = 0.000).ConclusionPD-CRS has acceptable psychometric properties for the Colombian population and has significant correlation and agreement with a validated scale (MoCA).
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Umeh CC, Mahajan A, Mihailovic A, Pontone GM. APOE4 Allele, Sex, and Dementia Risk in Parkinson's Disease: Lessons From a Longitudinal Cohort. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2022; 35:810-815. [PMID: 34958617 PMCID: PMC11062588 DOI: 10.1177/08919887211060019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effect of APOE4 allele on dementia risk is well established in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD). However, it is unknown if sex modifies this relationship. We sought to determine the effect of sex on the relationship between APOE4 status and incident cognitive decline in PD. METHODS Data from the prospectively collected longitudinal National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) Uniform Data Set (UDS) and Neuropathology Data Set (NDS) were analyzed. The NACC develops and maintains data from approximately 29 National Institutes of Aging-funded Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers. Further details may be found at the NACC web site (www.alz.washington.edu). The visit at which diagnosis of PD was made was termed the baseline visit. All patients with a PD diagnosis but without dementia at the baseline visit were included in the analyses. RESULTS Presence of APOE4 allele was associated with higher odds (OR = 7.4; P < .001) of subsequent diagnosis of dementia and with a faster time to developing dementia (P = .04). Those with APOE4 allele were more likely to have neuropathology associated with Alzheimer's disease than those without APOE4 allele. We did not find any difference by sex. There were no differences between Lewy body pathology or neuron loss in the substantia nigra between the 2 groups. Sex was not associated with dementia risk in PD (OR = 0.53, P = .15) or with the time to dementia onset (P = .22). Sex did not modify the relationship between the APOE4 allele and dementia onset in PD patients (P = .12). CONCLUSIONS APOE4 allele status in PD may be a predictor of cognitive decline in PD but does not appear to be modified by sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chizoba C. Umeh
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Lahey Health, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - Abhimanyu Mahajan
- Rush Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Program, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Gregory M. Pontone
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology (GMP), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Nasri A, Sghaier I, Gharbi A, Mrabet S, Ben Djebara M, Gargouri A, Kacem I, Gouider R. Role of Apolipoprotein E in the Clinical Profile of Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2022; 36:36-43. [PMID: 35001031 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atypical Parkinsonian syndromes (APS) encompass a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases including dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and corticobasal syndrome (CBS). The effects of the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene on APS clinical features are controversial and understudied in several populations. We aimed to explore the influence of APOE genotype on clinical features in an APS Tunisian cohort. METHODS We included clinically diagnosed APS patients genotyped for APOE, and analyzed the clinical and APOE genotype associations. RESULTS A total of 328 APS patients were included, comprising 184 DLB, 58 PSP, 49 MSA, and 37 CBS. Significant differences in initial Mini-Mental State Examination and Frontal Assessment Battery scores according to APOE genotypes (P=0.05 and 0.0048) were found. Executive dysfunction (P=0.026) disorientation (P=0.025), and hallucinations (P<0.001) were more pronounced among APOE-ɛ4 carriers particularly in DLB. Memory disorders were also correlated to APOE-ɛ4 allele (P=0.048) and were more frequent among DLB and PSP carriers. Depression was associated to APOE-ε4 (P=0.042), more markedly in APOE-ε4-CBS and MSA carriers. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested a role of APOE-ε4 in defining a more altered cognitive phenotype with variable degrees across subgroups in APS patients, especially in DLB carriers. This effect mainly concerned executive, memory and orientation functions as well as hallucinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Nasri
- Department of Neurology, LR18SP03, Clinical Investigation Centre "Neurosciences and Mental Health", Razi University Hospital
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ikram Sghaier
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Alya Gharbi
- Department of Neurology, LR18SP03, Clinical Investigation Centre "Neurosciences and Mental Health", Razi University Hospital
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Saloua Mrabet
- Department of Neurology, LR18SP03, Clinical Investigation Centre "Neurosciences and Mental Health", Razi University Hospital
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Ben Djebara
- Department of Neurology, LR18SP03, Clinical Investigation Centre "Neurosciences and Mental Health", Razi University Hospital
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amina Gargouri
- Department of Neurology, LR18SP03, Clinical Investigation Centre "Neurosciences and Mental Health", Razi University Hospital
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Imen Kacem
- Department of Neurology, LR18SP03, Clinical Investigation Centre "Neurosciences and Mental Health", Razi University Hospital
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Gouider
- Department of Neurology, LR18SP03, Clinical Investigation Centre "Neurosciences and Mental Health", Razi University Hospital
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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Parkinson's Disease-Cognitive Rating Scale for Evaluating Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10090588. [PMID: 32854426 PMCID: PMC7565957 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10090588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present systematic review was to examine the evidence on the accuracy and psychometric properties of the Parkinson’s Disease-Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS) for evaluating the presence of cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) as well as to highlight the quality and quantity of research available on the use of the PD-CRS in this population. We searched four databases from inception until July 2020. Eight studies, published between 2008 and 2020, met the inclusion criteria: One cross-sectional study in which participants were assessed with the index test (PD-CRS) and a reference standard diagnostic assessment, in accordance with the Level II criteria of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS); one case-control study comparing the PD-CRS to an extensive battery of tests (i.e., MDS Level II diagnosis); and six studies comparing the PD-CRS to other short cognitive batteries. In patients with Parkinson’s disease, the PD-CRS test provides information about cortical and sub-cortical cognitive functions. Even if it demonstrated good psychometric properties, the results regarding the optimal threshold for detecting mild cognitive impairment and dementia in PD are somewhat inconsistent. Further cross-sectional studies are necessary to examine the optimum cut-off score for detecting cognitive dysfunction in PD patients.
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Markaki I, Bergström S, Tsitsi P, Remnestål J, Månberg A, Hertz E, Paslawski W, Sorjonen K, Uhlén M, Mangone G, Carvalho S, Rascol O, Meissner WG, Magnin E, Wüllner U, Corvol JC, Nilsson P, Svenningsson P. Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of Kininogen-1 Indicate Early Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2020; 35:2101-2106. [PMID: 33179332 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is common in patients with PD. Core markers of Alzheimer's dementia have been related also to PD dementia, but no disease-specific signature to predict PD dementia exists to date. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate CSF markers associated with cognition in early PD. METHODS A high-throughput suspension bead array examined 216 proteins in CSF of 74 PD patients in the AETIONOMY project. Cognitive function was assessed with Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of the Neuropsychological Status, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Mini-Mental State Examination. RESULTS Of 69 patients with complete data, 34 had high (≥90) and 35 had low Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of the Neuropsychological Status total score (<90). Of 14 proteins in CSF that differed in levels between groups, increased kininogen-1, validated with several antibodies, was independently associated with lower Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of the Neuropsychological Status and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores after adjustment for confounders. CONCLUSIONS Kininogen-1 levels in CSF may serve as a marker of cognitive impairment in PD. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Markaki
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sofia Bergström
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Panagiota Tsitsi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julia Remnestål
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Månberg
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ellen Hertz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wojciech Paslawski
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kimmo Sorjonen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Division of Systems Biology, Department of Protein Science, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Graziella Mangone
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, NS-PARK/FCRIN network, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Department of Neurology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Stephanie Carvalho
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, NS-PARK/FCRIN network, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Department of Neurology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Rascol
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436, Centre Expert Parkinson de Toulouse, Département Neurosciences et pharmacologie Clinique, NS-PARK/FCRIN network, NeuroToul COEN Center; INSERM, University Hospital of Toulouse and University of Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Wassilios G Meissner
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Expert Parkinson, NS-PARK/FCRIN network, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France and Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, CNRS, Bordeaux, France.,Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, and New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Eloi Magnin
- Regional Parkinson Expert Center and Regional Memory Center (CMRR), Department of Neurology, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Ullrich Wüllner
- University Hospital Bonn and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Jean-Christophe Corvol
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, NS-PARK/FCRIN network, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Department of Neurology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Bayram E, Banks SJ, Shan G, Kaplan N, Caldwell JZK. Sex Differences in Cognitive Changes in De Novo Parkinson's Disease. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2020; 26:241-249. [PMID: 31822306 PMCID: PMC7282562 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617719001085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the sex differences in cognitive course over 4 years in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI) compared to controls. METHODS Four-year longitudinal cognitive scores of 257 cognitively intact PD, 167 PD-MCI, and 140 controls from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative were included. Longitudinal scores of men and women, and PD with and without MCI were compared. RESULTS Women had better verbal memory, men had better visuospatial function. There was no interaction between sex, diagnostic group, and/or time (4-year follow-up period). CONCLUSIONS Sex differences in cognitive course in de novo PD are similar to healthy aging. Cognitive decline rates in PD with and without MCI are similar for the first 4 years of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Bayram
- University of California San Diego, Department of Neurosciences, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sarah J. Banks
- University of California San Diego, Department of Neurosciences, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Guogen Shan
- University of Nevada Las Vegas, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Nikki Kaplan
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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Sung MS, Choi SM, Kim J, Ha JY, Kim BC, Heo H, Park SW. Inner retinal thinning as a biomarker for cognitive impairment in de novo Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11832. [PMID: 31413302 PMCID: PMC6694167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48388-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the association between retinal changes measured using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and diverse clinical grading scales in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Seventy-four eyes of 74 patients with de novo PD and 53 eyes of age-matched control subjects were included. The thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) were measured. We analyzed the correlations between the clinical PD grading scales and OCT parameters, and between the OCT parameters and volumetric data in the cerebral cortical and subcortical structures. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated for diagnosing cognitive impairment in patients with PD. Statistically significant reductions in the thickness of average, temporal, and inferior pRNFL and overall mGCIPL were observed in patients with PD. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment score was significantly associated with mGCIPL thinning. The AUC of the mGCIPL parameters for diagnosing cognitive impairment in patients with PD ranged from 0.651 to 0.760. Moreover, thinning of the mGCIPL was significantly associated with the volumetric parameters of associated brain structures. Our findings highlight the clinical implications of OCT measurements as a potential biomarker for early detection of cognitive impairment in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Sun Sung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Seong-Min Choi
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jonghwa Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jun Young Ha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Byeong-Chae Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hwan Heo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sang Woo Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea.
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Jones JD, Burroughs M, Apodaca M, Bunch J. Greater intraindividual variability in neuropsychological performance predicts cognitive impairment in de novo Parkinson's disease. Neuropsychology 2019; 34:24-30. [PMID: 31219297 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that commonly results in cognitive impairments and dementia. Intraindividual variability of neuropsychological performance is a sensitive marker of cognitive decline in other neurologic populations. However, studies have not examined the longitudinal utility of intraindividual variability in predicting future cognitive impairments among individuals with PD. In the current study, we hypothesized that increased intraindividual variability would predict future cognitive decline independent of traditional neuropsychological markers of cognitive impairment. METHODS The sample included 423 newly diagnosed PD patients and 175 healthy controls, who were followed up to 5 years (baseline, first, second, third, fourth, and fifth annual follow-up). Participants underwent tests of learning, memory, processing speed, attention, verbal fluency, and visuospatial functioning. Cognitive status (cognitive intact, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia) was classified based on previously established criteria. Multilevel models were computed to examine the longitudinal relationship between intraindividual variability, cognitive status, and general cognitive functioning. RESULTS Analyses revealed that increased intraindividual variability was predictive of incident cognitive decline among individuals with PD. Specifically, greater dispersion in neuropsychological performance was associated with greater risk of transitioning from cognitively intact to mild cognitive impairment or transitioning from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. Additional analyses revealed a significant Intraindividual Variability × Group (PD or control) interaction, meaning that intraindividual variability was predictive of declines in cognitive functioning among PD participants only but not healthy controls. CONCLUSION Intraindividual variability may be a harbinger for future cognitive decline among individuals with PD. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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12
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Ho BL, Lin SF, Chou PS, Hsu CY, Liou LM, Lai CL. Impaired conflict monitoring in cognitive decline. Behav Brain Res 2019; 363:70-76. [PMID: 30695708 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Resolving conflicts is an important cognitive ability of executive function, and it may decrease with cognitive decline. The flanker task is a practical test used to assess the ability to suppress responses that are inappropriate in a particular context. The aims of the present study were to investigate conflict monitoring of cognitive control in subjects with different levels of cognitive impairment, and clarify the usefulness of the flanker task in screening cognitive decline. We recruited 50 subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 34 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 44 mentally healthy elderly subjects as a control group. To evaluate cognitive performance, each participant underwent a neuropsychological assessment using the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument and a modified flanker task. Compared with the normal controls and those with MCI, the patients with AD had a significantly lower accuracy rate and longer reaction time in both congruent and incongruent trials. The diagnosis of AD predicted significantly poorer performances on the flanker tasks. Furthermore, behavioral data of the patients with AD were significantly correlated with the results of neuropsychological tests. Our results indicated that executive cognitive deficits in conflict monitoring as detected by the flanker task were significantly impaired in the patients with AD. The flanker task could be a quick and easier alternative tool for screening AD among elderly people with suspicious cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Lin Ho
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Gangshan Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Feng Lin
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Clinical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Song Chou
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yao Hsu
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Min Liou
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Lian Lai
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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13
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Rohn TT, Mack JM. Apolipoprotein E Fragmentation within Lewy Bodies of the Human Parkinson's Disease Brain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS 2018; 1. [PMID: 30272057 PMCID: PMC6159338 DOI: 10.23937/ijnd-2017/1710002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although harboring the Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele is a well-known risk factor in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), whether a similar risk holds true for Parkinson’s disease (PD) is currently not known. To investigate whether apoE pathology is present in PD, an immunohistochemical study was undertaken with fixed, human PD brain sections from the substantia nigra utilizing a recently characterized antibody that detects an amino-terminal fragment of apoE. This antibody, termed the apoE cleavage fragment p17 (nApoECFp17) antibody specifically detects an amino-terminal 17 kDa fragment of apoE without reacting with full-length forms of the protein. Application of this antibody revealed the presence of this fragment in Lewy bodies in all cases examined. Colocalization of nApoECFp17 with an antibody to alpha-synuclein (α-Syn), which served as a general marker for Lewy bodies, indicated the presence of this apoE fragment in 87.5% of all identified Lewy bodies. In addition, localization of nApoECFp17 was also evident within oligodendrocytes, the nucleus of melatonin-containing neurons, and blood vessels. Conversely, little staining was observed in the substantia nigra from Pick’s disease or in the frontal cortex of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) cases, suggesting a specificity for nApoECFp17 immunoreactivity in PD. Collectively, these data have identified widespread evidence for apoE fragmentation in the human PD brain and documented for the first time the presence of apoE within Lewy bodies, the major pathological marker for this neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy T Rohn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, USA
| | - Jacob M Mack
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, USA
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14
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Cataldi S, Arcuri C, Hunot S, Mecca C, Codini M, Laurenti ME, Ferri I, Loreti E, Garcia-Gil M, Traina G, Conte C, Ambesi-Impiombato FS, Beccari T, Curcio F, Albi E. Effect of Vitamin D in HN9.10e Embryonic Hippocampal Cells and in Hippocampus from MPTP-Induced Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:31. [PMID: 29467625 PMCID: PMC5808335 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It has long been proven that neurogenesis continues in the adult brains of mammals in the dentatus gyrus of the hippocampus due to the presence of neural stem cells. Although a large number of studies have been carried out to highlight the localization of vitamin D receptor in hippocampus, the expression of vitamin D receptor in neurogenic dentatus gyrus of hippocampus in Parkinson's disease (PD) and the molecular mechanisms triggered by vitamin D underlying the production of differentiated neurons from embryonic cells remain unknown. Thus, we performed a preclinical in vivo study by inducing PD in mice with MPTP and showed a reduction of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vitamin D receptor in the dentatus gyrus of hippocampus. Then, we performed an in vitro study by inducing embryonic hippocampal cell differentiation with vitamin D. Interestingly, vitamin D stimulates the expression of its receptor. Vitamin D receptor is a transcription factor that probably is responsible for the upregulation of microtubule associated protein 2 and neurofilament heavy polypeptide genes. The latter increases heavy neurofilament protein expression, essential for neurofilament growth. Notably N-cadherin, implicated in activity for dendritic outgrowth, is upregulated by vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuela Cataldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Cataldo Arcuri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stéphane Hunot
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelleépinière, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Carmen Mecca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michela Codini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria E. Laurenti
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ivana Ferri
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Loreti
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Mercedes Garcia-Gil
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood, Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanna Traina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Carmela Conte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Albi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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