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Maejima I, Sato K. New aspects of a small GTPase RAB35 in brain development and function. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1971-1980. [PMID: 39254551 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, organelles in the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways actively exchange biological materials with each other through intracellular membrane trafficking, which is the process of transporting the cargo of proteins, lipids, and other molecules to appropriate compartments via transport vesicles or intermediates. These processes are strictly regulated by various small GTPases such as the RAS-like in rat brain (RAB) protein family, which is the largest subfamily of the RAS superfamily. Dysfunction of membrane trafficking affects tissue homeostasis and leads to a wide range of diseases, including neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, it is important to understand the physiological and pathological roles of RAB proteins in brain function. RAB35, a member of the RAB family, is an evolutionarily conserved protein in metazoans. A wide range of studies using cultured mammalian cells and model organisms have revealed that RAB35 mediates various processes such as cytokinesis, endocytic recycling, actin bundling, and cell migration. RAB35 is also involved in neurite outgrowth and turnover of synaptic vesicles. We generated brain-specific Rab35 knockout mice to study the physiological roles of RAB35 in brain development and function. These mice exhibited defects in anxiety-related behaviors and spatial memory. Strikingly, RAB35 is required for the precise positioning of pyramidal neurons during hippocampal development, and thereby for normal hippocampal lamination. In contrast, layer formation in the cerebral cortex occurred superficially, even in the absence of RAB35, suggesting a predominant role for RAB35 in hippocampal development rather than in cerebral cortex development. Recent studies have suggested an association between RAB35 and neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of subcellular functions of RAB35. We also provide insights into the physiological role of RAB35 in mammalian brain development and function, and discuss the involvement of RAB35 dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuko Maejima
- Laboratory of Molecular Traffic, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
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2
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Ortiz-Vega N, Lobato AG, Canic T, Zhu Y, Lazopulo S, Syed S, Zhai RG. Regulation of proteostasis by sleep through autophagy in Drosophila models of Alzheimer's disease. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402681. [PMID: 39237365 PMCID: PMC11377308 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep and circadian rhythm dysfunctions are common clinical features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Increasing evidence suggests that in addition to being a symptom, sleep disturbances can also drive the progression of neurodegeneration. Protein aggregation is a pathological hallmark of AD; however, the molecular pathways behind how sleep affects protein homeostasis remain elusive. Here we demonstrate that sleep modulation influences proteostasis and the progression of neurodegeneration in Drosophila models of tauopathy. We show that sleep deprivation enhanced Tau aggregational toxicity resulting in exacerbated synaptic degeneration. In contrast, sleep induction using gaboxadol led to reduced toxic Tau accumulation in neurons as a result of modulated autophagic flux and enhanced clearance of ubiquitinated Tau, suggesting altered protein processing and clearance that resulted in improved synaptic integrity and function. These findings highlight the complex relationship between sleep and regulation of protein homeostasis and the neuroprotective potential of sleep-enhancing therapeutics to slow the progression or delay the onset of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Ortiz-Vega
- https://ror.org/024mw5h28 Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Amanda G Lobato
- https://ror.org/024mw5h28 Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tijana Canic
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Sheyum Syed
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - R Grace Zhai
- https://ror.org/024mw5h28 Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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3
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Giong HK, Hyeon SJ, Lee JG, Cho HJ, Park U, Stein TD, Lee J, Yu K, Ryu H, Lee JS. Tau accumulation is cleared by the induced expression of VCP via autophagy. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 148:46. [PMID: 39316141 PMCID: PMC11422276 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-024-02804-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Tauopathy, including frontotemporal lobar dementia and Alzheimer's disease, describes a class of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the aberrant accumulation of Tau protein due to defects in proteostasis. Upon generating and characterizing a stable transgenic zebrafish that expresses the human TAUP301L mutant in a neuron-specific manner, we found that accumulating Tau protein was efficiently cleared via an enhanced autophagy activity despite constant Tau mRNA expression; apparent tauopathy-like phenotypes were revealed only when the autophagy was genetically or chemically inhibited. We performed RNA-seq analysis, genetic knockdown, and rescue experiments with clinically relevant point mutations of valosin-containing protein (VCP), and showed that induced expression of VCP, an essential cytosolic chaperone for the protein quality system, was a key factor for Tau degradation via its facilitation of the autophagy flux. This novel function of VCP in Tau clearance was further confirmed in a tauopathy mouse model where VCP overexpression significantly decreased the level of phosphorylated and oligomeric/aggregate Tau and rescued Tau-induced cognitive behavioral phenotypes, which were reversed when the autophagy was blocked. Importantly, VCP expression in the brains of human Alzheimer's disease patients was severely downregulated, consistent with its proposed role in Tau clearance. Taken together, these results suggest that enhancing the expression and activity of VCP in a spatiotemporal manner to facilitate the autophagy pathway is a potential therapeutic approach for treating tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi-Khoanh Giong
- Microbiome Convergence Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC, 29646, USA
| | - Seung Jae Hyeon
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Geun Lee
- Microbiome Convergence Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Cho
- Microbiome Convergence Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Uiyeol Park
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Thor D Stein
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Junghee Lee
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Kweon Yu
- Disease Target Structure Research Centre, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Ryu
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Soo Lee
- Microbiome Convergence Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Wang J, Huo X, Zhou H, Liu H, Li X, Lu N, Sun X. Identification of Autophagy-Related Candidate Genes in the Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease and Exploration of Potential Molecular Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:6584-6598. [PMID: 38329682 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify autophagy-related candidate genes for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and elucidate their potential molecular mechanisms. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and phenotype-associated significant module genes were obtained using the "limma" package and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) based on hippocampal tissue datasets from AD patients and control samples. The intersection between the list of autophagy-related genes (ATGs), DEGs, and module genes was further investigated to obtain AD-autophagy-related differential expression genes (ATDEGs). Subsequently, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was utilized to identify hub genes, and a second intersection was performed with important module genes from the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network to obtain co-hub genes. Finally, a diagnostic model was constructed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine the candidate genes with high diagnostic efficacy in the external validation set. Moreover, immune infiltration analysis was performed on AD patient brain tissues and explore the correlation between candidate genes and immune cells. We further analyzed the expression level of candidate genes in the SH-SY5Y cells with Aβ25-35 (25 µM). Among the 17 identified AD-ATDEGs, ATP6V1E1 stood out with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.869, 0.817, and 0.714 in the external validation set, underscoring its high diagnostic efficacy in both hippocampal and peripheral blood contexts for AD patients. Meanwhile, ATP6V1E1 expression was positively correlated with effector memory CD4 + T cells, while negatively correlated with natural killer T cells and activated CD4 + T cells. Results from quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunofluorescence assays indicated a reduction in ATP6V1E1 expression, aligning with our database analysis findings. In summary, ATP6V1E1 as a candidate gene provides a new perspective for the early identification and pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- The Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Hunan Guangxiu Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
- Hunan Guangxiu Medical Imaging Diagnosis Center, Changsha, China.
| | - Xinhua Huo
- Hunan Guangxiu Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Huiqin Zhou
- Hunan Guangxiu Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Huasheng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Central South University, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Hunan Guangxiu Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Na Lu
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- The Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Pollack SJ, Dakkak D, Guo T, Chennell G, Gomez-Suaga P, Noble W, Jimenez-Sanchez M, Hanger DP. Truncated tau interferes with the autophagy and endolysosomal pathway and results in lipid accumulation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:304. [PMID: 39009859 PMCID: PMC11335226 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05337-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The autophagy-lysosomal pathway plays a critical role in the clearance of tau protein aggregates that deposit in the brain in tauopathies, and defects in this system are associated with disease pathogenesis. Here, we report that expression of Tau35, a tauopathy-associated carboxy-terminal fragment of tau, leads to lipid accumulation in cell lines and primary cortical neurons. Our findings suggest that this is likely due to a deleterious block of autophagic clearance and lysosomal degradative capacity by Tau35. Notably, upon induction of autophagy by Torin 1, Tau35 inhibited nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a key regulator of lysosomal biogenesis. Both cell lines and primary cortical neurons expressing Tau35 also exhibited changes in endosomal protein expression. These findings implicate autophagic and endolysosomal dysfunction as key pathological mechanisms through which disease-associated tau fragments could lead to the development and progression of tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia J Pollack
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 5 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Dina Dakkak
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 5 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Tong Guo
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 5 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - George Chennell
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 5 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Patricia Gomez-Suaga
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 5 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Cáceres, Spain
| | - Wendy Noble
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 5 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK.
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Hatherly Laboratories, University of Exeter, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter, EX4 4PS, UK.
| | - Maria Jimenez-Sanchez
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 5 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK.
| | - Diane P Hanger
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 5 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RX, UK
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6
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Rabanal-Ruiz Y, Pedrero-Prieto CM, Sanchez-Rodriguez L, Flores-Cuadrado A, Saiz-Sanchez D, Frontinan-Rubio J, Ubeda-Banon I, Duran Prado M, Martinez-Marcos A, Peinado JR. Differential accumulation of human β-amyloid and tau from enriched extracts in neuronal and endothelial cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167204. [PMID: 38679217 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
While Aβ and Tau cellular distribution has been largely studied, the comparative internalization and subcellular accumulation of Tau and Aβ isolated from human brain extracts in endothelial and neuronal cells has not yet been unveiled. We have previously demonstrated that controlled enrichment of Aβ from human brain extracts constitutes a valuable tool to monitor cellular internalization in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we establish an alternative method to strongly enrich Aβ and Tau aggregates from human AD brains, which has allowed us to study and compare the cellular internalization, distribution and toxicity of both proteins within brain barrier endothelial (bEnd.3) and neuronal (Neuro2A) cells. Our findings demonstrate the suitability of human enriched brain extracts to monitor the intracellular distribution of human Aβ and Tau, which, once internalized, show dissimilar sorting to different organelles within the cell and differential toxicity, exhibiting higher toxic effects on neuronal cells than on endothelial cells. While tau is strongly concentrated preferentially in mitochondria, Aβ is distributed predominantly within the endolysosomal system in endothelial cells, whereas the endoplasmic reticulum was its preferential location in neurons. Altogether, our findings display a picture of the interactions that human Aβ and Tau might establish in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Rabanal-Ruiz
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - C M Pedrero-Prieto
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - L Sanchez-Rodriguez
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - A Flores-Cuadrado
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Neuroplasticity and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - D Saiz-Sanchez
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Neuroplasticity and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - J Frontinan-Rubio
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - I Ubeda-Banon
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Neuroplasticity and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - M Duran Prado
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - A Martinez-Marcos
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Neuroplasticity and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Juan R Peinado
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain.
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7
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Davis GH, Zaya A, Pearce MMP. Impairment of the Glial Phagolysosomal System Drives Prion-Like Propagation in a Drosophila Model of Huntington's Disease. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1256232024. [PMID: 38589228 PMCID: PMC11097281 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1256-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein misfolding, aggregation, and spread through the brain are primary drivers of neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. Phagocytic glia are responsible for regulating the load of pathological proteins in the brain, but emerging evidence suggests that glia may also act as vectors for aggregate spread. Accumulation of protein aggregates could compromise the ability of glia to eliminate toxic materials from the brain by disrupting efficient degradation in the phagolysosomal system. A better understanding of phagocytic glial cell deficiencies in the disease state could help to identify novel therapeutic targets for multiple neurological disorders. Here, we report that mutant huntingtin (mHTT) aggregates impair glial responsiveness to injury and capacity to degrade neuronal debris in male and female adult Drosophila expressing the gene that causes Huntington's disease (HD). mHTT aggregate formation in neurons impairs engulfment and clearance of injured axons and causes accumulation of phagolysosomes in glia. Neuronal mHTT expression induces upregulation of key innate immunity and phagocytic genes, some of which were found to regulate mHTT aggregate burden in the brain. A forward genetic screen revealed Rab10 as a novel component of Draper-dependent phagocytosis that regulates mHTT aggregate transmission from neurons to glia. These data suggest that glial phagocytic defects enable engulfed mHTT aggregates to evade lysosomal degradation and acquire prion-like characteristics. Together, our findings uncover new mechanisms that enhance our understanding of the beneficial and harmful effects of phagocytic glia in HD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham H Davis
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19131
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Aprem Zaya
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Margaret M Panning Pearce
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19131
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
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8
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Basheer N, Buee L, Brion JP, Smolek T, Muhammadi MK, Hritz J, Hromadka T, Dewachter I, Wegmann S, Landrieu I, Novak P, Mudher A, Zilka N. Shaping the future of preclinical development of successful disease-modifying drugs against Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review of tau propagation models. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:52. [PMID: 38576010 PMCID: PMC10993623 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01748-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The transcellular propagation of the aberrantly modified protein tau along the functional brain network is a key hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies. Inoculation-based tau propagation models can recapitulate the stereotypical spread of tau and reproduce various types of tau inclusions linked to specific tauopathy, albeit with varying degrees of fidelity. With this systematic review, we underscore the significance of judicious selection and meticulous functional, biochemical, and biophysical characterization of various tau inocula. Furthermore, we highlight the necessity of choosing suitable animal models and inoculation sites, along with the critical need for validation of fibrillary pathology using confirmatory staining, to accurately recapitulate disease-specific inclusions. As a practical guide, we put forth a framework for establishing a benchmark of inoculation-based tau propagation models that holds promise for use in preclinical testing of disease-modifying drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Basheer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Luc Buee
- Inserm, CHU Lille, CNRS, LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, University of Lille, 59000, Lille, France.
| | - Jean-Pierre Brion
- Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Histology, Alzheimer and Other Tauopathies Research Group (CP 620), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808, Route de Lennik, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tomas Smolek
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Muhammad Khalid Muhammadi
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Hritz
- CEITEC Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Hromadka
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ilse Dewachter
- Biomedical Research Institute, BIOMED, Hasselt University, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Susanne Wegmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabelle Landrieu
- CNRS EMR9002 - BSI - Integrative Structural Biology, 59000, Lille, France
- Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, University of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Petr Novak
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Amritpal Mudher
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Norbert Zilka
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia.
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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9
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Feng T, Du H, Yang C, Wang Y, Hu F. Loss of TMEM106B exacerbates Tau pathology and neurodegeneration in PS19 mice. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:62. [PMID: 38526799 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-024-02702-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
TMEM106B, a gene encoding a lysosome membrane protein, is tightly associated with brain aging, hypomyelinating leukodystrophy, and multiple neurodegenerative diseases, including frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 aggregates (FTLD-TDP). Recently, TMEM106B polymorphisms have been associated with tauopathy in chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) and FTLD-TDP patients. However, how TMEM106B influences Tau pathology and its associated neurodegeneration, is unclear. Here we show that loss of TMEM106B enhances the accumulation of pathological Tau, especially in the neuronal soma in the hippocampus, resulting in severe neuronal loss in the PS19 Tau transgenic mice. Moreover, Tmem106b-/- PS19 mice develop significantly increased abnormalities in the neuronal cytoskeleton, autophagy-lysosome activities, as well as glial activation, compared with PS19 and Tmem106b-/- mice. Together, our findings demonstrate that loss of TMEM106B drastically exacerbates Tau pathology and its associated disease phenotypes, and provide new insights into the roles of TMEM106B in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuancheng Feng
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, 345 Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Huan Du
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, 345 Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Cha Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, 345 Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, 345 Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Fenghua Hu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, 345 Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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10
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Sidoryk-Węgrzynowicz M, Adamiak K, Strużyńska L. Astrocyte-Neuron Interaction via the Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle and Its Dysfunction in Tau-Dependent Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3050. [PMID: 38474295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Astroglia constitute the largest group of glial cells and are involved in numerous actions that are critical to neuronal development and functioning, such as maintaining the blood-brain barrier, forming synapses, supporting neurons with nutrients and trophic factors, and protecting them from injury. These properties are deeply affected in the course of many neurodegenerative diseases, including tauopathies, often before the onset of the disease. In this respect, the transfer of essential amino acids such as glutamate and glutamine between neurons and astrocytes in the glutamate-glutamine cycle (GGC) is one example. In this review, we focus on the GGC and the disruption of this cycle in tau-dependent neurodegeneration. A profound understanding of the complex functions of the GGC and, in the broader context, searching for dysfunctions in communication pathways between astrocytes and neurons via GGC in health and disease, is of critical significance for the development of novel mechanism-based therapies for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sidoryk-Węgrzynowicz
- Laboratory of Pathoneurochemistry, Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Adamiak
- Laboratory of Pathoneurochemistry, Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Strużyńska
- Laboratory of Pathoneurochemistry, Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Zhang T, Tian Y, Zheng X, Li R, Hu L, Shui X, Mei Y, Wang Q, Zhang M, Zheng X, Wang L, Chen D, Tao W, Lee TH. Activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 ameliorates tau accumulation-induced synaptic damage and cognitive dysfunction via autophagy enhancement. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14432. [PMID: 37641913 PMCID: PMC10916438 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The autophagy-lysosomal pathway is important for maintaining cellular proteostasis, while dysfunction of this pathway has been suggested to drive the aberrant intraneuronal accumulation of tau protein, leading to synaptic damage and cognitive impairment. Previous studies have demonstrated that the activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) by capsaicin has a positive impact on cognition and AD-related biomarkers. However, the effect and mechanism of TPRV1 activation on neuronal tau homeostasis remain elusive. METHODS A mouse model of tauopathy was established by overexpressing full-length human tau in the CA3 area. Mice were fed capsaicin diet (0.0125%) or normal diet for 9 weeks. The cognitive ability, synaptic function, tau phosphorylation levels, and autophagy markers were detected. In vitro, capsaicin-induced alterations in cellular autophagy and tau degradation were characterized using two cell models. Besides, various inhibitors were applied to validate the role of TRPV1-mediated autophagy enhancement in tau clearance. RESULTS We observed that TRPV1 activation by capsaicin effectively mitigates hippocampal tau accumulation-induced synaptic damages, gliosis, and cognitive impairment in vivo. Capsaicin promotes the degradation of abnormally accumulated tau through enhancing autophagic function in neurons, which is dependent on TRPV1-mediated activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and subsequent inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Blocking AMPK activation abolishes capsaicin-induced autophagy enhancement and tau degradation in neurons. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal that capsaicin-induced TRPV1 activation confers neuroprotection by restoring neuronal tau homeostasis via modulating cellular autophagy and provides additional evidence to support the potential of TRPV1 as a therapeutic target for tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Yuan Tian
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xiaoqing Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Ruomeng Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Li Hu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xindong Shui
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Yingxue Mei
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Quling Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Mi Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xiuzhi Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Long Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Wucheng Tao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Tae Ho Lee
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
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12
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Swift IJ, Sjödin S, Gobom J, Brinkmalm A, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Rohrer JD, Sogorb-Esteve A. Differential patterns of lysosomal dysfunction are seen in the clinicopathological forms of primary progressive aphasia. J Neurol 2024; 271:1277-1285. [PMID: 37917233 PMCID: PMC10896779 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-12063-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence implicates endo-lysosomal dysfunction in frontotemporal dementia (FTD). 18 proteins were quantified using a mass spectrometry assay panel in the cerebrospinal fluid of 36 people with the language variant of FTD, primary progressive aphasia (PPA) (including 13 with non-fluent variant (nfvPPA), 11 with semantic variant (svPPA), and 12 with logopenic variant (lvPPA)) and 19 healthy controls. The concentrations of the cathepsins (B, D, F, L1, and Z) as well as AP-2 complex subunit beta, ganglioside GM2 activator, beta-hexosaminidase subunit beta, tissue alpha L-fucosidase, and ubiquitin were decreased in nfvPPA compared with controls. In contrast, the concentrations of amyloid beta A4 protein, cathepsin Z, and dipeptidyl peptidase 2 were decreased in svPPA compared with controls. No proteins were abnormal in lvPPA. These results indicate a differential alteration of lysosomal proteins in the PPA variants, suggesting those with non-Alzheimer's pathologies are more likely to show abnormal lysosomal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imogen J Swift
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Simon Sjödin
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Johan Gobom
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Ann Brinkmalm
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jonathan D Rohrer
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Aitana Sogorb-Esteve
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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13
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Davis GH, Zaya A, Pearce MMP. Impairment of the glial phagolysosomal system drives prion-like propagation in a Drosophila model of Huntington's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.04.560952. [PMID: 38370619 PMCID: PMC10871239 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.04.560952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Protein misfolding, aggregation, and spread through the brain are primary drivers of neurodegenerative diseases pathogenesis. Phagocytic glia are responsible for regulating the load of pathogenic protein aggregates in the brain, but emerging evidence suggests that glia may also act as vectors for aggregate spread. Accumulation of protein aggregates could compromise the ability of glia to eliminate toxic materials from the brain by disrupting efficient degradation in the phagolysosomal system. A better understanding of phagocytic glial cell deficiencies in the disease state could help to identify novel therapeutic targets for multiple neurological disorders. Here, we report that mutant huntingtin (mHTT) aggregates impair glial responsiveness to injury and capacity to degrade neuronal debris in male and female adult Drosophila expressing the gene that causes Huntington's disease (HD). mHTT aggregate formation in neurons impairs engulfment and clearance of injured axons and causes accumulation of phagolysosomes in glia. Neuronal mHTT expression induces upregulation of key innate immunity and phagocytic genes, some of which were found to regulate mHTT aggregate burden in the brain. Finally, a forward genetic screen revealed Rab10 as a novel component of Draper-dependent phagocytosis that regulates mHTT aggregate transmission from neurons to glia. These data suggest that glial phagocytic defects enable engulfed mHTT aggregates to evade lysosomal degradation and acquire prion-like characteristics. Together, our findings reveal new mechanisms that enhance our understanding of the beneficial and potentially harmful effects of phagocytic glia in HD and potentially other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham H. Davis
- Rowan University, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glassboro, NJ 08028
- Saint Joseph’s University, Department of Biology, Philadelphia, PA 19131
- University of the Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Aprem Zaya
- University of the Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Margaret M. Panning Pearce
- Rowan University, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glassboro, NJ 08028
- Saint Joseph’s University, Department of Biology, Philadelphia, PA 19131
- University of the Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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14
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Li H, Yuan Y, Xie Q, Dong Z. Exosomes: potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. J Transl Med 2024; 22:115. [PMID: 38287384 PMCID: PMC10826005 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04893-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The field of neuropsychiatry is considered a middle ground between neurological and psychiatric disorders, thereby bridging the conventional boundaries between matter and mind, consciousness, and function. Neuropsychiatry aims to evaluate and treat cognitive, behavioral, and emotional disorders in individuals with neurological conditions. However, the pathophysiology of these disorders is not yet fully understood, and objective biological indicators for these conditions are currently lacking. Treatment options are also limited due to the blood-brain barrier, which results in poor treatment effects. Additionally, many drugs, particularly antipsychotic drugs, have adverse reactions, which make them difficult to tolerate for patients. As a result, patients often abandon treatment owing to these adverse reactions. Since the discovery of exosomes in 1983, they have been extensively studied in various diseases owing to their potential as nanocellulators for information exchange between cells. Because exosomes can freely travel between the center and periphery, brain-derived exosomes can reflect the state of the brain, which has considerable advantages in diagnosis and treatment. In addition, administration of engineered exosomes can improve therapeutic efficacy, allow lesion targeting, ensure drug stability, and prevent systemic adverse effects. Therefore, this article reviews the source and biological function of exosomes, relationship between exosomes and the blood-brain barrier, relationship between exosomes and the pathological mechanism of neuropsychiatric disorders, exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, and application of engineered exosomes in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haorao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglian Xie
- Department of Outpatient, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zaiquan Dong
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Shi H, Zhao Y. Modulation of Tau Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease by Dietary Bioactive Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:831. [PMID: 38255905 PMCID: PMC10815728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Tau is a microtubule-associated protein essential for microtubule assembly and stability in neurons. The abnormal intracellular accumulation of tau aggregates is a major characteristic of brains from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies. In AD, the presence of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which is composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, is positively correlated with the severity of the cognitive decline. Evidence suggests that the accumulation and aggregation of tau cause synaptic dysfunction and neuronal degeneration. Thus, the prevention of abnormal tau phosphorylation and elimination of tau aggregates have been proposed as therapeutic strategies for AD. However, currently tau-targeting therapies for AD and other tauopathies are limited. A number of dietary bioactive compounds have been found to modulate the posttranslational modifications of tau, including phosphorylation, small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) mediated modification (SUMOylation) and acetylation, as well as inhibit tau aggregation and/or promote tau degradation. The advantages of using these dietary components over synthetic substances in AD prevention and intervention are their safety and accessibility. This review summarizes the mechanisms leading to tau pathology in AD and highlights the effects of bioactive compounds on the hyperphosphorylation, aggregation and clearance of tau protein. The potential of using these bioactive compounds for AD prevention and intervention is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahua Shi
- Department of Bioengineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China;
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China;
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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16
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Park G, Kadyan S, Hochuli N, Pollak J, Wang B, Salazar G, Chakrabarty P, Efron P, Sheffler J, Nagpal R. A modified Mediterranean-style diet enhances brain function via specific gut-microbiome-brain mechanisms. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2323752. [PMID: 38444392 PMCID: PMC10936641 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2323752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating brain disorder with rapidly mounting prevalence worldwide, yet no proven AD cure has been discovered. Using a multi-omics approach in a transgenic AD mouse model, the current study demonstrated the efficacy of a modified Mediterranean-ketogenic diet (MkD) on AD-related neurocognitive pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms related to the gut-microbiome-brain axis. The findings revealed that MkD induces profound shifts in the gut microbiome community and microbial metabolites. Most notably, MkD promoted growth of the Lactobacillus population, resulting in increased bacteria-derived lactate production. We discovered elevated levels of microbiome- and diet-derived metabolites in the serum as well, signaling their influence on the brain. Importantly, these changes in serum metabolites upregulated specific receptors that have neuroprotective effects and induced alternations in neuroinflammatory-associated pathway profiles in hippocampus. Additionally, these metabolites displayed strong favorable co-regulation relationship with gut-brain integrity and inflammatory markers, as well as neurobehavioral outcomes. The findings underscore the ameliorative effects of MkD on AD-related neurological function and the underlying gut-brain communication via modulation of the gut microbiome-metabolome arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwoncheol Park
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Saurabh Kadyan
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Nathaniel Hochuli
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Julie Pollak
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA
| | - Gloria Salazar
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Paramita Chakrabarty
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Philip Efron
- Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Julia Sheffler
- Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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17
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Sun X, Ogbolu VC, Baas PW, Qiang L. Reevaluating tau reduction as a therapeutic approach for tauopathies: Insights and perspectives. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2024; 81:57-62. [PMID: 37819557 PMCID: PMC10843461 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Tau, one of the most abundant microtubule-associated protein in neurons plays a role in regulating microtubule dynamics in axons, as well as shaping the overall morphology of the axon. Recent studies challenge the traditional view of tau as a microtubule stabilizer and shed new light on the complexity of its role in regulating various properties of the microtubule. While reducing tau levels shows therapeutic promise for early tauopathies, efficacy wanes in later stages due to resilient toxic tau aggregates and neurofibrillary tangles. Notably, tauopathies involve factors beyond toxic tau alone, necessitating a broader therapeutic approach. Overexpression of human tau in mouse models, although useful for answering some questions, may not accurately reflect disease mechanisms in patients with tauopathies. Furthermore, the interplay between tau and MAP6, another microtubule-associated protein, adds complexity to tau's regulation of microtubule dynamics. Tau promotes the formation and elongation of labile microtubule domains, vital for cellular processes, while MAP6 stabilizes microtubules. A delicate balance between these proteins is important for neuronal function. Therefore, tau reduction therapies require a comprehensive understanding of disease progression, considering functional tau loss, toxic aggregates, and microtubule dynamics. Stage-dependent application and potential unintended consequences must be carefully evaluated. Restoring microtubule dynamics in late-stage tauopathies may necessitate alternative strategies. This knowledge is valuable for developing effective and safe treatments for tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Sun
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129
| | - Victor C. Ogbolu
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129
| | - Peter W. Baas
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129
| | - Liang Qiang
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129
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18
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Torok J, Maia PD, Anand C, Raj A. Cellular underpinnings of the selective vulnerability to tauopathic insults in Alzheimer's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.06.548027. [PMID: 38076913 PMCID: PMC10705232 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.06.548027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibit pathological changes in the brain that proceed in a stereotyped and regionally specific fashion, but the cellular and molecular underpinnings of regional vulnerability are currently poorly understood. Recent work has identified certain subpopulations of neurons in a few focal regions of interest, such as the entorhinal cortex, that are selectively vulnerable to tau pathology in AD. However, the cellular underpinnings of regional susceptibility to tau pathology are currently unknown, primarily because whole-brain maps of a comprehensive collection of cell types have been inaccessible. Here, we deployed a recent cell-type mapping pipeline, Matrix Inversion and Subset Selection (MISS), to determine the brain-wide distributions of pan-hippocampal and neocortical neuronal and non-neuronal cells in the mouse using recently available single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data. We then performed a robust set of analyses to identify general principles of cell-type-based selective vulnerability using these cell-type distributions, utilizing 5 transgenic mouse studies that quantified regional tau in 12 distinct PS19 mouse models. Using our approach, which constitutes the broadest exploration of whole-brain selective vulnerability to date, we were able to discover cell types and cell-type classes that conferred vulnerability and resilience to tau pathology. Hippocampal glutamatergic neurons as a whole were strongly positively associated with regional tau deposition, suggesting vulnerability, while cortical glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons were negatively associated. Among glia, we identified oligodendrocytes as the single-most strongly negatively associated cell type, whereas microglia were consistently positively correlated. Strikingly, we found that there was no association between the gene expression relationships between cell types and their vulnerability or resilience to tau pathology. When we looked at the explanatory power of cell types versus GWAS-identified AD risk genes, cell type distributions were consistently more predictive of end-timepoint tau pathology than regional gene expression. To understand the functional enrichment patterns of the genes that were markers of the identified vulnerable or resilient cell types, we performed gene ontology analysis. We found that the genes that are directly correlated to tau pathology are functionally distinct from those that constitutively embody the vulnerable cells. In short, we have demonstrated that regional cell-type composition is a compelling explanation for the selective vulnerability observed in tauopathic diseases at a whole-brain level and is distinct from that conferred by risk genes. These findings may have implications in identifying cell-type-based therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Torok
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Radiology, San Francisco, CA, 94143, United States
| | - Pedro D. Maia
- University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Mathematics, Arlington, TX, 76019, United States
| | - Chaitali Anand
- University of California, San Francisco, Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA, 94143, United States
| | - Ashish Raj
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Radiology, San Francisco, CA, 94143, United States
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Feng T, Du H, Hu F. Loss of TMEM106B exacerbates Tau pathology and neurodegeneration in PS19 mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.11.566707. [PMID: 38014238 PMCID: PMC10680640 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.11.566707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
TMEM106B, a gene encoding a lysosome membrane protein, is tightly associated with brain aging, hypomyelinating leukodystrophy, and multiple neurodegenerative diseases, including frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 aggregates (FTLD-TDP). Recently, TMEM106B polymorphisms have been associated with tauopathy in chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) and FTLD-TDP patients. However, how TMEM106B influences Tau pathology and its associated neurodegeneration, is unclear. Here we show that loss of TMEM106B enhances the accumulation of pathological Tau, especially in the neuronal soma in the hippocampus, resulting in severe neuronal loss in the PS19 Tau transgenic mice. Moreover, Tmem106b-/- PS19 mice develop significantly increased disruption of the neuronal cytoskeleton, autophagy-lysosomal function, and lysosomal trafficking along the axon as well as enhanced gliosis compared with PS19 and Tmem106b-/- mice. Together, our findings demonstrate that loss of TMEM106B drastically exacerbates Tau pathology and its associated disease phenotypes, and provide new insights into the roles of TMEM106B in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuancheng Feng
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Huan Du
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Fenghua Hu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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20
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Piovesana E, Magrin C, Ciccaldo M, Sola M, Bellotto M, Molinari M, Papin S, Paganetti P. Tau accumulation in degradative organelles is associated to lysosomal stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18024. [PMID: 37865674 PMCID: PMC10590387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44979-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by the brain deposition of insoluble amyloidogenic proteins, such as α-synuclein or Tau, and the concomitant deterioration of cell functions such as the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP). The ALP is involved in the degradation of intracellular macromolecules including protein aggregates. ALP dysfunction due to inherited defects in lysosomal or non-lysosomal proteins causes a group of diseases called lysosomal storage disorders (LSD) because of abnormal accumulation of lysosomal degradation substrates. Supporting the contribution of ALP defects in neurodegenerative diseases, deposition of amyloidogenic proteins occurs in LSD. Moreover, heterozygous mutations of several ALP genes represent risk factors for Parkinson's disease. The reciprocal contribution of α-synuclein accumulation and lysosomal dysfunction have been extensively studied. However, whether this adverse crosstalk also embraces Tau pathology needs more investigation. Here, we show in human primary fibroblasts that Tau seeds isolated from the brain of Alzheimer's disease induce Tau accumulation in acidic degradative organelles and lysosomal stress. Furthermore, inhibition of glucocerebrosidase, a lysosomal enzyme mutated in Gaucher's disease and a main risk for Parkinson's disease, causes lysosomal dysfunction in primary fibroblasts and contributes to the accumulation of Tau. Considering the presence of Tau lesions in Parkinson's disease as well as in multiple neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease, our data call for further studies on strategies to alleviate ALP dysfunction as new therapeutic opportunity for neurodegenerative diseases and LSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Piovesana
- Laboratory for Aging Disorders, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- PhD Program in Neurosciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Magrin
- Laboratory for Aging Disorders, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- PhD Program in Neurosciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Ciccaldo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Martina Sola
- Laboratory for Aging Disorders, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- PhD Program in Neurosciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | | | - Maurizio Molinari
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stéphanie Papin
- Laboratory for Aging Disorders, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Paganetti
- Laboratory for Aging Disorders, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
- PhD Program in Neurosciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.
- Neurocentro della Svizzera Italiana, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland.
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21
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Liu Y, Tan L, Tan MS. Chaperone-mediated autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanisms and therapy. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2173-2190. [PMID: 36695937 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04640-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is the selective degradation process of intracellular components by lysosomes, which is required for the degradation of aggregate-prone proteins and contributes to proteostasis maintenance. Proteostasis is essential for normal cell function and survival, and it is determined by the balance of protein synthesis and degradation. Because postmitotic neurons are highly susceptible to proteostasis disruption, CMA is vital for the nervous system. Since Parkinson's disease (PD) was first linked to CMA dysfunction, an increasing number of studies have shown that CMA loss, as seen during aging, occurs in the pathogenetic process of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms of CMA, as well as the physiological function and regulation of this autophagy pathway. Following, we highlight its potential role in neurodegenerative diseases, and the latest advances and challenges in targeting CMA in therapy of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Meng-Shan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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22
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Pan B, Kong F, Ju X, Song J, Wang L, Niu Q, Lu X. Molecular mechanism of the carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein in TAU hyperphosphorylation induced by AlCl 3 in N2a cells. Toxicology 2023; 495:153610. [PMID: 37541565 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is recognized as a neurotoxin. Studies have confirmed that the neurotoxicity induced by Al may be related to tau hyperphosphorylation. Phosphorylated tau is degraded through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP), in which the carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) plays an important role. However, whether the CHIP plays a role in regulating tau hyperphosphorylation induced by Al is yet to be determined. The purpose of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism of the CHIP in tau hyperphosphorylation induced by AlCl3 in N2a cells. Mouse neuroblastoma cells (N2a) were exposed to different concentrations of AlCl3 (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 mM) and treated with CHIP/CHIP shRNA/CHIP (ΔU-box)/CHIP (ΔTPR) plasmid transfection. The cell viability was determined by the CCK-8 kit. Protein expression was detected by Western blot. The interaction between CHIP and AlCl3 exposure on the proteins was analyzed by factorial design ANOVA. The results showed that Al can cause tau hyperphosphorylation, mainly affecting the pThr231, pSer262, and pSer396 sites of tau in N2a cells. UPP is involved in the degradation of tau hyperphosphorylation induced by Al in N2a cells, of which CHIP may be the main regulatory target. Both the U-box and TPR domains of CHIP are indispensable and play an important role in the regulation of tau hyperphosphorylation induced by AlCl3 in N2a cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolong Pan
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Ministryof Education, Shanxi medical university, China; Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Ministry of Education, Shanxi medical university, China; Sixth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University (General Hospital of Tisco), Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Fanpeng Kong
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Ministryof Education, Shanxi medical university, China; Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Ministry of Education, Shanxi medical university, China
| | - Xiaofen Ju
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Ministryof Education, Shanxi medical university, China; Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Ministry of Education, Shanxi medical university, China
| | - Jing Song
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Ministryof Education, Shanxi medical university, China; Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Ministry of Education, Shanxi medical university, China
| | - Linping Wang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Ministryof Education, Shanxi medical university, China; Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Ministry of Education, Shanxi medical university, China
| | - Qiao Niu
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Ministryof Education, Shanxi medical university, China; Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Ministry of Education, Shanxi medical university, China
| | - Xiaoting Lu
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Ministryof Education, Shanxi medical university, China; Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Ministry of Education, Shanxi medical university, China
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23
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Kim SH, Cho YS, Kim Y, Park J, Yoo SM, Gwak J, Kim Y, Gwon Y, Kam TI, Jung YK. Endolysosomal impairment by binding of amyloid beta or MAPT/Tau to V-ATPase and rescue via the HYAL-CD44 axis in Alzheimer disease. Autophagy 2023; 19:2318-2337. [PMID: 36843263 PMCID: PMC10351450 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2181614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired activities and abnormally enlarged structures of endolysosomes are frequently observed in Alzheimer disease (AD) brains. However, little is known about whether and how endolysosomal dysregulation is triggered and associated with AD. Here, we show that vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) is a hub that mediates proteopathy of oligomeric amyloid beta (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated MAPT/Tau (p-MAPT/Tau). Endolysosomal integrity was largely destroyed in Aβ-overloaded or p-MAPT/Tau-positive neurons in culture and AD brains, which was a necessary step for triggering neurotoxicity, and treatments with acidic nanoparticles or endocytosis inhibitors rescued the endolysosomal impairment and neurotoxicity. Interestingly, we found that the lumenal ATP6V0C and cytosolic ATP6V1B2 subunits of the V-ATPase complex bound to the internalized Aβ and cytosolic PHF-1-reactive MAPT/Tau, respectively. Their interactions disrupted V-ATPase activity and accompanying endolysosomal activity in vitro and induced neurodegeneration. Using a genome-wide functional screen, we isolated a suppressor, HYAL (hyaluronidase), which reversed the endolysosomal dysfunction and proteopathy and alleviated the memory impairment in 3xTg-AD mice. Further, we found that its metabolite hyaluronic acid (HA) and HA receptor CD44 attenuated neurotoxicity in affected neurons via V-ATPase. We propose that endolysosomal V-ATPase is a bona fide proteotoxic receptor that binds to pathogenic proteins and deteriorates endolysosomal function in AD, leading to neurodegeneration in proteopathy.Abbreviations: AAV, adeno-associated virus; Aβ, amyloid beta; AD, Alzheimer disease; APP, amyloid beta precursor protein; ATP6V0C, ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit c; ATP6V1A, ATPase H+ transporting V1 subunit A; ATP6V1B2, ATPase H+ transporting V1 subunit B2; CD44.Fc, CD44-mouse immunoglobulin Fc fusion construct; Co-IP, co-immunoprecipitation; CTSD, cathepsin D; HA, hyaluronic acid; HMWHA, high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid; HYAL, hyaluronidase; i.c.v, intracerebroventricular; LMWHA, low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid; NPs, nanoparticles; p-MAPT/Tau, hyperphosphorylated microtubule associated protein tau; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; V-ATPase, vacuolar-type H+-translocating ATPase; WT, wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Hyun Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Sin Cho
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youbin Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jisu Park
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Min Yoo
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jimin Gwak
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngwon Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngdae Gwon
- School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Tae-in Kam
- Department of Neurology and Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yong-Keun Jung
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Johnson AM, Lukens JR. The innate immune response in tauopathies. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250266. [PMID: 36932726 PMCID: PMC10247424 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Tauopathies, which include frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy, are a class of neurological disorders resulting from pathogenic tau aggregates. These aggregates disrupt neuronal health and function leading to the cognitive and physical decline of tauopathy patients. Genome-wide association studies and clinical evidence have brought to light the large role of the immune system in inducing and driving tau-mediated pathology. More specifically, innate immune genes are found to harbor tauopathy risk alleles, and innate immune pathways are upregulated throughout the course of disease. Experimental evidence has expanded on these findings by describing pivotal roles for the innate immune system in the regulation of tau kinases and tau aggregates. In this review, we summarize the literature implicating innate immune pathways as drivers of tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis M. Johnson
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia (UVA), Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- BIG Training Graduate Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - John R. Lukens
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia (UVA), Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- BIG Training Graduate Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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25
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Basheer N, Smolek T, Hassan I, Liu F, Iqbal K, Zilka N, Novak P. Does modulation of tau hyperphosphorylation represent a reasonable therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease? From preclinical studies to the clinical trials. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2197-2214. [PMID: 37264120 PMCID: PMC10611587 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02113-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases (PKs) have emerged as one of the most intensively investigated drug targets in current pharmacological research, with indications ranging from oncology to neurodegeneration. Tau protein hyperphosphorylation was the first pathological post-translational modification of tau protein described in Alzheimer's disease (AD), highlighting the role of PKs in neurodegeneration. The therapeutic potential of protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs)) and protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A) activators in AD has recently been explored in several preclinical and clinical studies with variable outcomes. Where a number of preclinical studies demonstrate a visible reduction in the levels of phospho-tau in transgenic tauopathy models, no reduction in neurofibrillary lesions is observed. Amongst the few PKIs and PP2A activators that progressed to clinical trials, most failed on the efficacy front, with only a few still unconfirmed and potential positive trends. This suggests that robust preclinical and clinical data is needed to unequivocally evaluate their efficacy. To this end, we take a systematic look at the results of preclinical and clinical studies of PKIs and PP2A activators, and the evidence they provide regarding the utility of this approach to evaluate the potential of targeting tau hyperphosphorylation as a disease modifying therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Basheer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, 845 10, Slovakia
| | - Tomáš Smolek
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, 845 10, Slovakia
| | - Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY, 10314, USA
| | - Khalid Iqbal
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY, 10314, USA
| | - Norbert Zilka
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, 845 10, Slovakia.
- AXON Neuroscience R&D Services SE, Bratislava, 811 02, Slovakia.
| | - Petr Novak
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, 845 10, Slovakia.
- AXON Neuroscience CRM Services SE, Bratislava, 811 02, Slovakia.
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26
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Cheng WH, Cheung H, Kang A, Fan J, Cooper J, Anwer M, Barron C, Wilkinson A, Hu G, Yue J, Cripton PA, Vocadlo DJ, Wellington CL. Altered Tau Kinase Activity in rTg4510 Mice after a Single Interfaced CHIMERA Traumatic Brain Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119439. [PMID: 37298388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an established risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we used the Closed Head Injury Model of Engineered Rotational Acceleration (CHIMERA) to investigate the effects of a single high-energy TBI in rTg4510 mice, a mouse model of tauopathy. Fifteen male rTg4510 mice (4 mo) were impacted at 4.0 J using interfaced CHIMERA and were compared to sham controls. Immediately after injury, the TBI mice showed significant mortality (7/15; 47%) and a prolonged duration of loss of the righting reflex. At 2 mo post-injury, surviving mice displayed significant microgliosis (Iba1) and axonal injury (Neurosilver). Western blotting indicated a reduced p-GSK-3β (S9):GSK-3β ratio in TBI mice, suggesting chronic activation of tau kinase. Although longitudinal analysis of plasma total tau suggested that TBI accelerates the appearance of tau in the circulation, there were no significant differences in brain total or p-tau levels, nor did we observe evidence of enhanced neurodegeneration in TBI mice compared to sham mice. In summary, we showed that a single high-energy head impact induces chronic white matter injury and altered GSK-3β activity without an apparent change in post-injury tauopathy in rTg4510 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Hang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Honor Cheung
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Amy Kang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jianjia Fan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jennifer Cooper
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Mehwish Anwer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Carlos Barron
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Anna Wilkinson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Grace Hu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jefferey Yue
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Peter A Cripton
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - David J Vocadlo
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Cheryl L Wellington
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
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27
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Lin H, Deaton CA, Johnson GVW. Commentary: BAG3 as a Mediator of Endosome Function and Tau Clearance. Neuroscience 2023; 518:4-9. [PMID: 35550160 PMCID: PMC9646927 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tauopathies are a group of heterogeneous neurodegenerative conditions characterized by the deposition of abnormal tau protein in the brain. The underlying mechanisms that contribute to the accumulation of tau in these neurodegenerative diseases are multifactorial; nonetheless, there is a growing awareness that dysfunction of endosome-lysosome pathways is a pivotal factor. BCL2 associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) is a multidomain protein that plays a key role in maintaining neuronal proteostasis. Further, recent data indicate that BAG3 plays an important role in mediating vacuolar-dependent degradation of tau. Overexpression of BAG3 in a tauopathy mouse model decreased pathological tau levels and alleviated synapse loss. High throughput screens of BAG3 interactors have identified key players in the vacuolar system; these include clathrin and regulators of small GTPases. These findings suggest that BAG3 is an important regulator of endocytic pathways. In this commentary, we discuss the potential mechanisms by which BAG3 regulates the vacuolar system and tau proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 604, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Carol A Deaton
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 604, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Gail V W Johnson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 604, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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28
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Cheng L, Chen Y, Guo D, Zhong Y, Li W, Lin Y, Miao Y. mTOR-dependent TFEB activation and TFEB overexpression enhance autophagy-lysosome pathway and ameliorate Alzheimer's disease-like pathology in diabetic encephalopathy. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:91. [PMID: 37143104 PMCID: PMC10158341 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01097-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that features Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology, which can be degraded by the autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP). Since transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a master regulator of ALP, TFEB-mediated ALP activation might have a therapeutic effect on DE, but this has yet to be investigated. METHODS We established T2DM mouse models and cultured HT22 cells under high-glucose (HG) conditions to confirm the role of ALP in DE. To further investigate this, both mice and HT22 cells were treated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA). We also analyzed the content of TFEB in the nucleus and cytoplasm to evaluate its role in ALP. To confirm the effect of TFEB activation at the post-translational level in DE, we used rapamycin to inhibit the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). We transduced both mice and cells with TFEB vector to evaluate the therapeutic effect of TFEB overexpression on DE. Conversely, we conducted TFEB knockdown to verify its role in DE in another direction. RESULTS We found that T2DM mice experienced compromised cognitive function, while HG-cultured HT22 cells exhibited increased cell apoptosis. Additionally, both T2DM mice and HG-cultured HT22 cells showed impaired ALP and heavier AD-like pathology. This pathology worsened after treatment with 3-MA. We also observed decreased TFEB nuclear translocation in both T2DM mice and HG-cultured HT22 cells. However, inhibiting mTOR with rapamycin or overexpressing TFEB increased TFEB nuclear translocation, enhancing the clearance of ALP-targeted AD-like pathology. This contributed to protection against neuronal apoptosis and alleviation of cognitive impairment. Conversely, TFEB knockdown lessened ALP-targeted AD-like pathology clearance and had a negative impact on DE. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that impaired ALP is responsible for the aggravation of AD-like pathology in T2DM. We propose that mTOR-dependent TFEB activation and TFEB overexpression are promising therapeutic strategies for DE, as they enhance the clearance of ALP-targeted AD-like pathology and alleviate neuronal apoptosis. Our study provides insight into the underlying mechanisms of DE and offers potential avenues for the development of new treatments for this debilitating complication of T2DM. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Cheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixin Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghao Guo
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijia Lin
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Miao
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
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Chen J, Fan A, Li S, Xiao Y, Fu Y, Chen JS, Zi D, Zeng LH, Tan J. APP mediates tau uptake and its overexpression leads to the exacerbated tau pathology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:123. [PMID: 37071198 PMCID: PMC11071805 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04774-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), as the most common type of dementia, has two pathological hallmarks, extracellular senile plaques composed of β-amyloid peptides and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles containing phosphorylated-tau protein. Amyloid precursor protein (APP) and tau each play central roles in AD, although how APP and tau interact and synergize in the disease process is largely unknown. Here, we showed that soluble tau interacts with the N-terminal of APP in vitro in cell-free and cell culture systems, which can be further confirmed in vivo in the brain of 3XTg-AD mouse. In addition, APP is involved in the cellular uptake of tau through endocytosis. APP knockdown or N-terminal APP-specific antagonist 6KApoEp can prevent tau uptake in vitro, resulting in an extracellular tau accumulation in cultured neuronal cells. Interestingly, in APP/PS1 transgenic mouse brain, the overexpression of APP exacerbated tau propagation. Moreover, in the human tau transgenic mouse brain, overexpression of APP promotes tau phosphorylation, which is significantly remediated by 6KapoEp. All these results demonstrate the important role of APP in the tauopathy of AD. Targeting the pathological interaction of N-terminal APP with tau may provide an important therapeutic strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Anran Fan
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Song Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116021, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yanlin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Jun-Sheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Dan Zi
- Department of Gynecology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Ling-Hui Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Tan
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China.
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Katzenberger RJ, Ganetzky B, Wassarman DA. Lissencephaly-1 mutations enhance traumatic brain injury outcomes in Drosophila. Genetics 2023; 223:iyad008. [PMID: 36683334 PMCID: PMC9991514 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcomes vary greatly among individuals, but most of the variation remains unexplained. Using a Drosophila melanogaster TBI model and 178 genetically diverse lines from the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP), we investigated the role that genetic variation plays in determining TBI outcomes. Following injury at 20-27 days old, DGRP lines varied considerably in mortality within 24 h ("early mortality"). Additionally, the disparity in early mortality resulting from injury at 20-27 vs 0-7 days old differed among DGRP lines. These data support a polygenic basis for differences in TBI outcomes, where some gene variants elicit their effects by acting on aging-related processes. Our genome-wide association study of DGRP lines identified associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms in Lissencephaly-1 (Lis-1) and Patronin and early mortality following injury at 20-27 days old. Lis-1 regulates dynein, a microtubule motor required for retrograde transport of many cargoes, and Patronin protects microtubule minus ends against depolymerization. While Patronin mutants did not affect early mortality, Lis-1 compound heterozygotes (Lis-1x/Lis-1y) had increased early mortality following injury at 20-27 or 0-7 days old compared with Lis-1 heterozygotes (Lis-1x/+), and flies that survived 24 h after injury had increased neurodegeneration but an unaltered lifespan, indicating that Lis-1 affects TBI outcomes independently of effects on aging. These data suggest that Lis-1 activity is required in the brain to ameliorate TBI outcomes through effects on axonal transport, microtubule stability, and other microtubule proteins, such as tau, implicated in chronic traumatic encephalopathy, a TBI-associated neurodegenerative disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeccah J Katzenberger
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Barry Ganetzky
- Department of Genetics, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - David A Wassarman
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Liu YB, Wang XJ, Tan L, Tan CC, Xu W. PICALM Variation Moderates the Relationships of APOE ɛ4 with Alzheimer's Disease Cerebrospinal Biomarkers and Memory Function Among Non-Demented Population. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 96:1651-1661. [PMID: 38007652 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND APOE ɛ4 and PICALM are established genes associated with risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous study indicated interaction of PICALM with APOE ɛ4 in AD patients. OBJECTIVE To explore whether PICALM variation could moderate the influences of APOE ɛ4 on AD pathology biomarkers and cognition in pre-dementia stage. METHODS A total of 1,034 non-demented participants (mean age 74 years, 56% females, 40% APOE ɛ4 carriers) were genotyped for PICALM rs3851179 and APOE ɛ4 at baseline and were followed for influences on changes of cognition and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD markers in six years. The interaction effects were examined via regression models adjusting for age, gender, education, and cognitive diagnosis. RESULTS The interaction term of rs3851179×APOE ɛ4 accounted for a significant amount of variance in baseline general cognition (p = 0.039) and memory function (p = 0.002). The relationships of APOE ɛ4 with trajectory of CSF Aβ42 (p = 0.007), CSF P-tau181 (p = 0.003), CSF T-tau (p = 0.001), and memory function (p = 0.017) were also moderated by rs3851179 variation. CONCLUSIONS APOE ɛ4 carriers experienced slower clinical and pathological progression when they had more protective A alleles of PICALM rs3851179. These findings firstly revealed the gene-gene interactive effects of PICALM with APOE ɛ4 in pre-dementia stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Bing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Medical college, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xue-Jie Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chen-Chen Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Lee D, Lee VMY, Hur SK. Manipulation of the diet-microbiota-brain axis in Alzheimer's disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1042865. [PMID: 36408394 PMCID: PMC9672822 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1042865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies investigating the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease have identified various interdependent constituents contributing to the exacerbation of the disease, including Aβ plaque formation, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, neurofibrillary tangle accumulation, glial inflammation, and the eventual loss of proper neural plasticity. Recently, using various models and human patients, another key factor has been established as an influential determinant in brain homeostasis: the gut-brain axis. The implications of a rapidly aging population and the absence of a definitive cure for Alzheimer's disease have prompted a search for non-pharmaceutical tools, of which gut-modulatory therapies targeting the gut-brain axis have shown promise. Yet multiple recent studies examining changes in human gut flora in response to various probiotics and environmental factors are limited and difficult to generalize; whether the state of the gut microbiota in Alzheimer's disease is a cause of the disease, a result of the disease, or both through numerous feedback loops in the gut-brain axis, remains unclear. However, preliminary findings of longitudinal studies conducted over the past decades have highlighted dietary interventions, especially Mediterranean diets, as preventative measures for Alzheimer's disease by reversing neuroinflammation, modifying the intestinal and blood-brain barrier (BBB), and addressing gut dysbiosis. Conversely, the consumption of Western diets intensifies the progression of Alzheimer's disease through genetic alterations, impaired barrier function, and chronic inflammation. This review aims to support the growing body of experimental and clinical data highlighting specific probiotic strains and particular dietary components in preventing Alzheimer's disease via the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lee
- Middleton High School, Middleton, WI, United States
| | - Virginia M-Y. Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Seong Kwon Hur
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, United States
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Hill SE, Esquivel AR, Ospina SR, Rahal LM, Dickey CA, Blair LJ. Chaperoning activity of the cyclophilin family prevents tau aggregation. Protein Sci 2022; 31:e4448. [PMID: 36305768 PMCID: PMC9597375 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease, are characterized by the misfolding and progressive accumulation of the microtubule associated protein tau. Chaperones, tasked with maintaining protein homeostasis, can become imbalanced with age and contribute to the progression of neurodegenerative disease. Cyclophilins are a promising pool of underinvestigated chaperones with peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity that may play protective roles in regulating tau aggregation. Using a Thioflavin T fluorescence-based assay to monitor in vitro tau aggregation, all eight cyclophilins, which include PPIA to PPIH prevent tau aggregation, with PPIB, PPIC, PPID, and PPIH showing the greatest inhibition. The low thermal stability of PPID and the strong heparin binding of PPIB undermines the simplistic interpretation of reduced tau aggregation. In a cellular model of tau accumulation, all cyclophilins, except PPID and PPIH, reduce insoluble tau. PPIB, PPIC, PPIE, and PPIF also reduce soluble tau levels with PPIC exclusively protecting cells from tau seeding. Overall, this study demonstrates cyclophilins prevent tau fibril formation and many reduce cellular insoluble tau accumulation with PPIC having the greatest potential as a molecular tool to mitigate tau seeding and accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon E. Hill
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's InstituteUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Abigail R. Esquivel
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's InstituteUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Santiago Rodriguez Ospina
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's InstituteUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Lauren M. Rahal
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's InstituteUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Chad A. Dickey
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's InstituteUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Laura J. Blair
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's InstituteUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
- Research ServiceJames A. Haley Veterans HospitalTampaFloridaUSA
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Tu J, Zhang H, Yang T, Liu Y, Kibreab S, Zhang Y, Gao L, Moses RE, O'Malley BW, Xiao J, Li X. Aging-associated REGγ proteasome decline predisposes to tauopathy. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102571. [PMID: 36209822 PMCID: PMC9647549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The REGγ-20S proteasome is an ubiquitin- and ATP-independent degradation system, targeting selective substrates, possibly helping to regulate aging. The studies we report here demonstrate that aging-associated REGγ decline predisposes to decreasing tau turnover, as in a tauopathy. The REGγ proteasome promotes degradation of human and mouse tau, notably phosphorylated tau and toxic tau oligomers that shuttle between the cytoplasm and nuclei. REGγ-mediated proteasomal degradation of tau was validated in 3- to 12-month-old REGγ KO mice, REGγ KO;PS19 mice, and PS19 mice with forebrain conditional neuron-specific overexpression of REGγ (REGγ OE) and behavioral abnormalities. Coupled with tau accumulation, we found with REGγ-deficiency, neuron loss, dendrite reduction, tau filament accumulation, and microglial activation are much more prominent in the REGγ KO;PS19 than the PS19 model. Moreover, we observed that the degenerative neuronal lesions and aberrant behaviors were alleviated in REGγ OE;PS19 mice. Memory and other behavior analysis substantiate the role of REGγ in prevention of tauopathy-like symptoms. In addition, we investigated the potential mechanism underlying aging-related REGγ decline. This study provides valuable insights into the novel regulatory mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for tau-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Hedna R, Kovacic H, Pagano A, Peyrot V, Robin M, Devred F, Breuzard G. Tau Protein as Therapeutic Target for Cancer? Focus on Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5386. [PMID: 36358803 PMCID: PMC9653627 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite being extensively studied for several decades, the microtubule-associated protein Tau has not finished revealing its secrets. For long, Tau has been known for its ability to promote microtubule assembly. A less known feature of Tau is its capability to bind to cancer-related protein kinases, suggesting a possible role of Tau in modulating microtubule-independent cellular pathways that are associated with oncogenesis. With the intention of finding new therapeutic targets for cancer, it appears essential to examine the interaction of Tau with these kinases and their consequences. This review aims at collecting the literature data supporting the relationship between Tau and cancer with a particular focus on glioblastoma tumors in which the pathological significance of Tau remains largely unexplored. We will first treat this subject from a mechanistic point of view showing the pivotal role of Tau in oncogenic processes. Then, we will discuss the involvement of Tau in dysregulating critical pathways in glioblastoma. Finally, we will outline promising strategies to target Tau protein for the therapy of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayane Hedna
- Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie (INP), UMR 7051, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Hervé Kovacic
- Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie (INP), UMR 7051, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Alessandra Pagano
- Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie (INP), UMR 7051, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Peyrot
- Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie (INP), UMR 7051, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Maxime Robin
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), UMR 7263, CNRS, IRD 237, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - François Devred
- Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie (INP), UMR 7051, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Gilles Breuzard
- Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie (INP), UMR 7051, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
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Lacomme M, Hales SC, Brown TW, Stevanovic K, Jolicoeur C, Cai J, Bois T, Desrosiers M, Dalkara D, Cayouette M. Numb regulates Tau levels and prevents neurodegeneration in tauopathy mouse models. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm4295. [PMID: 36260685 PMCID: PMC9581485 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm4295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of the microtubule-associated protein Tau is linked to neuronal cell death in tauopathies, but how intraneuronal Tau levels are regulated in health and disease remains unclear. Here, we show that conditional inactivation of the trafficking adaptor protein Numb in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) increases Tau levels and leads to axonal blebbing, which is followed by neuronal cell loss in aged mice. In the TauP301S mouse model of tauopathy, conditional inactivation of Numb in RGCs and spinal motoneurons accelerates neurodegeneration, and loss of Numb in motoneurons also leads to precocious hindlimb paralysis. Conversely, overexpression of the long isoform of Numb (Numb-72) decreases intracellular Tau levels and reduces axonal blebbing in TauP301S RGCs, leading to improved electrical activity in cultured neurons and improves performance in a visually guided behavior test in vivo. These results uncover Numb as a key regulator of intracellular Tau levels and identify Numb-72 as a potential therapeutic factor for tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Lacomme
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Sarah C. Hales
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas W. Brown
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Katarina Stevanovic
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Christine Jolicoeur
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Jenny Cai
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Therence Bois
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Melissa Desrosiers
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Deniz Dalkara
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
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Chong CM, Tan Y, Tong J, Ke M, Zhang K, Yan L, Cen X, Lu JH, Chen G, Su H, Qin D. Presenilin-1 F105C mutation leads to tau accumulation in human neurons via the Akt/mTORC1 signaling pathway. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:131. [PMID: 35965317 PMCID: PMC9375916 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00874-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays a critical role in controlling cellular homeostasis, and its dysregulation has been implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Presenilin-1 (PS1) mutations account for the most common causes of familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD); however, whether PS1 mutation causes mTOR dysregulation in human neurons remains a key unresolved issue. Methods We generated heterozygotes and homozygotes of PS1 F105C knock-in mutation in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) via CRISPR/Cas9/piggyback-based gene editing and differentiated them into human neurons. Secreted Aβ and tau accumulation were determined by ELISA assay, immunofluorescence staining, and western blotting analysis. mTOR signaling was evaluated by western blotting analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and co-immunoprecipitation. Autophagy/lysosome activities were determined by LC3-based assay, LysoTracker Red staining, and DQ-Red BSA staining. Results Through comparison among these isogenic neurons, PS1 F105C mutant neurons exhibited elevated Aβ and tau accumulation. In addition, we found that the response of mTORC1 to starvation decreases in PS1 F105C mutant neurons. The Akt/mTORC1/p70S6K signaling pathway remained active upon EBSS starvation, leading to the co-localization of the vast majority of mTOR with lysosomes. Consistently, PS1 F105C neurons displayed a significant decline in starvation-induced autophagy. Notably, Torin1, a mTOR inhibitor, could efficiently reduce prominent tau pathology that occurred in PS1 F105C neurons. Conclusion We demonstrate that Chinese PS1 F105C mutation causes dysregulation of mTORC1 signaling, contributing to tau accumulation in human neurons. This study on inherited FAD PS1 mutation provides unprecedented insights into our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of AD. It supports that pharmaceutical blocking of mTOR is a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of AD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00874-8.
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Role of Ubiquilin-2 in Proteostasis and Tau Aggregation in Tauopathies. J Neurosci 2022; 42:6168-6170. [PMID: 35948434 PMCID: PMC9374129 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0839-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Meldolesi J. Unconventional Protein Secretion Dependent on Two Extracellular Vesicles: Exosomes and Ectosomes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:877344. [PMID: 35756998 PMCID: PMC9218857 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.877344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to conventional protein secretion, dependent on the specific cleavage of signal sequences, proteins are secreted by other processes, all together called unconventional. Among the mechanisms operative in unconventional secretion, some are based on two families of extracellular vesicle (EVs), expressed by all types of cells: the exosomes (before secretion called ILVs) and ectosomes (average diameters ∼70 and ∼250 nm). The two types of EVs have been largely characterized by extensive studies. ILVs are assembled within endocytic vacuoles by inward budding of small membrane microdomains associated to cytosolic cargos including unconventional secretory proteins. The vacuoles containing ILVs are called multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Upon their possible molecular exchange with autophagosomes, MVBs undergo two alternative forms of fusion: 1. with lysosomes, followed by large digestion of their cargo molecules; and 2. with plasma membrane (called exocytosis), followed by extracellular diffusion of exosomes. The vesicles of the other type, the ectosomes, are differently assembled. Distinct plasma membrane rafts undergo rapid outward budding accompanied by accumulation of cytosolic/secretory cargo molecules, up to their sewing and pinching off. Both types of EV, released to the extracellular fluid in their complete forms including both membrane and cargo, start navigation for various times and distances, until their fusion with target cells. Release/navigation/fusion of EVs establish continuous tridimensional networks exchanging molecules, signals and information among cells. The proteins unconventionally secreted via EVs are a few hundreds. Some of them are functionally relevant (examples FADD, TNF, TACE), governing physiological processes and important diseases. Such proteins, at present intensely investigated, predict future discoveries and innovative developments, relevant for basic research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Meldolesi
- The San Raffaele Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,The CNR Institute of Neuroscience at Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
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40
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Sfera A, Thomas KG, Andronescu CV, Jafri N, Sfera DO, Sasannia S, Zapata-Martín del Campo CM, Maldonado JC. Bromodomains in Human-Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders: A Model of Ferroptosis-Induced Neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:904816. [PMID: 35645713 PMCID: PMC9134113 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.904816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) comprise a group of illnesses marked by memory and behavioral dysfunction that can occur in up to 50% of HIV patients despite adequate treatment with combination antiretroviral drugs. Iron dyshomeostasis exacerbates HIV-1 infection and plays a major role in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. In addition, persons living with HIV demonstrate a high prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders, indicating that HAND provides a unique opportunity to study ferroptosis in these conditions. Both HIV and combination antiretroviral drugs increase the risk of ferroptosis by augmenting ferritin autophagy at the lysosomal level. As many viruses and their proteins exit host cells through lysosomal exocytosis, ferroptosis-driving molecules, iron, cathepsin B and calcium may be released from these organelles. Neurons and glial cells are highly susceptible to ferroptosis and neurodegeneration that engenders white and gray matter damage. Moreover, iron-activated microglia can engage in the aberrant elimination of viable neurons and synapses, further contributing to ferroptosis-induced neurodegeneration. In this mini review, we take a closer look at the role of iron in the pathogenesis of HAND and neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, we describe an epigenetic compensatory system, comprised of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) and microRNA-29, that may counteract ferroptosis by activating cystine/glutamate antiporter, while lowering ferritin autophagy and iron regulatory protein-2. We also discuss potential interventions for lysosomal fitness, including ferroptosis blockers, lysosomal acidification, and cathepsin B inhibitors to achieve desirable therapeutic effects of ferroptosis-induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonis Sfera
- Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Nyla Jafri
- Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Dan O. Sfera
- Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Jose C. Maldonado
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, United States
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41
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Chang A, Xiang X, Wang J, Lee C, Arakhamia T, Simjanoska M, Wang C, Carlomagno Y, Zhang G, Dhingra S, Thierry M, Perneel J, Heeman B, Forgrave LM, DeTure M, DeMarco ML, Cook CN, Rademakers R, Dickson DW, Petrucelli L, Stowell MHB, Mackenzie IRA, Fitzpatrick AWP. Homotypic fibrillization of TMEM106B across diverse neurodegenerative diseases. Cell 2022; 185:1346-1355.e15. [PMID: 35247328 PMCID: PMC9018563 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Misfolding and aggregation of disease-specific proteins, resulting in the formation of filamentous cellular inclusions, is a hallmark of neurodegenerative disease with characteristic filament structures, or conformers, defining each proteinopathy. Here we show that a previously unsolved amyloid fibril composed of a 135 amino acid C-terminal fragment of TMEM106B is a common finding in distinct human neurodegenerative diseases, including cases characterized by abnormal aggregation of TDP-43, tau, or α-synuclein protein. A combination of cryoelectron microscopy and mass spectrometry was used to solve the structures of TMEM106B fibrils at a resolution of 2.7 Å from postmortem human brain tissue afflicted with frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 pathology (FTLD-TDP, n = 8), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP, n = 2), or dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB, n = 1). The commonality of abundant amyloid fibrils composed of TMEM106B, a lysosomal/endosomal protein, to a broad range of debilitating human disorders indicates a shared fibrillization pathway that may initiate or accelerate neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Chang
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xinyu Xiang
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Carolyn Lee
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Tamta Arakhamia
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Marija Simjanoska
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yari Carlomagno
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Guoan Zhang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Shikhar Dhingra
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Manon Thierry
- Centre for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jolien Perneel
- Applied and Translational Neurogenomics, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bavo Heeman
- Applied and Translational Neurogenomics, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lauren M Forgrave
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Michael DeTure
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Mari L DeMarco
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Casey N Cook
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- Applied and Translational Neurogenomics, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - Michael H B Stowell
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
| | - Ian R A Mackenzie
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada.
| | - Anthony W P Fitzpatrick
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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42
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Yang SY, Taanman JW, Gegg M, Schapira AHV. Ambroxol reverses tau and α-synuclein accumulation in a cholinergic N370S GBA1 mutation model. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2396-2405. [PMID: 35179198 PMCID: PMC9307316 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a common non-motor complication of Parkinson's disease (PD). Glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA1) variants are found in 10-15% of PD cases and are numerically the most important risk factor for PD and dementia with Lewy bodies. Accumulation of α-synuclein and tau pathology is thought to underlie cognitive impairment in PD and likely involves cholinergic as well as dopaminergic neurons. Neural crest stem cells were isolated from both PD patients with the common heterozygous N370S GBA1 mutation and normal subjects without GBA1 mutations. The stem cells were used to generate a cholinergic neuronal cell model. The effects of the GBA1 variant on glucocerebrosidase (GCase) protein and activity, and cathepsin D, tau and α-synuclein protein levels in cholinergic neurons were examined. Ambroxol, a GCase chaperone, was used to investigate whether GCase enhancement was able to reverse the effects of the GBA1 variant on cholinergic neurons. Significant reductions in GCase protein and activity, as well as in cathepsin D levels, were found in GBA1 mutant (N370S/WT) cholinergic neurons. Both tau and α-synuclein levels were significantly increased in GBA1 mutant (N370S/WT) cholinergic neurons. Ambroxol significantly enhanced GCase activity and decreased both tau and α-synuclein levels in cholinergic neurons. GBA1 mutations interfere with the metabolism of α-synuclein and tau proteins and induce higher levels of α-synuclein and tau proteins in cholinergic neurons. The GCase pathway provides a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disorders related to pathological α-synuclein or tau accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yu Yang
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Jan-Willem Taanman
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Matthew Gegg
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Anthony H V Schapira
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London NW3 2PF, UK. Tel: +44 02078302021 (Ex: 68166);
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43
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Tashima T. Delivery of Intravenously Administered Antibodies Targeting Alzheimer's Disease-Relevant Tau Species into the Brain Based on Receptor-Mediated Transcytosis. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:411. [PMID: 35214143 PMCID: PMC8876001 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that causes memory loss, cognitive decline, and eventually dementia. The etiology of AD and its pathological mechanisms remain unclear due to its complex pathobiology. At the same time, the number of patients with AD is increasing worldwide. However, no therapeutic agents for AD are currently available for definitive care. Several phase 3 clinical trials using agents targeting amyloid β (Aβ) and its related molecules have failed, with the exception of aducanumab, an anti-Aβ monoclonal antibody (mAb), clinically approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2021, which could be modified for AD drug development due to controversial approval. Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of tau rather than senile plaques composed of Aβ are correlated with AD pathogenesis. Moreover, Aβ and tau pathologies initially proceed independently. At a certain point in the progression of AD symptoms, the Aβ pathology is involved in the alteration and spreading of the tau pathology. Therefore, tau-targeting therapies have attracted the attention of pharmaceutical scientists, as well as Aβ-targeting therapies. In this review, I introduce the implementations and potential of AD immunotherapy using intravenously administered anti-tau and anti-receptor bispecific mAbs. These cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) based on receptor-mediated transcytosis and are subsequently cleared by microglia based on Fc-mediated endocytosis after binding to tau and lysosomal degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Tashima
- Tashima Laboratories of Arts and Sciences, 1239-5 Toriyama-cho, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 222-0035, Japan
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Hulse J, Bhaskar K. Crosstalk Between the NLRP3 Inflammasome/ASC Speck and Amyloid Protein Aggregates Drives Disease Progression in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:805169. [PMID: 35185469 PMCID: PMC8850380 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.805169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Two key pathological hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), are the accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates and the chronic progressive neuroinflammation that they trigger. Numerous original research and reviews have provided a comprehensive understanding of how aggregated proteins (amyloid β, pathological tau, and α-synuclein) contribute to the disease, including driving sterile inflammation, in part, through the aggregation of multi-protein inflammasome complexes and the ASC speck [composed of NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a C-terminal caspase activation and recruitment domain (ASC), and inflammatory caspase-1] involved in innate immunity. Here, we provide a unique perspective on the crosstalk between the aggregation-prone proteins involved in AD/PD and the multi-protein inflammasome complex/ASC speck that fuels feed-forward exacerbation of each other, driving neurodegeneration. Failed turnover of protein aggregates (both AD/PD related aggregates and the ASC speck) by protein degradation pathways, prionoid propagation of inflammation by the ASC speck, cross-seeding of protein aggregation by the ASC speck, and pro-aggregatory cleavage of proteins by caspase-1 are some of the mechanisms that exacerbate disease progression. We also review studies that provide this causal framework and highlight how the ASC speck serves as a platform for the propagation and spreading of inflammation and protein aggregation that drives AD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Hulse
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Kiran Bhaskar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States,Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States,*Correspondence: Kiran Bhaskar,
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45
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Srinivasan S, Gal J, Bachstetter A, Nelson PT. Alpha adaptins show isoform-specific association with neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2022; 48:e12776. [PMID: 34820873 PMCID: PMC8810620 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The heterotetrameric assembly protein complex 2 (AP-2) is a central hub for clathrin-dependent endocytosis. The AP-2 α-adaptin subunit has two major isoforms, encoded by two separate genes: AP2A1 and AP2A2. Endocytosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease, and recent studies linked α-adaptins (gene variants, splicing defects and altered expression) with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) risk. Here, we used multiple antibodies to investigate α-adaptin isoforms and their localization in human brains. METHODS The specificities of 10 different α-adaptin antibodies were evaluated using immunoblots after human AP2A1 and AP2A2 plasmid transfection in cultured cells. Additional immunoblot analyses were then performed on protein homogenates from control and LOAD subjects. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain sections from control and LOAD subjects were immunohistochemically stained, and immunofluorescence experiments were performed for quantitation of colocalisation with digital image analysis. RESULTS Eight of the 10 evaluated antibodies recognised transfected α-adaptin proteins on immunoblots. The α-adaptin subspecies were relatively uniformly expressed in five different human brain regions. The α-adaptins were present in the detergent-insoluble fraction from cognitively impaired, but less so in control, brains. Immunohistochemical analyses showed colocalisation of AP2A1 with tau pathology in LOAD brains. By contrast, AP2A2 colocalised with microglial cells. CONCLUSIONS These observations provide evidence of isoform-specific changes of α-adaptins in the brains of LOAD subjects. Antibodies that were verified to recognise AP2A1, but not AP2A2, labelled neurofibrillary tangles of LOAD patients. The findings extend our understanding of AP-2 proteins in the human brain in healthy and diseased states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Srinivasan
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536
| | - Jozsef Gal
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC), University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536
| | - Adam Bachstetter
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC), University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536
| | - Peter T. Nelson
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536
- Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536
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46
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p38 Inhibition Decreases Tau Toxicity in Microglia and Improves Their Phagocytic Function. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:1632-1648. [PMID: 35006531 PMCID: PMC8882095 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02715-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other tauopathies are histopathologically characterized by tau aggregation, along with a chronic inflammatory response driven by microglia. Over the past few years, the role of microglia in AD has been studied mainly in relation to amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology. Consequently, there is a substantial knowledge gap concerning the molecular mechanisms involved in tau-mediated toxicity and neuroinflammation, thus hindering the development of therapeutic strategies. We previously demonstrated that extracellular soluble tau triggers p38 MAPK activation in microglia. Given the activation of this signaling pathway in AD and its involvement in neuroinflammation processes, here we evaluated the effect of p38 inhibition on primary microglia cultures subjected to tau treatment. Our data showed that the toxic effect driven by tau in microglia was diminished through p38 inhibition. Furthermore, p38 blockade enhanced microglia-mediated tau phagocytosis, as reflected by an increase in the number of lysosomes. In conclusion, these results contribute to our understanding of the functions of p38 in the central nervous system (CNS) beyond tau phosphorylation in neurons and provide further insights into the potential of p38 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy to halt neuroinflammation in tauopathies.
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Camacho J, Rábano A, Marazuela P, Bonaterra‐Pastra A, Serna G, Moliné T, Ramón y Cajal S, Martínez‐Sáez E, Hernández‐Guillamon M. Association of CD2AP neuronal deposits with Braak neurofibrillary stage in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Pathol 2022; 32:e13016. [PMID: 34514662 PMCID: PMC8713526 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have described several genes as genetic susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among them, CD2AP encodes CD2-associated protein, a scaffold protein implicated in dynamic actin remodeling and membrane trafficking during endocytosis and cytokinesis. Although a clear link between CD2AP defects and glomerular pathology has been described, little is known about the function of CD2AP in the brain. The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of CD2AP in the AD brain and its potential associations with tau aggregation and β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition. First, we performed immunohistochemical analysis of CD2AP expression in brain tissue from AD patients and controls (N = 60). Our results showed granular CD2AP immunoreactivity in the human brain endothelium in all samples. In AD cases, no CD2AP was found to be associated with Aβ deposits in vessels or parenchymal plaques. CD2AP neuronal inclusions similar to neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and neuropil thread-like deposits were found only in AD samples. Moreover, immunofluorescence analysis revealed that CD2AP colocalized with pTau. Regarding CD2AP neuronal distribution, a hierarchical progression from the entorhinal to the temporal and occipital cortex was detected. We found that CD2AP immunodetection in neurons was strongly and positively associated with Braak neurofibrillary stage, independent of age and other pathological hallmarks. To further investigate the association between pTau and CD2AP, we included samples from cases of primary tauopathies (corticobasal degeneration [CBD], progressive supranuclear palsy [PSP], and Pick's disease [PiD]) in our study. Among these cases, CD2AP positivity was only found in PiD samples as neurofibrillary tangle-like and Pick body-like deposits, whereas no neuronal CD2AP deposits were detected in PSP or CBD samples, which suggested an association of CD2AP neuronal expression with 3R-Tau-diseases. In conclusion, our findings open a new road to investigate the complex cellular mechanism underlying the tangle conformation and tau pathology in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Camacho
- Pathology DepartmentVall d’Hebron University HospitalBarcelonaSpain
- Morphological Science DepartmentUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Alberto Rábano
- Neuropathology DepartmentCIEN FoundationAlzheimer’s Centre Queen Sofía FoundationMadridSpain
| | - Paula Marazuela
- Neurovascular Research LaboratoryVall d’Hebron Research InstituteUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Anna Bonaterra‐Pastra
- Neurovascular Research LaboratoryVall d’Hebron Research InstituteUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Garazi Serna
- Morphological Science DepartmentUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Molecular Oncology GroupVall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Teresa Moliné
- Pathology DepartmentVall d’Hebron University HospitalBarcelonaSpain
| | - Santiago Ramón y Cajal
- Pathology DepartmentVall d’Hebron University HospitalBarcelonaSpain
- Morphological Science DepartmentUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Elena Martínez‐Sáez
- Pathology DepartmentVall d’Hebron University HospitalBarcelonaSpain
- Morphological Science DepartmentUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Mar Hernández‐Guillamon
- Neurovascular Research LaboratoryVall d’Hebron Research InstituteUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
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48
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Briel N, Ruf VC, Pratsch K, Roeber S, Widmann J, Mielke J, Dorostkar MM, Windl O, Arzberger T, Herms J, Struebing FL. Single-nucleus chromatin accessibility profiling highlights distinct astrocyte signatures in progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 144:615-635. [PMID: 35976433 PMCID: PMC9468099 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02483-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Tauopathies such as progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration (CBD) exhibit characteristic neuronal and glial inclusions of hyperphosphorylated Tau (pTau). Although the astrocytic pTau phenotype upon neuropathological examination is the most guiding feature in distinguishing both diseases, regulatory mechanisms controlling their transitions into disease-specific states are poorly understood to date. Here, we provide accessible chromatin data of more than 45,000 single nuclei isolated from the frontal cortex of PSP, CBD, and control individuals. We found a strong association of disease-relevant molecular changes with astrocytes and demonstrate that tauopathy-relevant genetic risk variants are tightly linked to astrocytic chromatin accessibility profiles in the brains of PSP and CBD patients. Unlike the established pathogenesis in the secondary tauopathy Alzheimer disease, microglial alterations were relatively sparse. Transcription factor (TF) motif enrichments in pseudotime as well as modeling of the astrocytic TF interplay suggested a common pTau signature for CBD and PSP that is reminiscent of an inflammatory immediate-early response. Nonetheless, machine learning models also predicted discriminatory features, and we observed marked differences in molecular entities related to protein homeostasis between both diseases. Predicted TF involvement was supported by immunofluorescence analyses in postmortem brain tissue for their highly correlated target genes. Collectively, our data expand the current knowledge on risk gene involvement (e.g., MAPT, MAPK8, and NFE2L2) and molecular pathways leading to the phenotypic changes associated with CBD and PSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Briel
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany ,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany ,Munich Medical Research School, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Bavariaring 19, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Viktoria C. Ruf
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin Pratsch
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany ,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sigrun Roeber
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jeannine Widmann
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Janina Mielke
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Mario M. Dorostkar
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Otto Windl
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Arzberger
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany ,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany ,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen Herms
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany ,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany ,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Felix L. Struebing
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany ,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
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BH3-only proteins Puma and Beclin1 regulate autophagic death in neurons in response to Amyloid-β. Cell Death Dis 2021; 7:356. [PMID: 34782612 PMCID: PMC8593071 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00748-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by accumulation of senile amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau tangles causing progressive loss of synapse and neuronal death. Out of the various neuron death modalities, autophagy and apoptosis are reported to be the major death paradigms in AD. However, how these two processes lead to neuronal loss is still inconspicuous. Here we report that under Aβ toxicity, aberrant autophagy is induced with inefficient autophagic flux in neurons. Simultaneous activation of both autophagy and apoptosis are seen in primary cortical neurons as well as in transgenic mice brains. We found that induction of autophagy by rapamycin is detrimental for neurons; whereas downregulation of Beclin1, an important autophagy inducing protein, provides significant protection in Aβ treated neuronal cells by blocking cytochrome-c release from the mitochondria. We further report that downregulation of Puma, a BH3-only pro-apoptotic protein, inhibits the induction of aberrant autophagy and also ameliorates the autophagy flux under the influence of Aβ. Notably, stereotactic administration of shRNAs against Puma and Beclin1 in adult Aβ-infused rat brains inhibits both apoptotic and autophagic pathways. The regulation of both of the death processes is brought about by the direct interaction between Puma and Beclin1 upon Aβ treatment. We conclude that both Beclin1 and Puma play essential roles in the neuronal death caused by the induction of aberrant autophagy in AD and targeting their interaction could be vital to understand the crosstalk of autophagy and apoptosis as well as to develop a potential therapeutic strategy in AD.
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Roberts JA, Varma VR, An Y, Varma S, Candia J, Fantoni G, Tiwari V, Anerillas C, Williamson A, Saito A, Loeffler T, Schilcher I, Moaddel R, Khadeer M, Lovett J, Tanaka T, Pletnikova O, Troncoso JC, Bennett DA, Albert MS, Yu K, Niu M, Haroutunian V, Zhang B, Peng J, Croteau DL, Resnick SM, Gorospe M, Bohr VA, Ferrucci L, Thambisetty M. A brain proteomic signature of incipient Alzheimer's disease in young APOE ε4 carriers identifies novel drug targets. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabi8178. [PMID: 34757788 PMCID: PMC8580310 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi8178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Aptamer-based proteomics revealed differentially abundant proteins in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging and Religious Orders Study (mean age, 89 ± 9 years). A subset of these proteins was also differentially abundant in the brains of young APOE ε4 carriers relative to noncarriers (mean age, 39 ± 6 years). Several of these proteins represent targets of approved and experimental drugs for other indications and were validated using orthogonal methods in independent human brain tissue samples as well as in transgenic AD models. Using cell culture–based phenotypic assays, we showed that drugs targeting the cytokine transducer STAT3 and the Src family tyrosine kinases, YES1 and FYN, rescued molecular phenotypes relevant to AD pathogenesis. Our findings may accelerate the development of effective interventions targeting the earliest molecular triggers of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson A. Roberts
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032
| | - Vijay R. Varma
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yang An
- Brain Aging and Behavior Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | | | - Julián Candia
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Giovanna Fantoni
- Clinical Research Core, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Vinod Tiwari
- Section on DNA Repair, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Carlos Anerillas
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Andrew Williamson
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Atsushi Saito
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Tina Loeffler
- QPS Austria GmbH, Parkring 12, 8074 Grambach, Austria
| | | | - Ruin Moaddel
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Mohammed Khadeer
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jacqueline Lovett
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Olga Pletnikova
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Juan C. Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Marilyn S. Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Kaiwen Yu
- Departments of Structural Biology and Developmental Neurobiology, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Mingming Niu
- Departments of Structural Biology and Developmental Neurobiology, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, The Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Junmin Peng
- Departments of Structural Biology and Developmental Neurobiology, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Deborah L. Croteau
- Section on DNA Repair, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Susan M. Resnick
- Brain Aging and Behavior Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Vilhelm A. Bohr
- Section on DNA Repair, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Madhav Thambisetty
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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