1
|
Bhalla H, Huang G, Seaman K, Silva SSM, Wu B, Wabe N, Westbrook JI, Nguyen AD. Diabetes in residential aged care: Pharmacological management and concordance with clinical guidelines. Australas J Ageing 2024. [PMID: 38961713 DOI: 10.1111/ajag.13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Existing studies have highlighted suboptimal diabetes management in residential aged care facilities (RACFs). However, understanding of diabetes management in Australian metropolitan RACFs has been limited. This retrospective cohort study aimed to explore the pharmacological management of diabetes in 25 RACFs in Sydney Australia and assess concordance with clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). METHODS Data from 231 permanent RACF residents aged ≥65 years and over with type 2 diabetes mellitus over the period from 1 July 2016 to 31 December 2019 were used. Concordance was measured by assessing the medications and medical history data for each individual resident for concordance with evidence-based CPGs. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of resident characteristics on concordance with CPGs. RESULTS Of the 231 residents with diabetes, 87 (38%) were not taking any antidiabetic medication. Pharmacological management inconsistent with CPG recommendations was observed for 73 (32%) residents, with the most common reason for non-concordance being the use of medications with significant adverse effects in older adults (47, 2%). Residents with hypertension or other heart diseases in addition to their diabetes had greater odds of their diabetes management being non-concordant with CPGs (OR = 2.84 95% CI = 1.54, 5.3 and OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.07, 6.41, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological diabetes management in metropolitan Australian RACFs is suboptimal, with a high prevalence of inconsistency with CPGs (32%) observed. Additionally, having hypertension or heart diseases significantly increased the possibility of non-concordance among diabetic RACF residents. Further investigation into the underlying relationships with comorbidities is required to develop better strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hargun Bhalla
- Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences (FMHHS), Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Guogui Huang
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karla Seaman
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Sandun Malpriya Silva
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bosco Wu
- Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences (FMHHS), Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nasir Wabe
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Johanna I Westbrook
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amy D Nguyen
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rosen N, Mukherjee R, Pancholi P, Sharma M, Solomon H, Timaul M, Thant C, McGriskin R, Hayatt O, Markov V, D'Allara J, Bekker S, Candelier J, Carrasco S, de Stanchina E, Vanaja K. Diet induced insulin resistance is due to induction of PTEN expression. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4021885. [PMID: 38978604 PMCID: PMC11230483 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4021885/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a condition that is often associated with obesity and defined by reduced sensitivity of PI3K signaling to insulin (insulin resistance), hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia. Molecular causes and early signaling events underlying insulin resistance are not well understood. Insulin activation of PI3K signaling causes mTOR dependent induction of PTEN translation, a negative regulator of PI3K signaling. We speculated that insulin resistance is due to insulin dependent induction of PTEN protein that prevent further increases in PI3K signaling. Here we show that in a diet induced model of obesity and insulin resistance, PTEN levels are increased in fat, muscle and liver tissues. Onset of hyperinsulinemia and PTEN induction in tissue is followed by hyperglycemia, hepatic steatosis and severe glucose intolerance. Treatment with a PTEN phosphatase inhibitor prevents and reverses these phenotypes, whereas an mTORC1 kinase inhibitor reverses all but the hepatic steatosis. These data suggest that induction of PTEN by increasing levels of insulin elevates feedback inhibition of the pathway to a point where downstream PI3K signaling is reduced and hyperglycemia ensues. PTEN induction is thus necessary for insulin resistance and the type 2 diabetes phenotype and a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
|
3
|
Li Y, Lou N, Liu X, Zhuang X, Chen S. Exploring new mechanisms of Imeglimin in diabetes treatment: Amelioration of mitochondrial dysfunction. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116755. [PMID: 38772155 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), it has become critical to identify effective treatment strategies. In recent years, the novel oral hypoglycaemic drug Imeglimin has attracted much attention in the field of diabetes treatment. The mechanisms of its therapeutic action are complex and are not yet fully understood by current research. Current evidence suggests that pancreatic β-cells, liver, and skeletal muscle are the main organs in which Imeglimin lowers blood glucose levels and that it acts mainly by targeting mitochondrial function, thereby inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis, enhancing insulin sensitivity, promoting pancreatic β-cell function, and regulating energy metabolism. There is growing evidence that the drug also has a potentially volatile role in the treatment of diabetic complications, including metabolic cardiomyopathy, diabetic vasculopathy, and diabetic neuroinflammation. According to available clinical studies, its efficacy and safety profile are more evident than other hypoglycaemic agents, and it has synergistic effects when combined with other antidiabetic drugs, and also has potential in the treatment of T2DM-related complications. This review aims to shed light on the latest research progress in the treatment of T2DM with Imeglimin, thereby providing clinicians and researchers with the latest insights into Imeglimin as a viable option for the treatment of T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Nenngjun Lou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Xianghua Zhuang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China; Multidisciplinary Innovation Center for Nephrology of the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China.
| | - Shihong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China; Multidisciplinary Innovation Center for Nephrology of the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kiryowa HM, Buwembo W, Munabi IG, Mwaka ES, Rwenyonyi CM, Kaddumukasa M, Kiguli S. A comparison of oral bacteriome isolated from periodontal pockets of participants with or without diabetes mellitus in Uganda: a case control study. BMC Res Notes 2024; 17:146. [PMID: 38778408 PMCID: PMC11112893 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06804-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes mellitus predisposes patients to increased incidence and severe forms of periodontal disease. Currently, information on the bacterial diversity of patients with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis in Uganda is scanty. This study set out to describe the bacteria associated with periodontitis in patients with diabetes mellitus in Uganda, as part of a larger study describing the association between periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus. RESULTS This was a case control involving 45 samples of gingival crevicular fluid collected from participants with periodontitis, the cases being 26 participants with diabetes mellitus and controls 19 participants without diabetes mellitus. Sequencing using the 16s Oxford nanopore long read protocol was followed by a bioinformatics analysis pipeline for alpha and beta diversity indices in the two groups. Multivariate tests were done to determine the differences in the bacterial composition in the two groups. Of the 739 Operational Taxonomic Units and 500 phyla identified, 37.9% (280/739) were from participants with diabetes mellitus. Analysis of beta diversity revealed a dissimilarity between the two study groups (CAP score = 0) with a significant association noted between periodontitis and the subgingival bacteria (P = 0.001). Diabetes mellitus reduced the quantity and altered the composition of the subgingival microbiome in the study participants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Muhmood Kiryowa
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - William Buwembo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ian Guyton Munabi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Erisa Sabakaki Mwaka
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Mark Kaddumukasa
- School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sarah Kiguli
- School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Parmar N, Gupta AK, Jhaveri K, A B, Chhaya G, Kansara S, Nair R, Korukonda KR. Real-World Assessment of Personalized Approach With Voglibose Fixed-Dose Combination in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Cureus 2024; 16:e57494. [PMID: 38707131 PMCID: PMC11066517 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-prandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) remains a complex aspect in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Indian population due to uncertainty in the optimal utilization of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) either as standalone therapy or in combination, whether initiated initially or as a sequential therapy. METHODS This was a post-approval, observational, multicentric clinical study conducted at 50 centers according to principles of the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use Guideline for Good Clinical Practice (ICH-GCP) and Declaration of Helsinki and local ethics approval. Descriptive and analytical statistics were applied for conclusion and categorical variables using SPSS version 29.0.1.0 (171) (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). RESULTS Protocol analyses of 515 cases revealed baseline demographics as follows: age 57.35±10.04 years, weight 72.86±10.92 kg, and BMI 28.33±6.07 kg/m2. Comorbidities included hypertension (N=169, 32.82%), thyroid disorders (N=99, 19.22%), and heart failure (N=92, 17.86%). Concomitant oral antidiabetics (OADs) prescribed as DPP4i (9.50%), SGLT2i (19.20%), and DPP4i+SGLT2i (7.20%). Study drug reduced glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) by 13.77% (1.25% mean change, p<0.01), fasting blood glucose (FBG) by 23.69% (44.61 mg/dL mean change, p<0.01), post-prandial blood glucose (PPBG) by 24.57% (70.46 mg/dL mean change, p<0.01), and body weight by 4.43% (3.21 kg mean change, p<0.01) over 12 weeks. A total of 161 patients accomplished targeted PPBG of <180 mg/dL (119.13 mg/dL mean change, p<0.01). Regression analysis considering PPBG and HbA1c ≤7.5% showed a weak correlation between them (R-value=0.13, R-squared value=0.02), whereas between PPBG and HbA1c ≤9% yielded moderate positive correlation (R-value=0.53, R-squared value=0.28). There were no adverse events reported or analyzed during the observation period. CONCLUSION Voglibose fixed-dose combination (FDC) demonstrates significant effectiveness at the initial dosage when started early in the management of T2DM and high PPBG levels. Moreover, it exhibits good tolerability, thereby contributing to higher compliance among Indian patients who consume a high-carbohydrate diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nirmal Parmar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Prisha Medical Care, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Ajay Kumar Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Madhumeha Clinic, New Delhi, IND
| | - Kunal Jhaveri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vishesh Clinic of Internal Medicine, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Balachandran A
- Department of Diabetology, ABC Medical Centre, Erode, IND
| | - Gaurav Chhaya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shivam Medi Care Clinic, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Sandeep Kansara
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. Sandeep Kansara's Diabetes, Thyroid, and Hormone Clinic, Udaipur, IND
| | - Rathish Nair
- Department of Medical Strategic Affairs, Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Ahmedabad, IND
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Anaga N, Lekshmy K, Purushothaman J. (+)-Catechin mitigates impairment in insulin secretion and beta cell damage in methylglyoxal-induced pancreatic beta cells. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:434. [PMID: 38520585 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09338-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is the central process contributing to diabetic complications in diabetic individuals with sustained and inconsistent hyperglycemia. Methylglyoxal, a reactive carbonyl species, is found to be a major precursor of AGEs, and its levels are elevated in diabetic conditions. Dysfunction of pancreatic beta cells and impairment in insulin secretion are the hallmarks of diabetic progression. Exposure to methylglyoxal-induced AGEs alters the function and maintenance of pancreatic beta cells. Hence, trapping methylglyoxal could be an ideal approach to alleviate AGE formation and its influence on beta cell proliferation and insulin secretion, thereby curbing the progression of diabetes to its complications. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, we have explored the mechanism of action of (+)-Catechin against methylglyoxal-induced disruption in pancreatic beta cells via molecular biology techniques, mainly western blot. Methylglyoxal treatment decreased insulin synthesis (41.5%) via downregulating the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion pathway (GSIS). This was restored upon co-treatment with (+)-Catechin (29.9%) in methylglyoxal-induced Beta-TC-6 cells. Also, methylglyoxal treatment affected the autocrine function of insulin by disrupting the IRS1/PI3k/Akt pathway. Methylglyoxal treatment suppresses Pdx-1 and Maf A levels, which are responsible for beta cell maintenance and cell proliferation. (+)-Catechin could significantly augment the levels of these transcription factors. CONCLUSION This is the first study to examine the impact of a natural compound on methylglyoxal with the insulin-mediated autocrine and paracrine activities of pancreatic beta cells. The results indicate that (+)-Catechin exerts a protective effect against methylglyoxal exposure in pancreatic beta cells and can be considered a potential anti-glycation agent in further investigations on ameliorating diabetic complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nair Anaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Krishnan Lekshmy
- Department of Biochemistry, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India
| | - Jayamurthy Purushothaman
- Department of Biochemistry, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wojujutari AK, Idemudia ES, Ugwu LE. Psychological resilience mediates the relationship between diabetes distress and depression among persons with diabetes in a multi-group analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6510. [PMID: 38499620 PMCID: PMC10948786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57212-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim to examine the link between diabetes distress and depression in individuals with diabetes, assess the mediating role of psychological resilience in this relationship, and analyses if these relationships differ between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. The study utilized a cross-sectional design. A total of 181 (age 33-72 years, mean = 54.76 years, and SD = 9.05 years) individuals diagnosed with diabetes who were receiving treatment from State Specialist Hospitals in Okitipupa were selected for the study using the convenient sampling technique. The data were analysed using Pearson Multiple correlation and multi-group mediation analysis. The analyses were carried out with Smartpls and IBM/SPSS Version 28.0. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between diabetes distress and depression (r = .80, p < .05), suggesting that higher levels of diabetes distress were associated with increased depression scores. Additionally, psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between diabetes distress and depression (b = - 0.10, p < .05), signifying that resilience played a crucial role in mitigating the impact of diabetes distress on depression. Furthermore, a multi-group analysis was conducted to explore potential differences between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes subgroups. The relationship between diabetes distress and depression was found to be more pronounced in the Type 1 subgroup (difference = 0.345, p < .05), while the relationship between psychological resilience and depression was negatively stronger in the Type 2 subgroup (difference = - 0.404, p < .05) compared to the Type 1 subgroup. There is an intricate linkage between diabetes distress, resilience, and depression, emphasizing the differential roles of resilience in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. The insights gleaned from this study underscore the importance of considering the type of diabetes when designing interventions and support mechanisms for individuals with diabetes who are also suffering from depression. By advancing our understanding of these dynamics, we can strive for more effective and personalized approaches to improve the overall well-being of those living with diabetes.
Collapse
|
8
|
Mohammadi S, Ghaderi S, Sayehmiri F, Fathi M. Quantitative susceptibility mapping for iron monitoring of multiple subcortical nuclei in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1331831. [PMID: 38510699 PMCID: PMC10950952 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1331831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Iron accumulation in the brain has been linked to diabetes, but its role in subcortical structures involved in motor and cognitive functions remains unclear. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) allows the non-invasive quantification of iron deposition in the brain. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined magnetic susceptibility measured by QSM in the subcortical nuclei of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared with controls. Methods PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched [following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines] for studies reporting QSM values in the deep gray matter (DGM) regions of patients with T2DM and controls. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) for susceptibility were calculated using fixed-effects meta-analysis models, and heterogeneity was assessed using I2. Sensitivity analyses were conducted, and publication bias was evaluated using Begg's and Egger's tests. Results Six studies including 192 patients with T2DM and 245 controls were included. This study found a significant increase in iron deposition in the subcortical nuclei of patients with T2DM compared to the control group. The study found moderate increases in the putamen (SMD = 0.53, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.72, p = 0.00) and dentate nucleus (SMD = 0.56, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.85, p = 0.00) but weak associations between increased iron levels in the caudate nucleus (SMD = 0.32, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.52, p = 0.00) and red nucleus (SMD = 0.22, 95% CI 0.00 0.44, p = 0.05). No statistical significance was found for iron deposition alterations in the globus pallidus (SMD = 0.19; 95% CI -0.01 to 0.38; p = 0.06) and substantia nigra (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI -0.10, 0.34, p = 0.29). Sensitivity analysis showed that the findings remained unaffected by individual studies, and consistent increases were observed in multiple subcortical areas. Discussion QSM revealed an increase in iron in the DGM/subcortical nuclei in T2DM patients versus controls, particularly in the motor and cognitive nuclei, including the putamen, dentate nucleus, caudate nucleus, and red nucleus. Thus, QSM may serve as a potential biomarker for iron accumulation in T2DM patients. However, further research is needed to validate these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Ghaderi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sayehmiri
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mobina Fathi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Suaifan GARY, Alkhawaja B, Shehadeh MB, Sharmaa M, Hor Kuan C, Okechukwu PN. Glucosamine substituted sulfonylureas: IRS-PI3K-PKC-AKT-GLUT4 insulin signalling pathway intriguing agent. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:695-703. [PMID: 38389876 PMCID: PMC10880904 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00647f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Normally, skeletal muscle accounts for 70-80% of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in the postprandial hyperglycemia state. Consequently, abnormalities in glucose uptake by skeletal muscle or insulin resistance (IR) are deemed as initial metabolic defects in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Globally, T2DM is growing in exponential proportion. The majority of T2DM patients are treated with sulfonylureas in combination with other drugs to improve insulin sensitivity. Glycosylated sulfonylureas (sulfonylurea-glucosamine analogues) are modified analogues of sulfonylurea that have been previously reported to possess antidiabetic activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of glycosylated sulfonylureas on the insulin signalling pathway at the molecular level using L6 skeletal muscle cell (in vitro) and extracted soleus muscle (ex vivo) models. To create an in vitro model, insulin resistance was established utilizing a high insulin-glucose approach in differentiated L6 muscle cells from Rattus norvegicus. Additionally, for the ex vivo model, extracted soleus muscles, adult Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a solution containing 25 mmol L-1 glucose and 100 mmol L-1 insulin for 24 hours to induce insulin resistance. After insulin resistance, compounds under investigation and standard medicines (metformin and glimepiride) were tested. The differential expression of PI3K, IRS-1, PKC, AKT2, and GLUT4 genes involved in the insulin signaling pathway was evaluated using qPCR. The evaluated glycosylated sulfonylurea analogues exhibited a significant increase in the gene expression of insulin-dependent pathways both in vitro and ex vivo, confirming the rejuvenation of the impaired insulin signaling pathway genes. Altogether, glycosylated sulfonylurea analogues described in this study represent potential therapeutic anti-diabetic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghadeer A R Y Suaifan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan Amman 11942 Jordan
| | - Bayan Alkhawaja
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra Amman 11196 Jordan
| | - Mayadah B Shehadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan Amman 11942 Jordan
| | - Mridula Sharmaa
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University Kuala Lumpur 56000 Malaysia
| | - Chan Hor Kuan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University Kuala Lumpur 56000 Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra Amman 11196 Jordan
| | - Patrick Nwabueze Okechukwu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University Kuala Lumpur 56000 Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang M, Wang T, Gu F. Efficacy of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Complement Med Res 2024; 31:187-200. [PMID: 38286111 DOI: 10.1159/000536453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder, and there is an increasing interest in the potential benefits of traditional Chinese medicine, such as Huanglian Jiedu decoction (HJD), for its management. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of HJD in the treatment of T2DM. METHODS A systematic review was conducted across six databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang, from their inception to August 24, 2023. We focused on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated HJD as both a monotherapy and in combination treatments for T2DM patients. Data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 17.0, with evaluations for heterogeneity and publication bias. Additionally, subgroup analyses were stratified based on the duration of treatment. RESULTS A total of 40 studies involving 3,934 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Both HJD monotherapy and combined with other therapies significantly reduced hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) fasting blood glucose (FBG) and 2-h postprandial glucose (2hPG) levels, as well as improved insulin resistance. Furthermore, combination therapy enhanced the efficacy rate and favorably altered lipid profiles, including increasing HDL-C and decreasing LDL-C, TC, and TG levels. It was worth noting that the results of the subgroup analysis indicated that, in terms of reducing HbA1c and 2hPG, the efficacy of HJD alone for a duration of less than 3 months was found to be potentially superior to that observed in treatments exceeding 3 months. Adverse event assessment suggested that HJD did not increase the incidence of side effects, including diarrhea, affirming its safety. CONCLUSION HJD appears to be an effective and safe alternative or adjunctive therapy for T2DM, showing significant improvements in glycemic control and lipid profiles without increasing adverse events. Further rigorous, multicenter RCTs outside China are warranted to validate these findings. Ziel Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 (DMT2) ist eine weit verbreitete Stoffwechselerkrankung, und es besteht ein steigendes Interesse an den potenziellen Vorteilen der traditionellen chinesischen Medizin, wie beispielsweise Huanglian Jiedu-Dekokt (HJD), zu seiner Behandlung. Mit dieser Metaanalyse sollten die Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit von HJD zur Behandlung von DMT2 ermittelt werden. Methoden Es wurde eine systematische Recherche in sechs Datenbanken durchgeführt, darunter PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) und Wanfang, für die Zeit vom Beginn der Datenbank bis zum 24. August 2023. Dabei lag unser Hauptaugenmerk auf randomisierten kontrollierten Studien (RCTs), die HJD sowohl als Monotherapie als auch in Kombinationstherapien bei Patienten mit DMT2 untersuchten. Die Datenanalyse erfolgte mithilfe von RevMan 5.3 und Stata 17.0 mit Untersuchungen auf Heterogenität und Publikationsverzerrungen. Darüber hinaus wurden Subgruppenanalysen stratifiziert nach Behandlungsdauer durchgeführt. Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 40 Studien mit 3.934 Teilnehmern in die Metaanalyse eingeschlossen. HJD führte sowohl als Monotherapie als auch in Kombination mit anderen Therapien zu einer signifikanten Senkung des HbA1c-Nüchternblutzuckerspiegels (fasting blood glucose, FBG) und der postprandialen Blutzuckerwerte 2 Stunden nach dem Essen (2-h postprandial glucose, 2hPG) sowie zu einer Verbesserung der Insulinresistenz. Darüber hinaus verbesserte die Kombinationstherapie die Wirksamkeitsrate und führte zu einer positiven Veränderung der Lipidprofile, die eine Erhöhung der HDL-Cholesterinwerte und eine Senkung der LDL-, Gesamtcholesterin- und Trigylceridwerte einschloss. Erwähnenswert ist, dass nach den Ergebnissen der Subgruppenanalyse die Wirksamkeit von HJD als Monotherapie in Hinblick auf die Senkung der HbA1c- und 2hPG-Werte bei einer Behandlungsdauer von weniger als drei Monaten gegenüber derjenigen von Behandlungen, die länger als drei Monate dauerten, potenziell überlegen war. Die Bewertung der unerwünschten Ereignisse zeigte, dass HJD nicht zu einem Anstieg der Nebenwirkungen wie Durchfall führte, was seine Sicherheit bestätigte. Schlussfolgerung HJD scheint eine wirksame und sichere Alternative oder Zusatztherapie bei DMT2 zu sein, die signifikante Verbesserungen der Blutzuckerkontrolle und der Lipidprofile ohne Zunahme der unerwünschten Ereignisse bewirkt. Weitere rigorose, multizentrische RCTs außerhalb Chinas sind erforderlich, um diese Ergebnisse zu validieren.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menglong Wang
- Graduate School, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Tongrui Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Feng Gu
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Balogun FO, Singh K, Rampadarath A, Akoonjee A, Naidoo K, Sabiu S. Cheminformatics identification of modulators of key carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes from C. cujete for type-2 diabetes mellitus intervention. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:1299-1317. [PMID: 37969920 PMCID: PMC10638353 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01249-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The therapeutic use of oral hypoglycaemic agents in the management of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is without adverse effects; thus, calls for alternative and novel candidates from natural products in medicinal plants. Method The study explored molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation approaches to identify key antidiabetic metabolites from Crescentia cujete. Results Molecular docking results identified four and/or five best compounds against each target enzyme (alpha-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV, aldose reductase, and protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP-1B)) implicated in diabetes. The resulting complexes (except against PTP-1B) had higher docking scores above respective standards (acarbose, Diprotin A, ranirestat). The MD simulation results revealed compounds such as benzoic acid (-48.414 kcal/mol) and phytol (-45.112 kcal/mol) as well as chlorogenic acid (-42.978 kcal/mol) and naringenin (-31.292 kcal/mol) had higher binding affinities than the standards [acarbose (-28.248 kcal/mol), ranirestat (-21.042 kcal/mol)] against alpha-glucosidase and aldose reductase, respectively while Diprotin A (-45.112 kcal/mol) and ursolic acid (-18.740 kcal/mol) presented superior binding affinities than the compounds [luteolin (-41.957 kcal/mol and naringenin (-16.518 kcal/mol)] against DPP-IV and PTP-1B respectively. Conclusion While isoflavone (alpha-glucosidase), xylocaine (DPP-IV), luteolin (aldose reductase,) and chlorogenic acid (PTP-1B) were affirmed as the best inhibitors of respective enzyme targets, luteolin, and chlorogenic acid may be suggested and proposed as probable candidates against T2DM and related retinopathy complication based on their structural stability, compactness and affinity for three (DPP-IV, aldose reductase, and PTP-1B) of the four targets investigated. Further studies are warranted in vitro and in vivo on the antihyperglycaemic effects of these drug candidates. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01249-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatai Oladunni Balogun
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000 South Africa
| | - Karishma Singh
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000 South Africa
- Department of Nature Conservation, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Mangosuthu, South Africa
| | - Athika Rampadarath
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000 South Africa
| | - Ayesha Akoonjee
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000 South Africa
| | - Kayleen Naidoo
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000 South Africa
| | - Saheed Sabiu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000 South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Istyastono EP, Yuniarti N, Prasasty VD, Mungkasi S, Waskitha SSW, Yanuar MRS, Riswanto FDO. Caffeic Acid in Spent Coffee Grounds as a Dual Inhibitor for MMP-9 and DPP-4 Enzymes. Molecules 2023; 28:7182. [PMID: 37894660 PMCID: PMC10609219 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic foot ulcers remain serious worldwide health problems. Caffeic acid is one of the natural products that has been experimentally proven to have diverse pharmacological properties. This study aimed to assess the inhibitory activity of caffeic acid and ethanolic extract of spent coffee grounds targeting DPP-4 and MMP-9 enzymes and evaluate the molecular interactions through 50-ns molecular dynamics simulations. This study also introduced our new version of PyPLIF HIPPOS, PyPLIF HIPPOS 0.2.0, which allowed us to identify protein-ligand interaction fingerprints and interaction hotspots resulting from molecular dynamics simulations. Our findings revealed that caffeic acid inhibited the DPP-4 and MMP-9 activity with an IC50 of 158.19 ± 11.30 µM and 88.99 ± 3.35 µM while ethanolic extract of spent coffee grounds exhibited an IC50 of 227.87 ± 23.80 µg/100 µL and 81.24 ± 6.46 µg/100 µL, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that caffeic acid interacted in the plausible allosteric sites of DPP-4 and in the active site of MMP-9. PyPLIF HIPPOS 0.2.0 identified amino acid residues interacting more than 10% throughout the simulation, which were Lys463 and Trp62 in the plausible allosteric site of DPP-4 and His226 in the active site of MMP-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enade P. Istyastono
- Research Group of Computer-Aided Drug Design and Discovery of Bioactive Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta 55282, Indonesia; (S.S.W.W.); (M.R.S.Y.); (F.D.O.R.)
| | - Nunung Yuniarti
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia;
| | - Vivitri D. Prasasty
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;
| | - Sudi Mungkasi
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta 55282, Indonesia;
| | - Stephanus S. W. Waskitha
- Research Group of Computer-Aided Drug Design and Discovery of Bioactive Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta 55282, Indonesia; (S.S.W.W.); (M.R.S.Y.); (F.D.O.R.)
| | - Michael R. S. Yanuar
- Research Group of Computer-Aided Drug Design and Discovery of Bioactive Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta 55282, Indonesia; (S.S.W.W.); (M.R.S.Y.); (F.D.O.R.)
| | - Florentinus D. O. Riswanto
- Research Group of Computer-Aided Drug Design and Discovery of Bioactive Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta 55282, Indonesia; (S.S.W.W.); (M.R.S.Y.); (F.D.O.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Albajy MA, Mernea M, Mihaila A, Pop CE, Mihăilescu DF. Harnessing Code Interpreters for Enhanced Predictive Modeling: A Case Study on High-Density Lipoprotein Level Estimation in Romanian Diabetic Patients. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1466. [PMID: 37888077 PMCID: PMC10608218 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a condition accompanied by the alteration of body parameters, including those related to lipids like triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), and high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). The latter are grouped under the term dyslipidemia and are considered a risk factor for cardiovascular events. In the present work, we analyzed the complex relationships between twelve parameters (disease status, age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, TG, HDL, LDL, glucose, HbA1c levels, and disease onset) of patients with diabetes from Romania. An initial prospective analysis showed that HDL is inversely correlated with most of the parameters; therefore, we further analyzed the dependence of HDLs on the other factors. The analysis was conducted with the Code Interpreter plugin of ChatGPT, which was used to build several models from which Random Forest performed best. The principal predictors of HDLs were TG, LDL, and HbA1c levels. Random Forest models were used to model all parameters, showing that blood pressure and HbA1c can be predicted based on the other parameters with the least error, while the less predictable parameters were TG and LDL levels. By conducting the present study using the ChatGPT Code Interpreter, we show that elaborate analysis methods are at hand and easy to apply by researchers with limited computational resources. The insight that can be gained from such an approach, such as what we obtained on HDL level predictors in diabetes, could be relevant for deriving novel management strategies and therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maitham Abdallah Albajy
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independenței Str., 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.A.); (D.F.M.)
- National Center for Occupational Health and Safety, 22 Imam Ali Str., Nasiriyah 64001, Iraq
| | - Maria Mernea
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independenței Str., 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.A.); (D.F.M.)
| | - Alexandra Mihaila
- Liberty Medical Center Clinic, Intrarea Zorilor 23 A Str., 077175 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Cristian-Emilian Pop
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independenței Str., 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.A.); (D.F.M.)
- Non-Governmental Research Organization Biologic, Schitului 14 Str., 032044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dan Florin Mihăilescu
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independenței Str., 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.A.); (D.F.M.)
- Biometric Psychiatric Genetics Research Unit, Alexandru Obregia Psychiatric Hospital, Șoseaua Berceni 10 Str., 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hariri A, Mirian M, Zarrabi A, Kohandel M, Amini-Pozveh M, Aref AR, Tabatabaee A, Prabhakar PK, Sivakumar PM. The circadian rhythm: an influential soundtrack in the diabetes story. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1156757. [PMID: 37441501 PMCID: PMC10333930 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1156757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has been the main category of metabolic diseases in recent years due to changes in lifestyle and environmental conditions such as diet and physical activity. On the other hand, the circadian rhythm is one of the most significant biological pathways in humans and other mammals, which is affected by light, sleep, and human activity. However, this cycle is controlled via complicated cellular pathways with feedback loops. It is widely known that changes in the circadian rhythm can alter some metabolic pathways of body cells and could affect the treatment process, particularly for metabolic diseases like T2DM. The aim of this study is to explore the importance of the circadian rhythm in the occurrence of T2DM via reviewing the metabolic pathways involved, their relationship with the circadian rhythm from two perspectives, lifestyle and molecular pathways, and their effect on T2DM pathophysiology. These impacts have been demonstrated in a variety of studies and led to the development of approaches such as time-restricted feeding, chronotherapy (time-specific therapies), and circadian molecule stabilizers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amirali Hariri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mina Mirian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mohammad Kohandel
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Maryam Amini-Pozveh
- Department of Prosthodontics Dentistry, Dental Materials Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc., Boston, MA, United States
| | - Aliye Tabatabaee
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pranav Kumar Prabhakar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
- Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara Punjab, India
| | - Ponnurengam Malliappan Sivakumar
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sulfianti A, Firdausi N, Nurhadi N, Ngatinem N, Agustini K, Ningsih S. Antidiabetic activity of Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Stennis extracts with different ethanol percentages: an evaluation based on in vitro, in vivo, and molecular studies. PHARMACIA 2023. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.70.e94899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Stennis, also known as Binahong (B), is an Indonesian plant used to treat diabetes. The purpose of this study was to determine the best extragent for preparing Binahong extract as an antidiabetic agent using different concentrations of ethanol (50%, 70%, and 96%), labelled as BE50%, BE70%, and BE96%. An alpha-glucosidase inhibiting assay was used to assess the activity. The most active extract was tested in vivo assay using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and alloxan-high feed diet (alloxan-HFD)-induced diabetes in rats, with glucose level and beta cell Langerhans repair as parameters. A molecular assay was also performed to look into the expression of homeostasis regulator genes on 3T3-L1 adipose cells. The results showed that 96% ethanol extract (BE96%) inhibited alpha-glucosidase the most effectively (IC50 119.78± 11.14 μg/mL). The in vivo assay revealed that the treatment BE96% at 250 mg/kg BW for 21 consecutive days significantly reduced plasma glucose levels in Type 2 DM rats compared to the control group (p ≤ .05) with improved of Langerhans beta cells. BE96% also significantly reduced postprandial glucose levels. At the cellular level, Oil-Red-O staining revealed that differentiated adipocytes treated with BE96% had the highest lipid absorbance (p ≤ .05), compared to the control. BE96% significantly increased the expression of Glucose Transporter Isoform 4 (GLUT4) at the molecular level. It could be concluded that BE96% exhibited the best antidiabetic properties.
Collapse
|
16
|
Jan A, Ali S, Muhammad B, Arshad A, Shah Y, Bahadur H, Khan H, Khuda F, Akbar R, Ijaz K. Decoding type 2 diabetes mellitus genetic risk variants in Pakistani Pashtun ethnic population using the nascent whole exome sequencing and MassARRAY genotyping: A case-control association study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281070. [PMID: 36730981 PMCID: PMC9882913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have greatly increased the number of T2DM associated risk variants but most of them have focused on populations of European origin. There is scarcity of such studies in developing countries including Pakistan. High prevalence of T2DM in Pakistani population prompted us to design this study. We have devised a two stage (the discovery stage and validation stage) case-control study in Pashtun ethnic population in which 500 T2DM cases and controls each have been recruited to investigate T2DM genetic risk variants. In discovery stage Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) was used to identify and suggest T2DM pathogenic SNPs, based on SIFT and Polyphen scores; whereas in validation stage the selected variants were confirmed for T2DM association using MassARRAY genotyping and appropriate statistical tests. Results of the study showed the target positive association of rs1801282/PPARG (OR = 1.24, 95%Cl = 1.20-1.46, P = 0.010), rs745975/HNF4A (OR = 1.30, 95%Cl = 1.06-1.38, P = 0.004), rs806052/GLIS3 (OR = 1.32, 95%Cl = 1.07-1.66, P = 0.016), rs8192552/MTNR1B (OR = 1.53, 95%Cl = 0.56-1.95, P = 0.012) and rs1805097/IRS-2 (OR = 1.27, 95%Cl = 1.36-1.92, P = 0.045), with T2DM; whereas rs6415788/GLIS3, rs61788900/NOTCH2, rs61788901/NOTCH2 and rs11810554/NOTCH2 (P>0.05) showed no significant association. Identification of genetic risk factors/variants can be used in defining high risk subjects assessment, and disease prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asif Jan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (ZU); (AJ)
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Basir Muhammad
- Atomic Energy Cancer Hospital, Swat Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Oncology & Radiotherapy, Swat, Pakistan
| | - Amina Arshad
- Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yasar Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Haji Bahadur
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Hamayun Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Fazli Khuda
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Rani Akbar
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Kiran Ijaz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gharbia S, Nazarie SR, Dinescu S, Balta C, Herman H, Peteu VE, Gherghiceanu M, Hermenean A, Costache M. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) Supplemented with Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) Attenuate Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Liver Fibrosis by Inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway in Chemical-Induced Liver Fibrosis Associated with Diabetes. Cells 2022; 11:3338. [PMID: 36359733 PMCID: PMC9653841 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis can develop on the background of hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus. However, xenobiotic-related factors may accelerate diabetes-associated liver fibrosis. In this study, we aimed to assess the antfibrotic effect of ADSC and HGF therapy and to establish the cellular and molecular mechanisms through in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro, TGF-β1-activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were cocultured with ADSCs or HGF, and the expression of several fibrosis markers was investigated. The antifibrotic effect of the ADSCs, HGF, and ADSCs supplemented with HGF was further assessed in vivo on diabetic mice with liver fibrosis experimentally induced. In vitro results showed the inhibition of HSC proliferation and decrease in fibrogenesis markers. Coadministration of ADSCs and HGF on diabetic mice with liver fibrosis enhanced antifibrotic effects confirmed by the downregulation of Col I, α-SMA, TGF-β1, and Smad2, while Smad7 was upregulated. Moreover, stem cell therapy supplemented with HGF considerably attenuated inflammation and microvesicular steatosis, decreased collagen deposits, and alleviated liver fibrosis. In conclusion, the HGF-based ADSC therapy might be of interest for the treatment of liver fibrosis in diabetic patients, consecutive aggression exerts by different environmental factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sami Gharbia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
| | - Simona-Rebeca Nazarie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorina Dinescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), University of Bucharest, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cornel Balta
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
| | - Hildegard Herman
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
| | | | - Mihaela Gherghiceanu
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Hermenean
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Marieta Costache
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), University of Bucharest, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bays HE, Lazarus E, Primack C, Fitch A. Obesity pillars roundtable: Phentermine - Past, present, and future. OBESITY PILLARS (ONLINE) 2022; 3:100024. [PMID: 37990729 PMCID: PMC10661986 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Phentermine is a sympathomimetic amine, approved for "short-term"treatment of patients with obesity. Among phentermine contraindications include use in patients with cardiovascular disease or patients with uncontrolled hypertension. Methods This roundtable discussion includes perspectives from 3 obesity specialists with experience in the clinical use of phentermine. The questions asked of the panelists were derived from publications regarding phentermine safety and efficacy. Results While the panelists generally agreed upon core principles of phentermine use, each obesity specialist had their own priorities and style regarding the administration of phentermine. Among the variances in perceptions (based upon their individual "real world" clinical experiences) included the degree of efficacy and degree of clinical benefit of phentermine, degree of concern regarding phentermine use in patients with cardiovascular disease risk factors, the advisability of a screening electrocardiogram, and the role of telehealth in prescribing phentermine and monitoring for the efficacy and safety of phentermine. Conclusions Providing universal guidance regarding phentermine treatment for obesity is challenging because of the lack of long-term, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, health outcomes data. Such data is unlikely forthcoming any time soon. Also challenging are the substantial variances in governmental restrictions on phentermine use. Therefore, clinicians are left to rely on the best available evidence, their individual practical clinical experience, as well as the collective clinical experiences of others - as reflected by this roundtable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harold Edward Bays
- Diplomate of American Board of Obesity Medicine, Louisville Metabolic and Atherosclerosis Research Center, University of Louisville Medical School, 3288 Illinois Avenue, Louisville, KY, 40213, USA
| | - Ethan Lazarus
- Diplomate American Board of Obesity Medicine, Obesity Medicine Association Delegate to the American Medical Association, Clinical Nutrition Center, Greenwood Village, Colorado, USA
| | - Craig Primack
- Diplomate American Board of Obesity Medicine, Scottsdale Weight Loss Center, Scottsdale, AZ, 85258, USA
| | - Angela Fitch
- Diplomate American Board of Obesity Medicine, Medicine Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital Weight Center, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kravchenko G, Krasilnikova O, Raal A, Mazen M, Chaika N, Kireyev I, Grytsyk A, Koshovyi O. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi L. leaves extract and its modified cysteine preparation for the management of insulin resistance: chemical analysis and bioactivity. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2022; 12:30. [PMID: 35953755 PMCID: PMC9372252 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-022-00352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi L.) is a perennial plant of the heather family (Ericaceae). The leaves are dominated by arbutin, phenol carbonic acids flavonoids, saponins, etc. It was previously shown that the bearberry leaves extract reduced blood glucose level in healthy animals under glucose overload, so it need to be studied more detail. The aim of the study was to investigate the chemical composition and the effect of dry alcohol extract from bearberry leaves, which enriched with cysteine, on the rats pancreas under experimental dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance (IR). Arctostaphylos uva-ursi L. leaves extract and its modified cysteine preparation were obtained according to the developed method with 50% ethanol solution. Their phytochemical profile, hypoglycaemic and pancreatic protective effect were investigated. Phenologlycoside (arbutin), phenolic carboxylic acid (gallic acid), 5 flavonoids and 4 hydroxycinnamic acids were identified and quantified in the extracts by HPLC. Present data revealed that bearberry leaves alcoholic dry extract enriched with cysteine has a hypoglycaemic and pancreatic protective effect in treated animals under dexamethasone-induced IR model. Treatment improved hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance and beta cell reduction induced by dexamethasone injections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ganna Kravchenko
- National University of Pharmacy, 53 Pushkinska Str., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Krasilnikova
- National University of Pharmacy, 53 Pushkinska Str., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
| | - Ain Raal
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Matar Mazen
- National University of Pharmacy, 53 Pushkinska Str., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Chaika
- National University of Pharmacy, 53 Pushkinska Str., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
| | - Igor Kireyev
- National University of Pharmacy, 53 Pushkinska Str., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
| | - Andriy Grytsyk
- Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, 2 Halytska Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Oleh Koshovyi
- National University of Pharmacy, 53 Pushkinska Str., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Blackmond N, Provencher E, Provencher S, Zoma M, Goodman BD, Silverman A. Complicated Open Wound Management in a Free Clinic Setting. Cureus 2022; 14:e26605. [PMID: 35936122 PMCID: PMC9354678 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex and integrated process that involves several interdependent overlapping stages, including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and vascularization. Cellulitis and skin abscesses are among the most common skin and soft tissue infections. Cellulitis typically involves the deeper dermis of subcutaneous fat and tends to have a more indolent course with the development of localized symptoms over a few days. Skin abscesses are described as a collection of pus within the dermis or subcutaneous space. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the leading cause of impaired wound healing and consequently has higher rates of patients developing soft tissue infections. Diabetic patients experience decreased early inflammatory cell infiltration but increased numbers of neutrophils and macrophages. Complications include bacteremia, metastatic infection, sepsis, and toxic shock syndrome. In this case, we describe a 50-year-old Caucasian uninsured male who was referred to the Gary Burnstein Clinic (GBC) from a nearby hospital for wound management after an incision and drainage of a large back abscess and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The patient presented with a large erythematous, indurated lesion with a cruciate incision that spanned from his mid-thoracic spine to the medial border of his left scapula. The wound management course required strict follow-up to the clinic every 48-72 hours for debridement and monitoring. This was complicated by the GBC’s limited resources along with the volunteer nurses’ and physicians’ availability. To avoid the patient being lost to follow-up, shared decision-making was utilized to create a schedule that was advantageous for both the patient and the clinic. Ultimately, the patient made a full recovery without any adverse events. This case highlights the gaps in care for the medically uninsured. We also showcase the passion and dedication our medical volunteers exhibit to care for the community. The GBC provides high-quality healthcare to bridge gaps in access to care by offering broad specialist access while ensuring continuity of care.
Collapse
|
21
|
Nurinda E, Kusumawardani N, Wulandari AS, Fatmawati A, Emelda E, Nisa H, Hasan NA, Iriyanti WF, Rohmah M, Lestari P, Aprilia V. Pharmacological Study: Synergistic Antidiabetic Activity of Cinnamon Bark and Zingiber Extract in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cinnamon has been widely used by Indonesian people as a complementary therapy to treat hyperglycemia such as in diabetes mellitus patients. While ginger is also used as a mixture in traditional anti hyperglycemia herb. There is not known how much antidiabetic effect of cinnamon ethanolic extract when combined with ginger, and not many studies have analyzed the correlation of lowering blood glucose levels associated with increasing of insulin of this combination.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigates antidiabetic activity of cinnamon extract, zingiber extract, and mixture on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Methods: This pharmacological study used Wistar strain male rats under hyperglycemia condition induced by streptozotocin at a dose of 45mg/kg. Sample were grouped with 6 animals in each where there was a positive and negative control group and also an intervention group given ethanol extract for 14 days.
Results: The result showed that all intervention groups experienced an increase in insulin levels and a decrease in blood glucose levels after 14 days. The One Way Anova test showed that the increase of insulin levels treated with combination of ethanolic extract cinnamon bark at the dose 150mg/200gr and ginger ethanolic extract at the dose 100mg/200gr was comparable to Glibenclamide (p=0.355), but the decrease in blood glucose levels between groups showed a difference that was not statistically significant. There was a relationship between insulin levels and blood glucose levels linearity with the equation Y (insulin level) = -5.261 + (-0.060) blood glucose level.
Conclusions: The combination of cinnamon and ginger showed beneficial synergistic anti-diabetic activity. It can increase insulin levels, making it possible to control blood sugar levels in high blood glucose conditions.
Collapse
|