1
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Zimmermann A, Madeo F, Diwan A, Sadoshima J, Sedej S, Kroemer G, Abdellatif M. Metabolic control of mitophagy. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14138. [PMID: 38041247 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major hallmark of ageing and related chronic disorders. Controlled removal of damaged mitochondria by the autophagic machinery, a process known as mitophagy, is vital for mitochondrial homeostasis and cell survival. The central role of mitochondria in cellular metabolism places mitochondrial removal at the interface of key metabolic pathways affecting the biosynthesis or catabolism of acetyl-coenzyme A, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, polyamines, as well as fatty acids and amino acids. Molecular switches that integrate the metabolic status of the cell, like AMP-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase A, mechanistic target of rapamycin and sirtuins, have also emerged as important regulators of mitophagy. In this review, we discuss how metabolic regulation intersects with mitophagy. We place special emphasis on the metabolic regulatory circuits that may be therapeutically targeted to delay ageing and mitochondria-associated chronic diseases. Moreover, we identify outstanding knowledge gaps, such as the ill-defined distinction between basal and damage-induced mitophagy, which must be resolved to boost progress in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Zimmermann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth-University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth-University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Abhinav Diwan
- Division of Cardiology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, and John Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Simon Sedej
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Paris, France
| | - Mahmoud Abdellatif
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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2
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Ozcan M, Abdellatif M, Javaheri A, Sedej S. Risks and Benefits of Intermittent Fasting for the Aging Cardiovascular System. Can J Cardiol 2024:S0828-282X(24)00092-8. [PMID: 38354947 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Population aging and the associated increase in cardiovascular disease rates pose serious threats to global public health. Different forms of fasting have become an increasingly attractive strategy to directly address aging and potentially limit or delay the onset of cardiovascular diseases. A growing number of experimental studies and clinical trials indicate that the amount and timing of food intake as well as the daily time window during which food is consumed, are crucial determinants of cardiovascular health. Indeed, intermittent fasting counteracts the molecular hallmarks of cardiovascular aging and promotes different aspects of cardiometabolic health, including blood pressure and glycemic control, as well as body weight reduction. In this report, we summarize current evidence from randomized clinical trials of intermittent fasting on body weight and composition as well as cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors. Moreover, we critically discuss the preventive and therapeutic potential of intermittent fasting, but also possible detrimental effects in the context of cardiovascular aging and related disease. We delve into the physiological mechanisms through which intermittent fasting might improve cardiovascular health, and raise important factors to consider in the design of clinical trials on the efficacy of intermittent fasting to reduce major adverse cardiovascular events among aged individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease. We conclude that despite growing evidence and interest among the lay and scientific communities in the cardiovascular health-improving effects of intermittent fasting, further research efforts and appropriate caution are warranted before broadly implementing intermittent fasting regimens, especially in elderly persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mualla Ozcan
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Mahmoud Abdellatif
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ali Javaheri
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; John J. Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Simon Sedej
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
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3
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Ölmez TT, Moreno DF, Liu P, Johnson ZM, McGinnis MM, Tu BP, Hochstrasser M, Acar M. Sis2 regulates yeast replicative lifespan in a dose-dependent manner. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7719. [PMID: 38012152 PMCID: PMC10682402 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43233-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Application of microfluidic platforms facilitated high-precision measurements of yeast replicative lifespan (RLS); however, comparative quantification of lifespan across strain libraries has been missing. Here we microfluidically measure the RLS of 307 yeast strains, each deleted for a single gene. Despite previous reports of extended lifespan in these strains, we found that 56% of them did not actually live longer than the wild-type; while the remaining 44% showed extended lifespans, the degree of extension was often different from what was previously reported. Deletion of SIS2 gene led to the largest RLS increase observed. Sis2 regulated yeast lifespan in a dose-dependent manner, implying a role for the coenzyme A biosynthesis pathway in lifespan regulation. Introduction of the human PPCDC gene in the sis2Δ background neutralized the lifespan extension. RNA-seq experiments revealed transcriptional increases in cell-cycle machinery components in sis2Δ background. High-precision lifespan measurement will be essential to elucidate the gene network governing lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolga T Ölmez
- Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, 219 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, 850 West Campus Drive, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, İstanbul, 34450, Turkey
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Koc University Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, İstanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - David F Moreno
- Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, 219 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, 850 West Campus Drive, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, 67400, France
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, 219 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, 850 West Campus Drive, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Zane M Johnson
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, 266 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Madeline M McGinnis
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Benjamin P Tu
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Mark Hochstrasser
- Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, 219 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, 266 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Murat Acar
- Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, 219 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
- Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, 850 West Campus Drive, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Koc University Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, İstanbul, 34450, Turkey.
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4
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Abdellatif M, Rainer PP, Sedej S, Kroemer G. Hallmarks of cardiovascular ageing. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:754-777. [PMID: 37193857 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00881-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Normal circulatory function is a key determinant of disease-free life expectancy (healthspan). Indeed, pathologies affecting the cardiovascular system, which are growing in prevalence, are the leading cause of global morbidity, disability and mortality, whereas the maintenance of cardiovascular health is necessary to promote both organismal healthspan and lifespan. Therefore, cardiovascular ageing might precede or even underlie body-wide, age-related health deterioration. In this Review, we posit that eight molecular hallmarks are common denominators in cardiovascular ageing, namely disabled macroautophagy, loss of proteostasis, genomic instability (in particular, clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential), epigenetic alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell senescence, dysregulated neurohormonal signalling and inflammation. We also propose a hierarchical order that distinguishes primary (upstream) from antagonistic and integrative (downstream) hallmarks of cardiovascular ageing. Finally, we discuss how targeting each of the eight hallmarks might be therapeutically exploited to attenuate residual cardiovascular risk in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdellatif
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Peter P Rainer
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Simon Sedej
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.
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5
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Senekowitsch S, Wietkamp E, Grimm M, Schmelter F, Schick P, Kordowski A, Sina C, Otzen H, Weitschies W, Smollich M. High-Dose Spermidine Supplementation Does Not Increase Spermidine Levels in Blood Plasma and Saliva of Healthy Adults: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Pharmacokinetic and Metabolomic Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081852. [PMID: 37111071 PMCID: PMC10143675 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Spermidine is a biogenic polyamine that plays a crucial role in mammalian metabolism. As spermidine levels decline with age, spermidine supplementation is suggested to prevent or delay age-related diseases. However, valid pharmacokinetic data regarding spermidine remains lacking. Therefore, for the first time, the present study investigated the pharmacokinetics of oral spermidine supplementation. (2) Methods: This study was designed as a randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blinded, two-armed crossover trial with two 5-day intervention phases separated by a washout phase of 9 days. In 12 healthy volunteers, 15 mg/d of spermidine was administered orally, and blood and saliva samples were taken. Spermidine, spermine, and putrescine were quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The plasma metabolome was investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics. (3) Results: Compared with a placebo, spermidine supplementation significantly increased spermine levels in the plasma, but it did not affect spermidine or putrescine levels. No effect on salivary polyamine concentrations was observed. (4) Conclusions: This study's results suggest that dietary spermidine is presystemically converted into spermine, which then enters systemic circulation. Presumably, the in vitro and clinical effects of spermidine are at least in part attributable to its metabolite, spermine. It is rather unlikely that spermidine supplements with doses <15 mg/d exert any short-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Senekowitsch
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Eliza Wietkamp
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Grimm
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Franziska Schmelter
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philipp Schick
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anna Kordowski
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Sina
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hans Otzen
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Werner Weitschies
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Smollich
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
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6
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Wang W, Liu Y, Li Y, Luo B, Lin Z, Chen K, Liu Y. Dietary patterns and cardiometabolic health: Clinical evidence and mechanism. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e212. [PMID: 36776765 PMCID: PMC9899878 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For centuries, the search for nutritional interventions to underpin cardiovascular treatment and prevention guidelines has contributed to the rapid development of the field of dietary patterns and cardiometabolic disease (CMD). Numerous studies have demonstrated that healthy dietary patterns with emphasis on food-based recommendations are the gold standard for extending lifespan and reducing the risks of CMD and mortality. Healthy dietary patterns include various permutations of energy restriction, macronutrients, and food intake patterns such as calorie restriction, intermittent fasting, Mediterranean diet, plant-based diets, etc. Early implementation of healthy dietary patterns in patients with CMD is encouraged, but an understanding of the mechanisms by which these patterns trigger cardiometabolic benefits remains incomplete. Hence, this review examined several dietary patterns that may improve cardiometabolic health, including restrictive dietary patterns, regional dietary patterns, and diets based on controlled macronutrients and food groups, summarizing cutting-edge evidence and potential mechanisms for CMD prevention and treatment. Particularly, considering individual differences in responses to dietary composition and nutritional changes in organ tissue diversity, we highlighted the critical role of individual gut microbiota in the crosstalk between diet and CMD and recommend a more precise and dynamic nutritional strategy for CMD by developing dietary patterns based on individual gut microbiota profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wang
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Xiyuan Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Xiyuan Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yiwen Li
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Xiyuan Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Binyu Luo
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Xiyuan Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhixiu Lin
- Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - Keji Chen
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Xiyuan Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yue Liu
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Xiyuan Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing China
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7
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Forte M, Rodolico D, Ameri P, Catalucci D, Chimenti C, Crotti L, Schirone L, Pingitore A, Torella D, Iacovone G, Valenti V, Schiattarella GG, Perrino C, Sciarretta S. Molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise and dietary interventions in the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2022; 24:e3-e14. [PMID: 36729582 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000001397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases still represent a major cause of mortality worldwide. In addition to pharmacological approaches, lifestyle interventions can also be adopted for the prevention of these morbid conditions. Lifestyle changes include exercise and dietary restriction protocols, such as calorie restriction and intermittent fasting, which were shown to delay cardiovascular ageing and elicit health-promoting effects in preclinical models of cardiometabolic diseases. Beneficial effects are mediated by the restoration of multiple molecular mechanisms in heart and vessels that are compromised by metabolic stress. Exercise and dietary restriction rescue mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation. They also improve autophagy. The result of these effects is a marked improvement of vascular and heart function. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of exercise and dietary restriction in models of diabetes and obesity. We also discuss clinical studies and gap in animal-to-human translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Forte
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli
| | - Daniele Rodolico
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome
| | - Pietro Ameri
- Cardiovascular Disease Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genova
| | - Daniele Catalucci
- Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Rozzano.,National Research Council, Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research - UOS, Milan
| | - Cristina Chimenti
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
| | - Lia Crotti
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, San Luca Hospital.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Milano-Bicocca, Milan
| | - Leonardo Schirone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina
| | - Annachiara Pingitore
- Department of General and Specialistic Surgery 'Paride Stefanini' Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Daniele Torella
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro
| | | | | | - Gabriele G Schiattarella
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Cinzia Perrino
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina
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8
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Yadin D, Petrover Z, Shainberg A, Alcalai R, Waldman M, Seidman J, Seidman CE, Abraham NG, Hochhauser E, Arad M. Autophagy Guided Interventions to Modify the Cardiac Phenotype of Danon Disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 204:115229. [PMID: 36027926 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Danon disease is a lethal X-linked genetic syndrome resulting from radical mutations in the LAMP2 gene. LAMP2 protein deficiency results in defective lysosomal function, autophagy arrest and a multisystem disorder primarily involving the heart, skeletal muscle and the central nervous system. Cardiomyopathy is the main cause of morbidity and mortality. To investigate the mechanisms of and develop therapies for cardiac Danon disease we engineered a mouse model carrying an exon 6 deletion human mutation in LAMP2, which recapitulates the human cardiac disease phenotype. Mice develop cardiac hypertrophy followed by left ventricular dilatation and systolic dysfunction, in association with progressive fibrosis, oxidative stress, accumulation of autophagosomes and activation of proteasome. Stimulation of autophagy in Danon mice (by exercise training, caloric restriction, and rapamycin) aggravate the disease phenotype by promoting dilated cardiomyopathy. Inhibiting autophagy (by high fat diet or hydroxychloroquine) is better tolerated by Danon mice compared to wild type but is not curative. Inhibiting proteasome by Velcade was found to be highly toxic to Danon mice, suggesting that proteasome is activated to compensate for defective autophagy. In conclusion, activation of autophagy should be avoided in Danon patients. Since Danon's is a lifelong disease, we suggest that lifestyle interventions to decrease cardiac stress may be useful to slow progression of Danon's cardiomyopathy. While Danon mice better tolerate high fat diet and sedentary lifestyle, the benefit regarding cardiomyopathy in humans needs to be balanced against other health consequences of such interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dor Yadin
- Felsenstein Research Center and the Department of Cardiothoracic, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel; Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Zachary Petrover
- Felsenstein Research Center and the Department of Cardiothoracic, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel; Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - Ronny Alcalai
- Heart Institute, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. 5. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maayan Waldman
- Felsenstein Research Center and the Department of Cardiothoracic, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Jon Seidman
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christine E Seidman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Nader G Abraham
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Edith Hochhauser
- Felsenstein Research Center and the Department of Cardiothoracic, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Michael Arad
- Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
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9
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Vassalle C, Xiao J, Sabatino L. Editorial: Relationship Between Cardiovascular Disease and Other Chronic Conditions. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:875551. [PMID: 35548438 PMCID: PMC9082597 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.875551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Vassalle
- Fondazione National Council of Researches-Regione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
- *Correspondence: Cristina Vassalle
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Laura Sabatino
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Researches, Pisa, Italy
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10
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Cox FF, Misiou A, Vierkant A, Ale-Agha N, Grandoch M, Haendeler J, Altschmied J. Protective Effects of Curcumin in Cardiovascular Diseases—Impact on Oxidative Stress and Mitochondria. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030342. [PMID: 35159155 PMCID: PMC8833931 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) contribute to a large part of worldwide mortality. Similarly, two of the major risk factors for these diseases, aging and obesity, are also global problems. Aging, the gradual decline of body functions, is non-modifiable. Obesity, a modifiable risk factor for CVDs, also predisposes to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Moreover, it affects not only the vasculature and the heart but also specific fat depots, which themselves have a major impact on the development and progression of CVDs. Common denominators of aging, obesity, and T2DM include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic abnormalities such as altered lipid profiles and glucose metabolism, and inflammation. Several plant substances such as curcumin, the major active compound in turmeric root, have been used for a long time in traditional medicine and for the treatment of CVDs. Newer mechanistic, animal, and human studies provide evidence that curcumin has pleiotropic effects and attenuates numerous parameters which contribute to an increased risk for CVDs in aging as well as in obesity. Thus, curcumin as a nutraceutical could hold promise in the prevention of CVDs, but more standardized clinical trials are required to fully unravel its potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Frederike Cox
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (F.F.C.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (N.A.-A.)
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Angelina Misiou
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (F.F.C.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (N.A.-A.)
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Annika Vierkant
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (F.F.C.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (N.A.-A.)
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Niloofar Ale-Agha
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (F.F.C.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (N.A.-A.)
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Judith Haendeler
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (F.F.C.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (N.A.-A.)
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (J.A.); Tel.: +49-211-3389-291 (J.H. & J.A.); Fax: +49-211-3389-331 (J.H. & J.A.)
| | - Joachim Altschmied
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (F.F.C.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (N.A.-A.)
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (J.A.); Tel.: +49-211-3389-291 (J.H. & J.A.); Fax: +49-211-3389-331 (J.H. & J.A.)
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Loss of Skeletal Muscle Mass and Intracellular Water as Undesired Outcomes of Weight Reduction in Obese Hyperglycemic Women: A Short-Term Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19021001. [PMID: 35055821 PMCID: PMC8775667 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19021001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The current study is focused on the influence of hyperglycemia on weight loss in obese premenopausal women. Specifically, the study evaluated the impact of a six-month individualized low-calorie diet combined with moderate exercise on weight reduction and glucose metabolism in obese women with normoglycemia compared to obese women with moderate hyperglycemia. The results indicated that patients with normoglycemia achieved a successful weight loss, which was connected to a decrease in adipose tissue and reflected by diminished content of visceral fat area (VFA) and percent body fat. In contrast, weight reduction in patients with hyperglycemia was connected not only to the loss of VFA but also to undesired decrease in skeletal muscle mass as well as intracellular and total body water. These unfavorable outcomes were observed despite normalization of glucose metabolism reflected by statistically significant lowering glucose, fructosamine, advanced glycation end-products, and HOMA-IR levels. Overall, the obtained results indicate the importance of the measurement of the carbohydrate profile in obese women and the need for an early introduction of weight reduction strategies before the development of hyperglycemia.
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