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Zhu J, Guo J, Liu Z, Liu J, Yuan A, Chen H, Qiu J, Dou X, Lu D, Le Y. Salvianolic acid A attenuates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating the AMPK-IGFBP1 pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 400:111162. [PMID: 39047806 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects approximately a quarter of the population and, to date, there is no approved drug therapy for this condition. Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at a significantly elevated risk of developing NAFLD, underscoring the urgency of identifying effective NAFLD treatments for T2DM patients. Salvianolic acid A (SAA) is a naturally occurring phenolic acid that is an important component of the water-soluble constituents isolated from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. SAA has been demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant stress properties. Nevertheless, its potential in ameliorating diabetes-associated NAFLD has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, diabetic ApoE-/- mice were employed to establish a NAFLD model via a Western diet. Following this, they were treated with different doses of SAA (10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg) via gavage. The study demonstrated a marked improvement in liver injury, lipid accumulation, inflammation, and the pro-fibrotic phenotype after the administration of SAA. Additionally, RNA-seq analysis indicated that the primary pathway by which SAA alleviates diabetes-induced NAFLD involves the cascade pathways of lipid metabolism. Furthermore, SAA was found to be effective in the inhibition of lipid accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis. A functional enrichment analysis of RNA-seq data revealed that SAA treatment modulates the AMPK pathway and IGFBP-1. Further experimental results demonstrated that SAA is capable of inhibiting lipid accumulation through the activation of the AMPK pathway and IGFBP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Zhu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Hangzhou, 330106, China; Lipid Metabolism Institute (Molecular Medicine Institute), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Jianan Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Lipid Metabolism Institute (Molecular Medicine Institute), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Zhijun Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Lipid Metabolism Institute (Molecular Medicine Institute), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Lipid Metabolism Institute (Molecular Medicine Institute), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Aini Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Lipid Metabolism Institute (Molecular Medicine Institute), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Hang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Lipid Metabolism Institute (Molecular Medicine Institute), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Jiannan Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Lipid Metabolism Institute (Molecular Medicine Institute), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Xiaobing Dou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Lipid Metabolism Institute (Molecular Medicine Institute), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Dezhao Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Lipid Metabolism Institute (Molecular Medicine Institute), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Yifei Le
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Lipid Metabolism Institute (Molecular Medicine Institute), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Yu Q, Song L. Unveiling the role of ferroptosis in the progression from NAFLD to NASH: recent advances in mechanistic understanding. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1431652. [PMID: 39036052 PMCID: PMC11260176 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1431652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent and significant global public health issue. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents an advanced stage of NAFLD in terms of pathology. However, the intricate mechanisms underlying the progression from NAFLD to NASH remain elusive. Ferroptosis, characterized by iron-dependent cell death and distinguished from other forms of cell death based on morphological, biochemical, and genetic criteria, has emerged as a potential participant with a pivotal role in driving NAFLD progression. Nevertheless, its precise mechanism remains poorly elucidated. In this review article, we comprehensively summarize the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH and ferroptosis while highlighting recent advances in understanding the mechanistic involvement of ferroptosis in NAFLD/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- Laboratory Medical Department, Zigong Fourth People’s Hospital, Zigong, China
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Wang Y, Fleishman JS, Li T, Li Y, Ren Z, Chen J, Ding M. Pharmacological therapy of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease-driven hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1336216. [PMID: 38313077 PMCID: PMC10834746 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1336216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In light of a global rise in the number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), now known as metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), has become the leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with the annual occurrence of MASLD-driven HCC expected to increase by 45%-130% by 2030. Although MASLD has become a serious major public health threat globally, the exact molecular mechanisms mediating MASLD-driven HCC remain an open problem, necessitating future investigation. Meanwhile, emerging studies are focusing on the utility of bioactive compounds to halt the progression of MASLD to MASLD-driven HCC. In this review, we first briefly review the recent progress of the possible mechanisms of pathogenesis and progression for MASLD-driven HCC. We then discuss the application of bioactive compounds to mitigate MASLD-driven HCC through different modulatory mechanisms encompassing anti-inflammatory, lipid metabolic, and gut microbial pathways, providing valuable information for future treatment and prevention of MASLD-driven HCC. Nonetheless, clinical research exploring the effectiveness of herbal medicines in the treatment of MASLD-driven HCC is still warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Joshua S Fleishman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Tongda Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jichao Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingchao Ding
- Department of Peripheral Vascular Intervention, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
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Kholodenko IV, Kholodenko RV, Yarygin KN. The Crosstalk between Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells and Hepatocytes in Homeostasis and under Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15212. [PMID: 37894893 PMCID: PMC10607347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases, characterized by high morbidity and mortality, represent a substantial medical problem globally. The current therapeutic approaches are mainly aimed at reducing symptoms and slowing down the progression of the diseases. Organ transplantation remains the only effective treatment method in cases of severe liver pathology. In this regard, the development of new effective approaches aimed at stimulating liver regeneration, both by activation of the organ's own resources or by different therapeutic agents that trigger regeneration, does not cease to be relevant. To date, many systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been published confirming the effectiveness of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) transplantation in the treatment of liver diseases of various severities and etiologies. However, despite the successful use of MSCs in clinical practice and the promising therapeutic results in animal models of liver diseases, the mechanisms of their protective and regenerative action remain poorly understood. Specifically, data about the molecular agents produced by these cells and mediating their therapeutic action are fragmentary and often contradictory. Since MSCs or MSC-like cells are found in all tissues and organs, it is likely that many key intercellular interactions within the tissue niches are dependent on MSCs. In this context, it is essential to understand the mechanisms underlying communication between MSCs and differentiated parenchymal cells of each particular tissue. This is important both from the perspective of basic science and for the development of therapeutic approaches involving the modulation of the activity of resident MSCs. With regard to the liver, the research is concentrated on the intercommunication between MSCs and hepatocytes under normal conditions and during the development of the pathological process. The goals of this review were to identify the key factors mediating the crosstalk between MSCs and hepatocytes and determine the possible mechanisms of interaction of the two cell types under normal and stressful conditions. The analysis of the hepatocyte-MSC interaction showed that MSCs carry out chaperone-like functions, including the synthesis of the supportive extracellular matrix proteins; prevention of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis; support of regeneration; elimination of lipotoxicity and ER stress; promotion of antioxidant effects; and donation of mitochondria. The underlying mechanisms suggest very close interdependence, including even direct cytoplasm and organelle exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Kholodenko
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman V. Kholodenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Konstantin N. Yarygin
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia
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