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Sun B, Zhang L, Wu B, Luo X. A Morpholine Derivative N-(4-Morpholinomethylene)ethanesulfonamide Induces Ferroptosis in Tumor Cells by Targeting NRF2. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:417-426. [PMID: 38296488 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Small molecule drugs containing morpholine-based moieties have become crucial candidates in the tumor targeted therapy strategies, but the specific molecular mechanisms of these drugs causing tumor cell death require further investigation. The morpholine derivative N-(4-morpholinomethylene)ethanesulfonamide (MESA) was used to stimulate prostate and ovarian cancer cells and we focused on the ferroptosis effects, including the target molecule and signal pathways mediated by MESA. The results showed that MESA could induce ferroptosis to cause the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis effects of tumor cells according to the identification of ferroptosis inhibitor fer-1 and other cell death inhibitors. Further MESA could significantly increase the intracellular malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Fe2+ levels in tumor cells and mediate the dynamic changes of ferroptosis-relative molecules GPX4, nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (NRF2), ACSL4, SLC7A11 and P62-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1)-NRF2-antioxidant response element (ARE) signal pathways. Further, NRF2 overexpression could reduce the tumor cell death and ROS levels exposure to MESA. Most importantly, it was confirmed that MESA could bind to NRF2 protein through molecular docking and thermal stability assays and NRF2 was a target molecule of MESA for inducing ferroptosis effects in tumor cells. Collectively, our findings indicated the ferroptosis effects of the morpholine derivative MESA in prostate and ovarian cancer cells and its function mechanism including targeted molecule and signal pathways, which would be helpful for developing MESA as a prospective small molecule drug for cancer therapy based on cell ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Binhua Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Affiliated Hospital, the Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University
| | - Xiping Luo
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital
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2
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Zhang X, Barnett E, Smith J, Wilkinson E, Subramaniam RM, Zarrabi A, Rodger EJ, Chatterjee A. Genetic and epigenetic features of neuroendocrine prostate cancer and their emerging applications. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 383:41-66. [PMID: 38359970 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in men globally. De novo neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is uncommon at initial diagnosis, however, (treatment-induced) t-NEPC emerges in up to 25% of prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) cases treated with androgen deprivation, carrying a drastically poor prognosis. The transition from PRAD to t-NEPC is underpinned by several key genetic mutations; TP53, RB1, and MYCN are the main genes implicated, bearing similarities to other neuroendocrine tumours. A broad range of epigenetic alterations, such as aberrations in DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, and non-coding RNAs, may drive lineage plasticity from PRAD to t-NEPC. The clinical diagnosis of NEPC is hampered by a lack of accessible biomarkers; recent advances in liquid biopsy techniques assessing circulating tumour cells and ctDNA in NEPC suggest that the advent of non-invasive means of monitoring progression to NEPC is on the horizon. Such techniques are vital for NEPC management; diagnosis of t-NEPC is crucial for implementing effective treatment, and precision medicine will be integral to providing the best outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Edward Barnett
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jim Smith
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Te Whatu Ora/Health New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Emma Wilkinson
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rathan M Subramaniam
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, Midwifery and Health Sciences, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia; Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Amir Zarrabi
- Te Whatu Ora/Health New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand; Precision Urology, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Euan J Rodger
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Aniruddha Chatterjee
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Honorary Professor, School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES University, Dehradun, India.
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Wang Y, Ma Y, Jiang K. The role of ferroptosis in prostate cancer: a novel therapeutic strategy. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2023; 26:25-29. [PMID: 36056183 PMCID: PMC10023567 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-022-00583-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of prostate cancer is the second most among male cancers after lung cancer. Prostate cancer develops rapidly and is inclined to metastasize, and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) can be formed in the later stage, which brings great challenges to the prognosis and treatment. At present, the main treatment of prostate cancer is generally divided into four methods: surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and endocrine therapy. However, the efficacy of these methods fails to satisfy the demands of patient prognosis. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered iron-dependent process, characterized by lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis is associated with many diseases, especially tumor growth. In recent years, inhibiting tumor growth and overcoming tumor drug resistance by inducing ferroptosis has become a hot research topic. Previous studies have shown that induction of ferroptosis may be a new treatment for prostate cancer. We review the research progress of ferroptosis in prostate cancer in order to provide highly effective therapies for patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yifan Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Kui Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
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Wysock J, Thakker S, Rapoport E, Gogaj R, Lepor H. Two Year Functional Outcomes Stratified According to Baseline Erectile Function Following Partial Gland Cryo-Ablation. Urology 2023; 171:158-163. [PMID: 36272564 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To critically evaluate time dependent sexual function following primary partial gland cryo-ablation (PGCA) stratified according to baseline erectile function. METHODS Between March 2017 and March 2022, all men undergoing primary PGCA by 2 surgeons were enrolled in an IRB approved outcomes registry. All subjects with PIRADS 2-5 lesion concordant with unilateral GGG 1-3 disease, no gross extra-prostatic extension on mpMRI, GGG >1 contralateral to the ROI, or distal apical disease on mpMRI were enrolled. Patients completed the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) scale at baseline, 6, and 24 months. Men were stratified by baseline erectile function. Men with SHIM Score < 8 were excluded. Ability to sustain erection (aka "potency") was defined as a score of 3 or greater on question 2 of the SHIM index. Median SHIM scores and the proportion of men reporting "potency" at baseline, 6, and 24 months was recorded with comparisons between each timepoint. A univariate analysis was used to determine if clinical factors were associated with loss of "potency" at 24 months. RESULTS 106 men met the inclusion criteria. There was a statistically significant decrease in the mean SHIM scores for the entire cohort between baseline to 6 months and baseline to 24 months. SHIM scores increased significantly for the total cohort between 6 and 24 months. "Potency" was preserved in 70% at 24 months. CONCLUSION Those patients most likely to exhibit a decrease in sexual function have moderate ED at baseline. Only baseline ED was shown to predict preservation of "potency".
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Beinecke JM, Anders P, Schurrat T, Heider D, Luster M, Librizzi D, Hauschild AC. Evaluation of machine learning strategies for imaging confirmed prostate cancer recurrence prediction on electronic health records. Comput Biol Med 2022; 143:105263. [PMID: 35131608 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main screening parameter to monitor prostate cancer recurrence (PCR) after primary treatment is the serum concentration of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). In recent years, Ga-68-PSMA PET/CT has become an important method for additional diagnostics in patients with biochemical recurrence. PURPOSE While Ga-68-PSMA PET/CT performs better, it is an expensive, invasive, and time-consuming examination. Therefore, in this study, we aim to employ modern multivariate Machine Learning (ML) methods on electronic health records (EHR) of prostate cancer patients to improve the prediction of imaging confirmed PCR (IPCR). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical information of 272 patients, who were examined using Ga-68-PSMA PET/CT. The PSA values ranged from 0 ng/mL to 2270.38 ng/mL with a median PSA level at 1.79 ng/mL. We performed a descriptive analysis using Logistic Regression. Additionally, we evaluated the predictive performance of Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, Gradient Boosting, and Random Forest. Finally, we assessed the importance of all features using Ensemble Feature Selection (EFS). RESULTS The descriptive analysis found significant associations between IPCR and logarithmic PSA values as well as between IPCR and performed hormonal therapy. Our models were able to predict IPCR with an AUC score of 0.78 ± 0.13 (mean ± standard deviation) and a sensitivity of 0.997 ± 0.01. Features such as PSA, PSA doubling time, PSA velocity, hormonal therapy, radiation treatment, and injected activity show high importance for IPCR prediction using EFS. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the potential of employing a multitude of parameters into multivariate ML models to improve identification of non-recurring patients compared to the current focus on the main screening parameter (PSA). We showed that ML models are able to predict IPCR, detectable by Ga-68-PSMA PET/CT, and thereby pave the way for optimized early imaging and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Michelle Beinecke
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science at the Philipps University Marburg, Germany; Institute for Medical Informatics at the University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Patrick Anders
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Marburg, Germany
| | - Tino Schurrat
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Marburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Heider
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science at the Philipps University Marburg, Germany
| | - Markus Luster
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Marburg, Germany
| | - Damiano Librizzi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Marburg, Germany
| | - Anne-Christin Hauschild
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science at the Philipps University Marburg, Germany; Institute for Medical Informatics at the University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Armstrong CWD, Coulter JA, Ong CW, Maxwell PJ, Walker S, Butterworth KT, Lyubomska O, Berlingeri S, Gallagher R, O'Sullivan JM, Jain S, Mills IG, Prise KM, Bristow RG, LaBonte MJ, Waugh DJJ. Clinical and functional characterization of CXCR1/CXCR2 biology in the relapse and radiotherapy resistance of primary PTEN-deficient prostate carcinoma. NAR Cancer 2020; 2:zcaa012. [PMID: 32743555 PMCID: PMC7380483 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcaa012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional impairment of the tumour suppressor PTEN is common in primary prostate cancer and has been linked to relapse post-radiotherapy (post-RT). Pre-clinical modelling supports elevated CXC chemokine signalling as a critical mediator of PTEN-depleted disease progression and therapeutic resistance. We assessed the correlation of PTEN deficiency with CXC chemokine signalling and its association with clinical outcomes. Gene expression analysis characterized a PTEN LOW/CXCR1HIGH/CXCR2HIGH cluster of tumours that associates with earlier time to biochemical recurrence [hazard ratio (HR) 5.87 and 2.65, respectively] and development of systemic metastasis (HR 3.51). In vitro, CXCL signalling was further amplified following exposure of PTEN-deficient prostate cancer cell lines to ionizing radiation (IR). Inhibition of CXCR1/2 signalling in PTEN-depleted cell-based models increased IR sensitivity. In vivo, administration of a CXCR1/2-targeted pepducin (x1/2pal-i3), or CXCR2-specific antagonist (AZD5069), in combination with IR to PTEN-deficient xenografts attenuated tumour growth and progression compared to control or IR alone. Post-mortem analysis confirmed that x1/2pal-i3 administration attenuated IR-induced CXCL signalling and anti-apoptotic protein expression. Interventions targeting CXC chemokine signalling may provide an effective strategy to combine with RT in locally advanced prostate cancer patients with known presence of PTEN-deficient foci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris W D Armstrong
- Movember FASTMAN Centre of Excellence, Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | | | - Chee Wee Ong
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Science, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610
| | - Pamela J Maxwell
- Movember FASTMAN Centre of Excellence, Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Steven Walker
- Movember FASTMAN Centre of Excellence, Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Karl T Butterworth
- Movember FASTMAN Centre of Excellence, Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Oksana Lyubomska
- Movember FASTMAN Centre of Excellence, Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Silvia Berlingeri
- Movember FASTMAN Centre of Excellence, Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Rebecca Gallagher
- Movember FASTMAN Centre of Excellence, Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Joe M O'Sullivan
- Movember FASTMAN Centre of Excellence, Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Suneil Jain
- Movember FASTMAN Centre of Excellence, Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Ian G Mills
- Movember FASTMAN Centre of Excellence, Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Kevin M Prise
- Movember FASTMAN Centre of Excellence, Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Robert G Bristow
- Movember FASTMAN Centre of Excellence, Manchester CRUK Institute, Manchester, SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Melissa J LaBonte
- Movember FASTMAN Centre of Excellence, Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - David J J Waugh
- Movember FASTMAN Centre of Excellence, Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
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PSA and PSA Kinetics Thresholds for the Presence of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT-Detectable Lesions in Patients With Biochemical Recurrent Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020398. [PMID: 32046318 PMCID: PMC7072299 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
68Ga-PSMA-11 positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is commonly used for restaging recurrent prostate cancer (PC) in European clinical practice. The goal of this study is to determine the optimum time for performing these PET/CT scans in a large cohort of patients by identifying the prostate-specific-antigen (PSA) and PSA kinetics thresholds for detecting and localizing recurrent PC. This retrospective analysis includes 581 patients with biochemical recurrence (BC) by definition. The performance of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in relation to the PSA value at the scan time as well as PSA kinetics was assessed by the receiver-operating-characteristic-curve (ROC) generated by plotting sensitivity versus 1-specificity. Malignant prostatic lesions were identified in 77%. For patients that were treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) a PSA value of 1.24 ng/mL was found to be the optimal cutoff level for predicting positive and negative scans, while for patients previously treated with radiotherapy (RT) it was 5.75 ng/mL. In RP-patients with PSA value <1.24 ng/mL, 52% scans were positive, whereas patients with PSA ≥1.24 ng/mL had positive scan results in 87%. RT-patients with PSA <5.75 ng/mL had positive scans in 86% and for those with PSA ≥5.75 ng/mL 94% had positive scans. This study identifies the PSA and PSA kinetics threshold levels for the presence of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT-detectable PC-lesions in BC patients.
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Hoffmann MA, Buchholz HG, Wieler HJ, Höfner T, Müller-Hübenthal J, Trampert L, Schreckenberger M. The positivity rate of 68Gallium-PSMA-11 ligand PET/CT depends on the serum PSA-value in patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2019; 10:6124-6137. [PMID: 31693724 PMCID: PMC6817454 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of the present study is to analyze the efficacy of 68Gallium (Ga)-PSMA-11 PET/CT for detecting and localizing recurrent prostate carcinoma (PC) in patients with different prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA velocity (PSAvel) and doubling time (PSAdt).
Results: The PR of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT showed a positive relationship with PSA levels. Even at restaging PSA-values (PSAV) of lower than 0.2 ng/ml, PR was 41%. For PSAV of 0.2-<0.5 ng/ml the PR was 45%, 62% for PSAV of 0.5-<1.0 and 72% for PSAV of 1.0-<2.0 ng/ml. The PR increased to 85% for PSAV of 2.0-<5.0 and reached 94% at PSAV of ≥5.0 ng/ml. At PSA of <1 ng/ml/y the PR of PSAvel was 50% and increased to 98% at PSA >5 ng/ml/y. No significant association was found for PSAdt.
Methods: PET/CT scans of 660 patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) after primary therapy of PC were included in the analysis. We correlated serum PSA levels, measured at the time of imaging with PSMA PET/CT-positivity rates (PR) as well as PSAvel (in 225 patients) and PSAdt (660 patients). Additionally we compared the incidence of localized disease to metastases as related to these PSA-biomarkers.
Conclusion: We have shown, in a large cohort of patients, that 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT is a sensitive tool for restaging PC and has a high detection efficacy, even in patients with very low PSA levels (<0.2 ng/ml). Thus 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT both identify and localize recurrent disease with implications for a more direct treatment approach (localized vs. systemic therapy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela A Hoffmann
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Supervisory Center for Radiation Protection, Federal Ministry of Defense, Bonn 53123, Germany.,Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55101, Germany.,Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Bundeswehr Central Hospital, Koblenz 56072, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Buchholz
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55101, Germany
| | - Helmut J Wieler
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Bundeswehr Central Hospital, Koblenz 56072, Germany
| | - Thomas Höfner
- Clinic of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55101, Germany
| | | | - Ludwin Trampert
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Mutterhaus der Borromäerinnen, Trier 54290, Germany
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Sanmamed N, Glicksman RM, Helou J, Chung P, Berlin A. Case series illustrating the synergistic use of hydrogel spacer and MR-guidance to increase the radiotherapeutic index for localized prostate cancer. Tech Innov Patient Support Radiat Oncol 2019; 11:22-25. [PMID: 32095546 PMCID: PMC7033779 DOI: 10.1016/j.tipsro.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol hydrogel spacer allows radiotherapy in challenging scenarios. Polyethylene glycol hydrogel material properties may limit broader applicability. MRI-guided brachytherapy unique scenario to use PEG without compromising prostate resolution.
Background The risk of gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity may limit the use of curative-intent radical radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer (PCa) in circumstances where morbidity of treatment may exceed an acceptable threshold. Rectal spacers are used to expand the distance between the anterior rectal wall and the prostate, consequently sparing the rectum from the high-dose region. Case presentations We report three clinical scenarios of PCa patients treated at our institution, where risk of RT-associated rectal toxicity may be increased: inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), salvage brachytherapy (BT) after previous external beam RT (EBRT), and tailored dose-escalation with focal BT to the gross tumor volume followed by stereotactic body RT. Prior to RT, a polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel spacer was successfully placed in all cases. Treatment comprised magnetic resonance (MR) guided high dose-rate BT ± EBRT. All patients completed treatment uneventfully, without any significant GI toxicity at last follow-up. Conclusions These cases illustrate the utility of PEG hydrogel spacer, where concerns of radiation induced toxicity may have previously limited the application of radiotherapy. The synergistic use of these novel devices together with MR-guided BT may expand the indications and therapeutic index of curative-intent RT-based treatments, while minimizing the risks of GI toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Sanmamed
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Canada.,Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Canada
| | | | - Joelle Helou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Canada.,Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Canada
| | - Peter Chung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Canada.,Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Canada
| | - Alejandro Berlin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Canada.,Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Canada.,Techna Institute, University Health Network, Canada
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10
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The role of (68Ga)PSMA I&T in biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy: detection rate and the correlation between the level of PSA, Gleason score, and the SUVmax. Ann Nucl Med 2019; 33:545-553. [DOI: 10.1007/s12149-019-01360-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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11
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Yang Y, Sun P, Xu W, Xia W. High BIRC7 Expression Might Be an Independent Prognostic Indicator of Poor Recurrence-Free Survival in Patients With Prostate Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019; 17:1533033818809694. [PMID: 30376767 PMCID: PMC6210628 DOI: 10.1177/1533033818809694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: BIRC7, which encodes Baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) repeat-containing protein 7, is an oncogene in multiple types of cancer. In this study, we examined the association between BIRC7 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer, the independent prognostic value of BIRC7 in terms of recurrence-free survival, and the molecular mechanisms of its dysregulation. Methods: Data mining was performed using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The patients were divided into high and low BIRC7 expression groups according to the Youden index determined by receiver operating characteristic curves for recurrence. Subgroup analysis was performed according to T stages and Gleason score. Results: BIRC7 was significantly upregulated in prostate cancer tissues (N = 497) than in normal prostate tissues (N = 52). High BIRC7 expression group had lower ratios of overall response rate and medium-grade (Gleason score 6-7) tumors and higher proportions of nodal invasion and recurrence after surgery. Although Kaplan-Meier curves showed that high BIRC7 expression was generally associated with poor recurrence-free survival, the following subgroup analysis only confirmed the association in T3/T4 and medium-grade tumors. Multivariate analysis showed that BIRC7 expression was not an independent indicator of recurrence-free survival in T2 or high-grade tumors, but was independently associated with poor recurrence-free survival in T3/T4 tumors (hazard ratio: 4.249, 95% confidence interval: 1.563-11.546, P = .005) and in medium-grade tumors (hazard ratio: 6.041, 95% confidence interval: 1.763-20.703, P = .004). DNA amplification was associated with significantly upregulated BIRC7 expression. There was also a weak negative correlation between BIRC7 expression and its DNA methylation (Pearson r = −0.23). Conclusion: Based on these findings, we infer that BIRC7 upregulation might serve as a valuable biomarker of increased recurrence risk in advanced T stages and medium-grade prostate cancer. Its expression is at least regulated by both copy number alteration and DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- 1 Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Sun
- 2 Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Xu
- 2 Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Xia
- 1 Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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12
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Lee DK, Figg WD. A new predictive tool for postoperative radiotherapy in prostate cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2017; 18:277-278. [PMID: 28418285 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2017.1310347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The standard treatments of localized prostate cancer include surgical resection and/or radiotherapy. Recently in 2016, Zhao et al. described a tool to predict which patients will most likely gain from postoperative radiotherapy. Such a method can personalize treatment plan by maximizing benefit but minimizing harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K Lee
- a Center for Cancer Research , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - William D Figg
- a Center for Cancer Research , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA
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Miller MP, Kostakoglu L, Pryma D, Yu JQ, Chau A, Perlman E, Clarke B, Rosen D, Ward P. Reader Training for the Restaging of Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer Using 18F-Fluciclovine PET/CT. J Nucl Med 2017; 58:1596-1602. [PMID: 28385791 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.188375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
18F-Fluciclovine is a novel PET/CT tracer. This blinded image evaluation (BIE) sought to demonstrate that, after limited training, readers naïve to 18F-fluciclovine could interpret 18F-fluciclovine images from subjects with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer with acceptable diagnostic performance and reproducibility. The primary objectives were to establish individual readers' diagnostic performance and the overall interpretation (2/3 reader concordance) compared with standard-of-truth data (histopathology or clinical follow-up) and to evaluate interreader reproducibility. Secondary objectives included comparison to the expert reader and assessment of intrareader reproducibility. Methods:18F-Fluciclovine PET/CT images (n = 121) and corresponding standard-of-truth data were collected from 110 subjects at Emory University using a single-time-point static acquisition starting 5 min after injection of approximately 370 MBq of 18F-fluciclovine. Three readers were trained using standardized interpretation methodology and subsequently evaluated the images in a blinded manner. Analyses were conducted at the lesion, region (prostate, including bed and seminal vesicle, or extraprostatic, including all lymph nodes, bone, or soft-tissue metastasis), and subject level. Results: Lesion-level overall positive predictive value was 70.5%. The readers' positive predictive value and negative predictive value were broadly consistent with each other and with the onsite read. Sensitivity was highest for readers 1 and 2 (68.5% and 63.9%, respectively) whereas specificity was highest for reader 3 (83.6%). Overall, prostate-level sensitivity was high (91.4%), but specificity was moderate (48.7%). Interreader agreement was 94.7%, 74.4%, and 70.3% for the lesion, prostate, and extraprostatic levels, respectively, with associated Fleiss' κ-values of 0.54, 0.50, and 0.57. Intrareader agreement was 97.8%, 96.9%, and 99.1% at the lesion level; 100%, 100%, and 91.7% in the prostate region; and 83.3%, 75.0%, and 83.3% in the extraprostatic region for readers 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Concordance between the BIE and the onsite reader exceeded 75% for each reader at the lesion, region, and subject levels. Conclusion: Specific training in the use of standardized interpretation methodology for assessment of 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT images enables naïve readers to achieve acceptable diagnostic performance and reproducibility when staging recurrent prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lale Kostakoglu
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Daniel Pryma
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jian Qin Yu
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Albert Chau
- Blue Earth Diagnostics (BED), Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Perlman
- American College of Radiology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Bonnie Clarke
- Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Clinical Trials Network, Reston, Virginia
| | - Donald Rosen
- American College of Radiology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Penelope Ward
- Blue Earth Diagnostics (BED), Oxford, United Kingdom
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14
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Armstrong CWD, Maxwell PJ, Ong CW, Redmond KM, McCann C, Neisen J, Ward GA, Chessari G, Johnson C, Crawford NT, LaBonte MJ, Prise KM, Robson T, Salto-Tellez M, Longley DB, Waugh DJJ. PTEN deficiency promotes macrophage infiltration and hypersensitivity of prostate cancer to IAP antagonist/radiation combination therapy. Oncotarget 2016; 7:7885-98. [PMID: 26799286 PMCID: PMC4884961 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PTEN loss is prognostic for patient relapse post-radiotherapy in prostate cancer (CaP). Infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is associated with reduced disease-free survival following radical prostatectomy. However, the association between PTEN loss, TAM infiltration and radiotherapy response of CaP cells remains to be evaluated. Immunohistochemical and molecular analysis of surgically-resected Gleason 7 tumors confirmed that PTEN loss correlated with increased CXCL8 expression and macrophage infiltration. However PTEN status had no discernable correlation with expression of other inflammatory markers by CaP cells, including TNF-α. In vitro, exposure to conditioned media harvested from irradiated PTEN null CaP cells induced chemotaxis of macrophage-like THP-1 cells, a response partially attenuated by CXCL8 inhibition. Co-culture with THP-1 cells resulted in a modest reduction in the radio-sensitivity of DU145 cells. Cytokine profiling revealed constitutive secretion of TNF-α from CaP cells irrespective of PTEN status and IR-induced TNF-α secretion from THP-1 cells. THP-1-derived TNF-α increased NFκB pro-survival activity and elevated expression of anti-apoptotic proteins including cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein-1 (cIAP-1) in CaP cells, which could be attenuated by pre-treatment with a TNF-α neutralizing antibody. Treatment with a novel IAP antagonist, AT-IAP, decreased basal and TNF-α-induced cIAP-1 expression in CaP cells, switched TNF-α signaling from pro-survival to pro-apoptotic and increased radiation sensitivity of CaP cells in co-culture with THP-1 cells. We conclude that targeting cIAP-1 can overcome apoptosis resistance of CaP cells and is an ideal approach to exploit high TNF-α signals within the TAM-rich microenvironment of PTEN-deficient CaP cells to enhance response to radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris W D Armstrong
- Movember Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Pamela J Maxwell
- Movember Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Chee Wee Ong
- Movember Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Kelly M Redmond
- Movember Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Christopher McCann
- Movember Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Jessica Neisen
- Movember Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | | | | | | | - Nyree T Crawford
- Movember Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Melissa J LaBonte
- Movember Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Kevin M Prise
- Movember Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Tracy Robson
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Manuel Salto-Tellez
- Movember Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Daniel B Longley
- Movember Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - David J J Waugh
- Movember Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
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15
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Bach-Gansmo T, Nanni C, Nieh PT, Zanoni L, Bogsrud TV, Sletten H, Korsan KA, Kieboom J, Tade FI, Odewole O, Chau A, Ward P, Goodman MM, Fanti S, Schuster DM, Willoch F. Multisite Experience of the Safety, Detection Rate and Diagnostic Performance of Fluciclovine ( 18F) Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography Imaging in the Staging of Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer. J Urol 2016; 197:676-683. [PMID: 27746282 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.09.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sensitive detection of cancer foci in men experiencing biochemical recurrence following initial treatment of prostate cancer is of great clinical significance with a possible impact on subsequent treatment choice. We describe a multisite experience of the efficacy and safety of the positron emission tomography/computerized tomography agent fluciclovine (18F) after biochemical recurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 596 patients underwent fluciclovine (18F) positron emission tomography/computerized tomography at 4 clinical sites. Detection rate determinations were stratified by the baseline prostate specific antigen value. Diagnostic performance was assessed against a histological reference standard in 143 scans. RESULTS The subject level fluciclovine (18F) positron emission tomography/computer tomography detection rate was 67.7% (403 of 595 scans). Positive findings were detected in the prostate/bed and pelvic lymph node regions in 38.7% (232 of 599) and 32.6% of scans (194 of 596), respectively. Metastatic involvement outside the pelvis was detected in 26.2% of scans (155 of 591). The subject level detection rate in patients in the lowest quartile for baseline prostate specific antigen (0.79 ng/ml or less) was 41.4% (53 of 128). Of these patients 13 had involvement in the prostate/bed only, 16 had pelvic lymph node involvement without distant disease and 24 had distant metastases. The positive predictive value of fluciclovine (18F) positron emission tomography/computerized tomography scanning for all sampled lesions was 62.2%, and it was 92.3% and 71.8% for extraprostatic and prostate/bed involvement, respectively. Fluciclovine (18F) was well tolerated and the safety profile was not altered following repeat administration. CONCLUSIONS Fluciclovine (18F) is well tolerated and able to detect local and distant prostate cancer recurrence across a wide range of prostate specific antigen values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tore Bach-Gansmo
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Cristina Nanni
- Nuclear Medicine, Azienda ospedaliero-universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Peter T Nieh
- Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lucia Zanoni
- Nuclear Medicine, Azienda ospedaliero-universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tronde Velde Bogsrud
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Sletten
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - J Kieboom
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Aleris Healthcare, Oslo, Norway
| | - Funmilayo I Tade
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Oluwaseun Odewole
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Albert Chau
- Blue Earth Diagnostics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mark M Goodman
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Stefano Fanti
- Nuclear Medicine, Azienda ospedaliero-universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - David M Schuster
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Frode Willoch
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Aleris Healthcare, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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16
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Salvage Radiation Therapy Improves Metastasis-free Survival for Clinically Aggressive and Indolent Prostate Cancer Recurrences After Radical Prostatectomy. Am J Clin Oncol 2015; 38:367-72. [DOI: 10.1097/coc.0b013e31829e17db] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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López Torrecilla J, Hervás A, Zapatero A, Gómez Caamaño A, Macías V, Herruzo I, Maldonado X, Gómez Iturriaga A, Casas F, González San Segundo C. Uroncor consensus statement: Management of biochemical recurrence after radical radiotherapy for prostate cancer: From biochemical failure to castration resistance. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2015; 20:259-72. [PMID: 26109913 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of patients who experience biochemical failure after radical radiotherapy with or without hormonal therapy is highly challenging. The clinician must not only choose the type of treatment, but also the timing and optimal sequence of treatment administration. When biochemical failure occurs, numerous treatment scenarios are possible, thus making it more difficult to select the optimal approach. Moreover, rapid and ongoing advances in treatment options require that physicians make decisions that could impact both survival and quality of life. The aim of the present consensus statement, developed by the Urological Tumour Working Group (URONCOR) of the Spanish Society of Radiation Oncology (SEOR), is to provide cancer specialists with the latest, evidence-based information needed to make the best decisions for the patient under all possible treatment scenarios. The structure of this consensus statement follows the typical development of disease progression after biochemical failure, with the most appropriate treatment recommendations given for each stage. The consensus statement is organized into three separate chapters, as follows: biochemical failure with or without local recurrence and/or metastasis; progression after salvage therapy; and treatment of castration-resistant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- José López Torrecilla
- Servicio Oncología Radioterápica-ERESA, Hospital General Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - Asunción Hervás
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Zapatero
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Gómez Caamaño
- Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Victor Macías
- Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ismael Herruzo
- Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain
| | - Xavier Maldonado
- Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfonso Gómez Iturriaga
- Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Francesc Casas
- Servicio Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Gacci M, Cai T, Siena G, Minervini A, Torshizi MF, Bartolini M, Giannì G, Saieva C, Ceroti M, Detti B, Livi L, Pupi A, Carini M. Prostate-specific antigen kinetics parameters are predictive of positron emission tomography features worsening in patients with biochemical relapse after prostate cancer treatment with radical intent: Results from a longitudinal cohort study. Scand J Urol 2013; 48:259-67. [PMID: 24255954 DOI: 10.3109/21681805.2013.846936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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19
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Morales P, Vara D, Goméz-Cañas M, Zúñiga MC, Olea-Azar C, Goya P, Fernández-Ruiz J, Díaz-Laviada I, Jagerovic N. Synthetic cannabinoid quinones: preparation, in vitro antiproliferative effects and in vivo prostate antitumor activity. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 70:111-9. [PMID: 24141201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Chromenopyrazolediones have been designed and synthesized as anticancer agents using the multi-biological target concept that involves quinone cytotoxicity and cannabinoid antitumor properties. In cell cytotoxicity assays, these chromenopyrazolediones have antiproliferative activity against human prostate cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. It has been shown that the most potent, derivative 4 (PM49), inhibits prostate LNCaP cell viability (IC₅₀ = 15 μM) through a mechanism involving oxidative stress, PPARγ receptor and partially CB₁ receptor. It acts on prostate cell growth by causing G₀/G₁ phase arrest and triggering apoptosis as assessed by flow cytometry measurements. In the in vivo treatment, compound 4 at 2 mg/kg, blocks the growth of LNCaP tumors and reduces the growth of PC-3 tumors generated in mice. These studies suggest that 4 is a good potential anticancer agent against hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Morales
- Instituto de Química Médica, CSIC, Calle Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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20
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Abstract
Grayscale transrectal ultrasonographic prostate biopsy using local anesthesia remains the standard approach to the definitive diagnosis of prostate cancer. Careful patient evaluation and preparation are essential to maximize the results and minimize the complications of the biopsy procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed T Ismail
- Department of Urology, VA Medical Center, 1601 Kirkwood Highway, Wilmington, DE 19805, USA; Department of Urology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, 1102, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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21
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Human chorionic gonadotropin β induces migration and invasion via activating ERK1/2 and MMP-2 in human prostate cancer DU145 cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54592. [PMID: 23424616 PMCID: PMC3570544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that human chorionic gonadotropin β (hCGβ) induced migration and invasion in human prostate cancer cells. However, the involved molecular mechanisms are unclear. Here, we established a stable prostate cancer cell line overexpressing hCGβ and tested hCGβ-triggered signaling pathways causing cell migration and invasion. ELISA showed that the hCGβ amount secreted into medium increased with culture time after the hCGβ-transfected cells were incubated for 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 h. More, hCGβ standards promoted MAPK (ERK1/2) phosphorylation and increased MMP-2 expression and activity in both dose- and time-dependent manners in hCGβ non-transfected cells. In addition, hCGβ promoted ERK1/2 phosphorylation and increased MMP-2 expression and activity significantly in hCGβ transfected DU145 cells. Whereas ERK1/2 blocker PD98059 (25 µM) significantly downregulated phosphorylated ERK1/2 and MMP-2. Particularly, hCGβ promoted cell migration and invasion, yet the PD98059 diminished the hCGβ-induced cell motility under those conditions. These results indicated that hCGβ induced cell motility via promoting ERK1/2 phosphorylation and MMP-2 upregulation in human prostate cancer DU145 cells.
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22
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Shilkrut M, Feng F, Hamstra DA. General commentary to the "management of biochemical recurrence after primary localized therapy for prostate cancer" by darwish o. M. And raj g. V. Front Oncol 2012; 2:126. [PMID: 23061043 PMCID: PMC3459002 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2012.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Shilkrut
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Health System Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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