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Kaushik A, Parashar S, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Ubiquitin E3 ligases assisted technologies in protein degradation: Sharing pathways in neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102279. [PMID: 38521359 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
E3 ligases, essential components of the ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated protein degradation system, play a critical role in cellular regulation. By covalently attaching ubiquitin (Ub) molecules to target proteins, these ligases mark them for degradation, influencing various bioprocesses. With over 600 E3 ligases identified, there is a growing realization of their potential as therapeutic candidates for addressing proteinopathies in cancer and neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Recent research has highlighted the need to delve deeper into the intricate roles of E3 ligases as nexus points in the pathogenesis of both cancer and NDDs. Their dysregulation is emerging as a common thread linking these seemingly disparate diseases, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of their molecular intricacies. Herein, we have discussed (i) the fundamental mechanisms through which different types of E3 ligases actively participate in selective protein degradation in cancer and NDDs, followed by an examination of common E3 ligases playing pivotal roles in both situations, emphasising common players. Moving to, (ii) the functional domains and motifs of E3 ligases involved in ubiquitination, we have explored their interactions with specific substrates in NDDs and cancer. Additionally, (iii) we have explored techniques like PROTAC, molecular glues, and other state-of-the-art methods for hijacking neurotoxic and oncoproteins. Lastly, (iv) we have provided insights into ongoing clinical trials, offering a glimpse into the evolving landscape of E3-based therapeutics for cancer and NDDs. Unravelling the intricate network of E3 ligase-mediated regulation holds the key to unlocking targeted therapies that address the specific molecular signatures of individual patients, heralding a new era in personalized medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aastha Kaushik
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi 110042, India
| | - Somya Parashar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi 110042, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, SRM University-Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi 110042, India.
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2
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Lakkaniga NR, Wang Z, Xiao Y, Kharbanda A, Lan L, Li HY. Revisiting Aurora Kinase B: A promising therapeutic target for cancer therapy. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:686-706. [PMID: 37983866 DOI: 10.1002/med.21994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer continues to be a major health concern globally, although the advent of targeted therapy has revolutionized treatment options. Aurora Kinase B is a serine-threonine kinase that has been explored as an oncology therapeutic target for more than two decades. Aurora Kinase B inhibitors show promising biological results in in-vitro and in-vivo experiments. However, there are no inhibitors approved yet for clinical use, primarily because of the side effects associated with Aurora B inhibitors. Several studies demonstrate that Aurora B inhibitors show excellent synergy with various chemotherapeutic agents, radiation therapy, and targeted therapies. This makes it an excellent choice as an adjuvant therapy to first-line therapies, which greatly improves the therapeutic window and side effect profile. Recent studies indicate the role of Aurora B in some deadly cancers with limited therapeutic options, like triple-negative breast cancer and glioblastoma. Herein, we review the latest developments in Aurora Kinase B targeted research, with emphasis on its potential as an adjuvant therapy and its role in some of the most difficult-to-treat cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naga Rajiv Lakkaniga
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India
| | - Zhengyu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Yao Xiao
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anupreet Kharbanda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Li Lan
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hong-Yu Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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3
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Cacioppo R, Akman HB, Tuncer T, Erson-Bensan AE, Lindon C. Differential translation of mRNA isoforms underlies oncogenic activation of cell cycle kinase Aurora A. eLife 2023; 12:RP87253. [PMID: 37384380 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aurora Kinase A (AURKA) is an oncogenic kinase with major roles in mitosis, but also exerts cell cycle- and kinase-independent functions linked to cancer. Therefore, control of its expression, as well as its activity, is crucial. A short and a long 3'UTR isoform exist for AURKA mRNA, resulting from alternative polyadenylation (APA). We initially observed that in triple-negative breast cancer, where AURKA is typically overexpressed, the short isoform is predominant and this correlates with faster relapse times of patients. The short isoform is characterized by higher translational efficiency since translation and decay rate of the long isoform are targeted by hsa-let-7a tumor-suppressor miRNA. Additionally, hsa-let-7a regulates the cell cycle periodicity of translation of the long isoform, whereas the short isoform is translated highly and constantly throughout interphase. Finally, disrupted production of the long isoform led to an increase in proliferation and migration rates of cells. In summary, we uncovered a new mechanism dependent on the cooperation between APA and miRNA targeting likely to be a route of oncogenic activation of human AURKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Cacioppo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hesna Begum Akman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Biological Sciences, Orta Dogu Teknik Universitesi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Taner Tuncer
- Department of Biology, Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi, Samsun, Turkey
| | | | - Catherine Lindon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Chen YH, Chen HH, Wang WJ, Chen HY, Huang WS, Kao CH, Lee SR, Yeat NY, Yan RL, Chan SJ, Wu KP, Chen RH. TRABID inhibition activates cGAS/STING-mediated anti-tumor immunity through mitosis and autophagy dysregulation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3050. [PMID: 37237031 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38784-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of tumor-intrinsic innate immunity has been a major strategy for improving immunotherapy. Previously, we reported an autophagy-promoting function of the deubiquitinating enzyme TRABID. Here, we identify a critical role of TRABID in suppressing anti-tumor immunity. Mechanistically, TRABID is upregulated in mitosis and governs mitotic cell division by removing K29-linked polyubiquitin chain from Aurora B and Survivin, thereby stabilizing the entire chromosomal passenger complex. TRABID inhibition causes micronuclei through a combinatory defect in mitosis and autophagy and protects cGAS from autophagic degradation, thereby activating the cGAS/STING innate immunity pathway. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of TRABID promotes anti-tumor immune surveillance and sensitizes tumors to anti-PD-1 therapy in preclinical cancer models in male mice. Clinically, TRABID expression in most solid cancer types correlates inversely with an interferon signature and infiltration of anti-tumor immune cells. Our study identifies a suppressive role of tumor-intrinsic TRABID in anti-tumor immunity and highlights TRABID as a promising target for sensitizing solid tumors to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Han-Hsiun Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Won-Jing Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Syun Huang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Han Kao
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Sin-Rong Lee
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Nai Yang Yeat
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Liang Yan
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jou Chan
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Phon Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Hwa Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
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Asteriti IA, Polverino F, Stagni V, Sterbini V, Ascanelli C, Naso FD, Mastrangelo A, Rosa A, Paiardini A, Lindon C, Guarguaglini G. AurkA nuclear localization is promoted by TPX2 and counteracted by protein degradation. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201726. [PMID: 36797043 PMCID: PMC9936162 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The AurkA kinase is a well-known mitotic regulator, frequently overexpressed in tumors. The microtubule-binding protein TPX2 controls AurkA activity, localization, and stability in mitosis. Non-mitotic roles of AurkA are emerging, and increased nuclear localization in interphase has been correlated with AurkA oncogenic potential. Still, the mechanisms leading to AurkA nuclear accumulation are poorly explored. Here, we investigated these mechanisms under physiological or overexpression conditions. We observed that AurkA nuclear localization is influenced by the cell cycle phase and nuclear export, but not by its kinase activity. Importantly, AURKA overexpression is not sufficient to determine its accumulation in interphase nuclei, which is instead obtained when AURKA and TPX2 are co-overexpressed or, to a higher extent, when proteasome activity is impaired. Expression analyses show that AURKA, TPX2, and the import regulator CSE1L are co-overexpressed in tumors. Finally, using MCF10A mammospheres we show that TPX2 co-overexpression drives protumorigenic processes downstream of nuclear AurkA. We propose that AURKA/TPX2 co-overexpression in cancer represents a key determinant of AurkA nuclear oncogenic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Italia Anna Asteriti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, c/o Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Polverino
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, c/o Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Venturina Stagni
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, c/o Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Signal Transduction Unit, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Sterbini
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, c/o Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Davide Naso
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, c/o Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Mastrangelo
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, c/o Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rosa
- Center for Life Nano- < Neuro-Science, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "C. Darwin," Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Catherine Lindon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Giulia Guarguaglini
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, c/o Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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6
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Zinovkin RA, Lyamzaev KG, Chernyak BV. Current perspectives of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants in cancer prevention and treatment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1048177. [PMID: 37009472 PMCID: PMC10060896 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1048177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress nearly always accompanies all stages of cancer development. At the early stages, antioxidants may help to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and exhibit anticarcinogenic effects. In the later stages, ROS involvement becomes more complex. On the one hand, ROS are necessary for cancer progression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. On the other hand, antioxidants may promote cancer cell survival and may increase metastatic frequency. The role of mitochondrial ROS in cancer development remains largely unknown. This paper reviews experimental data on the effects of both endogenous and exogenous antioxidants on cancerogenesis focusing on the development and application of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants. We also discuss the prospects for antioxidant cancer therapy, focusing on the use of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman A. Zinovkin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- The “Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin G. Lyamzaev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- The “Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris V. Chernyak
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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7
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Fatma H, Siddique HR. AURORA KINASE A and related downstream molecules: A potential network for cancer therapy. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 134:115-145. [PMID: 36858732 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Aurora-A kinase (AURKA) belongs to the serine/threonine kinase family specific to cell division. In normal cells, activation of the AURKA protein is essential for regulating chromosomal segregation and centrosome maturation. The physiological concentration of AURKA accumulation has utmost importance during cell division. AURKA starts accumulating during the S phase of the cell cycle, gets functionally activated during the G2/M phase, attaches to the microtubule, and gets degraded during mitotic exit. Overexpression of AURKA could lead to deregulated cell cycle division, which is intrinsic to numerous cancers. Moreover, dysregulated AURKA affects various downstream molecules that aid in cancer pathogenesis. AURKA phosphorylates its substrates, including oncoproteins, transcriptional factors, tumor suppressor proteins, or other kinases central to various oncogenic signaling pathways critical to cancer. Considering the central role of AURKA in cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, targeting AURKA can be a novel alternative to cancer management. Several AURKA inhibitors have shown promising responses against different cancers either as a single agent or combined with various therapies. This chapter briefly discusses the role of AURKA and its downstream molecules in cancer vis-à-vis the role of AURKA inhibitor in chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Fatma
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Laboratory, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hifzur R Siddique
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Laboratory, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Abdelbaki A, Ascanelli C, Okoye CN, Akman HB, Janson G, Min M, Marcozzi C, Hagting A, Grant R, De Luca M, Asteriti IA, Guarguaglini G, Paiardini A, Lindon C. Revisiting degron motifs in human AURKA required for its targeting by APC/C FZR1. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:6/2/e202201372. [PMID: 36450448 PMCID: PMC9713472 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitotic kinase Aurora A (AURKA) diverges from other kinases in its multiple active conformations that may explain its interphase roles and the limited efficacy of drugs targeting the kinase pocket. Regulation of AURKA activity by the cell is critically dependent on destruction mediated by the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/CFZR1) during mitotic exit and G1 phase and requires an atypical N-terminal degron in AURKA called the "A-box" in addition to a reported canonical D-box degron in the C-terminus. Here, we find that the reported C-terminal D-box of AURKA does not act as a degron and instead mediates essential structural features of the protein. In living cells, the N-terminal intrinsically disordered region of AURKA containing the A-box is sufficient to confer FZR1-dependent mitotic degradation. Both in silico and in cellulo assays predict the QRVL short linear interacting motif of the A-box to be a phospho-regulated D-box. We propose that degradation of full-length AURKA also depends on an intact C-terminal domain because of critical conformational parameters permissive for both activity and mitotic degradation of AURKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdelbaki
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Cynthia N Okoye
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - H Begum Akman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Giacomo Janson
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mingwei Min
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Chiara Marcozzi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anja Hagting
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rhys Grant
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria De Luca
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Italia Anna Asteriti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, c/o Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Guarguaglini
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, c/o Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Catherine Lindon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Cacioppo R, Lindon C. Regulating the regulator: a survey of mechanisms from transcription to translation controlling expression of mammalian cell cycle kinase Aurora A. Open Biol 2022; 12:220134. [PMID: 36067794 PMCID: PMC9448500 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora Kinase A (AURKA) is a positive regulator of mitosis with a strict cell cycle-dependent expression pattern. Recently, novel oncogenic roles of AURKA have been uncovered that are independent of the kinase activity and act within multiple signalling pathways, including cell proliferation, survival and cancer stem cell phenotypes. For this, cellular abundance of AURKA protein is per se crucial and must be tightly fine-tuned. Indeed, AURKA is found overexpressed in different cancers, typically as a result of gene amplification or enhanced transcription. It has however become clear that impaired processing, decay and translation of AURKA mRNA can also offer the basis for altered AURKA levels. Accordingly, the involvement of gene expression mechanisms controlling AURKA expression in human diseases is increasingly recognized and calls for much more research. Here, we explore and create an integrated view of the molecular processes regulating AURKA expression at the level of transcription, post-transcription and translation, intercalating discussion on how impaired regulation underlies disease. Given that targeting AURKA levels might affect more functions compared to inhibiting the kinase activity, deeper understanding of its gene expression may aid the design of alternative and therapeutically more successful ways of suppressing the AURKA oncogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Cacioppo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Catherine Lindon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
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FBXL7 Body Hypomethylation Is Frequent in Tumors from the Digestive and Respiratory Tracts and Is Associated with Risk-Factor Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147801. [PMID: 35887149 PMCID: PMC9316635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma is the main histological tumor type in the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT), including the esophagus (ESCC) and the head and neck sites, as well as the oral cavity (OCSCC), larynx (LSCC) and oropharynx (OPSCC). These tumors are induced by alcohol and tobacco exposure, with the exception of a subgroup of OPSCC linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Few genes are frequently mutated in UADT tumors, pointing to other molecular mechanisms being involved during carcinogenesis. The F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 7 (FBXL7) is a potential tumor-suppressing gene, one that is frequently hypermethylated in pancreatic cancer and where the encoded protein promotes the degradation of AURKA, BIRC5 and c-SRC. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the methylation and expression profile of FBXL7 in the UADT and the gene’s association with the clinical, etiological and pathological characteristics of patients, as well as the expression of its degradation targets. Here we show that the FBXL7 gene’s body is hypomethylated in the UADT, independently of histology, but not in virus-associated tumors. FBXL7 body methylation and gene expression levels were correlated in the ESCC, LSCC, OCSCC and OPSCC. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that FBXL7 protein levels are not correlated with the levels of its degradation targets, AURKA and BIRC5, in the UADT. The high discriminatory potential of FBXL7 body hypomethylation between non-tumor and tumor tissues makes it a promising biomarker.
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Wildung M, Herr C, Riedel D, Wiedwald C, Moiseenko A, Ramírez F, Tasena H, Heimerl M, Alevra M, Movsisyan N, Schuldt M, Volceanov-Hahn L, Provoost S, Nöthe-Menchen T, Urrego D, Freytag B, Wallmeier J, Beisswenger C, Bals R, van den Berge M, Timens W, Hiemstra PS, Brandsma CA, Maes T, Andreas S, Heijink IH, Pardo LA, Lizé M. miR449 Protects Airway Regeneration by Controlling AURKA/HDAC6-Mediated Ciliary Disassembly. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147749. [PMID: 35887096 PMCID: PMC9320302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway mucociliary regeneration and function are key players for airway defense and are impaired in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Using transcriptome analysis in COPD-derived bronchial biopsies, we observed a positive correlation between cilia-related genes and microRNA-449 (miR449). In vitro, miR449 was strongly increased during airway epithelial mucociliary differentiation. In vivo, miR449 was upregulated during recovery from chemical or infective insults. miR0449−/− mice (both alleles are deleted) showed impaired ciliated epithelial regeneration after naphthalene and Haemophilus influenzae exposure, accompanied by more intense inflammation and emphysematous manifestations of COPD. The latter occurred spontaneously in aged miR449−/− mice. We identified Aurora kinase A and its effector target HDAC6 as key mediators in miR449-regulated ciliary homeostasis and epithelial regeneration. Aurora kinase A is downregulated upon miR449 overexpression in vitro and upregulated in miR449−/− mouse lungs. Accordingly, imaging studies showed profoundly altered cilia length and morphology accompanied by reduced mucociliary clearance. Pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6 rescued cilia length and coverage in miR449−/− cells, consistent with its tubulin-deacetylating function. Altogether, our study establishes a link between miR449, ciliary dysfunction, and COPD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merit Wildung
- Molecular & Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Gottingen, Germany; (M.W.); (C.W.); (M.H.); (L.V.-H.); (S.A.)
- Molecular Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany; (M.S.); (B.F.)
| | - Christian Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (C.H.); (C.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Dietmar Riedel
- Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075 Goettingen, Germany;
| | - Cornelia Wiedwald
- Molecular & Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Gottingen, Germany; (M.W.); (C.W.); (M.H.); (L.V.-H.); (S.A.)
- Molecular Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany; (M.S.); (B.F.)
| | - Alena Moiseenko
- Immunology & Respiratory Department, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH, 88400 Biberach an der Riss, Germany;
| | - Fidel Ramírez
- Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences Department, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH, 88400 Biberach an der Riss, Germany;
| | - Hataitip Tasena
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands; (H.T.); (W.T.); (C.-A.B.); (I.H.H.)
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Maren Heimerl
- Molecular & Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Gottingen, Germany; (M.W.); (C.W.); (M.H.); (L.V.-H.); (S.A.)
- Molecular Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany; (M.S.); (B.F.)
| | - Mihai Alevra
- Institute of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, Goettingen University, 37073 Goettingen, Germany;
| | - Naira Movsisyan
- Oncophysiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; (N.M.); (D.U.); (L.A.P.)
| | - Maike Schuldt
- Molecular Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany; (M.S.); (B.F.)
| | - Larisa Volceanov-Hahn
- Molecular & Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Gottingen, Germany; (M.W.); (C.W.); (M.H.); (L.V.-H.); (S.A.)
| | - Sharen Provoost
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (S.P.); (T.M.)
| | - Tabea Nöthe-Menchen
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (T.N.-M.); (J.W.)
| | - Diana Urrego
- Oncophysiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; (N.M.); (D.U.); (L.A.P.)
| | - Bernard Freytag
- Molecular Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany; (M.S.); (B.F.)
| | - Julia Wallmeier
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (T.N.-M.); (J.W.)
| | - Christoph Beisswenger
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (C.H.); (C.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Robert Bals
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (C.H.); (C.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands; (H.T.); (W.T.); (C.-A.B.); (I.H.H.)
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Pieter S. Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Corry-Anke Brandsma
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands; (H.T.); (W.T.); (C.-A.B.); (I.H.H.)
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Tania Maes
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (S.P.); (T.M.)
| | - Stefan Andreas
- Molecular & Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Gottingen, Germany; (M.W.); (C.W.); (M.H.); (L.V.-H.); (S.A.)
| | - Irene H. Heijink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands; (H.T.); (W.T.); (C.-A.B.); (I.H.H.)
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luis A. Pardo
- Oncophysiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; (N.M.); (D.U.); (L.A.P.)
| | - Muriel Lizé
- Molecular & Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Gottingen, Germany; (M.W.); (C.W.); (M.H.); (L.V.-H.); (S.A.)
- Molecular Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany; (M.S.); (B.F.)
- Immunology & Respiratory Department, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH, 88400 Biberach an der Riss, Germany;
- Correspondence:
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12
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Elsherbeny MH, Ammar UM, Abdellattif MH, Abourehab MAS, Abdeen A, Ibrahim SF, Abdelrahaman D, Mady W, Roh EJ, Elkamhawy A. 2-(3-Bromophenyl)-8-fluoroquinazoline-4-carboxylic Acid as a Novel and Selective Aurora A Kinase Inhibitory Lead with Apoptosis Properties: Design, Synthesis, In Vitro and In Silico Biological Evaluation. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:876. [PMID: 35743907 PMCID: PMC9225547 DOI: 10.3390/life12060876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
New quinazoline derivatives were designed based on the structural modification of the reported inhibitors to enhance their selectivity toward Aurora A. The synthesized compounds were tested over Aurora A, and a cytotoxicity assay was performed over NCI cell lines to select the best candidate for further evaluation. Compound 6e (2-(3-bromophenyl)-8-fluoroquinazoline-4-carboxylic acid) was the most potent compound among the tested derivatives. A Kinase panel assay was conducted for compound 6e over 14 kinases to evaluate its selectivity profile. Further cell cycle and apoptosis analysis were evaluated for compound 6e over the MCF-7 cell line at its IC50 of 168.78 µM. It arrested the cell cycle at the G1 phase and induced apoptosis. Molecular docking was performed to explore the possible binding mode of compound 6e into the active site. It showed significant binding into the main pocket in addition to potential binding interactions with the key amino acid residues. Accordingly, compound 6e can be considered a potential lead for further structural and molecular optimization of the quinazoline-based carboxylic acid scaffold for Aurora A kinase selective inhibition with apoptosis properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H. Elsherbeny
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea;
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza 12566, Egypt
| | - Usama M. Ammar
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, UK;
| | - Magda H. Abdellattif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed A. S. Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdeen
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt;
| | - Samah F. Ibrahim
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (S.F.I.); (D.A.)
| | - Doaa Abdelrahaman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (S.F.I.); (D.A.)
| | - Wessam Mady
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Eun Joo Roh
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea;
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Ahmed Elkamhawy
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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13
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Shah K, Kazi JU. Phosphorylation-Dependent Regulation of WNT/Beta-Catenin Signaling. Front Oncol 2022; 12:858782. [PMID: 35359365 PMCID: PMC8964056 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.858782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
WNT/β-catenin signaling is a highly complex pathway that plays diverse roles in various cellular processes. While WNT ligands usually signal through their dedicated Frizzled receptors, the decision to signal in a β-catenin-dependent or -independent manner rests upon the type of co-receptors used. Canonical WNT signaling is β-catenin-dependent, whereas non-canonical WNT signaling is β-catenin-independent according to the classical definition. This still holds true, albeit with some added complexity, as both the pathways seem to cross-talk with intertwined networks that involve the use of different ligands, receptors, and co-receptors. β-catenin can be directly phosphorylated by various kinases governing its participation in either canonical or non-canonical pathways. Moreover, the co-activators that associate with β-catenin determine the output of the pathway in terms of induction of genes promoting proliferation or differentiation. In this review, we provide an overview of how protein phosphorylation controls WNT/β-catenin signaling, particularly in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinjal Shah
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Julhash U. Kazi
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Julhash U. Kazi,
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14
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Hong SY, Lu YC, Hsiao SH, Kao YR, Lee MH, Lin YP, Wang CY, Wu CW. Stabilization of AURKA by the E3 ubiquitin ligase CBLC in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncogene 2022; 41:1907-1917. [PMID: 35149839 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
CBL family proteins (CBL, CBLB and CBLC in mammals) are E3 ubiquitin ligases of protein tyrosine kinases. CBL mediates the lysosomal degradation of activated EGFR through K63-linked ubiquitination, while CBLC has an oncogenic function by positively regulating EGFR activation through K6 and K11-linked ubiquitination in EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma (LAD). Here, we used immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry to study the CBLC interactome, and found that CBLC is also involved in cell cycle regulation by stabilizing Aurora kinase A (AURKA). CBLC interacted with the kinase domain of AURKA and positively regulated the stability of AURKA by conjugating monoubiquitination and K11/K63-linked polyubiquitination, which are protective from degrading K11/K48 polyubiquitination. CBLC depletion markedly decreased the half-life of AURKA in cycloheximide-treated LAD cells. When LAD cells were synchronized with double thymidine block at the G1/S boundary and then released into mitotic arrest, CBLC depletion delayed the accumulation and activation of AURKA and prevented cancer cells from entering mitosis. CBLC deficiency significantly delayed cell cycle progression, reduced the mitotic population, and increased apoptosis of LAD cells. Targeting CBLC inhibited tumor growth of LAD cells and enhanced their sensitivity to paclitaxel in xenograft models. Immunohistochemical staining of the tissue microarray also revealed a positive correlation between the expression of CBLC and AURKA in normal and LAD tissues, further supporting the positive regulation of AURKA expression by CBLC. In summary, these findings indicate that the oncogenic E3 ligase CBLC plays a role in mitotic entry by stabilizing AURKA via ubiquitination in LAD. This work demonstrates that targeting CBLC combined with paclitaxel might be a potential option for the treatment of LAD patients who have no available targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiao-Ya Hong
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Lu
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsin Hsiao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Rung Kao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsuan Lee
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Lin
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Wen Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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15
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Liu R, Jiang Z, Kong W, Zheng S, Dai T, Wang G. A Novel Nine-Gene Signature Associated With Immune Infiltration for Predicting Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:730732. [PMID: 34917126 PMCID: PMC8669621 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.730732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, and its prognosis remains unsatisfactory. The identification of new and effective markers is helpful for better predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC and for conducting individualized management. The oncogene Aurora kinase A (AURKA) is involved in a variety of tumors; however, its role in liver cancer is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to establish AURKA-related gene signatures for predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC. Methods: We first analyzed the expression of AURKA in liver cancer and its prognostic significance in different data sets. Subsequently, we selected genes with prognostic value related to AURKA and constructed a gene signature based on them. The predictive ability of the gene signature was tested using the HCC cohort development and verification data sets. A nomogram was constructed by integrating the risk score and clinicopathological characteristics. Finally, the influence of the gene signature on the immune microenvironment in HCC was comprehensively analyzed. Results: We found that AURKA was highly expressed in HCC, and it exhibited prognostic value. We selected eight AURKA-related genes with prognostic value through the protein-protein interaction network and successfully constructed a gene signature. The nine-gene signature could effectively stratify the risk of patients with HCC and demonstrated a good ability in predicting survival. The nomogram showed good discrimination and consistency of risk scores. In addition, the high-risk group showed a higher percentage of immune cell infiltration (i.e., macrophages, myeloid dendritic cells, neutrophils, and CD4+T cells). Moreover, the immune checkpoints SIGLEC15, TIGIT, CD274, HAVCR2, and PDCD1LG2 were also higher in the high-risk group versus the low-risk group. Conclusions: This gene signature may be useful prognostic markers and therapeutic targets in patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongqiang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - ZeKun Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihao Kong
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shiyang Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianxing Dai
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoying Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Akagawa R, Nabeshima YI, Kawauchi T. Alternative Functions of Cell Cycle-Related and DNA Repair Proteins in Post-mitotic Neurons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:753175. [PMID: 34746147 PMCID: PMC8564117 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.753175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper regulation of neuronal morphological changes is essential for neuronal migration, maturation, synapse formation, and high-order function. Many cytoplasmic proteins involved in the regulation of neuronal microtubules and the actin cytoskeleton have been identified. In addition, some nuclear proteins have alternative functions in neurons. While cell cycle-related proteins basically control the progression of the cell cycle in the nucleus, some of them have an extra-cell cycle-regulatory function (EXCERF), such as regulating cytoskeletal organization, after exit from the cell cycle. Our expression analyses showed that not only cell cycle regulators, including cyclin A1, cyclin D2, Cdk4/6, p21cip1, p27kip1, Ink4 family, and RAD21, but also DNA repair proteins, including BRCA2, p53, ATM, ATR, RAD17, MRE11, RAD9, and Hus1, were expressed after neurogenesis, suggesting that these proteins have alternative functions in post-mitotic neurons. In this perspective paper, we discuss the alternative functions of the nuclear proteins in neuronal development, focusing on possible cytoplasmic roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remi Akagawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe (FBRI), Kobe, Japan
| | - Yo-Ichi Nabeshima
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe (FBRI), Kobe, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawauchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe (FBRI), Kobe, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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USP48 Governs Cell Cycle Progression by Regulating the Protein Level of Aurora B. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168508. [PMID: 34445214 PMCID: PMC8395203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Deubiquitinating enzymes play key roles in the precise modulation of Aurora B—an essential cell cycle regulator. The expression of Aurora B increases before the onset of mitosis and decreases during mitotic exit; an imbalance in these levels has a severe impact on the fate of the cell cycle. Dysregulation of Aurora B can lead to aberrant chromosomal segregation and accumulation of errors during mitosis, eventually resulting in cytokinesis failure. Thus, it is essential to identify the precise regulatory mechanisms that modulate Aurora B levels during the cell division cycle. Using a deubiquitinase knockout strategy, we identified USP48 as an important candidate that can regulate Aurora B protein levels during the normal cell cycle. Here, we report that USP48 interacts with and stabilizes the Aurora B protein. Furthermore, we showed that the deubiquitinating activity of USP48 helps to maintain the steady-state levels of Aurora B protein by regulating its half-life. Finally, USP48 knockout resulted in delayed progression of cell cycle due to accumulation of mitotic defects and ultimately cytokinesis failure, suggesting the role of USP48 in cell cycle regulation.
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18
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Speight P, Rozycki M, Venugopal S, Szászi K, Kofler M, Kapus A. Myocardin-related transcription factor and serum response factor regulate cilium turnover by both transcriptional and local mechanisms. iScience 2021; 24:102739. [PMID: 34278253 PMCID: PMC8261663 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Turnover of the primary cilium (PC) is critical for proliferation and tissue homeostasis. Each key component of the PC resorption machinery, the HEF1/Aurora kinase A (AurA)/HDAC6 pathway harbors cis-elements potentially targeted by the transcriptional co-activator myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF) and/or its partner serum response factor (SRF). Thus we investigated if MRTF and/or SRF regulate PC turnover. Here we show that (1) both MRTF and SRF are indispensable for serum-induced PC resorption, and (2) they act via both transcriptional and local mechanisms. Intriguingly, MRTF and SRF are present in the basal body and/or the PC, and serum facilitates ciliary MRTF recruitment. MRTF promotes the stability and ciliary accumulation of AurA and facilitates SRF phosphorylation. Ciliary SRF interacts with AurA and HDAC6. MRTF also inhibits ciliogenesis. It interacts with and is required for the correct localization of the ciliogenesis modulator CEP290. Thus, MRTF and SRF are critical regulators of PC assembly and/or disassembly, acting both as transcription factors and as PC constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pam Speight
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Room 621, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Matthew Rozycki
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Room 621, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Shruthi Venugopal
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Room 621, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Katalin Szászi
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Room 621, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Michael Kofler
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Room 621, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - András Kapus
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Room 621, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
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19
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Aurora B kinase: a potential drug target for cancer therapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:2187-2198. [PMID: 34047821 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03669-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ensuring genetic integrity is essential during the cell cycle to avoid aneuploidy, one of the underlying causes of malignancies. Aurora kinases are serine/threonine kinase that play a vital role in maintaining the genomic integrity of the cells. There are three forms of aurora kinases in the mammalian cells, which are highly conserved and act together with several other proteins to control chromosome alignment and its equal distribution to daughter cells in mitosis and meiosis. METHODS We provide here a detailed analysis of Aurora B kinase (ABK) in terms of its expression, structure, function, disease association and potential therapeutic implications. RESULTS ABK plays an instrumental in mitotic entry, chromosome condensation, spindle assembly, cytokinesis, and abscission. Small-molecule inhibitors of ABK are designed and synthesized to control cancer progression. A detailed understanding of ABK pathophysiology in different cancers is of great significance in designing and developing effective therapeutic strategies. CONCLUSION In this review, we have discussed the physiological significance of ABK followed by its role in cancer progression. We further highlighted available small-molecule inhibitors to control the tumor proliferation and their mechanistic insights.
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20
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Wang R, Ascanelli C, Abdelbaki A, Fung A, Rasmusson T, Michaelides I, Roberts K, Lindon C. Selective targeting of non-centrosomal AURKA functions through use of a targeted protein degradation tool. Commun Biol 2021; 4:640. [PMID: 34050235 PMCID: PMC8163823 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation tools are becoming a new therapeutic modality, allowing small molecule ligands to be reformulated as heterobifunctional molecules (PROteolysis Targeting Chimeras, PROTACs) that recruit ubiquitin ligases to targets of interest, leading to ubiquitination and destruction of the targets. Several PROTACs against targets of clinical interest have been described, but detailed descriptions of the cell biology modulated by PROTACs are missing from the literature. Here we describe the functional characterization of a PROTAC derived from AURKA inhibitor MLN8237 (alisertib). We demonstrate efficient and specific destruction of both endogenous and overexpressed AURKA by Cereblon-directed PROTACs. At the subcellular level, we find differential targeting of AURKA on the mitotic spindle compared to centrosomes. The phenotypic consequences of PROTAC treatment are therefore distinct from those mediated by alisertib, and in mitotic cells differentially regulate centrosome- and chromatin- based microtubule spindle assembly pathways. In interphase cells PROTAC-mediated clearance of non-centrosomal AURKA modulates the cytoplasmic role played by AURKA in mitochondrial dynamics, whilst the centrosomal pool is refractory to PROTAC-mediated clearance. Our results point to differential sensitivity of subcellular pools of substrate, governed by substrate conformation or localization-dependent accessibility to PROTAC action, a phenomenon not previously described for this new class of degrader compounds. Wang et al develop tools to target the mitotic regulator AURKA by synthesising PROTACs based on the inhibitor MLN8237. They find that the new PROTAC compound efficiently clears cytoplasmic and mitotic spindle-associated AURKA but does not eliminate AURKA activity from centrosomes, demonstrating the possibility of targeting subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Ahmed Abdelbaki
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alex Fung
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tim Rasmusson
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.,Bristol Myers Squibb, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Catherine Lindon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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21
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Vriend J, Nachtigal MW. Ubiquitin Proteasome Pathway Transcriptome in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112659. [PMID: 34071321 PMCID: PMC8198060 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we reviewed the transcription of genes coding for components of the ubiquitin proteasome pathway in publicly available datasets of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). KEGG analysis was used to identify the major pathways distinguishing EOC of low malignant potential (LMP) from invasive high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOC), and to identify the components of the ubiquitin proteasome system that contributed to these pathways. We identified elevated transcription of several genes encoding ubiquitin conjugases associated with HGSOC. Fifty-eight genes coding for ubiquitin ligases and more than 100 genes encoding ubiquitin ligase adaptors that were differentially expressed between LMP and HGSOC were also identified. Many differentially expressed genes encoding E3 ligase adaptors were Cullin Ring Ligase (CRL) adaptors, and 64 of them belonged to the Cullin 4 DCX/DWD family of CRLs. The data suggest that CRLs play a role in HGSOC and that some of these proteins may be novel therapeutic targets. Differential expression of genes encoding deubiquitinases and proteasome subunits was also noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Vriend
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-204-789-3732
| | - Mark W. Nachtigal
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada;
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
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22
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Aurora kinase inhibitors as potential anticancer agents: Recent advances. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 221:113495. [PMID: 34020340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aurora kinases are a family of serine/threonine kinases that play a crucial role in cell proliferation through the regulation of mitotic spindles. These kinases are the regulatory proteins localized in the various phases of the cell cycle and are involved in centrosome maturation, chromosome alignment, chromosomal segregation, and cytokinesis. They have emerged as one of the validated drug targets for anticancer drug discovery as their overexpression has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various carcinomas. Inhibitors of Aurora kinases induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells. Hence, the design and development of Aurora kinase inhibitors have been widely explored in recent years by the scientific community as potential anticancer agents. Various Aurora kinase inhibitors have been under preclinical and clinical investigations as antitumor agents. This review summarizes the recent strategies of various researchers for the design and development of Aurora kinase inhibitors belonging to different structural classes. Their bioactivity, SARs, molecular modelling, and mechanistic studies have also been described. The comprehensive compilation of research work carried out in the field will provide inevitable scope for the design and development of novel drug candidates with better selectivity and efficacy. The review is constructed after the exhaustive research in this discipline and includes the papers from 2011 to 2020.
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23
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Bertolin G, Alves-Guerra MC, Cheron A, Burel A, Prigent C, Le Borgne R, Tramier M. Mitochondrial Aurora kinase A induces mitophagy by interacting with MAP1LC3 and Prohibitin 2. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/6/e202000806. [PMID: 33820826 PMCID: PMC8046421 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional Ser/Thr kinase AURKA uses the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane receptor PHB2 and MAP1LC3 as a signalling platform to orchestrate the elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria. Epithelial and haematologic tumours often show the overexpression of the serine/threonine kinase AURKA. Recently, AURKA was shown to localise at mitochondria, where it regulates mitochondrial dynamics and ATP production. Here we define the molecular mechanisms of AURKA in regulating mitochondrial turnover by mitophagy. AURKA triggers the degradation of Inner Mitochondrial Membrane/matrix proteins by interacting with core components of the autophagy pathway. On the inner mitochondrial membrane, the kinase forms a tripartite complex with MAP1LC3 and the mitophagy receptor PHB2, which triggers mitophagy in a PARK2/Parkin–independent manner. The formation of the tripartite complex is induced by the phosphorylation of PHB2 on Ser39, which is required for MAP1LC3 to interact with PHB2. Last, treatment with the PHB2 ligand xanthohumol blocks AURKA-induced mitophagy by destabilising the tripartite complex and restores normal ATP production levels. Altogether, these data provide evidence for a role of AURKA in promoting mitophagy through the interaction with PHB2 and MAP1LC3. This work paves the way to the use of function-specific pharmacological inhibitors to counteract the effects of the overexpression of AURKA in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bertolin
- University of Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), (IGDR) Genetics and Development Institute of Rennes, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Clotilde Alves-Guerra
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Angélique Cheron
- University of Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), (IGDR) Genetics and Development Institute of Rennes, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Agnès Burel
- University of Rennes, MRic CNRS, INSERM, Structure Fédérative de Recherche (SFR) Biosit, UMS 3480, Rennes, France
| | - Claude Prigent
- University of Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), (IGDR) Genetics and Development Institute of Rennes, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Roland Le Borgne
- University of Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), (IGDR) Genetics and Development Institute of Rennes, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Marc Tramier
- University of Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), (IGDR) Genetics and Development Institute of Rennes, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6290, Rennes, France
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24
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Salamango DJ, Harris RS. Dual Functionality of HIV-1 Vif in APOBEC3 Counteraction and Cell Cycle Arrest. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:622012. [PMID: 33510734 PMCID: PMC7835321 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.622012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Accessory proteins are a key feature that distinguishes primate immunodeficiency viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) from other retroviruses. A prime example is the virion infectivity factor, Vif, which hijacks a cellular co-transcription factor (CBF-β) to recruit a ubiquitin ligase complex (CRL5) to bind and degrade antiviral APOBEC3 enzymes including APOBEC3D (A3D), APOBEC3F (A3F), APOBEC3G (A3G), and APOBEC3H (A3H). Although APOBEC3 antagonism is essential for viral pathogenesis, and a more than sufficient functional justification for Vif’s evolution, most viral proteins have evolved multiple functions. Indeed, Vif has long been known to trigger cell cycle arrest and recent studies have shed light on the underlying molecular mechanism. Vif accomplishes this function using the same CBF-β/CRL5 ubiquitin ligase complex to degrade a family of PPP2R5 phospho-regulatory proteins. These advances have helped usher in a new era of accessory protein research and fresh opportunities for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Salamango
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Reuben S Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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25
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Nasa I, Cressey LE, Kruse T, Hertz EPT, Gui J, Graves LM, Nilsson J, Kettenbach AN. Quantitative kinase and phosphatase profiling reveal that CDK1 phosphorylates PP2Ac to promote mitotic entry. Sci Signal 2020; 13:13/648/eaba7823. [PMID: 32900880 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aba7823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The reciprocal regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatases (PPPs) by protein kinases is essential to cell cycle progression and control, particularly during mitosis for which the role of kinases has been extensively studied. PPPs perform much of the serine/threonine dephosphorylation in eukaryotic cells and achieve substrate selectivity and specificity through the interaction of distinct regulatory subunits with conserved catalytic subunits in holoenzyme complexes. Using a mass spectrometry-based chemical proteomics approach to enrich, identify, and quantify endogenous PPP holoenzyme complexes combined with kinase profiling, we investigated the phosphorylation-dependent regulation of PPP holoenzymes in mitotic cells. We found that cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) phosphorylated a threonine residue on the catalytic subunit of the phosphatase PP2A, which disrupted its holoenzyme formation with the regulatory subunit B55. The consequent decrease in the dephosphorylation of PP2A-B55 substrates promoted mitotic entry. This direct phosphorylation by CDK1 was in addition to a previously reported indirect mechanism, thus adding a layer to the interaction between CDK1 and PP2A in regulating mitotic entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Nasa
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.,Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
| | - Lauren E Cressey
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Thomas Kruse
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emil P T Hertz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jiang Gui
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Lee M Graves
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jakob Nilsson
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arminja N Kettenbach
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. .,Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
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26
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Esposito M, Akman HB, Giron P, Ceregido MA, Schepers R, Ramos Paez LC, La Monaca E, De Greve J, Coux O, De Trez C, Lindon C, Gutierrez GJ. USP13 controls the stability of Aurora B impacting progression through the cell cycle. Oncogene 2020; 39:6009-6023. [PMID: 32772043 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01396-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aurora B kinase plays essential roles in mitosis. Its protein levels increase before the onset of mitosis and sharply decrease during mitosis exit. The latter decrease is due to a balance between the actions of the E3 ubiquitin ligase anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (activated by the Cdh1 adapter), and the deubiquitinating enzyme USP35. Aurora B also executes important functions in interphase. Abnormal modulation of Aurora B in interphase leads to cell cycle defects often linked to aberrant chromosomal condensation and segregation. Very little is however known about how Aurora B levels are regulated in interphase. Here we found that USP13-associates with and stabilizes Aurora B in cells, especially before their entry into mitosis. In order for USP13 to exert its stabilizing effect on Aurora B, their association is promoted by the Aurora B-mediated phosphorylation of USP13 at Serine 114. We also present evidence that USP13 instigates Aurora B deubiquitination and/or protect it from degradation in a non-catalytic manner. In addition, we report that genetic or chemical modulation of the cellular levels/activity of USP13 affects unperturbed cell-cycle progression. Overall our study unveils the molecular and cellular connections of the USP13-Aurora B axis, which potentially participates in the rewiring of the cell cycle happening in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Esposito
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological Cell Signaling, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Begum Akman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Philippe Giron
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological Cell Signaling, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Molecular and Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Angeles Ceregido
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological Cell Signaling, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,GlaxoSmithKline, Avenue Pascal, 2-4-6, 1300, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Rogier Schepers
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological Cell Signaling, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat, 49-B912, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luis C Ramos Paez
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological Cell Signaling, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Ablynx NV, Technologiepark 21, Zwijnaarde, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Esther La Monaca
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological Cell Signaling, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Jacques De Greve
- Laboratory of Molecular and Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Coux
- CNRS-CRBM, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Carl De Trez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Science and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catherine Lindon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Gustavo J Gutierrez
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological Cell Signaling, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium. .,Galapagos NV, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, 2800, Mechelen, Belgium.
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27
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Abdelbaki A, Akman HB, Poteau M, Grant R, Gavet O, Guarguaglini G, Lindon C. AURKA destruction is decoupled from its activity at mitotic exit but is essential to suppress interphase activity. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs243071. [PMID: 32393600 PMCID: PMC7328152 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.243071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity of AURKA is controlled through multiple mechanisms including phosphorylation, ubiquitin-mediated degradation and allosteric interaction with TPX2. Activity peaks at mitosis, before AURKA is degraded during and after mitotic exit in a process strictly dependent on the APC/C coactivator FZR1. We used FZR1 knockout cells (FZR1KO) and a novel FRET-based AURKA biosensor to investigate how AURKA activity is regulated in the absence of destruction. We found that AURKA activity in FZR1KO cells dropped at mitotic exit as rapidly as in parental cells, despite absence of AURKA destruction. Unexpectedly, TPX2 was degraded normally in FZR1KO cells. Overexpression of an N-terminal TPX2 fragment sufficient for AURKA binding, but that is not degraded at mitotic exit, caused delay in AURKA inactivation. We conclude that inactivation of AURKA at mitotic exit is determined not by AURKA degradation but by degradation of TPX2 and therefore is dependent on CDC20 rather than FZR1. The biosensor revealed that FZR1 instead suppresses AURKA activity in interphase and is critically required for assembly of the interphase mitochondrial network after mitosis.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first authors of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdelbaki
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - H Begum Akman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Marion Poteau
- Institut Gustave Roussy, UMR9019 - CNRS, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Rhys Grant
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Olivier Gavet
- Institut Gustave Roussy, UMR9019 - CNRS, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Giulia Guarguaglini
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR, Via degli Apuli 4, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Catherine Lindon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
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28
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Fan C, Zhong T, Yang H, Yang Y, Wang D, Yang X, Xu Y, Fan Y. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation of 6-(2-amino-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-6-yl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives as novel anticancer agents with Aurora kinase inhibition. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 190:112108. [PMID: 32058239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aurora A kinase, a member of the Aurora kinase family, is frequently overexpressed in various human cancers. In addition, Overexpression of Aurora A kinase is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis in many cancers including breast cancer. Therefore, Aurora A kinase has been considered as an attractive anticancer target for the treatment of human cancers. Herein, A series of 6-(2-amino-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-6-yl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as Aurora A kinase inhibitors. The cell-based cytotoxicity assays showed that compound 16h was the most potent cytotoxic agent against all tested cancer cells and had a lower IC50 value than ENMD-2076 against MDA-MB-231 cells. Meanwhile, Aurora A kinase assay and Western blot analysis showed that 16h inhibited Aurora A kinase with an IC50 value of 21.94 nM and suppressed the phosphorylation of Histone H3 on Ser10 and Aurora A kinase on Thr288, which were consistent with the activation of Aurora A kinase. Accordingly, 16h caused aberrant mitotic phenotypes and obvious G2/M phase arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. These results demonstrated that 16h is a potential candidate for the development of anticancer agents targeting Aurora A kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Fan
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ting Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Huarong Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Daoping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Xiaosheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Yongnan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yanhua Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China.
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Bose A, Sudevan S, Rao VJ, Shima H, Trivedi AK, Igarashi K, Kundu TK. Haploinsufficient tumor suppressor Tip60 negatively regulates oncogenic Aurora B kinase. J Biosci 2019; 44:147. [PMID: 31894128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Aurora kinases represent a group of serine/threonine kinases which are crucial regulators of mitosis. Dysregulated Aurora kinase B (AurkB) expression, stemming from genomic amplification, increased gene transcription or overexpression of its allosteric activators, is capable of initiating and sustaining malignant phenotypes. Although AurkB level in cells is well-orchestrated, studies that relate to its stability or activity, independent of mitosis, are lacking. We report that AurkB undergoes acetylation in vitro by lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) belonging to different families, namely by p300 and Tip60. The haploinsufficient tumor suppressor Tip60 acetylates two highly conserved lysine residues within the kinase domain of AurkB which not only impinges the protein stability but also its kinase activity. These results signify a probable outcome on the increase in "overall activity" of AurkB upon Tip60 downregulation, as observed under cancerous conditions. The present work, therefore, uncovers an important functional interplay between AurkB and Tip60, frailty of which may be an initial event in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Bose
- Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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30
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Mankovska O, Gerashchenko G, Rozenberg E, Stakhovsky E, Kononenko O, Bondarenko Y, Kashuba V. Analysis of Aurora kinases genes expression points on their distinct roles in prostate cancer development. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj91.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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31
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Mancini M, De Santis S, Monaldi C, Bavaro L, Martelli M, Castagnetti F, Gugliotta G, Rosti G, Santucci MA, Martinelli G, Cavo M, Soverini S. Hyper-activation of Aurora kinase a-polo-like kinase 1-FOXM1 axis promotes chronic myeloid leukemia resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:216. [PMID: 31122263 PMCID: PMC6533706 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disease caused by the constitutive tyrosine kinase (TK) activity of the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein. Accordingly, TK inhibitors have drastically changed the disease prognosis. However, persistence of the transformed hematopoiesis even in patients who achieved a complete response to TK inhibitors and the disease relapse upon therapy discontinuation represent a major obstacle to CML cure. METHODS Thiostrepton, Danusertib and Volasertib were used to investigate the effects of FOXM1, AKA and Plk1 inhibition in K562-S and K562-R cells. Apoptotic cell death was quantified by annexin V/propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. Quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was used to assess BCR-ABL1, FOXM1, PLK1 and AURKA expression. Protein expression and activation was assessed by Western Blotting (WB). Clonogenic assay were performed to confirm K562-R resistance to Imatinib and to evaluate cells sensitivity to the different drugs. RESULTS Here we proved that BCR-ABL1 TK-dependent hyper-activation of Aurora kinase A (AURKA)-Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1)-FOXM1 axis is associated with the outcome of Imatinib (IM) resistance in an experimental model (K562 cell line) and bone marrow hematopoietic cells. Notably, such a biomolecular trait was detected in the putative leukemic stem cell (LSC) compartment characterized by a CD34+ phenotype. Constitutive phosphorylation of FOXM1 associated with BCR-ABL1 TK lets FOXM1 binding with β-catenin enables β-catenin nuclear import and recruitment to T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor (TCF/LEF) transcription complex, hence supporting leukemic cell proliferation and survival. Lastly, the inhibition of single components of AURKA-PLK1-FOXM1 axis in response to specific drugs raises the expression of growth factor/DNA damage-inducible gene a (GADD45a), a strong inhibitor of AURKA and, as so, a critical component whose induction may mediate the eradication of leukemic clone. CONCLUSIONS Our conclusion is that AURKA, PLK1 and FOXM1 inhibition may be considered as a promising therapeutic approach to cure CML.
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MESH Headings
- Aurora Kinase A/genetics
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Forkhead Box Protein M1/genetics
- Forkhead Box Protein M1/metabolism
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/pharmacology
- K562 Cells
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Pteridines/pharmacology
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Signal Transduction
- Thiostrepton/pharmacology
- Up-Regulation
- Polo-Like Kinase 1
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Mancini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale – DIMES - Istituto di Ematologia “L. e A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Medical School, via Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - S. De Santis
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale – DIMES - Istituto di Ematologia “L. e A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Medical School, via Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - C. Monaldi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale – DIMES - Istituto di Ematologia “L. e A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Medical School, via Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - L. Bavaro
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale – DIMES - Istituto di Ematologia “L. e A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Medical School, via Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - M. Martelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale – DIMES - Istituto di Ematologia “L. e A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Medical School, via Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - F. Castagnetti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale – DIMES - Istituto di Ematologia “L. e A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Medical School, via Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - G. Gugliotta
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale – DIMES - Istituto di Ematologia “L. e A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Medical School, via Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - G. Rosti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale – DIMES - Istituto di Ematologia “L. e A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Medical School, via Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - M. A. Santucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale – DIMES - Istituto di Ematologia “L. e A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Medical School, via Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - G. Martinelli
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) Srl Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), via Piero Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola (FC), Italy
| | - M. Cavo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale – DIMES - Istituto di Ematologia “L. e A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Medical School, via Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - S. Soverini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale – DIMES - Istituto di Ematologia “L. e A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Medical School, via Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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AURKB as a target in non-small cell lung cancer with acquired resistance to anti-EGFR therapy. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1812. [PMID: 31000705 PMCID: PMC6472415 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09734-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors harboring mutations in EGFR ultimately relapse to therapy with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs). Here, we show that resistant cells without the p.T790M or other acquired mutations are sensitive to the Aurora B (AURKB) inhibitors barasertib and S49076. Phospho-histone H3 (pH3), a major product of AURKB, is increased in most resistant cells and treatment with AURKB inhibitors reduces the levels of pH3, triggering G1/S arrest and polyploidy. Senescence is subsequently induced in cells with acquired mutations while, in their absence, polyploidy is followed by cell death. Finally, in NSCLC patients, pH3 levels are increased after progression on EGFR TKIs and high pH3 baseline correlates with shorter survival. Our results reveal that AURKB activation is associated with acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs, and that AURKB constitutes a potential target in NSCLC progressing to anti-EGFR therapy and not carrying resistance mutations. Non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutations are known to develop resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Here, the authors show AURKB activation to be associated with resistance in EGFR mutant lung cancer cells, and that AURKB is a therapeutic target in resistant tumours that lack the p.T790M or other acquired mutations.
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Willems E, Dedobbeleer M, Digregorio M, Lombard A, Lumapat PN, Rogister B. The functional diversity of Aurora kinases: a comprehensive review. Cell Div 2018; 13:7. [PMID: 30250494 PMCID: PMC6146527 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-018-0040-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinases are serine/threonine kinases essential for the onset and progression of mitosis. Aurora members share a similar protein structure and kinase activity, but exhibit distinct cellular and subcellular localization. AurA favors the G2/M transition by promoting centrosome maturation and mitotic spindle assembly. AurB and AurC are chromosome-passenger complex proteins, crucial for chromosome binding to kinetochores and segregation of chromosomes. Cellular distribution of AurB is ubiquitous, while AurC expression is mainly restricted to meiotically-active germ cells. In human tumors, all Aurora kinase members play oncogenic roles related to their mitotic activity and promote cancer cell survival and proliferation. Furthermore, AurA plays tumor-promoting roles unrelated to mitosis, including tumor stemness, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and invasion. In this review, we aim to understand the functional interplay of Aurora kinases in various types of human cells, including tumor cells. The understanding of the functional diversity of Aurora kinases could help to evaluate their relevance as potential therapeutic targets in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Willems
- 1Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Matthias Dedobbeleer
- 1Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Marina Digregorio
- 1Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Lombard
- 1Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium.,2Department of Neurosurgery, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Paul Noel Lumapat
- 1Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium.,3Department of Neurology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Rogister
- 1Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium.,3Department of Neurology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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USP35 regulates mitotic progression by modulating the stability of Aurora B. Nat Commun 2018; 9:688. [PMID: 29449677 PMCID: PMC5814453 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03107-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Although approximately 100 deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are encoded in the human genome, very little is known about the DUBs that function in mitosis. Here, we demonstrate that DUB USP35 functions as a mitotic regulator by controlling the protein levels and downstream signaling of Aurora B and the depletion of USP35 eventually leads to several mitotic defects including cytokinesis failures. USP35 binds to and deubiquitinates Aurora B, and inhibits the APCCDH1-mediated proteasomal degradation of Aurora B, thus maintaining its steady-state levels during mitosis. In addition, the loss of USP35 decreases the phosphorylation of histone H3-Ser10, an Aurora B substrate. Finally, the transcription factor FoxM1 promotes the expression of USP35, as well as that of Aurora B, during the cell cycle. Our findings suggest that USP35 regulates the stability and function of Aurora B by blocking APCCDH1-induced proteasomal degradation, thereby controlling mitotic progression. Aurora B kinase is a member of the chromosomal passenger complex, which is an indispensable regulator of mitosis. Here the authors show that the deubiquitinating enzyme USP35 has a role in mitotic progression by inhibiting proteasomal degradation of Aurora B kinase, leading to its activation.
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Hellerschmied D, Roessler M, Lehner A, Gazda L, Stejskal K, Imre R, Mechtler K, Dammermann A, Clausen T. UFD-2 is an adaptor-assisted E3 ligase targeting unfolded proteins. Nat Commun 2018; 9:484. [PMID: 29396393 PMCID: PMC5797217 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-02924-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle development requires the coordinated activities of specific protein folding and degradation factors. UFD-2, a U-box ubiquitin ligase, has been reported to play a central role in this orchestra regulating the myosin chaperone UNC-45. Here, we apply an integrative in vitro and in vivo approach to delineate the substrate-targeting mechanism of UFD-2 and elucidate its distinct mechanistic features as an E3/E4 enzyme. Using Caenorhabditis elegans as model system, we demonstrate that UFD-2 is not regulating the protein levels of UNC-45 in muscle cells, but rather shows the characteristic properties of a bona fide E3 ligase involved in protein quality control. Our data demonstrate that UFD-2 preferentially targets unfolded protein segments. Moreover, the UNC-45 chaperone can serve as an adaptor protein of UFD-2 to poly-ubiquitinate unfolded myosin, pointing to a possible role of the UFD-2/UNC-45 pair in maintaining proteostasis in muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Hellerschmied
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Max Roessler
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL), University of Vienna, Doktor-Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anita Lehner
- Vienna Biocenter Core Facilities, Doktor-Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Linn Gazda
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karel Stejskal
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Imre
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Mechtler
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Dammermann
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL), University of Vienna, Doktor-Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Tim Clausen
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria. .,Medical University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030, Vienna, Austria.
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Seeling JM, Farmer AA, Mansfield A, Cho H, Choudhary M. Differential Selective Pressures Experienced by the Aurora Kinase Gene Family. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010072. [PMID: 29283376 PMCID: PMC5796022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinases (AKs) are serine/threonine kinases that are essential for cell division. Humans have three AK genes: AKA, AKB, and AKC. AKA is required for centrosome assembly, centrosome separation, and bipolar spindle assembly, and its mutation leads to abnormal spindle morphology. AKB is required for the spindle checkpoint and proper cytokinesis, and mutations cause chromosome misalignment and cytokinesis failure. AKC is expressed in germ cells, and has a role in meiosis analogous to that of AKB in mitosis. Mutation of any of the three isoforms can lead to cancer. AK proteins possess divergent N- and C-termini and a conserved central catalytic domain. We examined the evolution of the AK gene family using an identity matrix and by building a phylogenetic tree. The data suggest that AKA is the vertebrate ancestral gene, and that AKB and AKC resulted from gene duplication in placental mammals. In a nonsynonymous/synonymous rate substitution analysis, we found that AKB experienced the strongest, and AKC the weakest, purifying selection. Both the N- and C-termini and regions within the kinase domain experienced differential selection among the AK isoforms. These differentially selected sequences may be important for species specificity and isoform specificity, and are therefore potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joni M Seeling
- Department of Biology, Lone Star College, Woodlands, TX 77375, USA.
| | - Alexis A Farmer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA.
| | - Adam Mansfield
- Department of Computer Science, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA.
| | - Hyuk Cho
- Department of Computer Science, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA.
| | - Madhusudan Choudhary
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA.
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Noronha S, Alt LAC, Scimeca TE, Zarou O, Obrzut J, Zanotti B, Hayward EA, Pillai A, Mathur S, Rojas J, Salamah R, Chandar N, Fay MJ. Preclinical evaluation of the Aurora kinase inhibitors AMG 900, AZD1152-HQPA, and MK-5108 on SW-872 and 93T449 human liposarcoma cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2017; 54:71-84. [PMID: 29197031 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-017-0208-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Liposarcoma is a malignant soft tissue tumor that originates from adipose tissue and is one of the most frequently diagnosed soft tissue sarcomas in humans. There is great interest in identifying novel chemotherapeutic options for treating liposarcoma based upon molecular alterations in the cancer cells. The Aurora kinases have been identified as promising chemotherapeutic targets based on their altered expression in many human cancers and cellular roles in mitosis and cytokinesis. In this study, we investigated the effects of an Aurora kinase A inhibitor (MK-5108), an Aurora kinase B inhibitor (AZD1152-HQPA), and a pan-Aurora kinase inhibitor (AMG 900) on undifferentiated SW-872 and well-differentiated 93T449 human liposarcoma cells. Treatment of the SW-872 and 93T449 cells with MK-5108 (0-1000 nM), AZD1152-HQPA (0-1000 nM), and AMG 900 (0-1000 nM) for 72 h resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the total viable cell number. Based upon the EC50 values, the potency of the three Aurora kinase inhibitors in the SW-872 cells was as follows: AMG 900 (EC50 = 3.7 nM) > AZD1152-HQPA (EC50 = 43.4 nM) > MK-5108 (EC50 = 309.0 nM), while the potency in the 93T449 cells was as follows: AMG 900 (EC50 = 6.5 nM) > AZD1152-HQPA (EC50 = 74.5 nM) > MK-5108 (EC50 = 283.6 nM). The percentage of polyploidy after 72 h of drug treatment (0-1000 nM) was determined by propidium iodide staining and flow cytometric analysis. AMG 900 caused a significant increase in polyploidy starting at 25 nM in the SW-872 and 93T449 cells, and AZD1152-HQPA caused a significant increase starting at 100 nM in the SW-872 cells and 250 nM in the 93T449 cells. The Aurora kinase A inhibitor MK-5108 did not significantly increase the percentage of polyploid cells at any of the doses tested in either cell line. The expression of Aurora kinase A and B was evaluated in the SW-872 cells versus differentiated adipocytes and human mesenchymal stem cells by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Aurora kinase A and B mRNA expression was significantly increased in the SW-872 cells versus the differentiated adipocytes and human mesenchymal stem cells. Western blot analysis revealed a ~ 48 kDa immunoreactive band for Aurora kinase A that was not present in the differentiated adipocytes or the human mesenchymal stem cells. A ~ 39 kDa immunoreactive band for Aurora kinase B was detected in the SW-872 cells, differentiated adipocytes, and human mesenchymal stem cells. A smaller immunoreactive band for Aurora kinase B was detected in the SW-872 cells but not in the differentiated adipocytes and human mesenchymal stem cells, and this may reflect the expression of a truncated splice variant of Aurora kinase B that has been associated with poor patient prognosis. The 93T449 cells demonstrated decreased expression of Aurora kinase A and B mRNA and protein compared to the SW-872 cells, and also expressed the truncated form of Aurora kinase B. The results of these in vitro studies indicate that Aurora kinase inhibitors should be further investigated as possible chemotherapeutic agents for human liposarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Noronha
- Physician Assistant Program, College of Health Sciences, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA
| | - Lauren A C Alt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA
| | - Taylor E Scimeca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA
| | - Omran Zarou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA
| | - Justyna Obrzut
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA
| | - Brian Zanotti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Hayward
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA
| | - Akhil Pillai
- Department of Pharmacology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA
| | - Shubha Mathur
- Department of Pharmacology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA
| | - Joseph Rojas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA
| | - Ribhi Salamah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA
| | - Nalini Chandar
- Department of Biochemistry, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA
| | - Michael J Fay
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA.
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Heterogeneity in sarcoma cell lines reveals enhanced motility of tetraploid versus diploid cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:16669-16689. [PMID: 28035071 PMCID: PMC5369993 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas with complex genomics are very heterogeneous tumors lacking simple prognosis markers or targeted therapies. Overexpression of a subset of mitotic genes from a signature called CINSARC is of bad prognosis, but the significance of this signature remains elusive. Here we precisely measure the cell cycle and mitosis duration of sarcoma cell lines and we found that the mitotic gene products overexpression does not reflect variation in the time spent during mitosis or G2/M. We also found that the CINSARC cell lines, we studied, are composed of a mixture of aneuploid, diploid, and tetraploid cells that are highly motile in vitro. After sorting diploid and tetraploid cells, we showed that the tetraploid cell clones do not possess a proliferative advantage, but are strikingly more motile and invasive than their diploid counterparts. This is correlated with higher levels of mitotic proteins overexpression. Owing that mitotic proteins are almost systematically degraded at the end of mitosis, we propose that it is the abnormal activity of the mitotic proteins during interphase that boosts the sarcoma cells migratory properties by affecting their cytoskeleton. To test this hypothesis, we designed a screen for mitotic or cytoskeleton protein inhibitors affecting the sarcoma cell migration potential independently of cytotoxic activities. We found that inhibition of several mitotic kinases drastically impairs the CINSARC cell invasive and migratory properties. This finding could provide a handle by which to selectively inhibit the most invasive cells.
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Yu Z, Sun Y, She X, Wang Z, Chen S, Deng Z, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Liu Q, Zhao C, Li P, Liu C, Feng J, Fu H, Li G, Wu M. SIX3, a tumor suppressor, inhibits astrocytoma tumorigenesis by transcriptional repression of AURKA/B. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:115. [PMID: 28595628 PMCID: PMC5465582 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SIX homeobox 3 (SIX3) is a member of the sine oculis homeobox transcription factor family. It plays a vital role in the nervous system development. Our previous study showed that the SIX3 gene is hypermethylated, and its expression is decreased in astrocytoma, but the role of SIX3 remains unknown. METHODS Chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assay were used to confirm the binding of SIX3 to the promoter regions of aurora kinase A (AURKA) and aurora kinase B (AURKB). Confocal imaging and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) were used to detect the interaction between AURKA and AURKB. Flow cytometry was performed to assess the effect of SIX3 on cell cycle distribution. Colony formation, EdU incorporation, transwell, and intracranial xenograft assays were performed to demonstrate the effect of SIX3 on the malignant phenotype of astrocytoma cells. RESULTS SIX3 is identified as a novel negative transcriptional regulator of AURKA and AURKB, and it decreases the expression of AURKA and AURKB in a dose-dependent manner in astrocytoma cells. Importantly, interactions between AURKA and AURKB stabilize and protect AURKA/B from degradation, and overexpression of SIX3 does not affect these interactions; SIX3 also acts as a tumor suppressor, and it increases p53 activity and expression at the post-translational level by the negative regulation of AURKA or AURKB, reduces the events of numerical centrosomal aberrations and misaligned chromosomes, and significantly inhibits the proliferation, invasion, and tumorigenesis of astrocytoma in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, experiments using primary cultured astrocytoma cells indicate that astrocytoma patients with a low expression of SIX3 and mutant p53 are more sensitive to treatment with aurora kinase inhibitors. CONCLUSION SIX3 is a novel negative transcriptional regulator and acts as a tumor suppressor that directly represses the transcription of AURKA and AURKB in astrocytoma. For the first time, the functional interaction of AURKA and AURKB has been found, which aids in the protection of their stability, and partially explains their constant high expression and activity in cancers. SIX3 is a potential biomarker that could be used to predict the response of astrocytoma patients to aurora kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Yu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Yingnan Sun
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling She
- The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Zeyou Wang
- The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiyong Deng
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qing Liu
- The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Chunhua Zhao
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Peiyao Li
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Changhong Liu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Jianbo Feng
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Haijuan Fu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Minghua Wu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
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