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Nucera F, Ruggeri P, Spagnolo CC, Santarpia M, Ieni A, Monaco F, Tuccari G, Pioggia G, Gangemi S. MiRNAs and Microbiota in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Implications in Pathogenesis and Potential Role in Predicting Response to ICI Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6685. [PMID: 38928392 PMCID: PMC11203619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most prevalent cancers in both men and women and today is still characterized by high mortality and lethality. Several biomarkers have been identified for evaluating the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and selecting the most effective therapeutic strategy for these patients. The introduction of innovative targeted therapies and immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for the treatment of NSCLC both in advanced stages and, more recently, also in early stages, has revolutionized and significantly improved the therapeutic scenario for these patients. Promising evidence has also been shown by analyzing both micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and the lung/gut microbiota. MiRNAs belong to the large family of non-coding RNAs and play a role in the modulation of several key mechanisms in cells such as proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, and apoptosis. On the other hand, the microbiota (a group of several microorganisms found in human orgasms such as the gut and lungs and mainly composed by bacteria) plays a key role in the modulation of inflammation and, in particular, in the immune response. Some data have shown that the microbiota and the related microbiome can modulate miRNAs expression and vice versa by regulating several intracellular signaling pathways that are known to play a role in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. This evidence suggests that this axis is key to predicting the prognosis and effectiveness of ICIs in NSCLC treatment and could represent a new target in the treatment of NSCLC. In this review, we highlight the most recent evidence and data regarding the role of both miRNAs and the lung/gut microbiome in the prediction of prognosis and response to ICI treatment, focusing on the link between miRNAs and the microbiome. A new potential interaction based on the underlying modulated intracellular signaling pathways is also shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nucera
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Paolo Ruggeri
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Calogera Claudia Spagnolo
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (C.C.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Mariacarmela Santarpia
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (C.C.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Antonio Ieni
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy; (A.I.); (G.T.)
| | - Francesco Monaco
- Chirurgia Toracica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Tuccari
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy; (A.I.); (G.T.)
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy;
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2
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Spagnolo CC, Pepe F, Ciappina G, Nucera F, Ruggeri P, Squeri A, Speranza D, Silvestris N, Malapelle U, Santarpia M. Circulating biomarkers as predictors of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in NSCLC: Are we on the right path? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 197:104332. [PMID: 38580184 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) have markedly improved the therapeutic management of advanced NSCLC and, more recently, they have demonstrated efficacy also in the early-stage disease. Despite better survival outcomes with ICIs compared to standard chemotherapy, a large proportion of patients can derive limited clinical benefit from these agents. So far, few predictive biomarkers, including the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), have been introduced in clinical practice. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify novel biomarkers to select patients for immunotherapy, to improve efficacy and avoid unnecessary toxicity. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved in antitumor immunity and advances in the field of liquid biopsy have led to the identification of a wide range of circulating biomarkers that could potentially predict response to immunotherapy. Herein, we provide an updated overview of these circulating biomarkers, focusing on emerging data from clinical studies and describing modern technologies used for their detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calogera Claudia Spagnolo
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina 98122, Italy
| | - Francesco Pepe
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Giuliana Ciappina
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina 98122, Italy
| | - Francesco Nucera
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Messina 98122, Italy
| | - Paolo Ruggeri
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Messina 98122, Italy
| | - Andrea Squeri
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina 98122, Italy
| | - Desirèe Speranza
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina 98122, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina 98122, Italy
| | - Umberto Malapelle
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Mariacarmela Santarpia
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina 98122, Italy.
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3
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McLoughlin NM, Albers MA, Collado Camps E, Paulus J, Ran YA, Neubacher S, Hennig S, Brock R, Grossmann TN. Environment-Responsive Peptide Dimers Bind and Stabilize Double-Stranded RNA. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308028. [PMID: 37603459 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Double-stranded RNAs (dsRNA) possess immense potential for biomedical applications. However, their therapeutic utility is limited by low stability and poor cellular uptake. Different strategies have been explored to enhance the stability of dsRNA, including the incorporation of modified nucleotides, and the use of diverse carrier systems. Nevertheless, these have not resulted in a broadly applicable approach thereby preventing the wide-spread application of dsRNA for therapeutic purposes. Herein, we report the design of dimeric stapled peptides based on the RNA-binding protein TAV2b. These dimers are obtained via disulfide formation and mimic the natural TAV2b assembly. They bind and stabilize dsRNA in the presence of serum, protecting it from degradation. In addition, peptide binding also promotes cellular uptake of dsRNA. Importantly, peptide dimers monomerize under reducing conditions which results in a loss of RNA binding. These findings highlight the potential of peptide-based RNA binders for the stabilization and protection of dsRNA, representing an appealing strategy towards the environment-triggered release of RNA. This can broaden the applicability of dsRNA, such as short interfering RNAs (siRNA), for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niall M McLoughlin
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marvin A Albers
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Estel Collado Camps
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Center, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jannik Paulus
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Youri A Ran
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Neubacher
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Incircular B.V., De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sven Hennig
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roland Brock
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Center, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, 293, Bahrain
| | - Tom N Grossmann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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4
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Nour SM, Abbasi N, Sadi S, Ravan N, Alipourian A, Yarizadeh M, Soofi A, Ataei A, Tehrany PM. miRNAs as key modulators between normal cells and tumor microenvironment interactions. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:939-950. [PMID: 37402595 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is well-defined target for understanding tumor progression and various cell types. Major elements of the tumor microenvironment are the followings: endothelial cells, fibroblasts, signaling molecules, extracellular matrix, and infiltrating immune cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small noncoding RNAs with major functions in the gene expression regulation at post-transcriptional level that have also appeared to exerts key functions in the cancer initiation/progression in diverse biological processes and the tumor microenvironment. This study summarized various roles of miRNAs in the complex interactions between the tumor and normal cells in their microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Abbasi
- School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sima Sadi
- Medical Doctor, Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Navid Ravan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Alipourian
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahsa Yarizadeh
- Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asma Soofi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ataei
- School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Pooya M Tehrany
- Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Bani, Malaysia
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5
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Frydrychowicz M, Kuszel Ł, Dworacki G, Budna-Tukan J. MicroRNA in lung cancer-a novel potential way for early diagnosis and therapy. J Appl Genet 2023; 64:459-477. [PMID: 36821071 PMCID: PMC10457410 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-023-00750-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. One of the reasons of poor prognosis and high mortality of lung cancer patients is the diagnosis of the disease in its advanced stage. Despite innovative diagnostic methods and multiple completed and ongoing clinical trials aiming at therapy improvement, no significant increase in patients' long-term survival has been noted over last decades. Patients would certainly benefit from early detection of lung cancer. Therefore, it is crucial to find new biomarkers that can help predict outcomes and tumor responses in order to maximize therapy effectiveness and avoid over- or under-treating patients with lung cancer. Nowadays, scientists' attention is mainly dedicated to so-called liquid biopsy, which is fully non-invasive and easily available method based on simple blood draw. Among common liquid biopsy elements, circulating tumor nucleic acids are worth mentioning. Epigenetic biomarkers, particularly miRNA expression, have several distinct features that make them promising prognostic markers. In this review, we described miRNA's involvement in tumorigenesis and present it as a predictor of cancer development and progression, potential indicator of treatment efficacy, and most importantly promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Frydrychowicz
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Łukasz Kuszel
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Dworacki
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Budna-Tukan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-781 Poznan, Poland
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6
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Balkrishna A, Mittal R, Arya V. Tumor Suppressive Role of MicroRNAs in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:3357-3367. [PMID: 38037837 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128272489231124095922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers are highly aggressive, a heterogeneous form of breast cancer with a high re-occurrence rate that further lacks an efficient treatment strategy and prognostic marker. The tumor microenvironment of the disease comprises cancer-associated fibroblasts, cancer stem cells, immunological molecules, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and a metastatic microenvironment that contributes to disease progression and metastasis to distant sites. Emerging evidence indicated that miRNA clusters would be of clinical utility as they exert an oncogenic or tumor suppressor role in TNBC. The present review article aims to highlight the therapeutic significance of miRNA in targeting the above-mentioned signaling cascades and modulating the intracellular crosstalk in the tumor microenvironment of TNBC. Prognostic implications of miRNAs to depict disease-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, relapse-free survival, and overall survival outcome were also unveiled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Rashmi Mittal
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Vedpriya Arya
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
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7
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Role of miRNA in Melanoma Development and Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010201. [PMID: 36613640 PMCID: PMC9820801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive and progressive skin cancers. It develops from normal pigment-producing cells known as melanocytes, so it is important to know the mechanism behind such transformations. The study of metastasis mechanisms is crucial for a better understanding the biology of neoplastic cells. Metastasis of melanoma, or any type of cancer, is a multi-stage process in which the neoplastic cells leave the primary tumour, travel through the blood and/or lymphatic vessels, settle in distant organs and create secondary tumours. MicroRNA (miRNA) can participate in several steps of the metastatic process. This review presents the role of miRNA molecules in the development and progression as well as the immune response to melanoma.
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8
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Zha Z, Hong Y, Tang Z, Du Q, Wang Y, Yang S, Wu Y, Tan H, Jiang F, Zhong W. FCGR3A: A new biomarker with potential prognostic value for prostate cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1014888. [PMID: 36505767 PMCID: PMC9730230 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1014888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To screen target gene cluster by bioinformatics analysis and verify them by in vitro experiment and clinicopathological correlation analysis. We try to find a new biomarker with prognostic value for prostate cancer (PCa). 42 candidate marker genes were constructed by protein protein interaction (PPI) network and enriched by KEGG pathway to find out the gene cluster we are interested in. Prognostic model was established to preliminarily analyze the prognostic value of this gene cluster in PCa, and Cox risk regression was used for comparative analysis. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of each gene in clinical tissue microarray. Finally, we analyzed the correlation between each gene and their clinicopathological features of PCa combined with TCGA clinical data. Based on the analysis of PPI and KEGG, we found the target gene cluster (FCGR3A, HAVCR2, CCR7 and CD28). Prognostic model analysis showed that this gene cluster had the ability to predict biochemical recurrence, and the survival rate and ROC analysis showed favorable prediction effect. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that the risk scores of Gleason score (GS), T stage, N stage and PSA were significantly different (P<0.05), and the risk ratio of high expression was 2.30 times that of low expression (P=0.004). However, it was not statistically significant in multivariate Cox regression analysis (P>0.05). The results of tissue microarray showed that FCGR3A and HAVCR2 were highly expressed in PCa (P<0.01), while the expression of CCR7 and CD28 had no significant difference (P>0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that there was significant difference in BCR free survival of FCGR3A and HAVCR2 (FCGR3A, P=0.010; HAVCR2, P=0.018), while the expression of CCR7 and CD28 had no significant difference on the survival and prognosis of PCa patients (P>0.05). TCGA clinical data analysis found that the expression of FCGR3A had a unique correlation with the clinicopathological features of PCa, which was closely related to the tumor stage. The expression of FCGR3A is related to BCR free survival of PCa patients. Therefore, FCGR3A is a new biomarker with potential prognostic value of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zha
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China,Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Hong
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China,College of The First Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - ZhenFeng Tang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuling Du
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengbang Yang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China,School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongding Wu
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijing Tan
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Funneng Jiang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weide Zhong
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Weide Zhong,
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9
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Otmani K, Rouas R, Lewalle P. OncomiRs as noncoding RNAs having functions in cancer: Their role in immune suppression and clinical implications. Front Immunol 2022; 13:913951. [PMID: 36189271 PMCID: PMC9523483 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.913951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, microRNAs have been established as central players in tumorigenesis, but above all, they have opened an important door for our understanding of immune and tumor cell communication. This dialog is largely due to onco-miR transfer from tumor cells to cells of the tumor microenvironment by exosome. This review outlines recent advances regarding the role of oncomiRs in enhancing cancer and how they modulate the cancer-related immune response in the tumor immune microenvironment.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of noncoding RNA that are important posttranscriptional regulators of messenger RNA (mRNA) translation into proteins. By regulating gene expression, miRNAs enhance or inhibit cancer development and participate in several cancer biological processes, including proliferation, invasion metastasis, angiogenesis, chemoresistance and immune escape. Consistent with their widespread effects, miRNAs have been categorized as oncogenes (oncomiRs) or tumor suppressor (TS) miRNAs. MiRNAs that promote tumor growth, called oncomiRs, inhibit messenger RNAs of TS genes and are therefore overexpressed in cancer. In contrast, TS miRNAs inhibit oncogene messenger RNAs and are therefore underexpressed in cancer. Endogenous miRNAs regulate different cellular pathways in all cell types. Therefore, they are not only key modulators in cancer cells but also in the cells constituting their microenvironments. Recently, it was shown that miRNAs are also involved in intercellular communication. Indeed, miRNAs can be transferred from one cell type to another where they regulate targeted gene expression. The primary carriers for the transfer of miRNAs from one cell to another are exosomes. Exosomes are currently considered the primary carriers for communication between the tumor and its surrounding stromal cells to support cancer progression and drive immune suppression. Exosome and miRNAs are seen by many as a hope for developing a new class of targeted therapy. This review outlines recent advances in understanding the role of oncomiRs in enhancing cancer and how they promote its aggressive characteristics and deeply discusses the role of oncomiRs in suppressing the anticancer immune response in its microenvironment. Additionally, further understanding the mechanism of oncomiR-related immune suppression will facilitate the use of miRNAs as biomarkers for impaired antitumor immune function, making them ideal immunotherapy targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Otmani
- Experimental Hematology Laboratory, Hematology Department, Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium
- Hematology Department, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Khalid Otmani,
| | - Redouane Rouas
- Hematology Department, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Hematological Cell Therapy Unit, Hematology Department, Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Lewalle
- Experimental Hematology Laboratory, Hematology Department, Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium
- Hematology Department, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Hematological Cell Therapy Unit, Hematology Department, Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Yang Y, Chen M, Qiu Y, Li X, Huang Y, Zhang W. The Apelin/APLNR system modulates tumor immune response by reshaping the tumor microenvironment. Gene X 2022; 834:146564. [PMID: 35598689 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Apelin is an endogenous ligand of the Apelin receptor (APLNR), a seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor, which is widely distributed in human tissue. The Apelin/APLNR system is involved in regulating several physiological and pathological processes. The Apelin expression is increased in a variety of cancer and the Apelin/APLNR system could regulate the development of tumors through mediating autophagy, apoptosis, pyroptosis, and other biological processes to regulate tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The Apelin/APLNR system also participates in immune response and immune regulation through PI3K-Akt, ERK-MAPK, and other signal pathways. The latest research points out that there is a negative regulatory relationship between APLNR and immune checkpoint PD-L1. In this review, we outline the significance of the Apelin/APLNR signaling pathway in tumorigenesis and its immune regulation. These endeavors provide new insights into the translational application of Apelin/APLNR in cancer and may contribute to the promotion of more effective treatments for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, PR China
| | - Meilin Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, PR China
| | - Yanbing Qiu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, PR China
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, PR China
| | - Yumei Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, PR China
| | - Wenling Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, PR China.
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11
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Costa AC, Santos JMO, Medeiros-Fonseca B, Oliveira PA, Bastos MMSM, Brito HO, Gil da Costa RM, Medeiros R. Characterizing the Inflammatory Microenvironment in K14-HPV16 Transgenic Mice: Mast Cell Infiltration and MicroRNA Expression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2216. [PMID: 35565345 PMCID: PMC9099850 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the etiologic agent of several types of cancer. Mast cells’ role as either a driving or opposing force for cancer progression remains controversial. MicroRNAs are dysregulated in several HPV-induced cancers, and can influence mast cell biology. The aim of this study was to evaluate mast cell infiltration and to identify microRNAs potentially regulating this process. Transgenic male mice (K14-HPV16; HPV+) and matched wild-type mice (HPV−) received 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) (or vehicle) over 17 weeks. Following euthanasia, chest skin and ear tissue samples were collected. Mast cell infiltration was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. MicroRNAs associated with mast cell infiltration were identified using bioinformatic tools. MicroRNA and mRNA relative expression was evaluated by RT-qPCR. Immunohistochemistry showed increased mast cell infiltration in HPV+ mice (p < 0.001). DMBA did not have any statistically significant influence on this distribution. Ear tissue of HPV+ mice showed increased mast cell infiltration (p < 0.01) when compared with chest skin samples. Additionally, reduced relative expression of miR-125b-5p (p = 0.008, 2−ΔΔCt = 2.09) and miR-223-3p (p = 0.013, 2−ΔΔCt = 4.42) seems to be associated with mast cell infiltration and increased expression of target gene Cxcl10. These results indicate that HPV16 may increase mast cell infiltration by down-regulating miR-223-3p and miR-125b-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra C. Costa
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.C.C.); (J.M.O.S.); (R.M.G.d.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Research Department of the Portuguese League against Cancer—Regional Nucleus of the North (Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro—Núcleo Regional do Norte), 4200-177 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana M. O. Santos
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.C.C.); (J.M.O.S.); (R.M.G.d.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Medeiros-Fonseca
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.M.-F.); (P.A.O.)
| | - Paula A. Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.M.-F.); (P.A.O.)
| | - Margarida M. S. M. Bastos
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Haissa O. Brito
- Postgraduate Programme in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Department of Morphology, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), and UFMA University Hospital (HUUFMA), São Luís 65080-805, Brazil;
| | - Rui M. Gil da Costa
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.C.C.); (J.M.O.S.); (R.M.G.d.C.)
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.M.-F.); (P.A.O.)
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Postgraduate Programme in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Department of Morphology, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), and UFMA University Hospital (HUUFMA), São Luís 65080-805, Brazil;
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.C.C.); (J.M.O.S.); (R.M.G.d.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Research Department of the Portuguese League against Cancer—Regional Nucleus of the North (Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro—Núcleo Regional do Norte), 4200-177 Porto, Portugal
- Virology Service, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Biomedical Research Center (CEBIMED), Faculty of Health Sciences of the Fernando Pessoa University, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
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12
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Abstract
Over the years, the engineering aspect of nanotechnology has been significantly exploited. Medical intervention strategies have been developed by leveraging existing molecular biology knowledge and combining it with nanotechnology tools to improve outcomes. However, little attention has been paid to harnessing the strengths of nanotechnology as a biological discovery tool. Fundamental understanding of controlling dynamic biological processes at the subcellular level is key to developing personalized therapeutic and diagnostic interventions. Single-cell analyses using intravital microscopy, expansion microscopy, and microfluidic-based platforms have been helping to better understand cell heterogeneity in healthy and diseased cells, a major challenge in oncology. Also, single-cell analysis has revealed critical signaling pathways and biological intracellular components with key biological functions. The physical manipulation enabled by nanotools can allow real-time monitoring of biological changes at a single-cell level by sampling intracellular fluid from the same cell. The formation of intercellular highways by nanotube-like structures has important clinical implications such as metastasis development. The integration of nanomaterials into optical and molecular imaging techniques has rendered valuable morphological, structural, and biological information. Nanoscale imaging unravels mechanisms of temporality by enabling the visualization of nanoscale dynamics never observed or measured between individual cells with standard biological techniques. The exceptional sensitivity of nanozymes, artificial enzymes, make them perfect components of the next-generation mobile diagnostics devices. Here, we highlight these impactful cancer-related biological discoveries enabled by nanotechnology and producing a paradigm shift in cancer research and oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Salvador-Morales
- Nanodelivery Systems and Devices Branch, Cancer Imaging Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Piotr Grodzinski
- Nanodelivery Systems and Devices Branch, Cancer Imaging Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
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13
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Hussen BM, Salihi A, Abdullah ST, Rasul MF, Hidayat HJ, Hajiesmaeili M, Ghafouri-Fard S. Signaling pathways modulated by miRNAs in breast cancer angiogenesis and new therapeutics. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 230:153764. [PMID: 35032831 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors by suppressing the expression of target genes, some of which are engaged in angiogenic signaling pathways directly or indirectly. Tumor development and metastasis are dependent on angiogenesis, and it is the main reason for the poor prognosis of cancer patients. New blood vessels are formed from pre-existing vessels when angiogenesis occurs. Thus, it is essential to develop primary tumors and the spread of cancer to surrounding tissues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs involved in various biological processes. They can bind to the 3'-UTR of their target genes and prevent them from expressing. MiRNAs control the activity of endothelial cells (ECs) through altering many biological pathways, which plays a key role in cancer progression and angiogenesis. Recent findings revealed that tumor-derived extracellular vesicles participated directly in the control of tumor angiogenesis by delivering miRNAs to ECs. miRNAs recently show great promise in cancer therapies to inhibit angiogenesis. In this study, we showed the miRNA-regulated signaling pathways in tumor angiogenesis with highlighting the anti-angiogenic therapy response and miRNA delivery methods that have been used to inhibit angiogenesis in both in vivo and in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Abbas Salihi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Sara Tharwat Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Fatih Rasul
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Science, Tishk International University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Hazha Jamal Hidayat
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mohammadreza Hajiesmaeili
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Kim SJ, Khadka D, Seo JH. Interplay between Solid Tumors and Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:882718. [PMID: 35707536 PMCID: PMC9189309 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.882718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, basic studies aimed at curing patients with cancer have been constantly evolving. A myriad of mechanistic studies on physiological changes and related factors in tumor growth and metastasis have been reported. Recently, several studies have been considerate to how tumors adapt to unfavorable environments, such as glucose deprivation, oxidative stress, hypoxic conditions, and immune responses. Tumors attempt to adapt to unfavorable environments with genetic or non-genetic changes, the alteration of metabolic signals, or the reconfiguration of their environment through migration to other organs. One of the distinct features in solid tumors is heterogeneity because their environments vary due to the characteristics of colony growth. For this reason, researchers are paying attention to the communication between growing tumors and neighboring environments, including stromal cells, immune cells, fibroblasts, and secreted molecules, such as proteins and RNAs. During cancer survival and progression, tumor cells undergo phenotype and molecular changes collectively referred to as cellular plasticity, which result from microenvironment signals, genetics and epigenetic alterations thereby contributing to tumor heterogeneity and therapy response. In this review, we herein discuss the adaptation process of tumors to adverse environments via communication with neighboring cells for overcoming unfavorable growth conditions. Understanding the physiology of these tumors and their communication with the tumor environment can help to develop promising tumor treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Jin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, and Kangwon Institute of Inclusive Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
- Global/Gangwon Innovative Biologics-Regional Leading Research Center (GIB-RLRC), Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Dipendra Khadka
- NADIANBIO Ltd., Wonkwang University, Business Incubation Center R201-1, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Jae Ho Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
- Sarcopenia Total Solution Center, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jae Ho Seo,
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15
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Dholariya S, Singh RD, Radadiya M, Parchwani D, Sharma G, Mir R. Role of the Tumor Microenvironment and the Influence of Epigenetics on the Tumor Microenvironment in Oral Carcinogenesis: Potential Implications. Crit Rev Oncog 2022; 27:47-64. [PMID: 37199302 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2022047088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer has become a significant problem throughout the world, particularly in countries that are still developing. Recent literature supports the contribution of components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the effect of epigenetic changes happening in the cells of the TME on oral cancer development and progression. In this review, we comprehensively examine the significance of TME in the development of OC along with the current understanding of the epigenetic modifications that regulate the TME and their cohesive impact on tumor traits and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Dholariya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Ragini D Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | | | - Rashid Mir
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University of Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tabuk, India
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16
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Host miRNA and immune cell interactions: relevance in nano-therapeutics for human health. Immunol Res 2021; 70:1-18. [PMID: 34716546 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-021-09247-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Around 2200 miRNA (microRNA) genes were found in the human genome. miRNAs are arranged in clusters within the genome and share the same transcriptional regulatory units. It has been revealed that approximately 50% of miRNAs elucidated in the genome are transcribed from non-protein-coding genes, and the leftover miRNAs are present in the introns of coding sequences. We are now approaching a stage in which miRNA diagnostics and therapies can be established confidently, and several commercial efforts are underway to carry these innovations from the bench to the clinic. MiRNAs control many of the significant cellular activities such as production, differentiation, growth, and metabolism. Particularly in the immune system, miRNAs have emerged as a crucial biological component during diseased state and homeostasis. miRNAs have been found to regulate inflammatory responses and autoimmune disorders. Moreover, each miRNA targets multiple genes simultaneously, making miRNAs promising tools as diagnostic biomarkers and as remedial targets. Still, one of the major obstacles in miRNA-based approaches is the achievement of specific and efficient systemic delivery of miRNAs. To overcome these challenges, nanoformulations have been synthesized to protect miRNAs from degradation and enhance cellular uptake. The current review deals with the miRNA-mediated regulation of the recruitment and activation of immune cells, especially in the tumor microenvironment, viral infection, inflammation, and autoimmunity. The nano-based miRNA delivery modes are also discussed here, especially in the context of immune modulation.
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17
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Lu T, Prakash J. Nanomedicine Strategies to Enhance Tumor Drug Penetration in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6313-6328. [PMID: 34552327 PMCID: PMC8450289 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s279192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant tumors with one of the worst survival rates due to its insidious onset and resistance to therapies. Most therapeutics show a desired anticancer effect in vitro; however, very poor efficacy in vivo because of the limited drug delivery and penetration into pancreatic tumors attributed to the abundance of the tumor stroma, ie, the fibrotic tumor microenvironment surrounding the cancer cells. For a better understanding of the challenges posed by the pancreatic tumor stroma, we outline the key features of the tumor microenvironment. Then we highlight major strategies used to tackle the challenges to improve drug penetration into the tumor and achieve enhanced efficacy (pre)clinically. Furthermore, we describe nanomedicine strategies to modulate the tumor stroma, degrade the extracellular matrix, and co-deliver multi-functional drugs, to improve the chemotherapeutics delivery and penetration into pancreatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lu
- Engineered Therapeutics Group, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jai Prakash
- Engineered Therapeutics Group, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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18
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Munir MT, Kay MK, Kang MH, Rahman MM, Al-Harrasi A, Choudhury M, Moustaid-Moussa N, Hussain F, Rahman SM. Tumor-Associated Macrophages as Multifaceted Regulators of Breast Tumor Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6526. [PMID: 34207035 PMCID: PMC8233875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women of Western countries and is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The breast tumor microenvironment contains immune cells, fibroblasts, adipocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, and extracellular matrix. Among these cells, macrophages or tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the major components of the breast cancer microenvironment. TAMs facilitate metastasis of the breast tumor and are responsible for poor clinical outcomes. High TAM density was also found liable for the poor prognosis of breast cancer. These observations make altering TAM function a potential therapeutic target to treat breast cancer. The present review summarizes the origin of TAMs, mechanisms of macrophage recruitment and polarization in the tumor, and the contributions of TAMs in tumor progression. We have also discussed our current knowledge about TAM-targeted therapies and the roles of miRNAs and exosomes in re-educating TAM function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliha Tabassum Munir
- Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.T.M.); (N.M.-M.)
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Matthew K. Kay
- Texas A&M University Health Sciences Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (M.K.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Min H. Kang
- Cancer Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
| | - Md Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al-Mouz 616, Oman;
| | - Mahua Choudhury
- Texas A&M University Health Sciences Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (M.K.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.T.M.); (N.M.-M.)
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Fazle Hussain
- Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al-Mouz 616, Oman;
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19
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Zhang Y, Meng H, Guo K. Inhibition of MicroRNA-302c on Stemness of Colon Cancer Stem Cells via the CARF/Wnt/β-Catenin Axis. Dig Dis Sci 2021; 66:1906-1915. [PMID: 32617772 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even though the relevance of microRNA (miR)-302c has been studied, little is known about its involvement in colon cancer (CC). AIMS Our aim here was to investigate the role of miR-302c in the cancer stem cells (CSCs) of CC. METHODS Firstly, the CSCs were screened out from cultured SW1116 and SW480 cells by flow cytometry, and the differentially expressed miRNAs in cell were obtained by microarray analysis. The expression of miR-302c, collaborator of ARF (CARF), and Wnt/β-catenin-related genes in CSCs was determined by means of RT-qPCR and Western blot. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was conducted to authenticate the binding relationship between miR-302c and CARF. Proliferation, migration, invasion, sphere formation as well as apoptosis of CSCs were assessed by cell counting kit-8, Transwell assay, sphere formation assay as well as flow cytometric analysis, respectively. The roles of miR-302c and CARF in tumor growth were determined in vivo. RESULTS The expression of miR-302c in CC cells was reduced versus that in normal cells. The overexpression of miR-302c weakened the stemness, proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities while induced apoptosis of CSCs in CC. Also, miR-302c reduced tumor size and weight in mice, accompanied with lowered CARF expression. The mechanistic analysis manifested that miR-302c bound to CARF and suppressed its expression and disrupted the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. CONCLUSION This study offers a novel characterization of miR-302c function in CSCs in CC, which may be beneficial to the development of capable therapeutic options for CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Caoxian People's Hospital, Development Zone, Fumin Avenue, Caoxian, 274400, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Caoxian People's Hospital, Development Zone, Fumin Avenue, Caoxian, 274400, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Caoxian People's Hospital, Development Zone, Fumin Avenue, Caoxian, 274400, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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20
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The Anticancer Effects of Flavonoids through miRNAs Modulations in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041212. [PMID: 33916931 PMCID: PMC8067583 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple- negative breast cancer (TNBC) incidence rate has regularly risen over the last decades and is expected to increase in the future. Finding novel treatment options with minimum or no toxicity is of great importance in treating or preventing TNBC. Flavonoids are new attractive molecules that might fulfill this promising therapeutic option. Flavonoids have shown many biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. In addition to their anticancer effects by arresting the cell cycle, inducing apoptosis, and suppressing cancer cell proliferation, flavonoids can modulate non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) function. Several preclinical and epidemiological studies indicate the possible therapeutic potential of these compounds. Flavonoids display a unique ability to change miRNAs' levels via different mechanisms, either by suppressing oncogenic miRNAs or activating oncosuppressor miRNAs or affecting transcriptional, epigenetic miRNA processing in TNBC. Flavonoids are not only involved in the regulation of miRNA-mediated cancer initiation, growth, proliferation, differentiation, invasion, metastasis, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), but also control miRNAs-mediated biological processes that significantly impact TNBC, such as cell cycle, immune system, mitochondrial dysregulation, modulating signaling pathways, inflammation, and angiogenesis. In this review, we highlighted the role of miRNAs in TNBC cancer progression and the effect of flavonoids on miRNA regulation, emphasizing their anticipated role in the prevention and treatment of TNBC.
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21
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Alshehri B. Plant-derived xenomiRs and cancer: Cross-kingdom gene regulation. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2408-2422. [PMID: 33911956 PMCID: PMC8071896 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) critically regulate several major intracellular and metabolic activities, including cancer evolution. Currently, increasing evidence indicates that exosome harbor and transport these miRNAs from donor cells to neighboring and distantly related recipient cells, often in a cross-species manner. Several studies have reported that plant-based miRNAs can be absorbed into the serum of humans, where they hinder the expression of human disease-related genes. Moreover, few recent studies have demonstrated the role of these xenomiRs in cancer development and progression. However, the cross-kingdom gene regulation hypothesis remains highly debatable, and many follow up studies fail to reproduce the same. There are reports that show no effect of plant-derived miRNAs on mammalian cancers. The foremost cause of this controversy remains the lack of reproducibility of the results. Here, we reassess the latest developments in the field of cross-kingdom transference of miRNAs, emphasizing on the role of the diet-based xenomiRs on cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bader Alshehri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Ma Y, Schröder DC, Nenkov M, Rizwan MN, Abubrig M, Sonnemann J, Murrieta-Coxca JM, Morales-Prieto DM, Westermann M, Gaßler N, Chen Y. Epithelial Membrane Protein 2 Suppresses Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Growth by Inhibition of MAPK Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2944. [PMID: 33799364 PMCID: PMC7999101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial membrane proteins (EMP1-3) are involved in epithelial differentiation and carcinogenesis. Dysregulated expression of EMP2 was observed in various cancers, but its role in human lung cancer is not yet clarified. In this study, we analyzed the expression of EMP1-3 and investigated the biological function of EMP2 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The results showed that lower expression of EMP1 was significantly correlated with tumor size in primary lung tumors (p = 0.004). Overexpression of EMP2 suppressed tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion, resulting in a G1 cell cycle arrest, with knockdown of EMP2 leading to enhanced cell migration, related to MAPK pathway alterations and disruption of cell cycle regulatory genes. Exosomes isolated from transfected cells were taken up by tumor cells, carrying EMP2-downregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) which participated in regulation of the tumor microenvironment. Our data suggest that decreased EMP1 expression is significantly related to increased tumor size in NSCLC. EMP2 suppresses NSCLC cell growth mainly by inhibiting the MAPK pathway. EMP2 might further affect the tumor microenvironment by regulating tumor microenvironment-associated miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Ma
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (Y.M.); (D.C.S.); (M.N.); (M.N.R.); (M.A.); (N.G.)
| | - Desiree Charlotte Schröder
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (Y.M.); (D.C.S.); (M.N.); (M.N.R.); (M.A.); (N.G.)
| | - Miljana Nenkov
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (Y.M.); (D.C.S.); (M.N.); (M.N.R.); (M.A.); (N.G.)
| | - Maryam Noor Rizwan
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (Y.M.); (D.C.S.); (M.N.); (M.N.R.); (M.A.); (N.G.)
| | - Mohamed Abubrig
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (Y.M.); (D.C.S.); (M.N.); (M.N.R.); (M.A.); (N.G.)
| | - Jürgen Sonnemann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany;
| | - José M. Murrieta-Coxca
- Placenta-Labor, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (J.M.M.-C.); (D.M.M.-P.)
| | - Diana M. Morales-Prieto
- Placenta-Labor, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (J.M.M.-C.); (D.M.M.-P.)
| | - Martin Westermann
- Electron Microscopy Center, Jena University Hospital, Ziegelmühlenweg 1, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| | - Nikolaus Gaßler
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (Y.M.); (D.C.S.); (M.N.); (M.N.R.); (M.A.); (N.G.)
| | - Yuan Chen
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (Y.M.); (D.C.S.); (M.N.); (M.N.R.); (M.A.); (N.G.)
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23
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Wu Y, Zhang C, Jiang K, Werner J, Bazhin AV, D'Haese JG. The Role of Stellate Cells in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Targeting Perspectives. Front Oncol 2021; 10:621937. [PMID: 33520728 PMCID: PMC7841014 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.621937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a gastrointestinal malignancy with a dismal clinical outcome. Accumulating evidence suggests that activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), the major producers of extracellular matrix (ECM), drive the severe stromal/desmoplastic reaction in PDAC. Furthermore, the crosstalk among PSCs, pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs) as well as other stroma cells can establish a growth-supportive tumor microenvironment (TME) of PDAC, thereby enhancing tumor growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance via various pathways. Recently, targeting stroma has emerged as a promising strategy for PDAC therapy, and several novel strategies have been proposed. The aim of our study is to give a profound review of the role of PSCs in PDAC progression and recent advances in stroma-targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kuirong Jiang
- Pancreas Center and Pancreas Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan G D'Haese
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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24
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Lee YT, Tan YJ, Falasca M, Oon CE. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Epigenetic Regulation and Therapeutic Intervention in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2949. [PMID: 33066013 PMCID: PMC7600259 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a heterogeneous population of cells in the solid tumour microenvironment. These cells are positively linked to breast cancer progression. Breast CAFs can be categorised into distinct subtypes according to their roles in breast carcinogenesis. Epigenetic modifications change gene expression patterns as a consequence of altered chromatin configuration and DNA accessibility to transcriptional machinery, without affecting the primary structure of DNA. Epigenetic dysregulation in breast CAFs may enhance breast cancer cell survival and ultimately lead to therapeutic resistance. A growing body of evidence has described epigenetic modulators that target histones, DNA, and miRNA as a promising approach to treat cancer. This review aims to summarise the current findings on the mechanisms involved in the epigenetic regulation in breast CAFs and discusses the potential therapeutic strategies via targeting these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeuan Ting Lee
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (Y.T.L.); (Y.J.T.)
| | - Yi Jer Tan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (Y.T.L.); (Y.J.T.)
| | - Marco Falasca
- Metabolic Signalling Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Chern Ein Oon
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (Y.T.L.); (Y.J.T.)
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25
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Orlandella FM, Mariniello RM, Mirabelli P, De Stefano AE, Iervolino PLC, Lasorsa VA, Capasso M, Giannatiempo R, Rongo M, Incoronato M, Messina F, Salvatore M, Soricelli A, Salvatore G. miR-622 is a novel potential biomarker of breast carcinoma and impairs motility of breast cancer cells through targeting NUAK1 kinase. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:426-437. [PMID: 32418991 PMCID: PMC7403386 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0884-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miR) has been proposed as non-invasive biomarkers for breast cancers. The aim of this study was to analyse the miR-622 level in the plasma and in tissues of breast cancer patients and to explore the role of miR-622 and its target, the NUAK1 kinase, in this context. METHODS miR-622 expression was analysed in plasma and in tissues samples of breast cancer patients by q-RT-PCR. Bioinformatics programs, luciferase assay, public dataset analysis and functional experiments were used to uncover the role of miR-622 and its target in breast cancer cells. RESULTS miR-622 is downregulated in plasma and in tissues of breast cancer patients respect to healthy controls and its downregulation is significantly associated with advanced grade and high Ki67 level. Modulation of miR-622 affects the motility phenotype of breast cancer cells. NUAK1 kinase is a functional target of miR-622, it is associated with poor clinical outcomes of breast cancer patients and is inversely correlated with miR-622 level. CONCLUSIONS miR-622/NUAK1 axis is deregulated in breast cancer patients and affects the motility phenotype of breast cancer cells. Importantly, miR-622 and NUAK1 hold promises as biomarkers and as targets for breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raffaela Mariarosaria Mariniello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Universita' degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Anna Elisa De Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Universita' degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Lucia Chiara Iervolino
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Avanzate, Universita' "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vito Alessandro Lasorsa
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Capasso
- IRCCS SDN, Via Emanuele Gianturco 113, 80143, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Maria Rongo
- IRCCS SDN, Via Emanuele Gianturco 113, 80143, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Soricelli
- IRCCS SDN, Via Emanuele Gianturco 113, 80143, Naples, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Universita' degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuliana Salvatore
- IRCCS SDN, Via Emanuele Gianturco 113, 80143, Naples, Italy. .,Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Universita' degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133, Naples, Italy. .,CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy.
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26
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The Interplay between MicroRNAs and the Components of the Tumor Microenvironment in B-Cell Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093387. [PMID: 32403283 PMCID: PMC7246984 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An increased focus is being placed on the tumorigenesis and contexture of tumor microenvironment in hematopoietic and solid tumors. Despite recent clinical revolutions in adoptive T-cell transfer approaches and immune checkpoint blockade, tumor microenvironment is a major obstacle to tumor regression in B-cell malignancies. A transcriptional alteration of coding and non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), has been widely demonstrated in the tumor microenvironment of B-cell malignancies. MiRNAs have been associated with different clinical-biological forms of B-cell malignancies and involved in the regulation of B lymphocyte development, maturation, and function, including B-cell activation and malignant transformation. Additionally, tumor-secreted extracellular vesicles regulate recipient cell functions in the tumor microenvironment to facilitate metastasis and progression by delivering miRNA contents to neighboring cells. Herein, we focus on the interplay between miRNAs and tumor microenvironment components in the different B-cell malignancies and its impact on diagnosis, proliferation, and involvement in treatment resistance.
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27
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HMGA1-Regulating microRNAs Let-7a and miR-26a are Downregulated in Human Seminomas. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21083014. [PMID: 32344629 PMCID: PMC7215726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21083014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent studies have underlined HMGA protein’s key role in the onset of testicular germ cell tumors, where HMGA1 is differently expressed with respect to the state of differentiation, suggesting its fine regulation as master regulator in testicular tumorigenesis. Several studies have highlighted that the HMGA1 transcript is strictly regulated by a set of inhibitory microRNAs. Thus, the aim of this study is to test whether HMGA1 overexpression in human seminomas may be induced by the deregulation of miR-26a and Let-7a—two HMGA1-targeting microRNAs. Methods: HMGA1 mRNA and Let-7a and miR-26a levels were measured in a seminoma dataset available in the Cancer Genome Atlas database and confirmed in a subset of seminomas by qRT-PCR and western blot. A TCam-2 seminoma cell line was then transfected with Let-7a and miR-26a and tested for proliferation and motility abilities. Results: an inverse correlation was found between the expression of miR-26a and Let-7a and HMGA1 expression levels in seminomas samples, suggesting a critical role of these microRNAs in HMGA1 levels regulation. Accordingly, functional studies showed that miR-26a and Let-7a inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion capabilities of the human seminoma derived cell line TCam-2. Conclusions: these data strongly support that the upregulation of HMGA1 levels occurring in seminoma is—at least in part—due to the downregulation of HMGA1-targeting microRNAs.
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28
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LRRC19-A Bridge between Selenium Adjuvant Therapy and Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma: A Study Based on Datamining. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11040440. [PMID: 32316597 PMCID: PMC7230350 DOI: 10.3390/genes11040440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most common and fatal subtype of renal cancer. Antagonistic associations between selenium and cancer have been reported in previous studies. Selenium compounds, as anti-cancer agents, have been reported and approved for clinical trials. The main active form of selenium in selenoproteins is selenocysteine (Sec). The process of Sec biosynthesis and incorporation into selenoproteins plays a significant role in biological processes, including anti-carcinogenesis. However, a comprehensive selenoprotein mRNA analysis in KIRC remains absent. In the present study, we examined all 25 selenoproteins and identified key selenoproteins, glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) and type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO1), with the associated prognostic biomarker leucine-rich repeat containing 19 (LRRC19) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We performed validations for the key gene expression levels by two individual clear cell renal cell carcinoma cohorts, GSE781 and GSE6344, datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Multivariate survival analysis demonstrated that low expression of LRRC19 was an independent risk factor for OS. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified tyrosine metabolism, metabolic pathways, peroxisome, and fatty acid degradation as differentially enriched with the high LRRC19 expression in KIRC cases, which are involved in selenium therapy of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. In conclusion, low expression of LRRC19 was identified as an independent risk factor, which will advance our understanding concerning the selenium adjuvant therapy of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
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29
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Lingling Z, Jiewei L, Li W, Danli Y, Jie Z, Wen L, Dan P, Lei P, Qinghua Z. Molecular regulatory network of PD-1/PD-L1 in non-small cell lung cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152852. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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30
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Aguilera-Rojas M, Sharbati S, Stein T, Einspanier R. Deregulation of miR-27a may contribute to canine fibroblast activation after coculture with a mast cell tumour cell line. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:802-816. [PMID: 32133790 PMCID: PMC7193169 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumour microenvironment comprises a diverse range of cells, including fibroblasts, immune cells and endothelial cells, along with extracellular matrix. In particular, fibroblasts are of significant interest as these cells are reprogrammed during tumorigenesis to become cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which in turn support cancer cell growth. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be involved in this intercellular crosstalk in humans. To assess whether miRNAs are also involved in the activation of fibroblasts in dogs, we cocultured primary canine skin fibroblasts with the canine mast cell tumour cell line C2 directly or with C2‐derived exosomes, and measured differential abundance of selected miRNAs. Expression of the CAF markers alpha‐smooth muscle actin (ACTA2) and stanniocalcin 1 confirmed the activation of our fibroblasts after coculture. We show that fibroblasts displayed significant downregulation of miR‐27a and let‐7 family members. These changes correlated with significant upregulation of predicted target mRNAs. Furthermore, RNA interference knockdown of miR‐27a revealed that cyclin G1 (CCNG1) exhibited negative correlation at the mRNA and protein level, suggesting that CCNG1 is a target of miR‐27a in canine fibroblasts and involved in their activation. Importantly, miR‐27a knockdown itself resulted in fibroblast activation, as demonstrated by the formation of ACTA2 filaments. In addition, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) was strongly induced in our fibroblasts when cocultured, indicating potential reciprocal signalling. Taken together, our findings are consistent with canine fibroblasts being reprogrammed into CAFs to further support cancer development and that downregulation of miR‐27a may play an important role in the tumour–microenvironment crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Aguilera-Rojas
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - Soroush Sharbati
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Stein
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Einspanier
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
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31
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Labbé M, Hoey C, Ray J, Potiron V, Supiot S, Liu SK, Fradin D. microRNAs identified in prostate cancer: Correlative studies on response to ionizing radiation. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:63. [PMID: 32293453 PMCID: PMC7087366 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most frequently diagnosed non-skin cancer in men and a leading cause of cancer-related death, understanding the molecular mechanisms that drive treatment resistance in prostate cancer poses a significant clinical need. Radiotherapy is one of the most widely used treatments for prostate cancer, along with surgery, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. However, inherent radioresistance of tumor cells can reduce local control and ultimately lead to poor patient outcomes, such as recurrence, metastasis and death. The underlying mechanisms of radioresistance have not been fully elucidated, but it has been suggested that miRNAs play a critical role. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression in every signaling pathway of the cell, with one miRNA often having multiple targets. By fine-tuning gene expression, miRNAs are important players in modulating DNA damage response, cell death, tumor aggression and the tumor microenvironment, and can ultimately affect a tumor’s response to radiotherapy. Furthermore, much interest has focused on miRNAs found in biofluids and their potential utility in various clinical applications. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on miRNA deregulation after irradiation and the associated functional outcomes, with a focus on prostate cancer. In addition, we discuss the utility of circulating miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers to diagnose, predict response to treatment, and prognosticate patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Labbé
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Christianne Hoey
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Ray
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincent Potiron
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Cancérologie de L'Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Stéphane Supiot
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Cancérologie de L'Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Stanley K Liu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto and Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Delphine Fradin
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.
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32
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Wang WJ, Wang H, Hua TY, Song W, Zhu J, Wang JJ, Huang YQ, Ding ZL. Establishment of a Prognostic Model Using Immune-Related Genes in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Genet 2020; 11:55. [PMID: 32158466 PMCID: PMC7052339 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent neoplasms worldwide, particularly in China. Immune-related genes (IRGs) and immune infiltrating lymphocytes play specific roles in tumor growth. Considering how important immunotherapy has become for HCC treatment in the past decade, our objective was to establish a prognostic model by screening survival-related IRGs in patients with HCC. Using edgeR, we identified differentially expressed IRGs (DEIRGs), DEmiRNAs, and DElncRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis of DEIRGs was performed to investigate the biological functions of IRGs via gene ontology annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. Protein-protein interaction and competing endogenous RNA networks were established using Cytoscape. Survival-associated IRGs were selected via univariate COX regression analysis, a The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) prognostic model and GSE76427 validation model were developed using multivariate COX regression analysis test by AIC (Akaike Information Criterion). We identified 116 DEIRGs in patients with HCC; the “cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction” pathway was found to be the most enriched pathway. Via the prognostic model helped us classify patients into high- and low-risk score groups based on overall survival (OS); high risk score was associated with worse OS, and a positive correlation was observed between the prognostic model and immune cell infiltration. To summarize, we established a prognostic model using survival-related IRGs that provides sufficient information for prognosis prediction and immunotherapy of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Wang
- Department of Radio-Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Oncology, Jining Cancer Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Ting-Yan Hua
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, China
| | - Yue-Qing Huang
- Department of General Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
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33
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Lin XJ, Liu H, Li P, Wang HF, Yang AK, Di JM, Jiang QW, Yang Y, Huang JR, Yuan ML, Xing ZH, Wei MN, Li Y, Shi Z, Ye J. miR-936 Suppresses Cell Proliferation, Invasion, and Drug Resistance of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Targets GPR78. Front Oncol 2020; 10:60. [PMID: 32117723 PMCID: PMC7011958 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) play important roles in tumor progression. miR-936 has been reported to suppress cell invasion and proliferation of glioma and non-small cell lung cancer. Nevertheless, the function of miR-936 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remains undiscovered. Hence, our study was to investigate the role of miR-936 in LSCC. In our present research, we have testified that miR-936 was substantially downregulated in LSCC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, miR-936 could inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion, and improve the sensitivity to doxorubicin and cisplatin of LSCC cells. Additionally, luciferase reporter assays were performed to confirm that GPR78 was a novel target of miR-936, and the protein expression of GPR78 was obviously inhibited by miR-936 in LSCC cells. In summary, our study indicates that the miR-936/GPR78 axis could be both a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target for LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Jun Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Feng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - An-Kui Yang
- Department of Head and Neck, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Ming Di
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Wei Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Rong Huang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Ling Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Hao Xing
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Ning Wei
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Shi
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Ye
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Orso F, Quirico L, Dettori D, Coppo R, Virga F, Ferreira LC, Paoletti C, Baruffaldi D, Penna E, Taverna D. Role of miRNAs in tumor and endothelial cell interactions during tumor progression. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 60:214-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Pan Z, Tian Y, Niu G, Cao C. Role of microRNAs in remodeling the tumor microenvironment (Review). Int J Oncol 2019; 56:407-416. [PMID: 31894326 PMCID: PMC6959460 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that are known to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNA expression is often deregulated in several human cancers, affecting the communication between tumor stroma and tumor cells, among other functions. Understanding the role of miRNAs in the tumor microenvironment is crucial for fully elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor progression and exploring novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The present review focused on the role of miRNAs in remodeling the tumor microenvironment, with an emphasis on their impact on tumor growth, metastasis and resistance to treatment, as well as their potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoji Pan
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Yiqing Tian
- Xinyi People's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221400, P.R. China
| | - Guoping Niu
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Chengsong Cao
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
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Liu W, Zhu M, Wang H, Wang W, Lu Y. Diffuse large B cell lymphoma‐derived extracellular vesicles educate macrophages to promote tumours progression by increasing PGC‐1β. Scand J Immunol 2019; 91:e12841. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Liu
- Department of Hematologic Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Guangzhou China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Mengyuan Zhu
- Department of Hematologic Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Guangzhou China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
- Department of Oncology The Seventh Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen University. Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Hematologic Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Guangzhou China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Weida Wang
- Department of Hematologic Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Guangzhou China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Hematologic Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Guangzhou China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou China
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Sato A, Fujita Y, Otsuka K, Sasaki A, Suzuki H, Matsumoto T, Sugai T. Differential expression of microRNAs in colorectal cancer: Different patterns between isolated cancer gland and stromal cells. Pathol Int 2019; 70:21-30. [PMID: 31750597 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in invasive tumor lesions, which involve cancer tissues mixed with stromal tissues, the differences in miRNA expression between cancer and stromal cells remain unclear. We selected 13 miRNAs and examined their differential expression patterns in cancer gland cells and surrounding stromal cells isolated from 24 colorectal cancer (CRC) specimens using a crypt isolation method. Although six miRNAs were upregulated in gland cells, only three were upregulated in the corresponding stromal cells, in the cancer compared with non-cancer specimens. Next, we examined the differences in miRNA expression between isolated cancer gland and stromal cells. Five miRNAs showed statistical differences in their cancer-related differential expression patterns between isolated cancer gland and stromal cells. We then compared these miRNA expression patterns in isolated cancer gland and stromal cells with those in fresh intact tumor tissues, consisting of cancer nests and stromal tissue, obtained from the 24 CRCs. The expression patterns of three miRNAs in the intact cancer tissue samples did not correspond with those in the isolated components. Identification of the expression patterns of miRNAs in both the cancer gland and stromal cell components of the tumor microenvironment greatly contributes to evaluating epigenetic regulation in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Sato
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate Prefecture, Japan
| | - Yasuko Fujita
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate Prefecture, Japan
| | - Koki Otsuka
- Department of Surgery, Iwate Medical University, Iwate Prefecture, Japan
| | - Akira Sasaki
- Department of Surgery, Iwate Medical University, Iwate Prefecture, Japan
| | - Hiromu Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takayuki Matsumoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate Prefecture, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Sugai
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate Prefecture, Japan
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Shi J, Tan S, Song L, Song L, Wang Y. LncRNA XIST knockdown suppresses the malignancy of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma through XIST/miRNA-148a-3p/ADAM17 pathway in vitro and in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 121:109620. [PMID: 31810117 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) X inactivate-specific transcript (XIST) has been verified as an oncogenic gene in human cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the role of XIST in NPC remains to be largely uncovered, as well as its underlying mechanism. METHODS Expression of XIST, miR-148a-3p and ADAM17 was detected using qPCR and western blot assay. Cell proliferation and apoptosis assay were measured with MTT and flow cytometry, separately. Migration and invasion abilities were examined by transwell assays. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was assessed by western blot analyzing levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin. The potential binding between miR-148a-3p and XIST/ADAM17 was validated by luciferase reporter assay, Ago2-RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down assay. Xenograft experiments were conducted to measure tumor growth. RESULTS XIST was upregulated and miR-148a-3p was downregulated in NPC tissues and cell lines. Both XIST knockdown and miR-148a-3p overexpression promoted apoptosis, suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of NPC cells in vitro. In addition, miR-148a-3p was validated as a target of XIST, and silencing of miR-148a-3p could reverse XIST knockdown-mediated functions in SUNE-1 and CNE2 cells. Furthermore, miR-148a-3p was identified to target ADAM17, and ectopic expression of ADAM17 could abate miR-148a-3p-induced effects as well. Notably, ADAM17 was downregulated by XIST knockdown through upregulating miR-148a-3p. In vivo, XIST knockdown resulted in a slower tumor growth. CONCLUSION Knockdown of XIST suppresses the malignant progression of NPC cells through targeting miR-148a-3p/ADAM17 axis both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 130021, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Shulian Tan
- Department of Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 130021, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Liangmei Song
- Department of Operation Room, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 130021, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Liangsong Song
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 130021, Jilin, Changchun, China.
| | - Yusheng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 130021, Jilin, Changchun, China
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Martinez VG, Munera-Maravilla E, Bernardini A, Rubio C, Suarez-Cabrera C, Segovia C, Lodewijk I, Dueñas M, Martínez-Fernández M, Paramio JM. Epigenetics of Bladder Cancer: Where Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Meet. Front Genet 2019; 10:1125. [PMID: 31850055 PMCID: PMC6902278 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common neoplasia of the urothelial tract. Due to its high incidence, prevalence, recurrence and mortality, it remains an unsolved clinical and social problem. The treatment of BC is challenging and, although immunotherapies have revealed potential benefit in a percentage of patients, it remains mostly an incurable disease at its advanced state. Epigenetic alterations, including aberrant DNA methylation, altered chromatin remodeling and deregulated expression of non-coding RNAs are common events in BC and can be driver events in BC pathogenesis. Accordingly, these epigenetic alterations are now being used as potential biomarkers for these disorders and are being envisioned as potential therapeutic targets for the future management of BC. In this review, we summarize the recent findings in these emerging and exciting new aspects paving the way for future clinical treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor G. Martinez
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Munera-Maravilla
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Bernardini
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Rubio
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristian Suarez-Cabrera
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Segovia
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iris Lodewijk
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Dueñas
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Martínez-Fernández
- Genomes & Disease Lab, CiMUS (Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jesus Maria Paramio
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
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Liu C, Ren S, Zhao S, Wang Y. LncRNA MALAT1/MiR-145 Adjusts IL-1β-Induced Chondrocytes Viability and Cartilage Matrix Degradation by Regulating ADAMTS5 in Human Osteoarthritis. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:1081-1092. [PMID: 31637891 PMCID: PMC6813144 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.11.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Accumulating evidence suggests that microRNA-145 (miR-145) plays an important role in osteoarthritis (OA), which is a chronic progressive joint disease. Long noncoding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) promotes metastasis in cancers and functions as a sponge for miR-145. However, the role of MALAT1/miR-145 in OA pathogenesis has not yet been elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of MALAT1 and miR-145 was examined by quantitative real-time PCR; the interaction between miR-145, MALAT1 and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) 5 was verified by luciferase reporter assay. Correlations among MALAT1, miR-145, and ADAMTS5 were analyzed by Spearman rank analysis. Chondrocytes viability and cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation were investigated with cell viability assay and Western blotting analyzing expression of ADAMTS5, collagen type 2 alpha 1 (COL2A1), aggrecan (ACAN), and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). RESULTS MALAT1 was upregulated, and miR-145 was downregulated in OA samples and IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. Mechanically, miR-145 could directly bind to MALAT1 and ADAMTS5. Moreover, miR-145 expression was negatively correlated with MALAT1 and ADAMTS5 expression in OA patients, whereas MALAT1 and ADAMTS5 expression was positively correlated. Functionally, overexpression of MALAT1 inhibited chondrocyte viability and promoted cartilage ECM degradation in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. In support thereof, MALAT1 silencing and miR-145 upregulation exerted the opposite effect in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. Moreover, the effect of MALAT1 was counteracted by miR-145 upregulation, and ADAMTS5 restoration could abate miR-145 effects. CONCLUSION An MALAT1/miR-145 axis contributes to ECM degradation in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes through targeting ADAMTS5, suggesting that MALAT1/miR-145/ADAMTS5 signaling may underlie human OA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyao Liu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital of Ji'nan City (Zhangqiu People's Hospital affiliated to Jining Medical University), Shandong, China
| | - Shan Ren
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital of Ji'nan City (Zhangqiu People's Hospital affiliated to Jining Medical University), Shandong, China
| | - Shifeng Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Ji'nan City (Zhangqiu People's Hospital affiliated to Jining Medical University), Shandong, China
| | - Yandong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Forth Hospital of Yulin (Xingyuan Hospital), West Yulin, Shaanxi, China.
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MicroRNAs Contribute to Breast Cancer Invasiveness. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111361. [PMID: 31683635 PMCID: PMC6912645 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer statistics in 2018 highlight an 8.6 million incidence in female cancers, and 4.2 million cancer deaths globally. Moreover, breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy in females and twenty percent of these develop metastasis. This provides only a small chance for successful therapy, and identification of new molecular markers for the diagnosis and prognostic prediction of metastatic disease and development of innovative therapeutic molecules are therefore urgently required. Differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancers cause multiple changes in the expression of the tumorigenesis-promoting genes which have mostly been investigated in breast cancers. Herein, we summarize recent data on breast cancer-specific miRNA expression profiles and their participation in regulating invasive processes, in association with changes in cytoskeletal structure, cell-cell adhesion junctions, cancer cell-extracellular matrix interactions, tumor microenvironments, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions and cancer cell stem abilities. We then focused on the epigenetic regulation of individual miRNAs and their modified interactions with other regulatory genes, and reviewed the function of miRNA isoforms and exosome-mediated miRNA transfer in cancer invasiveness. Although research into miRNA’s function in cancer is still ongoing, results herein contribute to improved metastatic cancer management.
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42
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Epigenetic Regulation of Inflammatory Cytokine-Induced Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Cell Transition and Cancer Stem Cell Generation. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101143. [PMID: 31557902 PMCID: PMC6829508 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The neoplastic transformation of normal to metastatic cancer cells is a complex multistep process involving the progressive accumulation of interacting genetic and epigenetic changes that alter gene function and affect cell physiology and homeostasis. Epigenetic changes including DNA methylation, histone modifications and changes in noncoding RNA expression, and deregulation of epigenetic processes can alter gene expression during the multistep process of carcinogenesis. Cancer progression and metastasis through an ‘invasion–metastasis cascade’ involving an epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition (EMT), the generation of cancer stem cells (CSCs), invasion of adjacent tissues, and dissemination are fueled by inflammation, which is considered a hallmark of cancer. Chronic inflammation is generated by inflammatory cytokines secreted by the tumor and the tumor-associated cells within the tumor microenvironment. Inflammatory cytokine signaling initiates signaling pathways leading to the activation of master transcription factors (TFs) such as Smads, STAT3, and NF-κB. Moreover, the same inflammatory responses also activate EMT-inducing TF (EMT-TF) families such as Snail, Twist, and Zeb, and epigenetic regulators including DNA and histone modifying enzymes and micoRNAs, through complex interconnected positive and negative feedback loops to regulate EMT and CSC generation. Here, we review the molecular regulatory feedback loops and networks involved in inflammatory cytokine-induced EMT and CSC generation.
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43
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Jiang Y, Xu C, Leung W, Lin M, Cai X, Guo H, Zhang J, Yang F. Role of Exosomes in Photodynamic Anticancer Therapy. Curr Med Chem 2019; 27:6815-6824. [PMID: 31533597 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190918122221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a promising alternative treatment for malignancies based on photochemical reaction induced by Photosensitizers (PS) under light irradiation. Recent studies show that PDT caused the abundant release of exosomes from tumor tissues. It is well-known that exosomes as carriers play an important role in cell-cell communication through transporting many kinds of bioactive molecules (e.g. lipids, proteins, mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA). Therefore, to explore the role of exosomes in photodynamic anticancer therapy has been attracting significant attention. In the present paper, we will briefly introduce the basic principle of PDT and exosomes, and focus on discussing the role of exosomes in photodynamic anticancer therapy, to further enrich and boost the development of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease,
School of Pharmaceutical Science & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University,
Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Chuanshan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease,
School of Pharmaceutical Science & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University,
Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Wingnang Leung
- Division of Chinese Medicine, School of Professional and Continuing Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Mei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease,
School of Pharmaceutical Science & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University,
Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Xiaowen Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease,
School of Pharmaceutical Science & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University,
Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Huanhuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease,
School of Pharmaceutical Science & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University,
Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Jiyong Zhang
- Shenzhen Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shenzhen 518017, China
| | - Fanwen Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
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Li X, Luo F, Li J, Luo C. MiR-183 delivery attenuates murine lupus nephritis-related injuries via targeting mTOR. Scand J Immunol 2019; 90:e12810. [PMID: 31325389 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in the occurrence and development of many human diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies against nuclear antigens and multiorgan involvement. Study of miRNAs involved in SLE provides new insights into the pathogenesis of SLE and might lead to the identification of new therapeutic interventions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of miR-183 injection on the progression of SLE by using MRL/lpr mouse model. The expression levels of miR-183 and mTOR mRNA were detected by quantitative real-time PCR assay. The effect of miR-183 on the course of spontaneous disease progression in the MRL/lpr mice was examined by intraperitoneal injection of miR-183 into mice and followed by monitoring lifespan, anti-dsDNA antibody levels, urinary albumin levels, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, and Tregs and Th17 cell population. We found that miR-183 injection resulted in reduction of anti-DNA antibody and immune complex component levels, restoration of Tregs and Th17 cell population and prolongation of survival. Our findings suggest that miR-183 injection may serve as an effective therapeutic treatment for delaying or easing pathologic features of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhen Li
- Department of Nephrology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Feng Luo
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Nephrology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Congjuan Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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45
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Garza Treviño EN, González PD, Valencia Salgado CI, Martinez Garza A. Effects of pericytes and colon cancer stem cells in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:173. [PMID: 31303863 PMCID: PMC6604392 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0888-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one type of tumor with the highest frequency and mortality worldwide. Although current treatments increase patient survival, it is important to detect CRC in early stages; however, most CRC, despite responding favorably to treatment, develop resistance and present recurrence, a situation that will inevitably lead to death. In recent years, it has been shown that the main reason for drug resistance is the presence of colon cancer stem cells (CSC). Pericytes are also capable of tumor homing and are important cellular components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), contributing to the formation of vessels and promoting metastasis; however, they have not been considered very important as a therapeutic target in cancer. In this review, we highlight the contribution of pericytes and cancer stem cells to some classical hallmarks of cancer, namely, tumor angiogenesis, growth, metastasis, and evasion of immune destruction, and discuss therapies targeting pericytes and cancer stem cells in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa N Garza Treviño
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Paulina Delgado González
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Carlos I Valencia Salgado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Martinez Garza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
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Mirzaaghaei S, Foroughmand AM, Saki G, Shafiei M. Combination of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate and Silibinin: A Novel Approach for Targeting Both Tumor and Endothelial Cells. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:8421-8430. [PMID: 31459931 PMCID: PMC6648523 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite promising benefits, anti-angiogenic strategies have revealed several drawbacks, which necessitate development of novel approaches in cancer therapy strategies including non-small-cell lung cancer, as one of the leading causes of cancer death, all over the world. Combination of flavonoids could be a safe and effective option to synergize their impact on mechanisms controlling tumor angiogenesis. In this study, we have investigated the plausible synergism of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and silibinin on endothelial cells, for the first time. Cell viability and migration were evaluated by survival and wound healing assays, respectively. Then, we assessed the expression of VEGF, VEGFR2, and miR-17-92 cluster using real-time polymerase chain reaction in endothelial-tumor cell and endothelial-fibroblast coculture models. EGCG ± silibinin suppressed endothelial and lung tumor cell migration in lower than 50% toxic doses. VEGF, VEGFR2, and pro-angiogenic members of the miR-17-92 cluster were downregulated upon treatments. Specifically, the combination treatment upregulated an anti-angiogenic member of the cluster, miR-19b. Our data provides evidence to utilize the EGCG and silibinin combination as a novel approach to target tumor angiogenesis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaye Mirzaaghaei
- Department
of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahid
Chamran University of Ahvaz, Golestan Boulevard, Ahvaz 6135783151, Iran
| | - Ali M. Foroughmand
- Department
of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahid
Chamran University of Ahvaz, Golestan Boulevard, Ahvaz 6135783151, Iran
| | - Ghasem Saki
- Department
of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 6135715794, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shafiei
- Department
of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahid
Chamran University of Ahvaz, Golestan Boulevard, Ahvaz 6135783151, Iran
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47
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Mun B, Jang E, Han S, Son HY, Choi Y, Huh YM, Haam S. Efficient Self-Assembled MicroRNA Delivery System Consisting of Cholesterol-Conjugated MicroRNA and PEGylated Polycationic Polymer for Tumor Treatment. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:2219-2228. [PMID: 35030660 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR), a key molecule involved in endogenous RNA interference, is a promising therapeutic agent. In vivo delivery of miR, however, is a major factor limiting its application because its polyanionic nature and vulnerability to breakdown make delivery of miR to targeted lesions difficult. To overcome these challenges, we developed a self-assembled miR delivery system consisting of cholesterol-conjugated miR and polyethylene glycol-grafted polyethylene imine. Nanosized complexes of miR with polyethylene imine, which protected miR and its delivery into targeted lesions in vivo, were successfully synthesized by polyethylene glycol grafting. The hydrophobicity of cholesterol improved the structural stability of the complex, preventing the loss of miR. Here, we report the preparation of this self-assembled complex. We examined the delivery efficiency and validated the therapeutic efficacy of the complex. In conclusion, our miR delivery system shows considerable potential for effective in vivo delivery of miR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeonggeol Mun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Jang
- MediBio-Informatics Research Center, Novomics Co. Ltd., Seoul 07217, Korea
| | - Seungmin Han
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Young Son
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.,YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuna Choi
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Min Huh
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.,YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute(SBSI), Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjoo Haam
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
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48
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Liu M, Song W, Huang L. Drug delivery systems targeting tumor-associated fibroblasts for cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Lett 2019; 448:31-39. [PMID: 30731107 PMCID: PMC10859225 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Solid tumors especially desmoplastic tumors are complex organ-like structures. Tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs), one type of the stromal cells, support the initiation, progression, and metastasis of carcinomas. TAFs also contribute to immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and hinder T lymphocytes in killing tumors. Here, the role of TAFs in TME is discussed. In specific, TAFs form barriers for the penetration of T lymphocytes. TAFs also act as negative regulators for T lymphocytes. These findings suggest that targeting TAFs is a promising strategy for improving cancer immunotherapy. Our previous studies have indicated the ability of therapeutic nanoparticles to distribute into, and deplete or inactivate TAFs. This approach is discussed in the context of developing specific and effective immunotherapies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengrui Liu
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27559, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Collage of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Wantong Song
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27559, USA.
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49
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Monteleone NJ, Moore AE, Iacona JR, Lutz CS, Dixon DA. miR-21-mediated regulation of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase in colon cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5405. [PMID: 30931980 PMCID: PMC6443653 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41862-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels are observed in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and this increase is associated with poor prognosis. Increased synthesis of PGE2 in CRC has been shown to occur through COX-2-dependent mechanisms; however, loss of the PGE2-catabolizing enzyme, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH, HPGD), in colonic tumors contributes to increased prostaglandin levels and poor patient survival. While loss of 15-PGDH can occur through transcriptional mechanisms, we demonstrate that 15-PGDH can be additionally regulated by a miRNA-mediated mechanism. We show that 15-PGDH and miR-21 are inversely correlated in CRC patients, with increased miR-21 levels associating with low 15-PGDH expression. 15-PGDH can be directly regulated by miR-21 through distinct sites in its 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR), and miR-21 expression in CRC cells attenuates 15-PGDH and promotes increased PGE2 levels. Additionally, epithelial growth factor (EGF) signaling suppresses 15-PGDH expression while simultaneously enhancing miR-21 levels. miR-21 inhibition represses CRC cell proliferation, which is enhanced with EGF receptor (EGFR) inhibition. These findings present a novel regulatory mechanism of 15-PGDH by miR-21, and how dysregulated expression of miR-21 may contribute to loss of 15-PGDH expression and promote CRC progression via increased accumulation of PGE2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Monteleone
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University - School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | | | - Joseph R Iacona
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University - School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Carol S Lutz
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University - School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
| | - Dan A Dixon
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA. .,Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA.
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50
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The Roles of MicroRNA in Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071611. [PMID: 30935143 PMCID: PMC6480472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most devastating malignancy in the world. Beyond genetic research, epigenomic studies—especially investigations of microRNAs—have grown rapidly in quantity and quality in the past decade. This has enriched our understanding about basic cancer biology and lit up the opportunities for potential therapeutic development. In this review, we summarize the involvement of microRNAs in lung cancer carcinogenesis and behavior, by illustrating the relationship to each cancer hallmark capability, and in addition, we briefly describe the clinical applications of microRNAs in lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Finally, we discuss the potential therapeutic use of microRNAs in lung cancer.
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