1
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Anazco D, Acosta A, Cathcart-Rake EJ, D'Andre SD, Hurtado MD. Weight-centric prevention of cancer. OBESITY PILLARS 2024; 10:100106. [PMID: 38495815 PMCID: PMC10943063 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Background The link between excess adiposity and carcinogenesis has been well established for multiple malignancies, and cancer is one of the main contributors to obesity-related mortality. The potential role of different weight-loss interventions on cancer risk modification has been assessed, however, its clinical implications remain to be determined. In this clinical review, we present the data assessing the effect of weight loss interventions on cancer risk. Methods In this clinical review, we conducted a comprehensive search of relevant literature using MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for relevant studies from inception to January 20, 2024. In this clinical review, we present systematic reviews and meta-analysis, randomized clinical trials, and prospective and retrospective observational studies that address the effect of different treatment modalities for obesity in cancer risk. In addition, we incorporate the opinions from experts in the field of obesity medicine and oncology regarding the potential of weight loss as a preventative intervention for cancer. Results Intentional weight loss achieved through different modalities has been associated with a reduced cancer incidence. To date, the effect of weight loss on the postmenopausal women population has been more widely studied, with multiple reports indicating a protective effect of weight loss on hormone-dependent malignancies. The effect of bariatric interventions as a protective intervention for cancer has been studied extensively, showing a significant reduction in cancer incidence and mortality, however, data for the effect of bariatric surgery on certain specific types of cancer is conflicting or limited. Conclusion Medical nutrition therapy, exercise, antiobesity medication, and bariatric interventions, might lead to a reduction in cancer risk through weight loss-dependent and independent factors. Further evidence is needed to better determine which population might benefit the most, and the amount of weight loss required to provide a clinically significant preventative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Anazco
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andres Acosta
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Maria D. Hurtado
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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2
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Kataria Y, Niharika Pillalamarri B, Zirpoli G, Szalat R, Palmer JR, Bertrand KA. Body size and risk of multiple myeloma in the Black Women's Health Study. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:830-835. [PMID: 38212484 PMCID: PMC10912597 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02571-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is an established risk factor for multiple myeloma (MM). Relatively few prior studies, however, have evaluated associations in Black populations. METHODS Among 55,276 participants in the Black Women's Health Study, a prospective U.S. cohort established in 1995, we confirmed 292 incident diagnoses of MM over 26 years of follow-up. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for age and putative MM risk factors, were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations of usual body mass index (BMI), BMI at age 18, height, and waist-to-hip ratio with MM. RESULTS Compared to women with a usual adult BMI < 25 kg/m2, the HR associated with a usual adult BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 was 1.38 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.98). For early adult BMI, the HR comparing women with BMI ≥ 25 vs. <25 kg/m2 was 1.57 (95% CI: 1.08, 2.28). Women who were heavy in both early and later life had the highest risk compared to those who were lean at both time points (HR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.52). Height was also associated with the risk of MM; the HR per 10 cm was 1.21 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.43). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that high early adult BMI is associated with a 57% increased risk of MM in Black women and potentially highlight the importance of weight control as a preventive measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachana Kataria
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Gary Zirpoli
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raphael Szalat
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly A Bertrand
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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3
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Malek E, Kort J, Metheny L, Fu P, Li G, Hari P, Efebera Y, Callander NS, Qazilbash MH, Giralt S, Krishnan A, Stadtmauer EA, Lazarus HM. Impact of Visceral Obesity on Clinical Outcome and Quality of Life for Patients with Multiple Myeloma: A Secondary Data Analysis of STaMINA (BMT CTN 0702) Trial. Transplant Cell Ther 2024:S2666-6367(24)00056-3. [PMID: 38244697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2024.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a common health problem in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) that has been linked to poor clinical outcomes and quality of life (QoL). We conducted a secondary analysis of the BMT CTN 0702, a randomized, controlled trial comparing outcomes of 3 treatment interventions after a single hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) (n = 758), to investigate the impact of visceral obesity, as measured by waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), on clinical outcomes and QoL in MM patients. A total of 549 MM patients, median age 55.5 years, were enrolled in the study. The majority of patients received triple-drug antimyeloma initial therapy before enrollment, and 29% had high-risk disease according to cytogenetic assessment. The median duration of follow-up was 6 years. There was no significant association between WHR and progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) in MM patients undergoing HCT. Similarly, body mass index (BMI) did not significantly predict PFS or OS. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between WHR and QoL measures. This study suggests that visceral obesity, as measured by WHR, might not have a significant impact on clinical outcomes in MM patients undergoing HCT. These findings add to the existing literature on the topic and provide valuable information for healthcare professionals and MM patients. Further studies are needed to confirm these results and to investigate other potential factors that may affect clinical outcomes and QoL in this patient population using modern imaging technologies to assess visceral obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Malek
- Adult Hematologic Malignancies & Stem Cell Transplant Section, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio; Case Western Reserve Univeristy, School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Jeries Kort
- Adult Hematologic Malignancies & Stem Cell Transplant Section, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Leland Metheny
- Adult Hematologic Malignancies & Stem Cell Transplant Section, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio; Case Western Reserve Univeristy, School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Pingfu Fu
- Case Western Reserve Univeristy, School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Gen Li
- Case Western Reserve Univeristy, School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Parameswaran Hari
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Yvonne Efebera
- Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Natalie S Callander
- Carbone Cancer Center Bone Marrow Transplant Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Muzaffar H Qazilbash
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sergio Giralt
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Amrita Krishnan
- City of Hope, Hematology Oncology Division, Duarte, California
| | - Edward A Stadtmauer
- Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Abramson Cancer Center and the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hillard M Lazarus
- Case Western Reserve Univeristy, School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
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4
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Tavakkoli M, Barta SK. 2024 Update: Advances in the risk stratification and management of large B-cell lymphoma. Am J Hematol 2023; 98:1791-1805. [PMID: 37647158 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.27075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous disease with varying clinical outcomes. Our understanding of its molecular makeup continues to improve risk stratification, and artificial-intelligence and ctDNA-based analyses have the potential to enhance risk assessment and disease monitoring. R-CHOP and Pola-R-CHP are used in the frontline setting; chimeric antigen receptor therapy (CART) is now the new standard-of-care for most with primary refractory disease; both CART and autologous stem cell transplantation are utilized in the relapsed and refractory setting. In this review, we summarize the classification and management of DLBCL with an emphasis on recent advances in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montreh Tavakkoli
- Department of Hematology Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stefan K Barta
- Department of Hematology Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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5
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Choa R, Panaroni C, Bhatia R, Raje N. It is worth the weight: obesity and the transition from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to multiple myeloma. Blood Adv 2023; 7:5510-5523. [PMID: 37493975 PMCID: PMC10515310 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The overweight/obesity epidemic is a serious public health concern that affects >40% of adults globally and increases the risk of numerous chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and various cancers. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a lymphohematopoietic cancer caused by the uncontrolled clonal expansion of plasma cells. Recent studies have shown that obesity is a risk factor not only for MM but also monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), a precursor disease state of MM. Furthermore, obesity may promote the transition from MGUS to MM. Thus, in this review, we summarize the epidemiological evidence regarding the role of obesity in MM and MGUS, discuss the biologic mechanisms that drive these disease processes, and detail the obesity-targeted pharmacologic and lifestyle interventions that may reduce the risk of progression from MGUS to MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Choa
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Cristina Panaroni
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Roma Bhatia
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Noopur Raje
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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6
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Malek E, Kort J, Metheny L, Fu P, Hari P, Li G, Efebera Y, Callander N, Qazilbash M, Giralt S, Krishnan A, Stadtmauer E, Lazarus H. Impact of Visceral Obesity on Clinical Outcome and Quality of Life for Patients with Multiple Myeloma: A Secondary Data Analysis of STaMINA (BMT CTN 0702) Trial. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3318127. [PMID: 37790413 PMCID: PMC10543370 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3318127/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a common health problem among multiple myeloma (MM) patients, and it has been linked to poor clinical outcomes and quality of life (QOL). We conducted a secondary analysis of the BMT CTN 0702, a randomized, controlled trial comparing outcomes of three treatment interventions after a single hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT), to investigate the impact of visceral obesity, as measured by waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), on clinical outcomes and QOL in MM patients. 549 MM patients, median age 55.5 years, were enrolled in the study. The majority of patients received triple-drug antimyeloma initial therapy before enrollment, and 29% had high-risk disease according to cytogenetic assessment. The median follow-up time was six years. There was no significant association between WHR and progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) in MM patients undergoing HCT. Similarly, body mass index (BMI) did not significantly predict PFS or OS. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between WHR and QOL measures. In conclusion, this study suggests that visceral obesity, as measured by WHR, may not significantly impact clinical outcomes in MM patients undergoing HCT. Further studies utilizing imaging technologies to assess the impact of visceral obesity distribution are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Malek
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University
| | - Jeries Kort
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University
| | - Leland Metheny
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University
| | | | | | - Gen Li
- Case Western Reserve University
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7
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Bilgihan MT, Ciftciler R. The Effect of Obesity and Body Mass Index on Hematologic Malignancies. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2023; 21:353-361. [PMID: 37410513 DOI: 10.1089/met.2023.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A thorough examination of the available literature has revealed a well-established association of obesity and high body mass index (BMI) with an increased risk of various types of cancers, including hematologic malignancies. Specifically, the studies reviewed indicate a clear correlation between obesity and an increased risk of leukemias, lymphomas, multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndrome, and myeloproliferative diseases. Despite the established association of obesity and high BMI with hematologic malignancies, the underlying mechanisms remain largely undetermined. The development of hematologic malignancies may be influenced by several mechanisms associated with obesity and high BMI, including chronic inflammation, hormonal imbalances, adiposopathies, and metabolic dysregulation. Furthermore, there is mounting evidence indicating that obesity and high BMI may have a negative impact on the response to treatment and overall survival in patients with hematologic malignancies. This article aims to increase awareness and summarize the current state of research on the impact of obesity on hematologic malignancies, including the mechanisms by which obesity may influence the development and progression of these diseases. In addition, the current review highlights the need for effective weight management strategies in patients with hematologic malignancies to improve outcomes and mitigate the risk of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafiye Ciftciler
- Department of Hematology, Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
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8
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Sumransub N, Cao Q, Juckett M, Betts B, Holtan S, Jurdi NE, Hu M, Allred J, Assi R, Maakaron JE. Sarcopenia Predicts Inferior Progression-Free Survival in Lymphoma Patients Treated with Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Transplant Cell Ther 2023; 29:263.e1-263.e7. [PMID: 36682471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2023.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) improves survival for patients with chemotherapy-sensitive lymphoma. Validated scoring systems are used in the clinical setting to predict treatment toxicity and survival; however, complications related to disease and treatment still occur, highlighting challenges in optimal patient selection and the need for novel predictors. Analysis of body composition and muscle mass can provide an objective assessment to identify vulnerable populations, as sarcopenia and frailty have been reported to predict outcomes in other tumor types. In this retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing ASCT for lymphoma, we investigated associations of sarcopenia with clinically significant outcomes, including overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Computed tomography (CT) images of 78 patients obtained routinely pretransplantation were used to assess skeletal muscle mass and are reported as skeletal muscle index (SMI). OS, PFS, and clinical outcomes of interest were compared between groups. Twenty-seven patients (34.6%) in the cohort met the criteria for sarcopenia. Patients with sarcopenia had a significantly shorter 3-year PFS (59% [95% confidence interval (CI), 38% to 75%] versus 84% [95% CI, 71% to 92%]; P = .02) after 3 years of follow up, whereas there was no difference in OS between patients with and those without sarcopenia (78% [95% CI, 57% to 89%] versus 88% [95% CI, 76% to 95%]; P = .25). Interestingly, no difference in survival was found with stratification based on the Karnofsky Performance Scale or Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation-Specific Comorbidity Index. There also were no significant between-group differences in length of hospital stay and the incidences of other clinical outcomes of interest, including febrile neutropenia, mucositis, total parenteral nutrition requirement, acute kidney injury, rate of readmission, or intensive care unit admission. This is the first study to our knowledge to correlate sarcopenia with disease control and PFS after ASCT in lymphoma. Possible explanations include a higher rate of chemotherapy-related toxicity, leading to disruptions of treatment as well as dysfunction of antitumor immunity secondary to impaired regulations from myokines from the loss of muscle mass or an unknown cause that is yet to be elucidated. Physical therapy programs and personalized regimens for treatment based on the analysis of body composition indices can be further studied and implemented to mitigate treatment-related toxicity and to optimize survival in patients with sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qing Cao
- Biostatistics and Informatics, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Mark Juckett
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Brian Betts
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Shernan Holtan
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Najla El Jurdi
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Marie Hu
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jeremy Allred
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Rita Assi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Joseph E Maakaron
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
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9
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Tentolouris A, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Terpos E. Obesity and multiple myeloma: emerging mechanisms and perspectives. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 92:45-60. [PMID: 37030643 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a global pandemic that has been associated with the development of breast, endometrial, large intestine, renal, esophageal, and pancreatic cancer. Obesity is also involved in the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recently, an increase in the incidence of obesity-related cancers has been reported. Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy, after lymphoma. The aim of this review is to examine the epidemiological data on obesity and MM, assess the effect of obesity on MM outcomes, evaluate the possible mechanisms through which obesity might increase the incidence of MM and provide the effects of obesity management on MM. Current evidence indicates that obesity may have an impact on the progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) to MM and increase the prevalence of MM. However, data regarding the effect of obesity on MGUS incidence are controversial; further studies are needed to examine whether obesity affects the development of MGUS or the progression of MGUS to MM. In addition, obesity affects MM outcomes. Increased BMI is associated with decreased survival in patients with MM, while data regarding the effect of obesity on newly diagnosed MM subjects and autologous stem cell transplantation are limited. Interestingly, the obesity paradox may also apply to patients with relapsed/refractory MM who are overweight or obese, because they may have a survival advantage. The pathophysiological pathways linking obesity to MM are very complicated and include bone marrow adipose tissue; adipokines, such as adiponectin, leptin, resistin, and visfatin; inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, such as TNF-α and IL-6; hormones including insulin and the insulin-like growth factor system as well as sex hormones. In terms of the effect of pharmacological management of obesity, orlistat has been shown to alter the proliferation of MM cells, whereas no data exist on glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, naltrexone/bupropion, or phentermine/topiramate. Bariatric surgery may be associated with a reduction in the incidence of MM, however, further studies are needed.
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10
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Geier DA, Geier MR. Urine glyphosate exposure and serum sex hormone disruption within the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination survey (NHANES). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 316:137796. [PMID: 36632954 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are one of the most commonly used herbicides worldwide. Numerous in vitro and in vivo model system studies have demonstrated endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) properties associated with glyphosate/GBH exposure. The present hypothesis-testing study evaluated the potential inverse dose-dependent relationship between increasing urinary glyphosate and decreasing concentrations of blood sex hormones. Demographic and newly available lab test data from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed with survey regression modeling (adjusted for age, gender, race, and country of birth) in Statistical Analysis System (SAS) software. A total of 225, 615, 858 weighted-persons (sample n = 2130 persons) were examined for concentrations of urinary glyphosate and serum sex hormones (including: total testosterone, total estradiol, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG)) among males and females, 6 years-old or older. This study revealed about 82% of the population of the United States examined had detectable urinary concentrations of glyphosate. A significant inverse correlation between concentrations of glyphosate and total estradiol and a trend towards an inverse correlation between concentrations of glyphosate and total testosterone were observed. Concentrations of SHBG and glyphosate did not correlate. Ratios of total testosterone:SHBG and total estradiol:SHBG (estimating the fraction of active sex hormones in the blood) were significantly inversely correlated with urinary concentrations of glyphosate. This epidemiological study associates widespread and ongoing glyphosate/GBH exposures with human endocrine-disruptions. Future studies should examine these phenomena in other databases and other endocrine-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Geier
- Institute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc, 14 Redgate Ct, Silver Spring, MD, 20905, USA
| | - Mark R Geier
- Institute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc, 14 Redgate Ct, Silver Spring, MD, 20905, USA.
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11
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Wang X, Guo W, Shi X, Chen Y, Yu Y, Du B, Tan M, Tong L, Wang A, Yin X, Guo J, Martin RC, Bai O, Li Y. S1PR1/S1PR3-YAP signaling and S1P-ALOX15 signaling contribute to an aggressive behavior in obesity-lymphoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:3. [PMID: 36600310 PMCID: PMC9814427 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess body weight has been found to associate with an increased risk of lymphomas and some metabolic pathways are currently recognized in lymphomagenesis. Bioactive lipid metabolites such as sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) have been proposed to play an important role linking obesity and lymphomas. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of S1P signaling in obesity-lymphomagenesis have not been well addressed. METHODS The gene expression of sphingosine kinase (SPHK), lymphoma prognosis, and S1P production were analyzed using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and human lymphoma tissue array. Obesity-lymphoma mouse models and lymphoma cell lines were used to investigate the S1P/SPHK-YAP axis contributing to obesity-lymphomagenesis. By using the mouse models and a monocyte cell line, S1P-mediated polarization of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment were investigated. RESULTS In human study, up-regulated S1P/SPHK1 was found in human lymphomas, while obesity negatively impacted progression-free survival and overall survival in lymphoma patients. In animal study, obesity-lymphoma mice showed an aggressive tumor growth pattern. Both in vivo and in vitro data suggested the existence of S1P-YAP axis in lymphoma cells, while the S1P-ALOX15 signaling mediated macrophage polarization towards TAMs exacerbated the lymphomagenesis. In addition, treatment with resveratrol in obesity-lymphoma mice showed profound effects of anti-lymphomagenesis, via down-regulating S1P-YAP axis and modulating polarization of macrophages. CONCLUSION S1P/S1PR initiated the feedback loops, whereby S1P-S1PR1/S1PR3-YAP signaling mediated lymphomagenesis contributing to tumor aggressive growth, while S1P-ALOX15 signaling mediated TAMs contributing to immunosuppressive microenvironment in obesity-lymphoma. S1P-targeted therapy could be potentially effective and immune-enhancive against obesity-lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingtong Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71. Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71. Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoju Shi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Youxi Yu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Beibei Du
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Min Tan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Li Tong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Anna Wang
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71. Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xianying Yin
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71. Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71. Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Robert C Martin
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Ou Bai
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71. Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 511 S Floyd ST MDR Bldg Rm326A, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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12
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Jiménez-Cortegana C, Hontecillas-Prieto L, García-Domínguez DJ, Zapata F, Palazón-Carrión N, Sánchez-León ML, Tami M, Pérez-Pérez A, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Vilariño-García T, de la Cruz-Merino L, Sánchez-Margalet V. Obesity and Risk for Lymphoma: Possible Role of Leptin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415530. [PMID: 36555171 PMCID: PMC9779026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, which is considered a pandemic due to its high prevalence, is a risk factor for many types of cancers, including lymphoma, through a variety of mechanisms by promoting an inflammatory state. Specifically, over the last few decades, obesity has been suggested not only to increase the risk of lymphoma but also to be associated with poor clinical outcomes and worse responses to different treatments for those diseases. Within the extensive range of proinflammatory mediators that adipose tissue releases, leptin has been demonstrated to be a key adipokine due to its pleotropic effects in many physiological systems and diseases. In this sense, different studies have analyzed leptin levels and leptin/leptin receptor expressions as a probable bridge between obesity and lymphomas. Since both obesity and lymphomas are prevalent pathophysiological conditions worldwide and their incidences have increased over the last few years, here we review the possible role of leptin as a promising proinflammatory mediator promoting lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Jiménez-Cortegana
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Lourdes Hontecillas-Prieto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Daniel J. García-Domínguez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Fernando Zapata
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Natalia Palazón-Carrión
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - María L. Sánchez-León
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Malika Tami
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Pérez-Pérez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Flora Sánchez-Jiménez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Teresa Vilariño-García
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Luis de la Cruz-Merino
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.d.l.C.-M.); (V.S.-M.)
| | - Víctor Sánchez-Margalet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.d.l.C.-M.); (V.S.-M.)
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13
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Exploring health behaviors and the feasibility of a lifestyle intervention for patients with multiple myeloma. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:9771-9779. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07385-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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14
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Bertrand KA, Teras LR, Deubler EL, Chao CR, Rosner BA, Wang K, Zhong C, Wang SS, Birmann BM. Anthropometric traits and risk of multiple myeloma: a pooled prospective analysis. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:1296-1303. [PMID: 35840735 PMCID: PMC9519635 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01907-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a risk factor for multiple myeloma (MM), yet results of prior studies have been mixed regarding the importance of early and/or later adult obesity; other measures of body composition have been less well studied. METHODS We evaluated associations of early adult (ages 18-21) and usual adult body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and predicted fat mass with MM by pooling data from six U.S. prospective cohort studies comprising 544,016 individuals and 2756 incident diagnoses over 20-37 years of follow-up. We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations, adjusted for age and other risk factors. RESULTS Each 5 kg/m2 increase in usual adult BMI was associated with a 10% increased risk of MM (HR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.05-1.15). Positive associations were also noted for early adult BMI (HR per 5 kg/m2: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.04-1.25), height (HR per 10 cm: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.20-1.37), waist circumference (HR per 15 cm: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.00-1.19), and predicted fat mass (HR per 5 kg: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01-1.11). CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the importance of avoidance of overweight/obesity and excess adiposity throughout adulthood as a potential MM risk-reduction strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chun R Chao
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Bernard A Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ke Wang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charlie Zhong
- City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Brenda M Birmann
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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S M, M M, M S, M C, S B, S S. Host‐related factors and cancer: malnutrition and Non‐Hodgkin Lymphoma. Hematol Oncol 2022; 40:320-331. [PMID: 35398917 PMCID: PMC9544175 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mancuso S
- Department of Health Promotion Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) Hematology Unit University of Palermo via del vespro 12990127 Palermo Italy
| | - Mattana M
- Hematology Unit University Hospital “Paolo Giaccone” via del vespro 12990127 Palermo Italy
| | - Santoro M
- Department of Health Promotion Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) Hematology Unit University of Palermo via del vespro 12990127 Palermo Italy
| | - Carlisi M
- Hematology Unit University Hospital “Paolo Giaccone” via del vespro 12990127 Palermo Italy
| | - Buscemi S
- Department of Health Promotion Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) Hematology Unit University of Palermo via del vespro 12990127 Palermo Italy
| | - Siragusa S
- Department of Health Promotion Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) Hematology Unit University of Palermo via del vespro 12990127 Palermo Italy
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16
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Teras LR, Bertrand KA, Deubler EL, Chao CR, Lacey JV, Patel AV, Rosner BA, Shu Y, Wang K, Zhong C, Wang SS, Birmann BM. Body size and risk of
non‐Hodgkin
lymphoma by subtype: A pooled analysis from six prospective cohorts in the United States. Br J Haematol 2022; 197:714-727. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren R. Teras
- Department of Population Science American Cancer Society Atlanta Georgia USA
| | | | - Emily L. Deubler
- Department of Population Science American Cancer Society Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - Chun R. Chao
- Department of Research and Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena California USA
| | - James V. Lacey
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Duarte California USA
| | - Alpa V. Patel
- Department of Population Science American Cancer Society Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - Bernard A. Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Biostatistics Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Yu‐Hsiang Shu
- Department of Research and Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena California USA
| | - Ke Wang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Charlie Zhong
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Duarte California USA
| | - Sophia S. Wang
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Duarte California USA
| | - Brenda M. Birmann
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
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17
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Dashti SG, Simpson JA, Viallon V, Karahalios A, Moreno‐Betancur M, Brasky T, Pan K, Rohan TE, Shadyab AH, Thomson CA, Wild RA, Wassertheil‐Smoller S, Ho GYF, Strickler HD, English DR, Gunter MJ. Adiposity and breast, endometrial, and colorectal cancer risk in postmenopausal women: Quantification of the mediating effects of leptin, C-reactive protein, fasting insulin, and estradiol. Cancer Med 2022; 11:1145-1159. [PMID: 35048536 PMCID: PMC8855919 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanisms underlying the adiposity-cancer relationship are incompletely understood. We quantified the mediating roles of C-reactive protein (CRP), leptin, fasting insulin, and estradiol in the effect of adiposity on estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast, endometrial, and colorectal cancer risk in postmenopausal women. METHODS We used a case-cohort study within the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study, analyzed as a cumulative sampling case-control study. The study included 188 breast cancer cases, 98 endometrial cancer cases, 193 colorectal cancer cases, and 285 controls. Interventional indirect and direct effects on the risk ratio (RR) scale were estimated using causal mediation analysis. RESULTS For breast cancer, the total effect RR for BMI ≥30 versus ≥18.5-<25 kg/m2 was 1.87 (95%CI,1.11-3.13). The indirect effect RRs were 1.38 (0.79-2.33) through leptin and CRP, 1.58 (1.17-2.43) through insulin, and 1.11 (0.98-1.30) through estradiol. The direct effect RR was 0.82 (0.39-1.68). For endometrial cancer, the total effect RR was 2.12 (1.12-4.00). The indirect effect RRs were 1.72 (0.85-3.98) through leptin and CRP, 1.42 (0.96-2.26) through insulin, and 1.24 (1.03-1.65) through estradiol. The direct effect RR was 0.70 (0.23-2.04). For colorectal cancer, the total effect RR was 1.70 (1.03-2.79). The indirect effect RRs were 1.04 (0.61-1.72) through leptin and CRP, 1.36 (1.00-1.88) through insulin, and 1.02 (0.88-1.17) through estradiol. The direct effect RR was 1.16 (0.58-2.43). CONCLUSION Leptin, CRP, fasting insulin, and estradiol appear to mediate the effect of high BMI on cancer risk to different extents, with likely varying degrees of importance between cancers. These insights might be important in developing interventions to modify obesity-associated cancer risk in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Ghazaleh Dashti
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics UnitMurdoch Children’s Research InstituteMelbourneAustralia
- Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMelbourne School of Population and Global HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Julie A. Simpson
- Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMelbourne School of Population and Global HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Vivian Viallon
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)LyonFrance
| | - Amalia Karahalios
- Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMelbourne School of Population and Global HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Margarita Moreno‐Betancur
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics UnitMurdoch Children’s Research InstituteMelbourneAustralia
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics UnitDepartment of PaediatricsUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Theodore Brasky
- The Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Kathy Pan
- Hematology/OncologyKaiser Permanente DowneyDowneyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Thomas E. Rohan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population HealthAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Aladdin H. Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoUSA
| | - Cynthia A. Thomson
- Health Promotion SciencesMel & Enid Zickerman College of Public HealthUniversity of Arizona Cancer CenterTucsonArizonaUSA
| | - Robert A. Wild
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Biostatistics and EpidemiologyOklahoma University Health Sciences CentreOklahoma CityOklahomaUSA
| | | | - Gloria Y. F. Ho
- Department of Epidemiology and Population HealthAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Howard D. Strickler
- Department of Epidemiology and Population HealthAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Dallas R. English
- Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMelbourne School of Population and Global HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Marc J. Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)LyonFrance
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18
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Parikh R, Tariq SM, Marinac CR, Shah UA. A comprehensive review of the impact of obesity on plasma cell disorders. Leukemia 2022; 36:301-314. [PMID: 34654885 PMCID: PMC8810701 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01443-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable plasma cell malignancy. Although little is known about the etiology of MM, several metabolic risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, poor nutrition, many of which are modifiable, have been linked to the pathogenesis of numerous neoplasms including MM. In this article, we provide a detailed summary of what is known about the impact of obesity on the pathogenesis of MM, its influence on outcomes in MM patients, and discuss potential mechanisms through which obesity is postulated to influence MM risk and prognosis. Along with advancements in treatment modalities to improve survival in MM patients, focused efforts are needed to prevent or intercept MM at its earliest stages. The consolidated findings presented in this review highlight the need for clinical trials to assess if lifestyle modifications can reduce the incidence and improve outcomes of MM in high-risk populations. Data generated from such studies can help formulate evidence-based lifestyle recommendations for the prevention and control of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Parikh
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Myeloma Center, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Syed Maaz Tariq
- Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi City, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Catherine R. Marinac
- Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Urvi A. Shah
- Myeloma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York City, NY 10065, USA
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19
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Chihara D, Larson MC, Robinson DP, Thompson CA, Maurer MJ, Casulo C, Pophali P, Link BK, Habermann TM, Feldman AL, Flowers CR, Cerhan JR, Morton LM. Body mass index and survival of patients with lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:2671-2678. [PMID: 34121594 PMCID: PMC8771423 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1929956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The impact of body mass index (BMI) on survival in lymphoma remains controversial. We leveraged a prospective cohort of lymphoma patients enrolled to SPORE Molecular Epidemiology Resource between 2002 and 2015 to assess the association of BMI before diagnosis, BMI at diagnosis, and BMI change over time with lymphoma-specific survival (LSS). A total of 4009 lymphoma patients (670 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 689 follicular lymphoma (FL), 1018 chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), and 1632 other subtypes) were included. Significantly shorter LSS after diagnosis was observed for FL patients who were obese before diagnosis (HR: 3.02, 95%CI: 1.43-6.41, p=.004) and for those with a ≥ 5% increase in BMI from diagnosis to 3-year follow-up (HR: 3.53, 95%CI: 1.22-10.2, p=.020). In contrast, obesity prior to or at the time of diagnosis was not associated with LSS in DLBCL and CLL/SLL. The impact of weight control after diagnosis in FL patient warrants investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Chihara
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX,,Medical Oncology Service, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - Carrie A. Thompson
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Carla Casulo
- Department of Medicine, James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Priyanka Pophali
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Brian K. Link
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Thomas M. Habermann
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Andrew L. Feldman
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Christopher R. Flowers
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - James R. Cerhan
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Lindsay M. Morton
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
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20
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Mullee A, Dimou N, Allen N, O'Mara T, Gunter MJ, Murphy N. Testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 and endometrial cancer risk: observational and Mendelian randomization analyses. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:1308-1317. [PMID: 34363033 PMCID: PMC8548546 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01518-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of endocrine pathways related to steroid and growth hormones may modify endometrial cancer risk; however, prospective data on testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 are limited. To elucidate the role of these hormones in endometrial cancer risk we conducted complementary observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. METHODS The observational analyses included 159,702 women (80% postmenopausal) enrolled in the UK Biobank. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. For MR analyses, genetic variants associated with hormone levels were identified and their association with endometrial cancer (12,906 cases/108,979 controls) was examined using two-sample MR. RESULTS In the observational analysis, higher circulating concentrations of total (HR per unit inverse normal scale = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.22-1.57) and free testosterone (HR per unit log scale = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.66-2.58) were associated with higher endometrial cancer risk. An inverse association was found for SHBG (HR per unit inverse normal scale = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.67-0.86). Results for testosterone and SHBG were supported by the MR analyses. No association was found between genetically predicted IGF-1 concentration and endometrial cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS Our results support probable causal associations between circulating concentrations of testosterone and SHBG with endometrial cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Mullee
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Niki Dimou
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Naomi Allen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tracy O'Mara
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Neil Murphy
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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Argyrakopoulou G, Dalamaga M, Spyrou N, Kokkinos A. Gender Differences in Obesity-Related Cancers. Curr Obes Rep 2021; 10:100-115. [PMID: 33523397 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-021-00426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we summarize the role of obesity in carcinogenesis, providing details on specific cancer sites. Special emphasis is given to gender differences in obesity-related cancers and on the effect of bariatric surgery on cancer risk. RECENT FINDINGS Accumulating evidence has highlighted the detrimental role of overweight/obesity in cancer, with almost 55% of cancers diagnosed in women and 24% diagnosed in men considered overweight- and obesity-related cancers. Sufficient data have shown that higher BMI is associated with risk of gynecologic malignancies (mainly breast and endometrial cancers) as well as cancers in sites such as the esophagus (adenocarcinoma), gastric cardia, colon, rectum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, kidney, thyroid gland, and multiple myeloma. The main mechanisms underlying this relationship include the insulin/IGF1 system, the effect of sex hormones, and adipocytokines. Marked differences may be seen in specific cancer sites when comparing men to women. There is a higher overall incidence of obesity-related cancers among females (endometrial, ovarian, and postmenopausal female breast cancers), whereas cancers that concern both sexes show a higher incidence in males, particularly esophageal adenocarcinoma (male to female ratio: 9: 1 in the USA). Additionally, bariatric surgery has provided evidence of lowering overall cancer risk in patients with morbid obesity. Interestingly, bariatric surgery may lower overall cancer risk in women within the first 5 years after surgery due to the reduced risk of breast and endometrial cancer, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Obesity constitutes the base for marked metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory alterations, including increased cancer risk in both men and women. Implementation of early obesity prevention strategies could ameliorate the continuously increasing incidence of cancer attributed to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Argyrakopoulou
- Diabetes and Obesity Unit, Athens Medical Center, Distomou 5-7, Amaroussio, 15127, Athens, Greece.
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Spyrou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander Kokkinos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko Hospital, 115 27, Athens, Greece
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22
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Associations between serum carotenoid levels and the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a case-control study. Br J Nutr 2020; 124:1311-1319. [PMID: 32349798 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452000152x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Limited studies have investigated the effects of serum carotenoids on the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and the findings have been inconclusive. This study aims to assess the association between serum total or specific carotenoid levels and NHL risk. This 1:1 matched, hospital-based case-control study enrolled 512 newly diagnosed (within 1 month) NHL patients and 512 healthy controls who were matched by age (±5 years) and sex in Urumqi, China. Serum carotenoid levels were measured by HPLC. Conditional logistic regression showed that higher serum total carotenoid levels and their subtypes (e.g. α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin and lycopene) were dose-dependently associated with decreased NHL risk. The multivariable-adjusted OR and their 95 % CI for NHL risk for quartile 4 (v. quartile 1) were 0·31 (95 % CI 0·22, 0·48; Pfor trend < 0·001) for total carotenoids, 0·52 (95 % CI 0·33, 0·79; Pfor trend: 0·003) for α-carotene, 0·63 (95 % CI 0·42, 0·94; Pfor trend: 0·031) for β-carotene, 0·73 (95 % CI 0·49, 1·05; Pfor trend: 0·034) for β-cryptoxanthin and 0·51 (95 % CI 0·34, 0·75; Pfor trend: 0·001) for lycopene. A null association was observed between serum lutein + zeaxanthin and NHL risk (OR 0·89, 95 % CI 0·57, 1·38; Pfor trend: 0·556). Significant interactions were observed after stratifying according to smoking status, and inverse associations were more evident among current smokers than past or never smokers for total carotenoids, α-carotene and lycopene (Pfor heterogeneity: 0·047, 0·042 and 0·046). This study indicates that higher serum carotenoid levels might be inversely associated with NHL risk, especially among current smokers.
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Aparecida Silveira E, Vaseghi G, de Carvalho Santos AS, Kliemann N, Masoudkabir F, Noll M, Mohammadifard N, Sarrafzadegan N, de Oliveira C. Visceral Obesity and Its Shared Role in Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scoping Review of the Pathophysiology and Pharmacological Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9042. [PMID: 33261185 PMCID: PMC7730690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between obesity, cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been demonstrated in animal and epidemiological studies. However, the specific role of visceral obesity on cancer and CVD remains unclear. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a complex and metabolically active tissue, that can produce different adipokines and hormones, responsible for endocrine-metabolic comorbidities. This review explores the potential mechanisms related to VAT that may also be involved in cancer and CVD. In addition, we discuss the shared pharmacological treatments which may reduce the risk of both diseases. This review highlights that chronic inflammation, molecular aspects, metabolic syndrome, secretion of hormones and adiponectin associated to VAT may have synergistic effects and should be further studied in relation to cancer and CVD. Reductions in abdominal and visceral adiposity improve insulin sensitivity, lipid profile and cytokines, which consequently reduce the risk of CVD and some cancers. Several medications have shown to reduce visceral and/or subcutaneous fat. Further research is needed to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms by which visceral obesity may cause both cancer and CVD. The role of visceral fat in cancer and CVD is an important area to advance. Public health policies to increase public awareness about VAT's role and ways to manage or prevent it are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Goiás, Brazil; (A.S.d.C.S.); (M.N.)
| | - Golnaz Vaseghi
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran;
| | - Annelisa Silva de Carvalho Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Goiás, Brazil; (A.S.d.C.S.); (M.N.)
- United Faculty of Campinas, Goiânia 74525-020, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Nathalie Kliemann
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69372 Lyon, France;
| | - Farzad Masoudkabir
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran;
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411713138, Iran
| | - Matias Noll
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Goiás, Brazil; (A.S.d.C.S.); (M.N.)
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Ceres 76300-000, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Noushin Mohammadifard
- Hypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran;
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
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Dashti SG, Viallon V, Simpson JA, Karahalios A, Moreno-Betancur M, English DR, Gunter MJ, Murphy N. Explaining the link between adiposity and colorectal cancer risk in men and postmenopausal women in the UK Biobank: A sequential causal mediation analysis. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:1881-1894. [PMID: 32181888 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying adiposity-colorectal cancer (CRC) association are incompletely understood. Using UK Biobank data, we investigated the role of C-reactive protein (CRP), hemoglobin-A1c (HbA1c) and (jointly) sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and testosterone, in explaining this association. Total effect of obesity versus normal-weight (based on waist circumference, body mass index, waist-hip ratio) on CRC risk was decomposed into natural direct (NDE) and indirect (NIE) effects using sequential mediation analysis. After a median follow-up of 7.1 years, 2070 incident CRC cases (men = 1,280; postmenopausal women = 790) were recorded. For men, the adjusted risk ratio (RR) for waist circumference (≥102 vs. ≤94 cm) was 1.37 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-1.58). The RRsNIE were 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01-1.16) through all biomarkers, 1.06 (95% CI: 1.01-1.11) through pathways influenced by CRP, 0.99 (95% CI: 0.97-1.01) through HbA1c beyond (the potential influence of) CRP and 1.03 (95% CI: 0.99-1.08) through SHBG and testosterone combined beyond CRP and HbA1c. The RRNDE was 1.26 (95% CI: 1.09-1.47). For women, the RR for waist circumference (≥88 vs. ≤80 cm) was 1.27 (95% CI: 1.07-1.50). The RRsNIE were 1.08 (95% CI: 0.94-1.22) through all biomarkers, 1.08 (95% CI: 0.99-1.17) through CRP, 1.00 (95% CI: 0.98-1.02) through HbA1c beyond CRP and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.92-1.09) through SHBG and testosterone combined beyond CRP and HbA1c. The RRNDE was 1.18 (95% CI: 0.96-1.45). For men and women, pathways influenced by CRP explained a small proportion of the adiposity-CRC association. Testosterone and SHBG also explained a small proportion of this association in men. These results suggest that pathways marked by these obesity-related factors may not explain a large proportion of the adiposity-CRC association.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ghazaleh Dashti
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Vivian Viallon
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Julie A Simpson
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amalia Karahalios
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Margarita Moreno-Betancur
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dallas R English
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Neil Murphy
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
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25
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Knuppel A, Fensom GK, Watts EL, Gunter MJ, Murphy N, Papier K, Perez-Cornago A, Schmidt JA, Smith Byrne K, Travis RC, Key TJ. Circulating Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Concentrations and Risk of 30 Cancers: Prospective Analyses in UK Biobank. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4014-4021. [PMID: 32709735 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Circulating insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is positively associated with the risks of colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer, but evidence for other less common cancers is limited. In this study, we investigated associations between serum IGF-I concentrations and incidence of less common cancers in the UK Biobank study. To enable comparison of effect estimates, and as positive controls, both common and less common cancer sites (total 30) were included in an outcome-wide analysis. Data from 394,388 cancer-free participants in the UK Biobank study were analyzed. Multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine associations between baseline serum IGF-I concentrations and cancer incidence, using repeated IGF-I measurements from up to 14,149 participants to correct for regression dilution bias. Higher IGF-I concentration was associated with increased risks of thyroid cancer [HR per 5 nmol/L higher concentration 1.18; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.37] in addition to colorectal (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.03-1.13), breast (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.07-1.15), and prostate cancer (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.05-1.12), and reduced risks of ovarian and liver cancer. Mean follow-up was 6.9 years and the possibility that the observed associations may be influenced by reverse causality bias cannot be excluded. Additional nominally significant associations with malignant melanoma, multiple myeloma, oral cancer, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma did not survive correction for multiple testing. Studies with longer follow-up and pooled analyses are needed to further assess how broad the role of IGF-I is in cancer development. SIGNIFICANCE: The results from this outcome-wide analysis are consistent with a positive association of IGF-I with cancers at several sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Knuppel
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Georgina K Fensom
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor L Watts
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Neil Murphy
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Keren Papier
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Julie A Schmidt
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Karl Smith Byrne
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Qian F, Huo D. Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Risk of Total and 19 Site-Specific Cancers: Cohort Study Analyses from the UK Biobank. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:2332-2342. [PMID: 32856611 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has been implicated in several malignancies, but few studies have examined multiple cancers simultaneously. We sought to conduct systematic assessments of the association between IGF-1 and cancer risk. METHODS We conducted a prospective analysis between IGF-1 and incident total and 19 site-specific cancers among 412,645 individuals enrolled in the UK Biobank with follow-up to 2016. IGF-1 was measured using blood samples provided at the baseline examination. HR and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated with multivariable-adjusted Cox models with IGF-1 modeled both in sex-specific quintiles and continuously. RESULTS Participants were followed for a median of 7.2 years. We observed positive associations between circulating IGF-1 and overall cancer risk for both men (HR = 1.03 per 5-nmol/L increment in IGF-1; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06) and women (HR = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06). For specific sites, we observed positive associations for breast (HR = 1.10; 95% CI, 1.07-1.14), prostate (1.09; 95% CI, 1.05-1.12), colorectum (1.07; 95% CI, 1.02-1.11), melanoma (1.08; 95% CI, 1.01-1.15), kidney (1.10; 95% CI, 1.00-1.20), and thyroid (1.22; 95% CI, 1.05-1.42) and inverse associations for lung (0.91; 95% CI, 0.86-0.96), ovaries (0.86; 95% CI, 0.77-0.95), head and neck (0.90; 95% CI, 0.82-0.99), and liver (0.32; 95% CI, 0.26-0.38). The inverse association between IGF-1 and lung cancer was observed only in ever-smokers (HRever-smoker = 0.88 vs. HRnever-smoker = 1.14; Pinteraction = 0.0005). Analyses comparing extreme quintiles were consistent. CONCLUSIONS IGF-1 is modestly associated with increased risk of total cancer in both men and women but demonstrated divergent associations for site-specific cancers. IMPACT Our study suggests that IGF-1 could serve as a target for cancer prevention or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Qian
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dezheng Huo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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Kamath GR, Renteria AS, Jagannath S, Gallagher EJ, Parekh S, Bickell NA. Where you live can impact your cancer risk: a look at multiple myeloma in New York City. Ann Epidemiol 2020; 48:43-50.e4. [PMID: 32620423 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To visualize variation in multiple myeloma (MM) incidence and mortality rates by race-ethnicity and geographic location and evaluate their correlation with neighborhood-level population covariates within New York City (NYC). METHODS Trends and racial differences in MM incidence and mortality for the United States [Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Cancer Registry (SEER), National Center for Health Statistics], and NYC [New York State Cancer Registry] were compared using Joinpoint regression. Pearson's correlation coefficients measured neighborhood-level MM-covariate relationships (n = 34). RESULTS MM incidence rates are double in African-Americans compared with Whites, in SEER-13 areas (rate ratio (RR) = 2.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.22-2.32) and NYC (RR = 2.11; 95% CI = 2.03-2.20). Incidence rates increased faster in NYC (average annual percentage change difference, -1.1; 95% CI, -2.3 to -0.1). NYC African-American men experienced the steepest increase in mortality rates after 2001. In NYC, strong neighborhood-level correlations exist between incidence and mortality rates and high prevalence of residents of African ancestry, Latin American birth, daily sugary beverage and low fruit and vegetable consumption, and neighborhood walkability. Higher MM mortality also correlates with Hispanic ethnicity, obesity, diabetes, poverty, HIV/AIDS, air benzene concentration, and indoor pesticide use. CONCLUSIONS NYC neighborhoods with large minority populations have higher prevalence of poverty-related factors associated with MM incidence and mortality, warranting public health policies to address exposures and access to care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetanjali R Kamath
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Anne S Renteria
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Sundar Jagannath
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Emily Jane Gallagher
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Samir Parekh
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Nina A Bickell
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
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28
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Blansky D, Mantzaris I, Rohan T, Hosgood HD. Influence of Rurality, Race, and Ethnicity on Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Incidence. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2020; 20:668-676.e5. [PMID: 32605898 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure to lymphomagens vary by geography. The extent to which these contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) incidence is not well understood. We sought to evaluate the association between urban-rural status and racial and ethnic disparities in the 3 major NHL subtypes: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). PATIENTS AND METHODS We used data on NHL incidence from 21 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) population-based registries for the period 2000 to 2016. Population characteristics were compared by NHL subtype and urban-rural status, using rural-urban continuum codes from the US Department of Agriculture. Incidence rate ratios were calculated, and Poisson regression was used to assess the association between incidence and rurality. RESULTS A total of 136,197 DLBCL, 70,882 FL, and 120,319 CLL incident cases aged ≥ 20 years were reported. The majority of DLBCL patients were non-Hispanic white (73.5%), with 11.9% Hispanic and 7.3% non-Hispanic black, with a similar distribution observed in FL and CLL. Adjusting for age, sex, and family poverty, we found increased DLBCL incidence among Hispanics in increasingly urban areas compared to rural areas (rural incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.00; nonmetropolitan urban IRR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.16, 1.51; metropolitan urban IRR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.36, 1.76). Among non-Hispanic blacks, urban areas, relative to rural areas, were associated with increased CLL incidence (IRR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.27, 1.72). CONCLUSION Urban-rural incidence patterns suggest that environmental exposures in urban areas associated with DLBCL and CLL pathogenesis may disproportionately affect Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna Blansky
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
| | - Ioannis Mantzaris
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Thomas Rohan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - H Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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29
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Murphy N, Knuppel A, Papadimitriou N, Martin RM, Tsilidis KK, Smith-Byrne K, Fensom G, Perez-Cornago A, Travis RC, Key TJ, Gunter MJ. Insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3, and breast cancer risk: observational and Mendelian randomization analyses with ∼430 000 women. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:641-649. [PMID: 32169310 PMCID: PMC7221341 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence supports a positive association between circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations and breast cancer risk, but both the magnitude and causality of this relationship are uncertain. We conducted observational analyses with adjustment for regression dilution bias, and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses allowed for causal inference. PATIENTS AND METHODS We investigated the associations between circulating IGF-1 concentrations and incident breast cancer risk in 206 263 women in the UK Biobank. Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. HRs were corrected for regression dilution using repeat IGF-1 measures available in a subsample of 6711 women. For the MR analyses, genetic variants associated with circulating IGF-1 and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels were identified and their association with breast cancer was examined with two-sample MR methods using genome-wide data from 122 977 cases and 105 974 controls. RESULTS In the UK Biobank, after a median follow-up of 7.1 years, 4360 incident breast cancer cases occurred. In the multivariable-adjusted models corrected for regression dilution, higher IGF-1 concentrations were associated with a greater risk of breast cancer (HR per 5 nmol/l increment of IGF-1 = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.07-1.16). Similar positive associations were found by follow-up time, menopausal status, body mass index, and other risk factors. In the MR analyses, a 5 nmol/l increment in genetically-predicted IGF-1 concentration was associated with a greater breast cancer risk (odds ratio = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.01-1.10; P = 0.02), with a similar effect estimate for estrogen-positive (ER+) tumours, but no effect found for estrogen-negative (ER-) tumours. Genetically-predicted IGFBP-3 concentrations were not associated with breast cancer risk (odds ratio per 1-standard deviation increment = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.97-1.04; P = 0.98). CONCLUSION Our results support a probable causal relationship between circulating IGF-1 concentrations and breast cancer, suggesting that interventions targeting the IGF pathway may be beneficial in preventing breast tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Murphy
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
| | - A Knuppel
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - N Papadimitriou
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - R M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Bristol Medical School, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - K K Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - K Smith-Byrne
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - G Fensom
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - R C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - T J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M J Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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30
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Murphy N, Carreras-Torres R, Song M, Chan AT, Martin RM, Papadimitriou N, Dimou N, Tsilidis KK, Banbury B, Bradbury KE, Besevic J, Rinaldi S, Riboli E, Cross AJ, Travis RC, Agnoli C, Albanes D, Berndt SI, Bézieau S, Bishop DT, Brenner H, Buchanan DD, Onland-Moret NC, Burnett-Hartman A, Campbell PT, Casey G, Castellví-Bel S, Chang-Claude J, Chirlaque MD, de la Chapelle A, English D, Figueiredo JC, Gallinger SJ, Giles GG, Gruber SB, Gsur A, Hampe J, Hampel H, Harrison TA, Hoffmeister M, Hsu L, Huang WY, Huyghe JR, Jenkins MA, Keku TO, Kühn T, Kweon SS, Le Marchand L, Li CI, Li L, Lindblom A, Martín V, Milne RL, Moreno V, Newcomb PA, Offit K, Ogino S, Ose J, Perduca V, Phipps AI, Platz EA, Potter JD, Qu C, Rennert G, Sakoda LC, Schafmayer C, Schoen RE, Slattery ML, Tangen CM, Ulrich CM, van Duijnhoven FJB, Van Guelpen B, Visvanathan K, Vodicka P, Vodickova L, Vymetalkova V, Wang H, White E, Wolk A, Woods MO, Wu AH, Zheng W, Peters U, Gunter MJ. Circulating Levels of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 Associate With Risk of Colorectal Cancer Based on Serologic and Mendelian Randomization Analyses. Gastroenterology 2020; 158:1300-1312.e20. [PMID: 31884074 PMCID: PMC7152801 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Human studies examining associations between circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) and colorectal cancer risk have reported inconsistent results. We conducted complementary serologic and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to determine whether alterations in circulating levels of IGF1 or IGFBP3 are associated with colorectal cancer development. METHODS Serum levels of IGF1 were measured in blood samples collected from 397,380 participants from the UK Biobank, from 2006 through 2010. Incident cancer cases and cancer cases recorded first in death certificates were identified through linkage to national cancer and death registries. Complete follow-up was available through March 31, 2016. For the MR analyses, we identified genetic variants associated with circulating levels of IGF1 and IGFBP3. The association of these genetic variants with colorectal cancer was examined with 2-sample MR methods using genome-wide association study consortia data (52,865 cases with colorectal cancer and 46,287 individuals without [controls]) RESULTS: After a median follow-up period of 7.1 years, 2665 cases of colorectal cancer were recorded. In a multivariable-adjusted model, circulating level of IGF1 associated with colorectal cancer risk (hazard ratio per 1 standard deviation increment of IGF1, 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.17). Similar associations were found by sex, follow-up time, and tumor subsite. In the MR analyses, a 1 standard deviation increment in IGF1 level, predicted based on genetic factors, was associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer risk (odds ratio 1.08; 95% CI 1.03-1.12; P = 3.3 × 10-4). Level of IGFBP3, predicted based on genetic factors, was associated with colorectal cancer risk (odds ratio per 1 standard deviation increment, 1.12; 95% CI 1.06-1.18; P = 4.2 × 10-5). Colorectal cancer risk was associated with only 1 variant in the IGFBP3 gene region (rs11977526), which also associated with anthropometric traits and circulating level of IGF2. CONCLUSIONS In an analysis of blood samples from almost 400,000 participants in the UK Biobank, we found an association between circulating level of IGF1 and colorectal cancer. Using genetic data from 52,865 cases with colorectal cancer and 46,287 controls, a higher level of IGF1, determined by genetic factors, was associated with colorectal cancer. Further studies are needed to determine how this signaling pathway might contribute to colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Murphy
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
| | - Robert Carreras-Torres
- Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mingyang Song
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Richard M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Bristol Medical School, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nikos Papadimitriou
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Niki Dimou
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Barbara Banbury
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kathryn E Bradbury
- National Institute for Health Innovation, School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jelena Besevic
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stéphane Bézieau
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - D Timothy Bishop
- Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Genetic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - N Charlotte Onland-Moret
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter T Campbell
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Graham Casey
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Sergi Castellví-Bel
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - María-Dolores Chirlaque
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia University, Murcia, Spain; CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Dallas English
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane C Figueiredo
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles California
| | - Steven J Gallinger
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen B Gruber
- Department of Preventive Medicine & USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Andrea Gsur
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany
| | - Heather Hampel
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Tabitha A Harrison
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Li Hsu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jeroen R Huyghe
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mark A Jenkins
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Temitope O Keku
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sun-Seog Kweon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Jeonnam Regional Cancer Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | | | - Christopher I Li
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Li Li
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vicente Martín
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Biomedicine Institute (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Victor Moreno
- Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts; Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology Programs, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Ose
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Vittorio Perduca
- CESP (Inserm U1018), Fac. de médecine - Université Paris-Saclay, Fac. de médecine - UVSQ, 94805, Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France; Laboratoire de Mathématiques Appliquées MAP5 (UMR CNRS 8145), Université Paris Descartes, France
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Elizabeth A Platz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John D Potter
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Conghui Qu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Gad Rennert
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel; Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lori C Sakoda
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Clemens Schafmayer
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Robert E Schoen
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Martha L Slattery
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Catherine M Tangen
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Bethany Van Guelpen
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Vodickova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Vymetalkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Hansong Wang
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Emily White
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael O Woods
- Memorial University of Newfoundland, Discipline of Genetics, St. John's, Canada
| | - Anna H Wu
- University of Southern California, Preventive Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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31
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Zhang L, Rana I, Shaffer RM, Taioli E, Sheppard L. Exposure to glyphosate-based herbicides and risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A meta-analysis and supporting evidence. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2019; 781:186-206. [PMID: 31342895 PMCID: PMC6706269 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the most widely used broad-spectrum systemic herbicide in the world. Recent evaluations of the carcinogenic potential of glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) by various regional, national, and international agencies have engendered controversy. We investigated whether there was an association between high cumulative exposures to GBHs and increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in humans. We conducted a new meta-analysis that includes the most recent update of the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) cohort published in 2018 along with five case-control studies. Using the highest exposure groups when available in each study, we report the overall meta-relative risk (meta-RR) of NHL in GBH-exposed individuals was increased by 41% (meta-RR = 1.41, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.13-1.75). For comparison, we also performed a secondary meta-analysis using high-exposure groups with the earlier AHS (2005), and we calculated a meta-RR for NHL of 1.45 (95% CI: 1.11-1.91), which was higher than the meta-RRs reported previously. Multiple sensitivity tests conducted to assess the validity of our findings did not reveal meaningful differences from our primary estimated meta-RR. To contextualize our findings of an increased NHL risk in individuals with high GBH exposure, we reviewed publicly available animal and mechanistic studies related to lymphoma. We documented further support from studies of malignant lymphoma incidence in mice treated with pure glyphosate, as well as potential links between glyphosate / GBH exposure and immunosuppression, endocrine disruption, and genetic alterations that are commonly associated with NHL or lymphomagenesis. Overall, in accordance with findings from experimental animal and mechanistic studies, our current meta-analysis of human epidemiological studies suggests a compelling link between exposures to GBHs and increased risk for NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, USA.
| | - Iemaan Rana
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, USA
| | - Rachel M Shaffer
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Emanuela Taioli
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology and Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Lianne Sheppard
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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