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Romero-Trejo D, Aguiñiga-Sanchez I, Ledesma-Martínez E, Weiss-Steider B, Sierra-Mondragón E, Santiago-Osorio E. Anti-cancer potential of casein and its derivatives: novel strategies for cancer treatment. Med Oncol 2024; 41:200. [PMID: 38990440 PMCID: PMC11239739 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02403-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with over 10 million fatalities annually. While tumors can be surgically removed and treated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, hormonal therapy, or combined therapies, current treatments often result in toxic side effects in normal tissue. Therefore, researchers are actively seeking ways to selectively eliminate cancerous cells, minimizing the toxic side effects in normal tissue. Caseins and its derivatives have shown promising anti-cancer potential, demonstrating antitumor and cytotoxic effects on cells from various tumor types without causing harm to normal cells. Collectively, these data reveals advancements in the study of caseins and their derivative peptides, particularly providing a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism of action in cancer therapy. These mechanisms occur through various signaling pathways, including (i) the increase of interferon-associated STAT1 signaling, (ii) the suppression of stemness-related markers such as CD44, (iii) the attenuation of the STAT3/HIF1-α signaling, (iv) the down-expression of uPAR and PAI-1, (v) the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced intracellular ATP production, (vi) the increase of caspase-3 activity, and (vii) the suppression of TLR4/NF-кB signaling. Therefore, we conclude that casein could be an effective adjuvant for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Romero-Trejo
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 09230, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Itzen Aguiñiga-Sanchez
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 09230, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 56410, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edgar Ledesma-Martínez
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 09230, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Benny Weiss-Steider
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 09230, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edith Sierra-Mondragón
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, 07360, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 09230, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Hussein BRM, El-Saghier SMM, Allam RM, Mohamed MFA, Amer AA. An efficient methodological approach for synthesis of selenopyridines: generation, reactions, anticancer activity, EGFR inhibitory activity and molecular docking studies. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10872-2. [PMID: 38739230 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10872-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
In the present work, we successfully synthesized Se-alkyl selenopyridines 1 and 3, selenopheno[2,3-b]pyridine 2, and bis-selenopyridine 4 derivatives using an eco-friendly method by utilizing NaHSe instead of toxic hydrogen selenide. The effect of the temperature on the reaction was screening at various temperatures. The regiospecific reaction of selenopyridine 1 with bromine afforded an unexpected product 4,6-diamino-5-bromo-2-[(cyanomethyl)selenyl]-pyridine-3-carbonitrile (5), which was cyclized to selenopheno[2,3-b]pyridine (7) by refluxing in the presence of TEA. While its treatment with thiophenol and/or p-chlorothiophenol gave 8a, b. On the other hand, its reaction with aminothiophenol afforded 2-(benzo[d]-thiazol-2-yl)-5-bromoselenopheno[2,3-b]pyridine-3,4,6-triamine (9). Also, N-(2-cyano-4-methyl-5H-1-seleno-3,5,8-triazaacenaphthylen-7-yl)acetamide (11) and a novel series of selenoazo dyes 12a-d were synthesized by treatment of selenopheno[2,3-b]pyridine 2 with acetic anhydride and/or diazonium chlorides of aromatic amines, respectively. Then, we ascertained the potential activity of synthesized compounds against highly metastatic prostate cancer cells (PC-3) and osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) and found that 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d were more cytotoxic than doxorubicin in both tested cell lines, showing nearly the same anticancer activity with IC50 values ranging from 2.59 ± 0.02 µM to 3.93 ± 0.23 µM. Mechanistically, the most potent compounds 12a and 12b proved to be potent EGFR inhibitors with IC50 values of 0.301 and 0.123 µM, respectively, compared to lapatinib as a positive reference (IC50 = 0.049 µM). Moreover, the docking results are in good agreement with the anticancer activity as well as the EGFR inhibitory activity, suggesting these two compounds as promising EGFR anticancer candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahgat R M Hussein
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
| | - Sham M M El-Saghier
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Rasha M Allam
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, 11865, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh F A Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Amer A Amer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
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3
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Shu X, Su J, Zhao Y, Liu C, Chen Y, Ma X, Wang Z, Bai J, Zhang H, Ma Z. Regulation of HeLa cell proliferation and apoptosis by bovine lactoferrin. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1395-1402. [PMID: 37842864 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the foremost common cancers in women. Lactoferrin (LF) has many biological functions, such as antitumor. This study aimed to explore the regulatory effect of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) on the proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer HeLa cells and to clarify the potential mechanism of action of bLF against HeLa cells. This study used CCK-8, Trypan blue staining, and colony formation assays to verify the effect of bLF on HeLa cell proliferation. Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining, AO/EB staining, and western blotting were used to determine the effects of bLF on apoptosis and autophagy in HeLa cells. We discovered that bLF significantly reduced the proliferation of HeLa cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner compared to the control group. Furthermore, bLF primarily induced apoptosis in HeLa cells by increasing the expression of the proapoptotic proteins p53, Bax, and Cleaved-caspase-3 and downregulating the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. In addition, the present study also showed that bLF treatment significantly activated autophagy-related proteins LC3B-II and Beclin I and down regulated the autophagosome transporter protein p62, indicating that bLF treatment can induce autophagy in HeLa cells. After pretreatment with the autophagy inhibitor, 3-MA, which markedly found that autophagy inhibition by 3-MA reversed bLF-induced apoptosis, indicating that bLF can induce apoptosis by activating intracellular autophagy in HeLa cells. In the present study, our results support the theory of bLF significantly inhibited the proliferation of Hela cells by promoting apoptosis and reinforcing autophagy. The study will play an important role in therapying cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfu Shu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinxian Su
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zifan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jialin Bai
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhongren Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
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Muj C, Mukhopadhyay S, Jana P, Kondapi AK. Synergistic action of lactoferrin in enhancing the safety and effectiveness of docetaxel treatment against prostate cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2023; 91:375-387. [PMID: 36977771 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-023-04524-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor metastasis is promoted by an immunosuppressive environment. Lactoferrin (Lf) is known to regulate immunological activity in tumor cells and inhibit processes associated with tumor metastasis. A delivery of lactoferrin with docetaxel (DTX) in prostate cancer cells in the form of DTX-loaded lactoferrin nanoparticles (DTX-LfNPs) would provide a dual activity wherein the lactoferrin affects metastasis and DTX chemotherapeutically inhibits mitosis and cell division. METHODS DTX-LfNPs were prepared using sol-oil chemistry, and particles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy. Antiproliferation activity was analyzed in prostate cancer Mat Ly Lu cells. The target localization and efficacy of DTX-LfNPs were studied in an orthotopic prostate cancer induced by Mat Ly Lu cells in a rat model. Biomarkers were estimated using ELISA and biochemical reactions. RESULTS DTX was loaded in pure Lf nanoparticles without involving any chemical modification and conjugation, thus when these nanoparticles are delivered in cancer cells both DTX and Lf will be present in biologically active forms. DTX-LfNps exhibit a spherical morphology of dimension of 60 ± 10 nm with DTX Encapsulation Efficiency of 62.06 ± 4.07%. Competition experiments using soluble Lf confirm that DTX-LfNPs enter prostate cancer cells through the Lf receptor. DTX-LfNPs exhibit an improved anti-proliferative activity by 2.5 times compared to DTX. Further, analysis of the bioavailability of the drug in the prostate showed that DTX-LfNPs increased drug bioavailability in the prostate by two times more than the DTX. The analysis of efficacy in the Mat Ly Lu cells-induced orthotopic prostate cancer model showed that DTX-LfNPs significantly enhanced the anti-cancer activity compared to DTX in terms of regression of weight and volume of prostate tissue, the efficacy was confirmed by histochemical analysis. Lf provides synergistic activity along with DTX in inhibiting metastasis as assessed by the reduction of lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, TNF alpha, and IFNγ. LfNPs facilitate higher DTX localization along with Lf-mediated protection from DTX-associated toxicity to neutrophils and kidneys as assessed by C-reactive protein, creatinine, and uric acid. Thus, DTX LfNPs show a dual action by enhancing DTX bioavailability in prostate along with Lf-mediated suppression of metastasis as well as DTX-associated toxicity. CONCLUSION In conclusion, DTX-LfNPs enhance the bioavailability of DTX in the prostate along with Lf-assisted improvement in inhibition of tumor metastasis and drug-associated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukhu Muj
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Satyajit Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Pritikana Jana
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Anand K Kondapi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
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Proteins and their functionalization for finding therapeutic avenues in cancer: Current status and future prospective. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188862. [PMID: 36791920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the remarkable advancement in the health care sector, cancer remains the second most fatal disease globally. The existing conventional cancer treatments primarily include chemotherapy, which has been associated with little to severe side effects, and radiotherapy, which is usually expensive. To overcome these problems, target-specific nanocarriers have been explored for delivering chemo drugs. However, recent reports on using a few proteins having anticancer activity and further use of them as drug carriers have generated tremendous attention for furthering the research towards cancer therapy. Biomolecules, especially proteins, have emerged as suitable alternatives in cancer treatment due to multiple favourable properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and structural flexibility for easy surface functionalization. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have reported that various proteins derived from animal, plant, and bacterial species, demonstrated strong cytotoxic and antiproliferative properties against malignant cells in native and their different structural conformations. Moreover, surface tunable properties of these proteins help to bind a range of anticancer drugs and target ligands, thus making them efficient delivery agents in cancer therapy. Here, we discuss various proteins obtained from common exogenous sources and how they transform into effective anticancer agents. We also comprehensively discuss the tumor-killing mechanisms of different dietary proteins such as bovine α-lactalbumin, hen egg-white lysozyme, and their conjugates. We also articulate how protein nanostructures can be used as carriers for delivering cancer drugs and theranostics, and strategies to be adopted for improving their in vivo delivery and targeting. We further discuss the FDA-approved protein-based anticancer formulations along with those in different phases of clinical trials.
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Arredondo-Beltrán IG, Ramírez-Sánchez DA, Zazueta-García JR, Canizalez-Roman A, Angulo-Zamudio UA, Velazquez-Roman JA, Bolscher JGM, Nazmi K, León-Sicairos N. Antitumor activity of bovine lactoferrin and its derived peptides against HepG2 liver cancer cells and Jurkat leukemia cells. Biometals 2023; 36:639-655. [PMID: 36626098 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00484-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer and leukemia are the fourth and first causes, respectively, of cancer death in children and adults worldwide. Moreover, cancer treatments, although beneficial, remain expensive, invasive, toxic, and affect the patient's quality of life. Therefore, new anticancer agents are needed to improve existing agents. Because bovine lactoferrin (bLF) and its derived peptides have antitumor properties, we investigated the anticancer effect of bLF and LF peptides (LFcin17-30, LFampin265-284 and LFchimera) on liver cancer HepG2 cells and leukemia Jurkat cells. HepG2 and Jurkat cells were incubated with bLF and LF peptides. Cell proliferation was quantified by an MTT assay, and cell morphology and damage were visualized by light microscopy or by phalloidin-TRITC/DAPI staining. The discrimination between apoptosis/necrosis was performed by staining with Annexin V-Alexa Fluor 488 and propidium iodide, and the expression of genes related to apoptosis was analyzed in Jurkat cells. Finally, the synergistic interaction of bLF and LF peptides with cisplatin or etoposide was assessed by an MTT assay and the combination index. The present study demonstrated that bLF and LF peptides inhibited the viability of HepG2 and Jurkat cells, inducing damage to the cell monolayer of HepG2 cells and morphological changes in both cell lines. bLF, LFcin17-30, and LFampin265-284 triggered apoptosis in both cell lines, whereas LFchimera induced necrosis. These results suggested that bLF and LF peptides activate apoptosis by increasing the expression of genes of the intrinsic pathway. Additionally, bLF and LF peptides synergistically interacted with cisplatin and etoposide. In conclusion, bLF and LF peptides display anticancer activity against liver cancer and leukemia cells, representing an alternative or improvement in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izamar G Arredondo-Beltrán
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.,Programa Regional del Noroeste para el Doctorado en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Diana A Ramírez-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.,Programa Regional del Noroeste para el Doctorado en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Jesús R Zazueta-García
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Adrián Canizalez-Roman
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.,Hospital de la Mujer. Servicios de Salud de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Uriel A Angulo-Zamudio
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Jorge A Velazquez-Roman
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Jan G M Bolscher
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kamran Nazmi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nidia León-Sicairos
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. .,Departamento de Investigación, Hospital Pediátrico de Sinaloa, Servicios de Salud de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
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Akhtar N, Wani AK, Jan M, Sinha S, Devkota HP, Li Z, Amin-ul Mannan M, Prakash A. Lactoferrin and Activated Protein C: Potential Role in Prevention of Cancer Progression and Recurrence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2023; 12:86-99. [PMID: 37942258 PMCID: PMC10629726 DOI: 10.22088/ijmcm.bums.12.1.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Existing therapeutic interventions for controlling cancer are limited and associated with side effects. Furthermore, the recurrence of cancer poses a significant challenge to the cure of cancer. Therefore, avenues are wanted to find novel therapies for cancer treatment and cancer recurrence. In this review, we have highlighted that lactoferrin (LF) and activated protein C (APC) carry enormous potential in cancer treatment. Studies have shown that the decreased level of APC and impaired function of APC are associated with cancer progression and cancer-related mortality. Moreover, APC plays an important role in preventing prothrombotic state-mediated cancer progression and deaths. LF can also inhibit the progression of cancer by controlling the generation of reactive oxygen species, triggering the apoptosis of cancer cells, arresting the cell cycle and hindering the angiogenesis process. Additionally, APC and LF could have the potential to inhibit neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formations which are involved in cancer progression and the reawakening of dormant cancer cells. Hence, in this review, the anticancer potential and mechanism of APC and LF along with their potential to mitigate inflammation and NETs-mediated cancer progression and recurrence has been discussed. Additionally, possible future strategies to develop effective and safe anticancer treatment using LF and APC have also been discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Akhtar
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab-144411, India.
| | - Atif Khurshid Wani
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab-144411, India.
| | - Musamey Jan
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab-144411, India.
| | - Shruti Sinha
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States of America.
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
- Headquarters for Admissions and Education, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, 2-39-1, Chuo-ku, Ku-mamoto 860-8555, Japan.
- Pharmacy Program, Gandaki University, Pokhara 33700, Nepal.
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States of America.
| | - Mohammad Amin-ul Mannan
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab-144411, India.
- Division of Infectious Disease, The Lundquist Institute, UCLA Harbor Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90502, USA.
| | - Ajit Prakash
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States of America.
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FU J, YANG L, TAN D, LIU L. Iron transport mechanism of lactoferrin and its application in food processing. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.121122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Liu YANG
- Shenyang Agricultural University, China
| | | | - Ling LIU
- Shenyang Agricultural University, China
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9
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Costantini E, Di Nicola M, Marchioni M, Aielli L, Reale M, Schips L. Effects of Curcumin and Lactoferrin to Inhibit the Growth and Migration of Prostatic Cancer Cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16193. [PMID: 36498267 PMCID: PMC9737629 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer remains one of the main causes of death for men worldwide. Despite recent advances in cancer treatment, patients develop resistance after an initial period of optimal efficacy. Nowadays, it is accepted that natural compounds can result in health benefits with a preventive or adjuvant effect. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of curcumin (CU), a bioactive compound in the spice turmeric, and lactoferrin (LF), a natural glycoprotein with immunomodulatory properties, on DU145 and PC3. Prostate cancer cells were cultured with and without LF (175 μM) and CU (2.5 μg/mL and 5 μg/mL), alone and in combination. Cell viability, migration ability, death receptors (DRs), and integrins (α3, β1) gene expression were evaluated, as well as human annexin V quantification and Akt phosphorylation. Differences among cells group, defined according to the treatment used, were assessed with ANOVA. The results showed that the effects of CU and LF are different between the two prostatic cell lines analyzed. In DU145, a reduction in cell proliferation and migration is reported both in the presence of single and combined treatments. In PC3 cells, there is a significant reduction in proliferation in the presence of CU alone, while the inhibition of migration is mainly related to the LF treatment and its combination with CU, compared to untreated cells. Moreover, the reduction in gene expression of integrins and Akt pathway activation were observed mostly in the presence of the CU and LF combination, including the upregulation of DR and annexin V levels, with greater significance for the DU145 cells. In conclusion, our results suggest that CU and LF may have a potentially beneficial effect, mainly when administered in combination, leading to a reduction in cancer cells' aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Costantini
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marta Di Nicola
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.D.N.); (L.S.)
| | - Michele Marchioni
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.D.N.); (L.S.)
| | - Lisa Aielli
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Marcella Reale
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Luigi Schips
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.D.N.); (L.S.)
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10
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Santos-Pereira C, Guedes JP, Ferreira D, Rodrigues LR, Côrte-Real M. Lactoferrin perturbs intracellular trafficking, disrupts cholesterol-rich lipid rafts and inhibits glycolysis of highly metastatic cancer cells harbouring plasmalemmal V-ATPase. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:1589-1604. [PMID: 36116593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The milk-derived bovine lactoferrin (bLf) is an iron-binding glycoprotein with remarkable selective anticancer activity towards highly metastatic cancer cells displaying the proton pump V-ATPase at the plasma membrane. As studies aiming to dissect the bLf mechanisms of action are critical to improve its efficacy and boost its targeted clinical use, herein we sought to further uncover the molecular basis of bLf anticancer activity. We showed that bLf co-localizes with V-ATPase and cholesterol-rich lipid rafts at the plasma membrane of highly metastatic cancer cells. Our data also revealed that bLf perturbs cellular trafficking, induces intracellular accumulation of cholesterol and lipid rafts disruption, downregulates PI3K, and AKT or p-AKT and inhibits glycolysis of cancer cells harbouring V-ATPase at the plasma membrane lipid rafts. Altogether, our results can lay the foundation for future bLf-based targeted anticancer strategies as they unravel a novel cascade of molecular events that explains and further reinforces bLf selectivity for cancer cells displaying plasmalemmal V-ATPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Santos-Pereira
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joana P Guedes
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Débora Ferreira
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Lígia R Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Manuela Côrte-Real
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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11
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Bovine Lactoferrin Induces Cell Death in Human Prostate Cancer Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2187696. [PMID: 36092155 PMCID: PMC9463017 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2187696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Bovine lactoferrin (bLf) is a multifunctional protein widely associated with anticancer activity. Prostate cancer is the second most frequent type of cancer worldwide. This study was aimed at evaluating the influence of bLf on cell viability, cell cycle progression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and rate of apoptosis in the human prostate cancer cell line (DU-145). MTT assay and trypan blue exclusion were used to analyze cell viability. Morphological changes were analyzed through optical microscopy after 24 h and 48 h of bLf treatment. FITC-bLf internalization and cellular damage were observed within 24 h by confocal fluorescence microscopy. Cell cycle analyses were performed by flow cytometry and propidium iodide. For caspases 3/7 activation and reactive oxygen species production evaluation, cells were live-imaged using the high-throughput system Operetta. The cell viability assays demonstrated that bLf induces cell death and morphological changes after 24 h and 48 h of treatment compared to control on DU-145 cells. The bLf internalization was detected in DU-145 cells, G1-phase arrest of the cell cycle, caspase 3/7 activation, and increased oxidative stress on bLf-treated cells. Our data support that bLf has an important anticancer activity, thus offering new perspectives in preventing and treating prostate cancer.
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12
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Augmenting apoptosis-mediated anticancer activity of lactoperoxidase and lactoferrin by nanocombination with copper and iron hybrid nanometals. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13153. [PMID: 35915221 PMCID: PMC9343395 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17357-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need in the medicinal fields to discover biocompatible nanoformulations with low cytotoxicity, which provide new strategies for promising therapies for several types of tumors. Bovine lactoperoxidase (LP) and lactoferrin (LF) have recently attracted attention in medicine for their antitumor activities with recognized safety pattern. Both LP and LF are suitable proteins to be coated or adsorbed to Cu and Fe nanometals for developing stable nanoformulations that boost immunity and strong anticancer effects. New nanometals of Cu and Fe NPs embedded in LP and LF forming novel nanocombinations of LP-CNPs and LF-FNPs had a spherical shape with an average nanosize of about 21 nm. The combination of LP-CNPs and LF-FNPs significantly exhibited the highest growth inhibitory efficacy, in terms of effectively lowering the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values, against Caco-2, HepG2 and MCF7 cells comparing to nanometals, LP, LF and individual nanoproteins (LP-CNPs or LF-FNPs). The highest apoptotic effect of this nanocombination (LP-CNPs and LF-FNPs) was confirmed by the highest percentages of annexin-stained apoptotic cells and G0 population with the strongest alteration in the expression of two well-characterized apoptosis guards (p53 and Bcl-2) and the maximum suppression in the proliferation marker (Ki-67). Also, the in silico analysis predicted that LP-CNPs and LF-FNPs enhanced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK, p53 activator) activity and inhibited cancer migration-related proteases (cathepsin B and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9). Our results offer for the first time that these novel nanocombinations of LP and LF were superior in their selectivity and apoptosis-mediating anticancer activity to Cu and Fe nanometals as well as the free form of these proteins or their individual nanoforms.
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13
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Monavari M, Medhekar R, Nawaz Q, Monavari M, Fuentes-Chandía M, Homaeigohar S, Boccaccini AR. A 3D Printed Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold Composed of Alginate Dialdehyde-Gelatine Reinforced by Lysozyme Loaded Cerium Doped Mesoporous Silica-Calcia Nanoparticles. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200113. [PMID: 35795888 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A novel biomaterial comprising alginate dialdehyde-gelatine (ADA-GEL) hydrogel augmented by lysozyme loaded mesoporous cerium doped silica-calcia nanoparticles (Lys-Ce-MSNs) was 3D printed to create bioactive scaffolds. Lys-Ce-MSNs raised the mechanical stiffness of the hydrogel composite scaffold and induced surface apatite mineralization, when the scaffold was immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF). Moreover, the scaffolds could co-deliver bone healing (Ca and Si) and antioxidant ions (Ce), and Lys to achieve antibacterial (and potentially anticancer) properties. The nanocomposite hydrogel scaffolds could hold and deliver Lys steadily. Based on the in vitro results, the hydrogel nanocomposite containing Lys assured improved pre-osteoblast cell (MC3T3-E1) proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation, thanks to the biocompatibility of ADA-GEL, bioactivity of Ce-MSNs, and the stabilizing effect of Lys on the scaffold structure. On the other hand, the proliferation level of MG63 osteosarcoma cells decreased, likely due to the anticancer effect of Lys. Last but not least, cooperatively, alongside gentamicin (GEN), Lys brought about a proper antibacterial efficiency to the hydrogel nanocomposite scaffold against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Taken together, ADA-GEL/Lys-Ce-MSN nanocomposite holds great promise for 3D printing of multifunctional hydrogel BTE scaffolds, able to induce bone regeneration, address infection, and potentially inhibit tumor formation and growth. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Monavari
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Rucha Medhekar
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany.,Institute of Biomaterials and Advanced Materials and Processes Master Programme, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Qaisar Nawaz
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Mehran Monavari
- Section eScience (S.3), Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Unter den Eichen 87, Berlin, 12205, Germany
| | - Miguel Fuentes-Chandía
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany.,Department of Biology, Skeletal Research Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Shahin Homaeigohar
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, United Kingdom
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
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14
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Lactoferrin as a Human Genome “Guardian”—An Overall Point of View. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095248. [PMID: 35563638 PMCID: PMC9105968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural abnormalities causing DNA modifications of the ethene and propanoadducts can lead to mutations and permanent damage to human genetic material. Such changes may cause premature aging and cell degeneration and death as well as severe impairment of tissue and organ function. This may lead to the development of various diseases, including cancer. In response to a damage, cells have developed defense mechanisms aimed at preventing disease and repairing damaged genetic material or diverting it into apoptosis. All of the mechanisms described above are part of the repertoire of action of Lactoferrin—an endogenous protein that contains iron in its structure, which gives it numerous antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and anticancer properties. The aim of the article is to synthetically present the new and innovative role of lactoferrin in the protection of human genetic material against internal and external damage, described by the modulation mechanisms of the cell cycle at all its levels and the mechanisms of its repair.
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15
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Bielecka M, Cichosz G, Czeczot H. Antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticarcinogenic activities of bovine milk proteins and their hydrolysates - A review. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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A review on lactoferrin as a proton pump inhibitor. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 202:309-317. [PMID: 35038474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is a versatile natural milk-derived protein that exhibits multiple interesting biological activities. Since it is safe for human administration and currently manufactured using low cost and well-established large-scale processes, the Lf scientific community has been devoted at dissecting its mechanisms of action towards its more rational and efficient use for various applications. Emerging literature has identified proton pumping ATPases as molecular targets of Lf in different cellular models linked to distinct activities of this natural protein. Information on this subject has not been systematically analysed before, hence herein we review the current state of art on the effect of Lf on proton pumping ATPases. Though structurally different, we propose that Lf holds a proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-like activity based on the functional resemblance with the classical inhibitors of the stomach H+/K+-ATPase. The downstream events and outcomes of the PPI-like activity of Lf, as well as its impact for the development of improved Lf applications are also discussed.
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17
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Santos-Pereira C, Rodrigues LR, Côrte-Real M. Plasmalemmal V-ATPase as a Potential Biomarker for Lactoferrin-Based Anticancer Therapy. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010119. [PMID: 35053267 PMCID: PMC8773557 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is a milk-derived protein with well-recognized potential as a therapeutic agent against a wide variety of cancers. This natural protein exhibits health-promoting effects and has several interesting features, including its selectivity towards cancer cells, good tolerability in humans, worldwide availability, and holding a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status. To prompt the rational clinical application of this promising anticancer compound, previous works aimed to unveil the molecular mechanisms underlying its selective anticancer activity, where plasmalemmal V-ATPase was identified as an Lf target in cancer cells. V-ATPase is a proton pump critical for cellular homeostasis that migrates to the plasma membrane of highly metastatic cancer cells contributing to the acidity of the tumor microenvironment. Cancer cells were found to be susceptible to Lf only when this proton pump is present at the plasma membrane. Plasmalemmal V-ATPase can thus be an excellent biomarker for driving treatment decisions and forecasting clinical outcomes of Lf-based anticancer strategies. Future research endeavors should thus seek to validate this biomarker by thorough preclinical and clinical studies, as well as to develop effective methods for its detection under clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Santos-Pereira
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Lígia R. Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Manuela Côrte-Real
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-253604310
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18
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Olszewska P, Pazdrak B, Kruzel ML. A Novel Human Recombinant Lactoferrin Inhibits Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Growth and Migration with No Cytotoxic Effect on Normal Human Epithelial Cells. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2021; 69:33. [PMID: 34748082 PMCID: PMC8575758 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-021-00637-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite the recent advances in cancer treatment, only a subset of patients responds to targeted and immune therapies, and many patients developing resistance after an initial response. Lactoferrin (Lf) is a natural glycoprotein with immunomodulatory and anticancer activities. We produced a novel recombinant human Lf (rhLf) that exhibits glycosylation profile compatible with the natural hLf for potential parenteral therapeutic applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer effects of this novel rhLf in human lung adenocarcinoma cells and its mechanisms of action. The results showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of A549 cancer cell growth in response to rhLf. Treatment with 1 mg/ml of rhLf for 24 h and 72 h resulted in a significant inhibition of cancer cell growth by 32% and 25%, respectively. Moreover, rhLf increased fourfold the percentage of early and late apoptotic cells compared to the control. This effect was accompanied by increased levels of caspase-3 activity and cell cycle arrest at the S phase in rhLf-treated cancer cells. Furthermore, rhLf significantly attenuated A549 cell migration. Importantly, treatment of normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells with rhLf showed the cell viability and morphology comparable to the control. In contrast, chemotherapeutic etoposide induced cytotoxicity in NHBE cells and reduced the cell viability by 40%. These results demonstrate the selective anticancer effects of rhLf against lung adenocarcinoma cells without cytotoxicity on normal human cells. This study highlights a potential for clinical utility of this novel rhLf in patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Olszewska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Barbara Pazdrak
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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19
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Pan S, Weng H, Hu G, Wang S, Zhao T, Yao X, Liao L, Zhu X, Ge Y. Lactoferrin may inhibit the development of cancer via its immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory activities (Review). Int J Oncol 2021; 59:85. [PMID: 34533200 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is secreted by ectodermal tissue and has a structure similar to that of transferrin. Although Lf seems to be multifunctional, its main function is related to the natural defense system of mammals. The present review aims to highlight the major actions of Lf, including the regulation of cell growth, the inhibition of toxic compound formation, the removal of harmful free radicals and its important role in immune response regulation. Moreover, Lf has antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anticancer and anti‑inflammatory activities. In addition, the use of Lf for functionalization of drug nanocarriers, with emphasis on tumor‑targeted drug delivery, is illustrated. Such effects serve as an important theoretical basis for its future development and application. In neurodegenerative diseases and the brains of elderly people, Lf expression is markedly upregulated. Lf may exert an anti‑inflammatory effect by inhibiting the formation of hydroxyl free radicals. Through its antioxidant properties, Lf can prevent DNA damage, thereby preventing tumor formation in the central nervous system. In addition, Lf specifically activates the p53 tumor suppressor gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, P.R. China
| | - Huiting Weng
- Department of Clinical Nursing, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 430011, P.R. China
| | - Guohong Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, P.R. China
| | - Shiwen Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, P.R. China
| | - Tian Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, P.R. China
| | - Xueping Yao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, P.R. China
| | - Libin Liao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, P.R. China
| | - Yanshan Ge
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, The Third Affiliated Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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20
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Tsogtbaatar K, Sousa DA, Ferreira D, Tevlek A, Aydın HM, Çelik E, Rodrigues L. In vitro selection of DNA aptamers against human osteosarcoma. Invest New Drugs 2021; 40:172-181. [PMID: 34383183 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is a highly malignant bone tumor, most frequently occurring in the rapid bone growth phase. Effective treatment of this disease is hindered by the lack of specific probes for early diagnosis and the fast cancer widespread. METHODS To find such probes, the cell-Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (cell-SELEX) methodology was implemented against the human osteosarcoma MG-63 cell line towards the selection of new specific aptamers. After 10 rounds of selection, the aptamer DNA pool was Sanger sequenced and the sequences were subjected to a bioinformatic analysis that included sequence alignment, phylogenetic relationship, and secondary structure prediction. RESULTS A DNA aptamer (OS-7.9), with a dissociation constant (Kd) value in the nanomolar range (12.8 ± 0.9 nM), revealed high affinity against the target cells at the physiological temperature. Furthermore, the selected aptamer also recognized lung carcinoma and colon colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines, which are reported as common metastasis sites of osteosarcoma. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that OS-7.9 could recognize a common protein expressed in these cancer cells, possibly becoming a potential molecular probe for early diagnosis and targeted therapies for metastatic disease. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, this was the first attempt to generate a DNA aptamer (OS-7.9 aptamer) against the MG-63-cell line by cell-SELEX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaliunsarnai Tsogtbaatar
- Institute of Science, Hacettepe University, Bioengineering Division, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Diana A Sousa
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Debora Ferreira
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Atakan Tevlek
- Institute of Science, Hacettepe University, Bioengineering Division, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Halil Murat Aydın
- Institute of Science, Hacettepe University, Bioengineering Division, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
- Centre for Bioengineering, Hacettepe University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eda Çelik
- Institute of Science, Hacettepe University, Bioengineering Division, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hacettepe University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ligia Rodrigues
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
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21
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Najmafshar A, Rostami M, Varshosaz J, Norouzian D, Samsam Shariat SZA. Enhanced antitumor activity of bovine lactoferrin through immobilization onto functionalized nano graphene oxide: an in vitro/ in vivo study. Drug Deliv 2021; 27:1236-1247. [PMID: 32812454 PMCID: PMC7470100 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1809558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to improve the anticancer activity of bovine lactoferrin through enhancing its stability by immobilization onto graphene oxide. Bovine lactoferrin was conjugated onto graphene oxide and the conjugation process was confirmed by FT-IR, SDS-PAGE, and UV spectrophotometry. Physical characterization was performed by DLS analysis and atomic force microscopy. The cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of the final construct (CGO-PEG-bLF) was inspected on lung cancer TC-1 cells by MTT assay and flow cytometry/confocal microscopy. The anticancer mechanism of the CGO-PEG-bLF was studied by cell cycle analysis, apoptosis assay, and western blot technique. Finally, the anticancer activity of CGO-PEG-bLF was assessed in an animal model of lung cancer. Size and zeta potential of CGO-PEG-bLF was obtained in the optimum range. Compared with free bLF, more cytotoxic activity, cellular uptake and more survival time was obtained for CGO-PEG-bLF. CGO-PEG-bLF significantly inhibited tumor growth in the animal model. Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were more induced by CGO-PEG-bLF. Moreover, exposure to CGO-PEG-bLF decreased the phospho-AKT and pro-Caspase 3 levels and increased the amount of cleaved caspase 3 in the treated cells. This study revealed the potential of CGO-PEG as a promising nanocarrier for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Najmafshar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Rostami
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jaleh Varshosaz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Dariush Norouzian
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ziyae Aldin Samsam Shariat
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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22
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The milk-derived lactoferrin inhibits V-ATPase activity by targeting its V1 domain. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:54-70. [PMID: 34237360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf), a bioactive milk protein, exhibits strong anticancer and antifungal activities. The search for Lf targets and mechanisms of action is of utmost importance to enhance its effective applications. A common feature among Lf-treated cancer and fungal cells is the inhibition of a proton pump called V-ATPase. Lf-driven V-ATPase inhibition leads to cytosolic acidification, ultimately causing cell death of cancer and fungal cells. Given that a detailed elucidation of how Lf and V-ATPase interact is still missing, herein we aimed to fill this gap by employing a five-stage computational approach. Molecular dynamics simulations of both proteins were performed to obtain a robust sampling of their conformational landscape, followed by clustering, which allowed retrieving representative structures, to then perform protein-protein docking. Subsequently, molecular dynamics simulations of the docked complexes and free binding energy calculations were carried out to evaluate the dynamic binding process and build a final ranking based on the binding affinities. Detailed atomist analysis of the top ranked complexes clearly indicates that Lf binds to the V1 cytosolic domain of V-ATPase. Particularly, our data suggest that Lf binds to the interfaces between A/B subunits, where the ATP hydrolysis occurs, thus inhibiting this process. The free energy decomposition analysis further identified key binding residues that will certainly aid in the rational design of follow-up experimental studies, hence bridging computational and experimental biochemistry.
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23
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Kusumaningrum CE, Widyasari EM, Sriyani ME, Wongso H. Pharmacological activities and potential use of bovine colostrum for peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals: A review. PHARMACIA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.68.e65537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine colostrum (BC) is the initial milk produced by cows after giving birth. It has been used to treat human diseases, such as infections, inflammations, and cancers. Accumulating evidence suggests that bovine lactoferrin and bovine antibodies seem to be the most important bioactive constituents in BC. Thus, BC has also been reviewed for its potential to deliver short-term protection against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In addition, it can potentially be explored as a precursor for peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals. To date, several bioactive peptides have been isolated from BC, including casocidin-1, casecidin 15 and 17, isracidin, caseicin A, B, and C. Like other peptides, bioactive peptides derived from BC could be used as a valuable precursor for radiopharmaceuticals either for diagnosis or therapy purposes. This review provides bovine colostrum’s biological activities and a perspective on the potential use of peptides from BC for developing radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine.
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Santos-Pereira C, Andrés MT, Chaves SR, Fierro JF, Gerós H, Manon S, Rodrigues LR, Côrte-Real M. Lactoferrin perturbs lipid rafts and requires integrity of Pma1p-lipid rafts association to exert its antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:343-357. [PMID: 33421469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is a bioactive milk-derived protein with remarkable wide-spectrum antifungal activity. To deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying Lf cytotoxicity, the role of plasma membrane ergosterol- and sphingolipid-rich lipid rafts and their association with the proton pump Pma1p was explored. Pma1p was previously identified as a Lf-binding protein. Results showed that bovine Lf (bLf) perturbs ergosterol-rich lipid rafts organization by inducing intracellular accumulation of ergosterol. Using yeast mutant strains lacking lipid rafts-associated proteins or enzymes involved in the synthesis of ergosterol and sphingolipids, we found that perturbations in the composition of these membrane domains increase resistance to bLf-induced yeast cell death. Also, when Pma1p-lipid rafts association is compromised in the Pma1-10 mutant and in the absence of the Pma1p-binding protein Ast1p, the bLf killing activity is impaired. Altogether, results showed that the perturbation of lipid rafts and the inhibition of both Pma1p and V-ATPase activities mediate the antifungal activity of bLf. Since it is suggested that the combination of conventional antifungals with lipid rafts-disrupting compounds is a powerful antifungal approach, our data will help to pave the way for the use of bLf alone or in combination for the treatment/eradication of clinically and agronomically relevant yeast pathogens/fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Santos-Pereira
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - María T Andrés
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, University Clinic of Dentistry (CLUO) and Department of Functional Biology (Microbiology), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Susana R Chaves
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - José F Fierro
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, University Clinic of Dentistry (CLUO) and Department of Functional Biology (Microbiology), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Hernâni Gerós
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Stéphen Manon
- Institut de Biochimie et de Génétique Cellulaires, UMR5095, CNRS et Université de Bordeaux, CS61390, 1 Rue Camille Saint-Saëns, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Lígia R Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Manuela Côrte-Real
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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Sabra S, Agwa MM. Lactoferrin, a unique molecule with diverse therapeutical and nanotechnological applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1046-1060. [PMID: 32707283 PMCID: PMC7374128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) is a naturally glycoprotein with iron-binding properties and diverse biological applications including; antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer and immune stimulating effects. In addition, LF was found to be an ideal nanocarrier for some hydrophobic therapeutics because of its active targeting potential due to overexpression of its receptor on the surface of many cells. Moreover, it was proven to be a good candidate for fabrication of nanocarriers to specifically deliver drugs in case of brain tumors owing to the capability of LF to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB). Consequently, it seems to be a promising molecule with multiple applications in the field of cancer therapy and nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Sabra
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt.
| | - Mona M. Agwa
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Behooth St, Dokki, Giza 12311, Egypt,Corresponding authors
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26
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Ueda K, Shimizu M, Ohashi A, Murata D, Suzuki T, Kobayashi N, Baba J, Takeuchi T, Shiga Y, Nakamura M, Kagaya S, Sato A. Albumin fusion at the N-terminus or C-terminus of human lactoferrin leads to improved pharmacokinetics and anti-proliferative effects on cancer cell lines. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 155:105551. [PMID: 32946958 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Human lactoferrin (hLF), a soluble factor of the innate immune system, exhibits various biological functions and therefore has potential as a therapeutic protein. However, the clinical applications of hLF are limited by its low stability in blood. We therefore attempted to resolve this by producing recombinant hLF fused to human serum albumin (HSA). Two HSA-fused hLFs with different fusion orientations (hLF-HSA and HSA-hLF) were produced in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) DG44 cells. hLF-HSA revealed higher thermal stability, resistance to peptic degradation, and stability during the process of cellular uptake and release in an intestinal enterocyte model (Caco-2 cells) than HSA-hLF. The lower stability of HSA-hLF is presumably due to the steric hindrance imposed by HSA fusion to the N-terminus of hLF. Both HSA fusion proteins, especially HSA-hLF, displayed improved pharmacokinetic properties despite the lower protein stability of HSA-hLF. hLF-HSA and HSA-hLF exhibited approximately 3.3- and 20.7-fold longer half-lives (64.0 and 403.6 min), respectively, than holo-rhLF (19.5 min). Both HSA fusion proteins were found to exert enhanced growth inhibition effects on cancer cells in vitro, but not normal cells. Their enhanced growth inhibitory activities were considered to be due to the synergetic effects of hLF and HSA because hLF alone or HSA alone failed to exert such an effect. Altogether, Fusion of HSA to hLF yielded superior pharmacokinetics and anti-proliferative activities against cancer cells. HSA-fused hLF is a novel candidate for further application of hLF as biopharmaceuticals for intravenous administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Ueda
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1, Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan
| | - Maya Shimizu
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1, Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan
| | - Aimi Ohashi
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1, Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan
| | - Daisuke Murata
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1, Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan
| | - Takuo Suzuki
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health, Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Natsuki Kobayashi
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1, Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan
| | - Junpei Baba
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1, Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan
| | - Takashi Takeuchi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yuki Shiga
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1, Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan
| | - Masao Nakamura
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1, Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan
| | - Shinji Kagaya
- NRL Pharma, Inc., Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-0012, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sato
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1, Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan.
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27
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Elzoghby AO, Abdelmoneem MA, Hassanin IA, Abd Elwakil MM, Elnaggar MA, Mokhtar S, Fang JY, Elkhodairy KA. Lactoferrin, a multi-functional glycoprotein: Active therapeutic, drug nanocarrier & targeting ligand. Biomaterials 2020; 263:120355. [PMID: 32932142 PMCID: PMC7480805 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in protein-based nanomedicine, inspired by the success of Abraxane® albumin-paclitaxel nanoparticles, have resulted in novel therapeutics used for treatment of challenging diseases like cancer and viral infections. However, absence of specific drug targeting, poor pharmacokinetics, premature drug release, and off-target toxicity are still formidable challenges in the clinic. Therefore, alternative protein-based nanomedicines were developed to overcome those challenges. In this regard, lactoferrin (Lf), a glycoprotein of transferrin family, offers a promising biodegradable well tolerated material that could be exploited both as an active therapeutic and drug nanocarrier. This review highlights the major pharmacological actions of Lf including anti-cancer, antiviral, and immunomodulatory actions. Delivery technologies of Lf to improve its pries and enhance its efficacy were also reviewed. Moreover, different nano-engineering strategies used for fabrication of drug-loaded Lf nanocarriers were discussed. In addition, the use of Lf for functionalization of drug nanocarriers with emphasis on tumor-targeted drug delivery was illustrated. Besides its wide application in oncology nano-therapeutics, we discussed the recent advances of Lf-based nanocarriers as efficient platforms for delivery of anti-parkinsonian, anti-Alzheimer, anti-viral drugs, immunomodulatory and bone engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed O Elzoghby
- Center for Engineered Therapeutics, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences & Technology (HST), Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA; Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt; Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.
| | - Mona A Abdelmoneem
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhur University, Damanhur, 22516, Egypt
| | - Islam A Hassanin
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt; Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Abd Elwakil
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt; Laboratory of Innovative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Manar A Elnaggar
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt; Nanotechnology Program, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo (AUC), New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Sarah Mokhtar
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt; Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Kadria A Elkhodairy
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt; Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
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28
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Recombinant human lactoferrin induces apoptosis, disruption of F-actin structure and cell cycle arrest with selective cytotoxicity on human triple negative breast cancer cells. Apoptosis 2020; 24:562-577. [PMID: 30941553 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-019-01539-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Here, recombinant human lactoferrin (rhLf) expressed in Pichia pastoris was tested for its potential cytotoxic activity on a panel of six human breast cancer cell lines. The rhLf cytotoxic effect was determined via a live-cell HTS imaging assay. Also, confocal microscopy and flow cytometry protocols were employed to investigate the rhLf mode of action. The rhLf revealed an effective CC50 of 91.4 and 109.46 µg/ml on non-metastatic and metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells, with favorable selective cytotoxicity index values, 11.68 and 13.99, respectively. Moreover, rhLf displayed satisfactory SCI values on four additional cell lines, MDA-MB-468, HCC70, MCF-7 and T-47D (1.55-3.34). Also, rhLf provoked plasma membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation and cell shrinkage in MDA-MB-231 cells, being all three apoptosis-related morphological changes. Also, rhLf was able to shrink the microfilaments, forming a punctuated cytoplasmic pattern in both the MDA-MB-231 and Hs-27 cells, as visualized in confocal photomicrographs. Moreover, performing flow cytometric analysis, rhLf provoked significant phosphatidylserine externalization, cell cycle arrest in the S phase and apoptosis-induced DNA fragmentation in MDA-MB-231 cells. Hence, rhLf possesses selective cytotoxicity on breast cancer cells. Also, rhLf caused apoptosis-associated morphologic changes, disruption of F-actin cytoskeleton organization, phosphatidylserine externalization, DNA fragmentation, and arrest of the cell cycle progression on triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Overall results suggest that rhLf is using the apoptosis pathway as its mechanism to inflict cell death. Findings warranty further evaluation of rhLf as a potential anti-breast cancer drug option.
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29
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Cutone A, Rosa L, Ianiro G, Lepanto MS, Bonaccorsi di Patti MC, Valenti P, Musci G. Lactoferrin's Anti-Cancer Properties: Safety, Selectivity, and Wide Range of Action. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030456. [PMID: 32183434 PMCID: PMC7175311 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in cancer therapy, current treatments, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, although beneficial, present attendant side effects and long-term sequelae, usually more or less affecting quality of life of the patients. Indeed, except for most of the immunotherapeutic agents, the complete lack of selectivity between normal and cancer cells for radio- and chemotherapy can make them potential antagonists of the host anti-cancer self-defense over time. Recently, the use of nutraceuticals as natural compounds corroborating anti-cancer standard therapy is emerging as a promising tool for their relative abundance, bioavailability, safety, low-cost effectiveness, and immuno-compatibility with the host. In this review, we outlined the anti-cancer properties of Lactoferrin (Lf), an iron-binding glycoprotein of the innate immune defense. Lf shows high bioavailability after oral administration, high selectivity toward cancer cells, and a wide range of molecular targets controlling tumor proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, and metastasization. Of note, Lf is able to promote or inhibit cell proliferation and migration depending on whether it acts upon normal or cancerous cells, respectively. Importantly, Lf administration is highly tolerated and does not present significant adverse effects. Moreover, Lf can prevent development or inhibit cancer growth by boosting adaptive immune response. Finally, Lf was recently found to be an ideal carrier for chemotherapeutics, even for the treatment of brain tumors due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, thus globally appearing as a promising tool for cancer prevention and treatment, especially in combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antimo Cutone
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Luigi Rosa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.R.); (M.S.L.); (P.V.)
| | - Giusi Ianiro
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy;
| | - Maria Stefania Lepanto
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.R.); (M.S.L.); (P.V.)
| | | | - Piera Valenti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.R.); (M.S.L.); (P.V.)
| | - Giovanni Musci
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (G.M.)
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30
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Etman SM, Abdallah OY, Elnaggar YSR. Novel fucoidan based bioactive targeted nanoparticles from Undaria Pinnatifida for treatment of pancreatic cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 145:390-401. [PMID: 31881303 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fucoidan is a marine polymer extracted from diverse types of brown algae. This polysaccharide showed great potential towards treatment of different types of cancer. In this study, the activity of fucoidan extracted from Undaria Pinnatifida was investigated against pancreatic cancer (one of the most life-threatening cancers). Then, in an attempt to enhance the polymer's activity against cancer cells, conversion the polymer solution to nanoparticles was suggested to enhance its delivery through pancreatic cancer surrounding stroma. Novel fucoidan based nanoparticles were elaborated by polyelectrolyte interaction with the positively charged, active targeting ligand lactoferrin. The formulation was optimized through the interplay between different factors. Effect of fucoidan solution along with its blank nanoparticles was tested on the viability of pancreatic cancer cells and its migration and invasion abilities. Results confirmed the cytotoxic ability of fucoidan against pancreatic cancer. IC50 value decreased by 2.3 folds when the polymer was converted to nanoparticles. The prepared nanosystems showed an enhanced ability to prevent pancreatic cancer cells' migration and invasion. Results suggested the potential of using these nanoparticles as bioactive dual-targeted system either blank or loaded with different anticancer agents for treatment for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar M Etman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Ossama Y Abdallah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Yosra S R Elnaggar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Pharos University of Alexandria, Egypt.
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31
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Barragán-Cárdenas A, Urrea-Pelayo M, Niño-Ramírez VA, Umaña-Pérez A, Vernot JP, Parra-Giraldo CM, Fierro-Medina R, Rivera-Monroy Z, García-Castañeda J. Selective cytotoxic effect against the MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cell line of the antibacterial palindromic peptide derived from bovine lactoferricin. RSC Adv 2020; 10:17593-17601. [PMID: 35515633 PMCID: PMC9053608 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02688c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxic effect against the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468 of the palindromic peptide LfcinB (21–25)Pal: 1RWQWRWQWR9 and its analogous peptides, obtained via alanine scanning, was evaluated. The results indicate that the palindromic peptide exhibited a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect against this cell line. The cytotoxic effect of the palindromic peptide was fast and selective and was sustained for up to 48 h of treatment. MDA-MB-468 cells treated with the palindromic peptide exhibited severe cellular damage, acquiring rounded forms and shrinkage, a behavior typical of apoptotic events. The analogous peptides exhibited fewer cytotoxic effects than the original palindromic peptide, suggesting that the substitution of any amino acid with alanine diminishes the cytotoxic effect. The Arg and Trp residues proved to be the most relevant for the cytotoxic effect; the analogous peptides with substitutions of Trp with Ala did not induce a change in cellular morphology, while analogous peptides with substitutions of Arg or Gln with Ala induced cellular damage. Also, neither the palindromic peptide nor its analogues exerted a significant cytotoxic effect on normal fibroblasts, indicating that the peptides had a selective cytotoxic effect on cancerous cells. The peptide LfcinB (21–25)Pal, and its analogues exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus strains and a selective cytotoxic effect against the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468. The cytotoxic effect against the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468 of the palindromic peptide LfcinB (21–25)Pal: 1RWQWRWQWR9 and its analogous peptides, obtained via alanine scanning, was evaluated.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jean Paul Vernot
- Facultad de Medicina
- Departamento de Ciencias fisiológicas
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- 11321 Bogotá
- Colombia
| | | | | | - Zuly Rivera-Monroy
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- 11321 Bogotá
- Colombia
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32
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Cutone A, Colella B, Pagliaro A, Rosa L, Lepanto MS, Bonaccorsi di Patti MC, Valenti P, Di Bartolomeo S, Musci G. Native and iron-saturated bovine lactoferrin differently hinder migration in a model of human glioblastoma by reverting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-like process and inhibiting interleukin-6/STAT3 axis. Cell Signal 2019; 65:109461. [PMID: 31678680 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma, the most lethal form of brain cancer, is characterized by fast growth, migration and invasion of the surrounding parenchyma, with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like process being mostly responsible for tumour spreading and dissemination. A number of actors, including cadherins, vimentin, transcriptional factors such as SNAIL, play critical roles in the EMT process. The interleukin (IL)-6/STAT3 axis has been related to enhanced glioblastoma's migration and invasion abilities as well. Here, we present data on the differential effects of native and iron-saturated bovine lactoferrin (bLf), an iron-chelating glycoprotein of the innate immune response, in inhibiting migration in a human glioblastoma cell line. Through a wound healing assay, we found that bLf was able to partially or completely hinder cell migration, depending on its iron saturation rate. At a molecular level, bLf down-regulated both SNAIL and vimentin expression, while inducing a notable increase in cadherins' levels and inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 axis. Again, these effects positively correlated to bLf iron-saturation state, with the Holo-form resulting more efficient than the native one. Overall, our data suggest that bLf could represent a novel and efficient adjuvant treatment for glioblastoma's standard therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antimo Cutone
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy
| | - Barbara Colella
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy
| | - Andrea Pagliaro
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy
| | - Luigi Rosa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Lepanto
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Piera Valenti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Musci
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy.
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33
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Noh S, Choi E, Hwang CH, Jung JH, Kim SH, Kim B. Dietary Compounds for Targeting Prostate Cancer. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102401. [PMID: 31597327 PMCID: PMC6835786 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, and the burden of the disease is increased. Although several chemotherapies have been used, concerns about the side effects have been raised, and development of alternative therapy is inevitable. The purpose of this study is to prove the efficacy of dietary substances as a source of anti-tumor drugs by identifying their carcinostatic activities in specific pathological mechanisms. According to numerous studies, dietary substances were effective through following five mechanisms; apoptosis, anti-angiogenesis, anti-metastasis, microRNA (miRNA) regulation, and anti-multi-drug-resistance (MDR). About seventy dietary substances showed the anti-prostate cancer activities. Most of the substances induced the apoptosis, especially acting on the mechanism of caspase and poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage. These findings support that dietary compounds have potential to be used as anticancer agents as both food supplements and direct clinical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungjin Noh
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Korea.
| | - Eunseok Choi
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Korea.
| | - Cho-Hyun Hwang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Korea.
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Korea.
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Korea.
| | - Bonglee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Korea.
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Korea.
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34
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Niaz B, Saeed F, Ahmed A, Imran M, Maan AA, Khan MKI, Tufail T, Anjum FM, Hussain S, Suleria HAR. Lactoferrin (LF): a natural antimicrobial protein. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2019.1666137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Niaz
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Awais Ahmed
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University Institute of Diet & Nutritional Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abid Aslam Maan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Tabussam Tufail
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Shahzad Hussain
- College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud, University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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35
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Bo LY, Li TJ, Zhao XH. Effect of Cu/Mn-Fortification on In Vitro Activities of the Peptic Hydrolysate of Bovine Lactoferrin against Human Gastric Cancer BGC-823 Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:E1195. [PMID: 30934696 PMCID: PMC6480624 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine lactoferrin hydrolysate (BLH) was prepared with pepsin, fortified with Cu2+ (Mn2+) 0.64 and 1.28 (0.28 and 0.56) mg/g protein, and then assessed for their activity against human gastric cancer BGC-823 cells. BLH and the four fortified BLH products dose- and time-dependently had growth inhibition on the cells in both short- and long-time experiments. These samples at dose level of 25 mg/mL could stop cell-cycle progression at the G0/G1-phase, damage mitochondrial membrane, and induce cell apoptosis. In total, the fortified BLH products had higher activities in the cells than BLH alone. Moreover, higher Cu/Mn fortification level brought higher effects, and Mn was more effective than Cu to increase these effects. In the treated cells, the apoptosis-related proteins such as Bad, Bax, p53, cytochrome c, caspase-3, and caspase-9 were up-regulated, while Bcl-2 was down-regulated. Caspase-3 activation was also evidenced using a caspase-3 inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk. Thus, Cu- and especially Mn-fortification of BLH brought health benefits such as increased anti-cancer activity in the BGC-823 cells via activating the apoptosis-related proteins to induce cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ying Bo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Tie-Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Xin-Huai Zhao
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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