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Khan MRUZ, Trivedi V. Molecular modelling, docking and network analysis of phytochemicals from Haritaki churna: role of protein cross-talks for their action. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:4297-4312. [PMID: 37288779 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2220036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemicals are bioactive agents present in medicinal plants with therapeutic values. Phytochemicals isolated from plants target multiple cellular processes. In the current work, we have used fractionation techniques to identify 13 bioactive polyphenols in ayurvedic medicine Haritaki Churna. Employing the advanced spectroscopic and fractionation, structure of bioactive polyphenols was determined. Blasting the phytochemical structure allow us to identify a total of 469 protein targets from Drug bank and Binding DB. Phytochemicals with their protein targets from Drug bank was used to create a phytochemical-protein network comprising of 394 nodes and 1023 edges. It highlights the extensive cross-talk between protein target corresponding to different phytochemicals. Analysis of protein targets from Binding data bank gives a network comprised of 143 nodes and 275 edges. Taking the data together from Drug bank and binding data, seven most prominent drug targets (HSP90AA1, c-Src kinase, EGFR, Akt1, EGFR, AR, and ESR-α) were found to be target of the phytochemicals. Molecular modelling and docking experiment indicate that phytochemicals are fitting nicely into active site of the target proteins. The binding energy of the phytochemicals were better than the inhibitors of these protein targets. The strength and stability of the protein ligand complexes were further confirmed using molecular dynamic simulation studies. Further, the ADMET profiles of phytochemicals extracted from HCAE suggests that they can be potential drug targets. The phytochemical cross-talk was further proven by choosing c-Src as a model. HCAE down regulated c-Src and its downstream protein targets such as Akt1, cyclin D1 and vimentin. Hence, network analysis followed by molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and in-vitro studies clearly highlight the role of protein network and subsequent selection of drug candidate based on network pharmacology.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rafi Uz Zama Khan
- Malaria Research Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Vishal Trivedi
- Malaria Research Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Elsaman T, Muddathir AM, Mohieldin EAM, Batubara I, Rahminiwati M, Yamauchi K, Mohamed MA, Asoka SF, Büsselberg D, Habtemariam S, Sharifi-Rad J. Ginsenoside Rg5 as an anticancer drug: a comprehensive review on mechanisms, structure-activity relationship, and prospects for clinical advancement. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:287-306. [PMID: 38526651 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00586-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death in the world. Despite the considerable success of conventional treatment strategies, the incidence and mortality rates are still high, making developing new effective anticancer therapies an urgent priority. Ginsenoside Rg5 (Rg5) is a minor ginsenoside constituent obtained exclusively from ginseng species and is known for its broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. This article aimed to comprehensively review the anticancer properties of Rg5, focusing on action mechanisms, structure-activity relationship (SAR), and pharmacokinetics attributes. The in vitro and in vivo activities of Rg5 have been proven against several cancer types, such as breast, liver, lung, bone, and gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. The modulation of multiple signaling pathways critical for cancer growth and survival mediates these activities. Nevertheless, human clinical studies of Rg5 have not been addressed before, and there is still considerable ambiguity regarding its pharmacokinetics properties. In addition, a significant shortage in the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of Rg5 has been identified. Therefore, future efforts should focus on further optimization by performing extensive SAR studies to uncover the structural features essential for the potent anticancer activity of Rg5. Thus, this review highlights the value of Rg5 as a potential anticancer drug candidate and identifies the research areas requiring more investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilal Elsaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Mahmoud Muddathir
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat, 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | | | - Irmanida Batubara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
- Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Min Rahminiwati
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science, IPB University, Jln Agathis Dramaga, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
- Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Jl. Taman Kencana No. 3, Bogor, West Java, 16128, Indonesia
| | - Kosei Yamauchi
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Magdi Awadalla Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadila Fira Asoka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
- Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research and Herbal Analysis Services UK, Central Avenue , Chatham, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK
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Chanu KD, Thoithoisana S, Kar A, Mukherjee PK, Radhakrishnanand P, Parmar K, Sharma N. Phytochemically analysed extract of Ageratina adenophora (Sprengel) R.M.King & H. Rob. initiates caspase 3-dependant apoptosis in colorectal cancer cell: A synergistic approach with chemotherapeutic drugs. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117591. [PMID: 38104872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ageratina adenophora (Sprengel) R.M.King & H.Rob. has been used as traditional indigenous medicine all across the globe for its diverse therapeutic applications such as anticancer, analgesic, antipyretic, thermogenic, antiseptic, antimicrobial as well as astringent. The various ethnic groups of India use plant parts to treat cuts and wounds, venomous insect bites, skin lesions, blisters, scabies and other skin irritations, gastritis and indigestion problems, cough, stomach ache and dysentery. The Portuguese traditionally extract the juice from the plant and use it for cancer, diabetes, liver disorder, gallbladder and stomach ailments. Nigerian healers use different parts of the plant to treat diabetes, fever and inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxic potential of A. adenophora hydroalcoholic leaves extract (AHL) on Colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines (HCT-116, HCT-15 and HT-29), synergistic potential with chemotherapeutic drugs 5FU and Cisplatin as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, based on the sample collected from Mao district of Manipur, India. Identification of bioactive phytocompounds in AHL was also performed by HRLCMS. METHODS The AHL was evaluated for its cytotoxic as well as antiproliferative activities by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, clonogenic and cell migration assays. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were quantified by Folin-ciocalteu and Aluminium chloride assays respectively. Caspase 3 activation was evaluated using Caspase-3 Assay Kit. Apoptosis detection by flow cytometry was carried out using annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit. The apoptotic cells were also visualized by Giemsa and 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. The intracellular Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was also evaluated using fluorescent probe 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein di-acetate (H2DCFDA) in flow cytometry. The combination effects of AHL with chemotherapeutic drugs 5FU and Cisplatin were also evaluated. The identification of phytochemical constituents of AHL were analysed by HR-LCMS. RESULTS The AHL induced cytotoxic activity significantly in HCT-116 with IC50 of 65.65 ± 2.10 μg/mL, but non-cancerous cell HeK-293 was least cytotoxic. Colony formation and cell migration were inhibited in a dose and time dependent manner. The cell morphology upon AHL treatment was significantly altered with apoptotic features. The extract was rich in total phenolic (82.09 ± 0.35mgGAE/g) and total flavonoid (58.31 ± 0.55 mgQAE/g) contents. AHL induced apoptosis as detected by AnnexinV/PI, via activation of caspase 3 and elevated production of Reactive oxygen species (ROS). AHL in combination with 5FU and Cisplatin acts synergistically and potentiates the therapeutic properties of the extract. Sesquiterpenes, phenolic as well as flavonoid derivatives with anticancer properties were detected in AHL by HRLCMS, and these phytoconstituents may be attributed for anticancer property of AHL. CONCLUSION The present study evaluates the effectiveness of AHL against Colorectal cancer cell lines. AHL is cytotoxic and induces apoptosis in HCT-116 cells by caspase 3 activation and increased ROS production that can be attributed to sesquiterpenoids. Thus, the plant A. adenophora has therapeutic potential for Colorectal cancer and can be further exploited for developing anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaidem Devika Chanu
- Institute of Bio-resources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India.
| | - Soibam Thoithoisana
- Institute of Bio-resources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India; Department of Zoology, Manipur University (MU), Imphal, 795003, Manipur, India.
| | - Amit Kar
- Institute of Bio-resources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India.
| | - Pulok Kumar Mukherjee
- Institute of Bio-resources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India.
| | - P Radhakrishnanand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati (NIPER), Assam, 781101, India.
| | - Keyur Parmar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati (NIPER), Assam, 781101, India.
| | - Nanaocha Sharma
- Institute of Bio-resources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India.
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Bhattacharya K, Mahato S, Deka S, Chanu NR, Shrivastava AK, Khanal P. Netting into the Sophoretin pool: An approach to trace GSTP1 inhibitors for reversing chemoresistance. Comput Biol Chem 2024; 108:107981. [PMID: 37976621 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Chemoresistance, a significant challenge in cancer treatment, is often associated with the cellular glutathione-related detoxification system. The GSTP1 isoenzyme (glutathione S-transferases) plays a critical role in the cytoplasmic inactivation of anticancer drugs. This suggests the identification of GSTP1 inhibitors to combat chemoresistance. We screened Sophoretin (also called quercetin) derivatives for molecular properties, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity profiles. Following that, we conducted molecular docking and simulations between selected derivatives and GSTP1. The best-docked complex, GSTP1-quercetin 7-O-β-D-glucoside, exhibited a binding affinity of -8.1 kcal/mol, with no predicted toxicity and good pharmacokinetic properties. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the stability of this complex. Quercetin 7-O-β-D-glucoside shows promise as a lead candidate for addressing chemoresistance in cancer patients, although further experimental studies are needed to validate its efficacy and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Bhattacharya
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam 781026, India; Royal School of Pharmacy, The Assam Royal Global University, Assam 781035, India.
| | - Shikha Mahato
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam 781026, India
| | - Satyendra Deka
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam 781026, India
| | - Nongmaithem Randhoni Chanu
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam 781026, India; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam Downtown University, Assam, India
| | - Amit Kumar Shrivastava
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicine Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Pukar Khanal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, KLE College of Pharmacy, Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi 590010, India.
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Wei F, Wang J, Luo L, Tayyab Rashid M, Zeng L. The perception and influencing factors of astringency, and health-promoting effects associated with phytochemicals: A comprehensive review. Food Res Int 2023; 170:112994. [PMID: 37316067 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Astringency as the complex sensory of drying or shrinking can be perceived from natural foods, including abundant phenolic compounds. Up to now, there have been two possible astringency perception mechanisms of phenolic compounds. The first possible mechanism involved chemosensors and mechanosensors and took salivary binding proteins as the premise. Although piecemeal reports about chemosensors, friction mechanosensor's perception mechanisms were absent. There might be another perception way because a part of astringent phenolic compounds also triggered astringency although they could not bind with salivary proteins, however, the specific mechanism was unclear. Structures caused the differences in astringency perception mechanisms and intensities. Except for structures, other influencing factors also changed astringency perception intensity and aimed to decrease it, which probably ignored the health-promoting effects of phenolic compounds. Therefore, we roundly summarized the chemosensor's perception processes of the first mechanism. Meanwhile, we speculated that friction mechanosensor's probably activated Piezo2 ion channel on cell membranes. Phenolic compounds directly binds with oral epithelial cells, activating Piezo2 ion channel probably the another astringency perception mechanism. Except for structure, the increase of pH values, ethanol concentrations, and viscosity not only lowered astringency perception but were beneficial to improve the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of astringent phenolic compounds, which contributed to stronger antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiaging and anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wei
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Tea Research Institute of Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yongchuan, Chongqing 402160, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyong Luo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China; Tea Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Tayyab Rashid
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China.
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Phenolic acids and a static magnetic field change the expression of transforming growth factor β isoforms in amelanotic melanoma cells. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:4207-4216. [PMID: 36899279 PMCID: PMC10147755 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08336-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is an aggressive type of cancer that can metastasize to numerous other organs. TGFβ is one of the key signaling pathways in melanoma progression. Previous studies on various types of cancer have shown that both: polyphenols and a static magnetic field (SMF) can be potential chemopreventive/therapeutic agents. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a SMF and selected polyphenols on the transcriptional activity of TGFβ genes in melanoma cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Experiments were performed on the C32 cell line treated with caffeic or chlorogenic acids, and with simultaneous exposure to a moderate-strength SMF. The RT-qPCR method was used to determine the mRNA level of genes encoding the TGFβ isoforms and their receptors. The concentration of the TGFβ1 and TGFβ2 proteins were also measured in the cell culture supernates. The first response of C32 melanoma cells to both factors is the reduction of TGFβ levels. Then, mRNA level of these molecules returned to values close to pre-treatment level by the end of experiment. CONCLUSION Our study results demonstrate the potential of polyphenols and a moderate-strength SMF to support cancer therapy by altering TGFβ expression, which is a very promising topic for the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma.
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Lisiak N, Dzikowska P, Wisniewska U, Kaczmarek M, Bednarczyk-Cwynar B, Zaprutko L, Rubis B. Biological Activity of Oleanolic Acid Derivatives HIMOXOL and Br-HIMOLID in Breast Cancer Cells Is Mediated by ER and EGFR. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5099. [PMID: 36982173 PMCID: PMC10048893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most frequently observed malignancies worldwide and represents a heterogeneous group of cancers. For this reason, it is crucial to properly diagnose every single case so a specific and efficient therapy can be adjusted. One of the most critical diagnostic parameters evaluated in cancer tissue is the status of the estrogen receptor (ER) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Interestingly, the expression of the indicated receptors may be used in a personalized therapy approach. Importantly, the promising role of phytochemicals in the modulation of pathways controlled by ER and EGFR was also demonstrated in several types of cancer. One such biologically active compound is oleanolic acid, but due to poor water solubility and cell membrane permeability that limits its use, alternative derivative compounds were developed. These are HIMOXOL and Br-HIMOLID, which were demonstrated to be capable of inducing apoptosis and autophagy or diminishing the migratory and invasive potential of breast cancer cells in vitro. In our study, we revealed that proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, and also the migratory potential of HIMOXOL and Br-HIMOLID in breast cancer cells are mediated by ER (MCF7) and EGFR (MDA-MB-231) receptors. These observations make the studied compounds interesting in the context of anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Lisiak
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Patrycja Dzikowska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Urszula Wisniewska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Garbary 15 St., 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Barbara Bednarczyk-Cwynar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6 St., 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Lucjusz Zaprutko
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6 St., 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Blazej Rubis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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Niu H, Wang D, Wen T, Liu H, Jie J, Song L, Li D. Anwuligan inhibits the progression of non-small cell lung cancer via let-7c-3p/PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis. Cancer Med 2023; 12:5908-5925. [PMID: 36412203 PMCID: PMC10028152 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anwuligan (ANW) isolated from nutmeg, also known as myristyl lignan, has attracted attention due to its therapeutic potential in diseases. However, its effect on lung cancer is still unclear. METHODS In this study, the cytotoxicity of ANW on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells was detected using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. In vitro, clone formation, wound healing, and Transwell assays were used to investigate the migratory and invasive abilities of NSCLC cells after ANW treatment. The expression levels of the associated proteins were detected using Western blotting. A luciferase assay was used to validate the binding of let-7c-3p to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of PIK3CA. In vivo, an A549 cell xenograft mouse model was used to verify the effect of ANW on tumor growth. RESULTS The results showed that ANW treatment (20 or 50 μM) had obvious cytotoxicity against A549 and H460 cells, suppressing cell proliferation and migration in vitro. In vivo, the growth of the implanted tumor was inhibited by ANW in a nude mouse model. The growth of NSCLC cells was also inhibited by let-7c-3p overexpression in vitro and in vivo. The inhibitory effect of ANW on the proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC cells was weakened by the downregulation of let-7c-3p, whereas it was enhanced by the overexpression of let-7c-3p; PIK3CA was the main target of let-7c-3p. CONCLUSIONS In summary, ANW inhibits the growth and metastasis of NSCLC cells in vivo and in vitro by upregulating the expression of let-7c-3p, which can regulate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. PIK3CA is the main target of let-7c-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huikun Niu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dexiang Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tingting Wen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Jie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Tuli HS, Vashishth K, Sak K, Mohapatra RK, Dhama K, Kumar M, Abbas Z, Lata K, Yerer MB, Garg VK, Sharma AK, Kaur G. Anticancer Role of Natural Phenolic Acids by Targeting Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE). ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMISTRY IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2023:465-481. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-23621-1_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
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Qiang M, Cai P, Ao M, Li X, Chen Z, Yu L. Polysaccharides from Chinese materia medica: Perspective towards cancer management. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 224:496-509. [PMID: 36265542 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cancer has always been a focus of global attention, and the difficulty of treatment and poor prognosis have always plagued humanity. Conventional chemotherapeutics and treatment with synthetic disciplines will cause adverse side effects and drug resistance. Therefore, searching for a safe, valid, and clinically effective drug is necessary. At present, some natural compounds have proved to have the potential to fight cancer. Polysaccharides obtained from Chinese materia medica are good anti-cancer ingredients. Polysaccharides are macromolecular compounds of equal or distinct monosaccharides with an α- or β-glycosidic bonds. The anti-cancer activity has been fully demonstrated in vivo and in vitro. However, Chinese materia medica polysaccharides are only used as adjuvant therapy for cancer-related diseases. Hence, this review mainly discusses the chemical composition, biological activity, absorption in vivo, and clinical application of Chinese materia medica polysaccharides. Also, we discussed the anti-cancer mechanism. We also discussed the current research's limitations on treating cancer with Chinese materia medica polysaccharides and insights into future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqin Qiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Pingjun Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyue Ao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhimin Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lingying Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.
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Anifowose SO, Alqahtani WSN, Al-Dahmash BA, Sasse F, Jalouli M, Aboul-Soud MAM, Badjah-Hadj-Ahmed AY, Elnakady YA. Efforts in Bioprospecting Research: A Survey of Novel Anticancer Phytochemicals Reported in the Last Decade. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238307. [PMID: 36500400 PMCID: PMC9738008 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioprospecting natural products to find prominent agents for medical application is an area of scientific endeavor that has produced many clinically used bioactive compounds, including anticancer agents. These compounds come from plants, microorganisms, and marine life. They are so-called secondary metabolites that are important for a species to survive in the hostile environment of its respective ecosystem. The kingdom of Plantae has been an important source of traditional medicine in the past and is also enormously used today as an exquisite reservoir for detecting novel bioactive compounds that are potent against hard-to-treat maladies such as cancer. Cancer therapies, especially chemotherapies, are fraught with many factors that are difficult to manage, such as drug resistance, adverse side effects, less selectivity, complexity, etc. Here, we report the results of an exploration of the databases of PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar for bioactive anticancer phytochemicals published between 2010 and 2020. Our report is restricted to new compounds with strong-to-moderate bioactivity potential for which mass spectroscopic structural data are available. Each of the phytochemicals reported in this review was assigned to chemical classes with peculiar anticancer properties. In our survey, we found anticancer phytochemicals that are reported to have selective toxicity against cancer cells, to sensitize MDR cancer cells, and to have multitarget effects in several signaling pathways. Surprisingly, many of these compounds have limited follow-up studies. Detailed investigations into the synthesis of more functional derivatives, chemical genetics, and the clinical relevance of these compounds are required to achieve safer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheed O. Anifowose
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11415, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wejdan S. N. Alqahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11415, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badr A. Al-Dahmash
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11415, Saudi Arabia
| | - Florenz Sasse
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, Technical University of Braunschweig, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maroua Jalouli
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mourad A. M. Aboul-Soud
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Yasser A. Elnakady
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11415, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
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12
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Dietary Polyphenols and In Vitro Intestinal Fructose Uptake and Transport: A Systematic Literature Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214355. [PMID: 36430831 PMCID: PMC9697405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence links chronic consumption of large amounts of fructose (FRU) with several non-communicable disease. After ingestion, dietary FRU is absorbed into the intestinal tract by glucose transporter (GLUT) 5 and transported to the portal vein via GLUT2. GLUT2 is primarily localized on the basolateral membrane, but GLUT2 may be dislocated post-prandially from the basolateral membrane of intestinal cells to the apical one. Polyphenols (PP) are plant secondary metabolites that exert hypoglycemic properties by modulating intracellular insulin signaling pathways and by inhibiting intestinal enzymes and transporters. Post-prandially, PP may reach high concentrations in the gut lumen, making the inhibition of FRU absorption a prime target for exploring the effects of PP on FRU metabolism. Herein, we have systematically reviewed studies on the effect of PP and PP-rich products on FRU uptake and transport in intestinal cells. In spite of expectations, the very different experimental conditions in the various individual studies do not allow definitive conclusions to be drawn. Future investigations should rely on standardized conditions in order to obtain comparable results that allow a credible rating of polyphenols and polyphenol-rich products as inhibitors of fructose uptake.
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13
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Ma H, Yu H, Li Z, Cao Z, Du Y, Dai J, Zhi D, Xu Y, Li N, Wang J. β-Carboline dimers inhibit the tumor proliferation by the cell cycle arrest of sarcoma through intercalating to Cyclin-A2. Front Immunol 2022; 13:922183. [PMID: 36325324 PMCID: PMC9618858 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.922183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Carbolines are potentially strong alkaloids with a wide range of bioactivities, and their dimers exhibit stronger antitumor activity other than the monomers. However, the detailed mechanisms of the β-carboline dimers in inhibiting sarcoma (SARC) remain unclear. The results showed that β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid dimers Comp1 and Comp2, which were synthesized in our lab and modified at the N9 position and linked at the C3 position, exhibited effective inhibition activity on MG-63 proliferation (IC50 = 4.6μM). Meanwhile, the large scale transcriptome profiles of SARC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed, and found that abnormal expression of genes relevant to apoptosis, cell cycle, and signaling pathways of Hedgehog, HIF, Ras involved in the SARC pathogenesis. Interestingly, both dimers could promote the apoptosis and arrest the cell cycle in S phase to inhibit proliferation of MG-63. Moreover, Comp1 and Comp2 inhibited the expression CDK2, CCNA2, DBF4, and PLK1 associated with various immune cells and cell cycle in MG-63. Remarkably, drug-target interaction network analysis showed that numerous proteins involved in cell cycle were the potential targets of Comp1 and Comp2, especially CCNA2. Further molecular docking, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and Cellular Thermal Shift Assay (CETSA) confirmed that both dimers could directly interact with CCNA2, which is significantly correlated with CD4+ T cells, by strong hydrophobic interactions (Kd=5.821 ×106 N). Meanwhile, the levels of CCNA2 and CDK2 were inhibited to decrease in MG-63 by both dimer treatments at transcription and protein levels, implying that Comp1 and Comp2 blocked the interaction between CCNA2 and CDK2 through competitive binding with CCNA2 to arrest the cell cycle of MG-63 cells in the S phase. Additionally, the transcriptome profiles of β-carboline-treated mice from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were obtained, and found that similar antitumor mechanism was shared among β-carboline derivatives. Overall, our results elucidated the antitumor mechanisms of Comp1 and Comp2 through dual-suppressing the function of CCNA2 to profoundly arrest cell cycle of MG-63, then effectively inhibited cell proliferation of MG-63. These results provide new insights into the antitumor mechanism of β-carboline dimers and new routes of various novel cancer-related drug targets for future possible cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiya Ma
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hongzhi Yu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhengyang Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhi Cao
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Youwei Du
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiangkun Dai
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Dongming Zhi
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yujie Xu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Na Li
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Junru Wang, ; Na Li,
| | - Junru Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- *Correspondence: Junru Wang, ; Na Li,
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El-Sheekh MM, Nassef M, Bases E, Shafay SE, El-Shenody R. Antitumor immunity and therapeutic properties of marine seaweeds-derived extracts in the treatment of cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:267. [PMID: 35999584 PMCID: PMC9396856 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02683-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine seaweeds are important sources of drugs with several pharmacological characteristics. The present study aims to evaluate the antitumor and antitumor immunological potentials of the extracts from the brown alga Padina pavonica and the red alga Jania rubens, inhibiting the Egyptian marine coasts. Hep-G2 cell lines were used for assessment of the antitumor efficacy of Padina pavonica and Jania rubens extracts in vitro, while Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells were applied to gain more antitumor immunity and antitumor insights of P. pavonica and J. rubens extracts in vivo. In vitro antitumor potentials of P. pavonica and J. rubens extracts were analyzed against human liver cancer Hep-G2 cells by MTT and trypan blue exclusion assays. In vivo antitumor immunological potentials of P. pavonica and J. rubens extracts at low, high, and prophylactic doses were analyzed by blood counting and flow cytometry in mice challenged with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells. In vitro results revealed that P. pavonica and J. rubens extracts caused significant decreases in the number and viability of Hep-G2 cells in a dose-dependent manner as compared to untreated Hep-G2 cells or Cisplatin®-treated Hep-G2 cells. In vivo findings showed that P. pavonica and J. rubens extracts at low, high, and prophylactic doses significantly reduced the number and viability of EAC tumor cells accompanied by increases in EAC apoptosis compared to naïve EAC mouse. Additionally, P. pavonica and J. rubens extracts at low and prophylactic doses remarkably increased both the total WBC count and the relative numbers of lymphocytes and decreased the relative numbers of neutrophils and monocytes. Flow cytometric analysis showed that P. pavonica and J. rubens extracts at the treatment and the prophylactic doses resulted in a significant increase in the phenotypic expressions of CD4+ T, CD8+ T, and CD335 cells compared to naïve EAC mouse. Overall, both extracts P. pavonica and J. rubens possess potential antitumor and antitumor immunological effects with less toxicity, opening new approaches for further studies of the chemical and biological mechanisms behind these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M El-Sheekh
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Nassef
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Eman Bases
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Shimaa El Shafay
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Rania El-Shenody
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
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15
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Salunke MA, Wakure BS, Wakte PS. High-resolution liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (HR-LCMS) assisted phytochemical profiling and an assessment of anticancer activities of Gracilaria foliifera and Turbinaria conoides using in vitro and molecular docking analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-16. [PMID: 35975591 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2108495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Marine algae's, owing to diverse range of secondary metabolites, opening up the new avenues in new drug development and can be used efficiently in anticancer research. Two seaweeds Gracilaria foliifera and Turbinaria conoides are subjected to phytochemical investigation by HR-LCMS and NMR which confirms presence of different bioactive compounds. The cytotoxicity of the dichloromethane (DCM) fraction of Gracilaria foliifera and Turbinaria conoides was determined using an in vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test and showed considerable dose-dependent cytotoxicity on tumour cell lines. In MCF7, Gracilaria foliifera had an IC50 of 100 μg/ml, while Turbinaria conoides had an IC50 of 200 μg/ml and both the DCM fraction had IC50 values of 100 μg/ml in the A549 cell line. MTT assay for anticancer activity suggest that Gracilaria foliifera has potent anticancer activity in both breast and lung cell lines, while the DCM fraction of Turbinaria conoides has potent activity in lung cell lines and moderate activity in breast cell lines. The anticancer effects of the discovered drugs targeting the most prevalent enzymes VEGFR and AXL tyrosine kinases were confirmed using a computational technique. We believe that residues from VEGFR, like Lys868, Asn923, Asp1046, and Phe1047 and Asp690 from Axl kinase may have contributed to the plausible anti-cancer benefit seen in this study. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohini Anandrao Salunke
- University Department of Chemical Technology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Balaji Sopanrao Wakure
- VDF School of Pharmacy, Vilasrao Deshmukh Foundation, Group of Institutions, Latur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pravin Shridhar Wakte
- University Department of Chemical Technology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
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16
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Zhang YY, Feng PP, Wang HF, Zhang H, Liang T, Hao XS, Wang FZ, Fei HR. Licochalcone B induces DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and enhances TRAIL sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 365:110076. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Ruellia tuberosa Ethyl Acetate Leaf Extract Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Human Breast Cancer Cell Line, MCF-7. Sci Pharm 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm90030044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruellia tuberosa L. has been previously shown to possess antioxidant and antiproliferative activities on cancer cells but its underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the mode of action underlying this inhibitory effect on MCF-7 using ethyl acetate extract obtained after liquid-liquid partition of methanol crude extract. Antiproliferative effect of R. tuberosa ethyl acetate leaf extract (RTEAL) was evaluated using MTT assay. Its ability to induce apoptosis was assessed by DNA ladder formation, JC-1, Annexin V, and methylene blue staining assays. Perturbation of cell cycle progression was determined using flow cytometry. RTEAL was found to selectively inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 cells with the IC50 value of 28 µg/mL. Morphological changes such as nuclear fragmentation and chromatin condensation were observed although DNA laddering was undetected in agarose gel. RTEAL-induced apoptotic pathways by inhibiting the expression of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 while upregulating pro-apoptotic BAX, caspase 7 and caspase 8. RTEAL also caused cell cycle arrests at the S and G2/M phase and dysregulation of cell cycle regulators. These findings collectively demonstrate that RTEAL extract inhibited cell growth by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, suggesting its therapeutic potential against breast cancer.
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18
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Involvement of Phytochemical-Encapsulated Nanoparticles' Interaction with Cellular Signalling in the Amelioration of Benign and Malignant Brain Tumours. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113561. [PMID: 35684498 PMCID: PMC9182026 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumours have unresolved challenges that include delay prognosis and lower patient survival rate. The increased understanding of the molecular pathways underlying cancer progression has aided in developing various anticancer medications. Brain cancer is the most malignant and invasive type of cancer, with several subtypes. According to the WHO, they are classified as ependymal tumours, chordomas, gangliocytomas, medulloblastomas, oligodendroglial tumours, diffuse astrocytomas, and other astrocytic tumours on the basis of their heterogeneity and molecular mechanisms. The present study is based on the most recent research trends, emphasising glioblastoma cells classified as astrocytoma. Brain cancer treatment is hindered by the failure of drugs to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB), which is highly impregnableto foreign molecule entry. Moreover, currently available medications frequently fail to cross the BBB, whereas chemotherapy and radiotherapy are too expensive to be afforded by an average incomeperson and have many associated side effects. When compared to our current understanding of molecularly targeted chemotherapeutic agents, it appears that investigating the efficacy of specific phytochemicals in cancer treatment may be beneficial. Plants and their derivatives are game changers because they are efficacious, affordable, environmentally friendly, faster, and less toxic for the treatment of benign and malignant tumours. Over the past few years, nanotechnology has made a steady progress in diagnosing and treating cancers, particularly brain tumours. This article discusses the effects of phytochemicals encapsulated in nanoparticles on molecular targets in brain tumours, along with their limitations and potential challenges.
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19
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Dall’Asta M, Barbato M, Rocchetti G, Rossi F, Lucini L, Marsan PA, Colli L. Nutrigenomics: an underestimated contribution to the functional role of polyphenols. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Kumar A, Kaur S, Dhiman S, Singh PP, Bhatia G, Thakur S, Tuli HS, Sharma U, Kumar S, Almutary AG, Alnuqaydan AM, Hussain A, Haque S, Dhama K, Kaur S. Targeting Akt/NF-κB/p53 Pathway and Apoptosis Inducing Potential of 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic Acid, Bis (2-Methyl Propyl) Ester Isolated from Onosma bracteata Wall. against Human Osteosarcoma (MG-63) Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113478. [PMID: 35684419 PMCID: PMC9182111 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Onosma bracteata Wall. is an important medicinal and immunity-enhancing herbs. This plant is commonly used in the preparation of traditional Ayurvedic drugs to treat numerous diseases. Inspired by the medicinal properties of this plant, the present study aimed to investigate the antiproliferative potential and the primary molecular mechanisms of the apoptotic induction against human osteosarcoma (MG-63) cells. Among all the fractions isolated from O. bracteata, ethyl acetate fraction (Obea) showed good antioxidant activity in superoxide radical scavenging assay and lipid peroxidation assay with an EC50 value of 95.12 and 80.67 µg/mL, respectively. Silica gel column chromatography of ethyl acetate (Obea) fraction of O. bracteata yielded a pure compound, which was characterized by NMR, FTIR, and HR-MS analysis and was identified as 1,2-benzene dicarboxylic acid, bis (2-methyl propyl) ester (BDCe fraction). BDCe fraction was evaluated for the antiproliferative potential against human osteosarcoma MG-63, human neuroblastoma IMR-32, and human lung carcinoma A549 cell lines by MTT assay and exhibited GI50 values of 37.53 μM, 56.05 μM, and 47.12 μM, respectively. In Mg-63 cells, the BDCe fraction increased the level of ROS and simultaneously decreased the mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) potential by arresting cells at the G0/G1 phase, suggesting the initiation of apoptosis. Western blotting analysis revealed the upregulation of p53, caspase3, and caspase9 while the expressions of p-NF-κB, p-Akt and Bcl-xl were decreased. RT-qPCR studies also showed upregulation in the expression of p53 and caspase3 and downregulation in the expression of CDK2, Bcl-2 and Cyclin E genes. Molecular docking analysis displayed the interaction between BDCe fraction with p53 (−151.13 kcal/mol) and CDK1 (−133.96 kcal/mol). The results of the present work suggest that the BDCe fraction has chemopreventive properties against osteosarcoma (MG-63) cells through the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via Akt/NF-κB/p53 pathways. This study contributes to the understanding of the utilization of BDCe fraction in osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sandeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sukhvinder Dhiman
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (S.D.); (S.K.)
| | - Prithvi Pal Singh
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur 176061, India; (P.P.S.); (U.S.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Gaurav Bhatia
- Department of Biochemistry, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Government Medical College and Hospital Chamba, Chamba 176310, India;
| | - Sharad Thakur
- Biotechnology Division, COVID-19 Project, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur 176061, India;
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, India;
| | - Upendra Sharma
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur 176061, India; (P.P.S.); (U.S.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (S.D.); (S.K.)
| | - Abdulmajeed G. Almutary
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52266, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (A.G.A.); or (S.K.)
| | - Abdullah M. Alnuqaydan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52266, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai Campus, Dubai 345050, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Görükle Campus, 16059 Nilüfer, Turkey
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly 243122, India;
| | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (A.K.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.A.); or (S.K.)
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Markowski A, Jaromin A, Migdał P, Olczak E, Zygmunt A, Zaremba-Czogalla M, Pawlik K, Gubernator J. Design and Development of a New Type of Hybrid PLGA/Lipid Nanoparticle as an Ursolic Acid Delivery System against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5536. [PMID: 35628352 PMCID: PMC9143619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite many attempts, trials, and treatment procedures, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) still ranks among the most deadly and treatment-resistant types of cancer. Hence, there is still an urgent need to develop new molecules, drugs, and therapeutic methods against PDAC. Naturally derived compounds, such as pentacyclic terpenoids, have gained attention because of their high cytotoxic activity toward pancreatic cancer cells. Ursolic acid (UA), as an example, possesses a wide anticancer activity spectrum and can potentially be a good candidate for anti-PDAC therapy. However, due to its minimal water solubility, it is necessary to prepare an optimal nano-sized vehicle to overcome the low bioavailability issue. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymeric nanocarriers seem to be an essential tool for ursolic acid delivery and can overcome the lack of biological activity observed after being incorporated within liposomes. PLGA modification, with the addition of PEGylated phospholipids forming the lipid shell around the polymeric core, can provide additional beneficial properties to the designed nanocarrier. We prepared UA-loaded hybrid PLGA/lipid nanoparticles using a nanoprecipitation method and subsequently performed an MTT cytotoxicity assay for AsPC-1 and BxPC-3 cells and determined the hemolytic effect on human erythrocytes with transmission electron microscopic (TEM) visualization of the nanoparticles and their cellular uptake. Hybrid UA-loaded lipid nanoparticles were also examined in terms of their stability, coating dynamics, and ursolic acid loading. We established innovative and repeatable preparation procedures for novel hybrid nanoparticles and obtained biologically active nanocarriers for ursolic acid with an IC50 below 20 µM, with an appropriate size for intravenous dosage (around 150 nm), high homogeneity of the sample (below 0.2), satisfactory encapsulation efficiency (up to 70%) and excellent stability. The new type of hybrid UA-PLGA nanoparticles represents a further step in the development of potentially effective PDAC therapies based on novel, biologically active, and promising triterpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Markowski
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (A.J.); (E.O.); (A.Z.); (M.Z.-C.)
| | - Anna Jaromin
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (A.J.); (E.O.); (A.Z.); (M.Z.-C.)
| | - Paweł Migdał
- Polish Academy of Science Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (P.M.); (K.P.)
- Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Bee Division, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmońskiego 38C, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Olczak
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (A.J.); (E.O.); (A.Z.); (M.Z.-C.)
| | - Adrianna Zygmunt
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (A.J.); (E.O.); (A.Z.); (M.Z.-C.)
| | - Magdalena Zaremba-Czogalla
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (A.J.); (E.O.); (A.Z.); (M.Z.-C.)
| | - Krzysztof Pawlik
- Polish Academy of Science Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (P.M.); (K.P.)
| | - Jerzy Gubernator
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (A.J.); (E.O.); (A.Z.); (M.Z.-C.)
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22
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Merecz-Sadowska A, Sitarek P, Śliwiński T, Zajdel K, Malinowska K, Zielińska-Bliźniewska H, Kucharska E, Zajdel R. In Vitro and In Silico Studies on Leonotis nepetifolia (L.) R. Br. Root
Extract against Cancer Cells. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2022; 23:1383-1395. [DOI: 10.2174/1389201023666220304095225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Leonotis nepetifolia (L.) R. Br. (Lamiaceae) is a shrub traditionally used
to alleviate inflammatory conditions.
Objective:
The present study aimed at investigating the biological activity of methanolic nontransformed and transformed Rhizobium rhizogenes root extracts from L. nepetifolia against human
melanoma cells.
Methods:
Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity properties, the impact on topoisomerase I activity, and
proapoptotic activity were evaluated by the MTT test, comet assay, topoisomerase I assay, and
fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Moreover, the expressions of p53 were examined by
qPCR and Western blot analysis. Docking studies were conducted to assess the potential interactions of the identified phytochemicals with the p53 binding protein Mdm-2, and computational
analyses exhibited their antioxidant potential.
Results:
Both extracts showed cytotoxic potential against human melanoma cells, but generally the
activity was more potent for transformed roots than untransformed (IC50 760 μg/mL and 980
μg/mL, respectively). A similar effect was revealed during the evaluation of genotoxic and
proapoptotic properties. Moreover, the expression of p53 was also found to be increased after extract treatment. The most dominant identified compounds in both extracts were as follows: (+)-
catechin, p-coumaric acid, m-coumaric acid, and (+)-rosmarinic acid. Docking studies and computational analysis showed that (+)-rosmarinic acid possesses the highest binding affinity to the p53
binding protein, Mdm-2, and exhibits the best antioxidant property from the most commonly identified phytochemicals.
Conclusion:
Our findings revealed the potential of L. nepetifolia transformed root extract as a
source of bioactive compounds with cytotoxic, genotoxic, and proapoptotic activity against human
melanoma cells as well as antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical
Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Zajdel
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Malinowska
- Department of Allergology and
Respiratory Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Kucharska
- Chair of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Social Work at the
Faculty of Pedagogy, Ignatianum Academy in Cracow, Cracow, Poland
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Computer Science in Economics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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23
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Merecz-Sadowska A, Sitarek P, Zajdel K, Kucharska E, Kowalczyk T, Zajdel R. The Modulatory Influence of Plant-Derived Compounds on Human Keratinocyte Function. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12488. [PMID: 34830374 PMCID: PMC8618348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant kingdom is a rich source of secondary metabolites with numerous properties, including the potential to modify keratinocyte biology. Keratinocytes are important epithelial cells that play a protective role against various chemical, physical and biological stimuli, and participate in reactive oxygen scavenging and inflammation and wound healing processes. The epidermal cell response may be modulated by phytochemicals via changes in signal transduction pathways. Plant extracts and single secondary compounds can possess a high antioxidant capacity and may suppress reactive oxygen species release, inhibit pro-apoptotic proteins and apoptosis and activate antioxidant enzymes in keratinocytes. Moreover, selected plant extracts and single compounds also exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and exposure may result in limited production of adhesion molecules, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in keratinocytes. In addition, plant extracts and single compounds may promote keratinocyte motility and proliferation via the regulation of growth factor production and enhance wound healing. While such plant compounds may modulate keratinocyte functions, further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed on their mechanisms of action, and more specific toxicity and clinical studies are needed to ensure their effectiveness and safety for use on human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Computer Science in Economics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Karolina Zajdel
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-645 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ewa Kucharska
- Chair of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Social Work at the Faculty of Pedagogy, Ignatianum Academy in Cracow, 31-501 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Computer Science in Economics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland;
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24
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Nurcahyanti ADR, Jap A, Lady J, Prismawan D, Sharopov F, Daoud R, Wink M, Sobeh M. Function of selected natural antidiabetic compounds with potential against cancer via modulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR cascade. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112138. [PMID: 34750026 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder with growing global incidence, as 387 million people were diagnosed in 2014 with an expected projection of 642 million in 2040. Several complications are associated with DM including heart attack, stroke, kidney failure, blindness, and cancer. The latter is the second leading cause of death worldwide accounting for one in every six deaths, with liver, pancreas, and endometrium cancers are the most abundant among patients with diabetes. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays a vital role in developing a wide array of pathological disorders, among them diabetes and cancer. Natural secondary metabolites that counteract the deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and modulate PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway could be a promising approach in cancer therapy. Here, 717 medicinal plants with antidiabetic activities were highlighted along with 357 bioactive compounds responsible for the antidiabetic activity. Also, 43 individual plant compounds with potential antidiabetic activities against cancer via the modulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR cascade were identified. Taken together, the available data give an insight of the potential of repurposing medicinal plants and/or the individual secondary metabolites with antidiabetic activities for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Dwi Retno Nurcahyanti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, 14440 Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Adeline Jap
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, 14440 Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jullietta Lady
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, 14440 Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Deka Prismawan
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, 14440 Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Chinese-Tajik Innovation Center for Natural Products, National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, Ayni str. 299/2, 734063, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Rachid Daoud
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBiosciences Research, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660-Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco.
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25
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Nebrisi EE. Neuroprotective Activities of Curcumin in Parkinson's Disease: A Review of the Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11248. [PMID: 34681908 PMCID: PMC8537234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a slowly progressive multisystem disorder affecting dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), which is characterized by a decrease of dopamine (DA) in their striatal terminals. Treatment of PD with levodopa or DA receptor agonists replaces the function of depleted DA in the striatum. Prolonged treatment with these agents often has variable therapeutic effects and leads to the development of undesirable dyskinesia. Consequently, a crucial unmet demand in the management of Parkinson's disease is the discovery of new approaches that could slow down, stop, or reverse the process of neurodegeneration. Novel potential treatments involving natural substances with neuroprotective activities are being developed. Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa (turmeric). It has been demonstrated to have potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, free radical scavenging, mitochondrial protecting, and iron-chelating effects, and is considered a promising therapeutic and nutraceutical agent for the treatment of PD. However, molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate the pharmacological actions of curcumin remain largely unknown. Stimulation of nicotinic receptors and, more precisely, selective α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7-nAChR), have been found to play a major modulatory role in the immune system via the "cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway". Recently, α7-nAChR has been proposed to be a potential therapeutic approach in PD. In this review, the detailed mechanisms of the neuroprotective activities of curcumin as a potential therapeutic agent to help Parkinson's patients are being discussed and elaborated on in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eslam El Nebrisi
- Department of Pharmacology, Dubai Medical College, Dubai 20170, United Arab Emirates
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26
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Yin Q, Wang L, Yu H, Chen D, Zhu W, Sun C. Pharmacological Effects of Polyphenol Phytochemicals on the JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:716672. [PMID: 34539403 PMCID: PMC8447487 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.716672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The JAK-STAT signaling pathway is a common pathway of many cytokine signal transductions, closely related to cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and inflammatory response. It is essential for inhibiting the inflammatory response, initiating innate immunity, and coordinating adaptive immune mechanisms. Owing to the nature of this pathway and its potential cross-epitopes with multiple alternative pathways, the long-term efficacy of monotherapy-based adaptive targeting therapy is limited, and the majority of drugs targeting STATs are still in the preclinical phase. Meanwhile, curcumin, quercetin, and several kinds of plant polyphenol chemicals play roles in multiple sites of the JAK-STAT pathway to suppress abnormal activation. Polyphenol compounds have shown remarkable effects by acting on the JAK-STAT pathway in anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and cardiovascular disease control. This review summarizes the pharmacological effects of more than 20 kinds of phytochemicals on JAK-STAT signaling pathway according to the chemical structure of polyphenolic phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Yin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Longyun Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Daquan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Wenwei Zhu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changgang Sun
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China.,Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
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27
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Fontana F, Marzagalli M, Raimondi M, Zuco V, Zaffaroni N, Limonta P. δ-Tocotrienol sensitizes and re-sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin via induction of G1 phase cell cycle arrest and ROS/MAPK-mediated apoptosis. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13111. [PMID: 34520051 PMCID: PMC8560608 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Among gynaecologic malignancies, ovarian cancer (OC) represents the leading cause of death for women worldwide. Current OC treatment involves cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy, which is associated with severe side effects and development of drug resistance. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Herein, we evaluated the anti-tumour effects of Vitamin E-derived δ-tocotrienol (δ-TT) in two human OC cell lines, IGROV-1 and SKOV-3 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS MTT and Trypan blue exclusion assays were used to assess δ-TT cytotoxicity, alone or in combination with other molecules. δ-TT effects on cell cycle, apoptosis, ROS generation and MAPK phosphorylation were investigated by flow cytometry, Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses. The synergism between δ-TT and chemotherapy was evaluated by isobologram analysis. RESULTS We demonstrated that δ-TT could induce cell cycle block at G1-S phase and mitochondrial apoptosis in OC cell lines. In particular, we found that the proapoptotic activity of δ-TT correlated with mitochondrial ROS production and subsequent JNK and p38 activation. Finally, we observed that the compound was able to synergize with cisplatin, not only enhancing its cytotoxicity in IGROV-1 and SKOV-3 cells but also re-sensitizing IGROV-1/Pt1 cell line to its anti-tumour effects. CONCLUSIONS δ-TT triggers G1 phase cell cycle arrest and ROS/MAPK-mediated apoptosis in OC cells and sensitizes them to platinum treatment, thus representing an interesting option for novel chemopreventive/therapeutic strategies for OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Fontana
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Marzagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Raimondi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Zuco
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Limonta
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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28
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Selective and oxidative stress-mediated cell death of MCF-7 cell line induced by terpinolene. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00803-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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29
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Evaluation of the In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Ursolic Acid PLGA Nanoparticles against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14174917. [PMID: 34501007 PMCID: PMC8434451 DOI: 10.3390/ma14174917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Among all the types of cancer, Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma remains one of the deadliest and hardest to fight and there is a critical unmet need for new drugs and therapies for its treatment. Naturally derived compounds, such as pentacyclic triterpenoids, have gathered attention because of their high cytotoxic potential towards pancreatic cancer cells, with a wide biological activity spectrum, with ursolic acid (UA) being one of the most interesting. However, due to its minimal water solubility, it is necessary to prepare a nanocarrier vehicle to aid in the delivery of this compound. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) or PLGA polymeric nanocarriers are an essential tool for ursolic acid delivery and can overcome the lack in its biological activity observed after incorporating within liposomes. We prepared UA-PLGA nanoparticles with a PEG modification, to achieve a long circulation time, by using a nanoprecipitation method and subsequently performed an MTT cytotoxicity assay towards AsPC-1 and BxPC-3 cells, with TEM visualization of the nanoparticles and their cellular uptake. We established repeatable preparation procedures of the nanoparticles and achieved biologically active nanocarriers with an IC50 below 30 µM, with an appropriate size for intravenous dosage (around 140 nm), high sample homogeneity (below 0.2) and reasonable encapsulation efficiency (up to 50%). These results represent the first steps in the development of potentially effective PDAC therapies based on novel biologically active and promising triterpenoids.
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30
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Current Perspective on the Natural Compounds and Drug Delivery Techniques in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112765. [PMID: 34199460 PMCID: PMC8199612 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the belligerent neoplasia that metastasize to other brain regions and invade nearby healthy tissues. However, the treatments available are associated with some limitations, such as high variations in solid tumors and deregulation of multiple cellular pathways. The heterogeneity of the GBM tumor and its aggressive infiltration into the nearby tissues makes it difficult to treat. Hence, the development of multimodality therapy that can be more effective, novel, with fewer side effects, improving the prognosis for GBM is highly desired. This review evaluated the use of natural phytoconstituents as an alternative for the development of a new therapeutic strategy. The key aspects of GBM and the potential of drug delivery techniques were also assessed, for tumor site delivery with limited side-effects. These efforts will help to provide better therapeutic options to combat GBM in future. Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the debilitating brain tumors, being associated with extremely poor prognosis and short median patient survival. GBM is associated with complex pathogenesis with alterations in various cellular signaling events, that participate in cell proliferation and survival. The impairment in cellular redox pathways leads to tumorigenesis. The current standard pharmacological regimen available for glioblastomas, such as radiotherapy and surgical resection following treatment with chemotherapeutic drug temozolomide, remains fatal, due to drug resistance, metastasis and tumor recurrence. Thus, the demand for an effective therapeutic strategy for GBM remains elusive. Hopefully, novel products from natural compounds are suggested as possible solutions. They protect glial cells by reducing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting pro-oncogene events and intensifying the potent anti-tumor therapies. Targeting aberrant cellular pathways in the amelioration of GBM could promote the development of new therapeutic options that improve patient quality of life and extend survival. Consequently, our review emphasizes several natural compounds in GBM treatment. We also assessed the potential of drug delivery techniques such as nanoparticles, Gliadel wafers and drug delivery using cellular carriers which could lead to a novel path for the obliteration of GBM.
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31
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Wang L, Diwu W, Tan N, Wang H, Hu J, Xu B, Wang X. Pathway-based protein-protein association network to explore mechanism of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi against type 2 diabetes. IET Syst Biol 2021; 15:126-135. [PMID: 33900023 PMCID: PMC8675860 DOI: 10.1049/syb2.12019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have been widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, their mechanisms are often obscured due to multi-components and multi-targets. The authors constructed a pathway-based protein-protein association (PPA) network for target proteins of 13 α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) identified from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG), designed to explore the underlying mechanisms. This network contained 118 nodes and 1167 connections. An uneven degree distribution and small-world property were observed, characterised by high clustering coefficient and short average path length. The PPA network had an inherent hierarchy as C(k)∼k-0.71 . It also exhibited potential weak disassortative mixing pattern, coupled with a decreased function Knn (k) and negative value of assortativity coefficient. These properties indicated that a few nodes were crucial to the network. PGH2, GNAS, MAPK1, MAPK3, PRKCA, and MAOA were then identified as key targets with the highest degree values and centrality indices. Additionally, a core subnetwork showed that chrysin, 5,8,2'-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone, and wogonin were the main active constituents of these AGIs, and that the serotonergic synapse pathway was the critical pathway for SBG against T2D. The application of a pathway-based protein-protein association network provides a novel strategy to explore the mechanisms of natural products on complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- Key Laboratory of PhytochemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBaoji University of Arts and SciencesBaojiChina
| | - Wenbo Diwu
- Key Laboratory of PhytochemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBaoji University of Arts and SciencesBaojiChina
| | - Nana Tan
- Key Laboratory of PhytochemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBaoji University of Arts and SciencesBaojiChina
| | - Huan Wang
- College of Computer Science and TechnologyBaoji University of Arts and SciencesBaojiChina
| | - Jingbo Hu
- College of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBaoji University of Arts and SciencesBaojiChina
| | - Bailu Xu
- Key Laboratory of PhytochemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBaoji University of Arts and SciencesBaojiChina
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Key Laboratory of PhytochemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBaoji University of Arts and SciencesBaojiChina
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Herdiana Y, Wathoni N, Shamsuddin S, Joni IM, Muchtaridi M. Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles of Targeted Drug Delivery System in Breast Cancer Treatment. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1717. [PMID: 34074020 PMCID: PMC8197416 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains one of the world's most dangerous diseases because of the difficulty of finding cost-effective and specific targets for effective and efficient treatment methods. The biodegradability and biocompatibility properties of chitosan-based nanoparticles (ChNPs) have good prospects for targeted drug delivery systems. ChNPs can transfer various antitumor drugs to targeted sites via passive and active targeting pathways. The modification of ChNPs has attracted the researcher to the loading of drugs to targeted cancer cells. The objective of our review was to summarize and discuss the modification in ChNPs in delivering anticancer drugs against breast cancer cells from published papers recorded in Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. In order to improve cellular uptake, drug accumulation, cytotoxicity, and selectivity, we examined different kinds of modification of ChNPs. Notably, these forms of ChNPs use the characteristics of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect as a proper parameter and different biological ligands, such as proteins, peptides, monoclonal antibodies, and small particles. In addition, as a targeted delivery system, ChNPs provided and significantly improved the delivery of drugs into specific breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, 4T1 cells, SK-BR-3, MCF-7, T47D). In conclusion, a promising technique is presented for increasing the efficacy, selectivity, and effectiveness of candidate drug carriers in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedi Herdiana
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (Y.H.); (N.W.)
| | - Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (Y.H.); (N.W.)
| | - Shaharum Shamsuddin
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia;
- Nanobiotech Research Initiative, Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), USM, Penang 11800, Malaysia
- USM-RIKEN Interdisciplinary Collaboration on Advanced Sciences (URICAS), USM, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - I Made Joni
- Departement of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM.21 Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
- Functional Nano Powder University Center of Excellence, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
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33
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Rahman MA, Hannan MA, Dash R, Rahman MDH, Islam R, Uddin MJ, Sohag AAM, Rahman MH, Rhim H. Phytochemicals as a Complement to Cancer Chemotherapy: Pharmacological Modulation of the Autophagy-Apoptosis Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:639628. [PMID: 34025409 PMCID: PMC8138161 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.639628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive plant derived compounds are important for a wide range of therapeutic applications, and some display promising anticancer properties. Further evidence suggests that phytochemicals modulate autophagy and apoptosis, the two crucial cellular pathways involved in the underlying pathobiology of cancer development and regulation. Pharmacological targeting of autophagy and apoptosis signaling using phytochemicals therefore offers a promising strategy that is complementary to conventional cancer chemotherapy. In this review, we sought to highlight the molecular basis of the autophagic-apoptotic pathway to understand its implication in the pathobiology of cancer, and explore this fundamental cellular process as a druggable anticancer target. We also aimed to present recent advances and address the limitations faced in the therapeutic development of phytochemical-based anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ataur Rahman
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Global Biotechnology & Biomedical Research Network (GBBRN), Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Hannan
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, South Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - MD. Hasanur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Rokibul Islam
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si, South Korea
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyewhon Rhim
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, South Korea
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34
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Hur W, Son SE, Kim SN, Seong GH. Cell-based electrochemical cytosensor for rapid and sensitive evaluation of the anticancer effects of saponin on human malignant melanoma cells. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 140:107813. [PMID: 33848876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Discovering new anticancer agents and analyzing their activities is a vital part of drug development, but it requires a huge amount of time and resources, leading to the increasing demands for more-effective techniques. Herein, a novel and simple cell-based electrochemical biosensor, referred to as a cytosensor, was proposed to investigate the electrochemical behavior of human skin malignant melanoma (SK-MEL28) cells and the anticancer effect of saponin on cell viability. To enhance both electrocatalytic properties and biocompatibility, gold nanoparticles were electrochemically deposited onto a conductive substrate, and poly-L-lysine was further added to the electrode surface. Electric signals from SK-MEL28 cells on the electrodes were obtained from cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The cathodic peak current was proportional to the cell viability and showed a detection range of 2,880-40,000 cells per device with an excellent linear cell number-intensity relationship (R2= 0.9952). Furthermore, the anticancer effect of saponin on SK-MEL28 cells was clearly established at concentrations higher than 20 μM, which was highly consistent with conventional assays. Moreover, the developed electrochemical cytosensor for evaluating anticancer effects enabled rapid (<2 min), sensitive (LOQ: 2,880cells/device), and non-invasive measurements, thus providing a new avenue for assessing the anticancer drugs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Hur
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, South Korea
| | - Seong Eun Son
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, South Korea
| | - Seong Nyeon Kim
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, South Korea
| | - Gi Hun Seong
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, South Korea.
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Wang Z, Liang X, Xiong A, Ding L, Li W, Yang L, Wu X, Shi H, Zhou Y, Wang Z. Helichrysetin and TNF‑α synergistically promote apoptosis by inhibiting overactivation of the NF‑κB and EGFR signaling pathways in HeLa and T98G cells. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:49. [PMID: 33576459 PMCID: PMC7891838 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α) has different effects on apoptosis depending on activation or inactivation of the nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathways. Helichrysetin, a natural chalcone, inhibits NF‑κB nuclear translocation in mouse pancreatic β cells. The present study aimed to identify the effect of helichrysetin on activation of the NF‑κB and EGFR signaling pathways induced by TNF‑α, and the synergistic effect of helichrysetin and TNF‑α on apoptosis of HeLa and T98G cells. Cell proliferation was measured by Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay, while apoptosis was measured by Hoechst 33258 and Annexin V/PI staining. NF‑κB activity was detected by luciferase assay, protein expression was measured by western blotting and mRNA expression was detected by quantitative PCR assay. The results revealed that in HeLa and T98G cells helichrysetin blocked the increased phosphorylation of NF‑κB p65 induced by TNF‑α. Although helichrysetin alone decreased cell viability, helichrysetin and TNF‑α synergistically decreased cell viability. Helichrysetin, not TNF‑α, promoted apoptosis, while the combination of helichrysetin and TNF‑α synergistically increased apoptosis. In addition, helichrysetin and TNF‑α synergistically enhanced the activation of caspase‑3 and poly‑(ADP‑ribose)‑polymerase compared with helichrysetin alone. Helichrysetin inhibited the phosphorylation of transforming growth factor‑β activated kinase (TAK1), IκB kinase‑α/β (IKK‑α/β), NF‑κB p65 and EGFR induced by TNF‑α. Consistent with the inhibition of NF‑κB activation, the increased TNF‑α‑induced mRNA expression levels of TNF‑α, IL‑1β, CCL2, CCL5 and CXCL10 were significantly downregulated by helichrysetin. Therefore, helichrysetin and TNF‑α synergistically promoted apoptosis by inhibiting TAK1/IKK/NF‑κB and TAK1/EGFR signaling pathways in HeLa and T98G cells, indicating a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Liang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Aizhen Xiong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Lili Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Hailian Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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Yi J, Zhu J, Zhao C, Kang Q, Zhang X, Suo K, Cao N, Hao L, Lu J. Potential of natural products as radioprotectors and radiosensitizers: opportunities and challenges. Food Funct 2021; 12:5204-5218. [PMID: 34018510 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00525a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Natural products can be used as natural radiosensitizers and radioprotectors, showing promising effects in cancer treatments in combination with radiotherapy, while reducing ionizing radiation (IR) damage to normal cells/tissues. The different effects of natural products on irradiated normal and tumor cells/tissues have attracted more and more researchers' interest. Nonetheless, the clinical applications of natural products in radiotherapy are few, which may be related to their low bioavailability in the human body. Here, we displayed the radiation protection and radiation sensitization of major natural products, highlighted the related molecular mechanisms of these bioactive substances combined with radiotherapy to treat cancer, and critically reviewed their deficiency and improved measures. Lastly, several clinical trials were presented to verify the clinical application of natural products as radiosensitizers and radioprotectors. Further clinical evaluation is still needed. This review provides a reference for the utilization of natural products as radiosensitizers and radioprotectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Yi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Jiaqing Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Changcheng Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Qiaozhen Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Xiaomiao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Keke Suo
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Nana Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Limin Hao
- Institute of Quartermaster Engineering and Technology, Academy of Military Sciences PLA China, Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Jike Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Merecz-Sadowska A, Sitarek P, Śliwiński T, Zajdel R. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Extracts and Pure Compounds Derived from Plants via Modulation of Signaling Pathways, Especially PI3K/AKT in Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249605. [PMID: 33339446 PMCID: PMC7766727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant kingdom is a source of important therapeutic agents. Therefore, in this review, we focus on natural compounds that exhibit efficient anti-inflammatory activity via modulation signaling transduction pathways in macrophage cells. Both extracts and pure chemicals from different species and parts of plants such as leaves, roots, flowers, barks, rhizomes, and seeds rich in secondary metabolites from various groups such as terpenes or polyphenols were included. Selected extracts and phytochemicals control macrophages biology via modulation signaling molecules including NF-κB, MAPKs, AP-1, STAT1, STAT6, IRF-4, IRF-5, PPARγ, KLF4 and especially PI3K/AKT. Macrophages are important immune effector cells that take part in antigen presentation, phagocytosis, and immunomodulation. The M1 and M2 phenotypes are related to the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory agents, respectively. The successful resolution of inflammation mediated by M2, or failed resolution mediated by M1, may lead to tissue repair or chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation is strictly related to several disorders. Thus, compounds of plant origin targeting inflammatory response may constitute promising therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Computer Science in Economics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.M.-S.); (T.Ś.)
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.M.-S.); (T.Ś.)
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-645 Lodz, Poland;
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Ullah MF, Usmani S, Shah A, Abuduhier FM. Dietary molecules and experimental evidence of epigenetic influence in cancer chemoprevention: An insight. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 83:319-334. [PMID: 33152485 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The world-wide rate of incidence of cancer disease has been only modestly contested by the past and current preventive and interventional strategies. Hence, the global effort towards novel ideas to contain the disease still continues. Constituents of human diets have in recent years emerged as key regulators of carcinogenesis, with studies reporting their inhibitory potential against all the three stages vis-a-vis initiation, promotion and progression. Unlike drugs which usually act on single targets, these dietary factors have an advantage of multi-targeted effects and pleiotropic action mechanisms, which are effective against cancer that manifest as a micro-evolutionary and multi-factorial disease. Since most of the cellular targets have been identified and their consumption considered relatively safe, these diet-derived agents often appear as molecules of interest in repurposing strategies. Currently, many of these molecules are being investigated for their ability to influence the aberrant alterations in cell's epigenome for epigenetic therapy against cancer. Targeting the epigenetic regulators is a new paradigm in cancer chemoprevention which acts to reverse the warped-up epigenetic alterations in a cancer cell, thereby directing it towards a normal phenotype. In this review, we discuss the significance of dietary factors and natural products as chemopreventive agents. Further, we corroborate the experimental evidence from existing literature, reflecting the ability of a series of such molecules to act as epigenetic modifiers in cancer cells, by interfering with molecular events that map the epigenetic imprints such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation and non-coding RNA mediated gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Fahad Ullah
- Prince Fahad Research Chair, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shazia Usmani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Aaliya Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, SKIMS Medical College, Srinagar, India
| | - Faisel M Abuduhier
- Prince Fahad Research Chair, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
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Leto G, Flandina C, Crescimanno M, Giammanco M, Sepporta MV. Effects of oleuropein on tumor cell growth and bone remodelling: Potential clinical implications for the prevention and treatment of malignant bone diseases. Life Sci 2020; 264:118694. [PMID: 33130080 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oleuropein (Ole) is the main bioactive phenolic compound present in olive leaves, fruits and olive oil. This molecule has been shown to exert beneficial effects on several human pathological conditions. In particular, recent preclinical and observational studies have provided evidence that Ole exhibits chemo-preventive effects on different types of human tumors. Studies undertaken to elucidate the specific mechanisms underlying these effects have shown that this molecule may thwart several key steps of malignant progression, including tumor cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, by modulating the expression and activity of several growth factors, cytokines, adhesion molecules and enzymes involved in these processes. Interestingly, experimental observations have highlighted the fact that most of these signalling molecules also appear to be actively involved in the homing and growth of disseminating cancer cells in bones and, ultimately, in the development of metastatic bone diseases. These findings, and the experimental and clinical data reporting the preventive activity of Ole on various pathological conditions associated with a bone loss, are indicative of a potential therapeutic role of this molecule in the prevention and treatment of cancer-related bone diseases. This paper provides a current overview regarding the molecular mechanisms and the experimental findings underpinning a possible clinical role of Ole in the prevention and development of cancer-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Leto
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Carla Flandina
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marilena Crescimanno
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Giammanco
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Sepporta
- Pediatric Unit, Department Women-Mother-Children, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Research Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Atiq A, Parhar I. Anti-neoplastic Potential of Flavonoids and Polysaccharide Phytochemicals in Glioblastoma. Molecules 2020; 25:E4895. [PMID: 33113890 PMCID: PMC7660188 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically, gliomas are classified into four grades, with grade IV glioblastoma multiforme being the most malignant and deadly, which accounts for 50% of all gliomas. Characteristically, glioblastoma involves the aggressive proliferation of cells and invasion of normal brain tissue, outcomes as poor patient prognosis. With the current standard therapy of glioblastoma; surgical resection and radiotherapy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide, it remains fatal, because of the development of drug resistance, tumor recurrence, and metastasis. Therefore, the need for the effective therapeutic option for glioblastoma remains elusive. Previous studies have demonstrated the chemopreventive role of naturally occurring pharmacological agents through preventing or reversing the initiation phase of carcinogenesis or arresting the cancer progression phase. In this review, we discuss the role of natural phytochemicals in the amelioration of glioblastoma, with the aim to improve therapeutic outcomes, and minimize the adverse side effects to improve patient's prognosis and enhancing their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Atiq
- Brain Research Institute Monash Sunway (BRIMS), Jeffery Cheah School of Medicine, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Ishwar Parhar
- Brain Research Institute Monash Sunway (BRIMS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
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Analysis and Anticancer Effects of Active Compounds from Spatholobi Caulis in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8091193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in both developing and developed countries. In this study, we simultaneously analyzed nine constituent compounds from Spatholobi Caulis (gallic acid, (−)-gallocatechin, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, procyanidin B1, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, catechin, procyanidin B2, epicatechin, and (−)-epicatechin gallate) and examined their anticancer effects on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. The experimental results indicated that the gallic acid showed the strongest cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells among tested compounds whilst most of samples did not express inhibitory effect on viability of MDA-MB-231 cells, except for 70% ethanol extract of S. Caulis. Thus, gallic acid was chosen to extend anticancer mechanism study on MCF-7 cells. Our data showed that the gallic acid induced apoptotic MCF-7 cell death through both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which increased the expression of cleaved caspase-7, -8, and -9, Bax and p53, but reduced the expression of Bcl-2 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). In addition, the network pharmacological analysis pointed out that the p53, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), estrogen, and Wnt signaling pathways have a great correlation with the targets of gallic acid. This study suggested that gallic acid is a bioactive component of S. Caulis with potential to be used in chemotherapy for breast cancer.
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Anti-Melanogenesis Activity of 6- O-Isobutyrylbritannilactone from Inula britannica on B16F10 Melanocytes and In Vivo Zebrafish Models. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173887. [PMID: 32858952 PMCID: PMC7504228 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A potential natural melanogenesis inhibitor was discovered in the form of a sesquiterpene isolated from the flowers of Inula britannica, specifically 6-O-isobutyrylbritannilactone (IBL). We evaluated the antimelanogenesis effects of IBL on B16F10 melanocytes and zebrafish embryos. As a result, we found that 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX)-induced melanin production was reduced in a dose-dependent manner in B16F10 cells by IBL. We also analyzed B16F10 cells that were and were not treated with IBMX, investigating the melanin concentration, tyrosinase activity, mRNA levels. We also studied the protein expressions of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase, and tyrosinase-related proteins (TRP1, and TRP2). Furthermore, we found that melanin synthesis and tyrosinase expression were also inhibited by IBL through the modulation of the following signaling pathways: ERK, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT, and CREB. In addition, we studied antimelanogenic activity using zebrafish embryos and found that the embryos had significantly reduced pigmentation in the IBL-treated specimens compared to the untreated controls.
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Probing structural properties and antioxidant activity mechanisms for eleocarpanthraquinone. J Mol Model 2020; 26:233. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04469-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Peron G, Hošek J, Prasad Phuyal G, Raj Kandel D, Adhikari R, Dall’Acqua S. Comprehensive Characterization of Secondary Metabolites from Colebrookea oppositifolia (Smith) Leaves from Nepal and Assessment of Cytotoxic Effect and Anti-Nf-κB and AP-1 Activities In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144897. [PMID: 32664524 PMCID: PMC7402322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report the comprehensive characterization of the secondary metabolites from the leaves of Colebrookea oppositifolia Smith, a species used as medicinal plant in the traditional medicine of Nepal. Phytochemical screening of bioactives was performed using an integrated LC-MSn and high resolution MS (Mass Spectrometry) approach. Forty-three compounds were tentatively identified, mainly aglyconic and glycosilated flavonoids and phenolic acids, as well as other bioactives such as coumarins and terpenes were detected. Furthermore, the NF-κB and AP-1 inhibitory activity of C. oppositifolia extract were evaluated, as well as its cytotoxicity against THP-1 cells, in order to assess the potential use of this herb as a source of anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic compounds. The results so far obtained indicate that C. oppositifolia leaves extract could significantly reduce the viability of THP-1 cells (IC50 = 6.2 ± 1.2 µg/mL), as well as the activation of both NF-κB and AP-1 at the concentration of 2 μg/mL. Our results indicate that Nepalese C. oppositifolia is a valuable source of anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic compounds. The phytochemical composition reported here can partially justify the traditional uses of C. oppositifolia in Nepal, especially in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, although further research will be needed to assess the full potential of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Peron
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jan Hošek
- Division of Biologically Active Complexes and Molecular Magnets, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Ganga Prasad Phuyal
- Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kiritipur, 44613 Kathmandu, Nepal; (G.P.P.); (D.R.K.); (R.A.)
| | - Dharma Raj Kandel
- Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kiritipur, 44613 Kathmandu, Nepal; (G.P.P.); (D.R.K.); (R.A.)
| | - Rameshwar Adhikari
- Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kiritipur, 44613 Kathmandu, Nepal; (G.P.P.); (D.R.K.); (R.A.)
| | - Stefano Dall’Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy;
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Braicu C, Zanoaga O, Zimta AA, Tigu AB, Kilpatrick KL, Bishayee A, Nabavi SM, Berindan-Neagoe I. Natural compounds modulate the crosstalk between apoptosis- and autophagy-regulated signaling pathways: Controlling the uncontrolled expansion of tumor cells. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:218-236. [PMID: 32502598 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high number of annual cancer-related deaths, and the economic burden that this malignancy affects today's society, the study of compounds isolated from natural sources should be encouraged. Most cancers are the result of a combined effect of lifestyle, environmental factors, and genetic and hereditary components. Recent literature reveals an increase in the interest for the study of phytochemicals from traditional medicine, this being a valuable resource for modern medicine to identify novel bioactive agents with potential medicinal applications. Phytochemicals are components of traditional medicine that are showing promising application in modern medicine due to their antitumor activities. Recent studies regarding two major mechanisms underlying cancer development and regulation, apoptosis and autophagy, have shown that the signaling pathways of both these processes are significantly interconnected through various mechanisms of crosstalk. Phytochemicals are able to activate pro-autophagic and pro-apoptosis mechanisms. Understanding the molecular mechanism involved in apoptosis-autophagy relationship modulated by phytochemicals plays a key role in development of a new therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. The purpose of this review is to outline the bioactive properties of the natural phytochemicals with validated antitumor activity, focusing particularly on their role in the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy crosstalk that triggers the uncontrolled expansion of tumor cells. Furthermore, we have also critically discussed the limitations and challenges of existing research strategies and the prospective research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Zanoaga
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina-Andreea Zimta
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Bogdan Tigu
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Babeș-Bolyai University, Faculty of Biology and Geology, 42 Republicii Street, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1435916471, Iran
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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46
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Gan QX, Wang J, Hu J, Lou GH, Xiong HJ, Peng CY, Huang QW. Modulation of Apoptosis by Plant Polysaccharides for Exerting Anti-Cancer Effects: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:792. [PMID: 32536869 PMCID: PMC7267062 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become a significant public health problem with high disease burden and mortality. At present, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the main means of treating cancer, but they have shown serious safety problems. The severity of this problem has caused further attention and research on effective and safe cancer treatment methods. Polysaccharides are natural products with anti-cancer activity that are widely present in a lot of plants, and many studies have found that inducing apoptosis of cancer cells is one of their important mechanisms. Therefore, this article reviews the various ways in which plant polysaccharides promote apoptosis of cancer cells. The major apoptotic pathways involved include the mitochondrial pathway, the death receptor pathway, and their upstream signal transduction such as MAPK pathway, PI3K/AKT pathway, and NF-κB pathway. Moreover, the paper has also been focused on the absorption and toxicity of plant polysaccharides with reference to extant literature, making the research more scientific and comprehensive. It is hoped that this review could provide some directions for the future development of plant polysaccharides as anticancer drugs in pharmacological experiments and clinical researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Xia Gan
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ju Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Guan-Hua Lou
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Jun Xiong
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng-Yi Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin-Wan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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SUMOylation Protects FASN Against Proteasomal Degradation in Breast Cancer Cells Treated with Grape Leaf Extract. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040529. [PMID: 32244364 PMCID: PMC7226518 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Existing therapeutic strategies for breast cancer are limited by tumor recurrence and drug-resistance. Antioxidant plant-derived compounds such as flavonoids reduce adverse outcomes and have been identified as a potential source of antineoplastic agent with less undesirable side effects. Here, we describe the novel regulation of fatty-acid synthase (FASN), the key enzyme in de novo fatty-acid synthesis, whereby Vitis vinifera L. cv Vermentino leaf hydroalcoholic extract lowers its protein stability that is regulated by small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)ylation. The phenolic compounds characterization was performed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS), whereas mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), Western blotting/co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and RT-PCR, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), clonogenicity assays, and FACS analysis were used to measure the expression of targets and tumorigenicity. Vermentino extract exhibits antitumorigenic effects, and we went on to determine that FASN and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 9 (UBC9), the sole E2 enzyme required for SUMOylation, were significantly reduced. Moreover, FASN was found SUMOylated in human breast cancer tissues and cell lines, and lack of SUMOylation caused by SUMO2 silencing reduced FASN protein stability. These results suggest that SUMOylation protects FASN against proteasomal degradation and may exert oncogenic activity through alteration of lipid metabolism, whereas Vermentino extract inhibits these effects which supports the additional validation of the therapeutic value of this compound in breast cancer.
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48
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Bonavida B. Sensitizing activities of nitric oxide donors for cancer resistance to anticancer therapeutic drugs. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 176:113913. [PMID: 32173364 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is not a single disease but it constitutes a large variety of different types that are also different from each other phenotypically and molecularly. Although the standard treatments have resulted in clinical responses in a subset of patients, though, many patients relapse and no longer respond to further treatments. Hence, both the innate and adaptive resistance to treatments are the main challenges in today's treatment strategies. Noteworthy, several novel treatment strategies, particularly immunotherapies, used alone or in combination, have been developed and that have significantly improved the therapeutic response of many unresponsive cancer patients. Nevertheless, even with the latest new developments of therapeutics that were effective in a larger subset of patients, there is still an urgent need to treat the remaining unresponsive subset of patients. This requires the development of new targeting agents of superior antitumor activities that will lead to overcoming the unaffected resistance by current treatments. There has been accumulating evidence suggesting nitric oxide donors as such targeting agents and considering their pleiotropic antitumor activities, including both the reversal of chemo and immuno-resistance of various unresponsive resistant cancers. The in vitro and in vivo preclinical findings corroborate the sensitizing antitumor activities of nitric oxide donors. In addition, a few clinical findings with NO donors that have been applied in patients have corroborated their antitumor and sensitizing activities in combination with standard therapies. In this review, the role and underlying mechanisms by which nitric oxide donors sensitize cancer resistant cells to both chemotherapy and immunotherapy are briefly described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Bonavida
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
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Cappadone C, Mandrone M, Chiocchio I, Sanna C, Malucelli E, Bassi V, Picone G, Poli F. Antitumor Potential and Phytochemical Profile of Plants from Sardinia (Italy), a Hotspot for Biodiversity in the Mediterranean Basin. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E26. [PMID: 31878127 PMCID: PMC7020228 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sardinia (Italy), with its wide range of habitats and high degree of endemism, is an important area for plant-based drug discovery studies. In this work, the antitumor activity of 35 samples from Sardinian plants was evaluated on human osteosarcoma cells U2OS. The results showed that five plants were strongly antiproliferative: Arbutus unedo (AuL), Cynara cardunculus (CyaA), Centaurea calcitrapa (CcA), Smilax aspera (SaA), and Tanacetum audibertii (TaA), the latter endemic to Sardinia and Corsica. Thus, their ability to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis was tested. All extracts determined cell cycle block in G2/M phase. Nevertheless, the p53 expression levels were increased only by TaA. The effector caspases were activated mainly by CycA, TaA, and CcA, while AuL and SaA did not induce apoptosis. The antiproliferative effects were also tested on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Except for AuL, all the extracts were able to reduce significantly cell population, suggesting a potential antiangiogenic activity. The phytochemical composition was first explored by 1H NMR profiling, followed by further purifications to confirm the structure of the most abundant metabolites, such as phenolic compounds and sesquiterpene lactones, which might play a role in the measured bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concettina Cappadone
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (C.C.); (E.M.); (V.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Manuela Mandrone
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Ilaria Chiocchio
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Cinzia Sanna
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Emil Malucelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (C.C.); (E.M.); (V.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Vincenza Bassi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (C.C.); (E.M.); (V.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Giovanna Picone
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (C.C.); (E.M.); (V.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Ferruccio Poli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.C.); (F.P.)
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