1
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Han Y, Shan TD, Huang HT, Song MQ, Chen L, Li Q. Activation of lncRNA DANCR by H3K27 acetylation regulates proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:249. [PMID: 38940959 PMCID: PMC11213841 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01124-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The long noncoding DANCR functions as a tumor oncogene in many cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the molecular mechanism of DANCR in CRC has not been explored. This study probed the function and potential mechanism by which DANCR contributes to the progression of CRC. The obtained data indicated that DANCR is overexpressed in CRC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of DANCR hindered CRC cell proliferation, which was mediated by cyclin D1 and CDK4. Bioinformatic analysis, luciferase reporter assays and subcellular fractionation verified that DANCR directly binds to miR-508-5p. Moreover, DANCR acts as a miR-508-5p ceRNA to regulate expression of ATF1. In addition, upregulation of DANCR is attributed to H3K27 acetylation at the promoter region. In conclusion, our study confirmed that activation of lncRNA DANCR by H3K27 acetylation has an oncogenic role in CRC progression and provides a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiang Su Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ti-Dong Shan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiang Su Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hai-Tao Huang
- The International Medical Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 262000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Quan Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiang Su Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiang Su Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiang Su Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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2
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Nicolescu C, Kim J, Sun D, Lu ZR. Assessment of the Efficacy of the Combination of RNAi of lncRNA DANCR with Chemotherapy to Treat Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Magnetic Resonance Molecular Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:381-388. [PMID: 38446033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) differentiation antagonizing noncoding RNA (DANCR) is overexpressed in human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and promotes cell migration and proliferation. TNBC is limited in treatment options relative to hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer and is commonly treated with chemotherapy, which is often compromised by acquired resistance. DANCR has been implicated in the development of chemoresistance across multiple cancer types. Here, we applied magnetic resonance molecular imaging (MRMI) with a targeted contrast agent, MT218, specific to extradomain-B fibronectin (EDB-FN), a marker for epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, to assess the therapeutic efficacy of the combination of paclitaxel and ZD2-PEG-ECO/siDANCR nanoparticles (ZD2-siDANCR-ELNP) to treat TNBC. The treatment of orthotopic MDA-MB-231 TNBC in mice with paclitaxel significantly suppressed tumor growth but with a significant increase of EDB-FN in the tumor, as revealed by MRMI and immunohistochemistry. Combining ZD2-siDANCR-ELNP with paclitaxel further reduced tumor sizes, along with reduced EDB-FN expression. Interestingly, MT218-MRMI revealed a lower reduction of tumor signal enhancement with the combination treatment than that with the siDANCR treatment alone, which was supported by higher cell density in the tumors treated with the combination therapy, as shown by histochemical analysis. MT218-MRMI clearly revealed the changes of the tumor microenvironment in response to various therapies and is effective to noninvasively assess the response of TNBC tumors to the therapies. Regulating oncogenic lncRNA DANCR is an effective strategy for improving the outcomes of chemotherapy in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calin Nicolescu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Jiyoon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Da Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Zheng-Rong Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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Kadian LK, Verma D, Lohani N, Yadav R, Ranga S, Gulshan G, Pal S, Kumari K, Chauhan SS. Long non-coding RNAs in cancer: multifaceted roles and potential targets for immunotherapy. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04933-1. [PMID: 38413478 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04933-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Cancer remains a major global health concern with high mortality rates mainly due to late diagnosis and poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as key regulators of gene expression in human cancer, functioning through various mechanisms including as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and indirectly regulating miRNA expression. LncRNAs have been found to have both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive roles in cancer, with the former promoting cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and poor prognosis. Recent research has shown that lncRNAs are expressed in various immune cells and are involved in cancer cell immune escape and the modulation of the tumor microenvironment, thus highlighting their potential as targets for cancer immunotherapy. Targeting lncRNAs in cancer or immune cells could enhance the anti-tumor immune response and improve cancer immunotherapy outcomes. However, further research is required to fully understand the functional roles of lncRNAs in cancer and the immune system and their potential as targets for cancer immunotherapy. This review offers a comprehensive examination of the multifaceted roles of lncRNAs in human cancers, with a focus on their potential as targets for cancer immunotherapy. By exploring the intricate mechanisms underlying lncRNA-mediated regulation of cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and immune evasion, we provide insights into the diverse therapeutic applications of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh K Kadian
- Dept of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
- Dept of Dermatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, 46202, USA
| | - Deepika Verma
- Dept of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Neelam Lohani
- Dept of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ritu Yadav
- Dept of Genetics, MD University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Shalu Ranga
- Dept of Genetics, MD University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Gulshan Gulshan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanghapriya Pal
- Dept of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospital, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Kiran Kumari
- Dept of Forensic Science, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Shyam S Chauhan
- Dept of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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Teo WY, Lim YYE, Sio YY, Say YH, Reginald K, Chew FT. Atopic dermatitis-associated genetic variants regulate LOC100294145 expression implicating interleukin-27 production and type 1 interferon signaling. World Allergy Organ J 2024; 17:100869. [PMID: 38298829 PMCID: PMC10827559 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex inflammatory disease with a strong genetic component. A singular approach of genome wide association studies (GWAS) can identify AD-associated genetic variants, but is unable to explain their functional relevance in AD. This study aims to characterize AD-associated genetic variants and elucidate the mechanisms leading to AD through a multi-omics approach. Methods GWAS identified an association between genetic variants at 6p21.32 locus and AD. Genotypes of 6p21.32 locus variants were evaluated against LOC100294145 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Their influence on LOC100294145 promoter activity was measured in vitro via a dual-luciferase assay. The function of LOC100294145 was then elucidated through a combination of co-expression analyses and gene enrichment with g:Profiler. Mendelian randomization was further used to assess the causal regulatory effect of LOC100294145 on its co-expressed genes. Results Minor alleles of rs116160149 and rs115388857 at 6p21.32 locus were associated with increased AD risk (p = 2.175 × 10-8, OR = 1.552; p = 2.805 × 10-9, OR = 1.55) and higher LOC100294145 expression in PBMCs (adjusted p = 0.182; 8.267 × 10-12). LOC100294145 expression was also found to be increased in those with AD (adjusted p = 3.653 × 10-2). The genotype effect of 6p21.32 locus on LOC100294145 promoter activity was further validated in vitro. Co-expression analyses predicted LOC100294145 protein's involvement in interleukin-27 and type 1 interferon signaling, which was further substantiated through mendelian randomization. Conclusion Genetic variants at 6p21.32 locus increase AD susceptibility through raising LOC100294145 expression. A multi-omics approach enabled the deduction of its pathogenesis model comprising dysregulation of hub genes involved in type 1 interferon and interleukin 27 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yi Teo
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yi Ying Eliza Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yang Yie Sio
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yee-How Say
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) Kampar Campus, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Kavita Reginald
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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5
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Zhang Z, Meng Y, Lin T, Zhang Z, Tao Z, Yin H, Yang F, Zhou X. Dancr-BRG1 regulates Nfatc1 transcription and Pgc1β-dependent metabolic shifts in osteoclastogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2313656121. [PMID: 38252822 PMCID: PMC10835043 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313656121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) serves as a vital regulator of bone metabolism, but its role in pathologically overactive osteoclast differentiation remains elusive. Here, we identify lncRNA Dancr (Differentiation Antagonizing Non-protein Coding RNA) as a critical suppressor of osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption, which is down-regulated in response to estrogen deficiency. Global or osteoclast-specific Dancr Knockout mice display significant trabecular bone deterioration and enhanced osteoclast activity, but minimal alteration of bone formation. Moreover, the bone-targeted delivery of Dancr by Adeno-associated viral remarkably attenuates ovariectomy-induced osteopenia in mice. Mechanistically, Dancr establishes a direct interaction with Brahma-related gene 1 to prevent its binding and preserve H3K27me3 enrichment at the nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 and proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-beta promoters, thereby maintaining appropriate expression of osteoclastic genes and metabolic programs during osteoclastogenesis. These results demonstrate that Dancr is a key molecule maintaining proper osteoclast differentiation and bone homeostasis under physiological conditions, and Dancr overexpression constitutes a potential strategy for treating osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200003, China
- Department of Orthopedic rehabilitation, Qingdao Special Servicemen Recuperation Center of People's Liberation Army Navy, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yichen Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Zhanrong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Zhengbo Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Haozan Yin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fu Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Defense, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200003, China
- Translational research center of orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201600, China
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6
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Gabryelska MM, Conn SJ. The RNA interactome in the Hallmarks of Cancer. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1786. [PMID: 37042179 PMCID: PMC10909452 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules are indispensable for cellular homeostasis in healthy and malignant cells. However, the functions of RNA extend well beyond that of a protein-coding template. Rather, both coding and non-coding RNA molecules function through critical interactions with a plethora of cellular molecules, including other RNAs, DNA, and proteins. Deconvoluting this RNA interactome, including the interacting partners, the nature of the interaction, and dynamic changes of these interactions in malignancies has yielded fundamental advances in knowledge and are emerging as a novel therapeutic strategy in cancer. Here, we present an RNA-centric review of recent advances in the field of RNA-RNA, RNA-protein, and RNA-DNA interactomic network analysis and their impact across the Hallmarks of Cancer. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA-Protein Complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta M Gabryelska
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute (FHMRI), College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Simon J Conn
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute (FHMRI), College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
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7
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Nicolescu C, Schilb A, Kim J, Sun D, Hall R, Gao S, Gilmore H, Schiemann WP, Lu ZR. Evaluating Dual-Targeted ECO/siRNA Nanoparticles against an Oncogenic lncRNA for Triple Negative Breast Cancer Therapy with Magnetic Resonance Molecular Imaging. CHEMICAL & BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2023; 1:461-470. [PMID: 37655165 PMCID: PMC10466452 DOI: 10.1021/cbmi.3c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Differentiation antagonizing noncoding RNA (DANCR) is recognized as an oncogenic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) overexpressed in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). We showed in a previous study that RNAi with targeted multifunctional ionizable lipid ECO/siRNA nanoparticles was effective to regulate this undruggable target for effective treatment of TNBC. In this study, we developed dual-targeted ECO/siDANCR nanoparticles by targeting a tumor extracellular matrix oncoprotein, extradomain B fibronectin (EDB-FN), and integrins overexpressed on cancer cells for enhanced delivery of siDANCR. The treatment of Hs578T TNBC cells and MCF-7 estrogen receptor-positive cells in vitro resulted in significant down-regulation of DANCR and EDB-FN and suppressed invasion and 3D spheroid formation of the cells. Magnetic resonance molecular imaging (MRMI) with an EDB-FN-targeted contrast agent, MT218, was used to noninvasively evaluate tumor response to treatment with the targeted ECO/siDANCR nanoparticles in female nude mice bearing orthotopic Hs578T and MCF-7 xenografts. MRMI with MT218 was effective to differentiate between aggressive TNBC with high DANCR and EDB-FN expression and ER+ MCF-7 tumors with low expression of the targets. MRMI showed that the dual-targeted ECO/siDANCR nanoparticles resulted in more significant inhibition of tumor growth in both models than the controls and significantly reduced EDB-FN expression in the TNBC tumors. The combination of MRMI and dual-targeted ECO/siDANCR nanoparticles is a promising approach for image-guided treatment of TNBC by regulating the onco-lncRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calin Nicolescu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Andrew Schilb
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Jiyoon Kim
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Da Sun
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Ryan Hall
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Songqi Gao
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Hannah Gilmore
- Department
of Pathology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - William P. Schiemann
- Case
Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Zheng-Rong Lu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Case
Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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8
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Yin Q, Ma H, Bamunuarachchi G, Zheng X, Ma Y. Long Non-Coding RNAs, Cell Cycle, and Human Breast Cancer. Hum Gene Ther 2023; 34:481-494. [PMID: 37243445 PMCID: PMC10398747 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2023.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) constitute an important class of the human transcriptome. The discovery of lncRNAs provided one of many unexpected results of the post-genomic era and uncovered a huge number of previously ignored transcriptional events. In recent years, lncRNAs are known to be linked with human diseases, with particular focus on cancer. Growing evidence has indicated that dysregulation of lncRNAs in breast cancer (BC) is strongly associated with the occurrence, development, and progress. Increasing numbers of lncRNAs have been found to interact with cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis in BC. The lncRNAs can exert their effect as a tumor suppressor or oncogene and regulate tumor development through direct or indirect regulation of cancer-related modulators and signaling pathways. What is more, lncRNAs are excellent candidates for promising therapeutic targets in BC due to the features of high tissue and cell-type specific expression. However, the underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs in BC still remain largely undefined. Here, we concisely summarize and sort out the current understanding of research progress in relationships of the roles for lncRNA in regulating the cell cycle. We also summarize the evidence for aberrant lncRNA expression in BC, and the potential for lncRNA to improve BC therapy is also discussed. Together, lncRNAs can be considered as exciting therapeutic candidates whose expression can be altered to impede BC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinan Yin
- Precision Medicine Laboratory, College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Haodi Ma
- Precision Medicine Laboratory, College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Gayan Bamunuarachchi
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Xuewei Zheng
- Precision Medicine Laboratory, College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Spatial Navigation and Memory Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Singh DD, Lee HJ, Yadav DK. Recent Clinical Advances on Long Non-Coding RNAs in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040674. [PMID: 36831341 PMCID: PMC9955037 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a more aggressive type of breast cancer due to its heterogeneity and complex molecular mechanisms. TNBC has a high risk for metastasis, and it is difficult to manage clinical conditions of the patients. Various investigations are being conducted to overcome these challenges using RNA, DNA, and proteins for early diagnosis and treatment. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as a novel target to treat the multistep process of TNBC. LncRNAs regulate epigenetic expression levels, cell proliferation and apoptosis, and tumour invasiveness and metastasis. Thus, lncRNA-based early diagnosis and treatment options could be helpful, especially for patients with severe TNBC. lncRNAs are expressed in a highly specific manner in cells and tissues and are involved in TNBC progression and development. lncRNAs could be used as sensitive and specific targets for diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of patients with TNBC. Therefore, the exploration of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is of extreme importance. Here, we discuss the molecular advances on lncRNA regulation of TNBC and lncRNA-based early diagnosis, treatment, and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desh Deepak Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-J.L.); (D.K.Y.)
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LncRNA DANCR counteracts premature ovarian insufficiency by regulating the senescence process of granulosa cells through stabilizing the interaction between p53 and hNRNPC. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:41. [PMID: 36805799 PMCID: PMC9938559 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is one of the common women reproductive endocrine diseases which adversely impacts female fertility, but the etiology and pathogenesis still remain elusive. Recently increasing researches focus on the roles of lncRNA in POI. LncRNA DANCR was involved in cell differentiation and multiple cancers. It's highly expressed in ovary while the role of DANCR in POI is still unknown. RESULTS Here, we identify a new POI related lncRNA DANCR, which negatively contributes to ovarian granulosa cells aging and follicular atresia. DANCR is proved to be decreasingly expressed in POI patients' granulosa cells. Additionally, Dancr knockout (Dancr-/-) mice were constructed and characterized with POI phenotypes and fertility decline, compared with Dancr+/+ mice. Further, in vitro experiments indicated that DANCR knockdown in granulosa cells led to cell aging and series of aging-related changes including proliferation inhibition, cell cycle G1 arrest and DNA damage. Mechanism research revealed DANCR binds with hNRNPC and p53, while DANCR knockdown attenuates the binding of hNRNPC and p53, thus enhancing protein level of p53 and promoting granulosa cells aging significantly. CONCLUSION The newly identified lncRNA DANCR inhibits p53-dependent granulosa cells aging by regulating hNRNPC-p53 interaction, and eventually counteracting POI. This provides new insights into the pathogenesis of POI and provides a potential target for future diagnosis and treatment.
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Farzaneh M, Najafi S, Sheykhi-Sabzehpoush M, Nezhad Dehbashi F, Anbiyaee O, Nasrolahi A, Azizidoost S. The stem cell-specific long non-coding RNAs in leukemia. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2023; 25:345-351. [PMID: 36168086 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02952-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia is defined as a heterogeneous group of hematological cancers whose prevalence is on the rise worldwide. Despite the large body of studies, the etiology of leukemia has not been fully elucidated. Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are a subpopulation of cancer cells that sustain the growth of the leukemic clone and are the main culprit for the maintenance of the neoplasm. In contrast to most leukemia cells, LSCs are resistant to chemo- and radiotherapy. Several recent studies demonstrated the altered expression profile of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in LSCs and shed light on the role of lncRNAs in the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of LSCs. LncRNAs are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that are implicated in several cellular and molecular processes such as gene expression, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis. Likewise, lncRNAs have shown a prognostic marker in leukemia patients and represent novel treatment options. Herein, we review the current knowledge concerning lncRNAs' implication in the pathogenesis of LSCs and discuss their prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fereshteh Nezhad Dehbashi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Omid Anbiyaee
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Nemazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ava Nasrolahi
- Cancer Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Shirin Azizidoost
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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12
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Long non-coding RNAs involved in retinoblastoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:401-421. [PMID: 36305946 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04398-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common childhood tumor that can occur in the retina and develop in a sporadic or heritable form. Although various traditional treatment options have been used for patients with RB, identifying novel strategies for childhood cancers is necessary. MATERIAL AND METHODS Recently, molecular-based targeted therapies have opened a greater therapeutic window for RB. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) presented a potential role as a biomarker for the detection of RB in various stages. CONCLUSION LncRNAs by targeting several miRNA/transcription factors play critical roles in the stimulation or suppression of RB. In this review, we summarized recent progress on the functions of tumor suppressors or oncogenes lncRNAs in RB.
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13
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Meta-Analysis of RNA-Seq Datasets Identifies Novel Players in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235788. [PMID: 36497269 PMCID: PMC9737249 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a devastating grade IV glioma with poor prognosis. Identification of predictive molecular biomarkers of disease progression would substantially contribute to better disease management. In the current study, we performed a meta-analysis of different RNA-seq datasets to identify differentially expressed protein-coding genes (PCGs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). This meta-analysis aimed to improve power and reproducibility of the individual studies while identifying overlapping disease-relevant pathways. We supplemented the meta-analysis with small RNA-seq on glioblastoma tissue samples to provide an overall transcriptomic view of glioblastoma. Co-expression correlation of filtered differentially expressed PCGs and lncRNAs identified a functionally relevant sub-cluster containing DANCR and SNHG6, with two novel lncRNAs and two novel PCGs. Small RNA-seq of glioblastoma tissues identified five differentially expressed microRNAs of which three interacted with the functionally relevant sub-cluster. Pathway analysis of this sub-cluster identified several glioblastoma-linked pathways, which were also previously associated with the novel cell death pathway, ferroptosis. In conclusion, the current meta-analysis strengthens evidence of an overarching involvement of ferroptosis in glioblastoma pathogenesis and also suggests some candidates for further analyses.
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14
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Emam O, Wasfey EF, Hamdy NM. Notch-associated lncRNAs profiling circuiting epigenetic modification in colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:316. [PMID: 36229883 PMCID: PMC9558410 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02736-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent digestive cancers, ranking the 2nd cause of cancer-related fatality worldwide. The worldwide burden of CRC is predicted to rise by 60% by 2030. Environmental factors drive, first, inflammation and hence, cancer incidence increase. Main The Notch-signaling system is an evolutionarily conserved cascade, has role in the biological normal developmental processes as well as malignancies. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have become major contributors in the advancement of cancer by serving as signal pathways regulators. They can control gene expression through post-translational changes, interactions with micro-RNAs or down-stream effector proteins. Recent emerging evidence has emphasized the role of lncRNAs in controlling Notch-signaling activity, regulating development of several cancers including CRC. Conclusion Notch-associated lncRNAs might be useful prognostic biomarkers or promising potential therapeutic targets for CRC treatment. Therefore, here-in we will focus on the role of “Notch-associated lncRNAs in CRC” highlighting “the impact of Notch-associated lncRNAs as player for cancer induction and/or progression.” Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eman F Wasfey
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Nadia M Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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15
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An X, Liu Y. HOTAIR in solid tumors: Emerging mechanisms and clinical strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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16
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A Proof-of-Concept Inhibitor of Endothelial Lipase Suppresses Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Hijacking the Mitochondrial Function. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153763. [PMID: 35954428 PMCID: PMC9367514 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Endothelial lipase (EL/LIPG) is a key regulator of tumor cell metabolism. In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, we find that the expression of LIPG is associated with long non-coding RNA DANCR and positively correlates with gene signatures of mitochondrial metabolism-oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). DANCR binds to LIPG, which enables tumor cells to maintain the expression. Importantly, LIPG knockdown inhibits OXPHOS and TNBC tumor formation. Finally, our study identifies a natural compound, the LIPG inhibitor cynaroside, which provides a new therapeutic strategy against TNBC. Abstract Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells reprogram their metabolism to provide metabolic flexibility for tumor cell growth and survival in the tumor microenvironment. While our previous findings indicated that endothelial lipase (EL/LIPG) is a hallmark of TNBC, the precise mechanism through which LIPG instigates TNBC metabolism remains undefined. Here, we report that the expression of LIPG is associated with long non-coding RNA DANCR and positively correlates with gene signatures of mitochondrial metabolism-oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). DANCR binds to LIPG, enabling tumor cells to maintain LIPG protein stability and OXPHOS. As one mechanism of LIPG in the regulation of tumor cell oxidative metabolism, LIPG mediates histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) and histone acetylation, which contribute to changes in IL-6 and fatty acid synthesis gene expression. Finally, aided by a relaxed docking approach, we discovered a new LIPG inhibitor, cynaroside, that effectively suppressed the enzyme activity and DANCR in TNBC cells. Treatment with cynaroside inhibited the OXPHOS phenotype of TNBC cells, which severely impaired tumor formation. Taken together, our study provides mechanistic insights into the LIPG modulation of mitochondrial metabolism in TNBC and a proof-of-concept that targeting LIPG is a promising new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of TNBC.
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17
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Nicolescu C, Vaidya A, Schilb A, Lu ZR. Regulating Oncogenic LncRNA DANCR with Targeted ECO/siRNA Nanoparticles for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:22743-22753. [PMID: 35811871 PMCID: PMC9260776 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) differentiation antagonizing noncoding RNA (DANCR) is a proven oncogenic lncRNA across multiple cancer types. Its effects on cancer cell migration and invasion position it as a potential target for therapy on multiple levels of gene regulation. DANCR is overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common lung cancer subtype with poor patient survival. To effectively deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) against DANCR for NSCLC therapy, we used arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-(1-aminoethyl)-iminobis[N-oleicylcysteinyl-1-aminoethyl)propionamide] (ECO)/small interfering RNA against DANCR (siDANCR) nanoparticles to transfect A549 and NCI-H1299 cells. Over 90% DANCR silencing was observed along with inhibition of cell migration, invasion, and spheroid formation relative to transfection with negative control siRNA in RGD-PEG-ECO nanoparticles. DANCR knockdown further showed efficacy in reducing migration and invasion of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-inhibitor resistant NSCLC along with resensitization to the inhibitor. RGD-PEG-ECO/siDANCR demonstrated silencing for up to 7 d following a single transfection. The results suggest nanoparticle-mediated RNA interference against DANCR as a potential approach for NSCLC treatment by regulating cell migration and invasion in addition to improving EGFR inhibitor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calin Nicolescu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Amita Vaidya
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Andrew Schilb
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Zheng-Rong Lu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Case
Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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18
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Mitra R, Adams CM, Eischen CM. Systematic lncRNA mapping to genome-wide co-essential modules uncovers cancer dependency on uncharacterized lncRNAs. eLife 2022; 11:e77357. [PMID: 35695878 PMCID: PMC9191893 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantification of gene dependency across hundreds of cell lines using genome-scale CRISPR screens has revealed co-essential pathways/modules and critical functions of uncharacterized genes. In contrast to protein-coding genes, robust CRISPR-based loss-of-function screens are lacking for long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are key regulators of many cellular processes, leaving many essential lncRNAs unidentified and uninvestigated. Integrating copy number, epigenetic, and transcriptomic data of >800 cancer cell lines with CRISPR-derived co-essential pathways, our method recapitulates known essential lncRNAs and predicts proliferation/growth dependency of 289 poorly characterized lncRNAs. Analyzing lncRNA dependencies across 10 cancer types and their expression alteration by diverse growth inhibitors across cell types, we prioritize 30 high-confidence pan-cancer proliferation/growth-regulating lncRNAs. Further evaluating two previously uncharacterized top proliferation-suppressive lncRNAs (PSLR-1, PSLR-2) showed they are transcriptionally regulated by p53, induced by multiple cancer treatments, and significantly correlate to increased cancer patient survival. These lncRNAs modulate G2 cell cycle-regulating genes within the FOXM1 transcriptional network, inducing a G2 arrest and inhibiting proliferation and colony formation. Collectively, our results serve as a powerful resource for exploring lncRNA-mediated regulation of cellular fitness in cancer, circumventing current limitations in lncRNA research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkrishna Mitra
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Clare M Adams
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Christine M Eischen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaUnited States
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19
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Dadhich R, Kapoor S. Lipidomic and Membrane Mechanical Signatures in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Scope for Membrane-Based Theranostics. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:2507-2528. [PMID: 35595957 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive form of breast cancer associated with poor prognosis, higher grade, and a high rate of metastatic occurrence. Limited therapeutic interventions and the compounding issue of drug resistance in triple-negative breast cancer warrants the discovery of novel therapeutic targets and diagnostic modules. To this view, in addition to proteins, lipids also regulate cellular functions via the formation of membranes that modulate membrane protein function, diffusion, and their localization; thus, orchestrating signaling hot spots enriched in specific lipids/proteins on cell membranes. Lipid deregulation in cancer leads to reprogramming of the membrane dynamics and functions impacting cell proliferation, metabolism, and metastasis, providing exciting starting points for developing lipid-based approaches for treating TNBC. In this review, we provide a detailed account of specific lipidic changes in breast cancer, link the altered lipidome with membrane structure and mechanical properties, and describe how these are linked to subsequent downstream functions implicit in cancer progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance. At the fundamental level, we discuss how the lipid-centric findings in TNBC are providing cues for developing lipid-inspired theranostic strategies while bridging existing gaps in our understanding of the functional involvement of lipid membranes in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchika Dadhich
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Shobhna Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India. .,Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan.
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20
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Long non-coding RNA Linc00205 promotes hepatoblastoma progression through regulating microRNA-154-3p/Rho-associated coiled-coil Kinase 1 axis via mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:1782-1796. [PMID: 35179516 PMCID: PMC8908927 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common pediatric liver tumor. The significant tumor heterogeneity of HB leads to varied prognoses among children with the disease. Recent studies have suggested that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can serve as novel therapies for HB treatment. Thus, in this study, we aimed to reveal the function and mechanism of the lncRNA Linc00205 in HB. Our results exhibited that, in both HB tissues and cell lines, levels of Linc00205 were significantly increased. In addition, knockdown of Linc00205 led to suppression of HB development. Moreover, we identified that Linc00205 was able to directly bind to miR-154-3p, thus isolating miR-154-3p from its target Rho-associated coiled-coil Kinase 1 (ROCK1). Further cellular behavioral experiments elucidated that the miR-154-3p inhibitor and ROCK1 overexpression were able to reverse the effect of downregulated Linc00205 on proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of HB cells by rescue assays via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Our results demonstrated that Linc00205 enhanced HB progression by regulating ROCK1 expression via sponging miR-154-3p through MAPK signaling, which suggests a novel potential therapeutic target for HB.
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21
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Ren Y, Zhu J, Han Y, Li P, Wu J, Qu H, Zhang Z, Fang X. Regulatory association of long noncoding RNAs and chromatin accessibility facilitates erythroid differentiation. Blood Adv 2021; 5:5396-5409. [PMID: 34644394 PMCID: PMC9153002 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythroid differentiation is a dynamic process regulated by multiple factors, whereas the interaction between long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and chromatin accessibility and its influence on erythroid differentiation remains unclear. To elucidate this interaction, we used hematopoietic stem cells, multipotent progenitor cells, common myeloid progenitor cells, megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells, and erythroblasts from human cord blood as an erythroid differentiation model to explore the coordinated regulatory functions of lncRNAs and chromatin accessibility by integrating RNA-seq and ATAC-seq data. We revealed that the integrated network of chromatin accessibility and lncRNAs exhibits stage-specific changes throughout the erythroid differentiation process and that the changes at the erythroblast stage of maturation are dramatic. We identified a subset of stage-specific lncRNAs and transcription factors (TFs) that associate with chromatin accessibility during erythroid differentiation, in which lncRNAs are key regulators of terminal erythroid differentiation via an lncRNA-TF-gene network. LncRNA PCED1B-AS1 was revealed to regulate terminal erythroid differentiation by coordinating GATA1 dynamically binding to the chromatin and interacting with the cytoskeleton network during erythroid differentiation. DANCR, another lncRNA that is highly expressed at the megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell stage, was verified to promote erythroid differentiation by compromising megakaryocyte differentiation and coordinating with chromatin accessibility and TFs, such as RUNX1. Overall, our results identify the associated network of lncRNAs and chromatin accessibility in erythropoiesis and provide novel insights into erythroid differentiation and abundant resources for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junwei Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science & Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Genome and Precision Medicine Technologies, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Han
- Guizhou University, Medical College, Guiyang, China, China; and
| | - Pin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science & Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science & Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongzhu Qu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science & Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Genome and Precision Medicine Technologies, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xiangdong Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science & Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Genome and Precision Medicine Technologies, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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22
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Li M, Zhang Y, Fan M, Ren H, Chen M, Shi P. Identification of the ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs signature to improve the prognosis prediction and immunotherapy response in patients with NSCLC. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:286. [PMID: 34861872 PMCID: PMC8642916 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-01133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent type of lung carcinoma with an unfavorable prognosis. Ferroptosis is involved in the development of multiple cancers. Whereas, the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs in NSCLC remains uncertain. METHODS Gene expression profiles and clinical information of NSCLC were retrieved from the TCGA database. Ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) were explored in the FerrDb database and previous studies, ferroptosis-related lncRNAs (FRGs-lncRNAs) were identified by the correlation analysis and the LncTarD database. The differentially expressed FRGs-lncRNAs were screened and FRGs-lncRNAs associated with the prognosis were explored by univariate Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Then, an FRGs-lncRNAs signature was constructed and verified by the Lasso-penalized Cox analysis. Finally, the potential correlation between risk score, immune checkpoint genes, and chemotherapeutic sensitivity was further investigated. RESULTS 129 lncRNAs with a potential regulatory relationship with 59 differentially expressed FRGs were found in NSCLC, of which 10 were related to the prognosis of NSCLC (P < 0.05). 9 prognostic-related FRGs-lncRNAs were used to construct the prognostic model and stratify NSCLC patients into high- and low-risk groups. A worse outcome was found in patients with high risk (P < 0.05). Moreover, a good predictive capacity of this signature in predicting NSCLC prognosis was confirmed. Additionally, 45 immune checkpoint genes and 4 chemotherapeutics drugs for NSCLC were identified to be correlated with the risk score. CONCLUSION A novel FRGs-lncRNAs signature was successfully constructed, which may contribute to improving the management strategies of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, No. 277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, No. 277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanpeng Zhang
- Department of Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, No. 277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, No. 277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, No. 277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meng Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, No. 277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, No. 277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, No. 277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, No. 277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Puyu Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, No. 277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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23
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Parekh U, McDonald D, Dailamy A, Wu Y, Cordes T, Zhang K, Tipps A, Metallo C, Mali P. Charting oncogenicity of genes and variants across lineages via multiplexed screens in teratomas. iScience 2021; 24:103149. [PMID: 34646987 PMCID: PMC8496177 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Deconstructing tissue-specific effects of genes and variants on proliferation is critical to understanding cellular transformation and systematically selecting cancer therapeutics. This requires scalable methods for multiplexed genetic screens tracking fitness across time, across lineages, and in a suitable niche, since physiological cues influence functional differences. Towards this, we present an approach, coupling single-cell cancer driver screens in teratomas with hit enrichment by serial teratoma reinjection, to simultaneously screen drivers across multiple lineages in vivo. Using this system, we analyzed population shifts and lineage-specific enrichment for 51 cancer associated genes and variants, profiling over 100,000 cells spanning over 20 lineages, across two rounds of serial reinjection. We confirmed that c-MYC alone or combined with myristoylated AKT1 potently drives proliferation in progenitor neural lineages, demonstrating signatures of malignancy. Additionally, mutant MEK1 S218D/S222D provides a proliferative advantage in mesenchymal lineages like fibroblasts. Our method provides a powerful platform for multi-lineage longitudinal study of oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udit Parekh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Daniella McDonald
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Amir Dailamy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Thekla Cordes
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Ann Tipps
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Christian Metallo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
- Salk Institute of Biological Studies, La Jolla, USA
| | - Prashant Mali
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
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24
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Hegre SA, Samdal H, Klima A, Stovner EB, Nørsett KG, Liabakk NB, Olsen LC, Chawla K, Aas PA, Sætrom P. Joint changes in RNA, RNA polymerase II, and promoter activity through the cell cycle identify non-coding RNAs involved in proliferation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18952. [PMID: 34556693 PMCID: PMC8460802 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97909-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper regulation of the cell cycle is necessary for normal growth and development of all organisms. Conversely, altered cell cycle regulation often underlies proliferative diseases such as cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are recognized as important regulators of gene expression and are often found dysregulated in diseases, including cancers. However, identifying lncRNAs with cell cycle functions is challenging due to their often low and cell-type specific expression. We present a highly effective method that analyses changes in promoter activity, transcription, and RNA levels for identifying genes enriched for cell cycle functions. Specifically, by combining RNA sequencing with ChIP sequencing through the cell cycle of synchronized human keratinocytes, we identified 1009 genes with cell cycle-dependent expression and correlated changes in RNA polymerase II occupancy or promoter activity as measured by histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3). These genes were highly enriched for genes with known cell cycle functions and included 57 lncRNAs. We selected four of these lncRNAs-SNHG26, EMSLR, ZFAS1, and EPB41L4A-AS1-for further experimental validation and found that knockdown of each of the four lncRNAs affected cell cycle phase distributions and reduced proliferation in multiple cell lines. These results show that many genes with cell cycle functions have concomitant cell-cycle dependent changes in promoter activity, transcription, and RNA levels and support that our multi-omics method is well suited for identifying lncRNAs involved in the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siv Anita Hegre
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Helle Samdal
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Antonin Klima
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Endre B Stovner
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristin G Nørsett
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nina Beate Liabakk
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lene Christin Olsen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Bioinformatics Core Facility-BioCore, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,The Central Norway Regional Health Authority, St. Olavs Hospital HF, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Konika Chawla
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Bioinformatics Core Facility-BioCore, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Per Arne Aas
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pål Sætrom
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway. .,Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway. .,K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway. .,Bioinformatics Core Facility-BioCore, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
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25
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Concomitant and decoupled effects of cigarette smoke and SCAL1 upregulation on oncogenic phenotypes and ROS detoxification in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18345. [PMID: 34526564 PMCID: PMC8443756 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97869-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with smoking as its primary predisposing factor. Although carcinogens in cigarettes are known to cause oncogenic DNA alterations, analyses of patient cohorts revealed heterogeneous genetic aberrations with no clear driver mutations. The contribution of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of lung cancer has since been demonstrated. Their dysregulation has been linked to cancer initiation and progression. A novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) called smoke and cancer-associated lncRNA 1 (SCAL1) was recently found upregulated in smoke-exposed adenocarcinomic alveolar epithelial cells. The present study characterized the phenotypic consequences of SCAL1 overexpression and knockdown using A549 cells as model system, with or without prior exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Increase in SCAL1 levels either by CSE treatment or SCAL1 overexpression led to increased cell migration, extensive cytoskeletal remodeling, and resistance to apoptosis. Further, SCAL1 levels were negatively correlated with intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In contrast, SCAL1 knockdown showed converse results for these assays. These results confirm the oncogenic function of SCAL1 and its role as a CSE-activated lncRNA that mediates ROS detoxification in A549 cells, thereby allowing them to develop resistance to and survive smoke-induced toxicity.
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Liu H, Zhang Q, Song Y, Hao Y, Cui Y, Zhang X, Zhang X, Qin Y, Zhu G, Wang F, Dang J, Ma S, Zhang Y, Guo W, Li S, Guan F, Fan T. Long non-coding RNA SLC2A1-AS1 induced by GLI3 promotes aerobic glycolysis and progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by sponging miR-378a-3p to enhance Glut1 expression. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:287. [PMID: 34517880 PMCID: PMC8436487 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence demonstrates that lncRNAs play pivotal roles in tumor energy metabolism; however, the detailed mechanisms of lncRNAs in the regulation of tumor glycolysis remain largely unknown. METHODS The expression of SLC2A1-AS1 was investigated by TCGA, GEO dataset and qRT-PCR. The binding of GLI3 to SLC2A1-AS1 promoter was detected by Luciferase Reporter Assay System and Ago2-RIP assay. FISH was performed to determine the localization of SLC2A1-AS1 in ESCC cells. Double Luciferase Report assay was used to investigate the interaction of miR-378a-3p with SLC2A1-AS1 and Glut1. Gain-of-function and Loss-of-function assay were performed to dissect the function of SLC2A1-AS1/miR-378a-3p/Glut1 axis in ESCC progression in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We identified a novel lncRNA SLC2A1-AS1 in ESCC. SLC2A1-AS1 was frequently overexpressed in ESCC tissues and cells, and its overexpression was associated with TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis of ESCC patients. Importantly, GLI3 and SLC2A1-AS1 formed a regulatory feedback loop in ESCC cells. SLC2A1-AS1 promoted cell growth in vitro and in vivo, migration and invasion, and suppressed apoptosis, leading to EMT progression and increased glycolysis in ESCC cells. SLC2A1-AS1 functioned as ceRNA for sponging miR-378a-3p, resulting in Glut1 overexpression in ESCC cells. MiR-378a-3p inhibited cell proliferation and invasion as well as induced apoptosis, resulting in reduced glycolysis, which was partly reversed by SLC2A1-AS1 or Glut1 overexpression in ESCC cells. CONCLUSION SLC2A1-AS1 plays important roles in ESCC development and progression by regulating glycolysis, and SLC2A1-AS1/miR-378a-3p/Glut1 regulatory axis may be a novel therapeutic target in terms of metabolic remodeling of ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Yinsen Song
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Yibin Hao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Yunxia Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yue Qin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Guangzhao Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinghan Dang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yanting Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Wenna Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Shenglei Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Fangxia Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Tianli Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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Azwar S, Seow HF, Abdullah M, Faisal Jabar M, Mohtarrudin N. Recent Updates on Mechanisms of Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil and Reversal Strategies in Colon Cancer Treatment. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:854. [PMID: 34571731 PMCID: PMC8466833 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) plus leucovorin (LV) remain as the mainstay standard adjuvant chemotherapy treatment for early stage colon cancer, and the preferred first-line option for metastatic colon cancer patients in combination with oxaliplatin in FOLFOX, or irinotecan in FOLFIRI regimens. Despite treatment success to a certain extent, the incidence of chemotherapy failure attributed to chemotherapy resistance is still reported in many patients. This resistance, which can be defined by tumor tolerance against chemotherapy, either intrinsic or acquired, is primarily driven by the dysregulation of various components in distinct pathways. In recent years, it has been established that the incidence of 5-FU resistance, akin to multidrug resistance, can be attributed to the alterations in drug transport, evasion of apoptosis, changes in the cell cycle and DNA-damage repair machinery, regulation of autophagy, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cell involvement, tumor microenvironment interactions, miRNA dysregulations, epigenetic alterations, as well as redox imbalances. Certain resistance mechanisms that are 5-FU-specific have also been ascertained to include the upregulation of thymidylate synthase, dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, and the downregulation of thymidine phosphorylase. Indeed, the successful modulation of these mechanisms have been the game plan of numerous studies that had employed small molecule inhibitors, plant-based small molecules, and non-coding RNA regulators to effectively reverse 5-FU resistance in colon cancer cells. It is hoped that these studies would provide fundamental knowledge to further our understanding prior developing novel drugs in the near future that would synergistically work with 5-FU to potentiate its antitumor effects and improve the patient's overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamin Azwar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.A.); (H.F.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Heng Fong Seow
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.A.); (H.F.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Maha Abdullah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.A.); (H.F.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohd Faisal Jabar
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Norhafizah Mohtarrudin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.A.); (H.F.S.); (M.A.)
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Molecular epigenetic dynamics in breast carcinogenesis. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:741-763. [PMID: 34392501 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01348-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer has become one of the most common dreadful diseases that target women across the globe. The most obvious reasons we associate with it are either genetic mutations or dysregulation of pathways. However, there is yet another domain that has a significant role in influencing the genetic mutations and pathways. Epigenetic mechanisms influence these pathways either independently or in association with genetic mutations, thereby expediting the process of breast carcinogenesis. Breast cancer is governed by various transduction pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NOTCH, β Catenin, NF-kB, Hedgehog, etc. There are many proteins as well that serve to be tumor suppressors but somehow lose their ability to function. This may be because of either genetic mutation or a process that represses their function. Apart from these, there are a lot of individual factors like puberty, breastfeeding, abortion, parity, circadian rhythm, alcohol consumption, pollutants, and obesity that drive these mutations and hence alter the pathways. Epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation, histone modifications, and lncRNAs directly or indirectly bring alterations in the proteins that are involved in the pathways. They do this by either promoting the transcription of genes or by repressing it at the ground genetic level that advances breast carcinogenesis. Epigenetics precedes genetic mutation in driving carcinogenesis and so, it needs to be explored further to diversify the possibilities of target specific treatments. In this review, the general role of DNA methylation, histone modification, and lncRNAs in breast cancer and their role in influencing the oncogenic signaling pathways along with the various factors governing them have been discussed for a better understanding of the role of epigenetics in breast carcinogenesis.
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Yang Z, Li Q, Zheng X, Xie L. Long Noncoding RNA Small Nucleolar Host Gene: A Potential Therapeutic Target in Urological Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:638721. [PMID: 33968736 PMCID: PMC8100577 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.638721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of urological cancer has been gradually increasing in the last few decades. However, current diagnostic tools and treatment strategies continue to have limitations. Substantial evidence shows that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential roles in carcinogenesis and the progression, treatment response and prognosis of multiple human cancers, including urological cancers, gastrointestinal tumours, reproductive cancers and respiratory neoplasms. LncRNA small nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs), a subgroup of lncRNAs, have been found to be dysregulated in tumour cell biology. In this review, we summarize the impacts of lncRNA SNHGs in urological malignancies and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitong Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinchen Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyi Zheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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The complexity of tumour angiogenesis based on recently described molecules. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2021; 25:33-44. [PMID: 33911980 PMCID: PMC8063899 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2021.105075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour angiogenesis is a crucial factor associated with tumour growth, progression, and metastasis. The whole process is the result of an interaction between a wide range of different molecules, influencing each other. Herein we summarize novel discoveries related to the less known angiogenic molecules such as galectins, pentraxin-3, Ral-interacting protein of 76 kDa (RLIP76), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), B7-H3, and delta-like ligand-4 (DLL-4) and their role in the process of tumour angiogenesis. These molecules influence the most important molecular pathways involved in the formation of blood vessels in cancer, including the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor interaction (VEGFR), HIF1-a activation, or PI3K/Akt/mTOR and JAK-STAT signalling pathways. Increased expression of galectins, RLIP76, and B7H3 has been proven in several malignancies. Pentraxin-3, which appears to inhibit tumour angiogenesis, shows reduced expression in tumour tissues. Anti-angiogenic treatment based mainly on VEGF inhibition has proved to be of limited effectiveness, leading to the development of drug resistance. The newly discovered molecules are of great interest as a potential source of new anti-cancer therapies. Their role as targets for new drugs and as prognostic markers in neoplasms is discussed in this review.
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Wang H, Zhang K, Liu J, Yang J, Tian Y, Yang C, Li Y, Shao M, Su W, Song N. Curcumin Regulates Cancer Progression: Focus on ncRNAs and Molecular Signaling Pathways. Front Oncol 2021; 11:660712. [PMID: 33912467 PMCID: PMC8072122 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.660712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin [(1E,6E) ‑1,7‑bis(4‑hydroxy‑3‑methoxyphenyl) hepta‑1,6‑diene‑3,5‑ dione] is a natural polyphenol derived from the rhizome of the turmeric plant Curcuma longa. Accumulated evidences have presented curcumin’s function in terms of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties, and especially anti-tumor activities. Studies demonstrated that curcumin could exert anti-tumor activity via multiple biological signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, JAK/STAT, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, p53, NF-ĸB and apoptosis related signaling pathways. Moreover, Curcumin can inhibit tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion and metastasis by regulating tumor related non-coding RNA (ncRNA) expression. In this review, we summarized the roles of curcumin in regulating signaling pathways and ncRNAs in different kinds of cancers. We also discussed the regulatory effect of curcumin through inhibiting carcinogenic miRNA and up regulating tumor suppressive miRNA. Furthermore, we aim to illustrate the cross regulatory relationship between ncRNA and signaling pathways, further to get a better understanding of the anti-tumor mechanism of curcumin, thus lay a theoretical foundation for the clinical application of curcumin in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yidan Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chen Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yushan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Minglong Shao
- Department of Mental Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Na Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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Wang M, Xu T, Feng W, Liu J, Wang Z. Advances in Understanding the LncRNA-Mediated Regulation of the Hippo Pathway in Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:2397-2415. [PMID: 33854336 PMCID: PMC8039192 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s283157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA molecules that are longer than 200 nucleotides and cannot encode proteins. Over the past decade, lncRNAs have been defined as regulatory elements of multiple biological processes, and their aberrant expression contributes to the development and progression of various malignancies. Recent studies have shown that lncRNAs are involved in key cancer-related signaling pathways, including the Hippo signaling pathway, which plays a prominent role in controlling organ size and tissue homeostasis by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. However, dysregulation of this pathway is associated with pathological conditions, especially cancer. Accumulating evidence has revealed that lncRNAs can modulate the Hippo signaling pathway in cancer. In this review, we elaborate on the role of the Hippo signaling pathway and the advances in the understanding of its lncRNA-mediated regulation in cancer. This review provides additional insight into carcinogenesis and will be of great clinical value for developing novel early detection and treatment strategies for this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Wang
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianwei Xu
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyan Feng
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Junxia Liu
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Long non-coding RNA DANCR modulates osteogenic differentiation by regulating the miR-1301-3p/PROX1 axis. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2503-2512. [PMID: 33629241 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The balance of osteoblasts and marrow adipocytes from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) maintains bone health. Under aging or other pathological stimuli, BM-MSCs will preferentially differentiate into marrow adipocytes and reduce osteoblasts, leading to osteoporosis. Long non-coding RNA differentiation antagonizing non-protein coding RNA (DANCR) participates in the osteogenic differentiation of human BM-MSCs, but the mechanism by which DANCR regulates the osteogenic differentiation of human BM-MSCs has not been fully explained. We observed that DANCR and prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1) were downregulated during osteogenic differentiation of human BM-MSCs, while miR-1301-3p had an opposite trend. DANCR overexpression decreased the levels of alkaline phosphatase, RUNX2, osteocalcin, Osterix in BM-MSCs after osteogenic induction, but DANCR silencing had the opposite result. Moreover, DANCR sponged miR-1301-3p to regulate PROX1 expression. miR-1301-3p overexpression reversed the suppressive role of DANCR elevation on the osteogenic differentiation of human BM-MSCs. Also, PROX1 elevation abolished the promoting role of miR-1301-3p overexpression on the osteogenic differentiation of human BM-MSCs. In conclusion, DANCR suppressed the osteogenic differentiation of human BM-MSCs through the miR-1301-3p/PROX1 axis, offering a novel mechanism by which DANCR is responsible for the osteogenic differentiation of human BM-MSCs.
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LncRNAs in Ovarian Cancer Progression, Metastasis, and Main Pathways: ceRNA and Alternative Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228855. [PMID: 33238475 PMCID: PMC7700431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OvCa) develops asymptomatically until it reaches the advanced stages with metastasis, chemoresistance, and poor prognosis. Our review focuses on the analysis of regulatory long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) competing with protein-coding mRNAs for binding to miRNAs according to the model of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in OvCa. Analysis of publications showed that most lncRNAs acting as ceRNAs participate in OvCa progression: migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and metastasis. More than 30 lncRNAs turned out to be predictors of survival and/or response to therapy in patients with OvCa. For a number of oncogenic (CCAT1, HOTAIR, NEAT1, and TUG1 among others) and some suppressive lncRNAs, several lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA axes were identified, which revealed various functions for each of them. Our review also considers examples of alternative mechanisms of actions for lncRNAs besides being ceRNAs, including binding directly to mRNA or protein, and some of them (DANCR, GAS5, MALAT1, and UCA1 among others) act by both mechanisms depending on the target protein. A systematic analysis based on the data from literature and Panther or KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) databases showed that a significant part of lncRNAs affects the key pathways involved in OvCa metastasis, EMT, and chemoresistance.
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Zhang X, Ma L, Zhang C, Hou B, Zhou Y, Yu S. Silencing LncRNA-DANCR attenuates inflammation and DSS-induced endothelial injury through miR-125b-5p. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2020; 44:644-653. [PMID: 33317921 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND LncRNA-DANCR is involved in inflammation and acts as a major contributor to colon cancer. The effects and mechanism of LncRNA-DANCR were first investigated in a DSS-induced colitis model in vivo and vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were given DSS to induce the colitis model. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels and expression of intestinal adhesion proteins ZO-1 and MUC2 in colon tissues and DSS-induced NCM460 cells were measured using corresponding kits. A hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining assay was performed to evaluate colon tissue pathology conditions. Protein expression levels in DSS-induced NCM460 cells were evaluated by Western blotting, and cell apoptosis was detected using a TUNEL assay. Gene levels in DSS-induced NCM460 cells were evaluated by PCR. The StarBase online tool was used to predict the LncRNA-DANCR target. The LncRNA-DANCR target was verified using a luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS LncRNA-DANCR was up-regulated in DSS-induced groups of rats. TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 expression was significantly increased in DSS-induced groups of rats and cells. Zo-1 and MUC2 expression levels were decreased in DSS-induced groups of rats. Silencing LncRNA-DANCR reduced inflammation, cell apoptosis and up-regulated ZO-1, MUC2 and Claudin-1 in DSS-induced cells. MiR-125b-5p was the downstream LncRNA-DANCR target. All LncRNA-DANCR effects in the colitis model were reversed by the miR-125b-5p inhibitor. CONCLUSION LncRNA-DANCR/miR-125b-5p, which may act as a regulatory axis in inflammation, apoptosis and barrier function dysregulation, can provide an essential reference for the development of new drugs in colitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Lizhuan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Bingxu Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yanli Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Simiao Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
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Chiba Y. [Non-coding RNAs and bronchial smooth muscle hyperresponsiveness in allergic bronchial asthma]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2020; 155:364-368. [PMID: 33132251 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.20053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), play important roles in normal and diseased cell functions. A small GTPase RhoA is a key protein of bronchial smooth muscle (BSM) contraction, and an up-regulation of RhoA has been demonstrated in BSMs of experimental asthma. Our previous study also demonstrated that RhoA translation was controlled by a miRNA, miR-133a, in BSMs. In human BSM cells (hBSMCs), an up-regulation of RhoA was observed when the function of endogenous miR-133a was inhibited by its antagomir. Treatment of hBSMCs with interleukin-13 (IL-13) caused an up-regulation of RhoA and a down-regulation of miR-133a. In a murine experimental asthma, increased expression of IL-13 and RhoA and the BSM hyperresponsiveness were observed. Interestingly, the level of miR-133a was significantly decreased in BSMs of the diseased animals. These findings suggest that RhoA expression is negatively regulated by miR-133a in BSMs, and that the miR-133a down-regulation causes an up-regulation of RhoA, resulting in an augmentation of the contraction. Recent studies also revealed an inhibitory effect of lncRNA Malat1 on the miR-133a function. Thus, lncRNAs/miRNAs might be key regulators of BSM hyperresponsiveness, and provide us a new insight into the treatment of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Chiba
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Interferon-Mediated Long Non-Coding RNA Response in Macrophages in the Context of HIV. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207741. [PMID: 33086748 PMCID: PMC7589721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons play a critical role in the innate immune response against a variety of pathogens, such as HIV-1. Recent studies have shown that long non-coding genes are part of a reciprocal feedforward/feedback relationship with interferon expression. They presumably contribute to the cell type specificity of the interferon response, such as the phenotypic and functional transition of macrophages throughout the immune response. However, no comprehensive understanding exists today about the IFN–lncRNA interplay in macrophages, also a sanctuary for latent HIV-1. Therefore, we completed a poly-A+ RNAseq analysis on monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) treated with members of all three types of IFNs (IFN-α, IFN-ε, IFN-γ or IFN-λ) and on macrophages infected with HIV-1, revealing an extensive non-coding IFN and/or HIV-1 response. Moreover, co-expression correlation with mRNAs was used to identify important (long) non-coding hub genes within IFN- or HIV-1-associated gene clusters. This study identified and prioritized IFN related hub lncRNAs for further functional validation.
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Wu G, Zhou H, Li D, Zhi Y, Liu Y, Li J, Wang F. LncRNA DANCR upregulation induced by TUFT1 promotes malignant progression in triple negative breast cancer via miR-874-3p-SOX2 axis. Exp Cell Res 2020; 396:112331. [PMID: 33058834 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with poorest survival outcome and is prone to metastasis. TUFT1 and the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), DANCR, play vital roles in metastasis and progression of various cancers. However, the correlation between TUFT1 and DANCR in TNBC and their downstream molecular mechanisms are still undetermined. We demonstrated that upregulation of TUFT1 in TNBC was related to a worse survival in TNBC patients. The TNBC cells invasiveness was augmented by TUFT1 in a dose-dependent manner, while inhibiting TUFT1 repressed the invasiveness. Particularly, the expression of TUFT1 was positively correlated with the expression of DANCR in TNBC tissues. In addition, TUFT1 increased DANCR expression, while silencing DANCR ameliorated the invasiveness of TNBC cells induced by TUFT1. As demonstrated, TUFT1 interacted with miR-874-3p. Subsequently, qRT-PCR together with luciferase reporter further demonstrated that DANCR acted as competing endogenous (ceRNA) for miR-874-3p, thereby regulating the de-repression of SOX2 and advancing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in TNBC. The present research shows that TUFT1 promotes the malignant development in TNBC via enhancing the expression of DANCR. The upregulation of DANCR may contribute to the progression and tumor invasiveness of TNBC, considering that DANCR functions as a miR-874-3p sponge, thus modulating SOX2 positively. Collectively, the present study explored the molecular mechanism underlying TUFT1 in TNBC, raising a TUFT1-mediated therapy for the treatment of patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyun Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Huatao Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Danhua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yaowei Zhi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Intensive Care Unit, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yafang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Junhua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Meydan C, Madrer N, Soreq H. The Neat Dance of COVID-19: NEAT1, DANCR, and Co-Modulated Cholinergic RNAs Link to Inflammation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:590870. [PMID: 33163005 PMCID: PMC7581732 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.590870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic exerts inflammation-related parasympathetic complications and post-infection manifestations with major inter-individual variability. To seek the corresponding transcriptomic origins for the impact of COVID-19 infection and its aftermath consequences, we sought the relevance of long and short non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) for susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. We selected inflammation-prone men and women of diverse ages among the cohort of Genome Tissue expression (GTEx) by mining RNA-seq datasets from their lung, and blood tissues, followed by quantitative qRT-PCR, bioinformatics-based network analyses and thorough statistics compared to brain cell culture and infection tests with COVID-19 and H1N1 viruses. In lung tissues from 57 inflammation-prone, but not other GTEx donors, we discovered sharp declines of the lung pathology-associated ncRNA DANCR and the nuclear paraspeckles forming neuroprotective ncRNA NEAT1. Accompanying increases in the acetylcholine-regulating transcripts capable of controlling inflammation co-appeared in SARS-CoV-2 infected but not H1N1 influenza infected lung cells. The lung cells-characteristic DANCR and NEAT1 association with inflammation-controlling transcripts could not be observed in blood cells, weakened with age and presented sex-dependent links in GTEx lung RNA-seq dataset. Supporting active involvement in the inflammatory risks accompanying COVID-19, DANCR's decline associated with decrease of the COVID-19-related cellular transcript ACE2 and with sex-related increases in coding transcripts potentiating acetylcholine signaling. Furthermore, transcription factors (TFs) in lung, brain and cultured infected cells created networks with the candidate transcripts, indicating tissue-specific expression patterns. Supporting links of post-infection inflammatory and cognitive damages with cholinergic mal-functioning, man and woman-originated cultured cholinergic neurons presented differentiation-related increases of DANCR and NEAT1 targeting microRNAs. Briefly, changes in ncRNAs and TFs from inflammation-prone human lung tissues, SARS-CoV-2-infected lung cells and man and woman-derived differentiated cholinergic neurons reflected the inflammatory pathobiology related to COVID-19. By shifting ncRNA differences into comparative diagnostic and therapeutic profiles, our RNA-sequencing based Resource can identify ncRNA regulating candidates for COVID-19 and its associated immediate and predicted long-term inflammation and neurological complications, and sex-related therapeutics thereof. Our findings encourage diagnostics of involved tissue, and further investigation of NEAT1-inducing statins and anti-cholinergic medications in the COVID-19 context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanan Meydan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayanei Hayeshua Medical Center, Bnei Brak, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Central District, Leumit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nimrod Madrer
- The Department of Biological Chemistry and The Edmond and Lilly Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Department of Biological Chemistry and The Edmond and Lilly Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Zhao J, Liu D, Yang H, Yu S, He H. Long noncoding RNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: biological functions and mechanisms. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8075-8090. [PMID: 32914266 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05777-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the primary malignant tumor of the oral cavity, larynx, nasopharynx, esophagus and tongue. Although several novel therapeutic methods for HNSCC have been developed, the final therapeutic effect on the patient is still not satisfactory. Thus, it is imperative that scientists identify novel distinguishable markers with specific molecular characteristics that can be used in therapeutic and prognostic evaluation. Previous reports have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression in many cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Translational studies of lncRNAs in HNSCC are urgently required before their application as a treatment can be realized. We aimed to address the most relevant findings on lncRNAs as biomarkers or treatment targets in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and to summarize their discovered pathways and mechanisms of action to reveal the possible future applications of these novel biomarkers in clinical translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zhao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Daming Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shan Yu
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Avenue, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Hongjiang He
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
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Su XH, Zhu YR, Hou YJ, Li K, Dong NH. PVT1 induces NSCLC cell migration and invasion by regulating IL-6 via sponging miR-760. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 54:101652. [PMID: 32866660 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 80% of lung cancers with a high metastatic potential. Elucidating the mechanism of NSCLC metastasis will provide new promising targets for NSCLC therapy and benefit its prognosis. Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) has been proven to be overexpressed in NSCLC. Although the oncogenic role of PVT1 in NSCLC has been reported, its mechanism remains unclear. Here, we verified that the knockdown of PVT1 inhibited NSCLC cell migration and invasion, and that its inhibitory role on A549 cells and H1299 cells was antagonized by interleukin-6 (IL-6) treatment. The results revealed that PVT1 regulates IL-6 by sponging miR-760 and identified the binding site of miR-760 in the 3'-UTR of IL-6. In conclusion, a new mechanism was revealed, wherein PVT1 regulates NSCLC cell migration and invasion via miR-760/IL-6, suggesting PVT1/miR-760/IL-6 as promising prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for NSCLC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Yan-Rong Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Yun-Jiao Hou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Chengyang People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ke Li
- Central Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Nan-Hai Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China.
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42
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Tu C, Yang K, Wan L, He J, Qi L, Wang W, Lu Q, Li Z. The crosstalk between lncRNAs and the Hippo signalling pathway in cancer progression. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12887. [PMID: 32779318 PMCID: PMC7507458 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNAs play a pivotal role in the regulation of epigenetic modification, cell cycle, differentiation, proliferation, migration and other physiological activities. In particular, considerable studies have shown that the aberrant expression and dysregulation of lncRNAs are widely implicated in cancer initiation and progression by acting as tumour promoters or suppressors. Hippo signalling pathway has attracted researchers’ attention as one of the critical cancer‐related pathways in recent years. Increasing evidences have demonstrated that lncRNAs could interact with Hippo cascade and thereby contribute to acquisition of multiple malignant hallmarks, including proliferation, metastasis, relapse and resistance to anti‐cancer treatment. Specifically, Hippo signalling pathway is reported to modulate or be regulated by widespread lncRNAs. Intriguingly, certain lncRNAs could form a reciprocal feedback loop with Hippo signalling. More speculatively, lncRNAs related to Hippo pathway have been poised to become important putative biomarkers and therapeutic targets in human cancers. Herein, this review focuses on the crosstalk between lncRNAs and Hippo pathway in carcinogenesis, summarizes the comprehensive role of Hippo‐related lncRNAs in tumour progression and depicts their clinical diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic potentials in tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kexin Yang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jieyu He
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wanchun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong Lu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Farooqi AA, Fayyaz S, Poltronieri P, Calin G, Mallardo M. Epigenetic deregulation in cancer: Enzyme players and non-coding RNAs. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 83:197-207. [PMID: 32738290 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Data obtained from cutting-edge research have shown that deregulated epigenetic marks are critical hallmarks of cancer. Rapidly emerging scientific evidence has helped in developing a proper understanding of the mechanisms leading to control of cellular functions, from changes in chromatin accessibility, transcription and translation, and in post-translational modifications. Firstly, mechanisms of DNA methylation and demethylation are introduced, as well as modifications of DNA and RNA, with particular focus on N6-methyladenosine (m6A), discussing the effects of these modifications in normal cells and in malignancies. Then, chromatin modifying proteins and remodelling complexes are discussed. Many enzymes and accessory proteins in these complexes have been found mutated or have undergone differential splicing, leading to defective protein complexes. Epigenetic mechanisms acting on nucleosomes by polycomb repressive complexes and on chromatin by SWI/SNF complexes on nucleosome assembly/disassembly, as well as main mutated genes linked to cancers, are reviewed. Among enzymes acting on histones and other proteins erasing the reversible modifications are histone deacetylases (HDACs). Sirtuins are of interest since most of these enzymes not only deacylate histones and other proteins, but also post-translationally modify proteins adding a Mono-ADP-ribose (MAR) moiety. MAR can be read by MACRO-domain containing proteins such as histone MacroH2A1, with specific function in chromatin assembly. Finally, recent advances are presented on non-coding RNAs with a scaffold function, prospecting their role in assembly of chromatin modifying complexes, recruiting enzyme players to chromatin regions. Lastly, the imbalance in metabolites production due to mitochondrial dysfunction is presented, with the potential of these metabolites to inhibit enzymes, either writers, readers or erasers of epitranscriptome marks. In the perspectives, studies are overwied on drugs under development aiming to limit excessive enzyme activities and to reactivate chromatin modifying complexes, for therapeutic application. This knowledge may lead to novel drugs and personalised medicine for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | | | - Palmiro Poltronieri
- Institute of Sciences of Food Productions, National Research Council of Italy, via Monteroni Km 7, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - George Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, and Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Massimo Mallardo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples, "Federico II" via Pansini 5, Napoli, Italy.
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Mahboobeh Z, Pegah M, Fatemeh S, Elham K, Hanieh A, Milad R, Mohammad S. lncRNA ZEB2‐AS1
: A promising biomarker in human cancers. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:1891-1899. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.2338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zarei Mahboobeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineHormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran
| | - Mousavi Pegah
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineHormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran
| | - Sadri Fatemeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineHormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran
| | - Karimi Elham
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineHormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran
| | - Azari Hanieh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineHormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran
| | - Rafat Milad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineHormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran
| | - Shekari Mohammad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineHormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran
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Shi H, Li K, Feng J, Liu G, Feng Y, Zhang X. LncRNA-DANCR Interferes With miR-125b-5p/HK2 Axis to Desensitize Colon Cancer Cells to Cisplatin vis Activating Anaerobic Glycolysis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1034. [PMID: 32766131 PMCID: PMC7379395 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies that lead to high occurrence of cancer-related deaths. Currently, chemotherapies and radiotherapies remain the primary treatments for advanced colon cancer. Despite the initial effectiveness, a fraction of colon cancer patients developed cisplatin resistance, resulting in therapeutic failure. The long non-coding RNA differentiation antagonizing non-coding RNA (DANCR) has been shown to be upregulated in multiple cancers, indicating an oncogenic role of DANCR. This study aims to elucidate the roles of DANCR in regulating cisplatin (CDDP) resistance of colon cancer. We found DANCR was significantly upregulated in colon cancer tissues and cells compared with normal colon tissues and cells. DANCR was upregulated in cisplatin-resistant colon cancer cells. Moreover, overexpression of DANCR significantly desensitized colon cancer cells to cisplatin. On the other way, silencing DANCR dramatically overrode CDDP resistance of colon cancer cells. Bioinformatics prediction revealed DANCR could bind to seeding region of miR-125b-5p as a competitive endogenous RNA. This interference was further validated by luciferase assay. Moreover, we detected a negative correlation between DANCR and miR-125b-5p in colon cancer patient tissues: miR-125b-5p was clearly downregulated in colon cancer tissues and cells. Overexpression of miR-125b-5p significantly sensitized cisplatin-resistant cells. Interestingly, we observed the cisplatin-resistant cells were associated with a significantly increased glycolysis rate. We further identified glycolysis enzyme, hexokinase 2 (HK2), as a direct target of miR-125b-5p in colon cancer cells. Rescue experiments showed overexpression of miR-125b-5p suppressed cellular glycolysis rate and increased cisplatin sensitivity through direct targeting the 3' UTR of HK2. Importantly, silencing endogenous DANCR significantly induced the miR-125b-5p/HK2 axis, resulting in suppression of the glycolysis rate and increase in cisplatin sensitivity of colon cancer cell. Expectedly, these processes could be further rescued by inhibiting miR-125b-5p in the DANCR-silenced cells. Finally, we validated the DANCR-promoted cisplatin resistance via the miR-125b-5p/HK2 axis from an in vivo xenograft mice model. In summary, our study reveals a new mechanism of the DANCR-promoted cisplatin resistance, presenting the lncRNA-DANCR-miR-125b-5p/HK2 axis as a potential target for treating chemoresistant colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Shi
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kejun Li
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinxin Feng
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gaojie Liu
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanlin Feng
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangliang Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Yin X, Li X, Feng G, Qu Y, Wang H. LINC00565 Enhances Proliferative Ability in Endometrial Carcinoma by Downregulating KLF9. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:6181-6189. [PMID: 32636642 PMCID: PMC7334012 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s249133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To detect LINC00565 expression level in endometrial carcinoma (EC) samples and cell lines, and the correlations between LINC00565 and clinical features of EC patients. After intervening LINC00565, the underlying mechanism about proliferative ability in EC cell lines is observed. Methods Relative levels of LINC00565 and KLF9 in 52 paired EC and paracancerous tissues were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The relationship between relative level of LINC00565 or KLF9 and clinical features of EC patients was analyzed. After knockdown of LINC00565 and KLF9, potential regulations of them on biological functions of EC were examined by Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8), colony formation assay and in vivo xenograft model in nude mice, respectively. At last, dual-luciferase reporter assay and rescue experiments were conducted to illustrate the mechanisms of LINC00565 and KLF9 in mediating the development of EC. Results LINC00565 was upregulated in EC tissues. Chi-square analysis showed that a high level of LINC00565 predicted large tumor size, advanced pathological staging and poor prognosis in EC. Silence of LINC00565 decreased proliferative ability in EC cells and tumor growth in nude mice bearing EC. KLF9 was the target gene of LINC00565. The negative interaction between LINC00565 and KLF9 was responsible for stimulating the malignant development of EC. Knockdown of KLF9 could abolish the regulatory effects of silenced LINC00565 on proliferative ability and tumorigenesis in EC. Conclusion LINC00565 is upregulated in EC tissues and closely linked to tumor size, pathological staging and poor prognosis in EC patients. LINC00565 stimulates proliferative ability in EC by downregulating KLF9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyan Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guijiao Feng
- Department of the Outpatient, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuejie Qu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Dong Q, Sun X. Positive Feedback Loop LINC00511/miR-150-5p/SP1 Modulates Chondrocyte Apoptosis and Proliferation in Osteoarthritis. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:1506-1512. [PMID: 32635763 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.5718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) acts as the most common type of degenerative joint disease. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been identified to regulate the apoptosis and proliferation of chondrocyte. However, the deepgoing mechanism involved in the regulation is still unclear. This research aims to investigate the role and molecular mechanism by which lncRNA LINC00511 regulates the OA biology. Functionally, the functional experiments found that LINC00511 expression was upregulated in the IL-1β-stimulated chondrocyte (ATDC5). Knockdown of LINC00511 facilitated proliferation, and repressed the apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis of chondrocyte. Mechanically, LINC00511 functioned as sponge of miR-150-5p and then interacted with the 3'-UTR of transcription factor (SP1). In turn, transcription factor SP1 bound with the promoter region of LINC00511 and thus upregulated LINC00511 expression. In conclusion, our findings highlight the function and prognostic value of LINC00511/miR-150-5p/SP1 feedback loop in OA and extend the importance of lncRNA epigenetics in OA biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinguang Zhang
- Department of Hip Trauma, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Hip Trauma, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiang Sun
- Department of Hip Trauma, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
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48
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Liu N, Dou L, Zhang X. LncRNA PTTG3P Sponge Absorbs microRNA-155-5P to Promote Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:5283-5291. [PMID: 32606747 PMCID: PMC7293386 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s248457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To study the role of LncRNA PTTG3P in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the underlying mechanism. Patients and Methods The expression level of LncRNA PTTG3P was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in CRC cell lines and tumor tissues from 43 CRC patients, and the correlations between LncRNA PTTG3P expression and the clinicopathological indicators and prognosis of CRC patients were analyzed. Then, a PTTG3P knockdown model in CRC cell lines HCT-8 and HCT-116 was constructed. Finally, the relationship between LncRNA PTTG3P and microRNA-155-5p was explored through luciferase reporter experiments and recovery experiments. Results qRT-PCR results showed that LncRNA PTTG3P was markedly up-regulated in CRC tumor tissues than that in adjacent tissues. Meanwhile, patients with high LncRNA PTTG3P expression had higher rates of lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. In addition, cell functional experiments suggested that knocking down PTTG3P markedly reduced the migration abilities of CRC cells. Subsequently, bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter gene experiments suggested that LncRNA PTTG3P could directly bind to microRNA-155-5P. Analysis of CRC tissue samples showed that microRNA-155-5P expression was markedly reduced in CRC and was negatively correlated with LncRNA PTTG3P. Finally, the recovery experiments also suggested that there was a mutual regulation between LncRNA PTTG3P and microRNA-155-5P, and silencing microRNA-155-5P can reverse the inhibitory effect of knocking down PTTG3P on the malignant progression of CRC. Conclusion In summary, LncRNA PTTG3P level was markedly increased in CRC, and was highly correlated to the incidence of lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis in CRC patients. In addition, LncRNA PTTG3P might promote the ability of CRC to invade and migrate by downregulating microRNA-155-5P. Therefore, dissecting the aberrant regulation of LncRNA PTTG3P/microRNA-155-5P may be valuable for early screening, guidance treatment, and recurrence detection of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Dou
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Wang L, Liu Y. Long noncoding RNA RHPN1-AS1 exerts pro-oncogenic actions in osteosarcoma by functioning as a molecular sponge of miR-506 to positively regulate SNAI2 expression. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:1517-1529. [PMID: 32401134 PMCID: PMC7469572 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1762039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The long noncoding RNA, RHPN1 antisense RNA 1 (RHPN1-AS1), performs important regulatory actions in the progression of many human cancers. In this study, we aimed to analyze RHPN1-AS1 expression in osteosarcoma (OS) and to assess the influence of RHPN1-AS1 knockdown on the malignant behavior of OS cells. The molecular mechanisms by which RHPN1-AS1 affects the oncogenicity of OS were explored too. The expression of RHPN1-AS1 in OS was measured by RT-qPCR. The effects of the RHPN1-AS1 silencing in OS cells were studied both in vitro (in a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, apoptosis analysis, and Transwell migration and invasion assays) and in vivo (by means of tumor xenografts in nude mice). Herein, RHPN1-AS1 expression was found to be significantly upregulated in OS tissues and cell lines. The elevated expression of RHPN1-AS1 closely correlated with the tumor size, TNM stage, distal metastasis and shorter overall survival in patients with OS. The depletion of RHPN1-AS1 restrained OS cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and exerted proapoptotic effects in vitro. Furthermore, the knockdown of RHPN1-AS1 effectively reduced the tumor growth of OS cells in vivo. As for the mechanism, RHPN1-AS1 increased snail family zinc finger 2 (SNAI2 also known as SNAIL2) expression by acting as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-506. Notably, increasing the amount of miR-506 partially reversed the effects of the RHPN1-AS1 downregulation on OS cells. In conclusion, RHPN1-AS1 contributes to the malignancy of OS cells in vitro and in vivo, largely via upregulation of the miR-506-SNAI2 axis output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Shijiazhuang Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yanbing Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Shijiazhuang Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
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50
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Cantile M, Di Bonito M, Cerrone M, Collina F, De Laurentiis M, Botti G. Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR in Breast Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051197. [PMID: 32397382 PMCID: PMC7281113 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer type among women, and morbidity and mortality rates are still very high. Despite new innovative therapeutic approaches for all BC molecular subtypes, the discovery of new molecular biomarkers involved in tumor progression has been fundamental for the implementation of personalized treatment strategies and improvement of patient management. Many experimental studies indicate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are strongly involved in BC initiation, metastatic progression, and drug resistance. In particular, aberrant expression of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) lncRNA plays an important role in BC contributing to its progression and represents a predictor of BC metastasis. For its proven prognostic value, HOTAIR could represent a potential therapeutic target in BC. In the present review, we summarize the role of HOTAIR in cancer progression and drug resistance, in particular in BC, and we illustrate the main approaches for silencing it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cantile
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0815903471; Fax: +39-0815903718
| | - Maurizio Di Bonito
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Margherita Cerrone
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesca Collina
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | | | - Gerardo Botti
- Scientific Direction, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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