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Bao X, Yan D, Yang J, Zhang Z, Yuan B. Role of ERβ in the ovary and ovary related diseases. Gene 2024; 927:148678. [PMID: 38906392 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Estrogen and estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) regulate a multitude of complicated physiological and pathological processes. Jan-Ake Gustafsson's group discovered ERβ in 1996, this crucial finding gives us new insights into the understanding of estrogen signaling. ERβ is highly expressed in the ovary and particularly exists in granulosa cells (GCs). ERβ is a key transcription factor in the maintenance of ovarian granulosa cell growth, differentiation, and homeostasis, and the ovulation function of ovarian follicles and oocytes. Additionally, ERβ can modulate the steroidogenic transcriptional program through phosphorylation and regulate both gonadotropin response and FOXL2 expression within the ovary. In this review, we focus on the role of ERβ in regulating ovarian granulosa cell development and homeostasis, particularly its significance in ovarian cancer (OC), premature ovarian failure (POF), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It also highlights the prospects of small molecule compounds targeting ERβ, providing a new strategy for the treatment of ovarian-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Bao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China; Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Experimental Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Monteiro FL, Stepanauskaite L, Archer A, Williams C. Estrogen receptor beta expression and role in cancers. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 242:106526. [PMID: 38657699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Estrogen drives the growth of some cancers, such as breast cancer, via estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Estrogen also activates ERβ, but whether ERβ is expressed and has a role in different cancers is debated. The use of nonspecific antibodies has contributed to the confusion, and this review delves into ERβ's controversial role in cancer and focuses on tumor expression that can be supported by non-antibody-dependent assays. We discuss its expression at the transcript level and focus on its potential role in lymphoma, granulosa cell tumors, testicular, and adrenal cancers, emphasizing recent findings and the complexities that necessitate further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima L Monteiro
- SciLifeLab, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna 171 21, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 141 83, Sweden
| | - Lina Stepanauskaite
- SciLifeLab, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna 171 21, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 141 83, Sweden
| | - Amena Archer
- SciLifeLab, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna 171 21, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 141 83, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Williams
- SciLifeLab, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna 171 21, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 141 83, Sweden.
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3
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Sluka P, Ackermann U, Rigopoulos A, Wardan H, Pezaro C, Burvenich IJ, Scott AM, Davis ID. Characterization of an Estrogen Receptor α-Selective 18 F-Estradiol PET Tracer. World J Nucl Med 2024; 23:153-160. [PMID: 39170834 PMCID: PMC11335392 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Conventional imaging of cancer with modalities such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging provides little information about the underlying biology of the cancer and consequently little guidance for systemic treatment choices. Accurate identification of aggressive cancers or those that are likely to respond to specific treatment regimens would allow more precisely tailored treatments to be used. The expression of the estrogen receptor α subunit is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, with a greater propensity to metastasize. We aimed to characterize the binding properties of an 18 F-estradiol positron emission tomography (PET) tracer in its ability to bind to the α and β forms of estrogen receptors in vitro and confirmed its binding to estrogen receptor α in vivo. Methods The 18 F-estradiol PET tracer was synthesized and its quality confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Binding of the tracer was assessed in vitro by saturation and competitive binding studies to HEK293T cells transfected with estrogen receptor α ( ESR1 ) and/or estrogen receptor β ( ESR2 ). Binding of the tracer to estrogen receptor α in vivo was assessed by imaging of uptake of the tracer into MCF7 xenografts in BALB/c nu/nu mice. Results The 18 F-estradiol PET tracer bound with high affinity (94 nM) to estrogen receptor α, with negligible binding to estrogen receptor β. Uptake of the tracer was observed in MCF7 xenografts, which almost exclusively express estrogen receptor α. Conclusion 18 F-estradiol PET tracer binds in vitro with high specificity to the estrogen receptor α isoform, with minimal binding to estrogen receptor β. This may help distinguish human cancers with biological dependence on estrogen receptor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Sluka
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Uwe Ackermann
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Angela Rigopoulos
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Hady Wardan
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Carmel Pezaro
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
- Department of Oncology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Ingrid J.G. Burvenich
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew M. Scott
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ian D. Davis
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
- Department of Oncology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
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4
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Kim HJ, Kim KM, Yun MK, Kim D, Sohn J, Song JW, Lee S. Anti-Menopausal Effect of Heat-Killed Bifidobacterium breve HDB7040 via Estrogen Receptor-Selective Modulation in MCF-7 Cells and Ovariectomized Rats. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1580-1591. [PMID: 39081245 PMCID: PMC11380510 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2402.02035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Menopause is induced by spontaneous ovarian failure and leads to life quality deterioration with various irritating symptoms. Hormonal treatment can alleviate these symptoms, but long-term treatment is closely associated with breast and uterine cancer, and stroke. Therefore, developing alternative therapies with novel anti-menopausal substances and improved safety is needed. In our study, heat-killed Bifidobacterium breve HDB7040 significantly promoted MCF-7 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner under estrogen-free conditions, similar to 17β-estradiol. This strain also triggered ESR2 expression, but not ESR1, in MCF-7 cells. Moreover, administrating HDB7040 to ovariectomized (OVX) Sprague-Dawley (SD) female rats reduced estrogen deficiency-induced weight gain, fat mass, blood triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels. It also recovered collapsed trabecular microstructure by improving trabecular morphometric parameters (bone mineral density, bone volume per tissue volume, trabecular number, and trabecular separation) and decreasing blood alkaline phosphatase levels with no significant changes in uterine size and blood estradiol. HDB7040 also significantly regulated the expression of Tff1, Pgr, and Esr2, but not Esr1 in uteri of OVX rats. Heat-killed B. breve HDB7040 exerts an anti-menopausal effect via the specific regulation of ERβ in vitro and in vivo, suggesting its potential as a novel substance for improving and treating menopausal syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jeong Kim
- Biohealthcare R&D Center, HYUNDAI BIOLAND Co., Ltd., Ansan 15407, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Kim
- Biohealthcare R&D Center, HYUNDAI BIOLAND Co., Ltd., Ansan 15407, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyu Yun
- Biohealthcare R&D Center, HYUNDAI BIOLAND Co., Ltd., Ansan 15407, Republic of Korea
| | - Duseong Kim
- Biohealthcare R&D Center, HYUNDAI BIOLAND Co., Ltd., Ansan 15407, Republic of Korea
| | - Johann Sohn
- Biohealthcare R&D Center, HYUNDAI BIOLAND Co., Ltd., Ansan 15407, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Song
- Biohealthcare R&D Center, HYUNDAI BIOLAND Co., Ltd., Ansan 15407, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun Lee
- Biohealthcare R&D Center, HYUNDAI BIOLAND Co., Ltd., Ansan 15407, Republic of Korea
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5
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Lipowicz JM, Malińska A, Nowicki M, Rawłuszko-Wieczorek AA. Genes Co-Expressed with ESR2 Influence Clinical Outcomes in Cancer Patients: TCGA Data Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8707. [PMID: 39201394 PMCID: PMC11354723 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
ERβ has been assigned a tumor suppressor role in many cancer types. However, as conflicting findings emerge, ERβ's tissue-specific expression and functional role have remained elusive. There remains a notable gap in compact and comprehensive analyses of ESR2 mRNA expression levels across diverse tumor types coupled with an exploration of its potential gene network. In this study, we aim to address these gaps by presenting a comprehensive analysis of ESR2 transcriptomic data. We distinguished cancer types with significant changes in ESR2 expression levels compared to corresponding healthy tissue and concluded that ESR2 influences patient survival. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) distinguished molecular pathways affected by ESR2, including oxidative phosphorylation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Finally, we investigated genes displaying similar expression patterns as ESR2 in tumor tissues, identifying potential co-expressed genes that may exert a synergistic effect on clinical outcomes, with significant results, including the expression of ACIN1, SYNE2, TNFRSF13C, and MDM4. Collectively, our results highlight the significant influence of ESR2 mRNA expression on the transcriptomic landscape and the overall metabolism of cancerous cells across various tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Maria Lipowicz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 Street, 60-781 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Malińska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 Street, 60-781 Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 Street, 60-781 Poznań, Poland
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6
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Ibrahim MM, Azmi MN, Alhawarri MB, Kamal NNSNM, AbuMahmoud H. Synthesis, characterization and bioactivity of new pyridine-2(H)-one, nicotinonitrile, and furo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10934-5. [PMID: 39009909 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10934-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Pyridone heterocycles, such as furo[2,3-b]pyridines, have emerged as prominent scaffolds in medicinal chemistry due to their versatile pharmacological properties, including significant anticancer activity. In this study, we successfully synthesized new pyridine-2(H)-one, nicotinonitrile, and furo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives from chalcones bearing 4-(benzyloxy)phenyl and dichlorothiophenyl subunits to explore their therapeutic potential against breast cancer. By employing a synthetic strategy involving Claisen-Schmidt condensation followed by sequential cyclizations and functional modifications, we synthesized and characterized four compounds (MI-S0, MI-S1, MI-S2, and MI-S3) using various spectroscopic methods, including FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT, H,H- and C,H-COSY, and HRMS. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of these compounds was evaluated against two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, and compared with a noncancerous breast cell line, MCF-10A. All compounds exhibited potent cytotoxic activities with minimal selectivity toward normal cells. Molecular docking studies targeting the serine/threonine kinase AKT1, estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) revealed strong binding affinities, suggesting a mechanism involving the disruption of key cellular signaling pathways. These findings underscore the potential of furo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives as promising candidates for further development into anticancer agents, laying the groundwork for future investigations into their selective therapeutic efficacy and molecular mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al Al-Bayt University, P.O. BOX 130040, Al-Mafraq, 25113, Jordan.
| | - Mohamad Nurul Azmi
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Maram B Alhawarri
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jadara University, P.O.Box 733, Irbid, 21110, Jordan
| | - Nik Nur Syazni Nik Mohamed Kamal
- Department of Toxicology, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Hasan AbuMahmoud
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al Al-Bayt University, P.O. BOX 130040, Al-Mafraq, 25113, Jordan
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7
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Apetroaei MM, Fragkiadaki P, Velescu BȘ, Baliou S, Renieri E, Dinu-Pirvu CE, Drăgănescu D, Vlăsceanu AM, Nedea MI(I, Udeanu DI, Docea AO, Tsatsakis A, Arsene AL. Pharmacotherapeutic Considerations on Telomere Biology: The Positive Effect of Pharmacologically Active Substances on Telomere Length. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7694. [PMID: 39062937 PMCID: PMC11276808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are part of chromatin structures containing repeated DNA sequences, which function as protective caps at the ends of chromosomes and prevent DNA degradation and recombination, thus ensuring the integrity of the genome. While telomere length (TL) can be genetically inherited, TL shortening has been associated with ageing and multiple xenobiotics and bioactive substances. TL has been characterised as a reliable biomarker for the predisposition to developing chronic pathologies and their progression. This narrative review aims to provide arguments in favour of including TL measurements in a complex prognostic and diagnostic panel of chronic pathologies and the importance of assessing the effect of different pharmacologically active molecules on the biology of telomeres. Medicines used in the management of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, schizophrenia, hormone replacement therapy at menopause, danazol, melatonin, and probiotics have been studied for their positive protective effects against TL shortening. All these classes of drugs are analysed in the present review, with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miruna-Maria Apetroaei
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (P.F.); (S.B.); (E.R.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Bruno Ștefan Velescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Stella Baliou
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (P.F.); (S.B.); (E.R.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Elisavet Renieri
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (P.F.); (S.B.); (E.R.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Cristina Elena Dinu-Pirvu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Doina Drăgănescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Ana Maria Vlăsceanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Marina Ionela (Ilie) Nedea
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Denisa Ioana Udeanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Artistidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (P.F.); (S.B.); (E.R.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Andreea Letiția Arsene
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
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8
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Madeshwaran A, Vijayalakshmi P, Umapathy VR, Shanmugam R, Selvaraj C. Unlocking estrogen receptor: Structural insights into agonists and antagonists for glioblastoma therapy. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2024; 142:1-24. [PMID: 39059983 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), a malignant brain tumor originating in glial cells, is one of the most common primary brain malignancies, affecting one in 100,000 people, typically in the frontal lobe. Estrogens, like estradiol-17 (E2), significantly influence GBM progression, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Estrogen receptors (ERs) are crucial in signal transduction and physiology, making them potential therapeutic targets. However, their roles in GBM pathogenesis remain unclear. This review explores ERs in GBM, focusing on their involvement in tumor immune evasion, modulation of the tumor microenvironment, and the mechanisms underlying GBM progression. Additionally, therapeutic opportunities targeting ERs for GBM treatment are discussed. Estrogen, synthesized primarily in ovaries and in smaller amounts by adrenal glands and fat tissues, regulates reproductive systems, bone density, skin health, and cardiovascular function. The invasive nature and heterogeneity of GBM complicate therapy development. Preclinical findings suggest that endocrine therapy with hormone receptor agonists or antagonists can extend patient survival and improve post-treatment quality of life. The ERβ pathway, in particular, shows tumor-suppressive potential, limiting glioma progression with fewer side effects. ERβ agonists could become a novel drug class for GBM treatment. Identifying biomarkers and specific therapeutic targets is crucial for early detection and improved prognosis. Estrogen and its receptors are advantageous for GBM treatment due to their regulation of numerous biological processes, ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, and genomic and non-genomic control of transcription, making them promising targets for GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asokan Madeshwaran
- Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Periyasamy Vijayalakshmi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vidhya Rekha Umapathy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajeshkumar Shanmugam
- Nano Biomedicine Lab, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chandrabose Selvaraj
- CsrDD LAB, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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9
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Swanson KA, Nguyen KL, Gupta S, Ricard J, Bethea JR. TNFR1/p38αMAPK signaling in Nex + supraspinal neurons regulates estrogen-dependent chronic neuropathic pain. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:261-271. [PMID: 38570102 PMCID: PMC11162907 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Upregulation of soluble tumor necrosis factor (sTNF) cytokine signaling through TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and subsequent neuronal hyperexcitability are observed in both animal models and human chronic neuropathic pain (CNP). Previously, we have shown that estrogen modulates sTNF/TNFR1 signaling in CNP, which may contribute to female prevalence of CNP. The estrogen-dependent role of TNFR1-mediated supraspinal neuronal circuitry in CNP remains unknown. In this study, we interrogated the intersect between supraspinal TNFR1 mediated neuronal signaling and sex specificity by selectively removing TNFR1 in Nex + neurons in adult mice (NexCreERT2::TNFR1f/f). We determined that mechanical hypersensitivity induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) decreases over time in males, but not in females. Subsequently, we investigated two downstream pathways, p38MAPK and NF-κB, important in TNFR1 signaling and injury response. We detected p38MAPK and NF-κB activation in male cortical tissue; however, p38MAPK phosphorylation was reduced in NexCreERT2::TNFR1f/f males. We observed a similar recovery from acute pain in male mice following CCI when p38αMAPK was knocked out of supraspinal Nex + neurons (NexCreERT2::p38αMAPKf/f), while chronic pain developed in female mice. To explore the intersection between estrogen and inflammation in CNP we used a combination therapy of an estrogen receptor β (ER β) inhibitor with a sTNF/TNFR1 or general p38MAPK inhibitor. We determined both combination therapies lends therapeutic relief to females following CCI comparable to the response evaluated in male mice. These data suggest that TNFR1/p38αMAPK signaling in Nex + neurons in CNP is male-specific and lack of therapeutic efficacy following sTNF inhibition in females is due to ER β interference. These studies highlight sex-specific differences in pathways important to pain chronification and elucidate potential therapeutic strategies that would be effective in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Swanson
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Papadakis Integrated Science Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kayla L Nguyen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ross Hall, 2300 I (Eye) St NW, Rm.530A, Washington, D.C 20052, USA.
| | - Shruti Gupta
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ross Hall, 2300 I (Eye) St NW, Rm.530A, Washington, D.C 20052, USA
| | - Jerome Ricard
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Papadakis Integrated Science Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - John R Bethea
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ross Hall, 2300 I (Eye) St NW, Rm.530A, Washington, D.C 20052, USA.
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10
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Nagandla H, Thomas C. Estrogen Signals through ERβ in Breast Cancer; What We Have Learned since the Discovery of the Receptor. RECEPTORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 3:182-200. [PMID: 39175529 PMCID: PMC11340209 DOI: 10.3390/receptors3020010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor (ER) β (ERβ) is the second ER subtype that mediates the effects of estrogen in target tissues along with ERα that represents a validated biomarker and target for endocrine therapy in breast cancer. ERα was the only known ER subtype until 1996 when the discovery of ERβ opened a new chapter in endocrinology and prompted a thorough reevaluation of the estrogen signaling paradigm. Unlike the oncogenic ERα, ERβ has been proposed to function as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer, and extensive research is underway to uncover the full spectrum of ERβ activities and elucidate its mechanism of action. Recent studies have relied on new transgenic models to capture effects in normal and malignant breast that were not previously detected. They have also benefited from the development of highly specific synthetic ligands that are used to demonstrate distinct mechanisms of gene regulation in cancer. As a result, significant new information about the biology and clinical importance of ERβ is now available, which is the focus of discussion in the present article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harika Nagandla
- Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christoforos Thomas
- Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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11
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Zhao W, Huang R, Ran D, Zhang Y, Qu Z, Zheng S. Inhibiting HSD17B8 suppresses the cell proliferation caused by PTEN failure. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12280. [PMID: 38811827 PMCID: PMC11137105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN homolog daf-18 in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) triggers diapause cell division during L1 arrest. While prior studies have delved into established pathways, our investigation takes an innovative route. Through forward genetic screening in C. elegans, we pinpoint a new player, F12E12.11, regulated by daf-18, impacting cell proliferation independently of PTEN's typical phosphatase activity. F12E12.11 is an ortholog of human estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 8 (HSD17B8), which converts estradiol to estrone through its NAD-dependent 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. We found that PTEN engages in a physical interplay with HSD17B8, introducing a distinctive suppression mechanism. The reduction in estrone levels and accumulation of estradiol may arrest tumor cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle through MAPK/ERK. Our study illuminates an unconventional protein interplay, providing insights into how PTEN modulates tumor suppression by restraining cell division through intricate molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan Provincial Engineering Centre for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Ruiting Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Dongyang Ran
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Yutong Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhi Qu
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China.
| | - Shanqing Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China.
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan Provincial Engineering Centre for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China.
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12
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Ferreira Almeida C, Correia-da-Silva G, Teixeira N, Amaral C. Influence of tumor microenvironment on the different breast cancer subtypes and applied therapies. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116178. [PMID: 38561089 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Despite the significant improvements made in breast cancer therapy during the last decades, this disease still has increasing incidence and mortality rates. Different targets involved in general processes, like cell proliferation and survival, have become alternative therapeutic options for this disease, with some of them already used in clinic, like the CDK4/6 inhibitors for luminal A tumors treatment. Nevertheless, there is a demand for novel therapeutic strategies focused not only on tumor cells, but also on their microenvironment. Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a very complex and dynamic system that, more than surrounding and supporting tumor cells, actively participates in tumor development and progression. During the last decades, it has become clear that the cellular and acellular components of TME differ between the various breast cancer subtypes and shape the differences regarding their severity and prognosis. The pivotal role of the TME in controlling tumor growth and influencing responses to therapy represents a potential source for novel targets and therapeutic strategies. In this review, we present a description of the multiple therapeutic options used for different breast cancer subtypes, as well as the influence that the TME may exert on the development of the disease and on the response to the distinct therapies, which in some cases may explain their failure by the occurrence of relapses and resistance. Furthermore, the ongoing studies focused on the use of TME components for developing potential cancer treatments are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ferreira Almeida
- UCIBIO, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Georgina Correia-da-Silva
- UCIBIO, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Natércia Teixeira
- UCIBIO, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Amaral
- UCIBIO, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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13
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Masand VH, Al-Hussain SA, Alzahrani AY, Al-Mutairi AA, Hussien RA, Samad A, Zaki MEA. Estrogen Receptor Alpha Binders for Hormone-Dependent Forms of Breast Cancer: e-QSAR and Molecular Docking Supported by X-ray Resolved Structures. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:16759-16774. [PMID: 38617692 PMCID: PMC11007693 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Cancer, a life-disturbing and lethal disease with a high global impact, causes significant economic, social, and health challenges. Breast cancer refers to the abnormal growth of cells originating from breast tissues. Hormone-dependent forms of breast cancer, such as those influenced by estrogen, prompt the exploration of estrogen receptors as targets for potential therapeutic interventions. In this study, we conducted e-QSAR molecular docking and molecular dynamics analyses on a diverse set of inhibitors targeting estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α). The e-QSAR model is based on a genetic algorithm combined with multilinear regression analysis. The newly developed model possesses a balance between predictive accuracy and mechanistic insights adhering to the OECD guidelines. The e-QSAR model pointed out that sp2-hybridized carbon and nitrogen atoms are important atoms governing binding profiles. In addition, a specific combination of H-bond donors and acceptors with carbon, nitrogen, and ring sulfur atoms also plays a crucial role. The results are supported by molecular docking, MD simulations, and X-ray-resolved structures. The novel results could be useful for future drug development for ER-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay H Masand
- Department of Chemistry, Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati 444 602, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sami A Al-Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Y Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Khalid University, Mohail 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aamal A Al-Mutairi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania A Hussien
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha 65799, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Samad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Magdi E A Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Li H, Seada H, Madnick S, Zhao H, Chen Z, Li F, Zhu F, Hall S, Boekelheide K. Machine learning-assisted high-content imaging analysis of 3D MCF7 microtissues for estrogenic effect prediction. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2999. [PMID: 38316851 PMCID: PMC10844358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53323-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) pose a significant threat to human well-being and the ecosystem. However, in managing the many thousands of uncharacterized chemical entities, the high-throughput screening of EDCs using relevant biological endpoints remains challenging. Three-dimensional (3D) culture technology enables the development of more physiologically relevant systems in more realistic biochemical microenvironments. The high-content and quantitative imaging techniques enable quantifying endpoints associated with cell morphology, cell-cell interaction, and microtissue organization. In the present study, 3D microtissues formed by MCF-7 breast cancer cells were exposed to the model EDCs estradiol (E2) and propyl pyrazole triol (PPT). A 3D imaging and image analysis pipeline was established to extract quantitative image features from estrogen-exposed microtissues. Moreover, a machine-learning classification model was built using estrogenic-associated differential imaging features. Based on 140 common differential image features found between the E2 and PPT group, the classification model predicted E2 and PPT exposure with AUC-ROC at 0.9528 and 0.9513, respectively. Deep learning-assisted analysis software was developed to characterize microtissue gland lumen formation. The fully automated tool can accurately characterize the number of identified lumens and the total luminal volume of each microtissue. Overall, the current study established an integrated approach by combining non-supervised image feature profiling and supervised luminal volume characterization, which reflected the complexity of functional ER signaling and highlighted a promising conceptual framework for estrogenic EDC risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
| | - Haitham Seada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Samantha Madnick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - He Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhaozeng Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fengcheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Susan Hall
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Kim Boekelheide
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
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15
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Song J, Han S, Choi S, Lee J, Jeong Y, Lee HM, Son J, Jeong DY, Yu SS, Lee W. A mixture of Pueraria lobata and Platycodon grandiflorum extracts ameliorates RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and ovariectomy-induced bone loss by regulating Src- PI3K-AKT and JNK/p38 signaling pathways. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24842. [PMID: 38312605 PMCID: PMC10835310 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is caused by increased bone resorption due to the excessive activity of osteoclasts. Pueraria lobata has demonstrated the ability to improve bone density in ovariectomized mice, and Platycodon grandiflorum can suppress osteolysis biomarkers such as collagen content in cartilage and alkaline phosphatase activity. In this study, we examined whether HX112, a mixture of Pueraria lobata and Platycodon grandiflorum extracts, could inhibit the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation to alleviate osteoporosis. To induce the differentiation of osteoclasts, RAW 264.7 cell were cultured with RANKL and HX112. Osteoclasts differentiation was evaluated by TRAP activity and TRAP staining. Bone resorption as osteoclasts major function was assessed by pit formation assay. As a result, HX112 suppressed osteoclast differentiation and bone resorptive function. Additionally, HX112 reduced the expression of osteoclastogenic genes including NFATc1 and c-Fos, and these effects of HX112 were mediated by inhibiting Src-phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)- Protein kinase B (Akt) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/p38 signaling pathways. Furthermore, ICR mice were ovariectomized to induce osteoporosis and bone mineral density of femur was measured using micro-CT. Consequently, oral administration of HX112 to ovariectomized mice significantly improved bone microstructure and bone mineral density. Collectively, these findings indicate that the mixed extract of Pueraria lobata and Platycodon grandiflorum may be useful as therapeutics for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisun Song
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul 07794, South Korea
| | - Suhyun Han
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul 07794, South Korea
| | - Sooyeon Choi
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul 07794, South Korea
| | - Jungkyu Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul 07794, South Korea
| | - Yoonseon Jeong
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul 07794, South Korea
| | - Hyun Myung Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul 07794, South Korea
| | - JongDai Son
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul 07794, South Korea
| | - Dam Yeon Jeong
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul 07794, South Korea
| | - Seung-Shin Yu
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul 07794, South Korea
| | - Wonwoo Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul 07794, South Korea
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16
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Marcho LM, Coss CC, Xu M, Datta J, Manouchehri JM, Cherian MA. Potent Estrogen Receptor β Agonists with Inhibitory Activity In Vitro , Fail to Suppress Xenografts of Endocrine-Resistant Cyclin-dependent Kinase 4/6 inhibitor-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.12.575428. [PMID: 38293218 PMCID: PMC10827072 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.12.575428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Objective Seventy percent of newly diagnosed breast cancers are estrogen receptor-α positive and HER2/neu negative [1]. First-line treatments incorporate endocrine therapy and cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors [2]. However, therapy resistance occurs in most patients [3-5]. Hence, there is an urgent need for effective second-line treatments. We previously showed that the potent estrogen receptor-β agonists, OSU-ERb-12 and LY500307, synergized with the selective estrogen receptor modulator, tamoxifen, in vitro. Furthermore, we showed that these compounds inhibited endocrine-resistant and cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6-inhibitor-resistant estrogen receptor α-positive cell lines in vitro [6]. Here, we used fulvestrant- and abemaciclib-resistant T47D-derived cell line xenografts to determine the efficacy of the combination of OSU-ERb-12 and LY500307 with tamoxifen in vivo. Results Despite efficacy in vitro, treatments failed to reduce xenograft tumor volumes. Hence, we conclude that this treatment strategy lacks direct cancer cell-intrinsic cytotoxic efficacy in vivo.
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17
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Rawłuszko-Wieczorek AA, Lipowicz J, Nowacka M, Ostrowska K, Pietras P, Blatkiewicz M, Ruciński M, Jagodziński PP, Nowicki M. Estrogen receptor β affects hypoxia response in colorectal cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166894. [PMID: 37748565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is inversely correlated with estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) presence. Additionally, multiple studies associate low ERβ expression with poorer overall survival of CRC patients. Molecular pathways involved in ERβ - related reduced tumorigenesis include enhanced apoptosis, decreased proliferation, or repression of oncogenes. Moreover, the development of solid tumors, such as CRC, is often associated with an increased tumor mass that results in decreased oxygen partial tension, known as hypoxia, clinically associated with decreased prognosis and therapeutic resistance. Our high-throughput study suggests that ERβ also represses a hypoxic response in CRC cells. We observed a significantly altered transcriptional profile in HCT116 ERβ overexpressing cells that was further stimulated by E2 treatment under hypoxic conditions. The achieved data for downregulation of VEGFA, PDGFA and ANGPTL4 were validated in a time course experiment in DLD-1 cells. In addition, using an ERβ construct with a mutated DNA binding domain we observed that the downregulation of selected genes is dependent on the direct binding of this receptor to regulatory region genes. In addition, we observed that ERβ may affect the expression of the main hypoxia regulator, HIF1A, at the transcriptional and translational levels. In summary, ERβ alters the hypoxic outcome in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Lipowicz
- Department of Histology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Marta Nowacka
- Department of Histology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Kamila Ostrowska
- Department of Histology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland; Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poland
| | - Paulina Pietras
- Department of Histology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | | | - Marcin Ruciński
- Department of Histology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Paweł Piotr Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
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18
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Sharma S, Sarkar O, Ghosh R. Exploring the Role of Unconventional Post-Translational Modifications in Cancer Diagnostics and Therapy. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2024; 25:780-796. [PMID: 38910429 DOI: 10.2174/0113892037274615240528113148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Unconventional Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs) have gained increasing attention as crucial players in cancer development and progression. Understanding the role of unconventional PTMs in cancer has the potential to revolutionize cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic interventions. These modifications, which include O-GlcNAcylation, glutathionylation, crotonylation, including hundreds of others, have been implicated in the dysregulation of critical cellular processes and signaling pathways in cancer cells. This review paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of unconventional PTMs in cancer as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. The paper includes reviewing the current knowledge on the functional significance of various conventional and unconventional PTMs in cancer biology. Furthermore, the paper highlights the advancements in analytical techniques, such as biochemical analyses, mass spectrometry and bioinformatic tools etc., that have enabled the detection and characterization of unconventional PTMs in cancer. These techniques have contributed to the identification of specific PTMs associated with cancer subtypes. The potential use of Unconventional PTMs as biomarkers will further help in better diagnosis and aid in discovering potent therapeutics. The knowledge about the role of Unconventional PTMs in a vast and rapidly expanding field will help in detection and targeted therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Amity University Kolkata, AIBNK, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Oindrila Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Amity University Kolkata, AIBNK, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajgourab Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, Amity University Kolkata, AIBNK, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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19
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Lemieux GA, Yoo S, Lin L, Vohra M, Ashrafi K. The steroid hormone ADIOL promotes learning by reducing neural kynurenic acid levels. Genes Dev 2023; 37:998-1016. [PMID: 38092521 PMCID: PMC10760639 DOI: 10.1101/gad.350745.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Reductions in brain kynurenic acid levels, a neuroinhibitory metabolite, improve cognitive function in diverse organisms. Thus, modulation of kynurenic acid levels is thought to have therapeutic potential in a range of brain disorders. Here we report that the steroid 5-androstene 3β, 17β-diol (ADIOL) reduces kynurenic acid levels and promotes associative learning in Caenorhabditis elegans We identify the molecular mechanisms through which ADIOL links peripheral metabolic pathways to neural mechanisms of learning capacity. Moreover, we show that in aged animals, which normally experience rapid cognitive decline, ADIOL improves learning capacity. The molecular mechanisms that underlie the biosynthesis of ADIOL as well as those through which it promotes kynurenic acid reduction are conserved in mammals. Thus, rather than a minor intermediate in the production of sex steroids, ADIOL is an endogenous hormone that potently regulates learning capacity by causing reductions in neural kynurenic acid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A Lemieux
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Shinja Yoo
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Mihir Vohra
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Kaveh Ashrafi
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
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20
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Harvey BJ, Harvey HM. Sex Differences in Colon Cancer: Genomic and Nongenomic Signalling of Oestrogen. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2225. [PMID: 38137047 PMCID: PMC10742859 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignancy that exhibits distinct differences in incidence, prognosis, and treatment responses between males and females. These disparities have long been attributed to hormonal differences, particularly the influence of oestrogen signalling. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences in colon cancer and the protective role of membrane and nuclear oestrogen signalling in CRC development, progression, and therapeutic interventions. We discuss the epidemiological and molecular evidence supporting sex differences in colon cancer, followed by an exploration of the impact of oestrogen in CRC through various genomic and nongenomic signalling pathways involving membrane and nuclear oestrogen receptors. Furthermore, we examine the interplay between oestrogen receptors and other signalling pathways, in particular the Wnt/β-catenin proliferative pathway and hypoxia in shaping biological sex differences and oestrogen protective actions in colon cancer. Lastly, we highlight the potential therapeutic implications of targeting oestrogen signalling in the management of colon cancer and propose future research directions to address the current gaps in our understanding of this complex phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Harvey
- Faculty of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Harry M. Harvey
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z5, Canada;
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21
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Gray JS, Wani SA, Hussain S, Huang P, Nayak D, Long MD, Yates C, Clinton SK, Bennet CE, Coss CC, Campbell MJ. The MYC axis in advanced prostate cancer is impacted through concurrent targeting of ERβ and AR using a novel ERβ-selective ligand alongside Enzalutamide. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.15.567282. [PMID: 38014010 PMCID: PMC10680693 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.15.567282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
We have dissected the role of Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) in prostate cancer (PCa) with a novel ERβ ligand, OSU-ERb-12. Drug screens revealed additive interactions between OSU-ERB-12 and either epigenetic inhibitors or the androgen receptor antagonist, Enzalutamide (Enza). Clonogenic and cell biolody studies supported the potent additive effects of OSU-ERB-12 (100nM) and Enza (1μM). The cooperative behavior was in PCa cell lines treated with either OSU-ERB-12 plus Enza or combinations involving 17β-estradiol (E2). OSU-ERb-12 plus Enza uniquely impacted the transcriptiome, accessible chromatin, and the AR, MYC and H3K27ac cistromes. This included skewed transcriptional responses including suppression of the androgen and MYC transcriptomes, and repressed MYC protein. OSU-ERb-12 plus Enza uniquely impacted chromatin accessibility at approximately 3000 nucleosome-free sites, enriched at enhancers, enriched for basic Helix-Loop-Helix motifs. CUT&RUN experiments revealed combination treatment targeting of MYC, AR, and H3K27ac again shaping enhancer accessibility. Specifically, it repressed MYC interactions at enhancer regions enriched for bHLH motifs, and overlapped with publicly-available bHLH cistromes. Finally, cistrome-transcriptome analyses identified ~200 genes that distinguished advanced PCa tumors in the SU2C cohort with high androgen and low neuroendocrine scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimie S. Gray
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- College of Medicine; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Sajad A. Wani
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Shahid Hussain
- Board of Governors Innovation Center; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048
- Cedars-Sinai Cancer; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048
| | - Phoebe Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Debasis Nayak
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Mark D. Long
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Department of Oncology Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Steven K. Clinton
- College of Medicine; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Chad E. Bennet
- Drug Development Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Christopher C. Coss
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Drug Development Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Moray J. Campbell
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Board of Governors Innovation Center; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048
- Cedars-Sinai Cancer; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048
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22
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Parisi F, Fenizia C, Introini A, Zavatta A, Scaccabarozzi C, Biasin M, Savasi V. The pathophysiological role of estrogens in the initial stages of pregnancy: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications for pregnancy outcome from the periconceptional period to end of the first trimester. Hum Reprod Update 2023; 29:699-720. [PMID: 37353909 PMCID: PMC10628507 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmad016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogens regulate disparate female physiological processes, thus ensuring reproduction. Altered estrogen levels and signaling have been associated with increased risks of pregnancy failure and complications, including hypertensive disorders and low birthweight babies. However, the role of estrogens in the periconceptional period and early pregnancy is still understudied. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review aims to summarize the current evidence on the role of maternal estrogens during the periconceptional period and the first trimester of pregnancies conceived naturally and following ART. Detailed molecular mechanisms and related clinical impacts are extensively described. SEARCH METHODS Data for this narrative review were independently identified by seven researchers on Pubmed and Embase databases. The following keywords were selected: 'estrogens' OR 'estrogen level(s)' OR 'serum estradiol' OR 'estradiol/estrogen concentration', AND 'early pregnancy' OR 'first trimester of pregnancy' OR 'preconceptional period' OR 'ART' OR 'In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)' OR 'Embryo Transfer' OR 'Frozen Embryo Transfer' OR 'oocyte donation' OR 'egg donation' OR 'miscarriage' OR 'pregnancy outcome' OR 'endometrium'. OUTCOMES During the periconceptional period (defined here as the critical time window starting 1 month before conception), estrogens play a crucial role in endometrial receptivity, through the activation of paracrine/autocrine signaling. A derailed estrogenic milieu within this period seems to be detrimental both in natural and ART-conceived pregnancies. Low estrogen levels are associated with non-conception cycles in natural pregnancies. On the other hand, excessive supraphysiologic estrogen concentrations at time of the LH peak correlate with lower live birth rates and higher risks of pregnancy complications. In early pregnancy, estrogen plays a massive role in placentation mainly by modulating angiogenic factor expression-and in the development of an immune-tolerant uterine micro-environment by remodeling the function of uterine natural killer and T-helper cells. Lower estrogen levels are thought to trigger abnormal placentation in naturally conceived pregnancies, whereas an estrogen excess seems to worsen pregnancy development and outcomes. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Most current evidence available endorses a relation between periconceptional and first trimester estrogen levels and pregnancy outcomes, further depicting an optimal concentration range to optimize pregnancy success. However, how estrogens co-operate with other factors in order to maintain a fine balance between local tolerance towards the developing fetus and immune responses to pathogens remains elusive. Further studies are highly warranted, also aiming to identify the determinants of estrogen response and biomarkers for personalized estrogen administration regimens in ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Parisi
- Department of Woman, Mother and Neonate, 'V. Buzzi' Children Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, via L. Castelvetro 32, Milan, Italy
| | - C Fenizia
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, via F. Sforza 35, Milan 20122, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L.Sacco" Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, via G.B. Grassi 74, Milan 20157, Italy
| | - A Introini
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Nobels väg 5, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Zavatta
- Department of Woman, Mother and Neonate, 'V. Buzzi' Children Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, via L. Castelvetro 32, Milan, Italy
| | - C Scaccabarozzi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L.Sacco" Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, via G.B. Grassi 74, Milan 20157, Italy
| | - M Biasin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L.Sacco" Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, via G.B. Grassi 74, Milan 20157, Italy
| | - V Savasi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L.Sacco" Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, via G.B. Grassi 74, Milan 20157, Italy
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23
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Li H, Seada H, Madnick S, Zhao H, Chen Z, Li F, Zhu F, Hall S, Boekelheide K. Machine Learning-Assisted High-Content Imaging Analysis of 3D MCF7 Microtissues for Estrogenic Effect Prediction. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3343627. [PMID: 37886543 PMCID: PMC10602099 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3343627/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) pose a significant threat to human well-being and the ecosystem. However, in managing the many thousands of uncharacterized chemical entities, the high-throughput screening of EDCs using relevant biological endpoints remains challenging. Three-dimensional (3D) culture technology enables the development of more physiologically relevant systems in more realistic biochemical microenvironments. The high-content and quantitative imaging techniques enable quantifying endpoints associated with cell morphology, cell-cell interaction, and microtissue organization. In the present study, 3D microtissues formed by MCF-7 breast cancer cells were exposed to the model EDCs estradiol (E2) and propyl pyrazole triol (PPT). A 3D imaging and image analysis pipeline was established to extract quantitative image features from estrogen-exposed microtissues. Moreover, a machine-learning classification model was built using estrogenic-associated differential imaging features. Based on 140 common differential image features found between the E2 and PPT group, the classification model predicted E2 and PPT exposure with AUC-ROC at 0.9528 and 0.9513, respectively. Deep learning-assisted analysis software was developed to characterize microtissue gland lumen formation. The fully automated tool can accurately characterize the number of identified lumens and the total luminal volume of each microtissue. Overall, the current study established an integrated approach by combining non-supervised image feature profiling and supervised luminal volume characterization, which reflected the complexity of functional ER signaling and highlighted a promising conceptual framework for estrogenic EDC risk assessment.
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24
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Kirkby M, Popatia AM, Lavoie JR, Wang L. The Potential of Hormonal Therapies for Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4702. [PMID: 37835396 PMCID: PMC10571841 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered one of the most aggressive forms of breast cancer with poor survival rates compared to other breast cancer subtypes. TNBC is characterized by the absence of the estrogen receptor alpha, progesterone receptor, and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, limiting those viable treatment options available to patients with other breast cancer subtypes. Furthermore, due to the particularly high heterogeneity of TNBC, conventional treatments such as chemotherapy are not universally effective, leading to drug resistance and intolerable side effects. Thus, there is a pressing need to discover new therapies beneficial to TNBC patients. This review highlights current findings regarding the roles of three steroid hormone receptors, estrogen receptor beta, the androgen receptor, and the glucocorticoid receptor, in the progression of TNBC. In addition, we discussed several ongoing and completed clinical trials targeting these hormone receptors in TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Kirkby
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (M.K.); (A.M.P.)
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- The Centre for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation (CI3), University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Centre for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Biologic and Radiopharmaceutical Drugs Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Alyanna M. Popatia
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (M.K.); (A.M.P.)
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- The Centre for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation (CI3), University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jessie R. Lavoie
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (M.K.); (A.M.P.)
- Centre for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Biologic and Radiopharmaceutical Drugs Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Lisheng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (M.K.); (A.M.P.)
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- The Centre for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation (CI3), University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
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25
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Elkhalifa AEO, Al-Shammari E, Kuddus M, Adnan M, Sachidanandan M, Awadelkareem AM, Qattan MY, Khan MI, Abduljabbar SI, Sarwar Baig M, Ashraf SA. Structure-Based Multi-Targeted Molecular Docking and Dynamic Simulation of Soybean-Derived Isoflavone Genistin as a Potential Breast Cancer Signaling Proteins Inhibitor. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1739. [PMID: 37629596 PMCID: PMC10455564 DOI: 10.3390/life13081739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, breast cancer (BC), the second-biggest cause of cancer death, occurs due to unregulated cell proliferation leading to metastasis to other parts of the human organ. Recently, the exploration of naturally derived anticancer agents has become popular due to their fewer adverse effects. Among the natural products, soybean is a very well-known legume that contains important bioactive compounds such as diadazine, glycetin, genistein, and genistin. Therefore, keeping its therapeutic potential in mind, multi-targeted molecular docking and simulation studies were conducted to explore the potential role of soybean-derived isoflavone genistin against several breast cancer-signaling proteins (ER-alpha, ER-Beta, collapsin response mediator protein 2, CA 15-3, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2). A comparative study of the genistin-protein docked complex was explored to investigate its potential role in BC. The molecular binding energy (∆G) of the docked complex was calculated along with ADMET properties. The molecular docking score of genistin with ubiquitin-like protein activation complex-a type of Cancer Antigen (CA) 15.3 (PDB ID-2NVU, 5T6P, and 1YX8) showed the highest binding energy, ranging from -9.5 to -7.0 Kcal/mol, respectively. Furthermore, the highest docking scores of the complex were additionally put through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation analysis. MD simulations of the selected complex were performed at 100 ns to study the stability of the genistin-ubiquitin-like protein CA 15.3 complex, which appeared to be quite stable. Additionally, the ADMET study demonstrated that genistin complies with all drug-likeness standards, including Lipinski, Egan, Veber, Ghose, and Muegge. Therefore, based on the results, genistin can be considered as one of the potential drugs for the management and treatment of BC. In addition, the obtained results suggest that genistin could pave the way for new drug discovery to manage breast cancer and has potential in the development of nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd Elmoneim O. Elkhalifa
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.O.E.); (E.A.-S.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Eyad Al-Shammari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.O.E.); (E.A.-S.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Mohammed Kuddus
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Manojkumar Sachidanandan
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostics, College of Dentistry, University of Ha’il, Ha’il P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amir Mahgoub Awadelkareem
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.O.E.); (E.A.-S.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Malak Yahia Qattan
- Health Sciences Departments, College of Applied Studies and Community Service, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Idreesh Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sanaa Ismael Abduljabbar
- Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Mirza Sarwar Baig
- Center for Virology, School of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Syed Amir Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.O.E.); (E.A.-S.); (A.M.A.)
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26
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Hecker M, Fitzner B, Boxberger N, Putscher E, Engelmann R, Bergmann W, Müller M, Ludwig-Portugall I, Schwartz M, Meister S, Dudesek A, Winkelmann A, Koczan D, Zettl UK. Transcriptome alterations in peripheral blood B cells of patients with multiple sclerosis receiving immune reconstitution therapy. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:181. [PMID: 37533036 PMCID: PMC10394872 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02859-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease that leads to irreversible damage to the brain and spinal cord. The goal of so-called "immune reconstitution therapies" (IRTs) is to achieve long-term disease remission by eliminating a pathogenic immune repertoire through intense short-term immune cell depletion. B cells are major targets for effective immunotherapy in MS. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyze the gene expression pattern of B cells before and during IRT (i.e., before B-cell depletion and after B-cell repopulation) to better understand the therapeutic effects and to identify biomarker candidates of the clinical response to therapy. METHODS B cells were obtained from blood samples of patients with relapsing-remitting MS (n = 50), patients with primary progressive MS (n = 13) as well as healthy controls (n = 28). The patients with relapsing MS received either monthly infusions of natalizumab (n = 29) or a pulsed IRT with alemtuzumab (n = 15) or cladribine (n = 6). B-cell subpopulation frequencies were determined by flow cytometry, and transcriptome profiling was performed using Clariom D arrays. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the patient groups and controls were examined with regard to their functions and interactions. We also tested for differences in gene expression between patients with and without relapse following alemtuzumab administration. RESULTS Patients treated with alemtuzumab or cladribine showed on average a > 20% lower proportion of memory B cells as compared to before IRT. This was paralleled by profound transcriptome shifts, with > 6000 significant DEGs after adjustment for multiple comparisons. The top DEGs were found to regulate apoptosis, cell adhesion and RNA processing, and the most highly connected nodes in the network of encoded proteins were ESR2, PHB and RC3H1. Higher mRNA levels of BCL2, IL13RA1 and SLC38A11 were seen in patients with relapse despite IRT, though these differences did not pass the false discovery rate correction. CONCLUSIONS We show that B cells circulating in the blood of patients with MS undergoing IRT present a distinct gene expression signature, and we delineated the associated biological processes and gene interactions. Moreover, we identified genes whose expression may be an indicator of relapse risk, but further studies are needed to verify their potential value as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hecker
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Brit Fitzner
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nina Boxberger
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Elena Putscher
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Robby Engelmann
- Clinic III (Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine), Special Hematology Laboratory, Rostock University Medical Center, Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 6, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Wendy Bergmann
- Core Facility for Cell Sorting and Cell Analysis, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 70, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Müller
- Core Facility for Cell Sorting and Cell Analysis, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 70, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Margit Schwartz
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefanie Meister
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ales Dudesek
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Winkelmann
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Dirk Koczan
- Institute of Immunology, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 70, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Uwe Klaus Zettl
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
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27
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Nagandla H, Thomas C. ERβ as a mediator of estrogen signaling in inflammatory breast cancer. Oncotarget 2023; 14:576-578. [PMID: 37306500 PMCID: PMC10259261 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoforos Thomas
- Correspondence to:Christoforos Thomas, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA email
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28
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Artificial intelligence-based HDX (AI-HDX) prediction reveals fundamental characteristics to protein dynamics: Mechanisms on SARS-CoV-2 immune escape. iScience 2023; 26:106282. [PMID: 36910327 PMCID: PMC9968663 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional structure and dynamics are essential for protein function. Advancements in hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) techniques enable probing protein dynamic information in physiologically relevant conditions. HDX-coupled mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) has been broadly applied in pharmaceutical industries. However, it is challenging to obtain dynamics information at the single amino acid resolution and time consuming to perform the experiments and process the data. Here, we demonstrate the first deep learning model, artificial intelligence-based HDX (AI-HDX), that predicts intrinsic protein dynamics based on the protein sequence. It uncovers the protein structural dynamics by combining deep learning, experimental HDX, sequence alignment, and protein structure prediction. AI-HDX can be broadly applied to drug discovery, protein engineering, and biomedical studies. As a demonstration, we elucidated receptor-binding domain structural dynamics as a potential mechanism of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody efficacy and immune escape. AI-HDX fundamentally differs from the current AI tools for protein analysis and may transform protein design for various applications.
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29
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Clusan L, Ferrière F, Flouriot G, Pakdel F. A Basic Review on Estrogen Receptor Signaling Pathways in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076834. [PMID: 37047814 PMCID: PMC10095386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the deadliest among women worldwide. Estrogen signaling is closely associated with hormone-dependent breast cancer (estrogen and progesterone receptor positive), which accounts for two-thirds of tumors. Hormone therapy using antiestrogens is the gold standard, but resistance to these treatments invariably occurs through various biological mechanisms, such as changes in estrogen receptor activity, mutations in the ESR1 gene, aberrant activation of the PI3K pathway or cell cycle dysregulations. All these factors have led to the development of new therapies, such as selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs), or combination therapies with cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) 4/6 or PI3K inhibitors. Therefore, understanding the estrogen pathway is essential for the treatment and new drug development of hormone-dependent cancers. This mini-review summarizes current literature on the signalization, mechanisms of action and clinical implications of estrogen receptors in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Clusan
- Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)—UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - François Ferrière
- Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)—UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Gilles Flouriot
- Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)—UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Farzad Pakdel
- Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)—UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
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30
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Melnik BC, Stadler R, Weiskirchen R, Leitzmann C, Schmitz G. Potential Pathogenic Impact of Cow’s Milk Consumption and Bovine Milk-Derived Exosomal MicroRNAs in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076102. [PMID: 37047075 PMCID: PMC10094152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence supports an association between cow’s milk consumption and the risk of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma worldwide. This narrative review intends to elucidate the potential impact of milk-related agents, predominantly milk-derived exosomes (MDEs) and their microRNAs (miRs) in lymphomagenesis. Upregulation of PI3K-AKT-mTORC1 signaling is a common feature of DLBCL. Increased expression of B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) and suppression of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (BLIMP1)/PR domain-containing protein 1 (PRDM1) are crucial pathological deviations in DLBCL. Translational evidence indicates that during the breastfeeding period, human MDE miRs support B cell proliferation via epigenetic upregulation of BCL6 (via miR-148a-3p-mediated suppression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and miR-155-5p/miR-29b-5p-mediated suppression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AICDA) and suppression of BLIMP1 (via MDE let-7-5p/miR-125b-5p-targeting of PRDM1). After weaning with the physiological termination of MDE miR signaling, the infant’s BCL6 expression and B cell proliferation declines, whereas BLIMP1-mediated B cell maturation for adequate own antibody production rises. Because human and bovine MDE miRs share identical nucleotide sequences, the consumption of pasteurized cow’s milk in adults with the continued transfer of bioactive bovine MDE miRs may de-differentiate B cells back to the neonatal “proliferation-dominated” B cell phenotype maintaining an increased BLC6/BLIMP1 ratio. Persistent milk-induced epigenetic dysregulation of BCL6 and BLIMP1 expression may thus represent a novel driving mechanism in B cell lymphomagenesis. Bovine MDEs and their miR cargo have to be considered potential pathogens that should be removed from the human food chain.
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31
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Bano A, Stevens JH, Modi PS, Gustafsson JÅ, Strom AM. Estrogen Receptor β4 Regulates Chemotherapy Resistance and Induces Cancer Stem Cells in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065867. [PMID: 36982940 PMCID: PMC10058198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) has the worst prognosis among all breast cancers, and survival in patients with recurrence is rarely beyond 12 months due to acquired resistance to chemotherapy, which is the standard of care for these patients. Our hypothesis is that Estrogen Receptor β1 (ERβ1) increases response to chemotherapy but is opposed by ERβ4, which it preferentially dimerizes with. The role of ERβ1 and ERβ4 in influencing chemotherapy sensitivity has never been studied before. CRISPR/CAS9 was used to truncate ERβ1 Ligand Binding Domain (LBD) and knock down the exon unique to ERβ4. We show that the truncated ERβ1 LBD in a variety of mutant p53 TNBC cell lines, where ERβ1 ligand dependent function was inactivated, had increased resistance to Paclitaxel, whereas the ERβ4 knockdown cell line was sensitized to Paclitaxel. We further show that ERβ1 LBD truncation, as well as treatment with ERβ1 antagonist 2-phenyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5,7-bis(trifluoromethyl)-pyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidine (PHTPP), leads to increase in the drug efflux transporters. Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs) activate factors involved in pluripotency and regulate the stem cell phenotype, both in normal and cancer cells. Here we show that the ERβ1 and ERβ4 regulate these stem cell markers like SOX2, OCT4, and Nanog in an opposing manner; and we further show that this regulation is mediated by HIFs. We show the increase of cancer cell stemness due to ERβ1 LBD truncation is attenuated when HIF1/2α is knocked down by siRNA. Finally, we show an increase in the breast cancer stem cell population due to ERβ1 antagonist using both ALDEFLUORTM and SOX2/OCT4 response element (SORE6) reporters in SUM159 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Since most TNBC cancers are ERβ4 positive, while only a small proportion of TNBC patients are ERβ1 positive, we believe that simultaneous activation of ERβ1 with agonists and inactivation of ERβ4, in combination with paclitaxel, can be more efficacious and yield better outcome for chemotherapy resistant TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Bano
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Science & Engineering Research Center, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Jessica H Stevens
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Science & Engineering Research Center, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | | | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Science & Engineering Research Center, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
- Department of BioSciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anders M Strom
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Science & Engineering Research Center, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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Olayoku FR, Verhoog NJD, Louw A. Cyclopia extracts act as selective estrogen receptor subtype downregulators in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cell lines: Comparison to standard of care breast cancer endocrine therapies and a selective estrogen receptor agonist and antagonist. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1122031. [PMID: 36992834 PMCID: PMC10040842 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1122031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most diagnosed type of cancer amongst women in economically developing countries and globally. Most breast cancers express estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and are categorized as positive (ER+) breast cancer. Endocrine therapies such as, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), aromatase inhibitors (AIs), and selective estrogen receptor downregulators (SERDs) are used to treat ER+ breast cancer. However, despite their effectiveness, severe side-effects and resistance are associated with these endocrine therapies. Thus, it would be highly beneficial to develop breast cancer drugs that are as effective as current therapies, but less toxic with fewer side effects, and less likely to induce resistance. Extracts of Cyclopia species, an indigenous South African fynbos plant, have been shown to possess phenolic compounds that exhibit phytoestrogenic and chemopreventive activities against breast cancer development and progression. In the current study, three well characterized Cyclopia extracts, SM6Met, cup of tea (CoT) and P104, were examined for their abilities to modulate the levels of the estrogen receptor subtypes, estrogen receptor alpha and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), which have been recognized as crucial to breast cancer prognosis and treatment. We showed that the Cyclopia subternata Vogel (C. subternata Vogel) extracts, SM6Met and cup of tea, but not the C. genistoides extract, P104, reduced estrogen receptor alpha protein levels while elevating estrogen receptor beta protein levels, thereby reducing the ERα:ERβ ratio in a similar manner as standard of care breast cancer endocrine therapies such as fulvestrant (selective estrogen receptor downregulator) and 4-hydroxytamoxifen (elective estrogen receptor modulator). Estrogen receptor alpha expression enhances the proliferation of breast cancer cells while estrogen receptor beta inhibits the proliferative activities of estrogen receptor alpha. We also showed that in terms of the molecular mechanisms involved all the Cyclopia extracts regulated estrogen receptor alpha and estrogen receptor beta protein levels through both transcriptional and translational, and proteasomal degradation mechanisms. Therefore, from our findings, we proffer that the C. subternata Vogel extracts, SM6Met and cup of tea, but not the C. genistoides extract, P104, selectively modulate estrogen receptor subtypes levels in a manner that generally supports inhibition of breast cancer proliferation, thereby demonstrating attributes that could be explored as potential therapeutic agents for breast cancer.
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Lisiak N, Dzikowska P, Wisniewska U, Kaczmarek M, Bednarczyk-Cwynar B, Zaprutko L, Rubis B. Biological Activity of Oleanolic Acid Derivatives HIMOXOL and Br-HIMOLID in Breast Cancer Cells Is Mediated by ER and EGFR. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5099. [PMID: 36982173 PMCID: PMC10048893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most frequently observed malignancies worldwide and represents a heterogeneous group of cancers. For this reason, it is crucial to properly diagnose every single case so a specific and efficient therapy can be adjusted. One of the most critical diagnostic parameters evaluated in cancer tissue is the status of the estrogen receptor (ER) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Interestingly, the expression of the indicated receptors may be used in a personalized therapy approach. Importantly, the promising role of phytochemicals in the modulation of pathways controlled by ER and EGFR was also demonstrated in several types of cancer. One such biologically active compound is oleanolic acid, but due to poor water solubility and cell membrane permeability that limits its use, alternative derivative compounds were developed. These are HIMOXOL and Br-HIMOLID, which were demonstrated to be capable of inducing apoptosis and autophagy or diminishing the migratory and invasive potential of breast cancer cells in vitro. In our study, we revealed that proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, and also the migratory potential of HIMOXOL and Br-HIMOLID in breast cancer cells are mediated by ER (MCF7) and EGFR (MDA-MB-231) receptors. These observations make the studied compounds interesting in the context of anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Lisiak
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Patrycja Dzikowska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Urszula Wisniewska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Garbary 15 St., 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Barbara Bednarczyk-Cwynar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6 St., 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Lucjusz Zaprutko
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6 St., 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Blazej Rubis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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Serebrenik AA, Verduyn CW, Kaytor MD. Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Biomarkers of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion of Genistein, a Radioprotectant, in Healthy Volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2023; 12:190-201. [PMID: 36301689 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A pharmaceutical formulation of genistein, produced as an amorphous solid dispersion by hot melt extrusion (genistein HME), has been developed that can be administered prophylactically to improve outcomes and survival following radiation exposure. Here, genistein HME was evaluated in a phase 1, open-label, single ascending dose (SAD) and multiple single dose (MSD) study enrolling 34 healthy volunteers. In the SAD study, participants were administered a single dose (500, 1000, 2000, or 3000 mg) and in the MSD study, participants were administered a single daily dose for six consecutive days (3000 mg/day). The overall adverse event profile and pharmacokinetics of genistein HME were determined. Additionally, biomarkers of genistein HME were evaluated by profiling whole blood for changes in gene expression by RNA sequencing. Genistein HME was found to be safe at doses up to 3000 mg. Most toxicities were mild to moderate gastrointestinal events, and no dose-limiting toxicities were reported. The maximum tolerated dose was not determined and the no observable adverse effect level was 500 mg. Genistein HME bioavailability greatly increased between the 2000 mg and 3000 mg doses. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the majority of drug-related changes in gene expression occurred 8-12 hours after the sixth dose in the MSD study. Based on these results, the putative effective dose in humans is 3000 mg.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carin W Verduyn
- Medical Monitoring Consultancy, LLC, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
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35
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Immunohistochemical Detection of Estrogen Receptor-Beta (ERβ) with PPZ0506 Antibody in Murine Tissue: From Pitfalls to Optimization. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123100. [PMID: 36551855 PMCID: PMC9775465 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) is physiologically essential for reproductive biology and is implicated in various diseases. However, despite more than 20 years of intensive research on ERβ, there are still uncertainties about its distribution in tissues and cellular expression. Several studies show contrasts between mRNA and protein levels, and the use of knockout strategies revealed that many commercially available antibodies gave false-positive expression results. Recently, a specific monoclonal antibody against human ERβ (PPZ0506) showed cross-reactivity with rodents and was optimized for the detection of rat ERβ. Herein, we established an immunohistochemical detection protocol for ERβ protein in mouse tissue. Staining was optimized on murine ovaries, as granulosa cells are known to strongly express ERβ. The staining results were confirmed by western blot analysis and RT-PCR. To obtain accurate and reliable staining results, different staining conditions were tested in paraffin-embedded tissues. Different pitfalls were encountered in immunohistochemical detection. Strong heat-induced epitope retrieval (HIER) and appropriate antibody dilution were required to visualize specific nuclear expression of ERβ. Finally, the specificity of the antibody was confirmed by using ovaries from Esr2-depleted mice. However, in some animals, strong (non-specific) background staining appeared. These signals could not be significantly alleviated with commercially available additional blocking solutions and are most likely due to estrus-dependent expression of endogenous immunoglobulins. In summary, our study showed that the antibody PPZ0506, originally directed against human ERβ, is also suitable for reliable detection of murine ERβ. An established staining protocol mitigated ambiguities regarding the expression and distribution of ERβ in different tissues and will contribute to an improved understanding of its role and functions in murine tissues in the future.
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36
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Subbamanda YD, Bhargava A. Intercommunication between Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels and Estrogen Receptor/Estrogen Signaling: Insights into Physiological and Pathological Conditions. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233850. [PMID: 36497108 PMCID: PMC9739980 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) and estrogen receptors are important cellular proteins that have been shown to interact with each other across varied cells and tissues. Estrogen hormone, the ligand for estrogen receptors, can also exert its effects independent of estrogen receptors that collectively constitute non-genomic mechanisms. Here, we provide insights into the VGCC regulation by estrogen and the possible mechanisms involved therein across several cell types. Notably, most of the interaction is described in neuronal and cardiovascular tissues given the importance of VGCCs in these electrically excitable tissues. We describe the modulation of various VGCCs by estrogen known so far in physiological conditions and pathological conditions. We observed that in most in vitro studies higher concentrations of estrogen were used while a handful of in vivo studies used meager concentrations resulting in inhibition or upregulation of VGCCs, respectively. There is a need for more relevant physiological assays to study the regulation of VGCCs by estrogen. Additionally, other interacting receptors and partners need to be identified that may be involved in exerting estrogen receptor-independent effects of estrogen.
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Mejía-Hernández JO, Keam SP, Saleh R, Muntz F, Fox SB, Byrne D, Kogan A, Pang L, Huynh J, Litchfield C, Caramia F, Lozano G, He H, You JM, Sandhu S, Williams SG, Haupt Y, Haupt S. Modelling aggressive prostate cancers of young men in immune-competent mice, driven by isogenic Trp53 alterations and Pten loss. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:777. [PMID: 36075907 PMCID: PMC9465983 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05211-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Understanding prostate cancer onset and progression in order to rationally treat this disease has been critically limited by a dire lack of relevant pre-clinical animal models. We have generated a set of genetically engineered mice that mimic human prostate cancer, initiated from the gland epithelia. We chose driver gene mutations that are specifically relevant to cancers of young men, where aggressive disease poses accentuated survival risks. An outstanding advantage of our models are their intact repertoires of immune cells. These mice provide invaluable insight into the importance of immune responses in prostate cancer and offer scope for studying treatments, including immunotherapies. Our prostate cancer models strongly support the role of tumour suppressor p53 in functioning to critically restrain the emergence of cancer pathways that drive cell cycle progression; alter metabolism and vasculature to fuel tumour growth; and mediate epithelial to mesenchymal-transition, as vital to invasion. Importantly, we also discovered that the type of p53 alteration dictates the specific immune cell profiles most significantly disrupted, in a temporal manner, with ramifications for disease progression. These new orthotopic mouse models demonstrate that each of the isogenic hotspot p53 amino acid mutations studied (R172H and R245W, the mouse equivalents of human R175H and R248W respectively), drive unique cellular changes affecting pathways of proliferation and immunity. Our findings support the hypothesis that individual p53 mutations confer their own particular oncogenic gain of function in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Octavio Mejía-Hernández
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,Present Address: Telix Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Melbourne, VIC 3051 Australia
| | - Simon P. Keam
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1135.60000 0001 1512 2287Present Address: CSL Innovation, CSL Ltd, Melbourne, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Reem Saleh
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Fenella Muntz
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Stephen B. Fox
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Pathology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - David Byrne
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Pathology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Arielle Kogan
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Lokman Pang
- grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3084 Australia
| | - Jennifer Huynh
- grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3084 Australia
| | - Cassandra Litchfield
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Franco Caramia
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Guillermina Lozano
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA ,grid.267308.80000 0000 9206 2401University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX USA
| | - Hua He
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776Department of Hematopathology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - James M. You
- grid.267308.80000 0000 9206 2401University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX USA ,grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776Department of Hematopathology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Shahneen Sandhu
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Scott G. Williams
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Division of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Ygal Haupt
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,Present Address: Vittail Ltd, Melbourne, VIC 3146 Australia
| | - Sue Haupt
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Tumour Suppression and Cancer Sex Disparity Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
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Abstract
Signaling via extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK), a downstream effector, mediates numerous processes. For example, ERK1/2-RSK signaling is essential for estrogen homeostasis in the mammary gland and uterus to maintain physiological responsiveness. This review will focus on the coordination of ERK1/2-RSK2 and estrogen signaling through estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). The interrelationship and the feedback mechanisms between these pathways occurs at the level of transcription, translation, and posttranslational modification. Identifying how ERK1/2-RSK2 and estrogen signaling cooperate in homeostasis and disease may lead to novel therapeutic approaches in estrogen-dependent disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Lannigan
- Correspondence: Deborah A. Lannigan, PhD, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Yang G, Lu T, Weisenberger DJ, Liang G. The Multi-Omic Landscape of Primary Breast Tumors and Their Metastases: Expanding the Efficacy of Actionable Therapeutic Targets. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1555. [PMID: 36140723 PMCID: PMC9498783 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) mortality is almost exclusively due to metastasis, which is the least understood aspect of cancer biology and represents a significant clinical challenge. Although we have witnessed tremendous advancements in the treatment for metastatic breast cancer (mBC), treatment resistance inevitably occurs in most patients. Recently, efforts in characterizing mBC revealed distinctive genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic (multi-omic) landscapes to that of the primary tumor. Understanding of the molecular underpinnings of mBC is key to understanding resistance to therapy and the development of novel treatment options. This review summarizes the differential molecular landscapes of BC and mBC, provides insights into the genomic heterogeneity of mBC and highlights the therapeutically relevant, multi-omic features that may serve as novel therapeutic targets for mBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211121, China
- China Grand Enterprises, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211121, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211121, China
| | - Daniel J. Weisenberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Gangning Liang
- Department of Urology, University of Southern California, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Varga A, Márton É, Markovics A, Penyige A, Balogh I, Nagy B, Szilágyi M. Suppressing the PI3K/AKT Pathway by miR-30d-5p Mimic Sensitizes Ovarian Cancer Cells to Cell Death Induced by High-Dose Estrogen. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092060. [PMID: 36140161 PMCID: PMC9495868 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNA molecules that are involved in tumor development and are considered to be promising candidates in cancer therapy. Here, we studied the role of miR-30s in the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer. According to our results miR-30a-5p, miR-30d-5p, and miR-30e-5p were overexpressed in the estrogen receptor α (ERα)-expressing PEO1 cell line compared to A2780 that lacks this receptor. Furthermore, the expression of miR-30a-5p, miR-30d-5p, and miR-30e-5p were induced in response to high-dose estrogen treatment in PEO1 where intensive cell death was observed according to the induction of apoptosis and autophagy. Lacking or blocking ERα function reduced tolerance to high-dose estrogen that suggests the importance of ERα-mediated estrogen response in the maintenance of proliferation. MiR-30d-5p mimic reduced cell proliferation in both A2780 and PEO1. Furthermore, it decreased the tolerance of PEO1 cells to high-dose estrogen by blocking the ERα-mediated estrogen response. This was accompanied by decreased SOX4 expression that is thought to be involved in the regulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Blocking this pathway by AZD8835 led to the same results. MiR-30d-5p or AZD8835 sensitized PEO1 cells to tamoxifen. We suggest that miR-30d-5p might be a promising candidate in the therapy of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Varga
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Márton
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Arnold Markovics
- Institute of Food Technology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - András Penyige
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Balogh
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Bálint Nagy
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Melinda Szilágyi
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-52-416-531
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Vathiotis IA, Trontzas I, Gavrielatou N, Gomatou G, Syrigos NK, Kotteas EA. Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: Resistance Mechanisms and Future Perspectives. Clin Breast Cancer 2022; 22:642-649. [PMID: 35906130 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 immunotherapy has been incorporated in the treatment algorithm of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, clinical trial results for patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive disease appear less compelling. HR-positive tumors exhibit lower levels of programmed death-ligand 1 expression in comparison with their triple-negative counterparts. Moreover, signaling through estrogen receptor alters the immune microenvironment, rendering such tumors immunologically "cold." To explain differential responses to immune checkpoint blockade, this review interrogates differences between HR-positive and TNBC. Starting from distinct genomic features, we further present disparities concerning the tumor microenvironment and finally, we summarize early-phase clinical trial results on promising novel immunotherapy combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis A Vathiotis
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Attica, Greece; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
| | - Ioannis Trontzas
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - Niki Gavrielatou
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Georgia Gomatou
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - Nikolaos K Syrigos
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - Elias A Kotteas
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Attica, Greece
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He Y, Alejo S, Venkata PP, Johnson JD, Loeffel I, Pratap UP, Zou Y, Lai Z, Tekmal RR, Kost ER, Sareddy GR. Therapeutic Targeting of Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells Using Estrogen Receptor Beta Agonist. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7159. [PMID: 35806169 PMCID: PMC9266546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OCa) is the deadliest gynecologic cancer. Emerging studies suggest ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs) contribute to chemotherapy resistance and tumor relapse. Recent studies demonstrated estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) exerts tumor suppressor functions in OCa. However, the status of ERβ expression in OCSCs and the therapeutic utility of the ERβ agonist LY500307 for targeting OCSCs remain unknown. OCSCs were enriched from ES2, OV90, SKOV3, OVSAHO, and A2780 cells using ALDEFLUOR kit. RT-qPCR results showed ERβ, particularly ERβ isoform 1, is highly expressed in OCSCs and that ERβ agonist LY500307 significantly reduced the viability of OCSCs. Treatment of OCSCs with LY500307 significantly reduced sphere formation, self-renewal, and invasion, while also promoting apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest. Mechanistic studies using RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that LY500307 treatment resulted in modulation of pathways related to cell cycle and apoptosis. Western blot and RT-qPCR assays demonstrated the upregulation of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest genes such as FDXR, p21/CDKN1A, cleaved PARP, and caspase 3, and the downregulation of stemness markers SOX2, Oct4, and Nanog. Importantly, treatment of LY500307 significantly attenuated the tumor-initiating capacity of OCSCs in orthotopic OCa murine xenograft models. Our results demonstrate that ERβ agonist LY500307 is highly efficacious in reducing the stemness and promoting apoptosis of OCSCs and shows significant promise as a novel therapeutic agent in treating OCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (Y.H.); (S.A.); (P.P.V.); (J.D.J.); (I.L.); (U.P.P.); (R.R.T.); (E.R.K.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Salvador Alejo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (Y.H.); (S.A.); (P.P.V.); (J.D.J.); (I.L.); (U.P.P.); (R.R.T.); (E.R.K.)
| | - Prabhakar Pitta Venkata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (Y.H.); (S.A.); (P.P.V.); (J.D.J.); (I.L.); (U.P.P.); (R.R.T.); (E.R.K.)
| | - Jessica D. Johnson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (Y.H.); (S.A.); (P.P.V.); (J.D.J.); (I.L.); (U.P.P.); (R.R.T.); (E.R.K.)
| | - Ilanna Loeffel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (Y.H.); (S.A.); (P.P.V.); (J.D.J.); (I.L.); (U.P.P.); (R.R.T.); (E.R.K.)
| | - Uday P. Pratap
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (Y.H.); (S.A.); (P.P.V.); (J.D.J.); (I.L.); (U.P.P.); (R.R.T.); (E.R.K.)
| | - Yi Zou
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (Y.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhao Lai
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (Y.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Rajeshwar R. Tekmal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (Y.H.); (S.A.); (P.P.V.); (J.D.J.); (I.L.); (U.P.P.); (R.R.T.); (E.R.K.)
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Edward R. Kost
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (Y.H.); (S.A.); (P.P.V.); (J.D.J.); (I.L.); (U.P.P.); (R.R.T.); (E.R.K.)
| | - Gangadhara R. Sareddy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (Y.H.); (S.A.); (P.P.V.); (J.D.J.); (I.L.); (U.P.P.); (R.R.T.); (E.R.K.)
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Wang H, Pan X, Zhang Y, Wang X, Xiao X, Ji C. MolHyb: A Web Server for Structure-Based Drug Design by Molecular Hybridization. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:2916-2922. [PMID: 35695435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Molecular hybridization is a widely used ligand design method in drug discovery. In this study, we present MolHyb, a web server for structure-based ligand design by molecular hybridization. The input of MolHyb is a protein file and a seed compound file. MolHyb tries to generate novel ligands through hybridizing the seed compound with helper compounds that bind to the same protein target or similar proteins. To facilitate the job of getting helper compounds, we compiled a modeled protein-ligand structure database as an extension to crystal structures in the PDB database by placing the bioactive compounds in ChEMBL into their corresponding 3D protein binding pocket properly. MolHyb works by searching for helper compounds from the protein-ligand structure database and migrating chemical moieties from helper compounds to the seed compound efficiently. Hybridization is performed at both cyclic and acyclic bonds. The users can also input their own helper compounds to MolHyb. We hope that MolHyb will be a useful tool for rational drug design. MolHyb is freely available at http://molhyb.xundrug.cn/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.,NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiaolin Pan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.,NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yueqing Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.,NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xudong Xiao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.,NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Changge Ji
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.,NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
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Gong Z, Yang S, Wei M, Vlantis AC, Chan JYK, van Hasselt CA, Li D, Zeng X, Xue L, Tong MCF, Chen GG. The Isoforms of Estrogen Receptor Alpha and Beta in Thyroid Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:916804. [PMID: 35814443 PMCID: PMC9263191 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.916804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of thyroid cancer was predominant in women, indicating that the sex hormone may have a role in thyroid cancer development. Generally, the sex hormone exerts its function by binding to the correspondent nuclear receptors. Therefore, aberrant of these receptors may be involved in the development of thyroid cancer. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ), two main estrogen receptors, have been reported to have an important role in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer. When the ERα and ERβ genes undergo the alternative RNA splicing, some ERα and ERβ isoforms with incomplete functional domains may be formed. To date, several isoforms of ERα and ERβ have been identified. However, their expression and roles in thyroid cancer are far from clear. In this review, we summarized the expressions and roles of ERα and ERβ isoforms in thyroid cancer, aiming to provide the perspective of modulating the alternative RNA splicing of ERα and ERβ against thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqin Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shucai Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Pingshan District People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Minghui Wei
- Department of Head & Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Alexander C. Vlantis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jason Y. K. Chan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C. Andrew van Hasselt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dongcai Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ear Nose Throat (ENT), Institute of ENT & Longgang ENT Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ear Nose Throat (ENT), Institute of ENT & Longgang ENT Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lingbin Xue
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Michael C. F. Tong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Michael C. F. Tong, ; George G. Chen,
| | - George G. Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Michael C. F. Tong, ; George G. Chen,
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Datta J, Willingham N, Manouchehri JM, Schnell P, Sheth M, David JJ, Kassem M, Wilson TA, Radomska HS, Coss CC, Bennett CE, Ganju RK, Sardesai SD, Lustberg M, Ramaswamy B, Stover DG, Cherian MA. Activity of Estrogen Receptor β Agonists in Therapy-Resistant Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:857590. [PMID: 35574319 PMCID: PMC9097292 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.857590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Among women, breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Estrogen receptor α-positive (ERα+) breast cancer accounts for 70% of all breast cancer subtypes. Although ERα+ breast cancer initially responds to estrogen deprivation or blockade, the emergence of resistance compels the use of more aggressive therapies. While ERα is a driver in ERα+ breast cancer, ERβ plays an inhibitory role in several different cancer types. To date, the lack of highly selective ERβ agonists without ERα activity has limited the exploration of ERβ activation as a strategy for ERα+ breast cancer. Methods We measured the expression levels of ESR1 and ESR2 genes in immortalized mammary epithelial cells and different breast cancer cell lines. The viability of ERα+ breast cancer cell lines upon treatments with specific ERβ agonists, including OSU-ERb-12 and LY500307, was assessed. The specificity of the ERβ agonists, OSU-ERb-12 and LY500307, was confirmed by reporter assays. The effects of ERβ agonists on cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, colony formation, cell migration, and expression of tumor suppressor proteins were analyzed. The expression of ESR2 and genes containing ERE-AP1 composite response elements was examined in ERα+ human breast cancer samples to determine the correlation between ESR2 expression and overall survival and that of putative ESR2-regulated genes. Results In this study, we demonstrate the efficacy of highly selective ERβ agonists in ERα+ breast cancer cell lines and drug-resistant derivatives. ERβ agonists blocked cell proliferation, migration, and colony formation and induced apoptosis and S and/or G2/M cell-cycle arrest of ERα+ breast cancer cell lines. Also, increases in the expression of the key tumor suppressors FOXO1 and FOXO3a were noted. Importantly, the strong synergy between ERβ agonists and ERα antagonists suggested that the efficacy of ERβ agonists is maximized by combination with ERα blockade. Lastly, ESR2 (ERβ gene) expression was negatively correlated with ESR1 (ERα gene) and CCND1 RNA expression in human metastatic ERα+/HER2- breast cancer samples. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that highly selective ERβ agonists attenuate the viability of ERα+ breast cancer cell lines in vitro and suggest that this therapeutic strategy merits further evaluation for ERα+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jharna Datta
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Natalie Willingham
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jasmine M. Manouchehri
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Patrick Schnell
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Cancer, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Mirisha Sheth
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Joel J. David
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Mahmoud Kassem
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Cancer, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Tyler A. Wilson
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Medicinal Chemistry Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Hanna S. Radomska
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Christopher C. Coss
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Drug Development Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Chad E. Bennett
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Medicinal Chemistry Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Drug Development Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ramesh K. Ganju
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sagar D. Sardesai
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Cancer, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Maryam Lustberg
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Bhuvaneswari Ramaswamy
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Cancer, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Daniel G. Stover
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Cancer, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Mathew A. Cherian
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Cancer, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Abstract
Background: Sex dimorphism strongly impacts tumor biology, with most cancers having a male predominance. Uniquely, thyroid cancer (TC) is the only nonreproductive cancer with striking female predominance with three- to four-fold higher incidence among females, although males generally have more aggressive disease. The molecular basis for this observation is not known, and current approaches in treatment and surveillance are not sex specific. Summary: Although TC has overall good prognosis, 6-20% of patients develop regional or distant metastasis, one third of whom are not responsive to conventional treatment approaches and suffer a 10-year survival rate of only 10%. More efficacious treatment strategies are needed for these aggressive TCs, as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy have major toxicities without demonstrable overall survival benefit. Emerging evidence indicates a role of sex hormones, genetics, and the immune system in modulation of both risk for TC and its progression in a sex-specific manner. Conclusion: Greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences in TC pathogenesis could provide insights into the development of sex-specific, targeted, and effective strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and management. This review summarizes emerging evidence for the importance of sex in the pathogenesis, progression, and response to treatment in differentiated TC with emphasis on the role of sex hormones, genetics, and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Shobab
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Kenneth D Burman
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Leonard Wartofsky
- Medstar Health Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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47
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Wright EB, Lannigan DA. ERK1/2‐RSK regulation of oestrogen homeostasis. FEBS J 2022; 290:1943-1953. [PMID: 35176205 PMCID: PMC9381647 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms regulating oestrogen homeostasis have been primarily studied in the mammary gland, which is the focus of this review. In the non-pregnant adult, the mammary gland undergoes repeated cycles of proliferation and apoptosis in response to the fluctuating levels of oestrogen that occur during the reproductive stage. Oestrogen actions are mediated through the steroid hormone receptors, oestrogen receptor α and β and through a G-protein coupled receptor. In the mammary gland, ERα is of particular importance and thus will be highlighted. Mechanisms regulating oestrogen-induced responses through ERα are necessary to maintain homeostasis given that the signalling pathways that are activated in response to ERα-mediated transcription can also induce transformation. ERK1/2 and its downstream effector, p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK), control homeostasis in the mammary gland by limiting oestrogen-mediated ERα responsiveness. ERK1/2 drives degradation coupled ERα-mediated transcription, whereas RSK2 acts as a negative regulator of ERK1/2 activity to limit oestrogen responsiveness. Moreover, RSK2 acts as a positive regulator of translation. Thus, RSK2 provides both positive and negative signals to maintain oestrogen responsiveness. In addition to transmitting signals through tyrosine kinase receptors, ERK1/2-RSK engages with hedgehog signalling to maintain oestrogen levels and with the HIPPO pathway to regulate ERα-mediated transcription. Additionally, ERK1/2-RSK controls the progenitor populations within the mammary gland to maintain the ERα-positive population. RSK2 is involved in increased breast cancer risk in individuals taking oral contraceptives and in parity-induced protection against breast cancer. RSK2 and ERα may also co-operate in diseases in tissues outside of the mammary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric B. Wright
- Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA
| | - Deborah A. Lannigan
- Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA
- Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
- Cell and Developmental Biology Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA
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48
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Chimento A, De Luca A, Avena P, De Amicis F, Casaburi I, Sirianni R, Pezzi V. Estrogen Receptors-Mediated Apoptosis in Hormone-Dependent Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1242. [PMID: 35163166 PMCID: PMC8835409 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It is known that estrogen stimulates growth and inhibits apoptosis through estrogen receptor(ER)-mediated mechanisms in many cancer cell types. Interestingly, there is strong evidence that estrogens can also induce apoptosis, activating different ER isoforms in cancer cells. It has been observed that E2/ERα complex activates multiple pathways involved in both cell cycle progression and apoptotic cascade prevention, while E2/ERβ complex in many cases directs the cells to apoptosis. However, the exact mechanism of estrogen-induced tumor regression is not completely known. Nevertheless, ERs expression levels of specific splice variants and their cellular localization differentially affect outcome of estrogen-dependent tumors. The goal of this review is to provide a general overview of current knowledge on ERs-mediated apoptosis that occurs in main hormone dependent-cancers. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the induction of ER-mediated cell death will be useful for the development of specific ligands capable of triggering apoptosis to counteract estrogen-dependent tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Chimento
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Arianna De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Paola Avena
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Francesca De Amicis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Ivan Casaburi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Rosa Sirianni
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Pezzi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
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Liang Y, Besch-Williford C, Hyder SM. The estrogen receptor beta agonist liquiritigenin enhances the inhibitory effects of the cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor RO 48-8071 on hormone-dependent breast-cancer growth. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 192:53-63. [PMID: 35037188 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06487-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Most hormone-dependent human breast cancers develop resistance to anti-hormone therapy over time. Our goal was to identify novel treatment strategies to avoid this drug resistance and thereby control hormone-dependent breast cancer. METHODS Sulforhodamine B assays were used to measure viability of cultured human breast-cancer cells. BT-474 cell tumor xenografts in nude mice were used to evaluate tumor growth. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess estrogen-receptor and angiogenesis-marker expression, as well as apoptosis, in tumor-xenograft tissues. RESULTS MCF-7 and BT-474 breast-cancer cells treated with either RO 48-8071 <[4'-[6-(Allylmethylamino)hexyloxy]-4-bromo-2'-fluorobenzophenone fumarate] [RO]; a small-molecule inhibitor of oxidosqualene cyclase, a key enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis> or liquiritigenin [LQ; an estrogen receptor (ER) β agonist] exhibited significantly reduced viability in vitro. RO + LQ treatment further significantly reduced cell viability. Administration of RO, LQ, or RO + LQ significantly inhibited growth of BT-474 tumor xenografts in vivo. RO, LQ, or RO + LQ reduced ERα but induced ER β expression in tumor xenografts. Both compounds significantly reduced angiogenesis-marker expression and increased apoptosis in tumor xenografts; use of RO + LQ significantly enhanced the effects observed with a single agent. CONCLUSION The ERβ ligand LQ significantly enhanced the inhibition of breast-cancer cell viability and tumor-xenograft growth by RO. The anti-tumor properties of RO may in part be due to an off-target effect that reduces ERα and increases ERβ, the latter of which can then interact with LQ to promote anti-proliferative effects. The RO + LQ combination may have value when considering novel treatment strategies for hormone-dependent breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Liang
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, 134 Research Park Drive, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | | | - Salman M Hyder
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, 134 Research Park Drive, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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50
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Chauvin S, Cohen-Tannoudji J, Guigon CJ. Estradiol Signaling at the Heart of Folliculogenesis: Its Potential Deregulation in Human Ovarian Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23010512. [PMID: 35008938 PMCID: PMC8745567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Estradiol (E2) is a major hormone controlling women fertility, in particular folliculogenesis. This steroid, which is locally produced by granulosa cells (GC) within ovarian follicles, controls the development and selection of dominant preovulatory follicles. E2 effects rely on a complex set of nuclear and extra-nuclear signal transduction pathways principally triggered by its nuclear receptors, ERα and ERβ. These transcription factors are differentially expressed within follicles, with ERβ being the predominant ER in GC. Several ERβ splice isoforms have been identified and display specific structural features, which greatly complicates the nature of ERβ-mediated E2 signaling. This review aims at providing a concise overview of the main actions of E2 during follicular growth, maturation, and selection in human. It also describes the current understanding of the various roles of ERβ splice isoforms, especially their influence on cell fate. We finally discuss how E2 signaling deregulation could participate in two ovarian pathogeneses characterized by either a follicular arrest, as in polycystic ovary syndrome, or an excess of GC survival and proliferation, leading to granulosa cell tumors. This review emphasizes the need for further research to better understand the molecular basis of E2 signaling throughout folliculogenesis and to improve the efficiency of ovarian-related disease therapies.
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