1
|
Ren J, Dai J, Chen Y, Wang Z, Sha R, Mao J. Physiochemical characterization and ameliorative effect of rice resistant starch modified by heat-stable α-amylase and glucoamylase on the gut microbial community in T2DM mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:5596-5612. [PMID: 38722000 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05456j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
In the presented study, natural rice containing high resistant starch content was used as a raw material to produce rice resistant starch (RRS) through enzymatic hydrolysis with heat-stable α-amylase and glucoamylase. The chemical composition, structural characteristics and in vitro glycemic index (GI) of RRS were evaluated. The effects of RRS at different doses on the body weight, serum biochemical levels, pathological indexes, production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the gut and the intestinal microbial composition in T2DM mice were investigated. The results of physiochemical characterization indicated that, relative to rice flour, RRS mainly comprising resistant starch had higher crystallinity (25.85%) and a more stable structure, which contributed to its lower digestibility and decreased GI in vitro. Compared with the model control group, 1 g per kg BW and 2 g per kg BW oral gavage dosages of RRS effectively enhanced the SCFA productivity in the T2DM mouse gut, as well as alleviating T2DM symptoms, involving an increase in body weight, reduction in fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase, and an increase in serum insulin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Besides, 1 g per kg BW and 2 g per kg BW dosages of RRS mitigated T2DM-induced pancreas damage. Furthermore, up-regulation in the abundance of probiotics (Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, etc.) and down-regulation in the number of harmful bacteria (Desulfovibrio, Prevotella, etc.) were observed in all RRS-treated groups. In summary, this work suggested that RRS prepared using heat-stable α-amylase and glucoamylase could be a potential functional component for amelioration of T2DM applied in the fields of food and pharmaceutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Ren
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Jing Dai
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Ruyi Sha
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Jianwei Mao
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen X, Moreno LL, Tang X, Gasaly N, Schols HA, de Vos P. A novel "microbiota-host interaction model" to study the real-time effects of fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrate (NDCs) on gut barrier function. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100736. [PMID: 38681527 PMCID: PMC11052908 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, an in vitro co-culture model using an electric cell-substrate impedance sensing system (ECIS) for testing the impact of real-time fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates (NDCs) by the intestinal microbiota on gut barrier function was established. We applied Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 as a model intestinal bacterium and alginate-pectin as immobilization polymers as well as a source of NDCs to determine the impact of pectin fermentation on the barrier function of T84 gut epithelial cells. In the first design, L. plantarum WCFS1 was encapsulated in an alginate capsule followed by embedding in an agar layer to mimic a firm mucus layer that might be present in the colon. In this experimental design, the presence of the agar layer interfered with the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurement of T84 cells. Subsequently, we removed the agar layer and used encapsulated bacteria in an alginate gel and found that the TEER measurement was adequate. The encapsulation of the L. plantarum WCFS1 does avoid direct contact with cells. Also, the encapsulation system allows higher amounts of packing densities of L. plantarum WCFS1 in a limited space which can limit the oxygen concentration within the capsule and therefore create anaerobic conditions. To test this design, T84 cells were co-incubated with L. plantarum alginate-capsules supplemented with graded loads of fermentable pectin (0, 4, and 8 mg/ml per capsule) to investigate the effect of pectin fermentation on gut barrier function. We observed that as the pectin content in the L. plantarum capsules increased, pectin showed a gradually stronger protective effect on the TEER of the gut epithelium. This could partly be explained by enhanced SCFA production as both lactate and acetate were enhanced in L. plantarum containing alginate capsules with 8 mg/ml pectin. Overall, this newly designed in vitro co-culture model allows for studying the impact of bacteria-derived fermentation products but also for studying the direct effects of NDCs on gut barrier function in a relatively high-throughput way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Chen
- Immunoendocrinology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Luis Llanos Moreno
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xin Tang
- Immunoendocrinology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Naschla Gasaly
- Immunoendocrinology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Henk A. Schols
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Qiu X, Lu R, He Q, Chen S, Huang C, Lin D. Metabolic signatures and potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of colon cancer cachexia. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1913-1924. [PMID: 37705348 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia (CAC) is a debilitating condition that often arises from noncachexia cancer (NCAC), with distinct metabolic characteristics and medical treatments. However, the metabolic changes and underlying molecular mechanisms during cachexia progression remain poorly understood. Understanding the progression of CAC is crucial for developing diagnostic approaches to distinguish between CAC and NCAC stages, facilitating appropriate treatment for cancer patients. In this study, we establish a mouse model of colon CAC and categorize the mice into three groups: CAC, NCAC and normal control (NOR). By performing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic profiling on mouse sera, we elucidate the metabolic properties of these groups. Our findings unveil significant differences in the metabolic profiles among the CAC, NCAC and NOR groups, highlighting significant impairments in energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism during cachexia progression. Additionally, we observe the elevated serum levels of lysine and acetate during the transition from the NCAC to CAC stages. Using multivariate ROC analysis, we identify lysine and acetate as potential biomarkers for distinguishing between CAC and NCAC stages. These biomarkers hold promise for the diagnosis of CAC from noncachexia cancer. Our study provides novel insights into the metabolic mechanisms underlying cachexia progression and offers valuable avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of CAC in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ruohan Lu
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Qiqing He
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Caihua Huang
- Research and Communication Center of Exercise and Health, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Donghai Lin
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cui Y, Huang P, Duan H, Song S, Gan L, Liu Z, Lin Q, Wang J, Qi G, Guan J. Role of microencapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum in alleviating intestinal inflammatory damage through promoting epithelial proliferation and differentiation in layer chicks. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1287899. [PMID: 38053557 PMCID: PMC10694250 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1287899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The alleviating effects of Lactobacillus plantarum in microencapsulation (LPM) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal inflammatory injury were investigated in layer chicks. A total of 252 healthy Hy-Line Brown layer chicks were randomly divided into six groups. Birds were injected with saline or LPS except for the control, and the diets of birds subjected to LPS were supplemented with nothing, L. plantarum, LPM, and wall material of LPM, respectively. The viable counts of LPM reached 109 CFU/g, and the supplemental levels of L. plantarum, LPM, and WM were 0.02 g (109 CFU), 1.0 g, and 0.98 g, per kilogram feed, respectively. LPS administration caused intestinal damage in layer chicks, evidenced by increased proinflammatory factors accompanied by poor intestinal development and morphology (p < 0.05). LPM/LPS significantly increased body weight, small intestine weight and length, villus height, villus height/crypt depth, and mRNA relative expression of tight junction protein genes (p < 0.05) and performed better than free L. plantarum. These findings could be attributed to the significant increase in viable counts of L. plantarum in the small intestine (p < 0.05), as well as the enhanced levels of Actinobacteriota, Lactobacillaceae, and Lactobacillus in intestinal microbiota (p < 0.05). Such results could further significantly increase goblet and PCNA+ cell percentage (p < 0.05); the mRNA relative expressions of epithelial cell, fast-cycling stem cell, quiescent stem cell, endocrine cell, and Paneth cell; and goblet and proliferative cell marker genes, including E-cadherin, Lgr-5, Bmi-1, ChA, Lysozome, Mucin-2, and PCNA (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the mRNA relative expressions of key genes involved in epithelial cell proliferation, namely, c-Myc, Cyclin-1, Wnt-3, Lrp-5, and Olfm-4, exhibited significant upregulation compared with the LPS treatment, as well as the differentiating genes Notch-1 and Hes-1 (p < 0.05). To sum up, microencapsulated L. plantarum supplementation could alleviate intestinal injury in layer chicks induced by LPS by promoting the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells, which could be attributed to the increase in viable count of L. plantarum in the gut and optimization in intestinal microbial flora.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoming Cui
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peiyu Huang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haitao Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shijia Song
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liping Gan
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiaohan Lin
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jinrong Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gunghai Qi
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junjun Guan
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bhasin N, Dabra P, Senavirathna L, Pan S, Chen R. Inhibition of TRAP1 Accelerates the DNA Damage Response, Activation of the Heat Shock Response and Metabolic Reprogramming in Colon Cancer Cells. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2023; 28:227. [PMID: 37796715 PMCID: PMC10727129 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2809227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The tumor microenvironment plays a significant role in CRC development, progression and metastasis. Oxidative stress in the colon is a major etiological factor impacting tumor progression. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) is a mitochondrial member of the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) family that is involved in modulating apoptosis in colon cancer cells under oxidative stress. We undertook this study to provide mechanistic insight into the role of TRAP1 under oxidative stress in colon cells. METHODS We first assessed the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) CRC gene expression dataset to evaluate the expression of TRAP1 and its association with oxidative stress and disease progression. We then treated colon HCT116 cells with hydrogen peroxide to induce oxidative stress and with the TRAP1 inhibitor gamitrinib-triphenylphosphonium (GTPP) to inhibit TRAP1. We examined the cellular proteomic landscape using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in this context compared to controls. We further examined the impact of treatment on DNA damage and cell survival. RESULTS TRAP1 expression under oxidative stress is associated with the disease outcomes of colorectal cancer. TRAP1 inhibition under oxidative stress induced metabolic reprogramming and heat shock factor 1 (HSF1)-dependent transactivation. In addition, we also observed enhanced induction of DNA damage and cell death in the cells under oxidative stress and TRAP1 inhibition in comparison to single treatments and the nontreatment control. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide new insights into TRAP1-driven metabolic reprogramming in response to oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobel Bhasin
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Prerna Dabra
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lakmini Senavirathna
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas at Houston Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sheng Pan
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas at Houston Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ru Chen
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Moreno-Sánchez R, Robledo-Cadena DX, Pacheco-Velázquez SC, Vargas Navarro JL, Padilla-Flores JA, Rodríguez-Enríquez S. Estimation of energy pathway fluxes in cancer cells - Beyond the Warburg effect. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 739:109559. [PMID: 36906097 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Glycolytic and respiratory fluxes were analyzed in cancer and non-cancer cells. The steady-state fluxes in energy metabolism were used to estimate the contributions of aerobic glycolytic and oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) pathways to the cellular ATP supply. The rate of lactate production - corrected for the fraction generated by glutaminolysis - is proposed as the appropriate way to estimate glycolytic flux. In general, the glycolytic rates estimated for cancer cells are higher than those found in non-cancer cells, as originally observed by Otto Warburg. The rate of basal or endogenous cellular O2 consumption corrected for non-ATP synthesizing O2 consumption, measured after inhibition by oligomycin (a specific, potent and permeable ATP synthase inhibitor), has been proposed as the appropriate way to estimate mitochondrial ATP synthesis-linked O2 flux or net OxPhos flux in living cells. Detecting non-negligible oligomycin-sensitive O2 consumption rates in cancer cells has revealed that the mitochondrial function is not impaired, as claimed by the Warburg effect. Furthermore, when calculating the relative contributions to cellular ATP supply, under a variety of environmental conditions and for different types of cancer cells, it was found that OxPhos pathway was the main ATP provider over glycolysis. Hence, OxPhos pathway targeting can be successfully used to block in cancer cells ATP-dependent processes such as migration. These observations may guide the re-design of novel targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Moreno-Sánchez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carrera de Biología, Laboratorio de Control Metabólico, Los Reyes Ixtacala, Hab. Los Reyes Ixtacala Barrio de los Árboles/Barrio de los Héroes, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Mexico.
| | | | | | - Jorge Luis Vargas Navarro
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carrera de Biología, Laboratorio de Control Metabólico, Los Reyes Ixtacala, Hab. Los Reyes Ixtacala Barrio de los Árboles/Barrio de los Héroes, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Alberto Padilla-Flores
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carrera de Biología, Laboratorio de Control Metabólico, Los Reyes Ixtacala, Hab. Los Reyes Ixtacala Barrio de los Árboles/Barrio de los Héroes, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Mexico
| | - Sara Rodríguez-Enríquez
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Departamento de Bioquímica, Ciudad de México, 14080, Mexico; Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carrera de Medicina, Laboratorio de Control Metabólico, Los Reyes Ixtacala, Hab. Los Reyes Ixtacala Barrio de los Árboles/Barrio de los Héroes, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dang Z, Gao M, Wang L, Wu J, Guo Y, Zhu Z, Huang H, Kang G. Synthetic bacterial therapies for intestinal diseases based on quorum- sensing circuits. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 65:108142. [PMID: 36977440 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial therapy has become a key strategy against intestinal infectious diseases in recent years. Moreover, regulating the gut microbiota through traditional fecal microbiota transplantation and supplementation of probiotics faces controllability, efficacy, and safety challenges. The infiltration and emergence of synthetic biology and microbiome provide an operational and safe treatment platform for live bacterial biotherapies. Synthetic bacterial therapy can artificially manipulate bacteria to produce and deliver therapeutic drug molecules. This method has the advantages of solid controllability, low toxicity, strong therapeutic effects, and easy operation. As an essential tool for dynamic regulation in synthetic biology, quorum sensing (QS) has been widely used for designing complex genetic circuits to control the behavior of bacterial populations and achieve predefined goals. Therefore, QS-based synthetic bacterial therapy might become a new direction for the treatment of diseases. The pre-programmed QS genetic circuit can achieve a controllable production of therapeutic drugs on particular ecological niches by sensing specific signals released from the digestive system in pathological conditions, thereby realizing the integration of diagnosis and treatment. Based on this as well as the modular idea of synthetic biology, QS-based synthetic bacterial therapies are divided into an environmental signal sensing module (senses gut disease physiological signals), a therapeutic molecule producing module (plays a therapeutic role against diseases), and a population behavior regulating module (QS system). This review article summarized the structure and function of these three modules and discussed the rational design of QS gene circuits as a novel intervention strategy for intestinal diseases. Moreover, the application prospects of QS-based synthetic bacterial therapy were summarized. Finally, the challenges faced by these methods were analyzed to make the targeted recommendations for developing a successful therapeutic strategy for intestinal diseases.
Collapse
|
8
|
Dong Y, Zhang K, Wei J, Ding Y, Wang X, Hou H, Wu J, Liu T, Wang B, Cao H. Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids regulate gastrointestinal tumor immunity: a novel therapeutic strategy? Front Immunol 2023; 14:1158200. [PMID: 37122756 PMCID: PMC10140337 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1158200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), a tumor-derived immune component, is proven to be closely related to the development, metastasis, and recurrence of tumors. Gut microbiota and its fermented-metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a critical role in maintaining the immune homeostasis of gastrointestinal tumors. Consisting mainly of acetate, propionate, and butyrate, SCFAs can interact with G protein-coupled receptors 43 of T helper 1 cell or restrain histone deacetylases (HDACs) of cytotoxic T lymphocytes to exert immunotherapy effects. Studies have shed light on SCFAs can mediate the differentiation and function of regulatory T cells, as well as cytokine production in TIME. Additionally, SCFAs can alter epigenetic modification of CD8+ T cells by inhibiting HDACs to participate in the immune response process. In gastrointestinal tumors, the abundance of SCFAs and their producing bacteria is significantly reduced. Direct supplementation of dietary fiber and probiotics, or fecal microbiota transplantation to change the structure of gut microbiota can both increase the level of SCFAs and inhibit tumor development. The mechanism by which SCFAs modulate the progression of gastrointestinal tumors has been elucidated in this review, aiming to provide prospects for the development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
9
|
Peña-Ocaña BA, Hoshiko Y, Silva-Flores M, Maeda T, Pérez-Torres I, García-Contreras R, Gutiérrez-Sarmiento W, Hernández-Esquivel L, Marín-Hernández Á, Sánchez-Thomas R, Saavedra E, Rodríguez-Zavala JS, Jasso-Chávez R. Cultivation of gastrointestinal microbiota in a new growth system revealed dysbiosis and metabolic disruptions in carcinoma-bearing rats. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:949272. [PMID: 36118191 PMCID: PMC9479207 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.949272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A challenge in the study of gastrointestinal microbiota (GITm) is the validation of the genomic data with metabolic studies of the microbial communities to understand how the microbial networks work during health and sickness. To gain insights into the metabolism of the GITm, feces from healthy and sick rats with cancer were inoculated in a defined synthetic medium directed for anaerobic prokaryote growth (INC-07 medium). Significant differences between cultures of healthy and sick individuals were found: 1) the consumption of the carbon source and the enzyme activity involved in their catabolism (e.g., sucrase, lactase, lipases, aminotransferases, and dehydrogenases); 2) higher excretion of acetic, propionic, isobutyric, butyric, valeric, and isovaleric acids; 3) methane production; 4) ability to form biofilms; and 5) up to 500 amplicon sequencing variants (ASVs) identified showed different diversity and abundance. Moreover, the bowel inflammation induced by cancer triggered oxidative stress, which correlated with deficient antioxidant machinery (e.g., NADPH-producing enzymes) determined in the GITm cultures from sick individuals in comparison with those from control individuals. Altogether, the data suggested that to preserve the microbial network between bacteria and methanogenic archaea, a complete oxidation of the carbon source may be essential for healthy microbiota. The correlation of 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding between cultures and feces, as well as metabolomic data found in cultures, suggest that INC-07 medium may be a useful tool to understand the metabolism of microbiota under gut conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Betsy Anaid Peña-Ocaña
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yuki Hoshiko
- Division of Environment-Conscious Chemistry and Bioengineering, Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Mayel Silva-Flores
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Toshinari Maeda
- Division of Environment-Conscious Chemistry and Bioengineering, Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Israel Pérez-Torres
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo García-Contreras
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Wilbert Gutiérrez-Sarmiento
- Instituto Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Luz Hernández-Esquivel
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Álvaro Marín-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosina Sánchez-Thomas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Emma Saavedra
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Ricardo Jasso-Chávez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Ricardo Jasso-Chávez
| |
Collapse
|