1
|
Bonni S, Brindley DN, Chamberlain MD, Daneshvar-Baghbadorani N, Freywald A, Hemmings DG, Hombach-Klonisch S, Klonisch T, Raouf A, Shemanko CS, Topolnitska D, Visser K, Vizeacoumar FJ, Wang E, Gibson SB. Breast Tumor Metastasis and Its Microenvironment: It Takes Both Seed and Soil to Grow a Tumor and Target It for Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:911. [PMID: 38473273 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastasis remains a major challenge in treating breast cancer. Breast tumors metastasize to organ-specific locations such as the brain, lungs, and bone, but why some organs are favored over others remains unclear. Breast tumors also show heterogeneity, plasticity, and distinct microenvironments. This contributes to treatment failure and relapse. The interaction of breast cancer cells with their metastatic microenvironment has led to the concept that primary breast cancer cells act as seeds, whereas the metastatic tissue microenvironment (TME) is the soil. Improving our understanding of this interaction could lead to better treatment strategies for metastatic breast cancer. Targeted treatments for different subtypes of breast cancers have improved overall patient survival, even with metastasis. However, these targeted treatments are based upon the biology of the primary tumor and often these patients' relapse, after therapy, with metastatic tumors. The advent of immunotherapy allowed the immune system to target metastatic tumors. Unfortunately, immunotherapy has not been as effective in metastatic breast cancer relative to other cancers with metastases, such as melanoma. This review will describe the heterogeneic nature of breast cancer cells and their microenvironments. The distinct properties of metastatic breast cancer cells and their microenvironments that allow interactions, especially in bone and brain metastasis, will also be described. Finally, we will review immunotherapy approaches to treat metastatic breast tumors and discuss future therapeutic approaches to improve treatments for metastatic breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Bonni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- The Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - David N Brindley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - M Dean Chamberlain
- Division of Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada
- Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Nima Daneshvar-Baghbadorani
- Division of Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada
- Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Andrew Freywald
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Denise G Hemmings
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Sabine Hombach-Klonisch
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Thomas Klonisch
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Afshin Raouf
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E OT5, Canada
- Cancer Care Manitoba Research Institute, Cancer Care Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E OV9, Canada
| | - Carrie Simone Shemanko
- The Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Diana Topolnitska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E OT5, Canada
- Cancer Care Manitoba Research Institute, Cancer Care Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E OV9, Canada
| | - Kaitlyn Visser
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Franco J Vizeacoumar
- Division of Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada
- Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Edwin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Genetics, and Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Spencer B Gibson
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Odarenko KV, Zenkova MA, Markov AV. The Nexus of Inflammation-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Lung Cancer Progression: A Roadmap to Pentacyclic Triterpenoid-Based Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17325. [PMID: 38139154 PMCID: PMC10743660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Its high mortality is partly due to chronic inflammation that accompanies the disease and stimulates cancer progression. In this review, we analyzed recent studies and highlighted the role of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as a link between inflammation and lung cancer. In the inflammatory tumor microenvironment (iTME), fibroblasts, macrophages, granulocytes, and lymphocytes produce inflammatory mediators, some of which can induce EMT. This leads to increased invasiveness of tumor cells and self-renewal of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are associated with metastasis and tumor recurrence, respectively. Based on published data, we propose that inflammation-induced EMT may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of lung cancer. This prospect is partially realized in the development of EMT inhibitors based on pentacyclic triterpenoids (PTs), described in the second part of our study. PTs reduce the metastatic potential and stemness of tumor cells, making PTs promising candidates for lung cancer therapy. We emphasize that the high diversity of molecular mechanisms underlying inflammation-induced EMT far exceeds those that have been implicated in drug development. Therefore, analysis of information on the relationship between the iTME and EMT is of great interest and may provide ideas for novel treatment approaches for lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V. Odarenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (K.V.O.); (M.A.Z.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Marina A. Zenkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (K.V.O.); (M.A.Z.)
| | - Andrey V. Markov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (K.V.O.); (M.A.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Souza VGP, Forder A, Pewarchuk ME, Telkar N, de Araujo RP, Stewart GL, Vieira J, Reis PP, Lam WL. The Complex Role of the Microbiome in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Development and Progression. Cells 2023; 12:2801. [PMID: 38132121 PMCID: PMC10741843 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the relationship between microorganisms in the surrounding environment and cancer cells. While the tumor microenvironment predominantly comprises cancer cells, stromal cells, and immune cells, emerging research highlights the significant contributions of microbial cells to tumor development and progression. Although the impact of the gut microbiome on treatment response in lung cancer is well established, recent investigations indicate complex roles of lung microbiota in lung cancer. This article focuses on recent findings on the human lung microbiome and its impacts in cancer development and progression. We delve into the characteristics of the lung microbiome and its influence on lung cancer development. Additionally, we explore the characteristics of the intratumoral microbiome, the metabolic interactions between lung tumor cells, and how microorganism-produced metabolites can contribute to cancer progression. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive review of the current literature on the lung microbiome and its implications for the metastatic potential of tumor cells. Additionally, this review discusses the potential for therapeutic modulation of the microbiome to establish lung cancer prevention strategies and optimize lung cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa G. P. Souza
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil (P.P.R.)
| | - Aisling Forder
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | | | - Nikita Telkar
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Rachel Paes de Araujo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil (P.P.R.)
| | - Greg L. Stewart
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Juliana Vieira
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Patricia P. Reis
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil (P.P.R.)
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Wan L. Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li N, Liu C, Qiu L, Shen C, Zhang F, Lu Z, Zhou M, Sheng D, Liu Z. Study on the correlation between lifestyle and negative conversion time in patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a retrospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2410. [PMID: 38049851 PMCID: PMC10696701 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17163-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As of early December 2022, China eased the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) restriction, affecting over 80% of the country's population and posing a severe threat to public health. Previous studies mostly focused factors on the severity/mortality rate of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, but limited studies explored factors associated with virus-negative conversion, particularly lifestyles. Therefore, the aim of our study was to analyze the correlation between lifestyle factors and the negative conversion time in COVID-19 patients. METHODS We recruited individuals aged 18 years or older who had a clear time record for both the diagnosis and negative conversion of COVID-19 and completed the electronic questionnaire with no missing data. Dietary data collected from the questionnaire was analyzed using exploratory factor analysis to establish dietary patterns. Age segmentation was performed using restricted cubic spline (RCS) plots. The association between lifestyle factors and the time to negative conversion in different age groups, was assessed using Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox regression analysis. RESULT Out of 514 participants, all achieved viral negative conversion within a median time of 11 days. Based on nutrient intake, we identified four dietary patterns. The relationship between age and negative conversion rate, as depicted by RCS plots, exhibited an inverted "U" shape. We categorized age into three segments: <35 years, 35-45 years, and ≥ 45 years. For individuals under 35, our study indicated that a higher protein intake was linked to a faster recovery among COVID-19 patients, while medical staff or those receiving prescription treatments exhibited a slower recovery rate (P < 0.05). The 35 ~ 45 age group showed that adequate sleep and physical exercise were associated with a shorter time to negative conversion, whereas southern regions and a higher intake of carbohydrates were related with a longer conversion time (P < 0.05). Among individuals aged ≥ 45 years, the negative conversion time was primarily associated with physical exercise and being a medical staff member(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our research suggests that adequate sleep, physical exercise and a higher protein intake can help alleviate COVID-19 symptoms, while a higher level of carbohydrates intake may hinder recovery from COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Chenbing Liu
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Chao Shen
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Zhangfan Lu
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Menghao Zhou
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Di Sheng
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Otálora-Otálora BA, López-Rivera JJ, Aristizábal-Guzmán C, Isaza-Ruget MA, Álvarez-Moreno CA. Host Transcriptional Regulatory Genes and Microbiome Networks Crosstalk through Immune Receptors Establishing Normal and Tumor Multiomics Metafirm of the Oral-Gut-Lung Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16638. [PMID: 38068961 PMCID: PMC10706695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiome has shown a correlation with the diet and lifestyle of each population in health and disease, the ability to communicate at the cellular level with the host through innate and adaptative immune receptors, and therefore an important role in modulating inflammatory process related to the establishment and progression of cancer. The oral cavity is one of the most important interaction windows between the human body and the environment, allowing the entry of an important number of microorganisms and their passage across the gastrointestinal tract and lungs. In this review, the contribution of the microbiome network to the establishment of systemic diseases like cancer is analyzed through their synergistic interactions and bidirectional crosstalk in the oral-gut-lung axis as well as its communication with the host cells. Moreover, the impact of the characteristic microbiota of each population in the formation of the multiomics molecular metafirm of the oral-gut-lung axis is also analyzed through state-of-the-art sequencing techniques, which allow a global study of the molecular processes involved of the flow of the microbiota environmental signals through cancer-related cells and its relationship with the establishment of the transcription factor network responsible for the control of regulatory processes involved with tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Javier López-Rivera
- Grupo de Investigación INPAC, Specialized Laboratory, Clinica Universitaria Colombia, Clínica Colsanitas S.A., Bogotá 111321, Colombia;
| | - Claudia Aristizábal-Guzmán
- Grupo de Investigación INPAC, Unidad de Investigación, Fundación Universitaria Sanitas, Bogotá 110131, Colombia;
| | - Mario Arturo Isaza-Ruget
- Keralty, Sanitas International Organization, Grupo de Investigación INPAC, Fundación Universitaria Sanitas, Bogotá 110131, Colombia;
| | - Carlos Arturo Álvarez-Moreno
- Infectious Diseases Department, Clinica Universitaria Colombia, Clínica Colsanitas S.A., Bogotá 111321, Colombia;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ocanto A, Mielgo-Rubio X, Luna Tirado J, Linares Mesa N, López Valcárcel M, Pedraza S, Barragan VV, Nieto PV, Martín JZ, Couñago F. Coronavirus disease 2019 and lung cancer: where are we? EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:1082-1094. [PMID: 38023992 PMCID: PMC10651354 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncology patients are more susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection due to hospital contact and an immunological system that can be compromised by antineoplastic therapy and supportive treatments. Certain similarities have been described in the physiopathology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and lung cancer (LC) that may explain the higher probability of these patients of developing a more serious disease with more frequent hospitalizations and even death, especially with the addition of smoking, cardiovascular and respiratory comorbidities, old age and corticosteroids use. Pre-existing lesions and cancer therapies change the normal architecture of the lungs, so diagnostic scales such as COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) are of vital importance for a correct diagnosis and patient homogenization, with a high inter-observer correlation. Moreover, anticancer treatments have required an adaptation to reduce the number of visits to the hospital [hypofractionated radiotherapy (RT), larger intervals between chemotherapy cycles, delay in follow-up tests, among others]. In a way, this has also caused a delay in the diagnosis of new cancers. On the other hand, vaccination has had a positive impact on the mortality of these patients, who maintain a similar seroprevalence to the rest of the population, with a similar impact in mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abrahams Ocanto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario San Francisco de Asís, GenesiCare Madrid, 28002 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Vithas La Milagrosa, GenesiCare Madrid, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xabier Mielgo-Rubio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Luna Tirado
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Linares Mesa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jiménez, 21005 Huelva, Spain
| | - Marta López Valcárcel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Pedraza
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Vera Barragan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario de Badajoz, 06080 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Patricia Valencia Nieto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan Zafra Martín
- Group of Translational Research in Cancer Immunotherapy, Centro de Investigaciones Médico-Sanitarias (CIMES), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Felipe Couñago
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario San Francisco de Asís, GenesiCare Madrid, 28002 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Vithas La Milagrosa, GenesiCare Madrid, 28002 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emilio Vargas, GenesisCare Madrid, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang D, Ma Y, Yan L, Gan W, Han Y, Tan JS, Zhao W. Exploring the association between COVID-19 and male genital cancer risk in European population: evidence from mendelian randomization analysis. BMC Genom Data 2023; 24:56. [PMID: 37749495 PMCID: PMC10521436 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-023-01158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently accumulated evidence indicates a potential association between COVID-19 and elevated susceptibility to cancer, including male genital cancer. However, the causal nature of this relationship remains unclear. METHODS In this Mendelian randomization (MR) study, we investigated the potential causal relationship between COVID-19 and male genital cancer using genetic variants as instrumental variables. We utilized summary statistics from two large-scale genome-wide association studies of COVID-19 hospitalized Vs. controls, as well as data from a population-based male genital cancer database based on European ancestry. We applied stringent quality control measures to select instrumental variables, including checking for linkage disequilibrium, removing low-quality variants, and assessing the strength of the instruments using the F-statistic. We conducted the MR analysis using the inverse-variance weighted method and several sensitivity analyses (including MR Egger and Weighted Median MR analysis) to test the robustness of our results. RESULTS Our MR analysis revealed no causal associations between COVID-19 hospitalization and the incidence of male genital cancer. In the inverse-variance weighted analysis, no causal associations were observed between patients with COVID-19 hospitalization and the incidence of male genital cancer (odds ratio = 1.000 and 95% confidence interval = 0.998-1.001, p = 0.668). The estimated causal effect was consistent across all sensitivity analyses (including the Weighted Median, the MR Egger analysis, and the MR PROSSO analysis). The leave-one-out analysis showed that there was no any sing Single-nucleotide polymorphism significantly influencing our results. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that there is no causal association between COVID-19 hospitalization and male genital cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dejie Wang
- Ultrasound Department of Shandong Electric Power Central Hospital, Jinan, 250000, Shangdong, China
| | - Yingjuan Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Yan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250031, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Gan
- Ultrasound Department of Shandong Electric Power Central Hospital, Jinan, 250000, Shangdong, China
| | - Yugang Han
- Ultrasound Department of Shandong Electric Power Central Hospital, Jinan, 250000, Shangdong, China
| | - Jiang-Shan Tan
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Wenhua Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, 250000, Shangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang X, Wang X, Hou L, Xu Z, Liu Y, Wang X. Nanoparticles overcome adaptive immune resistance and enhance immunotherapy via targeting tumor microenvironment in lung cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1130937. [PMID: 37033636 PMCID: PMC10080031 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1130937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the common malignant cancers worldwide. Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has improved survival of lung cancer patients. However, ICI therapy leads to adaptive immune resistance and displays resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in lung cancer, leading to less immune response of lung cancer patients. Tumor microenvironment (TME) is an integral tumor microenvironment, which is involved in immunotherapy resistance. Nanomedicine has been used to enhance the immunotherapy in lung cancer. In this review article, we described the association between TME and immunotherapy in lung cancer. We also highlighted the importance of TME in immunotherapy in lung cancer. Moreover, we discussed how nanoparticles are involved in regulation of TME to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy, including Nanomedicine SGT-53, AZD1080, Nanomodulator NRF2, Cisplatin nanoparticles, Au@PG, DPAICP@ME, SPIO NP@M-P, NBTXR3 nanoparticles, ARAC nanoparticles, Nano-DOX, MS NPs, Nab-paclitaxel, GNPs-hPD-L1 siRNA. Furthermore, we concluded that targeting TME by nanoparticles could be helpful to overcome resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lijian Hou
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu’e Liu
- School of Medicine, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueju Wang
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Xueju Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Marwah H, Pant J, Yadav J, Shah K, Dewangan HK. Biosensor Detection of COVID-19 in Lung Cancer: Hedgehog and Mucin Signaling Insights. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:3442-3457. [PMID: 38270161 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128276948231204111531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 is a global pandemic, particularly affecting individuals with pre-existing lung conditions and potentially leading to pulmonary fibrosis. Age and healthcare system limitations further amplify susceptibility to both diseases, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The intricate relationship between Coronavirus disease 2019 and lung cancer highlights their clinical implications and the potential for early detection through biosensor techniques involving hedgehog and mucin signaling. This study highlights the connection between Coronavirus disease 2019 and lung cancer, focusing on the mucosa, angiotensin- altering enzyme 2 receptors, and their impact on the immune system. It details the inflammatory mechanisms triggered by Coronavirus disease 2019, which can result in pulmonary fibrosis and influence the cancer microenvironment. Various cytokines like Interleukins-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha are examined for their roles in both diseases. Moreover, the review delves into the Hedgehog signaling pathways and their significance in lung cancer, particularly their influence on embryonic cell proliferation and tissue integrity. Mucin signaling is another vital aspect, highlighting the diverse mucin expression patterns in respiratory epithelial tissues and their potential as biomarkers. The review concludes with insights into diagnostic imaging techniques like chest computed tomography, Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for early lung cancer detection, emphasizing the crucial role of biosensors in identifying specific biomarkers for early disease detection. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical impact of Coronavirus disease 2019 on lung cancer patients and the potential for biosensors utilizing hedgehog and mucin signaling for early detection. It underscores the ongoing need for research and innovation to address these critical healthcare challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harneet Marwah
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, NH-95 Chandigarh Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Janmejay Pant
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, NH-95 Chandigarh Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Jiten Yadav
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, NH-95 Chandigarh Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Kamal Shah
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research (IPR), GLA University Mathura, NH-2 Delhi Mathura Road, Po-CHaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hitesh Kumar Dewangan
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, NH-95 Chandigarh Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|